Unit 3 Sports and Fitness（话题阅读精练）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 话题阅读精练 主题词汇与拓展 1. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 派生：athletic (adj. 运动的；强健的) 搭配：professional athlete（职业运动员） 2. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；比赛 派生：competition (n. 比赛), competitive (adj. 竞争的) 短语：compete in（参加比赛）, compete with/against（与…竞争） 3. honour (honor) /ˈɒnə(r)/ n. 荣誉；v. 尊敬 搭配：win honor for（为…赢得荣誉）, in honor of（为纪念…） 4. determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心 派生：determined (adj. 坚定的) 短语：show great determination（表现出极大决心） 5. injure /ˈɪndʒə(r)/ v. 受伤 派生：injury (n. 伤害), injured (adj. 受伤的) 辨析：wound（多指刀枪伤）, hurt（泛指疼痛或情感伤害） 6. strength /streŋθ/ n. 力量；优势 派生：strengthen (v. 加强) 反义：weakness（弱点） 7. failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败；失败的人/事 反义：success（成功） 搭配：learn from failure（从失败中学习） 8. pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装 搭配：pretend to do sth.（假装做某事） 9. bend (bent, bent) /bend/ v. 弯曲；弯腰 短语：bend down（弯腰） 10. cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v. 欢呼；n. 喝彩 短语：cheer sb. up（使某人振作） 高频短语 1. break a record打破纪录 反义：set a record（创纪录） 2. give up放弃 同义：quit（放弃） 3. lose heart灰心 反义：stay motivated（保持动力） 4. make sense有意义；讲得通 例句：His explanation doesn’t make sense.（他的解释说不通。） 5. take part in参加（活动） 同义：participate in 6. work out锻炼；计算出 例句：I work out at the gym twice a week.（我每周去健身房锻炼两次。） 易混淆词辨析 1. win vs. beat win + 比赛/奖项（win a game/prize） beat + 对手（beat the opponent） 2. join/join in/take part in join 加入组织（join a club） join in/take part in 参加活动 3. fit vs. healthy fit 侧重身体强健（physically fit） healthy 泛指健康（healthy lifestyle） 语法考点 4. “used to do” vs. “be/get used to doing” used to do（过去常常做，现在不做了） be used to doing（习惯于做某事） 5. 情态动词表推测 must be（肯定）, may/might be（可能）, can’t be（不可能） 6. 写作加分词 perseverance (n. 毅力) team spirit (团队精神) sportsmanship (n. 体育精神) 话题阅读精练题 一、阅读理解 Passage 01 Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like sportsmanship. Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (有体育精神的人) respect their teammates and also their opponents. They respect their coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games. 1 They shout at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees. Kids usually learn sportsmanship good and bad from the adults in their lives. 2 If parents and coaches show disrespect for other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field. 3 Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team. Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life. 4 Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace. So be a good sport in whatever you do! 5 When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn’t the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fum, getting exercise, and improving your skills! A．Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways. B．However, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect. C．Players’ parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow. D．We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them. E．Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old. F．If you’re a good sport on the field, you’ll also likely be a good sport in the classroom. G．The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others. Passage 02 How fast can someone climb 15 meters — the height of a five-floor building? The answer from Chinese speed climber Cao Long is 4.98 seconds. The 23-year-old is the third person to have finished the speed climbing route (竞速攀岩路线) in less than 5 seconds. The other two are Indonesian athletes Kiromal Katibin and Veddriq Leonardo. People call Cao “the fastest man” in China or “Chinese Spider-Man”. According to Cao, the result of speed climbing can change every time because it’s a highly stressful race where two climbers compete at the same time. It’s also a sport that finishes in seconds. If you want to succeed, everything has to be perfect. But this pressure is part of the reason why Cao loves the sport. “The pressure of competing side by side with another climber really excites me,” he said. “And I do enjoy the feeling when the result of a climb is more than my personal best.” Cao tried climbing at the age of 8. Like many kids who first get into climbing, Cao was mainly doing bouldering (抱石攀岩) and lead climbing (先锋攀岩) and was doing very well. However, he got wounded and had an operation at the age of 18. He then decided to try speed climbing because it uses different skills from bouldering and lead climbing and puts less pressure on his body. It turned out that Cao was great at speed climbing as well, even though he thinks he is hardly the strongest athlete. He understands how to use his body to win. “I know how to better distribute (分配) power to different parts of my body,” Cao said. In his eyes, the national record of 4.98 seconds has become thing of the post. “I’ll keep trying to do better and improve myself.” said Cao. 6．How does the writer start this story? A．By giving an example. B．By describing views. C．By asking a question. D．By giving a suggestion. 7．From the second paragraph we can learn ________. A．many people in China like watching the three kinds of climbing B．Kiromal Katibin and Veddriq Leonardo are from different countries C．Cao Long is called “Chinese Spider-Man” because of his climbing grade D．more than three climbers finished the fifteen-meter speed climbing route 8．The result of speed climbing changes every time. Which of the following isn’t the reason? A．Everyone can succeed easily. B．It is a sport that finishes in seconds. C．It’s a highly stressful race. D．Two climbers compete at the same time. 9．What’s Cao Long’s winning secret? A．He thinks he is hardly the strongest athlete. B．He did bouldering and lead climbing very well. C．He tried climbing earlier than the other children. D．He understands how to use his body better to win. Passage 03 Born in Balmain, New South Wales in 1937, Dawn Fraser is the youngest of eight children from a working-class family. In 1952, her great swimming ability was noticed by coach Harry Gallagher, who took over her training and set the 1956 Olympics as their goal. In 1955 Dawn won her first Australian title in the 220 yards freestyle and. during that summer season, went on to rewrite the record books: setting new Australian records in all freestyle events up to 880 yards. At the 1956 Melbourne Olympics she became an Australian national hero and world swimming star, winning the 100 metres freestyle gold medal in world record time as well as taking gold in the 100 metres freestyle relay and silver in the 400 metres freestyle. Dawn won two more gold medals at the 1958 Commonwealth Games in Cardiff, Wales, and another gold at the Rome Olympics in 1960 for the 100 metres freestyle. By this time she had become a legend of the first rank in Australian sport. Back then, as today, she remained untouched by her achievements. After winning four gold medals at the 1962 Commonwealth Games in Perth. Dawn finished her international swimming career at the Tokyo Olympics in 1964, silencing her critics by winning a gold medal in the 100 metres freestyle at the age of 27. This took her Olympic medal count to four gold medals and four silver medals. She has continued to give back to her sport and other sports by being a mentor(良师) for Abled and Disabled Australian Olympic Teams since 1988. Twenty years later Dawn returned to public life. She has since kept an active role in the sporting and wider community as patron(代言人) of the Cerebral Palsy Sports Association, the Wheelchair Sports Association of Victoria and of the Ladies Professional Golf Association. She is also a member of the NSW Sports Advisory Board and is a director of the Wests Tigers Football Club, Balmain Leagues Club and Balmain Football Club. 10．What happened when Dawn was 18? A．She broke records in different events. B．She drew Harry Gallagher’s attention. C．She found a new way of training. D．She became a national hero. 11．When did Dawn start to be seen as a legend of Australian sport? A．After she finished her international swimming career in 1964 B．After she won gold at the Rome Olympics in 1960. C．At the 1962 Commonwealth Games in Perth. D．At the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. 12．What has Dawn done after returning to public life? A．She has been working in the sporting business. B．She has set up organisations to help athletes. C．She has started to train young athletes. D．She has been busy with her family life. 13．How is the text mainly developed? A．By showing opinions. B．By giving instructions. C．By following time order. D．By providing research results. Passage 04 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job，she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standard­based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges，she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he had worked with many outstanding teachers in his 22 years as an educator，but Peterson is “just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before”． Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S．E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom，Peterson helped them write a 30­minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race，equality and social justice，the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs by herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Falls.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors. As national teacher of the year，Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom，as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly，she is a big believer in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 14．The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means________. A．discouraging B．interesting C．creative D．unbearable 15．What is the most important reason that Peterson won the award? A．She concerned herself with current social problems. B．She motivated students to learn music with her creativity. C．She has taught music at the elementary school for 22 years. D．She made great efforts to arouse students’ interest in literature. 16．Which of the following is an example of Peterson’s way of teaching music? A．She wrote plays on themes of race，equality and social justice. B．She made use of the contents of other classes in her teaching. C．She organized classroom discussions of Broadway tunes. D．She helped students compose songs by themselves. 17．In Peterson’s opinion，________. A．art，music and PE classes are all important B．more subjects should be offered to students C．students should be motivated to attend art classes D．arts education is more important than other subjects 18．It can be inferred from the text that________. A．Peterson’s honor was a surprise for the local people B．Peterson’s art classes attracted students back to school C．Peterson aroused the local residents’ passion for music D．Peterson will change her profession next year Passage 05 Middle school student Joaquin invented a car seat alarm system to remind parents that their child is in the backseat. He did so after reading a shocking story of a father whose baby died of heat stroke after accidentally being left in a hot car. Joaquin felt something had to be done to prevent this. The following is what he told a reporter. A closed car increased the surrounding temperature, leading to a sharper increase in temperature when parked in the sun and children overheat several times faster than adults. Of the 360 deaths caused by heat stroke in cars in America in the last decade, most were caused when a child was forgotten inside a car. This was why I designed an alarm to warn drivers of the case. To detect when a baby was in a car seat, I tried working with a weight sensor, but it produced too many false signs. After more research, I used a magnetic sensor, which could be activated when the seat belt was closed. If a driver locked the car with the baby in, the car alarm system would start sounding, and the car would not lock. I have participated in several science fair competitions. STEM is the main source of knowledge for every field in the world and it needn’t be a complicated subject at school. This is what first interested me, which changed the way I saw the world. Broadcom MASTERS has encouraged me to pursue STEM. When I was presenting my project at Texas Science Fair 2017, the judges came by and I felt I failed. Then I saw four families crowding around my board — I was shocked. They wanted me to present my project to them because they knew about it from the news. They asked me to talk to their kids to inspire them. My advice is: Work hard, and do what you enjoy. Instead of always watching TV, think how you can create something you’re interested in. 19．What led to Joaquin inventing a car seat alarm system? A．A baby’s death in a car. B．Many children being left in cars. C．The 360 deaths by heat stroke in cars. D．Parents’ failure to look after their children. 20．What is the advantage of a magnetic sensor? A．It is easier to operate. B．It is activated more easily. C．It can give warns correctly. D．It can sound to warn parents. 21．What can be inferred about Joaquin? A．He began to pursue STEM last year. B．He was interested in science at school. C．He won several awards at science fairs. D．He found science complicated at school. 22．Why did four families take their kids to Joaquin’s project? A．To reduce their kids’ TV time. B．To get an award from Joaquin. C．To get encouragement from Joaquin. D．To ask Joaquin to teach their kids. Passage 06 Grandma Irene O’Shea has proven once again that age is no barrier (障碍) to adventure, becoming the world’s oldest skydiver after jumping from14,000 feet up in the sky. In front of families and friends, the 102-year-old lady from Adelaide, South Australia, completed her landing on Sunday, December 9, 2018, taking the title from Kenny Meyer of New Jersey, US. After landing with SA Skydiving on Sunday afternoon, Ms O’Shea said she had no fear of heading into her jump. “I felt normal, about the same as previous (先前的) jumps,” she said. “I was with the same partner (Jed Smith) and the same young men were in the plane with me. It was very clear up there and the weather was good but it was very cold up there.” In 2016, Ms O’Shea celebrated her birthday by skydiving for the first time, and returned a year later, when she became the world’s oldest female skydiver. She has so far raised close to $12,000 for Motor Neurone Disease, which her daughter Shelagh died from at the age of 67. She is hoping to raise another $10,000 from this year’s jump for charity. “I lost my daughter to that terrible disease 10 years ago and I miss her,” Ms O’Shea said. Ms O’Shea lives in the same house where she has lived since arriving in Australia. She drives her own car, reads without glasses and is in good health. She is already thinking about when her next jump might be. “Possibly I will jump next year and if I live long enough I will jump at 105,” she said. 23．In which year was Ms O’Shea born? A．In 1915. B．In 1916. C．In 1917. D．Uncertain. 24．How many times have Ms O’Shea taken part in skydiving so far ? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times. 25．Why did Ms O’Shea collect money from skydiving? A．In celebration of her birthday. B．In memory of her daughter. C．For the benefit of her friends. D．For the purpose of showing off. 26．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Never Too Old to Learn B．No Sex Barrier to Adventure C．A Special Birthday Celebration D．World-record Skydiving for Charity Passage 07 Benefits of Sports Doing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It’s a great way for children to take a break from studies and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven beneficial to overall well-being. The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you’ll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you’re involved. 27 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions. 28 Playing sports also contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, a high five from a teammate, or a handshake after a match really boosts a child’s confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise self-worth. 29 So after a game, it’s a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?” Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up responsibility and leadership. 30 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds responsibility and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader. Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance studies and athletics. 31 There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving! A．It’s not just your body that benefits from sports. B．Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit. C．But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss. D．If you play group sports, you’ll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach. E．Nearly every sport requires physical activities and the competitive skills. F．Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage. G．Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field. 二、完形填空 Cloze01 After having a child, I found my regular exercise interrupted. I was not only busy, but I also lacked the motivation. Solo gym sessions or some quick 32 following the DVD while the baby was sleeping didn’t 33 me at all. So I decided to sign up for a hiking trip in Peru, hoping that it would get me 34 again. Looking over my travel arrangements before I left, I 35 phrases such as “3-hour hike through primitive forests” and “sliding with a rope down waterfalls”, and I started to feel a little 36 . However, as we made our way through the forests and were 37 with amazing views of awesome waterfalls, this team of strangers 38 me to go on. Being physically active with a group motivated me to reach the 39 or the valley below—rather than simply lying down on the forest floor and giving up, 40 I might have done if I were alone. Experts confirm my experience: Group exercise can really start a new attitude toward fitness. “People get a better 41 in a group than they do on their own,” said Allison Kimmel, a group 42 instructor. That’s because other people 43 both support and competition. “Humans are 44 animals and the shared experience of facing a challenge 45 is compelling(不可抗拒的),” said David Ezell, the CEO of the fitness provider Darien Wellness. With the support of a group, I’m slowly getting back into a 46 lifestyle. 32．A．summaries B．additions C．exercise D．lectures 33．A．contribute to B．appeal to C．cater to D．object to 34．A．acting B．flying C．studying D．moving 35．A．examined B．scanned C．copied D．deleted 36．A．convinced B．disappointed C．delighted D．worried 37．A．rewarded B．crowded C．covered D．equipped 38．A．begged B．forced C．permitted D．inspired 39．A．summit B．foot C．destination D．waterfall 40．A．that B．which C．where D．when 41．A．position B．workout C．income D．diet 42．A．business B．career C．flight D．fitness 43．A．offer B．consume C．receive D．ignore 44．A．natural B．traditional C．practical D．social 45．A．alone B．alike C．together D．close 46．A．wealthier B．healthier C．higher D．richer 三、语法填空 47．When one firm or country (compete) with another, it tries to get people to buy its own goods in preference to those of the other firm or country. You can also say that two firms or countries compete. （所给词的适当形式填空） 48．The (positive) an article is on the Internet, the more likely it is to be shared. （所给词的适当形式填空） 四、选词填空 选词填空 A．breathtaking B．decorated C． charge D．analysis E. determination 49．A(n) found that while praising hard work over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone. 50．The manager asked me to be in of the department in the absence of him. 51．The State Apartments are luxuriously formal rooms still used for state and official functions. 52．A dream doesn’t become reality through magic: it takes sweat, and hard work. 五、书面表达 53．根据下列提示，写一段关于运动锻炼的想法。要求词数在60左右。 1.在现代社会中，体育运动和健康越来越受到重视。(fitness) 2.人们经常在健身房锻炼来保持身体健康。(work out) 3.一些著名运动员给我们树立了榜样，给了我们很大的鼓励。(set an example) 4.即使可能会受伤，但我下定决心不丧失信心、不放弃。(determine; lose heart; give up) 句型：even if/ though引导让步状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 话题阅读精练 主题词汇与拓展 1. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 派生：athletic (adj. 运动的；强健的) 搭配：professional athlete（职业运动员） 2. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；比赛 派生：competition (n. 比赛), competitive (adj. 竞争的) 短语：compete in（参加比赛）, compete with/against（与…竞争） 3. honour (honor) /ˈɒnə(r)/ n. 荣誉；v. 尊敬 搭配：win honor for（为…赢得荣誉）, in honor of（为纪念…） 4. determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心 派生：determined (adj. 坚定的) 短语：show great determination（表现出极大决心） 5. injure /ˈɪndʒə(r)/ v. 受伤 派生：injury (n. 伤害), injured (adj. 受伤的) 辨析：wound（多指刀枪伤）, hurt（泛指疼痛或情感伤害） 6. strength /streŋθ/ n. 力量；优势 派生：strengthen (v. 加强) 反义：weakness（弱点） 7. failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败；失败的人/事 反义：success（成功） 搭配：learn from failure（从失败中学习） 8. pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装 搭配：pretend to do sth.（假装做某事） 9. bend (bent, bent) /bend/ v. 弯曲；弯腰 短语：bend down（弯腰） 10. cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v. 欢呼；n. 喝彩 短语：cheer sb. up（使某人振作） 高频短语 1. break a record打破纪录 反义：set a record（创纪录） 2. give up放弃 同义：quit（放弃） 3. lose heart灰心 反义：stay motivated（保持动力） 4. make sense有意义；讲得通 例句：His explanation doesn’t make sense.（他的解释说不通。） 5. take part in参加（活动） 同义：participate in 6. work out锻炼；计算出 例句：I work out at the gym twice a week.（我每周去健身房锻炼两次。） 易混淆词辨析 1. win vs. beat win + 比赛/奖项（win a game/prize） beat + 对手（beat the opponent） 2. join/join in/take part in join 加入组织（join a club） join in/take part in 参加活动 3. fit vs. healthy fit 侧重身体强健（physically fit） healthy 泛指健康（healthy lifestyle） 语法考点 4. “used to do” vs. “be/get used to doing” used to do（过去常常做，现在不做了） be used to doing（习惯于做某事） 5. 情态动词表推测 must be（肯定）, may/might be（可能）, can’t be（不可能） 6. 写作加分词 perseverance (n. 毅力) team spirit (团队精神) sportsmanship (n. 体育精神) 话题阅读精练题 一、阅读理解 Passage 01 Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like sportsmanship. Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (有体育精神的人) respect their teammates and also their opponents. They respect their coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games. 1 They shout at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees. Kids usually learn sportsmanship good and bad from the adults in their lives. 2 If parents and coaches show disrespect for other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field. 3 Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team. Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life. 4 Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace. So be a good sport in whatever you do! 5 When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn’t the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fum, getting exercise, and improving your skills! A．Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways. B．However, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect. C．Players’ parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow. D．We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them. E．Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old. F．If you’re a good sport on the field, you’ll also likely be a good sport in the classroom. G．The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．G 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是良好的体育精神的好处。 1．后文“They shout at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.(他们对他们的队友大喊大叫，和教练或裁判顶嘴)”与设空处前的表述内容相反，因而设空处有转折含义，B项“However, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect.(然而，糟糕的体育精神都是关于不尊重的)”中“However”表示转折，“disrespect”与下文所述的“对队友大喊大叫，与教练和裁判顶嘴”呼应。故选B。 2．C项“Players’ parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow.(运动员的父母和教练为孩子们树立了榜样)”说明了运动员的父母和教练对孩子的影响，后文“If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field.(如果父母和教练对其他球迷、裁判或彼此不尊重，孩子们很可能在运动场上也会表现出同样的行为)”是对C项的进一步详细说明，且“parents and coaches”也与C项中内容呼应。故选C。 3．根据后文“Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.(其中一些非常简单，比如在比赛前和其他队员握手。其他的例子可能需要更多的勇气，比如承认对方赛队的出色表现)”可知，这里在列举好的体育精神的表现方式，其中“Some of them”，“Other examples”与A项“Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.(良好的体育精神可以通过许多方式表现出来)”中的“in many ways”呼应。故选A。 4．根据前文“Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness(礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life.(学习良好的体育精神是很重要的，因为它有助于你培养一种优雅和尊重的态度，这将延续到你生活的所有其他领域)”可知，良好的体育精神对生活中其他方面也有影响，F项“If you’re a good sport on the field, you’ll also likely be a good sport in the classroom.(如果你在运动场上是一名优秀的运动员，那么你在课堂上也很可能是优秀的)”内容上承接了前文，并且“in the classroom”与后文“Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.(在课堂上表现得好，最终也会在工作中表现得好)”呼应，F项承上启下。故选F。 5．G项“The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others.(你树立的榜样对其他人来说是一个强大的教学工具)”中的“others”与后文“When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn’t the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fum, getting exercise, and improving your skills!(当其他人看到你的行为表明胜利不是最重要的事情时，你可以把注意力转移到重要的事情上，比如运动、锻炼和提高技能！)”中的“others”呼应；“The example you set”与前文“So be a good sport in whatever you do!（所以无论你做什么都要做好榜样!）”中的“So be a good sport”呼应。故选G。 Passage 02 How fast can someone climb 15 meters — the height of a five-floor building? The answer from Chinese speed climber Cao Long is 4.98 seconds. The 23-year-old is the third person to have finished the speed climbing route (竞速攀岩路线) in less than 5 seconds. The other two are Indonesian athletes Kiromal Katibin and Veddriq Leonardo. People call Cao “the fastest man” in China or “Chinese Spider-Man”. According to Cao, the result of speed climbing can change every time because it’s a highly stressful race where two climbers compete at the same time. It’s also a sport that finishes in seconds. If you want to succeed, everything has to be perfect. But this pressure is part of the reason why Cao loves the sport. “The pressure of competing side by side with another climber really excites me,” he said. “And I do enjoy the feeling when the result of a climb is more than my personal best.” Cao tried climbing at the age of 8. Like many kids who first get into climbing, Cao was mainly doing bouldering (抱石攀岩) and lead climbing (先锋攀岩) and was doing very well. However, he got wounded and had an operation at the age of 18. He then decided to try speed climbing because it uses different skills from bouldering and lead climbing and puts less pressure on his body. It turned out that Cao was great at speed climbing as well, even though he thinks he is hardly the strongest athlete. He understands how to use his body to win. “I know how to better distribute (分配) power to different parts of my body,” Cao said. In his eyes, the national record of 4.98 seconds has become thing of the post. “I’ll keep trying to do better and improve myself.” said Cao. 6．How does the writer start this story? A．By giving an example. B．By describing views. C．By asking a question. D．By giving a suggestion. 7．From the second paragraph we can learn ________. A．many people in China like watching the three kinds of climbing B．Kiromal Katibin and Veddriq Leonardo are from different countries C．Cao Long is called “Chinese Spider-Man” because of his climbing grade D．more than three climbers finished the fifteen-meter speed climbing route 8．The result of speed climbing changes every time. Which of the following isn’t the reason? A．Everyone can succeed easily. B．It is a sport that finishes in seconds. C．It’s a highly stressful race. D．Two climbers compete at the same time. 9．What’s Cao Long’s winning secret? A．He thinks he is hardly the strongest athlete. B．He did bouldering and lead climbing very well. C．He tried climbing earlier than the other children. D．He understands how to use his body better to win. 【答案】6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了有“中国蜘蛛侠”之称的速度攀岩运动员曹龙的故事。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段“How fast can someone climb 15 meters — the height of a five-floor building?(一个人能以多快的速度爬上15米——五层楼的高度？)”和第二段中的“The answer from Chinese speed climber Cao Long is 4.98 seconds.(中国速度攀岩运动员曹龙的答案是4.98秒)”可知，作者是以问问题来开篇的。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The 23-year-old is the third person to have finished the speed climbing route (竞速攀岩路线) in less than 5 seconds.(这位23岁的选手是第三位在5秒内完成这条速度爬坡路线的选手)”以及“People call Cao “the fastest man” in China or “Chinese Spider-Man”.(人们称曹为“中国最快的人”或“中国蜘蛛侠”)”可知，曹龙因其攀爬成绩而被称为“中国蜘蛛侠”。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“According to Cao, the result of speed climbing can change every time because it’s a highly stressful race where two climbers compete at the same time. It’s also a sport that finishes in seconds.(据曹说，速度攀爬的结果每次都会改变，因为这是一项高度紧张的比赛，两名登山者同时比赛。这也是一项在几秒钟内完成的运动)”可知，曹龙认为速度攀岩的结果每次都会改变，因为这是一项高度紧张的比赛，两名攀岩者同时比赛，这也是一项在几秒钟内完成的运动，所以A项没有提及。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I know how to better distribute (分配) power to different parts of my body(我知道如何更好地将力量分配到身体的不同部位)”可知，曹龙获胜的秘诀是他知道如何更好地利用自己的身体来赢得比赛。故选D。 Passage 03 Born in Balmain, New South Wales in 1937, Dawn Fraser is the youngest of eight children from a working-class family. In 1952, her great swimming ability was noticed by coach Harry Gallagher, who took over her training and set the 1956 Olympics as their goal. In 1955 Dawn won her first Australian title in the 220 yards freestyle and. during that summer season, went on to rewrite the record books: setting new Australian records in all freestyle events up to 880 yards. At the 1956 Melbourne Olympics she became an Australian national hero and world swimming star, winning the 100 metres freestyle gold medal in world record time as well as taking gold in the 100 metres freestyle relay and silver in the 400 metres freestyle. Dawn won two more gold medals at the 1958 Commonwealth Games in Cardiff, Wales, and another gold at the Rome Olympics in 1960 for the 100 metres freestyle. By this time she had become a legend of the first rank in Australian sport. Back then, as today, she remained untouched by her achievements. After winning four gold medals at the 1962 Commonwealth Games in Perth. Dawn finished her international swimming career at the Tokyo Olympics in 1964, silencing her critics by winning a gold medal in the 100 metres freestyle at the age of 27. This took her Olympic medal count to four gold medals and four silver medals. She has continued to give back to her sport and other sports by being a mentor(良师) for Abled and Disabled Australian Olympic Teams since 1988. Twenty years later Dawn returned to public life. She has since kept an active role in the sporting and wider community as patron(代言人) of the Cerebral Palsy Sports Association, the Wheelchair Sports Association of Victoria and of the Ladies Professional Golf Association. She is also a member of the NSW Sports Advisory Board and is a director of the Wests Tigers Football Club, Balmain Leagues Club and Balmain Football Club. 10．What happened when Dawn was 18? A．She broke records in different events. B．She drew Harry Gallagher’s attention. C．She found a new way of training. D．She became a national hero. 11．When did Dawn start to be seen as a legend of Australian sport? A．After she finished her international swimming career in 1964 B．After she won gold at the Rome Olympics in 1960. C．At the 1962 Commonwealth Games in Perth. D．At the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. 12．What has Dawn done after returning to public life? A．She has been working in the sporting business. B．She has set up organisations to help athletes. C．She has started to train young athletes. D．She has been busy with her family life. 13．How is the text mainly developed? A．By showing opinions. B．By giving instructions. C．By following time order. D．By providing research results. 【答案】10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了澳大利亚游泳运动员Dawn Fraser的传奇人生。 10．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Born in Balmain, New South Wales in 1937”可知，Dawn出生于1937年，18岁是1955年；根据第二段中“In 1955 Dawn won her first Australian title in the 220 yards freestyle and during that summer season, went on to rewrite the record books: setting new Australian records in all freestyle events up to 880 yards.(1955年，Dawn在220码自由泳比赛中赢得了她的第一个澳大利亚冠军。在那个夏季，他继续改写记录：在所有自由泳项目中，他创造了880码的澳大利亚新纪录。)”可知，Dawn在18岁时在不同的赛事中打破记录。故选A项。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dawn won two more gold medals at the 1958 Commonwealth Games in Cardiff, Wales, and another gold at the Rome Olympics in 1960 for the 100 metres freestyle. By this time she had become a legend of the first rank in Australian sport.(Dawn在1958年威尔士加的夫举行的英联邦运动会上又赢得了两枚金牌，并在1960年罗马奥运会上获得100米自由泳金牌。此时，她已成为澳大利亚体育界一流的传奇人物。)”可知，在1960年罗马奥运会上夺得金牌之后，Dawn开始被看作澳大利亚体育界的传奇。故选B项。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She has since kept an active role in the sporting and wider community as patron(代言人) of the Cerebral Palsy Sports Association, the Wheelchair Sports Association of Victoria and of the Ladies Professional Golf Association. She is also a member of the NSW Sports Advisory Board and is a director of the Wests Tigers Football Club, Balmain Leagues Club and Balmain Football Club.(她一直在运动和更广泛的社区作为脑瘫运动协会，维多利亚轮椅运动协会和女子职业高尔夫协会的赞助人积极发挥作用。她也是新南威尔士州体育咨询委员会的成员，也是西虎足球俱乐部、巴尔曼联赛俱乐部和巴尔曼足球俱乐部的董事。)”可知，Dawn回归公共生活后一直在体育行业工作。故选A项。 13．推理判断题。根据文章中出现的多个时间线可知，本文是按照时间顺序讲述了Dawn Fraser的传奇人生。故选C项。 Passage 04 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job，she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standard­based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges，she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he had worked with many outstanding teachers in his 22 years as an educator，but Peterson is “just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before”． Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S．E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom，Peterson helped them write a 30­minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race，equality and social justice，the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs by herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Falls.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors. As national teacher of the year，Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom，as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly，she is a big believer in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 14．The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means________. A．discouraging B．interesting C．creative D．unbearable 15．What is the most important reason that Peterson won the award? A．She concerned herself with current social problems. B．She motivated students to learn music with her creativity. C．She has taught music at the elementary school for 22 years. D．She made great efforts to arouse students’ interest in literature. 16．Which of the following is an example of Peterson’s way of teaching music? A．She wrote plays on themes of race，equality and social justice. B．She made use of the contents of other classes in her teaching. C．She organized classroom discussions of Broadway tunes. D．She helped students compose songs by themselves. 17．In Peterson’s opinion，________. A．art，music and PE classes are all important B．more subjects should be offered to students C．students should be motivated to attend art classes D．arts education is more important than other subjects 18．It can be inferred from the text that________. A．Peterson’s honor was a surprise for the local people B．Peterson’s art classes attracted students back to school C．Peterson aroused the local residents’ passion for music D．Peterson will change her profession next year 【答案】14．A 15．B 16．B 17．A 18．A 【分析】本文属于人物传记类文章。文章介绍了Andrea Peterson的生平及她对推动音乐教学的巨大贡献及克服困难的创造力。 14．词义猜测题。根据第一段“...creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standard­based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers.”可知这个任务，没有钱买乐器，而且音乐课也不受重视，因此可知这个任务令人气馁，故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据第二段“For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges，she’s been named national teacher of the year.”可知她被授予国家年度教师的原因是她推动音乐教学和克服困难的创造力，故选B。 16．推理判断题。根据第四段“Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program...”可知Peterson老师可以利用其他科的内容来进行音乐教学，故选B。 17．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education...”可以推断出她认为音乐课和体育课都是十分重要的，故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Falls.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors.”可知人们没有想到小镇上的人也可以得国家奖项，故选A。 Passage 05 Middle school student Joaquin invented a car seat alarm system to remind parents that their child is in the backseat. He did so after reading a shocking story of a father whose baby died of heat stroke after accidentally being left in a hot car. Joaquin felt something had to be done to prevent this. The following is what he told a reporter. A closed car increased the surrounding temperature, leading to a sharper increase in temperature when parked in the sun and children overheat several times faster than adults. Of the 360 deaths caused by heat stroke in cars in America in the last decade, most were caused when a child was forgotten inside a car. This was why I designed an alarm to warn drivers of the case. To detect when a baby was in a car seat, I tried working with a weight sensor, but it produced too many false signs. After more research, I used a magnetic sensor, which could be activated when the seat belt was closed. If a driver locked the car with the baby in, the car alarm system would start sounding, and the car would not lock. I have participated in several science fair competitions. STEM is the main source of knowledge for every field in the world and it needn’t be a complicated subject at school. This is what first interested me, which changed the way I saw the world. Broadcom MASTERS has encouraged me to pursue STEM. When I was presenting my project at Texas Science Fair 2017, the judges came by and I felt I failed. Then I saw four families crowding around my board — I was shocked. They wanted me to present my project to them because they knew about it from the news. They asked me to talk to their kids to inspire them. My advice is: Work hard, and do what you enjoy. Instead of always watching TV, think how you can create something you’re interested in. 19．What led to Joaquin inventing a car seat alarm system? A．A baby’s death in a car. B．Many children being left in cars. C．The 360 deaths by heat stroke in cars. D．Parents’ failure to look after their children. 20．What is the advantage of a magnetic sensor? A．It is easier to operate. B．It is activated more easily. C．It can give warns correctly. D．It can sound to warn parents. 21．What can be inferred about Joaquin? A．He began to pursue STEM last year. B．He was interested in science at school. C．He won several awards at science fairs. D．He found science complicated at school. 22．Why did four families take their kids to Joaquin’s project? A．To reduce their kids’ TV time. B．To get an award from Joaquin. C．To get encouragement from Joaquin. D．To ask Joaquin to teach their kids. 【答案】19．A 20．C 21．B 22．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。中学生Joaquin发明了一个汽车座椅报警系统，提醒父母他们的孩子在后座上，讲述了他的灵感来源以及设备的工作方式。 19．细节理解题。根据第一段“He did so after reading a shocking story of a father whose baby died of heat stroke after accidentally being left in a hot car.(他之所以这么做，是因为他读到了一则令人震惊的报道：一位父亲的孩子被意外地留在了高温的汽车里，结果中暑身亡)”可知，Joaquin发明汽车座椅报警系统是因为一个婴儿死在车里。故选A。 20．细节理解题。根据第三段“To detect when a baby was in a car seat, I tried working with a weight sensor, but it produced too many false signs. After more research, I used a magnetic sensor, which could be activated when the seat belt was closed.(为了检测婴儿何时坐在汽车座椅上，我尝试使用体重传感器，但它产生了太多的错误信号。经过更多的研究，我使用了一个磁性传感器，它可以在安全带关闭时被激活)”可知，磁传感器的优点是能正确地发出警告。故选C。 21．推理判断题。根据第四段“I have participated in several science fair competitions. STEM is the main source of knowledge for every field in the world and it needn’t be a complicated subject at school. This is what first interested me, which changed the way I saw the world.(我参加过几次科学博览会比赛。STEM是世界上每个领域知识的主要来源，在学校里它不需要是一个复杂的学科。这是我最初感兴趣的东西，它改变了我看待世界的方式)”可知，Joaquin在学校时对科学感兴趣。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据第五段“They asked me to talk to their kids to inspire them.(他们让我和他们的孩子谈谈，激励他们)”可知，有四个家庭带他们的孩子去参加Joaquin的项目是为了得到Joaquin的鼓励。故选C。 Passage 06 Grandma Irene O’Shea has proven once again that age is no barrier (障碍) to adventure, becoming the world’s oldest skydiver after jumping from14,000 feet up in the sky. In front of families and friends, the 102-year-old lady from Adelaide, South Australia, completed her landing on Sunday, December 9, 2018, taking the title from Kenny Meyer of New Jersey, US. After landing with SA Skydiving on Sunday afternoon, Ms O’Shea said she had no fear of heading into her jump. “I felt normal, about the same as previous (先前的) jumps,” she said. “I was with the same partner (Jed Smith) and the same young men were in the plane with me. It was very clear up there and the weather was good but it was very cold up there.” In 2016, Ms O’Shea celebrated her birthday by skydiving for the first time, and returned a year later, when she became the world’s oldest female skydiver. She has so far raised close to $12,000 for Motor Neurone Disease, which her daughter Shelagh died from at the age of 67. She is hoping to raise another $10,000 from this year’s jump for charity. “I lost my daughter to that terrible disease 10 years ago and I miss her,” Ms O’Shea said. Ms O’Shea lives in the same house where she has lived since arriving in Australia. She drives her own car, reads without glasses and is in good health. She is already thinking about when her next jump might be. “Possibly I will jump next year and if I live long enough I will jump at 105,” she said. 23．In which year was Ms O’Shea born? A．In 1915. B．In 1916. C．In 1917. D．Uncertain. 24．How many times have Ms O’Shea taken part in skydiving so far ? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times. 25．Why did Ms O’Shea collect money from skydiving? A．In celebration of her birthday. B．In memory of her daughter. C．For the benefit of her friends. D．For the purpose of showing off. 26．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Never Too Old to Learn B．No Sex Barrier to Adventure C．A Special Birthday Celebration D．World-record Skydiving for Charity 【答案】23．B 24．C 25．B 26．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了102岁的澳大利亚老奶奶Irene O’Shea在2018年第三次成功挑战高空跳伞，打破了世界纪录，以此为患有运动神经元疾病的病人募集资金，纪念自己因该病去世的女儿。 23．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In front of families and friends, the 102-year-old lady from Adelaide, South Australia, completed her landing on Sunday, December 9, 2018 (在家人和朋友的见证下，这位来自南澳大利亚阿德莱德的102岁老太太于2018年12月9日周日完成了她的着陆)”可知，O’Shea女士2018年参加跳伞运动时为102岁，因此她出生于1916年。故选B项。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In front of families and friends, the 102-year-old lady from Adelaide, South Australia, completed her landing on Sunday, December 9, 2018 (在家人和朋友的见证下，这位来自南澳大利亚阿德莱德的102岁老太太于2018年12月9日周日完成了她的着陆)”和第三段中“In 2016, Ms O’Shea celebrated her birthday by skydiving for the first time, and returned a year later (2016年，O’Shea女士第一次跳伞庆祝自己的生日，一年后她又回来了)”可知，O’Shea女士在2016年、2017年均参加了跳伞运动，2018年是她第3次跳伞，因此她目前共参加了3次跳伞运动。故选C项。 25．推理判断题。根据第四段中“She has so far raised close to $12,000 for Motor Neurone Disease, which her daughter Shelagh died from at the age of 67. (到目前为止，她已经为运动神经元疾病筹集了近1.2万美元，她的女儿Shelagh在67岁时死于这种疾病。)”和“I lost my daughter to that terrible disease 10 years ago and I miss her (十年前，我的女儿死于那种可怕的疾病，我很想念她)”可知，O’Shea女士的女儿因运动神经元病去世，老人非常想念女儿。由此推知，她通过跳伞运动筹钱是为了纪念女儿。故选B项。 26．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕Irene O’Shea参与跳伞运动展开，这位102岁的澳大利亚老奶奶在2018年第三次成功挑战高空跳伞，打破了世界纪录，以此为患有运动神经元疾病的病人募集资金，纪念自己因该病去世的女儿。因此，D项“创造世界纪录的慈善跳伞”涵盖了文章核心内容，最适合作为标题。故选D项。 Passage 07 Benefits of Sports Doing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It’s a great way for children to take a break from studies and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven beneficial to overall well-being. The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you’ll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you’re involved. 27 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions. 28 Playing sports also contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, a high five from a teammate, or a handshake after a match really boosts a child’s confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise self-worth. 29 So after a game, it’s a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?” Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up responsibility and leadership. 30 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds responsibility and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader. Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance studies and athletics. 31 There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving! A．It’s not just your body that benefits from sports. B．Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit. C．But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss. D．If you play group sports, you’ll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach. E．Nearly every sport requires physical activities and the competitive skills. F．Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage. G．Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field. 【答案】27．E 28．A 29．C 30．F 31．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。运动是一种身体、心理和社交的冒险。这是孩子们休息一下，释放额外能量的好方法。这也有助于他们过上更充实、更幸福的生活。本文主要介绍了运动对身心的好处。 27．根据空后的例证“Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. (篮球运动员注重力量训练；足球运动员提高速度，而田径运动员则进行长跑训练)”可知，下文介绍各种运动对身体技能的要求。E项“Nearly every sport requires physical activities and the competitive skills. (几乎每一项运动都需要体力活动和具有竞争力的技能)”符合语境，开启下文，E项中的every sport对应空后列举的几项运动。故选E。 28．上一段讲的是运动对身体的好处。根据后句“Playing sports also contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. (运动也有助于心理健康，有助于增强信心和自我价值)”可知，本段讲的是运动对心理的好处。A项“It’s not just your body that benefits from sports. (不仅仅是你的身体从运动中受益)”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 29．根据上文“Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise self-worth. (教练、父母和其他球员的赞美和鼓励提高了自我价值)”可知，空前说表扬和鼓励会提升自我价值感，空后说的是比赛后不要过度关注输赢。由此推知，空处陈述不要自我价值，并不体现在输赢中。C项“But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss. (但是记住，孩子的自我价值不应以胜利或失败来区分)”与空前后意思连贯，句中的self-worth是前一句中的原词复现，且victory or loss与后一句中的“Did you win?”呼应。故选C。 30．根据前句“Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up responsibility and leadership. (参加体育运动的孩子也可能从社交方面受益，感觉自己是群体的一部分，加强责任感和领导力)”和后句“Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. (团队合作包括做一个可靠的队友和学会依靠你的队友来取得积极的结果)”可知，设空处承上启下。F项“Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage. (其中，学习如何充当团队的一员是最重要的好处)”符合语境，a part of team是关键词。故选F。 31．根据前文“Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance studies and athletics. (自律是另一个社会优势。大多数有组织的运动都需要严格的训练和练习时间表。作为一名学生运动员，你需要在学习和运动之间取得平衡)”可知，通过运动的规则，学会遵守纪律也是很重要的，有助于学生取得成功。 G项“Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field. (只有遵守严格的纪律，你才能在课堂上和运动场上都取得成功)”符合语境，是对前三句内容的总结。故选G。 二、完形填空 Cloze01 After having a child, I found my regular exercise interrupted. I was not only busy, but I also lacked the motivation. Solo gym sessions or some quick 32 following the DVD while the baby was sleeping didn’t 33 me at all. So I decided to sign up for a hiking trip in Peru, hoping that it would get me 34 again. Looking over my travel arrangements before I left, I 35 phrases such as “3-hour hike through primitive forests” and “sliding with a rope down waterfalls”, and I started to feel a little 36 . However, as we made our way through the forests and were 37 with amazing views of awesome waterfalls, this team of strangers 38 me to go on. Being physically active with a group motivated me to reach the 39 or the valley below—rather than simply lying down on the forest floor and giving up, 40 I might have done if I were alone. Experts confirm my experience: Group exercise can really start a new attitude toward fitness. “People get a better 41 in a group than they do on their own,” said Allison Kimmel, a group 42 instructor. That’s because other people 43 both support and competition. “Humans are 44 animals and the shared experience of facing a challenge 45 is compelling(不可抗拒的),” said David Ezell, the CEO of the fitness provider Darien Wellness. With the support of a group, I’m slowly getting back into a 46 lifestyle. 32．A．summaries B．additions C．exercise D．lectures 33．A．contribute to B．appeal to C．cater to D．object to 34．A．acting B．flying C．studying D．moving 35．A．examined B．scanned C．copied D．deleted 36．A．convinced B．disappointed C．delighted D．worried 37．A．rewarded B．crowded C．covered D．equipped 38．A．begged B．forced C．permitted D．inspired 39．A．summit B．foot C．destination D．waterfall 40．A．that B．which C．where D．when 41．A．position B．workout C．income D．diet 42．A．business B．career C．flight D．fitness 43．A．offer B．consume C．receive D．ignore 44．A．natural B．traditional C．practical D．social 45．A．alone B．alike C．together D．close 46．A．wealthier B．healthier C．higher D．richer 【答案】 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．D 39．A 40．B 41．B 42．D 43．A 44．D 45．C 46．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为照顾孩子而中断健身，在参加了团队远足之后重归健康生活的故事。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在孩子睡觉的时候，独自去健身房或跟着DVD做一些快速运动对我一点吸引力都没有。A. summaries总结；B. additions增加；C. exercise锻炼；D. lectures演讲。根据上文“I found my regular exercise interrupted.”可知，此处为独自去健身房或跟着DVD做一些快速运动对我一点吸引力都没有。故选C项。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在孩子睡觉的时候，独自去健身房或跟着DVD做一些快速运动对我一点吸引力都没有。A. contribute to有助于；B. appeal to吸引；C. cater to迎合；D. object to反对。根据下文“So I decided to sign up for a hiking trip in Peru,”可知，一个人上健身课或者跟着DVD做一些快速的锻炼一点也不吸引作者，所以她决定参加徒步旅行。故选B项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定报名参加秘鲁的徒步旅行，希望它能让我重新行动起来。A. acting行动；B. flying飞；C. studying学习；D. moving动；移动。根据句意以及上文中的“interrupted”可知，作者的运动被打断，希望通过这次旅行能让自己再次运动起来。故选D项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：出发前，我仔细检查了一下行程安排，看到了“3小时原始森林徒步”、“从瀑布上滑下来”这样的短语，开始有点担心了。A. examined检查；B. scanned浏览；   C. copied抄写；D. deleted删除。根据句意以及该句中的“…phrases such as “3-hour hike through primitive forests” and “sliding with a rope down waterfalls””可知，此处为出发前，我仔细检查了一下行程安排，看到了“3小时原始森林徒步”、“从瀑布上滑下来”这样的短语。故选B项。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出发前，我仔细检查了一下行程安排，看到了“3小时原始森林徒步”、“从瀑布上滑下来”这样的短语，开始有点担心了。A. convinced确信的；B. disappointed失望的；C. delighted高兴的；D. worried担心的。根据空前提到的徒步穿越原始森林和用绳子滑下瀑布是难度较大的运动，而且作者很久没运动了，因此有些担心。故选D项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们穿过森林，看到令人惊叹的瀑布时，这群陌生人激励我继续前进。A. rewarded奖励；B. crowded挤满；C. covered    覆盖；D. equipped装备。根据由空后的“amazing views of awesome waterfalls”可推知，此处为当我们穿过森林，看到令人惊叹的瀑布景观。故选A项。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们穿过森林，看到令人惊叹的瀑布时，这支陌生的团队激励我继续前进。A. begged乞求；B. forced迫使；C. permitted允许；D. inspired激励。 根据下文“Being physically active with a group motivated me”可知，此处指这个团队激励着作者前进。故选D项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和一群人一起锻炼身体激励着我到达顶峰或下面的山谷——而不是简单地躺在森林的地面上放弃，如果我是一个人的话，我可能会这样做。A. summit山峰；B. foot脚；C. destination目的地；D. waterfall瀑布。根据句意以及该句中的“or the valley below”可知，此处指这个团队激励着作者到达山顶或山谷。故选A项。 40．考查定语从句。句意：和一群人一起锻炼身体激励着我到达顶峰或下面的山谷——而不是简单地躺在森林的地面上放弃，如果我是一个人的话，我可能会这样做。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前边的“simply lying down on the forest floor and giving up”，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导定语从句。故选B项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：团体健身教练艾利森·金梅尔(Allison Kimmel)说：“人们在一群人中锻炼的效果比独自一人更好。A. position职位；B. workout锻炼；C. income收入；D. diet饮食。由上文作者的经历以及“Group exercise can really start a new attitude toward fitness.”可知，此处是说与独自锻炼相比，人们在团体中能得到更好的锻炼。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：团体健身教练艾利森·金梅尔(Allison Kimmel)说：“人们在一群人中锻炼的效果比独自一人更好。A. business商业；B. career生涯；C. flight航班；D. fitness健康。根据说话的内容可知，这是一名健身教练。故选D项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为其他人既提供支持，也提供竞争。A. offer提供；B. consume消耗；C. receive接收；D. ignore忽视。根据语境以及该句中的“both support and competition.”可推知，此处为这是因为其他人既提供支持，也提供竞争。故选A项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Darien Wellness的首席执行官大卫·埃泽尔(David Ezell)说：“人类是社会性动物，共同面对挑战的经历很有吸引力。”A. natural    自然的；B. traditional传统的；C. practical实践的；D. social社会的。根据句意以及该句中的“and the shared experience of facing a challenge”可知，这里在说人的属性，即人类是社会性动物。故选D项。 45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Darien Wellness的首席执行官大卫·埃泽尔(David Ezell)说：“人类是社会性动物，共同面对挑战的经历很有吸引力。”A. alone单独地；B. alike同样地；C. together共同；D. close紧密地。根据上文提到的人类是社会性动物，以及该句中的“the shared experience of facing a challenge…is compelling”可推知，此处为人类是群居动物，所以具有共同面对挑战的特点。故选C项。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一群人的支持下，我正在慢慢恢复更健康的生活方式。A. wealthier更富有的；B. healthier更健康的；C. higher更高的；D. richer更富有的。短文主要讲述了作者为健康而健身的经历，根据语境可知此处表示在团队的支持下，作者慢慢回到健康的生活方式。故选B项。 三、语法填空 47．When one firm or country (compete) with another, it tries to get people to buy its own goods in preference to those of the other firm or country. You can also say that two firms or countries compete. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】competes 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当一家公司或国家与另一家公司竞争时，它会试图让人们优先购买自己的商品，而不是另一家公司或国家的商品。你也可以说有两家公司或国家在竞争。设空处为从句谓语，根据主句的时态可知，应用一般现在时，主语名词用or连接，采用就近原则，因此谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填competes。 48．The (positive) an article is on the Internet, the more likely it is to be shared. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】more positive 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：一篇文章越积极，就越有可能被分享。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定句型：the+比较级..., the+比较级...“越……，就越……”。故填more positive。 四、选词填空 选词填空 A．breathtaking B．decorated C． charge D．analysis E. determination 49．A(n) found that while praising hard work over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone. 50．The manager asked me to be in of the department in the absence of him. 51．The State Apartments are luxuriously formal rooms still used for state and official functions. 52．A dream doesn’t become reality through magic: it takes sweat, and hard work. 【答案】49．D 50．C 51．B 52．E 【解析】49．考查名词。句意：一项分析表明赞扬努力学习而不是学习能力可能会使经济条件差的学生获益，但它并不一定对每个人都有帮助。根据“A(n)”可知，空处需填单数名词， analysis作名词，表示“分析”，符合句意。故填D项。 50．考查名词。句意：经理要求我在他不在的时候负责该部门。be in charge of表示“负责，掌管”，符合句意。故填C项。 51．考查形容词。句意：国家公寓是装饰豪华的正式房间，仍然用于国家和官方活动。根据“formal rooms”可知，空处需填形容词修饰名词，decorated作形容词，表示“装饰的，修饰的”符合句意。故填B项。 52．考查名词。句意：梦想无法通过魔法变成现实，它需要汗水，决心和努力。根据“and hard work”可知，空处需填名词，determination作名词，表示“决心”是不可数名词。故填E项。 五、书面表达 53．根据下列提示，写一段关于运动锻炼的想法。要求词数在60左右。 1.在现代社会中，体育运动和健康越来越受到重视。(fitness) 2.人们经常在健身房锻炼来保持身体健康。(work out) 3.一些著名运动员给我们树立了榜样，给了我们很大的鼓励。(set an example) 4.即使可能会受伤，但我下定决心不丧失信心、不放弃。(determine; lose heart; give up) 句型：even if/ though引导让步状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In modern society, sports and fitness are paid more and more attention. People often work out in the gym to keep fit. Some famous athletes set an example to us, which is a great encouragement to us all. Even if I’m likely to get injured, I am determined not to lose heart and never to give up. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，根据题目所给提示，写一段关于运动锻炼的想法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 健康的：fit→heathy 著名的：famous→celebrated 灰心：lose heart→be discouraged 放弃：give up=quit 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In modern society, sports and fitness are paid more and more attention. 拓展句：In modern society, there is a phenomenon that sports and fitness are paid more and more attention. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Some famous athletes set an example to us, which is a great encouragement to us all. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Even if I’m likely to get injured, I am determined not to lose heart and never to give up. (运用了even if引导的让步状语从句) 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$