Unit 4 Natural Disasters 自然灾害（单元应用文写作精练）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters自然灾害 应用文写作精练（解析版） 写作主题 识 主题：自然灾害 写作词汇短语： 1. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. natural disasters自然灾害 3. volcanic eruption 火山喷发 4. be flooded with 被…所淹没 挤满 充满 5. at least\at most 至少\至多 6. be damaged\ destroyed\ruined 受到损害 7. do damage to 对……有损害 8. affect = have an effect on 影响 9. set up shelters 建立避难所 10. first aid kit 急救箱 11. sweep away 消灭;彻底消除;扫除 12. suffer from terrible injuries 受重伤 13. suffer from 遭受;患....病;受之苦 14. make sure 确保 15. stay calm 保持镇静 16. come to an end 结束 告终 17. be trapped in 被困在…… 18. be buried in doing sth. 埋头做某事 专心做某事 19. rescue the survivors营救幸存者 20. in danger 处于危险之中 21. in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 22. in the open air 露天;在户外 23. suffer hardship 遭受困苦 写作句型： 1. A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing .. 一个可怕的地震发生在….杀死了…. 2. It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless. 地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌，道路被毁,许多人无家可归。 3. With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved. 在救援队的帮助下，困在洪水中的人们得救了。 4. In the past hundred years, there have been frequent natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, and new deserts. 在过去的几百年里，自然灾难不断，例如洪水，干旱，地震和沙漠化。 5.The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake. 地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。 6. Human activity is an indispensable factor causing natural disasters. 人类自身的活动是造成自然灾害的一个不可或缺的因素。 模拟真题示例： （2025·江西新余·模拟预测）假如你是李华。现在台风破坏性越来越强，越来越多的地方洪水泛滥，伤亡现象很严重。请你用英语写封邮件邀请外教Tom来做一场关于急救知识的讲座。内容包括： 1.发出邀请； 2.讲座内容； 3.期待回复。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 举一反三： （2024·江西南昌·二模）假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的消防安全演习，请你在校英文论坛发表一篇帖子，分享此次经历，内容包括： 1．活动过程； 2．个人感悟。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：消防安全演习fire safety drill ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．（24-25高一上·云南昭通·阶段练习）假设你是李华，你的美国朋友汤姆从电视新闻上得知你所在的城市发生了地震，十分担心。请你给汤姆写一封信，告知其相关情况，内容包括： 1．你的家人平安地逃过一劫； 2．该地震的影响：6人死亡，500多人受伤，200多所房子成为废墟； 3．地震后的救援情况； 4．地震发生后你的感想。 注意： 1．词数80左右（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2．（24-25高一上·广东茂名·期末）假设你是学生会主席李华，你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座，请你写一封邮件，把讲座的情况告诉请假未听讲座的交换生Tom，内容包括以下要点： 1. 讲座的时间、地点； 2. 讲座内容； 3. 你的看法。 注意：1. 词数100词左右； 2. 文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 3．（24-25高一上·江西南昌·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Joe的家乡遭遇了严重地震，他的家受损严重，他本人也受伤了。请你给他写一封信，要点包括： 1.安慰和鼓励； 2.为他提供帮助(如募捐等)。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Joe, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 4．（24-25高一上·海南·期中）假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Henry来信说自己家乡灾害频发，前不久又遭受龙卷风袭击，他向你询问中国的自然灾害情况。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示安慰； 2. 中国的自然灾害情况。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：龙卷风tornado Dear Henry, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 5．（24-25高一下·甘肃白银·期末）假定你是李华，你的外国网友Joe的家乡遭遇了洪涝灾害。请你给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括： （1）给予安慰和鼓励； （2）提供帮助。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Joe, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 6．（24-25高一下·江苏连云港·阶段练习）假设你是李华，你校校报英文版正在就“自然灾害的应急处理”这一话题征文，请你以How to react in an earthquake为题，就如何应对地震写一篇短文，主要内容包括： 1) 地震的日常防护； 2)震中的自救及注意事项。 注意：1）词数80左右； 2）可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．（23-24高一上·江西南昌·期末）因为连日大雨, 你所在的城市发生水灾, 你是学校一名小记者, 请你用英语向校刊写一份报道。主要内容包含： (1)水灾发生的原因; (2)水灾造成的影响; (3)灾后情况。 注意： (1)词数80左右; (2)可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．（23-24高一上·吉林辽源·期末）假设你是李华，你校英语报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动。请你给英国朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括： 1. 说明缘由； 2. 请她介绍美国的自然灾害并谈谈影响、应对措施等； 3. 告知征文的截稿日期。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Alice, Our school English paper will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua $$Unit 4 Natural Disasters自然灾害 应用文写作精练（解析版） 写作主题 识 主题：自然灾害 写作词汇短语： 1. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. natural disasters自然灾害 3. volcanic eruption 火山喷发 4. be flooded with 被…所淹没 挤满 充满 5. at least\at most 至少\至多 6. be damaged\ destroyed\ruined 受到损害 7. do damage to 对……有损害 8. affect = have an effect on 影响 9. set up shelters 建立避难所 10. first aid kit 急救箱 11. sweep away 消灭;彻底消除;扫除 12. suffer from terrible injuries 受重伤 13. suffer from 遭受;患....病;受之苦 14. make sure 确保 15. stay calm 保持镇静 16. come to an end 结束 告终 17. be trapped in 被困在…… 18. be buried in doing sth. 埋头做某事 专心做某事 19. rescue the survivors营救幸存者 20. in danger 处于危险之中 21. in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 22. in the open air 露天;在户外 23. suffer hardship 遭受困苦 写作句型： 1. A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing .. 一个可怕的地震发生在….杀死了…. 2. It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless. 地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌，道路被毁,许多人无家可归。 3. With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved. 在救援队的帮助下，困在洪水中的人们得救了。 4. In the past hundred years, there have been frequent natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, and new deserts. 在过去的几百年里，自然灾难不断，例如洪水，干旱，地震和沙漠化。 5.The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake. 地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。 6. Human activity is an indispensable factor causing natural disasters. 人类自身的活动是造成自然灾害的一个不可或缺的因素。 模拟真题示例： （2025·江西新余·模拟预测）假如你是李华。现在台风破坏性越来越强，越来越多的地方洪水泛滥，伤亡现象很严重。请你用英语写封邮件邀请外教Tom来做一场关于急救知识的讲座。内容包括： 1.发出邀请； 2.讲座内容； 3.期待回复。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, How are you going recently? I wrote this letter to invite you to give us a lecture on first aid knowledge sincerely. Perhaps due to human damage to the environment, typhoons are becoming increasingly destructive, and more and more areas are experiencing flooding. People tend to get hurt or trapped more easily. You’re an expert in first aid. Could you tell us what we should do in case of emergency? At last, it’ll be very appreciated if the lecture is practical and lasts about an hour. We all hope you can help us and are looking forward to your early reply. Wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份写一封邀请外教Tom开展急救知识讲座的电子邮件，内容包含正式邀请、讲座主题说明及期待对方回复。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 最近：recently → lately 真诚地：sincerely → genuinely 最后：at last → finally 帮助：help → assist 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I wrote this letter to invite you to give us a lecture on first aid knowledge sincerely. 拓展句：I wrote this letter with the sincere purpose that you can give us a lecture on first aid knowledge. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Could you tell us what we should do in case of emergency?(运用了what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】We all hope you can help us and are looking forward to your early reply.(运用了省略that的宾语从句作hope的宾语) 举一反三： （2024·江西南昌·二模）假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的消防安全演习，请你在校英文论坛发表一篇帖子，分享此次经历，内容包括： 1．活动过程； 2．个人感悟。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：消防安全演习fire safety drill ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】     Last week I took part in a safety drill organized by our school, which left me a deep impression. We were having a math class when suddenly the fire alarm rang. Under the guidance of our teacher, we immediately left the classroom. With my hands covering my mouth, I bent down a bit and ran downstairs quickly on our evacuation route. At last, we landed on the playground successfully. The drill not only raised our fire safety awareness but also offered me a real scene in case of a fire, greatly improving our survival skills. I have a firm belief that it will truly save lives in emergencies. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在校英文论坛发表一篇帖子，分享上周参加的学校组织的消防安全演习活动，说明活动过程和个人感悟。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 立即：immediately → instantly 快速地：quickly →fast 提高/加强：improve → strengthen 2.句式拓展 变倒装句 原句：The drill not only raised our fire safety awareness but also offered me a real scene in case of a fire, greatly improving our survival skills. 拓展句：Not only did the drill raise our fire safety awareness but it also offered me a real scene in case of a fire, greatly improving our survival skills. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last week I took part in a safety drill organized by our school, which left me a deep impression.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】We were having a math class when suddenly the fire alarm rang.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 1．（24-25高一上·云南昭通·阶段练习）假设你是李华，你的美国朋友汤姆从电视新闻上得知你所在的城市发生了地震，十分担心。请你给汤姆写一封信，告知其相关情况，内容包括： 1．你的家人平安地逃过一劫； 2．该地震的影响：6人死亡，500多人受伤，200多所房子成为废墟； 3．地震后的救援情况； 4．地震发生后你的感想。 注意： 1．词数80左右（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, Knowing you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details. Luckily, my family and I survived the quake safe and sound. However, the earthquake did do some damage to our city, in which six people were killed and more than five hundred were seriously injured. Besides, it also made over two hundred houses lie in ruins. Fortunately, our government and rescue workers came to our rescue in time, with a number of medical workers and volunteers providing help to us. Not only did I feel the warmth of humanity but I also realized that we can certainly get over the disaster if we can unify. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国朋友汤姆从电视新闻上得知考生所在的城市发生了地震，十分担心，要求考生按照要求给汤姆写一封信，告知其相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 担心：be worried about → be anxious about 严重地：seriously → severely 及时：in time → timely 肯定：certainly → undoubtedly 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Knowing you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details. 拓展句：Since I know you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details.（省略引导词that的宾语从句、运用了which引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】However, the earthquake did do some damage to our city, in which six people were killed and more than five hundred were seriously injured.（运用了“介词in+which”引导的非限制性定语从句） 2．（24-25高一上·广东茂名·期末）假设你是学生会主席李华，你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座，请你写一封邮件，把讲座的情况告诉请假未听讲座的交换生Tom，内容包括以下要点： 1. 讲座的时间、地点； 2. 讲座内容； 3. 你的看法。 注意：1. 词数100词左右； 2. 文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, How are you today? I’m writing to share with you the information about the speech given by Professor Li. Professor Li, a famous expert on earthquakes, delivered a speech on how to survive during an earthquake in the school hall on Friday afternoon. From his speech, we have recognized that if one knows how to behave when an earthquake strikes, the chance to survive will be greatly improved. He taught us a lot of self-rescue skills. For example, the most important is to stay calm and quickly move to a safe place. If trapped indoors, stay there and hide under a strong desk or table as a protecting shelter. If outdoors, move into the open air where falling objects are unlikely to strike us. In summary, the speech is of great help and all of us need to know what to do during an earthquake. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给请假未听讲座的交换生Tom写一封邮件，告知他有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座的情况，需简要说明讲座的时间、地点，详细介绍讲座的内容，并分享自己的看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有名的：famous→well-known, renowned 意识到：recognize→realize 例如：for example→for instance 总之：in summary→to sum up, in conclusion 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In summary, the speech is of great help and all of us need to know what to do during an earthquake. 拓展句：In summary, the speech is of great help and all of us need to know what we should do during an earthquake. 【点睛】[高分句型1] From his speech, we have recognized that if one knows how to behave when an earthquake strikes, the chance to survive will be greatly improved. (运用了that引导宾语从句、if引导条件状语从句、when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] If outdoors, move into the open air where falling objects are unlikely to strike us. (运用了If 引导的条件状语从句的省略以及where引导限制性定语从句) 3．（24-25高一上·江西南昌·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Joe的家乡遭遇了严重地震，他的家受损严重，他本人也受伤了。请你给他写一封信，要点包括： 1.安慰和鼓励； 2.为他提供帮助(如募捐等)。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Joe, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Joe, I’m deeply sorry to hear about the severe earthquake that struck your hometown, causing significant damage to your home and injuring you. Please know that you’re not alone in this difficult time. Stay strong and brave, and remember that every cloud has a silver lining. I want to do something to help you and your community. I plan to initiate a fund-raising campaign among our friends to support the reconstruction efforts. Let’s work together to overcome this challenge. Take care and get well soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就外国笔友Joe的家乡遭遇严重地震，其家受损严重且他本人也受伤的情况，写一封信给予安慰、鼓励，并提供帮助。 【详解】1.词汇积累 引起：cause → lead to/result in 困难的：difficult → hard 帮助：help → assist/aid 克服：overcome → conquer/surmount 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I want to do something to help you and your community. 拓展句：I want to do something that can help you and your community get through this difficult time. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m deeply sorry to hear about the severe earthquake that struck your hometown, causing significant damage to your home and injuring you. (运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句和现在分词短语作结果状语) [高分句型2] Please know that you’re not alone in this difficult time. (运用了连词that引导宾语从句) 4．（24-25高一上·海南·期中）假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Henry来信说自己家乡灾害频发，前不久又遭受龙卷风袭击，他向你询问中国的自然灾害情况。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示安慰； 2. 中国的自然灾害情况。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：龙卷风tornado Dear Henry, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Henry, I was deeply saddened to hear about the recent tornado that struck your hometown, along with the frequent disasters you’ve been experiencing. Please know that my thoughts are with you and your community during this difficult time. Regarding China, we also face various natural disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and occasionally tornadoes, and their frequency and severity vary across regions. The government and people work tirelessly to mitigate their impacts and provide relief. I believe that as long as we work together, we can definitely reduce the negative impacts caused by natural disasters. Take care and stay safe. Best regards, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Henry写一封电子邮件，对于他来信说自己家乡灾害频发表示安慰，并介绍中国的自然灾害情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 悲伤的：saddened→grieved 各种各样的：various→a variety of 缓解：mitigate→ease off 肯定地：definitely→surely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The government and people work tirelessly to mitigate their impacts and provide relief. 拓展句：The government and people work tirelessly to mitigate their impacts and provide relief, which are greatly meaningful for all the people. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I was deeply saddened to hear about the recent tornado that struck your hometown, along with the frequent disasters you’ve been experiencing. （运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Regarding China, we also face various natural disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and occasionally tornadoes, and their frequency and severity vary across regions. （运用了介词短语作状语） 5．（24-25高一下·甘肃白银·期末）假定你是李华，你的外国网友Joe的家乡遭遇了洪涝灾害。请你给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括： （1）给予安慰和鼓励； （2）提供帮助。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Joe, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Joe, I’m so sad to know that a heavy flood struck your hometown the other day. I’m writing to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. I know that you are physically hurt. I do feel bad about this and I hope you can fully recover soon. Meanwhile, never lose heart and don’t forget I am always by your side. I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible. Wish you all the best. And feel free to contact me if you need any more help. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给家乡遭遇洪涝灾害的外国网友Joe写一封电子邮件，给予安慰和鼓励。 【详解】1.词汇积累 袭击：strike→hit 提供：offer→afford 支援：backup→support 完全地：fully→entirely 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. 拓展句：The reason why I’m writing is that I want to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】And feel free to contact me if you need any more help.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 6．（24-25高一下·江苏连云港·阶段练习）假设你是李华，你校校报英文版正在就“自然灾害的应急处理”这一话题征文，请你以How to react in an earthquake为题，就如何应对地震写一篇短文，主要内容包括： 1) 地震的日常防护； 2)震中的自救及注意事项。 注意：1）词数80左右； 2）可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】                                                                               How to react in an earthquake How to react in a disaster like an earthquake really matters. Proper reaction can help reduce damage and even save lives. If an earthquake occurs, be aware where and how to stay safe. Do prepare supplies in advance, which may help us survive the disaster. Once encountering an earthquake, don’t panic. If inside a room, stay under strong desks or beds. When escaping from the scene, never take the lift; otherwise we may get trapped. If outside, try to stay off buildings and electricity supplies and move to a safer place as soon as possible. Follow what are mentioned above, you can make yourself safe and sound. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以How to react in an earthquake为题，就如何应对地震写一篇短文。其内容包括： 地震的日常防护、震中的自救和注意事项。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 拯救：save→rescue 发生：occur→take place 能够：can→be able to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： Proper reaction can help reduce damage and even save lives. 拓展句：There is no doubt that proper reaction can help reduce damage and even save lives. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Do prepare supplies in advance, which may help us survive the disaster. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Follow what are mentioned above, you can make yourself safe and sound.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 7．（23-24高一上·江西南昌·期末）因为连日大雨, 你所在的城市发生水灾, 你是学校一名小记者, 请你用英语向校刊写一份报道。主要内容包含： (1)水灾发生的原因; (2)水灾造成的影响; (3)灾后情况。 注意： (1)词数80左右; (2)可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A flood struck our city because it had been raining heavily for several days. As people received the warning message in advance, none of them were trapped in the flood. And what’s most important is that no people were injured or killed. But it caused the traffic to stop for a few hours and destroyed power facilities, making the electricity supply in some areas cut off, which affected people’s daily life. After the flood, people all take action. Generous people make donations to those people in need. With strong support from the local government and the joint efforts of local people, now everything has returned to normal. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你所在的城市发生水灾向校刊写一份报道。其内容包括：水灾发生的原因、水灾造成的影响和灾后情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提前：in advance →ahead of time 被困于：be trapped in →be stuck in 重要的：important→significant 影响：affect→influence 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： Generous people make donations to those people in need. 拓展句： Generous people make donations to those who are in need. 【点睛】【高分句型1】And what’s most important is that no people were injured or killed. （运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】 But it caused the traffic to stop for a few hours and destroyed power facilities, making the electricity supply in some areas cut off, which affected people’s daily life.（运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 8．（23-24高一上·吉林辽源·期末）假设你是李华，你校英语报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动。请你给英国朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括： 1. 说明缘由； 2. 请她介绍美国的自然灾害并谈谈影响、应对措施等； 3. 告知征文的截稿日期。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Alice, Our school English paper will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Alice, Our school English paper will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. I’d like to invite you to take part in it. It is well-known that many natural disasters happen every year in America, causing great damage. You can introduce the main natural disasters, such as hurricanes and snowstorms and tell some common knowledge about them. For example, you can discuss how they happen, what harm they may cause, and what you can do in face of disasters. The measures you take may benefit us, as we also face many natural disasters. The deadline is June 8th, 2020. Looking forward to your article. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加学校英语报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 导致：cause → lead to 例如：for example → for instance 面对：face → be faced with 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：It is well-known that many natural disasters happen every year in America, causing great damage. 拓展句：As is known to all, many natural disasters happen every year in America, causing great damage. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, you can discuss how they happen, what harm they may cause, and what you can do in face of disasters. (运用了how和what引导的宾语从句作discuss的宾语) 【高分句型2】The measures you take may benefit us, as we also face many natural disasters. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句修饰名词measures以及as引导的原因状语从句) $$