专题3.2.1 非谓语动词之-ing分词（重温高考 + 考点精析 + 易错点聚焦 + 考点集训）2026届高考英语一轮复习【语法核心突破·精讲精练】

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“非谓语动词之-ing分词”专题，依据高考评价体系梳理了作宾语/补足语、主语/表语、定语、状语及固定搭配五大考向，通过2020-2025年真题分析明确考向4（状语）和考向1（宾语/补足语）为高频考点，构建了“真题考向+句法功能+解题策略”的完整备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题精析+易错突破+思维建模”，如考向4作状语中，结合2025年北京卷“Having visited...”真题，总结“分词动作先于主句”的判断逻辑，培养学生分析句子结构的思维品质；易错点聚焦“主动被动意识”等问题，通过“burying/buried”对比案例提升语言运用能力。考点集训含单句填空、专项及高考真题综合训练，学生可高效掌握答题技巧，教师能据此精准教学，实现针对性备考。

专题3.2.1 非谓语动词之-ing分词 2026届高考英语一轮复习 【语法核心突破•精讲精练】 目录 contents 1. 重温2020-2025年高考真题 2. 考点精析 3. 书面表达中-ing分词易错点聚焦 4. 考点集训 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(-ing分词专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 考向1　-ing分词作宾语或补足语 考向2　作主语或表语 考向3　作定语 考向4　作状语 考向5　固定搭配 非谓语动词 -ing分词形式及句法功能 非谓语动词 -ing分词的核心考点 1.重温高考真题 考向1　-ing分词作宾语或补足语 单句语法填空 1. (2025年高考英语浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for ___ (people’s) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean __________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意，表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配mean doing sth.，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。 returning 2. (2023·全国高考英语I卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _________ (want) more next time. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：不论我在哪里买，一个蒸笼总是不够，但两个似乎又太贪心，所以每次我都想吃更多，但总是不够。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词。故填wanting。 wanting 3. (2023·全国高考英语II卷) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们与大量国际游客以及来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查这些大熊猫，这些大熊猫是租借自中国的。分析句子可知，此处用来修饰后面的名词Chinese zookeepers，visit和Chinese zookeepers是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用-ing主动形式。故填visiting。 visiting 4. (2021·全国高考英语甲卷) After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!  【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在花了一些时间观察城墙上的所有防御装备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在一段历史之上更好的呢！前面的“After”是介词，介词后面用动词-ing形式做宾语。故填spending。 spending 5. (2021·全国乙卷) • Minimize the impact of ________ (visit) the place. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。所给的词是动词且位于介词of后，故用动词-ing形式做宾语。故填visiting。 visiting 6. (2020·新高考全国I卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ________ (walk) through a rainforest. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：参观者除了观看展品，还可以玩电脑模拟，想象自己生活在不同的历史时期，或者穿越热带雨林。根据句子结构分析，设空处和其前的living一样，做动词的宾语。故填walking。 walking 考向2　作主语或表语 单句语法填空 1.（2025·山东·模拟预测）From bamboo slips to block chain, China’s calligraphy revolution proves that __________ (respect) cultural roots while exploring futuristic tools can build bridges across civilizations. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从竹简到区块链，中国的书法革命证明，在尊重文化根源的同时探索未来工具可以架起文明之间的桥梁。that引导的宾语从句谓语为can build，此处为非谓语动词，作主语，所以用respect“尊重”的动名词形式。故填respecting。 2.（2025·湖南长沙·模拟预测）Despite having a background in ___ (traditional) painting, Han found that _________ (apply) the theory of creating patterns on tea foam as ___ (described) in ancient documents proved quite different in practice, yet he can now deliver a piece of tea-whisking art in one take. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处用动名词短语applying the theory of creating patterns on tea foam as described in ancient documents作主语，表示“按照古代文献中描述的在茶泡沫上创造图案的理论”。故填applying。 respecting applying 3.（24-25高三下·山东聊城·阶段练习）Decorative art, ___ (which) can also be called craft, is designed not only to be visually        (appeal) but also to serve a function. 【解析】考查-ing分词转化的形容词。句意：装饰艺术，也叫装饰工艺，其设计不仅要在视觉上产生吸引力，同时也要发挥一定功能。根据设空前的 be 和副词 visually 可知，visually修饰设空单词，设空单词是表语，所以用形容词形式。故填appealing。 4. （24-25高三下·福建厦门·阶段练习）The team is working hard day and night so that they can find the best solution to the problem, which has been long ________ the medical community. 【解析】考查-ing分词转化的形容词。句意：团队夜以继日地努力工作，以便他们能够找到困扰医学界已久的最佳解决方案。根据设空前的has been 和副词 long可知，long修饰设空单词，设空单词是表语，所以用形容词形式。故填appealing。 appealing puzzling 1. (2023年高考英语北京卷)She called for action      (to address) the struggles of people around the world      (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 facing 考向3　作定语 单句语法填空 2. (2022·新高考全国II卷) When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _______ (fall) child.  【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到一个小孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，亨利跑了100米，跳过1.2米高的栅栏，张开双臂接住了掉落的孩子。句中已经出现了谓语动词，所以此处用非谓语形式；中心词child与fall之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式做定语。故用falling。 falling 3. (2021·全国I卷) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ________ (ache) legs. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然它是你上山途中唯一的非自然之物，但它依然为整个冒险增添了亮点，并提供了一个可以坐下来休息你酸痛双腿的地方。此处需要用过去分词作定语，修饰legs，表示“疼痛的腿”，ache和legs是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填aching。 aching 考向4　作状语 单句语法填空 1.(2025年高考英语北京卷)When ___________ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填travel(l)ing。 2. (2024年高考英语北京卷)Just then, some kids ran at him, _________ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 travel(l)ing knocking 3. (2024·新课标全国II卷) _________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ___ (and) see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 Recalling 4. (2023·高考英语全国甲卷) “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, ___________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词begins，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 borrowing 5. (2023·高考英语全国乙卷) ______________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句中时间状语来判断，应用完成时形式。另外，这里是非谓语做状语，表示主语的另一个动作，但这个动作发生在谓语动词之前，故用-ing完成式。故填having visited。 Having visited 6. (2022·高考英语全国I卷) _________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 Covering 7. (2021·高考英语全国II卷) I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, _________ (think) it is food.  【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构可知，所填的词用做状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。故填thinking。 thinking 考向5　固定搭配 单句语法填空 1. (2023·高考英语全国乙卷) As a photographer, I have spent the last two years __________ (record) everything I discovered. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个摄影师，我花了两年的时间记录我发现的一切。这里考查固定搭配spend ... (in) doing...。故填recording。 recording 2.（2024-2025学年福建厦门高三下）“I really want to make this work for ___ (people’s) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean             (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：“我真的想让这个服务贴近人们当下的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在特别的周末之后，周一就把裙子还回来，”她说。mean doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“意味着做某事”。故填returning。 returning 3. (2024-2025高三下广东期末)Australia’s culture and lifestyle offer a rich picture worth            (explore). 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从土著根源到当代多元文化社会，澳大利亚的文化和生活方式呈现出一幅值得探索的丰富图景，此空考查be worth doing…，为固定搭配，意为“值得做”。故填exploring。 4. (2024-2025高三下甘肃天水)While you sleep at night, your brain is busy ______ its “homework”. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你晚上睡觉时，你的大脑正在忙着做“作业”。此空考查be busy (in) doing…，为固定搭配，意为“忙着做......”。故填doing。 doing exploring 非谓语动词的形式及句法功能 种类 时态 主动 被动 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 不定式 一般式 进行式 完成式 动名词 一般式 完成式 分词 现在 一般式 完成式 过去 一般式 2. 考点精析 to do to be done to be doing × to have done to have been done doing being done having done having been done doing being done having done having been done done(vi.)表完成 done(vt.)表被动与完成 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ × × × × × × 非谓语动词：-ing分词的核心考点 1. 非谓语动词作主语 1)-ing分词做主语时，应该判断为动名词。动名词是由动词变化而来，所以动名词的意义也是表示某个动作或事情。例如： Reading scientific papers in English is challenging but rewarding. 阅读英语科学论文具有挑战性，但很有收获。 Cheating on an exam can damage your academic reputation forever. 考试作弊可能会永久损害你的学术声誉。 2)动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用“It is…”和 “There is…”两种句式来表示。例如: It is no use / no good having money if you don’t have health.(动名词短语作主语，it作形式主语) 有钱无健康，再好也无用。 There is no joking when it comes to national security. (该句是倒装句，动名词短语是主语) 涉及国家安全时，容不得半点玩笑。 3)动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如: It was no use arguing with the referee -- his decision was final. (抽象) He came to realize that to go on like this was no use. (具体) 4)在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列情况中不能互换：当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如 ： Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe. Teaching is learning twice. = To teach is to learn twice. Giving is receiving. = To give is to receive. 5)动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替: It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 2. 非谓语动词--动名词做宾语 (1)动词admit, appreciate, avoid, consider (考虑), delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, risk, resist, suggest等后要接动名词作宾语。 I would normally suggest taking time off work, but in this instance I’m not sure that would do any good. I can’t imagine sitting in traffic, getting stressed out. The suspect finally admitted stealing the money after constant investigation. The company appreciates being considered for this project. She barely escaped being punished for the mistake. (2)动词短语can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, insist on, look forward to, put off, devote...to, object to, be busy (in), get down to, have difficulty/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), have fun等后要接动名词作宾语。 Many old people find they have great difficulty (in) adapting themselves to the changing times. Jane is my new pen pal, I often look forward to receiving her e-mail. We never feel like doing housework on Sundays, but sleep. Many students would like to give up studying when they encounter difficulties, but perseverance is the key to success. Many international students have a hard time (in) adjusting to the fast-paced teaching style at first. The puppies are having great fun chasing each other in the yard. 注意：动词后面只能接动名词做宾语的顺口溜：建议完成多练习(suggest, advise, finish, practice)，避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, delay)，承认喜欢和原谅(admit, enjoy, like, love, forgive, excuse, pardon)，允许想象需欣赏(allow, imagine, appreciate)，反对逃脱与冒险( mind, escape, risk)，考虑抵制要继续( consider, resist, keep)，厌倦拖延别放弃(be tired of, put off, give up)，期望坚持定成功(look forward to, insist on, stick to, succeed in)。 We had barely finished cleaning up the party mess when more friends showed up. 我们刚清理完派对残局，更多朋友就来了。 Would you mind opening up about your creative process? 你愿意分享一下你的创作过程吗？ They enjoyed working at the pace of seasonal changes rather than deadlines. 他们喜欢按照季节变化的节奏工作，而非截止日期。 Stick to doing what you love, and you’ll never work a day in your life. 坚持做热爱的事，人生就不会觉得在工作。 (3)with＋宾语＋ -ing分词(宾补) 表示某个动作正在进行或某个状态正在持续。如: With tears streaming down his face, the boy admitted breaking the vase. 泪水顺着脸颊流下，男孩承认打碎了花瓶。 With sweat dripping into her eyes, the boxer struggled to see her opponent. 汗水滴进她的眼睛，拳击手难以看清对手。 With rain pounding against the windows, we canceled our picnic plans. 雨水猛烈敲打窗户，我们取消了野餐计划。 正如进行时态有时可以表示将来意义一样，有时“现在分词”也可表示将来意义。如: With population aging accelerating, healthcare systems will face unprecedented pressure. 随着人口老龄化加速，医疗系统将面临空前压力。 With the conference starting tomorrow, all staff must prepare their materials tonight. 随着会议明日开始，所有员工今晚必须准备好材料。 With AI developing at this speed, many jobs will become obsolete soon. 以AI当前的发展速度，许多职业将很快被淘汰。 (4)介词后要接动名词作宾语，如：what about, how about, be fond of, be good at等的介词后接动名词。注意on/upon doing sth. = as soon as引导的从句，作此意讲时on/upon后也可以接名词。 On his arrival of / On arriving at the airport, the president was greeted by cheering crowds. 总统一抵达机场就受到人群欢呼迎接。 注意： ①表示一种倾向或习惯，多接动名词作宾语；表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接不定式作宾语。 We enjoy hiking in the mountains on weekends. 我们周末喜欢去山里徒步。 ②want, require, need表“需要”讲，主语为表物的名词时，后用不定式，要用其被动形式；用动名词，用其主动形式(表被动意义)。 The old house required to be repaired. The old house required repairing. 3. 非谓语动词--现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语可表示 时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随、让步 等逻辑关系，通常位于句首或句尾，用逗号隔开。①一般式doing：表示动作和谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生，与句子的主语是主动关系。②完成式having done：表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，与句子主语是主动关系。③被动式having been done：表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，与句子的主语是被动关系。 (1) 表示时间（相当于时间状语从句） Hearing the news, she burst into tears.（= When she heard the news...） 听到消息时，她突然哭了。 Turning the corner, we saw a stunning sunset.（= When we turned the corner...） 拐过街角，我们看到了壮丽的日落。 (2) 表示原因（相当于原因状语从句） Being a doctor, he knew the symptoms were serious.（= Because he was a doctor...） 作为医生，他知道症状很严重。 Not understanding the question, the student remained silent.（= As he didn’t understand ...） 因为不懂问题，学生保持沉默。 (3) 表示条件（相当于条件状语从句） Working hard, you will pass the exam.（= If you work hard...） 如果努力学习，你会通过考试。 Using this app, you can learn vocabulary faster.（= If you use this app...） 使用这个应用，你能更快背单词。 (4) 表示伴随（无对应从句，需用并列结构） She walked down the street, humming a song. 她走在街上，哼着歌。 The children ran into the classroom, laughing loudly. 孩子们跑进教室，大声笑着。 (5) 表示结果（自然产生的结果） The bomb exploded, destroying three buildings. 炸弹爆炸，摧毁了三栋楼。 He fell off the bike, breaking his arm. 他从自行车上摔下，手臂骨折。 (6) 表示让步（相当于让步状语从句） Knowing the risks, he still went skydiving.（= Although he knew the risks...） 尽管知道风险，他仍去跳伞了。 Having little money, she donated to charity.（= Though she had little money...） 虽然钱不多，她还是捐给了慈善机构。 特殊结构 1. 完成式（having done） 强调分词动作发生在主句之前： Having finished the report, she submitted it immediately. 完成报告后，她立刻提交了。 Not having slept well, he felt dizzy. 因为没睡好，他感到头晕。 2. 被动式（being done/having been done） Being criticized, the child started crying. 被批评后，孩子哭了起来。 Having been warned many times, he still didn’t change. 尽管被警告多次，他仍未改变。 3. 否定形式（not + V-ing） Not knowing the answer, I kept silent. 因为不知道答案，我保持沉默。 Not having prepared, he failed the interview. 由于没准备，他面试失败了。 4. 非谓语动词作定语 ①动名词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。如: reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 鱼杆 flying suit 飞行服 writing table 写字台 listening practice 听力训练 ②现在分词作定语主要是用来修饰正在进行的动作，说明被修饰名词的特征。现在分词主动形式(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行；单个的-ing分词放在修饰词的前面，-ing分词短语则放在修饰词的后面。现在分词被动形式(补语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，表示该动作的被动和进行。 There are various conservation projects underway, with a wide range of initiatives taking place across the country. That was one of the most controversial theories being debated in the conference. 现在分词作定语，多表主动和进行的含义。有别于过去分词，表被动含义。请体会下两句： The singer entered, following some news reporters. 歌手跟着一些新闻记者进来了。（歌手在记者之前） The singer entered, followed by some news reporters.歌手被一些新闻记者跟着进来了。（歌手在记者之后） 又如： Her encouraging words motivated the team. (encouraging 修饰words，表示“鼓励的话语”) Anyone knowing the answer should raise their hand. (knowing the answer 修饰Anyone，表示“了解答案的任何人”） His inspiring speech moved the audience to tears. (inspiring 修饰speech，表示“鼓舞人心的演讲”） 5. 非谓语动词-ing分词作表语 -ing分词作表语（即现在分词作表语）用于说明主语的性质、特征或状态，通常与系动词（如 be, seem, become, remain 等）连用。 【注意区分】 现在分词作表语（描述主语的内在特性） 进行时态（强调正在进行的动作） (1)表示主语的性质或特征 结构：主语 + be动词 + -ing分词 + [补充说明] The news is shocking.（这消息令人震惊。） → shocking 描述“news” 的本质属性。 Her explanation was confusing.（她的解释令人困惑。） → confusing 说明解释的特点。 The situation remains worrying.（局势依然令人担忧。） → worrying 强调持续的状态。 2. 表示职业、功能或主要内容 结构：主语（任务/职责） + be动词 + -ing分词短语 His job is designing websites for startups.（他的工作是为初创公司设计网站。） → designing 说明工作内容。 The key to success is persevering through challenges.（成功的关键是坚持克服挑战。） → persevering 描述核心方法。 3. 情感类分词（修饰事物） 规则：-ing分词修饰物，-ed分词修饰人 The book is fascinating.（这本书很有趣。） → 书本身具有吸引力。 We are fascinated by the plot.（我们对剧情着迷。） → 人的感受用过去分词。 4.现在分词或过去分词作表语时，通常为分词化的形容词。 This story he told us is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。 The problem at the meeting is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。 注：be + -ing 还可能是进行时态，如： Something is moving under the bed. 床下有东西在动。 现在分词（修饰物） 过去分词（修饰人） 【规则】-ing分词修饰物，-ed分词修饰人 The results are disappointing.(结果令人失望。) I’m disappointed. (我感到失望。) The speech was inspiring.(演讲鼓舞人心。) They felt inspired. (他们受到鼓舞。) 特殊结构与高级用法 1. What/It + be动词 + -ing分词 What’s most tiring is commuting for two hours every day. 最累的是每天通勤两小时。 It’s embarrassing to forget someone’s name right after meeting them. 刚见面就忘记对方的名字很尴尬。） 2. 双重现在分词（强调持续状态） The most frustrating part is waiting without any updates. 最令人沮丧的是毫无进展地等待。） 3. 与不定式作表语的区别 -ing分词作表语 不定式作表语 强调习惯性、持续性的活动： Her hobby is painting. 她爱好绘画。 强调具体、一次性的目标： Her goal is to paint a portrait. 她的目标是画一幅肖像。 3.书面表达中动词-ing形式易错点聚焦 1. 缺少非谓语动词的主动与被动意识 The boy lay on the beach, with his body burying in the sand. The boy lay on the beach, with his body buried in the sand. (误) (正) The research paper is worth reading. The research paper is worth being read. The research paper is worthy of being read. It’s worthwhile being read the research paper. It’s worthwhile doing something well. (正) (正) (正) (误) (误) 2. 缺少搭配意识 He stopped to smoke after 20 years for health reasons. He stopped smoking after 20 years for health reasons. Your car’s engine requires to check after the long trip. Your car’s engine requires checking after the long trip. Your car’s engine requires to be checked after the long trip. (误) (正) (误) (正) (正) 3. 缺少前后主语一致意识 Before handing in your test paper, it is necessary to go over the whole paper. Before handing in your test paper, you should go over the whole paper. Before you hand in your test paper, you should go over the whole paper. (误) (正) (正) 4. 缺少结构意识 Circumstances permit, we’ll launch the product in June. Circumstances permitting, we’ll launch the product in June. If circumstances permit, we’ll launch the product in June. Having not been taught the basics, she struggled with advanced math. Not having been taught the basics, she struggled with advanced math. As she hasn’t been taught the basics, she struggled with advanced math. (误) (误) (正) (正) (正) (正) 4. 考 点 集 训 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. The police car sped down the street, with three motorcycles _______ (follow) in pursuit. 【解析】following 考查 “with+复合宾语”结构。three motorcycles与 follow 之间是主动关系。应该用现在分词。故填following。 2. The doctor suggested _______ (start) a low-sugar diet to improve her health. 【解析】starting 考查动名词。consider后面可以接两种形式，consider + sb. to do / to be ...和consider + doing ...。这里考查第二种用法。故填starting。 3. The dispute is far from _______ (settle) peacefully, so it has to be discussed again at tomorrow’s meeting. 【解析】being settled 考查动名词做介词宾语。介词 from 后应用动词的-ing 形式，且 settle 与 dispute 之间存在着被动关系，故填being settled。 4. The kids had a great time _______ (build) sandcastles on the beach, chasing seagulls, and collecting colorful seashells. 【解析】building 考查动名词做介词宾语。have a (good/great) time (in) doing ... 意为“在......玩得很高兴”。因此应用动名词形式，也可以根据后面的两个-ing 形式来判断。故填building。 5. The professor emphasized the students’ _______ (review) the material before the exam. 【解析】reviewing 考查动名词复合结构做宾语。句意：教授强调学生在考前复习资料的重要性。很明显答语在结构上缺少宾语。-ing与前面的the students’构成动名词复合结构，在此处用作宾语。故填reviewing。 6. I really appreciate _______ (have) the opportunity to work with such a talented team. 【解析】having 考查动名词做宾语。句意：我非常感激有机会与如此优秀的团队共事。appreciate, enjoy, finish, avoid等动词后常用动词的-ing 形式充当宾语。故填having。 7. _______ (save) enough money for a down payment, they finally bought their dream house. 【解析】Having saved 考查现在分词充当原因状语。句意：因为攒够了首付，他们终于买下了梦想中的房子。save这一动作发生在主句动作之前,且动作发出者为主句的主语Jane，和是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填Having saved。 8. Trust is _______ (build) between the two companies through transparent collaboration. 【解析】being built 考查非谓语动词充当谓语。句意：通过透明的合作，两家公司之间正在建立信任。此空用-ing分词的被动形式表示正在进行的被动动作，build与trust存在被动关系，应该用现在分词被动形式。故填being built。 9. The teacher entered the classroom, _______ (stand) by the door to greet each student. 【解析】standing 考查现在分词做伴随状语。句意：老师走进教室，站在门边问候每个学生。此空和前面的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，应该用现在分词。故填standing。 10. The river overflowed after days of heavy rain, _______ (reach) flood levels that submerged nearby farmland. 【解析】reaching 考查现在分词做结果状语。句意：连日暴雨导致河水泛滥，结果水位升至洪水线，淹没了附近农田。此空用现在分词做结果状语，相当于一个状语从句so that it reached ...。故填reaching。 II.语法填空原创(非谓语动词-ing分词专练) Devastating Earthquake Strikes Kamchatka Peninsula On July 30, 2025, a massive 8.7-magnitude earthquake rocked the Kamchatka Peninsula, 1 (trigger) widespread panic and 2 (cause) significant damage. The shallow quake, 3 (occur) at a depth of only 10-20 km, was the strongest in the region since 1952, 4 (release) enormous structural energy. The disaster resulted in 3-4 meter-high tsunamis, 5 (flood) coastal towns and 6 (destroy) fishing facilities in Severo-Kurilsk. Authorities responding swiftly evacuated thousands, preventing major casualties despite infrastructure damage. Meanwhile, the tremors (微震) 7 (affect) volcanic activity heightened fears of eruptions, 8 (add) to the crisis. Scientists monitoring aftershocks warn of possible 7.5-magnitude quakes, 9 (urge) continued alertness. This disaster 10 (highlight) Kamchatka’s seismic vulnerability calls for stronger preparation globally. 【导语】这篇英语短文报道了2025年7月30日发生在俄罗斯堪察加半岛的8.7级大地震。文章描述了地震的基本情况、引发的海啸灾害、当局的应急响应以及对未来余震的预警，最后强调了加强全球地震防范的重要性。 1. triggering 考查非谓语动词，表自然结果。句意：引发了广泛的恐慌并造成重大损失。现在分词作结果状语，表示地震“引发”的连带后果。 2. causing 考查非谓语动词，并列分词结构。句意同上。与triggering并列做结果状语，强调“导致”物质损失。trigger侧重突然引发，cause强调直接导致。 3. occurring 考查现在分词。句意：发生在仅10-20公里的浅层。现在分词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词The shallow quake，相当于定语从句which occurred。 4. releasing 考查现在分词，结果状语。句意：释放了巨大的构造能量。用现在分词强调能量释放是地震的必然结果。structural energy (构造能量)是地质学术语。 5. flooding 考查现在分词，作结果状语。海啸导致“淹没”的动态过程，tsunamis与flooding是逻辑的主谓关系，故用flooding。 6. destroying 考查现在分词，作结果状语。此空与flooding并列，在句中做结果状语，显示破坏程度递进。 7. affecting 考查现在分词，作后置定语。修饰tremors，表示其发出的动作，相当于which affect。 8. adding 考查现在分词，作结果状语。此空用作结果状语，表示“加剧”危机的附加效果。修辞：现在分词使多个灾害影响形成连锁反应。 9. urging 考查现在分词，做伴随状语。此空用作伴随状语，说明科学家“敦促”的伴随动作。 10. highlighting 考查现在分词，作后置定语。现在分词作定语修饰disaster，相当于which highlights。 III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2020年6月浙江高考）Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ____, through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. Farming produced more food per person ______ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food ____________ (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change) lives. By about 6000 BC, people _______________ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the ________ (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, _________ (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with _____ rise of science, changes began. New methods _______ (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age. in what than was needed to change had discovered seasons making the meant 【导语】这篇文章讲述了人类从公元前10,000年左右开始发展农业，逐步摆脱依赖狩猎和采集的生活方式，转向种植作物和驯养动物的过程。农业提高了粮食产量，促进了人口增长，同时也推动了技术进步。文章还提到，随着科学的发展，农业方式不断革新，尤其是近现代机械化和化肥的使用彻底改变了传统农业模式。 1. in 考查介词固定短语搭配。句意: 人类首次尝试通过农业控制他们所生活的世界。control the world they lived in是固定搭配，表示“他们生活的世界”。介词 in 不可省略，因为“live in the world”是完整结构，定语从句中关系代词 that/which 被省略，但介词需保留。 2. what 考查宾语从句引导词。句意: 他们开始减少对野外狩猎或采集的依赖，更多依靠自己饲养的动物和种植的作物。此处为 depend less on + “宾语从句” 结构，从句中缺少引导词，且同时在句中做主语。what = the things that，相当于“可被狩猎或采集的东西”，引导名词性从句作介词 on 的宾语。 3. than 考查比较级结构。句意: 农业比狩猎和采集能生产更多人均食物。固定搭配 more ... than，表示“比……更多”。比较对象：Farming produced more food than hunting and gathering. 4. was needed 考查一般过去时被动语态。句意: 随着更多孩子出生，需要更多食物。主语 more food 与动词 need 是被动关系(食物被需要)。时间背景为过去（上下文时态一致），故用一般过去时的被动语态 was needed。 5. to change 考查不定式作定语。句意: 农业让人类首次体验到技术改变生活的力量。不定式 to change 修饰名词 power，表示“改变生活的力量”。类似结构：the ability to solve problems (解决问题的能力)。 6. had discovered 考查过去完成时。句意: 到公元前6000年左右，人们已经发现了最适合种植的作物和驯养的动物。时间状语 By about 6000 BC (“到……为止”)提示动作发生在“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时 had discovered。 7. seasons 考查名词复数。句意: 后来，他们学会了顺应季节劳作。根据语境逻辑，农业需适应多个季节(春耕、秋收等)，故用复数 seasons。 8. making 考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意: 在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水灌溉农田。分词短语 making use of... 与主句动作learned to work 同时发生，作伴随状语。并列结构：planting at the right time and making use of floods... 9. the 考查定冠词表特指。句意: 随着科学的兴起，变化开始发生。the rise of science 特指“科学的兴起”，需加定冠词 the。 10. meant 考查一般过去时。句意: 新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。全文时态为过去时(如 were able, had discovered)，根据时态一致原则，此处描述过去事实，用一般过去时 meant。 $$