Unit 6 At one with nature介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（语法专项）英语外研版2019必修第一册

Unit 6 At one with nature 核心语法精练（介词+关系词引导的定语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空 2 二、完成句子 3 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 4 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 4 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 5 题型三 完形填空 6 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 基本结构 介词 + 关系代词（which/whom/whose）+ 定语从句（修饰先行词） 注：关系代词不可用 that 或 who，whose 前可接介词，也可省略介词直接引导 关系代词选择 - which：先行词为物时使用 - whom：先行词为人时使用 - whose：表示 “…… 的”，既可指人也可指物，结构为 “介词 + whose + 名词” 介词的确定依据 1. 与定语从句中的动词构成固定搭配（如 depend on, talk about） 2. 与先行词构成固定搭配（如 the key to, the way of） 3. 根据定语从句的意思确定（如表示 “在…… 方面” 用 in，“关于” 用 about 等） 例句示例 - 先行词为物（which）：This is the house in which I lived last year.（这是我去年住过的房子，live in 为固定搭配） - 先行词为人（whom）：The man with whom she talked is my teacher.（和她说话的人是我的老师，talk with 为固定搭配） - 表所属（whose）：He has a friend in whose house we can stay.（他有个朋友，我们可以住在他家） 注意事项 1. 介词可置于句末，此时关系代词可用 that（指物）或 who/whom（指人），也可省略：This is the house (that/which) I lived in last year. 2. 某些固定动词短语中的介词不可提前，如 look after, take care of 等：This is the baby (whom) she is looking after.（不可说 This is the baby after whom she is looking.） 一、单句语法填空 1．Rarely do her parents allow her (have) junk food for the sake of her health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The study, which (publish) in the Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, describes physical activity as a vigorous (强有力的) movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The start of a new year is a good time to reflect the progress and inadequacy of the past year. (用适当的词填空) 4．We need more feedback from (consume) in order to improve our goods. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．You’d better do some sports every day so that you can keep yourself (energy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．Living in a bilingual environment is particularly (benefit) for children’s language development. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．We came to a place which we had never paid a visit before. (用适当的词填空) 8．I visited the museum in there are many precious historical relics. (用适当的词填空) 9．The church, which the ceiling was covered with colourful designs and pictures, was pulled down by the workers last week. (用适当的词填空) 10．My teachers have given me much encouragement, which I am very grateful. (用适当的词填空) 11．Have you heard of the internet buzzword “city bu city” coined by a foreign blogger named Baobaoxiong? It’s the way tourists can ask if a place has the fashionable vibe (氛围) of a big city. (用适当的词填空) 12．The first way in science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. (用适当的词填空) 13．David was more than certain about getting his ideal job because the position for he applied was a perfect match for his skills. (用适当的词填空) 14．My aunt is the only relative with I share my personal struggles. (用适当的词填空) 15．After several months, Ryan (raise) the $2,000, which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. （所给词的适当形式填空） 16．The tool with he fixed the car is very expensive. (用适当的词填空) 17．Peter with sister I share a room in the university, has a good knowledge of computer programming. (用适当的词填空) 18．These terraces (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to Guangxi is home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．That was the day it took six hours to break my soul.（用适当的词填空） 20．Is this the room they lived last winter? （用适当的词填空） 二、完成句子 1．在他看来，人工智能的广泛应用会导致一些人失去工作。（lead to） In his opinion, the wide application of AI can . 2．传统的火车购票方式已经被网络购票方式取代了。（replace） buying train tickets has already the one through the Internet. 3．不到比赛的最后几秒，结果都无法确定。（doubt） The outcome was until the final seconds of the game. 4．政府在发展规划中应优先考虑环境保护。（priority） The government should in its development plans. 5．与自然融为一体是指与自然世界有一种让你感觉良好的联系。 means having a connection with the natural world that makes you feel good. 6．这种设备可以在现场将垃圾转化为清洁能源。（turn） The device can clean energy right on site. 7．他工作的工厂是这个城市最大的工厂。 The factory is the largest one in this city. 8．他父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个男孩一生中最快乐的一天。 The day is the happiest day in the boy’s life. 9．头发金色的那个女孩来自英国。 The girl is from England. 10．在黑漆漆的街上没有她可以求助的人。 There was no person to in the dark street. 11．技术加快了我们与世界各地的人进行交流的速度。 Technology has quickened the rate with people around the world. 12．你会交到一些好朋友, 他们大多数也喜欢打乒乓球。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) You will make some good friends, . 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） At the very beginning of the 1. (twenty) century, only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”， with around half the population 2. (spend) free time gardening. For many people in the UK, their garden is their own private world. While many Brits like nothing 3. (good) than cutting the grass on Sundays, some are happy just 4. (sit) and enjoy the beauty of their small world. But space in cities is limited and new 5. (solution) need to be found. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land to grow things. Today, over 4，000 people are waiting 6. such pieces of land in London. A new idea is to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have 7. (success) helped make the cities greener and improve air quality. Gardening is good for the soul as well as for the environment. No other free­time activity 8. (allow) you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things. If you have any doubt, take a moment to reflect 9. this line from The Secret Garden：“10. you tend a rose...A thistle cannot grow.” 题型二 语法填空（模拟真题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A（河南省濮阳市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试） The Dragon Well is said to have been discovered during the Three Kingdoms period. It is known as one of the three famous springs in the West Lake areas, 1 West Lake Longjing tea is planted. The tea has its unique 2 (feature): sweet taste, beautiful appearance, green color and a rich fragrance (芳香). During the Tang Dynasty, tea planting around the West Lake in Hangzhou was 3 (large) concentrated near Lingyi n Temple and Tianzhu temples. Monks (僧人) in the temples planted tea for drinking themselves 4 treating guests as well. Over time, the tea ceremony changed from Buddhist celebrations to everyday social manners. In the following years, Lingyin Temple and Tianzhu temples 5 (remain) the main tea-producing areas around the West Lake. At that time, several varieties of tea produced in the areas 6 (praise), including the Baiyun tea from Shangtianzhu Baiyun Peak, a variety favored by Biancai, who served 7 the master at Shangtianzhu Temple. At nearly 70 years old, Biancai retired from Shangtianzhu Temple and came to the Dragon Well area, 8 (bring) the Baiyun tea with him. Together with other monks, he grew tea plants at the foot of Shifeng Mountain 9 (meet) the needs of the temple. The tea planted by Biancai was the origin of Longjing tea. It marked 10 beginning of a well-known tea story. B（山西省太原市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试） In recent years, medicinal herbal tea drinks have become increasingly popular in the health market. Many hospitals now use these drinks 1 an effective treatment for minor health issues, from calming nerves and improving sleep to 2 (promote) hair growth. Some Chinese hospitals even adjust their herbal tea formulas(配方) according to 3 (season). For example, in summer the drinks often focus on cooling the body, while in winter they aim to relieve throat discomfort. 4 (base) on Chinese medicine formulas, the drinks combine modern 5 (convenient)with ancient medicinal wisdom. “I can prepare the tea by 6 (simple) boiling the dried herbs. It’s a perfect replacement for milk tea.” Guo Xiaofan shared, 7 recently used the online service of a traditional Chinese medicine hospital and 8 (offer) herbal tea. This popularity of the herbal drinks is also reflected in rising sales at traditional herb shops, including the well-known Beijing Tong Ren Tang. 9 growing number of health-conscious consumers have developed a strong interest in such tea drinks. However, experts remind the public herbal tea drinks are still a form of medicine. Therefore, 10 (ensure) safety, consumers should obtain proper prescriptions(处方) before use. 题型三、完形填空（浙江省强基联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期其中国考试） It was four o’clock in the afternoon. Bernie was tired after the long flight from America. His parents, especially his mom, Clara, insisted he come with them to England to 1 with relatives, but he just wanted to stay at home and play video games. Mrs. Pearce 2 cups of tea for everyone and offered delicate pastries. Her daughter, Serena, held her cup, with one finger in the air, as if she was trying to seem 3 . It seemed strange to Bernie that anyone would want to drink tea, yet here, drinking tea seemed to be a special 4 . Uncle Arthur 5 Bernie’s tiredness. “Jet lag, I guess. I’ll make you a special cup of tea tonight to help you rest,” he said. “Try it. It 6 well for me,” Serena added. Bernie was too tired to 7 . He was at the point of just agreeing to everything. Clara and Arthur continued their small talk, sharing 8 . Bernie managed to seem 9 , but his mind kept wandering back to his video games back home. Dinner was roast beef and apple pie with ice cream, which really captured Bernie’s heart. The delicious food made him feel a bit more 10 . As bedtime 11 , Arthur remembered his plan to make a 12 cup of tea for Bernie. By now, Bernie could 13 keep his eyes open. As he settled into his bed, Mrs. Pearce brought him the steaming cup of hot tea. “I hope you have a pleasant sleep,” said Mrs. Pearce. Bernie held the warm cup of tea in his hand and 14 gratefully. Everything was good, and the tea was 15 . 1．A．compete B．cooperate C．connect D．check 2．A．drank B．poured C．bottled D．held 3．A．elegant B．relaxed C．romantic D．adaptable 4．A．field B．event C．task D．site 5．A．imagined B．noticed C．attacked D．measured 6．A．works B．helps C．succeeds D．balances 7．A．agree B．describe C．chat D．argue 8．A．secrets B．resources C．memories D．thoughts 9．A．interested B．surprised C．pleased D．amused 10．A．at ease B．in shape C．in control D．off track 11．A．passed B．approached C．ended D．continued 12．A．full B．delicious C．hot D．special 13．A．exactly B．nearly C．hardly D．actually 14．A．welcomed B．recommended C．received D．nodded 15．A．warm B．strong C．perfect D．Clear 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 At one with nature 核心语法精练（介词+关系词引导的定语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空 2 二、完成句子 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 9 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 10 题型三 完形填空 13 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 基本结构 介词 + 关系代词（which/whom/whose）+ 定语从句（修饰先行词） 注：关系代词不可用 that 或 who，whose 前可接介词，也可省略介词直接引导 关系代词选择 - which：先行词为物时使用 - whom：先行词为人时使用 - whose：表示 “…… 的”，既可指人也可指物，结构为 “介词 + whose + 名词” 介词的确定依据 1. 与定语从句中的动词构成固定搭配（如 depend on, talk about） 2. 与先行词构成固定搭配（如 the key to, the way of） 3. 根据定语从句的意思确定（如表示 “在…… 方面” 用 in，“关于” 用 about 等） 例句示例 - 先行词为物（which）：This is the house in which I lived last year.（这是我去年住过的房子，live in 为固定搭配） - 先行词为人（whom）：The man with whom she talked is my teacher.（和她说话的人是我的老师，talk with 为固定搭配） - 表所属（whose）：He has a friend in whose house we can stay.（他有个朋友，我们可以住在他家） 注意事项 1. 介词可置于句末，此时关系代词可用 that（指物）或 who/whom（指人），也可省略：This is the house (that/which) I lived in last year. 2. 某些固定动词短语中的介词不可提前，如 look after, take care of 等：This is the baby (whom) she is looking after.（不可说 This is the baby after whom she is looking.） 一、单句语法填空 1．Rarely do her parents allow her (have) junk food for the sake of her health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The study, which (publish) in the Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, describes physical activity as a vigorous (强有力的) movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The start of a new year is a good time to reflect the progress and inadequacy of the past year. (用适当的词填空) 4．We need more feedback from (consume) in order to improve our goods. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．You’d better do some sports every day so that you can keep yourself (energy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．Living in a bilingual environment is particularly (benefit) for children’s language development. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．We came to a place which we had never paid a visit before. (用适当的词填空) 8．I visited the museum in there are many precious historical relics. (用适当的词填空) 9．The church, which the ceiling was covered with colourful designs and pictures, was pulled down by the workers last week. (用适当的词填空) 10．My teachers have given me much encouragement, which I am very grateful. (用适当的词填空) 11．Have you heard of the internet buzzword “city bu city” coined by a foreign blogger named Baobaoxiong? It’s the way tourists can ask if a place has the fashionable vibe (氛围) of a big city. (用适当的词填空) 12．The first way in science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. (用适当的词填空) 13．David was more than certain about getting his ideal job because the position for he applied was a perfect match for his skills. (用适当的词填空) 14．My aunt is the only relative with I share my personal struggles. (用适当的词填空) 15．After several months, Ryan (raise) the $2,000, which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. （所给词的适当形式填空） 16．The tool with he fixed the car is very expensive. (用适当的词填空) 17．Peter with sister I share a room in the university, has a good knowledge of computer programming. (用适当的词填空) 18．These terraces (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to Guangxi is home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．That was the day it took six hours to break my soul.（用适当的词填空） 20．Is this the room they lived last winter? （用适当的词填空） 【答案】 1．to have 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了她的健康，她的父母很少允许她吃垃圾食品。allow sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to have。 2．was published 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这项发表在《体育科学与医学杂志》上的研究将体育活动描述为一种引起出汗和沉重呼吸的剧烈运动。设空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语，结合语意可知, “发表”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，从句主语which指代先行词The study，publish与从句主语which之间是被动关系，且The study是单数，从句谓语也应使用单数形式。故填was published。 3．on/upon 【详解】考查介词。句意：新年伊始是反思过去一年的进步和不足的好时机。此处为固定短语reflect on/upon，意为“认真思考”，所以此处为介词on/upon。故填on/upon。 4．consumers 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：为了改进我们的产品，我们需要更多来自消费者的反馈。设空处作介词from的宾语，此处表示“消费者的反馈”，所以设空处应用名词consumer，表示“消费者”，为可数名词，空前无限定词，表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填consumers。 5．energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你最好每天做一些运动以使自己精力充沛。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处表示“精力充沛的”，应用形容词energetic作宾补。故填energetic。 6．beneficial 【详解】考查形容词。句意： 生活在双语环境中对孩子的语言发展尤为有利。此处为形容词作表语，benefit的形容词beneficial 意为“有益的”。故填beneficial 。 7．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们来到了一个从前没有参观过的地方。此处引导定语从句，which指代先行词place并在从句中作空处的宾语，因此空处应为介词，构成介词+关系代词which引导的定语从句，pay a visit to...为固定搭配，意为“拜访/参观……”。故填 to。 8．which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我参观了那座有许多珍贵的历史文物的博物馆。分析句子结构可知，in与设空处共同引导定语从句，the museum为先行词，关系代词在从句中作介词in的宾语，故填which。 9．of 【详解】考查介词。句意：那座教堂的天花板上布满了色彩斑斓的图案和图画，上周被工人们拆除了。此处为“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是The church，指物，把先行词还原到从句中为the ceiling of the church，表示“教堂的天花板”，关系代词which指代先行词The church，故空处应用介词of，of which the ceiling=the ceiling of which=whose ceiling。故填of。 10．for 【详解】考查介词和定语从句。句意：我的老师给了我很多鼓励，对此我很感激。be grateful for sth.为固定搭配，意为“对某事感激”。此处是把从句中的介词提到关系代词之前，构成“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填 for。 11．that/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你听说过一位名叫“保保熊”的外国博主创造的网络流行语“city不city”吗？这是游客询问一个地方是否具有大城市的时尚氛围的方式。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way，定语从句中缺少方式状语，所以可用that或in which引导定语从句，也可以省略关系词。故填that/in which。 12．which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学价值的第一种方式是大家所熟悉的：科学知识使我们能够做和制造各种各样的东西。此处是“介词+关系词”引导定语从句，先行词是way，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 13．which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大卫对获得理想工作充满信心，因为他所申请的职位完全符合他的技能要求。apply for是固定搭配，意为“申请”，这里把介词for提前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的结构，先行词是the position，在从句中作apply for的宾语，故填which。 14．whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我姑姑是我唯一可以倾诉个人烦恼的亲戚。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词是relative，指人，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。 15． had raised with 【详解】考查动词时态及定语从句。句意：几个月后，瑞安已经筹集到了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。after several months表明时间是过去，而“筹集到钱”这个动作在“建井”这个过去动作之前就已完成，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时“had + 过去分词”。第二个空处为定语从句，先行词是 “the $2,000”。正常语序是a well was built near a primary school in Uganda with the $2,000，表示“用这笔钱”，所以用with which来引导定语从句，故填had raised ；with。 16．which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他修理汽车用的工具很贵。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为the tool，且在从句中，介词提前时，其空处可使用关系代词which指代物，构成with which结构。故填which。 17．whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在大学里，我和彼得的姐姐共用一个房间，彼得精通计算机编程。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为Peter，指人，在从句中作定语，修饰名词sister，和sister之间是所属关系，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 18． were built whom 【详解】考查动词语态和定语从句。句意：这些梯田是由当地的壮族和瑶族人建造的，广西是他们的家园。 第一空，build在句中作谓语，和主语terraces之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语terraces是复数，be动词应用were，所以填were built；第二空，to为介词，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the local Zhuang and Yao people，指人，关系代词在从句中作介词to的宾语，应用whom引导该从句。故填①were built；②whom。 19．when/on which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：就是在那一天，我花了六个小时来摧毁我的灵魂。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，在此句中，“the day”是先行词，后面的“it took six hours to break my soul”是定语从句，修饰“the day”。从句中缺少时间状语，即“在那一天”，所以可以用关系副词“when 或者“介词 + 关系代词”结构“on which”来引导定语从句。故填when/on which。 20．where/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他们去年冬天住的房间吗？分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，“the room”是先行词，关系词替代先行词在后面的定语从句“they lived last winter”中作地点状语，即 “在这个房间里”，所以可以用关系副词“where”或者“介词 + 关系代词”结构“in which”来引导定语从句。故填where/in which。 二、完成句子 1．在他看来，人工智能的广泛应用会导致一些人失去工作。（lead to） In his opinion, the wide application of AI can . 2．传统的火车购票方式已经被网络购票方式取代了。（replace） buying train tickets has already the one through the Internet. 3．不到比赛的最后几秒，结果都无法确定。（doubt） The outcome was until the final seconds of the game. 4．政府在发展规划中应优先考虑环境保护。（priority） The government should in its development plans. 5．与自然融为一体是指与自然世界有一种让你感觉良好的联系。 means having a connection with the natural world that makes you feel good. 6．这种设备可以在现场将垃圾转化为清洁能源。（turn） The device can clean energy right on site. 7．他工作的工厂是这个城市最大的工厂。 The factory is the largest one in this city. 8．他父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个男孩一生中最快乐的一天。 The day is the happiest day in the boy’s life. 9．头发金色的那个女孩来自英国。 The girl is from England. 10．在黑漆漆的街上没有她可以求助的人。 There was no person to in the dark street. 11．技术加快了我们与世界各地的人进行交流的速度。 Technology has quickened the rate with people around the world. 12．你会交到一些好朋友, 他们大多数也喜欢打乒乓球。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) You will make some good friends, . 【答案】 1． lead to some people losing their jobs 【详解】考查动词原形。情态动词can后用动词原形形式，lead to sb. doing sth. (导致某人做某事)，some people (一些人)，lose one’s jobs (失去工作)，lose用动名词形式。故填lead to some people losing their jobs。 2．The traditional way/method of ；been replaced by 【详解】考查名词短语和时态。句首表示“传统的……方式”用名词短语The traditional way/method of，其后接动名词短语作宾语；表示“被……取代”用动词replace的被动语态be replaced by，be动词用过去分词been和has构成现在完成时态的被动语态。故填The traditional way/method of；been replaced by。 3． in doubt 【详解】考查介词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“无法确定”，应用介词短语in doubt，表示“不确定，怀疑”，在句中作表语。故填in doubt。 4．give priority to environmental protection 【详解】考查动词短语。表达“优先考虑”对应英文短语give priority to，为固定搭配，情态动词should后用原形；“环境保护”直接翻译为environmental protection，作宾语。故填give priority to environmental protection。 5．Being at one with nature 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“与自然融为一体”使用固定短语be at one with nature，空处作主语，表示一般性、概念性动作，使用动名词形式。故填Being at one with nature。 6．turn waste into 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“将……转化为”用代词短语turn…into，情态动词后用动词原形；表示“垃圾”用名词waste，不可数，作宾语。故填turn waste into。 7．in which he works 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意，此处需要表达“他工作的”，用来修饰先行词“The factory”。先行词为地点名词“the factory”，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，the factory可以与介词in搭配，所以此处可以使用in which引导从句，“他”为he，作主语，表示“工作”为work，结合is，句子描述的是现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称，所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式works。故填in which he works。 8．on which his father came back from abroad 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意，此处需要表达“他父亲从国外回来的”，用来修饰先行词“The day”，先行词为时间名词“the day”，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，the day可以与介词on搭配，所以此处可以使用on which引导从句，which指代先行词the day，“他父亲”译为his father作主语，表示“从国外回来”为come back from abroad，结合语境，从句的动作发生在过去，谓语动词用过去式came back。故填on which his father came back from abroad。 9．the hair of whom is golden 【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。“头发金色的”处理为修饰girl的定语从句，“头发”是“the hair”，和先行词girl之间是所属关系，根据提示要求，用of whom引导定语从句，从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语hair不可数，故表示“是”用is，“金色的”用形容词golden作表语。故填the hair of whom is golden。 10．whom she could turn for help 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，“求助”常用动词短语“turn to sb. for help”表达，此处先行词是“person”，指人，且在定语从句中作“turn to”的宾语，介词“to”可提前，构成“to whom”的结构。“她可以求助”译为“she could turn to sb for help”。故填whom she could turn for help。 11．at which we communicate 【详解】考查定语从句、动词和时态。“我们与世界各地的人进行交流”处理为修饰rate的定语从句；从句主语是we，谓语“与……交流”表达为communicate with，从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时；先行词为rate，“以……（的速度）”用介词at，代替先行词rate作介词at的宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填at which we communicate。 12．most of whom are also interested in playing table tennis 【详解】考查定语从句。此处为“介词＋关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词some good friends，表示“大多数”应用most of…，引导词作介词的宾语，先行词指人，应用whom；句子描述了客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词“喜欢”可翻译为“也对……感兴趣”，为be interested in，主语most of whom为复数，系动词应为are；“打乒乓球”为play table tennis，作介词“in”宾语应用playing。故答案为most of whom are also interested in playing table tennis。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） At the very beginning of the 1. (twenty) century, only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”， with around half the population 2. (spend) free time gardening. For many people in the UK, their garden is their own private world. While many Brits like nothing 3. (good) than cutting the grass on Sundays, some are happy just 4. (sit) and enjoy the beauty of their small world. But space in cities is limited and new 5. (solution) need to be found. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land to grow things. Today, over 4，000 people are waiting 6. such pieces of land in London. A new idea is to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have 7. (success) helped make the cities greener and improve air quality. Gardening is good for the soul as well as for the environment. No other free­time activity 8. (allow) you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things. If you have any doubt, take a moment to reflect 9. this line from The Secret Garden：“10. you tend a rose...A thistle cannot grow.” 【答案】 1. twentieth 2. spending 3. better 4. to sit 5. solutions 6.for 7. successfully 8. allows 9. on 10. Where 题型二 语法填空（模拟真题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A（河南省濮阳市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试） The Dragon Well is said to have been discovered during the Three Kingdoms period. It is known as one of the three famous springs in the West Lake areas, 1 West Lake Longjing tea is planted. The tea has its unique 2 (feature): sweet taste, beautiful appearance, green color and a rich fragrance (芳香). During the Tang Dynasty, tea planting around the West Lake in Hangzhou was 3 (large) concentrated near Lingyi n Temple and Tianzhu temples. Monks (僧人) in the temples planted tea for drinking themselves 4 treating guests as well. Over time, the tea ceremony changed from Buddhist celebrations to everyday social manners. In the following years, Lingyin Temple and Tianzhu temples 5 (remain) the main tea-producing areas around the West Lake. At that time, several varieties of tea produced in the areas 6 (praise), including the Baiyun tea from Shangtianzhu Baiyun Peak, a variety favored by Biancai, who served 7 the master at Shangtianzhu Temple. At nearly 70 years old, Biancai retired from Shangtianzhu Temple and came to the Dragon Well area, 8 (bring) the Baiyun tea with him. Together with other monks, he grew tea plants at the foot of Shifeng Mountain 9 (meet) the needs of the temple. The tea planted by Biancai was the origin of Longjing tea. It marked 10 beginning of a well-known tea story. 【答案】 1．where 2．features 3．largely 4．and 5．remained 6．were praised 7．as 8．bringing 9．to meet 10．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了龙井茶的起源及其与西湖周边寺庙的关联。 1．考查定语从句。句意：它是西湖地区三大名泉之一，西湖龙井茶就是在这里种植的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词three famous springs，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．考查名词的数。句意：这种茶有其独特的特征：味道甜，外观美，颜色绿，香气浓。feature为可数名词，此处使用名词作宾语，句中表示复数意义。故填features。 3．考查副词。句意：在唐朝，杭州西湖周边的茶叶种植主要集中在灵隐寺和天竺寺附近。此处修饰动词concentrated，应用副词largely，作状语。故填largely。 4．考查连词。句意：寺庙里的和尚种茶是为了自己喝，也是为了招待客人。结合句意表示“和，并且”可知，此处应用连词and，连接前后的drinking和treating。故填and。 5．考查动词时态。句意：在接下来的几年里，灵隐寺和天竺寺仍然是西湖周边主要的茶叶产区。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文In the following years可知应用一般过去时。故填remained。 6．考查动词时态和语态。句意：当时，该地区生产的几种茶叶受到赞誉，包括来自上天竺白云峰的白云茶，这是一种被 辩才和尚所喜欢的茶叶，他曾是上天竺寺的住持。设空处使用动词作谓语，此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文At that time可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为varieties，助动词用were。故填were praised。 7．考查介词。句意：同上。serve as表示“担任……职务”。故填as。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：年近70岁的辩才从上天竺寺退休，来到龙井地区，随身带着白云茶。句中retired为谓语动词，bring在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Biancai构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填bringing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他和其他和尚一起在狮峰山脚下种植茶树，以满足寺庙的需要。句中grew为谓语动词，meet在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处目的状语应用不定式。故填to meet。 10．考查冠词。句意：它标志着一个著名的茶故事的开始。此处特指“一个著名的茶故事的开始”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 B（山西省太原市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试） In recent years, medicinal herbal tea drinks have become increasingly popular in the health market. Many hospitals now use these drinks 1 an effective treatment for minor health issues, from calming nerves and improving sleep to 2 (promote) hair growth. Some Chinese hospitals even adjust their herbal tea formulas(配方) according to 3 (season). For example, in summer the drinks often focus on cooling the body, while in winter they aim to relieve throat discomfort. 4 (base) on Chinese medicine formulas, the drinks combine modern 5 (convenient)with ancient medicinal wisdom. “I can prepare the tea by 6 (simple) boiling the dried herbs. It’s a perfect replacement for milk tea.” Guo Xiaofan shared, 7 recently used the online service of a traditional Chinese medicine hospital and 8 (offer) herbal tea. This popularity of the herbal drinks is also reflected in rising sales at traditional herb shops, including the well-known Beijing Tong Ren Tang. 9 growing number of health-conscious consumers have developed a strong interest in such tea drinks. However, experts remind the public herbal tea drinks are still a form of medicine. Therefore, 10 (ensure) safety, consumers should obtain proper prescriptions(处方) before use. 【答案】 1．as 2．promoting 3．seasons 4．Based 5．convenience 6．simply 7．who 8．was offered 9．A 10．to ensure 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了近年来草药茶在健康市场的流行趋势情况以及专家们的建议。 1．考查介词。句意：如今，许多医院都将这些饮品用作治疗轻微健康问题的有效手段，其功效涵盖缓解紧张情绪、改善睡眠以及促进头发生长等方面。由句意此处应填介词as，意为“作为一种有效治疗的手段”，故填as。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，许多医院都将这些饮品用作治疗轻微健康问题的有效手段，其功效涵盖缓解紧张情绪、改善睡眠以及促进头发生长等方面。由句意及空前的from calming nerves and improving sleep to可知应填动名词形式，from...to...意为“从……到……”，to为介词，其后接需动名词形式，作宾语，故填promoting。 3．考查名词单复数。句意：一些中国医院还会根据季节对他们的草药茶配方进行调整。根据上下文可知应填复数形式seasons(强调不同季节)，故填seasons。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些饮品基于中医配方，既具备现代的便利性，又融合了古老的药用智慧。空处应填非谓语动词，be based on意为“依据；依赖”，此处为过去分词短语作状语且空处位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Based。 5．考查名词。句意：这些饮品基于中医配方，既具备了现代的便利性，又融合了古老的药用智慧。由句意及空前的comnbine modern可知应填名词形式convenience，作宾语，且为不可数名词，故填convenience。 6．考查副词。句意：我只需将干燥的草药放入锅中煮沸，就能泡好茶了。由句意此处应填副词形式simply，作状语，修饰boiling，故填simply。 7．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：“这简直就是奶茶的完美替代品啊。”郭晓凡说道。她最近使用了一家中医医院的在线服务，并得到了一份草药茶。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Guo Xiaofan，指人，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。 8．考查动词时态语态。句意：“这简直就是奶茶的完美替代品啊。”郭晓凡说道。她最近使用了一家中医医院的在线服务，并得到了一份草药茶。空处应填定语从句的谓语动词，与used并列，动作发生在过去且主语who与offer之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was offered。 9．考查不定冠词。句意：越来越多注重健康的消费者对这类茶饮料产生了浓厚的兴趣。a growing number of意为“越来越多的”，固定搭配，空处位于句首，故填A。 10．考查不定式。句意：因此，为了确保安全，消费者在使用前应获取相应的处方。由句意，此处应填不定式形式，作目的状语，故填to ensure。 题型三、完形填空（浙江省强基联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期其中国考试） It was four o’clock in the afternoon. Bernie was tired after the long flight from America. His parents, especially his mom, Clara, insisted he come with them to England to 1 with relatives, but he just wanted to stay at home and play video games. Mrs. Pearce 2 cups of tea for everyone and offered delicate pastries. Her daughter, Serena, held her cup, with one finger in the air, as if she was trying to seem 3 . It seemed strange to Bernie that anyone would want to drink tea, yet here, drinking tea seemed to be a special 4 . Uncle Arthur 5 Bernie’s tiredness. “Jet lag, I guess. I’ll make you a special cup of tea tonight to help you rest,” he said. “Try it. It 6 well for me,” Serena added. Bernie was too tired to 7 . He was at the point of just agreeing to everything. Clara and Arthur continued their small talk, sharing 8 . Bernie managed to seem 9 , but his mind kept wandering back to his video games back home. Dinner was roast beef and apple pie with ice cream, which really captured Bernie’s heart. The delicious food made him feel a bit more 10 . As bedtime 11 , Arthur remembered his plan to make a 12 cup of tea for Bernie. By now, Bernie could 13 keep his eyes open. As he settled into his bed, Mrs. Pearce brought him the steaming cup of hot tea. “I hope you have a pleasant sleep,” said Mrs. Pearce. Bernie held the warm cup of tea in his hand and 14 gratefully. Everything was good, and the tea was 15 . 1．A．compete B．cooperate C．connect D．check 2．A．drank B．poured C．bottled D．held 3．A．elegant B．relaxed C．romantic D．adaptable 4．A．field B．event C．task D．site 5．A．imagined B．noticed C．attacked D．measured 6．A．works B．helps C．succeeds D．balances 7．A．agree B．describe C．chat D．argue 8．A．secrets B．resources C．memories D．thoughts 9．A．interested B．surprised C．pleased D．amused 10．A．at ease B．in shape C．in control D．off track 11．A．passed B．approached C．ended D．continued 12．A．full B．delicious C．hot D．special 13．A．exactly B．nearly C．hardly D．actually 14．A．welcomed B．recommended C．received D．nodded 15．A．warm B．strong C．perfect D．Clear 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伯尼飞抵英国后与亲戚相处的经历。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父母，尤其是他的妈妈克拉拉，坚持让他和他们一起去英国与亲戚们联系，但他只想待在家里玩电子游戏。A. compete竞争；B. cooperate合作；C. connect联系；D. check检查。根据下文“with relatives”可知，父母带他去英国是为了和亲戚们建立联系，connect with relatives表示“与亲戚联系”，符合文意。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：皮尔斯太太给每个人都倒了茶，还提供了精致的糕点。A. drank喝；B. poured倒；C. bottled装瓶；D. held握住。根据下文“cups of tea for everyone”可知，皮尔斯太太是在给每个人倒茶。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的女儿塞雷娜端着杯子，一根手指翘在空中，好像试图显得优雅。A. elegant优雅的；B. relaxed放松的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. adaptable能适应的。根据下文“with one finger in the air”可知，塞雷娜想表现得优雅。故选A。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对伯尼来说，有人想喝茶似乎很奇怪，但在这里，喝茶似乎是一项特殊的活动。A. field领域；B. event既定活动；C. task任务；D. site地点。根据上文“drinking tea seemed to be a special”可知，喝茶在这里被当作一项特殊的活动。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚瑟叔叔注意到伯尼的疲惫。A. imagined想象；B. noticed注意到；C. attacked攻击；D. measured测量。根据下文“Bernie’s tiredness”和“Jet lag, I guess. I’ll make you a special cup of tea tonight to help you rest”可知，亚瑟叔叔注意到了伯尼的疲惫。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“试试吧。它对我很有效，”塞雷娜补充道。A. works起作用；B. helps帮助；C. succeeds成功；D. balances平衡。根据上文“Jet lag, I guess. I’ll make you a special cup of tea tonight to help you rest”和下文“well for”可知，亚瑟叔叔说这种茶有助于休息，塞雷娜补充说这种茶对她很有效，work well“有效，起作用”。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯尼太累了，不想争论。A. agree同意；B. describe描述；C. chat聊天；D. argue争论。根据下文“He was at the point of just agreeing to everything.”可知，伯尼太累了，不想争论，只想同意一切。故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉和亚瑟继续闲聊，分享着回忆。A. secrets秘密；B. resources资源；C. memories回忆；D. thoughts想法。根据上文“Clara and Arthur continued their small talk”可知，他们在分享一些回忆，聊过去的事情。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伯尼尽量装出感兴趣的样子，但他的思绪却不断飘回到家里的电子游戏上。A. interested感兴趣的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. pleased高兴的；D. amused娱乐的。根据下文“but his mind kept wandering back to his video games back home”可知，伯尼虽然思绪在游戏上，但还是尽量装出感兴趣的样子。故选A。 10．考查介词短语辨析。句意：美味的食物让他感觉稍微放松了一些。A. at ease放松；B. in shape处于良好状态；C. in control控制；D. off track偏离正轨。根据上文“The delicious food made him feel a bit more”可知，美味的食物让伯尼感觉稍微放松了一些。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着就寝时间的临近，亚瑟想起了给伯尼泡一杯特制茶的计划。A. passed通过；B. approached临近；C. ended结束；D. continued继续。根据上文“As bedtime”可知，随着就寝时间临近。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着就寝时间的临近，亚瑟想起了给伯尼泡一杯特制茶的计划。A. full满的；B. delicious美味的；C. hot热的；D. special特别的。根据上文“I’ll make you a special cup of tea tonight to help you rest”可知，亚瑟要给伯尼泡一杯特制的茶。故选D。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，伯尼几乎睁不开眼睛了。A. exactly恰好；B. nearly几乎；C. hardly几乎不；D. actually实际上。根据上文“By now”以及下文“As he settled into his bed”可知，伯尼现在非常困倦，几乎睁不开眼睛了。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯尼手里捧着热茶，感激地点了点头。A. welcomed欢迎；B. recommended推荐；C. received收到；D. nodded点头。根据上文““I hope you have a pleasant sleep,” said Mrs. Pearce. Bernie held the warm cup of tea in his hand and”可知，伯尼对皮尔斯夫人的关心表示感激，点头回应。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很美好，茶也很完美。A. warm温暖的；B. strong强烈的；C. perfect完美的；D. clear清晰的。根据上文“Everything was good, and the tea was”可知，伯尼觉得一切都很美好，茶也很完美。故选C。 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$