Unit 4 Friends forever 永远的朋友（话题阅读精练）英语外研版2019必修第一册

Unit 4 Friends forever 永远的朋友 话题阅读精练 时文拓展阅读 A Trans-Pacific Pen Pal Friendship The friendship between Chinese-American pen pals Huang Yicheng and Carla Dillikov Canales transcends the obstacles of language and culture. They share lives through letters, with Huang teaching Carla Chinese vocabulary like “知音” (zhī yīn, bosom friend) and Carla introducing American culture to Huang. Their friendship began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou in 2023. Huang greeted Carla in English, and they exchanged gifts—Huang gave a Tulou model, while Carla presented a smartwatch. Since then, they have discussed music, studies, and family through letters, even publishing their friendship story in The New York Times. This friendship proves that sincere communication can go beyond borders. Huang said, “We listen to each other and share happiness.” They plan to meet again in the future to continue this cross-Pacific bond. 语篇翻译： 中美笔友黄奕诚与卡拉・迪利科夫・卡纳莱斯的友谊跨越了语言和文化障碍。他们通过书信分享生活，黄奕诚教卡拉中文词汇，如 “知音”（bosom friend），卡拉则向黄奕诚介绍美国文化。 两人的友谊始于 2023 年漳州的偶遇。黄奕诚用英语问候卡拉，随后互赠礼物——黄奕诚送出土楼模型，卡拉回赠电话手表。此后，他们通过信件讨论音乐、学习和家庭，甚至在《纽约时报》上发表文章分享友谊故事。 这段友谊证明，真诚的交流能超越国界。黄奕诚说：“我们互相倾听，分享快乐。” 他们计划未来再次见面，继续这段跨越太平洋的情谊。 重点词汇： · trans-Pacific (/ˌtrænz pəˈsɪfɪk/) adj. 跨太平洋的 · bosom friend (/ˈbʊzəm frend/) 知音；挚友 · encounter (/ɪnˈkaʊntər/) n. 偶遇；邂逅 · authentic (/ɔːˈθentɪk/) adj. 真诚的；真实的 · boundary (/ˈbaʊndri/) n. 边界；界限 长难句分析： “Their friendship, which began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou, has proven that sincere communication can transcend national borders.” 抓标志：“which”（非限制性定语从句连词），“that”（宾语从句连词） 判类型：复合句（主句：Their friendship has proven that...），包含非限制性定语从句（which 引导）和宾语从句（that 引导） 试翻译：这段始于漳州偶遇的友谊证明，真诚交流能跨越国界。 高考真题链接 （2021·全国甲卷·高考真题C篇）When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery. Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up. When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.” “Yeah,” I said. “Safe.” 28．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A．He felt disappointed. B．He gave up his hobby. C．He liked the weather there. D．He had disagreements with his family. 29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don’t worry! 30．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London? A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends. C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days 31．What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A．Children should learn a second language. B．Sport is necessary for children’s health. C．Children need a sense of belonging D．Seeing the world is a must for children. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。 28．A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧。故选A。 29．B 【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!”(几分钟后，当我学会这个技巧时，我的朋友们敲着他们的板子大声喊道：“做得好！做得好！做得好！)”以及后文“And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义。故选B。 30．D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好!”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆。故选D。 31．C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。直到我有了一个发现)”以及文章第二段“Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters.(泰晤士河东段的南岸，是英国滑板运动的中心，在那里，滑板不断的碰撞声让你的脑袋嗡嗡作响。我喜欢那里。我很快就和当地的滑板手交了朋友)”及文章倒数第二段“When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up.(我15岁时，我全家搬到了华盛顿。我试着在那里玩滑板，但当地人远不那么热情。几年之内，我就放弃了)”以及文章最后一段“When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring.(当我2004年回到伦敦时，我发现自己在南岸闲逛，在那里呆了几个小时。从那以后，我已经回去好几次了，最近一次是今年春天)”可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的。故选C。 1. “Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.” 抓标志：介词 “without”，从属连词 “until” 判类型：第一句中，“Without... days” 为介词短语作原因状语，主句为 “I felt at a loss and out of place”（“felt” 后接并列形容词短语作表语）；第二句为省略句，“until” 引导时间状语从句，完整形式可理解为 “I didn’t feel better until I made a discovery”。 试翻译：没有了我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到迷茫又格格不入。直到我有了一个发现。 2. “Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.” 抓标志：关系副词 “where” 判类型：主句为 “Southbank... is the center of British skateboarding”，“at an eastern bend in the Thames” 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 “Southbank”；“where” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 “Southbank”，在从句中作地点状语，从句中 “left your head ringing” 为 “leave + 宾语 + 现在分词宾补” 结构。 试翻译：泰晤士河东岸的南岸是英国滑板运动的中心，那里滑板不断的撞击声让你头晕眼花。 pack up：收拾行李 land the trick：完成技巧动作 beat their boards：敲击他们的滑板 rush by：飞奔而过 catch a few glances：瞥了几眼 settle into：适应；习惯 at a loss：迷茫；不知所措 out of place：格格不入；不自在 综合实战演练 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·内蒙古包头·期末）Do phone calls from long-lost friends really excite you? You’re not alone. A new study finds people often underestimate how much their old friends will appreciate receiving a call from them out of the blue. Meanwhile, the friend getting the call places a much higher value on the surprise social interaction. “People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy bonding with others,” explains lead author Peggy Liu, PhD, from the University of Pittsburgh, in a media release. Researchers conducted several experiments involving over 5,900 people to look at what factors play into the amount of appreciation someone feels when others contact them. In one experiment, researchers asked half of the participants to remember the last time they contacted someone in their social circle after not speaking with them for a really long time. The rest of the group took the opposite approach, remembering when a long-lost friend reached them by phone. The two groups then had to rate on a seven-point scale (1 meaning “not at all” and 7 meaning “to a great extent”) how much the person receiving this communication appreciated, or felt grateful, or pleased about the message. For people making the call, this meant guessing how much their friend enjoyed hearing from them. For the people receiving the call, they simply had to rate how much they appreciated hearing from a long-lost pal. Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared. “I sometimes hesitate before contacting people in my social circle for a variety of reasons. When that happens, I think about these research findings and remind myself that other people may also want to reach me and hesitate for the same reasons,” Liu concludes. “I then tell myself that I would appreciate it so much if they reached me and that there is no reason to think they would not similarly appreciate my reaching them.” 1．Which of the following best explains “out of the blue” underlined in paragraph 1? A．Delightedly. B．Instantly. C．Regularly. D．Unexpectedly. 2．What are the researchers’ conclusions based on? A．The comparison between the data from two groups. B．Their observation of social interaction among participants. C．Their analysis of participants’ attachment to their old friends. D．Their investigation into the social connections of participants. 3．What can we learn about the participants reaching their friends? A．They tended to be more sociable. B．They expressed different grades of gratitude. C．Their friends might hesitate to contact them for various reasons. D．Their friends were more grateful for their calls than they had expected. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Improve Your Communication Skills. B．Observe the Law of Social Interaction. C．Have No Hesitation in Reaching Your Friend. D．Promote a Closer Friendship by Calling Your Friend. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项新研究发现，人们常低估久未联系的朋友对突然来电的欣喜，而接电话者更看重这种意外社交互动。研究者通过实验证实此现象，作者也分享了自身感悟。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“surprise social interaction(意外的社交互动)”可知，研究发现人们常低估老朋友对突然来电的感激程度，故划线词意思是“意外地”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In one experiment, researchers asked half of the participants to remember the last time they contacted someone in their social circle after not speaking with them for a really long time. The rest of the group took the opposite approach, remembering when a long-lost friend reached them by phone.(在一项实验中，研究人员让一半的参与者回忆一下自己在与某位社交圈内的人长时间未联系之后，最后一次与他们取得联系的时间。而另一半参与者则采取了相反的方法，即回忆起一位久未联系的朋友通过电话联系自己的时间)”以及第三段“Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared.(研究结果表明，当对两组人群进行比较时，联系到朋友的一方明显低估了朋友对自己消息的重视程度)”可知，研究人员得出的结论是基于对两组数据的比较。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared.(研究结果表明，当对两组人群进行比较时，联系到朋友的一方明显低估了朋友对自己消息的重视程度)”可知，参与者的朋友对他们的来电表达的感激之情比他们原本预期的要多。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Do phone calls from long-lost friends really excite you? You’re not alone. A new study finds people often underestimate how much their old friends will appreciate receiving a call from them out of the blue. Meanwhile, the friend getting the call places a much higher value on the surprise social interaction.(与久未谋面的朋友打个电话，真的会让你感到兴奋吗？你并非个例。一项新的研究发现，人们往往低估了那些久未联系的朋友收到自己突然打来的电话时会有多么感激。与此同时，接到电话的朋友则更看重这种突如其来的社交互动所带来的惊喜感)”结合文章主要说明了一项新研究发现，人们常低估久未联系的朋友对突然来电的欣喜，而接电话者更看重这种意外社交互动。研究者通过实验证实此现象，作者也分享了自身感悟。可知，C选项“有需要就毫不犹豫地联系你的朋友”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·宁夏中卫·阶段练习）When we were very small, we realized that having friends was important. Some of us even had imaginary (想象中的) friends. The need for friends continued as we grew into our teens. Friends played a big part in forming our personalities (性格). As adults, it is still important for us to have friends. True friends are people who like us though we made mistakes and who listen to us and tell us the truth. Friends support our decisions and tell us when we’re foolish. They laugh with us and share our sadness. They are our partners and share interests with us. They stimulate us when we are feeling upset. They are people we aren’t afraid of telling our secret wishes to or what is really on our minds. Friends are our supporters. When you can depend on friends, you feel safe and warm. Friends offer acceptance and emotional (情感的) support. At times, they also help with our everyday lives, cooking a meal, doing chores, or giving us a lift when we need one. Friends also are there to offer advice, an ear to listen, or a shoulder to cry on. Friends also help us reduce stress (压力). Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also discuss what is stressing us. Sharing interests and doing activities with friends help us forget about problems at work or at home. For a short time, we can lose ourselves in a pleasant activity and perhaps laugh and breathe more easily. 1．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Reduce Stress. B．How to Make New Friends. C．The Importance of Friends. D．The Qualities of Good Friends. 2．The underlined word “stimulate” in Paragraph 2 probably means________. A．educate. B．encourage. C．surprise. D．dislike. 3．We can learn from the third paragraph that friends always________. A．laugh at us when we’re foolish. B．tell us other people’s secrets. C．share our sadness and interests. D．support us when we need help. 4．When friends help us reduce stress, they do all the following EXCEPT ________. A．listening to us when we feel stressed. B．discussing what is stressing us. C．helping us forget about problems at work or at home by sharing interests and doing activities together. D．giving us a lot of money to solve our stress problems. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍朋友在不同人生阶段的重要性及真正朋友的意义。 1．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段讲述不同人生阶段都需要朋友，后三段分别从真正朋友的特质、朋友的支持作用、帮助减压等方面阐述朋友的重要性，可知文章围绕朋友的重要性展开，所以标题“朋友的重要性”适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“True friends are people who like us though we made mistakes and who listen to us and tell us the truth. Friends support our decisions and tell us when we’re foolish. They laugh with us and share our sadness. They are our partners and share interests with us.(真正的朋友，是那些即便我们犯了错也照样喜欢我们的人，是那些会倾听我们心声、还会对我们讲真话的人。朋友会支持我们的决定，在我们做傻事时也会直言相告。他们会和我们一起开怀大笑，也会分担我们的忧愁。他们是我们的同伴，和我们有着共同的爱好。)”可知，本段介绍的是朋友的作用，结合划线单词所在的句子“They stimulate us when we are feeling upset.(当我们感到沮丧时，他们会……我们。)”可知，朋友在我们失落时应是给予鼓励，所以“stimulate”与“encourage”意思相近。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Friends are our supporters. When you can depend on friends, you feel safe and warm. Friends offer acceptance and emotional (情感的) support. At times, they also help with our everyday lives, cooking a meal, doing chores, or giving us a lift when we need one. Friends also are there to offer advice, an ear to listen, or a shoulder to cry on.(朋友是我们的支持者。当你可以依靠朋友时，你会感到安全又温暖。朋友会给予我们接纳与情感支持。有时，他们还会在日常生活中提供帮助：做一顿饭、分担家务，或是在我们需要时搭个顺风车。朋友总会在身边，或是给出建议，或是耐心倾听，又或是给我们一个可以依靠哭泣的肩膀。)”可知，朋友在我们需要帮助时总会支持我们。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also discuss what is stressing us. Sharing interests and doing activities with friends help us forget about problems at work or at home.(当我们感到压力时，他们不仅会倾听我们的心声，还会讨论让我们感到压力的事情。与朋友分享兴趣和一起做活动有助于我们忘记工作或家庭中的问题。)”可知，朋友帮助减压的方式不包括给我们很多钱解决问题。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·四川广安·期末）I wasn’t the most popular student in my first year of high school - not at all. In fact, I felt awkward. I didn’t care about fashion, liked reading more than sports, and had trouble talking to boys. Because of this, my first year of high school was hard. I had no close friends. I usually stayed alone and read books a lot. That’s why I was so surprised when Ashley and I became friends the summer before my second year. Ashley was very different from me. She was outgoing and loved fashion. She listened to bands I never heard of and was good at art. She was popular, and I remembered she had always been like that. These were things I knew nothing about. We had been in the same class before, but we never talked much. I was always nervous around her. During summer school, we took classes to graduate early. The teacher paired us for a project. At first, Ashley seemed unwilling to work with me. But I think she agreed because none of her cool friends were in the class. We met at the library for the project and hit it off quickly. Ashley did most of the talking. We sat together for the rest of the summer, and after classes ended, we kept hanging out. We went shopping, listened to music, watched movies, and went to the beach. It was everything a great summer with a new friend should be. 1．What is the text mainly about? A．The author’s lonely first year of high school. B．How Ashley changed the author’s life. C．How the author and Ashley became friends. D．The importance of summer school. 2．Why was Ashley willing to work with the author eventually? A．She thought the author was a big reader. B．Her popular friends weren’t in the class. C．She has no close friends. D．She loved fashion. 3．What can we learn about the author and Ashley before summer school? A．They often argued with each other. B．They were classmates but seldom talked. C．Ashley admired the author. D．They were close competitors. 4．What does the phrase “hit it off” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Argued a lot. B．Worked efficiently. C．Got along well immediately. D．Found many differences. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中第一年并不受欢迎，感到尴尬且没有亲密朋友，但在第二年前的夏天与性格迥异的Ashley成为朋友，两人一起上课、完成项目，并在暑假期间一起度过了许多美好时光的故事。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇介绍作者高一时的孤独处境（不受欢迎、没朋友），随后引出与 Ashley 的友谊让她意外；接着对比两人的不同之处，以及过去几乎不交流的状态；最后重点讲述暑假补习时，因老师分配合作项目，两人逐渐熟悉并成为朋友，还描述了一起相处的经历。全文核心是围绕“作者和 Ashley 如何从陌生到成为朋友”展开，清晰呈现了友谊建立的过程。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The teacher paired us for a project. At first, Ashley seemed unwilling to work with me. But I think she agreed because none of her cool friends were in the class.()”可知，作者推测Ashley最终愿意和自己合作，是因为Ashley那些酷酷的朋友都不在这个暑假补习班的班级里。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We had been in the same class before, but we never talked much. I was always nervous around her.(我们以前在同一个班，但很少说话。我在她身边时总是很紧张。)”可知，在暑假补习之前，作者和Ashley曾是同班同学，但很少交流，作者在Ashley身边还总是很紧张。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据划线短语所在语境“At first, Ashley seemed unwilling to work with me. But I think she agreed because none of her cool friends were in the class. We met at the library for the project and hit it off quickly. Ashley did most of the talking. We sat together for the rest of the summer, and after classes ended, we kept hanging out. We went shopping, listened to music, watched movies, and went to the beach. It was everything a great summer with a new friend should be.(一开始，Ashley似乎不太愿意和我合作。但我觉得，她之所以同意，是因为她那些酷酷的朋友都不在这个班里。我们在图书馆为了项目碰面，很快就……。大部分时间都是Ashley在说话。那个夏天剩下的日子里，我们一直坐在一起；课程结束后，我们也还继续一起玩。我们一起去购物、听音乐、看电影、去海滩。那完全就是和新朋友共度美好夏天该有的样子。)”可知，作者和Ashley因暑假补习的项目被分到一组，起初Ashley似乎不愿合作，但两人在图书馆碰面后，两人关系发生了变化。而且后来两个人一起度过了整个夏天。由此可知，两人见面后很快就相处融洽，关系迅速拉近。“hit it off”在此处意为“一见如故，很快相处融洽”，与C选项“Got along well immediately.(立即相处得很好)”含义一致。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·海南·期末）Being a teenager is hard, confusing — and crucially important. Scientists studying teenage socializing have found that teenage friendships could lay essential foundations for well-being in later life, and that not just the kinds of friendships teenagers experience but the timing of those friendships is critical. The researchers studied 184 participants attending an American middle school. They surveyed these students at ages 13-14, and then again at ages 17-18, measuring the quality of their close friendships, their subjective social acceptance, and their likability as reported by their peers (同龄人). Finally, the researchers caught up with these teenagers as adults aged 28-30 to ask them about their physical and mental health, job satisfaction, romantic insecurity, and experience of aggression (攻击性). Overall, the researchers found that subjective social acceptance was the best predictor of adult well-being. When contacted as adults, teenagers who thought their peers liked them reported lower levels of social anxiety and aggression, better physical health, higher professional and romantic satisfaction, and feeling more socially connected. However, likability as reported by teenagers’ peers did not predict any aspect of adult well-being well — possibly suggesting that a teenager’s own view of their social success is particularly important. When the researchers examined the two stages of adolescence (青春期) separately, adult wellbeing was best predicted by social acceptance for young teenagers and close friendships for older teenagers. Close friendships predicted lower social anxiety and higher job satisfaction. The difference between the two stages of adolescence also suggests that timing is critical. “This study stresses the importance of caregivers being aware of their children’s social lives by talking to their kids, talking to their teachers, and knowing who they are talking to online. It’s helpful for parents to not only ask about who their teens’ friends are, but also how socially accepted they feel,” noted Dr David Szwedo of James Madison University. 1．What is the finding of the study? A．Teenage socializing is paid little attention to during their daily life. B．Teenage friendships and their timing are important for adult life. C．Teenagers’ academic performance will affect their adult well-being. D．Teenage friendships mainly affect their adult romantic relationships. 2．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The process of the research. B．The limitation of the research. C．The meaning of the research. D．The background of the research. 3．What can be inferred from the difference between the two stages of adolescence? A．The close friendship matters more to younger teenagers. B．Social acceptance is more important for older teenagers. C．The influence of social factors on adult well-being varies with age. D．Older teenagers care less about peer acceptance than younger ones. 4．What does Dr David Szwedo advise parents to do? A．Monitor teenagers’ online activities strictly. B．Ask teenagers’ teachers to care more about them. C．Rank teenagers’ academic performance higher than their social lives. D．Value teenagers’ friendships and their sense of social acceptance. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现青少年时期的友谊及其发生的时机对成年后的幸福至关重要，还指出不同青春期阶段社会因素对成年幸福的影响不同，并给出家长建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists studying teenage socializing have found that teenage friendships could lay essential foundations for well-being in later life, and that not just the kinds of friendships teenagers experience but the timing of those friendships is critical.(研究青少年社交的科学家发现，青少年时期的友谊可以为日后的幸福奠定重要基础，而且不仅青少年所经历的友谊类型，友谊发生的时机也至关重要)”可知，研究发现青少年时期的友谊及其时机对成年生活很重要。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The researchers studied 184 participants attending an American middle school. They surveyed these students at ages 13-14, and then again at ages 17-18, measuring the quality of their close friendships, their subjective social acceptance, and their likability as reported by their peers. Finally, the researchers caught up with these teenagers as adults aged 28-30 to ask them about their physical and mental health, job satisfaction, romantic insecurity, and experience of aggression.(研究人员对184名美国中学生进行了研究。他们在这些学生13-14岁时进行了调查，然后在17-18岁时再次调查，测量他们亲密友谊的质量、主观社会接受度以及同龄人所评价的他们的受欢迎程度。最后，研究人员在这些青少年成年后28-30岁时再次联系他们，询问他们的身心健康、工作满意度、恋爱不安全感和攻击性经历)”可知，此段详细描述了研究从选取参与者，到不同阶段的调查内容，再到最终对成年后的询问，整体阐述了研究的过程。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When the researchers examined the two stages of adolescence separately, adult well-being was best predicted by social acceptance for young teenagers and close friendships for older teenagers.(当研究人员分别研究青春期的两个阶段时，青少年早期的社会接受度和青少年晚期的亲密友谊最能预测成年后的幸福)”可知，不同青春期阶段，社会因素对成年幸福的影响不同，即社会因素对成年幸福的影响随年龄而变化。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr David Szwedo的话“This study stresses the importance of caregivers being aware of their children’s social lives by talking to their kids, talking to their teachers, and knowing who they are talking to online. It’s helpful for parents to not only ask about who their teens’ friends are, but also how socially accepted they feel (这项研究强调了照顾者通过与孩子交谈、与老师交流以及了解他们在网上与谁交流来关注孩子社交生活的重要性。家长不仅要询问孩子的朋友是谁，还要了解他们在社交中被接受的感受，这很有帮助)”可知，Dr David Szwedo建议家长重视青少年的友谊和他们的社会接受感。故选D项。 Passage 5 （23-24高一上·福建厦门·开学考试）Knowing exactly how to comfort your friend and what to say isn’t always easy, and you might be feeling a little tongue-tied. Keep reading and you can learn the effective ways to comfort a friend when they’ re feeling down. 1 Give your undivided attention and allow your friend to openly share their experiences. Avoid interrupting or offering immediate advice unless they specifically ask for it. Sometimes, all someone needs is a compassionate ear to listen to their worries, fears, or frustrations. Empathy plays a vital role in comforting a friend. Try to understand them by putting yourself in their shoes. Acknowledge their emotions by saying things like, “I can imagine this is really tough for you” or “ 2 ” Offering support is another critical aspect of comforting a friend. Remind them that difficult times are temporary and that they have your unwavering support throughout their journey. 3 . Lastly, following up and checking in on your friend’s well-being is essential. 4 Send them a thoughtful message, plan activities together, or simply ask how they’ re doing. Let them know that your support is continuous and that you are there for them whenever they need someone to lean on. Remember, everyone responds to comfort differently. 5 The most important thing is to show genuine care and understanding as you provide comfort to your friend in their time of need. A．Encourage them to seek any necessary help they may need B．Listening attentively is the key in providing comfort. C．Comforting someone should not be a one-time act but an ongoing process. D．Ask your friend to express their emotions and thoughts. E．Therefore, be open and flexible(灵活的)in your approach. F．It sounds like you’ re feeling rather disappointed. G．I don’t think the situation is as bad as you imagine. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何有效安慰情绪低落的朋友，强调了倾听、共情、持续支持和灵活应对的重要性。 1．根据空后“Give your undivided attention and allow your friend to openly share their experiences. Avoid interrupting or offering immediate advice unless they specifically ask for it. Sometimes, all someone needs is a compassionate ear to listen to their worries, fears, or frustrations.(全神贯注地倾听，让你的朋友能够毫无保留地分享他们的经历。不要打断他们或立即给出建议，除非他们明确提出需要。有时候，人们所需要的仅仅是一双充满同情心的耳朵，来倾听他们所担忧、恐惧或沮丧的情绪。)”可知，此处强调给予朋友全神贯注倾听的重要性，且空处为主旨句。B项“Listening attentively is the key in providing comfort.(用心倾听是给予安慰的关键所在。)”强调倾听是安慰的关键，概括全段内容，而且选项中的Listening与空后的listen为高频词复现，选项中的Listening attentively与undivided attention为同义复现，符合上下文语境，故选B项。 2．根据段首句“Empathy plays a vital role in comforting a friend.(同理心在安慰朋友时起着至关重要的作用。)”以及空前“Acknowledge their emotions by saying things like, “I can imagine this is really tough for you.” or(通过说诸如“我能理解这对你来说确实很艰难。”之类的话来表达对他们的情绪的认同。)”可知，此处指出我们要有同理心，即对于朋友的情绪我们要表达认同。F项“It sounds like you’ re feeling rather disappointed.(听起来你似乎感到相当失望。)”直接认可情绪，与or前的“I can imagine this is really tough for you.”(“我能理解这对你来说确实很难。”)为并列关系，通过换位思考和语言认可对方的情绪，是同理心的表现，符合上下文语境，故选F项。 3．空前“Offering support is another critical aspect of comforting a friend. Remind them that difficult times are temporary and that they have your unwavering support throughout their journey.(提供支持是安慰朋友的另一个重要方面。提醒他们，困难只是暂时的，在他们的人生旅途中，你会毫不动摇地支持他们。)”指出给朋友提供支持的重要性。A项“Encourage them to seek any necessary help they may need.(鼓励他们去寻求他们可能需要的任何帮助。)”指出我们要鼓励朋友寻求帮助，对支持性行动进行了补充，符合上下文语境，故选A项。 4．根据空前“Lastly, following up and checking in on your friend’s well-being is essential.(最后，定期关心并了解你朋友的近况是非常重要的。)”可知，本段的建议是要定期关心并了解朋友的近况，根据空后“ Send them a thoughtful message, plan activities together, or simply ask how they’ re doing. Let them know that your support is continuous and that you are there for them whenever they need someone to lean on.(给他们发一条贴心的短信，一起策划一些活动，或者只是问问他们的近况如何。让他们知道你的支持是持续不断的，而且无论何时他们需要依靠他人时，你都会在他们身边。)”可知，此处指出对于朋友的支持要是持续不断的，C项“Comforting someone should not be a one-time act but an ongoing process.(安慰他人不应只是一次性的行为，而应是一个持续的过程。)”指出安慰他人应是一个持续的过程，承接上文，引出下文，选项中的ongoing与空后的continuous为同义词复现，符合上下文语境，故选C项。 5．根据空前“Remember, everyone responds to comfort differently.(要记住，每个人对舒适感的反应都是不同的。)”可知，此处的建议是要记住每个人对舒适感的反应都是不同的，那就意味着对于不同的人我们要有不同的态度，E项“Therefore, be open and flexible(灵活的)in your approach.(因此，在你的方法上要保持开放和灵活的态度。)”指出在方法上要保持开放和灵活的态度，与上文之间构成因果关系，符合上下文语境，故选E项。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·甘肃白银·期末）Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? 1 But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by making friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can improve the quality of your life. Having older friends can change your attitude towards life. 2 They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there. Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages. When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. For human beings, giving is good. Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. 3 Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life. 4 While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would be a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. 5 All in all, making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing. A．It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. B．Where to find friends sharing a common interest? C．Then how can you make intergenerational friends? D．Having friends at your own age is natural, of course. E．What’s more, new friends can give you some fresh ideas. F．Older friends have already gone through the challenges you are facing. G．It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了与不同年龄段的人交朋友能带来诸多益处，并介绍了结交跨代朋友的方法。 1．根据上文“Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? (你的朋友都是谁？他们年龄都和你相仿吗？)” 以及下文“But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by making friends with someone younger or older than you. (但你可以通过与比你年轻或年长的人交朋友来拓宽你的社交圈，并获得丰富生活的益处。)” 可知，选项承上启下，先说明有同龄人朋友很自然，再通过转折引出与不同年龄段人交朋友的话题。故D选项“当然，有和你年龄相仿的朋友是很自然的” 符合语境，故选D。 2．根据小标题是“Having older friends can change your attitude towards life. (有年长的朋友可以改变你对生活的态度。)”，以及下文“They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. (他们当过年轻父母，经历过失业，能帮助你度过你自己生活中的这些变化。)” 可知，与小标题呼应，解释年长朋友能改变对生活态度的原因。故F选项“年长的朋友已经经历过你正在面临的挑战。” 符合语境，故选F。 3．根据上文“When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. For human beings, giving is good. Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. (当老年人与年轻人交朋友时，他们可以分享自己的经验，这是非常有意义的。对人类来说，给予是有益的。给予你的智慧和关注会让你感觉更好。)” 可知，选项承接前文，进一步阐述分享经验、给予他人对自身的积极影响。A选项“这赋予你意义，并且对你的心理健康有益。” 符合语境，故选A。 4．根据下文“While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would be a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. (虽然结交新朋友看似可怕，但实际上比你想象的容易。你可以先想想你的熟人或同事，看看他们中是否有人与你有共同的价值观和兴趣，并且可能成为好朋友。然后看看你是否可以约个咖啡时间。此外，你可以考虑参加你的同事或熟人参加的课程。)” 可知，选项引出后文关于结交跨代朋友的具体方法。故C选项“那么你如何结交跨代朋友呢？” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选C。 5．根据上文 “Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. (此外，你可以考虑参加你的同事或熟人参加的课程。)” 可知，选项续介绍结交跨代朋友的其他方式。故G选项“人们认为参加像志愿服务这样的活动也是一种有效的方式。” 符合语境，故选G。 Passage 7 （24-25高一上·福建厦门·期末）Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to 1 how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I 2 that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and interesting friends. While travelling was inspiring and meeting people was exciting, nothing about my term in France was what I 3 . The moment I arrived in Paris, I was 4 by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting 5 I received some shocking news from my program coordinator: There had been a death in my host parents’ extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to move out of one family’s house into another. The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a 6 this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation to 7 my mother tongue, I asked not to be 8 with an English-speaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I 9 myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the 10 . I left France with many 11 , so when people asked me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always 12 to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends 13 France we enjoyed together. I love how people can seem so different, but turn out to be so 14 . The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people but to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a 15 away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendships. 1．A．discuss B．express C．announce D．argue 2．A．approved B．knew C．warned D．denied 3．A．anticipated B．liked C．suspected D．feared 4．A．sponsored B．witnessed C．greeted D．supported 5．A．once B．when C．since D．until 6．A．housekeeper B．leader C．roommate D．colleague 7．A．miss B．appreciate C．speak D．master 8．A．combined B．integrated C．involved D．placed 9．A．led B．introduced C．devoted D．adapted 10．A．term B．week C．month D．vacation 11．A．presents B．suitcases C．dreams D．stories 12．A．surprised B．inspired C．insensitive D．impatient 13．A．studying B．exploring C．describing D．investigating 14．A．generous B．independent C．similar D．friendly 15．A．continent B．city C．town D．neighborhood 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加到交换生项目中来到了巴黎，刚到这里就被告知要更换寄宿家庭，却因此认识了一位巴西籍的好朋友，作者由此感悟到，要抱着尊重他人、开放包容的态度去面对这个世界。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请信中，我很仔细地表达了我是多么想去法国；显然，我的兴奋真的表现在我的语言中。A. discuss讨论；B. express表达；C. announce宣布；D. argue争吵，辩论。根据上文“In my application letter”及下文“evidently, my excitement really came through in my words.”可以推知，此处是在申请信中表达了自己想去法国的心情。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一知道我要去法国，我能想到的全都是出国旅行的快乐，还能结交各种新奇有趣的朋友。A. approved批准；B. knew知道；C. warned警告；D. denied否认。根据下文“The moment I arrived in Paris, I was…by a nice French couple who would become my host parents.”可以推知，作者确实去了法国，此处指他得到通知，知道自己可以去法国了。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然旅行鼓舞人心，与人交往令人兴奋，但在法国的这段时间里，一切都与我的预期不符。A. anticipated期待，预料；B. liked喜欢；C. suspected怀疑；D. feared害怕。此处while作表让步转折的连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，前文尽述作者对出国的期待，下句作转折要表示这个学期与作者期待的并不一样。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚到巴黎时，一对将要成为我寄宿父母的法国夫妻就来迎接我。A. sponsored赞助；B. witnessed目击；C. greeted问候、迎接；D. supported支持。根据上文“The moment I arrived in Paris”及下文“by a nice French couple who would become my host parents”可以推知，此处指寄宿家庭来迎接作者。故选C。 5．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我的整个经历是快乐和令人兴奋的，直到我从我的项目协调员那里得到了一个令人震惊的消息：我的寄宿父母的大家庭中有人去世了。A. once一旦；B. when当……时候；C. since自从；D. until直到。分析前后句逻辑关系可以推知，这里要表达在后句的动作发生之前前句一直都是成立的，用until表示“直到”符合句意。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：宿舍协调员告诉我这次我会有一个室友，并询问我是否愿意与一个说英语的人共用一间卧室。A. housekeeper管家（通常为女性）；B. leader领导；C. roommate室友；D. colleague同事。根据后文“I could share a bedroom with an English speaker”可知，共用一间卧室说明是室友。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免使用母语的冲动，我要求不要安排一个会说英语的室友与我同住。A. miss错过；B. appreciate感激；C. speak说，讲（某种语言）；D. master掌握。根据下文“I asked not to be placed with an English-speaking roommate.”可以推知，作者要求不安排讲英语的室友，是为了多一些锻炼外语的机会，也就是尽量避免讲母语。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免使用母语的冲动，我要求不要安排一个会说英语的室友与我同住。A. combined结合；B. integrated合并；C. involved涉及；D. placed放置。根据上文“whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker”此处指作者要求不和讲英语的室友同住，短语be placed with表示“与……放在一起”。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达我的新房间时，我向我的新室友保罗作了自我介绍，他是一个和我同龄的巴西人，我惊讶地发现他在放我最喜欢的一张CD！A. led领导；B. introduced介绍；C. devoted投入；D. adapted改编。根据下文“myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs!”及常识可以推知，新室友初次见面，肯定先要互相自我介绍。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅几个小时，我们就知道在剩下的学期里我们会成为好朋友。A. term学期；B. week周；C. month月；D. vacation假期。根据上文“Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.(去年春天，我有幸被选中参加一个交流学习项目)”可以推知，作者以交换生的身份来到这里，结识的新朋友应该要持续到学期结束。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着许多故事离开了法国，所以当人们问我这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是什么时，他们总是惊讶地听到我谈论我的巴西朋友保罗，以及我们一起在课堂上度过的工作日、在镇上度过的周末和探索法国的时光。A. presents礼物；B. suitcases手提箱；C. dreams梦想；D. stories故事。根据下文“I love how people can seem so different, but turn out to be so… The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people but to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a…away.”可以推知，作者列举的一系列回忆中不难推测，作者在法国经历了很多，留下许多回忆和故事。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我带着许多故事离开了法国，所以当人们问我这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是什么时，他们总是惊讶地听到我谈论我的巴西朋友保罗，以及我们一起在课堂上度过的工作日、在镇上度过的周末和探索法国的时光。A. surprised惊讶的；B. inspired受鼓舞的；C. insensitive漠不关心的；D. impatient不耐烦的。根据下文“to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends…France we enjoyed together.”可以推知，当人们问到在旅行中最喜欢的部分时，作者列出了一大堆都是与巴西朋友一起经历的事情，人们的反应一定是比较惊讶的。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带着许多故事离开了法国，所以当人们问我这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是什么时，他们总是惊讶地听到我谈论我的巴西朋友保罗，以及我们一起在课堂上度过的工作日、在镇上度过的周末和探索法国的时光。A. studying学习；B. exploring探索；C. describing描述；D. investigating调查。根据上文“weeknights on the town, and weekends”可以推知，白天上课，晚上在镇子里，周末就应该是一起在巴黎这座城市里游玩，也就是探索巴黎。故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢人们看起来如此不同，但最终却如此相似。A. generous慷慨的；B. independent独立的；C. similar相似的；D. friendly友好的。根据语境可以推知，作者与巴西朋友成为非常好的朋友，正好体现了看起来不同的人也能找到共同语言、成为朋友，最终却如此相似。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在法国求学期间所学到的最宝贵的一课，并非仅仅是要尊重法国人民，而是要尊重所有人，因为你的下一个挚友可能就远在另一个大洲之外。A. continent大陆；B. city城市；C. town城镇；D. neighborhood街区。根据上文“The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France”可知，作者去了法国求学，收获了友谊，所以想表达的是下一个挚友可能就远在另一个大洲之外。故选A。 Passage 8 （24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Ding dong! I looked up from the couch. Who in the world could that be? My body was troubled with illness, so I 1 myself away. Friends telephoned, texted, emailed, and sent cards. I didn’t 2 , thinking that I had nothing to offer anyone in the miserable condition I was in. I 3 got up and opened the door to a flower delivery. As I put the flowers on my dining table, I was struck by its 4 . It was composed of single blossoms of many varieties that shouldn’t really 5 yet somehow did. The mystery flowers had come in a blue jar, without a card. Instead of returning to the couch, I 6 the florist (花商). He told me some of my friends were behind the 7 , secretly. “They wanted to get a 8 to you,” he said, “through the language of flowers.” The group of my friends had followed him from cooler to cooler and picked very 9 stems (茎) after consulting an old book. “I learned some things,” the florist said, then 10 : “The red carnation (康乃馨) meant ‘Our hearts ache for you.’ The yellow tulip (郁金香) wanted to see 11 in my smile again. The pink carnation had a few 12 words to say about never forgetting me.” The more I understood what the flowers were 13 , the more I started to remember the woman who might have 14 them before I separated myself from everyone and everything. My friends knew I was still that woman, with 15 beyond my health. 1．A．hid B．attached C．swept D．broke 2．A．forbid B．accept C．act D．respond 3．A．entirely B．instantly C．hesitantly D．elegantly 4．A．size B．shape C．uniqueness D．freshness 5．A．go together B．stand out C．come up D．fade away 6．A．informed B．ignored C．rewarded D．telephoned 7．A．delivery B．exhibition C．observation D．demonstration 8．A．broadcast B．message C．fiction D．symbol 9．A．expensive B．rare C．specific D．fresh 10．A．explained B．clarified C．defined D．analyzed 11．A．addition B．shade C．sympathy D．sunshine 12．A．capable B．flexible C．accurate D．meaningful 13．A．involving B．saying C．smelling D．sponsoring 14．A．declared B．lacked C．constructed D．earned 15．A．ambition B．value C．injury D．cure 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是作者因为疾病而开始隐藏自己，疏远朋友，而朋友们通过快递花朵，通过花的语言，让作者重新振作起来的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我身体不适，所以把自己藏了起来。A. hid隐藏；B. attached依附；C. swept清扫；D. broke打破。根据下文“separated myself from everyone and everything”可知，这里指作者因生病把自己藏起来，不与外界接触，hid符合语境。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们打电话、发信息、发邮件、寄卡片，我都没有回复。A. forbid禁止；B. accept接受；C. act行动；D. respond回复。根据上文“My body was troubled with illness, so I 　1　myself away. Friends telephoned, texted, emailed, and sent cards.”可知，作者把自己隐藏起来，所以朋友们打电话、发短信、发邮件、寄贺卡，她都没有回应，respond符合语境。故选D项。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫地站起来，打开门，收到了一束鲜花。A. entirely完全地；B. instantly立即；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. elegantly优雅地。根据上文“Friends telephoned, texted, emailed and sent cards. I didn’t 2 , thinking that I had nothing to offer anyone in the miserable condition I was in.”可知，朋友们打电话、发短信、发邮件、寄贺卡作者都没有回应，因为作者不想被打扰，所以这里指是犹豫地站起来，hesitantly符合语境。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我把花放在餐桌上时，被它的独特性吸引了。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. uniqueness独特性；D. freshness新鲜。根据下文“It was composed of single blossoms of many varieties”可知，这些花由许多品种的单独的花朵组成的，所以作者是被它的独特性打动了，uniqueness符合语境。故选C项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它由多种单朵花组成，这些花本不该搭配在一起，但不知怎的却很和谐。A. go together搭配；B. stand out突出；C. come up出现；D. fade away消失。根据上文“It was comprised of solitary blossoms of many varieties”可知，这些花是由许多品种的单花组成的，它们本来不应该在一起，go together符合语境。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回到沙发上，而是给花商打了电话。A. informed通知；B. ignored忽视；C. rewarded奖励；D. telephoned打电话。根据下文“He told me some of my friends were behind the 7 , secretly. ”可知，作者在和花店老板对话，所以是给花店打电话，telephoned符合语境。故选D项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我的一些朋友是这次送花的幕后推手，他们是秘密进行的。A. delivery递送；B. exhibition展览；C. observation观察；D. demonstration示范。根据上文“I 　3　　got up and opened the door to a flower delivery.”可知，这是一次送花快递，delivery与前文“flower delivery”呼应。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们想通过花语给你传递一个信息。”A. broadcast广播；B. message信息；C. fiction小说；D. symbol象征。根据下文“through the language of flowers”可知，这里指通过花的语言，传递的是信息，message符合语境。故选B项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们参考了一本旧书，跟着他从一个冷藏柜到另一个冷藏柜，挑选了特定的花茎。A. expensive昂贵的；B. rare稀有的；C. specific特定的；D. fresh 新鲜的。根据下文“The red carnation (康乃馨) meant ‘Our hearts ache for you.’ The yellow tulip (郁金香) wanted to see”可知，他们挑选的是有特定含义的花，specific符合语境。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我学到了一些东西，”花商说，然后解释道……A. explained解释；B. clarified澄清；C. defined定义；D. analyzed分析。根据下文“The red carnation (康乃馨) meant ‘Our hearts ache for you.’ The yellow tulip (郁金香) wanted to see”可知，花商后面说的是各种花的含义，是在解释，explained符合语境。故选A项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄色郁金香希望在我的笑容中再次看到阳光。A. addition添加；B. shade阴影；C. sympathy同情；D. sunshine阳光。根据上文“The yellow tulip (郁金香) wanted to see”以及空后“in my smile again”可知，此处指的是黄色的郁金香是想在我的生活中看到阳光，sunshine象征快乐或光明，与“微笑”和花语含义（黄郁金香代表阳光）匹配，sunshine符合语境。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：粉色康乃馨有几句意味深长的话，说永远不会忘记我。A. capable 有能力的；B. flexible 灵活的；C. accurate 准确的；D. meaningful 意味深长的。根据下文“words to say about never forgetting me.”以及语境可知，这里指粉色康乃馨代表着意味深长的话，对应花语的深层含义，meaningful符合语境。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我越明白这些花在传递什么，就越想起那个在我与世隔绝之前可能塑造了它们（花语含义）的自己。A. involving 涉及；B. saying 说；C. smelling 闻；D. sponsoring 赞助。根据上文“through the language of flowers”可知，花有语言，所以这里指花通过花语说出信息，saying符合语境。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我越理解这些花所传递的含义，就越想起在我与所有人和所有事隔绝之前，那个可能值得拥有这些花的自己。A. declared 宣布；B. lacked 缺乏；C. constructed 建造；D. earned 值得，应得。根据下文“My friends knew I was still that woman”以及空后“them before I separated myself from everyone and everything”可知，此处的女人指的是作者自己，结合前文朋友送的花所表达的意思，所以朋友们认为作者可以赢得那些花。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们知道我仍然是那个女人，我的价值超越了我的健康。A. ambition野心；B. value价值；C. injury伤害；D. cure治愈。根据上文“My friends knew I was still that woman”可知，作者的朋友认为作者还是一个坚强的人，作者的价值不是疾病所能衡量的，强调内在价值不因生病消失，value符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 9 （24-25高一·上海·阶段练习） Friends for Weather Both Fair and Foul I love meeting new people. Over the last year, to develop my video media production company, I 1 (interview) and talked with people from all walks of life, from restaurant owners to coffee roasters, to music event organizers. All of these new, mutually beneficial connections have helped to expand my company’s foothold in Shanghai. These relationships, built upon a bedrock of shared benefit, are often referred to 2 “fair-weather” friendships. And they are not unique to the world of business. Similar patterns can be seen in how teenagers today form their social connections in online, digital spaces. They make friends with 3 who share their interests, experiences and hobbies. These relationships can create a sense of belonging and be formative to their social development. But for teenagers, it is important 4 (recognize) the inherent (固有的) limitations of these online connections. These bonds often don’t extend beyond the pleasure or advantage 5 (share) between individuals. As such, they are often quick to end once mutual benefit has disappeared. And 6 they can be used to supplement (补充) one’s social life, they shouldn’t be used as a replacement for offline relationships. Real-life interactions are crucial for developing real social skills and emotional connections. In fact, students can find similar “fair-weather” friendships in 7 (traditional), offline settings like schools. Years ago, I had the honor of teaching some of the brightest students at Shanghai Jincai High School. They were ambitious and determined to do their very best despite the exhausting cycle of their studies. Under heavy pressure, each classroom became a small community, 8 students supported one another through mutual help and encouragement. Though these relationships may fade after graduation, they are beneficial to the students while they exist. Some of them may even deepen over time, 9 (last) through college and into professional life. To better understand the nature of these relationships, we can look to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who famously classified friendship into three distinct types: pleasure-based, utility-based, and virtue-based. The first two, based on mutual benefit and advantage, align with what we see as “fair-weather” friendships. The third, which is rare, could be regarded as friendship in the truest sense of the term. You can count upon such friends to see you through not just the “sunniest” periods of your life, 10 the darkest storms. Though each type can foster our growth, only this last one proves indispensable: a true friend is the hand that holds the umbrella when the rain beats hardest. 【答案】 1．have interviewed 2．as 3．those 4．to recognize 5．shared 6．while/though/although 7．more traditional 8．where 9．lasting 10．but also 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。探讨了“晴雨表友谊”的特点、在不同场景的表现，以及古希腊哲学家亚里士多德对友谊的分类，强调真正友谊的重要性。 1．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的一年里，为了发展我的视频媒体制作公司，我采访并与各行各业的人交谈，从餐馆老板到咖啡烘焙师，再到音乐活动组织者。根据时间状语“Over the last year”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语I是第一人称，所以用have interviewed。故填have interviewed。 2．考查介词。句意：这些建立在共同利益基础上的关系，通常被称为“晴雨表”友谊。此处为固定搭配be referred to as，意为“被称为”，用介词as。故填as。 3．考查代词。句意：他们与那些分享他们兴趣、经历和爱好的人交朋友。此处指代“那些人”，用代词those，作with的宾语。故填those。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：但对于青少年来说，认识到这些在线联系的固有局限性很重要。此处为固定句型“it is + adj. + to do sth.”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短短与作真正主语，所以此处用动词不定式to recognize作真正的主语。故填to recognize。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些联系往往不会超出个人之间共享的快乐或优势。此处为非谓语动词作定语，pleasure or advantage与share为被动关系，用过去分词shared。故填shared。 6．考查连词。句意：虽然它们可以用来补充一个人的社交生活，但不应用作线下关系的替代品。结合句意，上下文之间表让步关系，用连词while/though/although，意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。故填while/though/although。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，学生们可以在更传统的线下环境中，如学校，找到类似的“晴雨表”友谊。此处隐含与online spaces的对比，用traditional的比较级more traditional，意为“更传统的”。故填more traditional。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在巨大的压力下，每个教室都变成了一个小社区，学生们通过相互帮助和鼓励来支持彼此。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为community，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些甚至可能随着时间的推移而加深，持续到大学和职业生涯。此处为非谓语动词作状语，relationships与last为主动关系，用现在分词lasting。故填lasting。 10．考查连词。句意：你可以指望这样的朋友不仅能陪你度过人生中“最阳光”的时期，还能陪你度过最黑暗的风暴。此处为固定搭配not just...but also...，意为“不仅……而且……”，用but also。故填but also。 Passage 10 （2025·江苏·模拟预测） Having few or no friends is becoming an increasing concern for some people. “It is 1 (extreme) common to experience a lack of friendships. Many people feel like they don’t have friends or that others don’t understand them,” says Jessica Ermilio, a psychologist at Humantold. According to Ermilio, there are many reasons why someone might struggle to make friends. Some people fear to get in touch 2 other people because they feel nervous or uncertain about themselves. Some people avoid making friends because they’re afraid of the 3 (difficulty) that come with making friends. Other factors 4 might make it more challenging for people to make friends include having social 5 (anxious) disorder, preferring to stay alone, or not knowing where to look for new friends. In fact, creating meaningful friendships 6 (require) time. According to a study by researchers at the University of Kansas, a relationship takes about 50 hours together in the 7 (share) activities to shift from just acquaintances (相识) to casual friends. The study found that it took more than 200 hours for a person 8 (consider) as a close friend. So be patient with making friends. The researchers also found the best friendship-building hours are those spent 9 (carry) out enjoyable activities, whether it’s just hanging out 10 playing games. So, if you want to form more meaningful friendships with your coworkers, spend time together outside of work with them in social activities. 【答案】 1． extremely 2．with 3．difficulties 4．that/which 5．anxiety 6．requires 7．shared 8．to be considered 9．carrying 10．or 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们交友困难的原因及建立友谊所需时间。 1．考查副词。句意：经历缺乏友谊是极其常见的。本空修饰形容词common，作状语，用副词extremely“极其”。故填extremely。 2．考查介词。句意：有些人害怕与他人接触，因为他们对自己感到紧张或不确定。get in touch with sb.是固定短语，表示“与某人接触”。故填with。 3．考查名词的数。句意：有些人避免交朋友，因为他们害怕交朋友带来的困难。difficulty在此处表示“困难的事”，是可数名词。且that引导的定语从句中，that代替本空的单词作从句主语，谓语用原形come可知，此处应用复数形式，表示不止一个困难的事。故填difficulties。 4．考查定语从句。句意：其他可能使人们更难交朋友的因素包括患有社交焦虑症、喜欢独处或不知道去哪里寻找新朋友。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词factors，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 5．考查名词。句意同上。social anxiety disorder为固定短语，意为“社交焦虑症”，此处用名词 anxiety“焦虑”，作定语修饰disorder。故填anxiety。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：事实上，建立有意义的友谊需要时间。本句陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语为动名词短语creating meaningful friendships，谓语动词用require“需要”的第三人称单数形式。故填requires。 7．考查形容词。句意：根据堪萨斯大学研究人员的一项研究，一段关系需要在共享活动中相处大约50个小时，才能从仅仅是熟人转变为普通朋友。此处修饰名词activities，用形容词shared“共享的”，作定语。故填shared。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究发现，一个人要被认为是亲密的朋友需要超过200个小时。it takes some time for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，表示“某人做某事需要一些时间”，其中it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，且person与consider“认为”之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动式to be considered。故填to be considered。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员还发现，建立友谊的最佳时间是那些进行愉快活动的时间，无论是闲逛还是玩游戏。carry out“进行”。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定短语，表示“花费时间做某事”，本空用carry的动名词carrying，作宾语。故填carrying。 10．考查固定搭配。句意同上。whether...or...是固定搭配，表示“无论是……还是……”。故填or。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Friends forever 永远的朋友 话题阅读精练 时文拓展阅读 A Trans-Pacific Pen Pal Friendship The friendship between Chinese-American pen pals Huang Yicheng and Carla Dillikov Canales transcends the obstacles of language and culture. They share lives through letters, with Huang teaching Carla Chinese vocabulary like “知音” (zhī yīn, bosom friend) and Carla introducing American culture to Huang. Their friendship began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou in 2023. Huang greeted Carla in English, and they exchanged gifts—Huang gave a Tulou model, while Carla presented a smartwatch. Since then, they have discussed music, studies, and family through letters, even publishing their friendship story in The New York Times. This friendship proves that sincere communication can go beyond borders. Huang said, “We listen to each other and share happiness.” They plan to meet again in the future to continue this cross-Pacific bond. 语篇翻译： 中美笔友黄奕诚与卡拉・迪利科夫・卡纳莱斯的友谊跨越了语言和文化障碍。他们通过书信分享生活，黄奕诚教卡拉中文词汇，如 “知音”（bosom friend），卡拉则向黄奕诚介绍美国文化。 两人的友谊始于 2023 年漳州的偶遇。黄奕诚用英语问候卡拉，随后互赠礼物——黄奕诚送出土楼模型，卡拉回赠电话手表。此后，他们通过信件讨论音乐、学习和家庭，甚至在《纽约时报》上发表文章分享友谊故事。 这段友谊证明，真诚的交流能超越国界。黄奕诚说：“我们互相倾听，分享快乐。” 他们计划未来再次见面，继续这段跨越太平洋的情谊。 重点词汇： · trans-Pacific (/ˌtrænz pəˈsɪfɪk/) adj. 跨太平洋的 · bosom friend (/ˈbʊzəm frend/) 知音；挚友 · encounter (/ɪnˈkaʊntər/) n. 偶遇；邂逅 · authentic (/ɔːˈθentɪk/) adj. 真诚的；真实的 · boundary (/ˈbaʊndri/) n. 边界；界限 长难句分析： “Their friendship, which began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou, has proven that sincere communication can transcend national borders.” 抓标志：“which”（非限制性定语从句连词），“that”（宾语从句连词） 判类型：复合句（主句：Their friendship has proven that...），包含非限制性定语从句（which 引导）和宾语从句（that 引导） 试翻译：这段始于漳州偶遇的友谊证明，真诚交流能跨越国界。 高考真题链接 （2021·全国甲卷·高考真题C篇）When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery. Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up. When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.” “Yeah,” I said. “Safe.” 28．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A．He felt disappointed. B．He gave up his hobby. C．He liked the weather there. D．He had disagreements with his family. 29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don’t worry! 30．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London? A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends. C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days 31．What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A．Children should learn a second language. B．Sport is necessary for children’s health. C．Children need a sense of belonging D．Seeing the world is a must for children. 1. “Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.” 抓标志：介词 “without”，从属连词 “until” 判类型：第一句中，“Without... days” 为介词短语作原因状语，主句为 “I felt at a loss and out of place”（“felt” 后接并列形容词短语作表语）；第二句为省略句，“until” 引导时间状语从句，完整形式可理解为 “I didn’t feel better until I made a discovery”。 试翻译：没有了我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到迷茫又格格不入。直到我有了一个发现。 2. “Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.” 抓标志：关系副词 “where” 判类型：主句为 “Southbank... is the center of British skateboarding”，“at an eastern bend in the Thames” 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 “Southbank”；“where” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 “Southbank”，在从句中作地点状语，从句中 “left your head ringing” 为 “leave + 宾语 + 现在分词宾补” 结构。 试翻译：泰晤士河东岸的南岸是英国滑板运动的中心，那里滑板不断的撞击声让你头晕眼花。 pack up：收拾行李 land the trick：完成技巧动作 beat their boards：敲击他们的滑板 rush by：飞奔而过 catch a few glances：瞥了几眼 settle into：适应；习惯 at a loss：迷茫；不知所措 out of place：格格不入；不自在 综合实战演练 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·内蒙古包头·期末）Do phone calls from long-lost friends really excite you? You’re not alone. A new study finds people often underestimate how much their old friends will appreciate receiving a call from them out of the blue. Meanwhile, the friend getting the call places a much higher value on the surprise social interaction. “People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy bonding with others,” explains lead author Peggy Liu, PhD, from the University of Pittsburgh, in a media release. Researchers conducted several experiments involving over 5,900 people to look at what factors play into the amount of appreciation someone feels when others contact them. In one experiment, researchers asked half of the participants to remember the last time they contacted someone in their social circle after not speaking with them for a really long time. The rest of the group took the opposite approach, remembering when a long-lost friend reached them by phone. The two groups then had to rate on a seven-point scale (1 meaning “not at all” and 7 meaning “to a great extent”) how much the person receiving this communication appreciated, or felt grateful, or pleased about the message. For people making the call, this meant guessing how much their friend enjoyed hearing from them. For the people receiving the call, they simply had to rate how much they appreciated hearing from a long-lost pal. Results showcase the people reaching their friend significantly underrated their friend’s appreciation when the two groups were compared. “I sometimes hesitate before contacting people in my social circle for a variety of reasons. When that happens, I think about these research findings and remind myself that other people may also want to reach me and hesitate for the same reasons,” Liu concludes. “I then tell myself that I would appreciate it so much if they reached me and that there is no reason to think they would not similarly appreciate my reaching them.” 1．Which of the following best explains “out of the blue” underlined in paragraph 1? A．Delightedly. B．Instantly. C．Regularly. D．Unexpectedly. 2．What are the researchers’ conclusions based on? A．The comparison between the data from two groups. B．Their observation of social interaction among participants. C．Their analysis of participants’ attachment to their old friends. D．Their investigation into the social connections of participants. 3．What can we learn about the participants reaching their friends? A．They tended to be more sociable. B．They expressed different grades of gratitude. C．Their friends might hesitate to contact them for various reasons. D．Their friends were more grateful for their calls than they had expected. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Improve Your Communication Skills. B．Observe the Law of Social Interaction. C．Have No Hesitation in Reaching Your Friend. D．Promote a Closer Friendship by Calling Your Friend. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·宁夏中卫·阶段练习）When we were very small, we realized that having friends was important. Some of us even had imaginary (想象中的) friends. The need for friends continued as we grew into our teens. Friends played a big part in forming our personalities (性格). As adults, it is still important for us to have friends. True friends are people who like us though we made mistakes and who listen to us and tell us the truth. Friends support our decisions and tell us when we’re foolish. They laugh with us and share our sadness. They are our partners and share interests with us. They stimulate us when we are feeling upset. They are people we aren’t afraid of telling our secret wishes to or what is really on our minds. Friends are our supporters. When you can depend on friends, you feel safe and warm. Friends offer acceptance and emotional (情感的) support. At times, they also help with our everyday lives, cooking a meal, doing chores, or giving us a lift when we need one. Friends also are there to offer advice, an ear to listen, or a shoulder to cry on. Friends also help us reduce stress (压力). Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also discuss what is stressing us. Sharing interests and doing activities with friends help us forget about problems at work or at home. For a short time, we can lose ourselves in a pleasant activity and perhaps laugh and breathe more easily. 1．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Reduce Stress. B．How to Make New Friends. C．The Importance of Friends. D．The Qualities of Good Friends. 2．The underlined word “stimulate” in Paragraph 2 probably means________. A．educate. B．encourage. C．surprise. D．dislike. 3．We can learn from the third paragraph that friends always________. A．laugh at us when we’re foolish. B．tell us other people’s secrets. C．share our sadness and interests. D．support us when we need help. 4．When friends help us reduce stress, they do all the following EXCEPT ________. A．listening to us when we feel stressed. B．discussing what is stressing us. C．helping us forget about problems at work or at home by sharing interests and doing activities together. D．giving us a lot of money to solve our stress problems. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·四川广安·期末）I wasn’t the most popular student in my first year of high school - not at all. In fact, I felt awkward. I didn’t care about fashion, liked reading more than sports, and had trouble talking to boys. Because of this, my first year of high school was hard. I had no close friends. I usually stayed alone and read books a lot. That’s why I was so surprised when Ashley and I became friends the summer before my second year. Ashley was very different from me. She was outgoing and loved fashion. She listened to bands I never heard of and was good at art. She was popular, and I remembered she had always been like that. These were things I knew nothing about. We had been in the same class before, but we never talked much. I was always nervous around her. During summer school, we took classes to graduate early. The teacher paired us for a project. At first, Ashley seemed unwilling to work with me. But I think she agreed because none of her cool friends were in the class. We met at the library for the project and hit it off quickly. Ashley did most of the talking. We sat together for the rest of the summer, and after classes ended, we kept hanging out. We went shopping, listened to music, watched movies, and went to the beach. It was everything a great summer with a new friend should be. 1．What is the text mainly about? A．The author’s lonely first year of high school. B．How Ashley changed the author’s life. C．How the author and Ashley became friends. D．The importance of summer school. 2．Why was Ashley willing to work with the author eventually? A．She thought the author was a big reader. B．Her popular friends weren’t in the class. C．She has no close friends. D．She loved fashion. 3．What can we learn about the author and Ashley before summer school? A．They often argued with each other. B．They were classmates but seldom talked. C．Ashley admired the author. D．They were close competitors. 4．What does the phrase “hit it off” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Argued a lot. B．Worked efficiently. C．Got along well immediately. D．Found many differences. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·海南·期末）Being a teenager is hard, confusing — and crucially important. Scientists studying teenage socializing have found that teenage friendships could lay essential foundations for well-being in later life, and that not just the kinds of friendships teenagers experience but the timing of those friendships is critical. The researchers studied 184 participants attending an American middle school. They surveyed these students at ages 13-14, and then again at ages 17-18, measuring the quality of their close friendships, their subjective social acceptance, and their likability as reported by their peers (同龄人). Finally, the researchers caught up with these teenagers as adults aged 28-30 to ask them about their physical and mental health, job satisfaction, romantic insecurity, and experience of aggression (攻击性). Overall, the researchers found that subjective social acceptance was the best predictor of adult well-being. When contacted as adults, teenagers who thought their peers liked them reported lower levels of social anxiety and aggression, better physical health, higher professional and romantic satisfaction, and feeling more socially connected. However, likability as reported by teenagers’ peers did not predict any aspect of adult well-being well — possibly suggesting that a teenager’s own view of their social success is particularly important. When the researchers examined the two stages of adolescence (青春期) separately, adult wellbeing was best predicted by social acceptance for young teenagers and close friendships for older teenagers. Close friendships predicted lower social anxiety and higher job satisfaction. The difference between the two stages of adolescence also suggests that timing is critical. “This study stresses the importance of caregivers being aware of their children’s social lives by talking to their kids, talking to their teachers, and knowing who they are talking to online. It’s helpful for parents to not only ask about who their teens’ friends are, but also how socially accepted they feel,” noted Dr David Szwedo of James Madison University. 1．What is the finding of the study? A．Teenage socializing is paid little attention to during their daily life. B．Teenage friendships and their timing are important for adult life. C．Teenagers’ academic performance will affect their adult well-being. D．Teenage friendships mainly affect their adult romantic relationships. 2．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The process of the research. B．The limitation of the research. C．The meaning of the research. D．The background of the research. 3．What can be inferred from the difference between the two stages of adolescence? A．The close friendship matters more to younger teenagers. B．Social acceptance is more important for older teenagers. C．The influence of social factors on adult well-being varies with age. D．Older teenagers care less about peer acceptance than younger ones. 4．What does Dr David Szwedo advise parents to do? A．Monitor teenagers’ online activities strictly. B．Ask teenagers’ teachers to care more about them. C．Rank teenagers’ academic performance higher than their social lives. D．Value teenagers’ friendships and their sense of social acceptance. Passage 5 （23-24高一上·福建厦门·开学考试）Knowing exactly how to comfort your friend and what to say isn’t always easy, and you might be feeling a little tongue-tied. Keep reading and you can learn the effective ways to comfort a friend when they’ re feeling down. 1 Give your undivided attention and allow your friend to openly share their experiences. Avoid interrupting or offering immediate advice unless they specifically ask for it. Sometimes, all someone needs is a compassionate ear to listen to their worries, fears, or frustrations. Empathy plays a vital role in comforting a friend. Try to understand them by putting yourself in their shoes. Acknowledge their emotions by saying things like, “I can imagine this is really tough for you” or “ 2 ” Offering support is another critical aspect of comforting a friend. Remind them that difficult times are temporary and that they have your unwavering support throughout their journey. 3 . Lastly, following up and checking in on your friend’s well-being is essential. 4 Send them a thoughtful message, plan activities together, or simply ask how they’ re doing. Let them know that your support is continuous and that you are there for them whenever they need someone to lean on. Remember, everyone responds to comfort differently. 5 The most important thing is to show genuine care and understanding as you provide comfort to your friend in their time of need. A．Encourage them to seek any necessary help they may need B．Listening attentively is the key in providing comfort. C．Comforting someone should not be a one-time act but an ongoing process. D．Ask your friend to express their emotions and thoughts. E．Therefore, be open and flexible(灵活的)in your approach. F．It sounds like you’ re feeling rather disappointed. G．I don’t think the situation is as bad as you imagine. Passage 6 （24-25高二下·甘肃白银·期末）Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? 1 But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by making friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can improve the quality of your life. Having older friends can change your attitude towards life. 2 They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there. Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages. When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. For human beings, giving is good. Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. 3 Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life. 4 While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would be a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in. 5 All in all, making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing. A．It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. B．Where to find friends sharing a common interest? C．Then how can you make intergenerational friends? D．Having friends at your own age is natural, of course. E．What’s more, new friends can give you some fresh ideas. F．Older friends have already gone through the challenges you are facing. G．It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way. Passage 7 （24-25高一上·福建厦门·期末）Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to 1 how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I 2 that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and interesting friends. While travelling was inspiring and meeting people was exciting, nothing about my term in France was what I 3 . The moment I arrived in Paris, I was 4 by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting 5 I received some shocking news from my program coordinator: There had been a death in my host parents’ extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to move out of one family’s house into another. The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a 6 this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation to 7 my mother tongue, I asked not to be 8 with an English-speaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I 9 myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the 10 . I left France with many 11 , so when people asked me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always 12 to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends 13 France we enjoyed together. I love how people can seem so different, but turn out to be so 14 . The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people but to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a 15 away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendships. 1．A．discuss B．express C．announce D．argue 2．A．approved B．knew C．warned D．denied 3．A．anticipated B．liked C．suspected D．feared 4．A．sponsored B．witnessed C．greeted D．supported 5．A．once B．when C．since D．until 6．A．housekeeper B．leader C．roommate D．colleague 7．A．miss B．appreciate C．speak D．master 8．A．combined B．integrated C．involved D．placed 9．A．led B．introduced C．devoted D．adapted 10．A．term B．week C．month D．vacation 11．A．presents B．suitcases C．dreams D．stories 12．A．surprised B．inspired C．insensitive D．impatient 13．A．studying B．exploring C．describing D．investigating 14．A．generous B．independent C．similar D．friendly 15．A．continent B．city C．town D．neighborhood Passage 8 （24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Ding dong! I looked up from the couch. Who in the world could that be? My body was troubled with illness, so I 1 myself away. Friends telephoned, texted, emailed, and sent cards. I didn’t 2 , thinking that I had nothing to offer anyone in the miserable condition I was in. I 3 got up and opened the door to a flower delivery. As I put the flowers on my dining table, I was struck by its 4 . It was composed of single blossoms of many varieties that shouldn’t really 5 yet somehow did. The mystery flowers had come in a blue jar, without a card. Instead of returning to the couch, I 6 the florist (花商). He told me some of my friends were behind the 7 , secretly. “They wanted to get a 8 to you,” he said, “through the language of flowers.” The group of my friends had followed him from cooler to cooler and picked very 9 stems (茎) after consulting an old book. “I learned some things,” the florist said, then 10 : “The red carnation (康乃馨) meant ‘Our hearts ache for you.’ The yellow tulip (郁金香) wanted to see 11 in my smile again. The pink carnation had a few 12 words to say about never forgetting me.” The more I understood what the flowers were 13 , the more I started to remember the woman who might have 14 them before I separated myself from everyone and everything. My friends knew I was still that woman, with 15 beyond my health. 1．A．hid B．attached C．swept D．broke 2．A．forbid B．accept C．act D．respond 3．A．entirely B．instantly C．hesitantly D．elegantly 4．A．size B．shape C．uniqueness D．freshness 5．A．go together B．stand out C．come up D．fade away 6．A．informed B．ignored C．rewarded D．telephoned 7．A．delivery B．exhibition C．observation D．demonstration 8．A．broadcast B．message C．fiction D．symbol 9．A．expensive B．rare C．specific D．fresh 10．A．explained B．clarified C．defined D．analyzed 11．A．addition B．shade C．sympathy D．sunshine 12．A．capable B．flexible C．accurate D．meaningful 13．A．involving B．saying C．smelling D．sponsoring 14．A．declared B．lacked C．constructed D．earned 15．A．ambition B．value C．injury D．cure Passage 9 （24-25高一·上海·阶段练习） Friends for Weather Both Fair and Foul I love meeting new people. Over the last year, to develop my video media production company, I 1 (interview) and talked with people from all walks of life, from restaurant owners to coffee roasters, to music event organizers. All of these new, mutually beneficial connections have helped to expand my company’s foothold in Shanghai. These relationships, built upon a bedrock of shared benefit, are often referred to 2 “fair-weather” friendships. And they are not unique to the world of business. Similar patterns can be seen in how teenagers today form their social connections in online, digital spaces. They make friends with 3 who share their interests, experiences and hobbies. These relationships can create a sense of belonging and be formative to their social development. But for teenagers, it is important 4 (recognize) the inherent (固有的) limitations of these online connections. These bonds often don’t extend beyond the pleasure or advantage 5 (share) between individuals. As such, they are often quick to end once mutual benefit has disappeared. And 6 they can be used to supplement (补充) one’s social life, they shouldn’t be used as a replacement for offline relationships. Real-life interactions are crucial for developing real social skills and emotional connections. In fact, students can find similar “fair-weather” friendships in 7 (traditional), offline settings like schools. Years ago, I had the honor of teaching some of the brightest students at Shanghai Jincai High School. They were ambitious and determined to do their very best despite the exhausting cycle of their studies. Under heavy pressure, each classroom became a small community, 8 students supported one another through mutual help and encouragement. Though these relationships may fade after graduation, they are beneficial to the students while they exist. Some of them may even deepen over time, 9 (last) through college and into professional life. To better understand the nature of these relationships, we can look to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who famously classified friendship into three distinct types: pleasure-based, utility-based, and virtue-based. The first two, based on mutual benefit and advantage, align with what we see as “fair-weather” friendships. The third, which is rare, could be regarded as friendship in the truest sense of the term. You can count upon such friends to see you through not just the “sunniest” periods of your life, 10 the darkest storms. Though each type can foster our growth, only this last one proves indispensable: a true friend is the hand that holds the umbrella when the rain beats hardest. Passage 10 （2025·江苏·模拟预测） Having few or no friends is becoming an increasing concern for some people. “It is 1 (extreme) common to experience a lack of friendships. Many people feel like they don’t have friends or that others don’t understand them,” says Jessica Ermilio, a psychologist at Humantold. According to Ermilio, there are many reasons why someone might struggle to make friends. Some people fear to get in touch 2 other people because they feel nervous or uncertain about themselves. Some people avoid making friends because they’re afraid of the 3 (difficulty) that come with making friends. Other factors 4 might make it more challenging for people to make friends include having social 5 (anxious) disorder, preferring to stay alone, or not knowing where to look for new friends. In fact, creating meaningful friendships 6 (require) time. According to a study by researchers at the University of Kansas, a relationship takes about 50 hours together in the 7 (share) activities to shift from just acquaintances (相识) to casual friends. The study found that it took more than 200 hours for a person 8 (consider) as a close friend. So be patient with making friends. The researchers also found the best friendship-building hours are those spent 9 (carry) out enjoyable activities, whether it’s just hanging out 10 playing games. So, if you want to form more meaningful friendships with your coworkers, spend time together outside of work with them in social activities. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$