4.专题四 语法填空-【高考密码】备战2026年高考英语十年高考真题分类汇编

语法填空 01-2025全国一卷 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1.　　　　　　 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.  　　Go is one of 2.　　　　　　 earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.  　　“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3.　　　　　　(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”  “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘4.　　　　　　 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.  “The players' personalities 5.　　　　　　 (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6.　　　　　　(try) to beat the opponent 7.　　　　　　 no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side.”  Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8.　　　　　　(strategy) placement of the pieces, 9.　　　　　　 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10.　　　　　　(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.  答案　 语篇解读　本文是新闻报道,主要介绍了上海久事美术馆举办的以中国围棋为灵感的展览,该展览融合多种元素。 1. which　考查定语从句。句意:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览,展出的艺术作品灵感源自Go,即汉语中的“围棋”,它于4,000多年前起源于中国。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,对Go进行补充说明,在从句中作主语,故填关系代词which。 2. the　考查冠词。句意:围棋是最早的基于二元的游戏之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词”表示“最……的……之一”,故填the。 3. to present　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:我们希望在视觉情境中呈现颇为抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能,并引发与极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义的对话。固定短语hope to do sth.表示“希望去做某事”。 4. guidance　考查词性转换。句意:一位参观展览的围棋棋手王伟解释:“在围棋游戏中,每一步棋都应服务于一个长远目标。你设法把对手引入你的陷阱,迫使他遵循你的‘指引’,直至他落败。”设空处前有形容词性物主代词,设空处应用名词作follow的宾语。故填guidance。 5. are revealed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:她补充说:“在游戏过程中,玩家的个性会得以展现,自身的弱点也会暴露给对手。”设空处作谓语,陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。句子主语The players' personalities表复数意义,且和reveal构成被动关系。故填are revealed。 6. tries　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:一位有风度的胜者总是会尽量以不超过一两分的优势击败对手,以此表达对对方的尊重。此处描述一般情况,应用一般现在时。主语A decent winner是单数概念,故填tries。 7. by　考查介词。by表示“以……之差”。 8. strategic　考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词placement,应用形容词作定语,表示“战略性的布局”。故填strategic。 9. and　考查并列连词。句意:屠表示黑白棋子之间的平衡、棋子战略性布局之美以及每一步落子后的能量流动,激发了艺术家们为此次展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网印制作品的灵感。设空处连接了the balance...、the beauty...和the energy...。 10. digitally　考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词generated,表示“以数字方式”,应用副词形式。故填digitally。 02-2025全国二卷 I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1.　　　　　　 bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2.　　　　　　 (center) heating doesn't exist.  Nothing in my life before prepared me 3.　　　　　　 this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it's amazing how you can adapt 4.　　　　　　 learn in a new environment. Over time, I've found 5.　　　　　　(I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6.　　　　　　(be) one of them.  Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 7.　　　　　　 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8.　　　　　　(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9.　　　　　　(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.  If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10.　　　　　　(leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.  答案　 语篇解读　本文是记叙文,讲述了一名定居中国的美籍女士在浙江乡间晾衣后感受到“阳光的味道”。 1. where　考查定语从句。句意:但是现在,我和我的中国丈夫以及他的家人一起生活在中国浙江的农村,在那里,竹子和茶树在山间肆意生长,鸡总是散养着,而且没有集中供暖。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为countryside(指地点),关系词在从句中作地点状语,表示“在这里”。故填where。 2. central　考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词heating,应用形容词形式,表示“集中供暖”。故填central。 3. for　考查介词。此处表示“我以前生活中的任何事情都没能让我为这一次(经历)做好准备”。prepare sb. for sth.是固定搭配,表示“使某人为某事做好准备”,故填for。 4. and　考查并列连词。句意:但令人惊奇的是,你在新环境中竟能既适应又学习。adapt和learn是两个并列的行为动作,应用并列连词and连接。 5. myself　考查代词。此处表示“我发现自己在这里就像在自己家一样”,这里应用myself,表示“我自己”。 6. is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语,主语是The “sunshine scent”(单数),谓语动词应用单数形式,此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填is。 7. to discover　考查动词的非谓语形式。分析句子可知,本句的谓语动词为used,设空处用动词的非谓语形式作后置定语,修饰chance。chance后常用不定式作后置定语,表示“做某事的机会”。故填to discover。 8. absence　考查词性转换。设空处位于定冠词the后,介词of前,应用名词形式,故填absence。 9. afternoons　考查名词的复数形式。句意:在我居住的地方,太阳晒干的衣服特别好闻,这是因为这里没有雾霾,却有许多天朗气清的下午。根据语境可知,此处指“多个下午”,应用复数形式,故填afternoons。 10. left　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:如果你从未体验过在太阳下晒了一天的床单或衬衫的“阳光香味”,那你就错过了生活中的一大奇妙之处。设空处位于If引导的条件状语从句中,从句已有谓语,设空处应用动词的非谓语形式,且设空处与a sheet or shirt之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式,故填left。 2024 01-2024新课标Ⅰ Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 1.　　　　　　(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2.　　　　　　(function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals(萼片)” made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days 3.　　　　　　(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4.　　　　　　(close) to protect the plants.  Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5.　　　　　　(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6.　　　　　　 first time. These plants included modern Western 7.　　　　　　(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.  The Glasshouse stands 8.　　　　　　 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9.　　　　　　 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10.　　　　　　(rich) of gardening in England.  语篇解读　本文是说明文,主要介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室,体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响。 1. engineering　考查词性转换。句意:最新的工程技术被应用于创造这种保护性功能结构,这种结构也很漂亮。设空处修饰名词techniques,表示“工程技术”,应使用名词形式,意为“工程,工程学”。故填engineering。 2. functional　考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词structure,表示“功能结构”,应使用形容词形式。故填functional。 3. to give　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:这些萼片在温暖的日子打开,向里面的植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。设空处作目的状语, 应使用不定式。故填to give。 4. closed　考查词性转换。句意:在寒冷的天气里,该结构保持关闭状态以保护植物。设空处为系动词stays的表语,应使用形容词形式,表示“关闭的”。故填closed。 5. walks　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝路花园使游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程,丝绸和许多植物物种都是通过古丝绸之路首次来到英国的。设空处为句子的谓语,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,且描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。故填walks。 易错警示　此处walk为及物动词,意为“使行走”,后面的visitors为其宾语。 6. the　考查冠词。for the first time为固定搭配,意为“首次”。故填the。 7. favourites　考查名词的复数形式。句意:这些植物包括现代西方人最喜欢的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。根据后面的such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知,设空处为名词的复数形式。故填favourites。 8. as　考查介词。此处表示这座温室作为当代设计的伟大成就而伫立。设空处应用介词,表示“作为”,故填as。 9. that/which　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为the Silk Route(指物)。故填that或which。 10. richness　考查词性转换。根据前面的the和后面的of gardening可知,设空处应使用名词形式。故填richness。 02-2024新课标Ⅱ Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1.　　　　　　 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.  Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2.　　　　　　(theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3.　　　　　　(be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4.　　　　　　 Romeo and Juliet.”  A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5.　　　　　　(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, 6.　　　　　　(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.  Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7.　　　　　　(visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8.　　　　　　(find) the connection between the two great writers.  9.　　　　　　(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲin Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10.　　　　　　 see how Tang’s play was being performed.”  答案 语篇解读　 本文报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和亭子在英国作家莎士比亚的故居落成的新闻,介绍了这两位伟大作家之间的相似之处,展现了中西方文化的交流与融合。 1. who　考查定语从句。本句主语为Chinese cultural elements,谓语是add,故设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词为Tang Xianzu (指人)。故填关系代词who。 2. themes　考查名词的复数形式。此处为there be结构,设空处作主语,根据系动词are可知,此空应用名词的复数形式。 故填themes。 3. were　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:汤显祖(那时)正在写的一些事情也是莎士比亚所关心的。主句为主系表结构,主句主语Some of the things表示复数意义,系动词应为复数形式。根据常识可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,且定语从句使用了过去的某种时态,故设空处用一般过去时。故填were。 4. to　考查介词。 句意:我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。be similar to 为固定搭配,意为“与……相似”。故填to。 5. inspired　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:两年后,一座以《牡丹亭》为灵感的六米高的亭子在杉园建成,距离莎士比亚的出生地只有十分钟的步行路程。本句主语为a six-meter-tall pavilion,谓语动词为第61空,故设空处应使用非谓语形式。由空后的介词by可知设空处与pavilion构成被动关系,故用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 6. was built　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。上一句出现时间状语in 2017,因此Two years later指2019年,为过去的时间,故用一般过去时。句子主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是单数形式,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式,主语和build构成被动关系。故填was built。 7. visibility　考查词性转换。此处表示那些文化元素提高了Stratford的国际知名度。设空处作increased的宾语,前面有形容词international,应用名词形式。 故填visibility。 8. to find　考查动词的非谓语形式。be amazed to do sth.意为“惊讶于做某事”。设空处为不定式作amazed的原因状语。故填 to find。 9. Recalling　考查动词的非谓语形式。句子主语为Edmondson,谓语为said,故设空处应用非谓语形式作状语,和Edmondson之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。设空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Recalling。 10. and　考查并列连词。 句中It作形式主语,to hear...和(to) see...为并列成分作真正的主语,应用and连接。故填and。 2023 01-2023新课标Ⅰ Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 1. (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2. (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出), 3. to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌头). Shanghai may be the 4. (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace. There, you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 5. hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 6. (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 7. (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 8. touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 9. (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 10.(want) more next time. 答案 语篇解读 本文是说明文，主题语境为饮食文化。本文主要讲了小笼包的构造、味道和发源地。 1. tasty 考查词性转换。句意：小笼包（灌汤包），精致的包子皮包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和香喷喷的新鲜肉馅，无疑是我最爱的中国街边食物。设空处修饰名词soup，所以用形容词tasty。 2. to bite 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：要吃一个小笼包，你就必须决定是先咬一小口，让热气散发，同时冒着溢出汤汁的风险，还是把整个包子都放进嘴里，让热汤汁在你的舌尖爆开。本句已有谓语have to decide，设空处与whether连用构成“wh-词+不定式”结构，作decide的宾语，故填to bite。 3. or 考查连词。句意参见上题解析。此处为whether...or...结构，意为“是……还是……”。 4. recognized 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包的发源地，但是食物历史学家会向你指出上海周边的古运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。设空处位于定冠词后、名词前，应使用非谓语形式作定语。设空处与被修饰词home构成被动关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填recognized。 5. by 考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的做法不同——皮厚汤少——皮是手工压制的而不是擀的。by hand意为“用手工”。 6. to be lifted 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有精细的皮，这就使它们能从笼里被提出而不会裂开或者漏馅儿。此处为allow sb./sth. to do sth.结构，to do作宾补，此处表达小笼包被提起，设空处与宾语them构成被动关系，应使用不定式的被动式。故填to be lifted。 7. their 考查代词。句意参见上题解析。设空处修饰名词contents，指代xiao long bao,所以需要用形容词性物主代词their。 8. a 考查冠词。 句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一股香味，包裹的汤汁热气腾腾、清澈透亮又美味无比。a touch of表示“一点，些许”。 9. rarely 考查词性转换。句意：不管我在哪里买，一笼极少够吃，但是两笼又好像多了，所以我总是想下次吃更多。设空处作状语，所以要用副词形式。 10. wanting 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题解析。“leave+宾语+doing”意为“使某人处于……状态”。 02-2023新课标Ⅱ Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals? Since June 2017, right before the 1. (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2. (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 3. ? Not the pandas, even though 4. language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5 . (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 6. (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 7. they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? 8. (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9. to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10. (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 答案 语篇解读 本文是记叙文，主题语境为社会服务与人际沟通，讲述了作者因柏林动物园租借中国大熊猫而教饲养员英语的经历，这段经历间接实现了作者儿时想要成为动物饲养员的梦想。 1. arrival 考查词性转换。句意：自2017年6月以来，正好在梦梦和娇庆两只新的大熊猫到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的大熊猫饲养员，让他们在说英语时感到更加放松和自信。设空处作介词before的宾语，位于冠词之后、介词of之前，应该使用名词形式。故填arrival。 2. confident 考查词性转换。句意参见上题解析。设空处与comfortable并列，作feel的表语，应该使用形容词形式。故填confident。 3. to/with 考查介词。句意：他们和谁讲英语？与speak搭配的应该是介词to/with。故填to或with。 4. the 考查冠词。language后面有后置定语，此处特指医疗培训指令使用的语言，应该使用定冠词。故填the。 5. visiting 考查词性转换。句意：他们和许多国际游客以及来访的中国动物饲养员交谈，这些饲养员经常来查看大熊猫，这些大熊猫是从中国借出的。设空处修饰Chinese zookeepers，应该使用形容词形式，意为“访问的，客座的”。故填visiting。 6. interviews 考查名词的复数形式。句意：他们也需准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。interview是可数名词，前面没有冠词或形容词性物主代词限定，应使用复数形式。故填interviews。 7. why 考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么他们需要一位英语培训师。空后成分完整，空前为系动词is，故设空处引导表语从句，解释需要英语培训师的原因。故填why。 8. Basically 考查词性转换。句意：基本上，（学习）如何描述大熊猫的生活。设空处修饰后面整个句子，应该使用副词形式。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 9. and 考查并列连词。句意：看到这个大熊猫项目发展以及看到大熊猫们在新家安顿下来是一种荣耀。设空处后面的to see与设空处前面的to watch并列。故填and。 10. wished 考查动词的时态。句意：当我是个小女孩时，我希望长大后能成为一名动物饲养员。根据前面的As a little girl以及后面的grew up可知设空处应该使用一般过去时。故填wished。 2022 01-2022新高考Ⅰ The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 1.　　　　　　(cover) an area about three times 2.　　　　　　 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.　　　　　　(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.　　　　　　(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.  After a three⁃year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5.　　　　　　(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity(原真性) and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6.　　　　　　 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations”. The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.　　　　　　(population) and homes of giant pandas, and 8.　　　　　　(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.  Giant pandas also serve 9.　　　　　　 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.　　　　　　 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。大熊猫国家公园的建立不仅能保护大熊猫,而且能够促进该区域所有物种的健康发展。 1.Covering　考查动词的非谓语形式。the GPNP与设空处为逻辑上的主动关系,且设空处位于句首,故用cover的现在分词形式(Covering),意为“占地……”。 2.the　考查冠词。倍数的表达方法:倍数+the+名词(size/length...)+of。 3.were　考查动词的时态。根据句子结构可知,此处是that引导的定语从句。根据空格前的先行词areas及空格后面的previously unprotected 可知,此处填were,构成一般过去时的被动语态。 4.to increase　考查动词的非谓语形式。根据句意可知,把很多现存的大熊猫保护区统一管理起来是为了提高效率和减少不一致的管理。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。 5.is designed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句表述事实,故用一般现在时;此处与主语构成被动关系,表示“大熊猫国家公园被设计来反映……的指导原则”,故用被动语态;主语The GPNP为第三人称单数,故填is designed。 6.and　考查并列连词。leaving behind...与protecting the authenticity...、preserving biological...、protecting ecological...是顺承关系,作of的宾语。 7.populations　考查名词。根据空格后的and homes可知,此处需要填名词复数形式。 8.eventually　考查副词。设空处修饰achieve,用副词形式。 9.as　考查固定搭配。serve as 充当,担当。 10.that　考查定语从句。从句中缺主语,先行词是the species,且先行词前有all修饰,关系词用that。 02-2022新高考Ⅱ 　　Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth⁃floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2⁃metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 1.　　　　　　(fall) child.  Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. 2.　　　　　　 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 3.　　　　　　(sleep) while watching TV.  Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 4.　　　　　　(see) them. When he looked down, he 5.　　　　　　(accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 6.　　　　　　 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.  Henry 7.　　　　　　(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 8.　　　　　　(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.  “He saved my 9.　　　　　　(son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don't know 10.　　　　　　 to thank him.”  “I just didn't want the boy to be hurt,” said Henry. 答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一位叫Henry的小伙子勇敢、及时地救下从阳台跌落的孩子的事迹。 1.falling　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为现在分词作定语,表示“正在跌落的孩子”,因此用falling。 2.The　考查冠词。The Brown family表示“布朗一家”,故用定冠词The。 3.asleep　考查词性转换。动词转换为形容词。设空处与fell(fall)构成固定搭配fall asleep,意为“睡着,入睡”。 4.to see　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为不定式作状语。前面一系列动作的目的是“看见”,因此填to see。 5.accidentally　考查词性转换。形容词转换为副词。Eric本想向外看,却“意外地”滑落,此处用副词修饰动词,填accidentally。 6.and　考查连词。本句中hung on与screamed是两个顺承的动作,故填并列连词and。 7.was fixing　考查动词时态和主谓一致。be doing...when 表示一个动作正在进行,这时另一个动作突然发生。语境为Henry正在修车,这时他突然听到尖叫声。全文整体时态为过去时态且主语为第三人称单数,故填was fixing。 8.threw　考查动词时态。本句体现救人的动作。设空处与and后面的started并列,作本句的谓语。全文整体时态为过去时态,故填过去式threw。 9.son's　考查名词所有格。他救了“我”儿子的性命。save one's life为固定短语,意为“挽救某人的生命”。故填所有格son's。 10.how　考查与不定式连用的疑问词。设空处与后面的不定式构成固定结构,在本句中作know的宾语,意为“不知道如何感谢他”,因此填how。 2021 01-2021新高考Ⅰ 　　Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. 1.　　　　　　 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out⁃of⁃this⁃world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2.　　　　　　(human)are.  The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3.　　　　　　(undoubted)help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4.　　　　　　(hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5.　　　　　　(astonish).  What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6.　　　　　　(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 7.　　　　　　 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8.　　　　　　(ache)legs.  As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9.　　　　　　(I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10.　　　　　　 must to visit!  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要描述了自己游览黄山的经历。 1.What　本题考查名词性从句。句意:这次经历的激动人心之处在于这极美的景色。“　　　 is so breathtaking about the experience”为主语从句,该从句中缺少主语,且设空处表示“事物”,故填What。  2.humans　本题考查名词的“数”。句意:一旦你站在山顶上,你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你,我们人类是多么渺小。设空处作“we”的同位语,且设空处后的谓语动词是“are”,由此可知,设空处需填名词复数形式,故填humans。 3.undoubtedly　本题考查副词。句意:毫无疑问,它会帮助你恢复精力!设空处作状语,需用副词形式,故填undoubtedly。 4.hotter　本题考查形容词。句意:这个温泉的神奇之处在于(周围环境的)温度越低,这个温泉的温度就越高!根据本句中的“the colder the temperature gets”可知在设空处填hotter。 5.astonished　本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补。句意:但是大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。设空处作宾补,意为:感到惊讶的,故填astonished。 6.was　本题考查时态。句意:你会不禁想到当时的人们把那些石头铺好是多么困难。根据本句中的“for the people then to put all those rocks into place”可推知设空处介绍的是过去的情况,需用一般过去时,故填was。 7.and　本题考查连词。句意:虽然这是你在上山路上见到的唯一非自然景观,但它仍然是整个险途中的亮点,并给(由于爬山)腿疼的旅客提供了一个歇脚的地方。设空处前后的谓语动词“highlights”与“offers”为递进关系,故填并列连词and。 8.aching　本题考查动词的非谓语形式作定语。设空处作定语,修饰legs。被修饰词legs与ache为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词aching。 9.mine　本题考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长并曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。它肯定会留在“我”的记忆中。设空处填mine代替my memory。 10.a　本题考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一定要去参观的!设空处后的must为名词,意为:必须做的事。在本句中must表示泛指,需与不定冠词连用,故填a。 02-2021新高考Ⅱ 　　I've always loved the ocean. In the 1.　　　　　　(seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 2.　　　　　　(think)it is food.  I decided to do something 3.　　　　　　(educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 4.　　　　　　 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.  One day, I saw a commercial for a health⁃care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws(吸管). I found the contact information of the company 5.　　　　　　 emailed its president. I told him how 6.　　　　　　(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco⁃friendly options. I was so 7.　　　　　　(excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.  I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 8.　　　　　　 (be) Alaska Airlines. A company 9.　　　　　　 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 10.　　　　　　 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,介绍了作者为减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。 1.seventh　考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候,我开始在加利福尼亚州的蒙特雷湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词。 2.thinking　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾,以为那是食物时,我很难过。think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。 3.to educate　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们了解这个问题。空格处作目的状语,故填to educate。 4.that/which　考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我得知有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少塑料的使用。定语从句的先行词为a company,设空处在定语从句中作主语,指物,故填which或that。 5.and　考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系,用and连接两个并列的谓语动词。 6.harmful　考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境多么有害,并请他考虑使用更环保的选择方案。该处为“how+adj.”结构,故填harmful。 7.excited　考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was的表语,用形容词,修饰人,表示“兴奋的”,故填excited。 8.was　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写过信的最大的公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote”可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构后谓语动词用单数,故填was。 9.representative　考查名词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,故填representative。 10.from　考查介词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班上的塑料杯换成纸杯。 from...to...从……到……。 2020 01-2020新高考Ⅰ 　　Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1.　　　　　　(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2.　　　　　　 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3.　　　　　　(form) the core collection of the British Museum 4.　　　　　　 opened in 1759.  The parts of a museum open to the public 5.　　　　　　(call)galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 6.　　　　　　(be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.   Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7.　　　　　　(they)living at a different time in history or 8.　　　　　　(walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9.　　　　　　(accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10.　　　　　　 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了博物馆藏品的由来、藏品的展览方式以及博物馆给人们提供的各种体验。 1.wealthy　考查形容词。句意:在18世纪和19世纪,富裕的人们旅游的同时也收集植物、有历史的东西和艺术品。设空处作people的定语,此处用形容词作定语,故填wealthy。 2.or　考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里,直到藏品变得太多或者他们去世,然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据句意可知,设空处前后两个时间状语从句为选择关系,故用or。 3.formed　考查动词的时态。句意:例如,Hans Sloane爵士收集的八万件藏品成了大英博物馆的核心藏品,该博物馆于1759年开放。设空处的动词作谓语,根据语境可知应使用一般过去时态,故填formed。 4.which/that　考查定语从句。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词,先行词是the British Museum,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The British Museum opened in 1759,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填which或that。 5.are called　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展览室。设空处的动词作谓语,因为陈述客观事实,所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语the parts of a museum和动词call之间为被动关系且表示复数概念,故填are called。 6.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:通常,博物馆的藏品只有一小部分被展出。设空处的动词作谓语,因为陈述客观事实,所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语为单数概念,故填is。 7.themselves　考查代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客(还)可以玩电脑模拟(游戏),想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期或漫步在热带雨林中。设空处作imagine的宾语,当主语visitors 和宾语是同一群人时,要用反身代词作动词imagine的宾语。 8.walking　考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处与前面的living并列。故填walking。 9.accuracy　考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要但是娱乐也很重要。设空处在句中作主语,故填accuracy。 10.for　考查介词。句意:为了(获取)人们的闲暇时间和金钱,博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动展开竞争。compete for意为“争夺”。故填for。 02-2020新高考Ⅱ 　　These days, it is not unusual for 10⁃ to 12⁃year⁃olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1.　　　　　　(begin)computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2.　　　　　　(education)computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know⁃how has become a 3.　　　　　　(require)for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4.　　　　　　(profession).  The Digital World is a set of volumes 5.　　　　　　 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6.　　　　　　 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7.　　　　　　 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8.　　　　　　(be)practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9.　　　　　　(encourage)to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10.　　　　　　(we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版背景和目的等方面的信息。 1.to begin　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:如今,10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站,二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课,这些都很常见。本题考查“it is +adj.+ for sb. to do sth.”结构,该结构中it作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。 2.educational　考查词性转化。此处表示“主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发寓教于乐的电脑程序”。修饰名词computer programs,需用形容词形式。 3.requirement　考查词性转化。句意:此外,在日益数字化的世界中,技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件,因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。动词become后可接名词作宾语,根据前面的不定冠词a可知,用名词的单数形式。 4.professions　考查名词的数。 名词profession为可数名词,根据前面的修饰词most可知应使用其复数形式。 5.that/which　考查定语从句。句意:《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词,先行词是volumes,将先行词代入定语从句后为:A set of volumes aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.关系词在定语从句中作主语,指物。 6.a　考查冠词。句意:丛书中的每卷都探索了各种材料、解释数字系统的主要应用程序的基本概念并讨论了它们对日常生活的影响。a range of一系列。wide的发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。 7.and　考查连词。discusses与explores和explains并列。 8.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的,所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个样本,并解释技术的基本原理。the number of... 表示“……的数目”,后接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。 9.are encouraged　考查时态和语态。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的“参考资料”部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。 10.our　考查代词。修饰Further Resources section,应用形容词性物主代词。 课标全国卷（2015—2024） 2024 2024全国甲 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend 1.　　　　　　(catch)our attention because of their large size and variety.They are 2.　　　　　　 (treasure) of American heritage(遗产). How did the national park system come about?  On a cool,starry night in mid-September 1870,four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3.　　　　　　 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4.　　　　　　(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.  What should 5.　　　　　　(do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 6.　　　　　　(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7.　　　　　　 all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 8.　　　　　　(complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later,18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9.　　　　　　(large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10.　　　　　　 became a national monument in 1978,took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.  答案 语篇解读　本文是说明文,主要介绍了美国国家公园制度是如何产生的。 1. to catch　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:尽管有各种规模、各种类型的公园,但国家公园因其规模庞大,种类繁多尤其容易引起我们的注意。tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事”。故填to catch。 2. treasures　考查名词的复数形式。句子主语为They,系动词为are,故此处表语应为名词的复数形式。故填treasures。 3. what　考查宾语从句。句意:在1870年9月中旬一个凉爽的、繁星满天的夜晚,在位于现在的怀俄明州西北部的火洞河边四个男人在营火前放松。设空处引导的从句作介词in的宾语,从句中缺少主语,表示“……的地方”,故填what。 4. were　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句主语为They,系动词应为复数形式,由上一句中的in mid-September 1870可知应用一般过去时。故填were。 5. be done　考查被动语态。句中What作主语,设空处与之构成被动关系,应使用被动语态。should为情态动词,后面跟动词原形。故填be done。 6. its　考查代词。 with为介词,其后的宾语为beauty,设空处应用形容词性物主代词来修饰beauty。故填its。 7. for　考查介词。此处表示供全国人民欣赏,for后接对象,表示“给,供”。 8. completion　考查词性转换。句意:他们都同意并承诺在旅程结束后推广这一想法。空前有定冠词the,空后有介词of构成所有格,应使用名词形式。故填completion。 9. largest　考查形容词的比较等级。此处表示黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园。large为形容词,空前有定冠词the,此处用形容词的最高级。故填largest。 10. which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias(指物),设空处在从句中作主语。故填which。 2023 01-2023全国乙 Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1. royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2. (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3. welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4. (wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast(反差）that shouldn’t work, 5. somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6. (visit)several times over the last 10 years, I 7. (amaze)by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产）while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8. (record)everything I discovered. The 9. (remark)development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10. (mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 答案 语篇解读 本文是说明文，主题语境为社会进步与人类文明。文章主要介绍了北京是一座结合了古代和现代的城市，成功地将古代的遗产与现代化的发展融合起来。 1. to 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3,000多年的辉煌历史，甚至单从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。短语from...to...意为“从……到……”。故填to。 2. built 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题解析。build与system of ring roads为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填built。 易错警示 该空易误填building。building system意为“建筑系统”，该短语为名词短语，不可用副词carefully来修饰。 3. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：除了它的全部古建筑，北京也是一个乐意接纳现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇观与过去的历史建筑并存。设空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为表示事物的名词place，故填that或which。 4. wonders 考查名词的复数形式。句意参见上题解析。形容词architectural后接名词，wonder意为“奇观”，为可数名词，故用其复数形式。故填wonders。 5. but/yet 考查连词。句意：这是一种鲜明的视觉对比，本来是行不通的，但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。设空处前后为转折关系，故填but或yet。 6. Having visited 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：在过去的10年里，我已经参观了几次，我惊讶于新旧共存，以及一个城市如何能在不断发展的同时保存如此丰富的遗产。设空处为非谓语形式作状语，逻辑主语I与动词visit之间为主动关系，又根据时间状语over the last 10 years可知，此处应该用现在分词的完成式，并且该空位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having visited。 7. was amazed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意参见上题解析。设空处作句子谓语，空前提到在过去的10年里，“我”已经参观了几次，所以此处应是过去感到惊讶，应用一般过去时，又因主语I与动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是I，故填was amazed。 8. recording 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：作为一名摄影师，我把过去的两年时间用于记录我发现的一切。本句已有谓语动词have spent，设空处应用动词的非谓语形式。spend time (in) doing sth. 为固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填recording。 9. remarkable 考查词性转换。句意：这座城市的显著发展是有意设计的，目的是在步入现代世界的同时保护过去，这意味着这里总是有新的东西等待被发现，我可能会在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。形容词修饰名词development，故填remarkable，意为“非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的”。 10. means 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意参见上题解析。设空处作句子的谓语。该句的主语The remarkable development of this city为单数形式，而且该句描述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。故填means。 02-2023全国甲 For thousands of years, people have told fables（寓言） 1. （teach）a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2. (six) century B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3. Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone（口吻） are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America 4. all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,”her fable begins, 5. (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6. (intend) for everyone. 7. (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8. saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9. (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10. (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文，主题语境为文学名著，主要介绍了Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中使用简单、直接的风格来警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须负责拯救自己的环境。 1. to teach 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲述寓言故事来给人教训或传承智慧。本句已有谓语have told，设空处应用动词的非谓语形式作目的状语，故应使用动词不定式。也可以根据并列连词or与其后面的“to pass on wisdom”确定使用动词不定式。故填to teach。 2. sixth 考查序数词。句意：寓言是许多口头流传的早期文化的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前六世纪。此处表达“公元前六世纪”，应使用序数词。故填sixth。 3. as 考查关系词。句意：然而，正如Rachel Carson在她的《明天的寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。根据句子结构可以判断，设空处前面是主句，设空处引导定语从句；这里表示“正如，正像”，应用as引导定语从句。故填as。 4. where 考查定语从句。句意：“在美国的中心地带曾经有个城镇，在这个城镇里，所有的生命似乎都能与周围的环境和平共处”，她的寓言是这样开头的，从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的话语。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为town(指地点)，关系词在从句中作状语，相当于in the town。故填where。 5. borrowing 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题。本句已有谓语begins，设空处应用动词的非谓语形式作状语，所给提示词borrow与逻辑主语her fable之间是主动关系，应使用动词-ing形式。故填borrowing。 6. intended 考查形容词。句意：然而，在这种简单的风格背后是所有人都需要认真思考的信息。本句有系动词is和主语a serious message，此处为形容词短语作定语，修饰message。intended for sb.意为“为某人打算（或设计）的”。故填intended。 7. Different 考查词性转换。句意：与传统的寓言不同，Carson的故事以谴责结束，而不是教益。different from为固定搭配，意为“与……不同”。故填Different。 8. for 考查介词。句意：她警告（人们）社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须负责拯救自己的环境。take responsibility for doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“承担做某事的责任”。故填 for。 9. warning 考查词性转换。句意：然而，Carson的主题是一种更为沉重的对环境破坏的警告。根据设空处前面的a more weighty（冠词+形容词比较级）和后面的介词about可以确定此空应该用名词。故填warning。 10. be employed 考查被动语态。句意：Carson证明，一种世代相传的简单文学形式今天仍然可以被用来引起人们对重要事实的关注。设空处作谓语，宾语从句的主语a simple literary form与所给提示词employ构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。该空位于情态动词can后，故填be employed。 2022 01-2022全国乙 　　May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 1.　　　　　　the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 2.　　　　　　festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.  The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3.　　　　　　(address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 4.　　　　　　(large) tea⁃producing country, China has a 5.　　　　　　(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6.　　　　　　(share) future for mankind,” he said.  The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7.　　　　　　cultural exchanges. A four⁃year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.  8.　　　　　　(strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 9.　　　　　　(invite) twenty⁃nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty⁃six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.  The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 10.　　　　　　(it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。联合国设立国际茶日,为庆祝此节日,中国开展了一系列活动。 1.by　考查介词。由句意可知,国际茶日是由联合国正式命名的。by可表示“由;被”。be named by表示“由……命名”。 2.the　考查冠词。上文提到了这个节日(国际茶日),此处是特指,故用定冠词the。 3.addressed　考查动词时态。中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上发表演讲。设空处作谓语,又与段尾的said相呼应,表示过去的动作,故用一般过去时。 4.largest　考查形容词最高级。在一个大范围内(此处指在世界范围内的各个国家中),表示“最”的概念时,应该填最高级。 5.responsibility　考查词性转换。空前有冠词a,此处应用可数名词的单数形式,故填responsibility。 6.shared　考查动词的非谓语形式。a shared future一个共同的未来。设空处修饰名词future,share和future之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作前置定语。 7.and　考查连词。此处意为“促进国际合作和文化交流”,设空处前后的名词短语为并列关系,因此用and。 8.To strengthen　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示目的,应填to strengthen作状语,表示“为了加强……”;因位置在句首,首字母要大写。 9.inviting　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为现在分词作伴随状语。“活动”和“邀请”之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词。 10.its　考查代词。设空处与后文的first一起修饰名词exhibition,故用形容词性物主代词its。 02-2022全国甲 　　A visually⁃challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 1.　　　　　　(journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot.  On the 1,100⁃kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2.　　　　　　 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3.　　　　　　(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4.　　　　　　 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.  Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5.　　　　　　(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.　　　　　　(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40⁃day journey.  In the last five years, Cao 7.　　　　　　(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8.　　　　　　(high) mountain.  Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 9.　　　　　　 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 10.　　　　　　(plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述的是一位盲人在朋友的陪伴下徒步40天从北京走到了西安并沿途做环保的经历。 1.to journey　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处journey是动词,意为“沿……旅行”,由于本句已出现谓语hiked,此处应用不定式作定语,修饰a first step。 2.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为人,关系词在从句中作主语,故用who。 3.held　考查动词的非谓语形式。hold与前面的the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词held作后置定语。 4.A　考查冠词。空后有单数可数名词friend,设空处表示“一个”,故用不定冠词a;设空处在句首,要大写。 5.protection　考查词性转换。environmental 为形容词,修饰名词,故填protect的名词形式。environmental protection意为“环境保护”。 6.meaningful　考查词性转换。even more可修饰形容词或者副词,结合空前的make the hiking trip可知设空处作宾语补足语,故用形容词。 7.has walked　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由前面的时间状语In the last five years可知,此处要用现在完成时,主语为第三人称单数,故填has walked。 8.highest　考查形容词最高级。由语境和常识可知,此处用highest表示“非洲最高的山”。 9.from　考查介词。此处表示从出发地到目的地,应用“from...to...”结构。 10.planning　考查动词的非谓语形式。本句已有谓语flew, 此空作伴随状语,plan与He为逻辑上的主动关系,故填planning。 2021 01-2021全国乙 　　Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.　　　　　　(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.　　　　　　(develop)of the local areas.  Ecotourism has 3.　　　　　　(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4.　　　　　　 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.  Due to 5.　　　　　　 growing popularity of environmentally⁃related and adventure travel, various types 6.　　　　　　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco⁃friendly trip must meet the following principles:  ●Minimize the impact of 7.　　　　　　(visit) the place.  ●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ●Provide 8.　　　　　　(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.  ●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9.　　　　　　(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim 10.　　　　　　(have)a low impact on the natural environment.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章讲述了生态旅游的情况。 1.educated　考查形容词。句意:它不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理条件还是文化特色方面,而且经常为保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。 2.development　考查名词。设空处前面是冠词the,后面是介词of,且该短语作动词benefits的宾语,因此需填develop的名词形式(development)。 3.its　考查代词。句意: 生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。设空处修饰名词,要用形容词性物主代词,因此使用it的形容词性物主代词形式(its)。 4.until　考查介词。句意:直到20世纪80年代末,作为一种旅游理念,它才被广泛接受。“not...until...”为固定结构,意为“直到……才……”。因此填until。 5.the　考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的旅行和冒险旅行越来越受欢迎,现在各种类型的旅行正被归类为生态旅游。设空处后的growing popularity在本句中表示特指,因此使用定冠词the。 6.of　考查介词。此处用of表所属关系,various types of为固定结构,意为“各种类型的……”。 7.visiting　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:尽量减少参观这个地方带来的影响。设空处作介词of的宾语,因此使用visit的动名词形式(visiting)。 8.financial　考查形容词。句意:为当地人提供财政援助和其他好处。设空处修饰名词aid,需用形容词,因此使用finance的形容词形式(financial)。 9.Activities　考查名词复数。句意:那里包含从观赏鲸鱼到远足的活动,膳宿力求对自然环境产生很低的影响。谓语动词range用的是复数形式,所以主语activity需用复数形式,因此使用activities。 10.to have　考查动词的非谓语形式。aim to do sth.力求做某事,因此使用不定式形式(to have)。 02-2021全国甲 　　The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1.　　　　　　(build) originally to protect the city 2.　　　　　　 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible 3.　　　　　　(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.  We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 4.　　　　　　(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5.　　　　　　(good) than to ride on a piece of history!  We 6.　　　　　　(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7.　　　　　　 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.　　　　　　 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.　　　　　　 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.　　　　　　(day) routines.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要以游客在西安城墙骑行的角度介绍了西安城墙。 1.was built　考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示“它被建造”。主语it与build为被动关系;再根据the Tang dynasty可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填一般过去时的被动语态(was built)。 2.in　考查介词。关注设空处的句法功能。设空处与后面的“the Tang dynasty”构成介词短语,意为“在唐朝”,故填介词in。 3.to walk　考查动词的非谓语形式。It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.为固定句式,故填to walk。 4.spending　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示“在花了一些时间看了城墙所有的防御设施后,我们决定该采取一些行动了”。设空处作介词after的宾语且主语we与spend为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词spending。 5.better　考查形容词。此处表示“有什么比在历史遗迹上骑行更好呢”。根据设空处后的“than”可知应在设空处填形容词的比较级形式(better)。 6.hired　考查动词的时态。句意:我们在南城门租车处租了自行车。根据后句My bike was old...中的was可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填hired。 7.but　考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又晃,但是还能工作。设空处前后为转折关系,故填连词but。 8.the　考查冠词。句意:我们一路环绕西安城墙花费了约3个小时。all the way为固定短语,意为:一路上。故填the。 9.watchtowers　考查名词复数。句意:据说你花2个小时就能游完,但是我们在不同的门、瞭望塔前停下来照相,或只是看当地人做他们的日常事务。根据and前的different gates可知设空处需填名词复数watchtowers。 10.daily　考查形容词。设空处作routines的定语,需用形容词形式,故填daily。 2020 01-2020全国Ⅰ 　　China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e⁃4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—1.　　　　　　(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2.　　　　　　(extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3.　　　　　　 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4.　　　　　　(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5.　　　　　　 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e⁃4 6.　　　　　　(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7.　　　　　　(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8.　　　　　　(construct).” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9.　　　　　　 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10.　　　　　　(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。 1.touched　考查时态。句意:无人探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极—艾特肯盆地着陆。根据时间状语last week可知设空处需用一般过去时。 2.extremely　考查副词。句意:降落在月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。设空处作状语,修饰形容词challenging,需用副词形式。 3.where　考查定语从句。中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个位置,人造卫星可以在这个位置向航天器和地球发射信号。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为spot,将先行词代入定语从句后为:It could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot.设空处作地点状语,故填where。 4.interest　考查名词。月球背面尤其让科学家感兴趣。设空处作介词of的宾语,根据提示词可知设空处需填名词形式;此外“be of+抽象名词”也是固定结构。 5.than　考查介词。此处表示“因为它比人们熟悉的月球正面有更多的深环形山”。根据设空处前的more可知填介词than。 6.to find　考查不定式。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的器械来发现和研究南极—艾特肯盆地的地区。设空处作目的状语,主语Chinese researchers与find为逻辑上的主动关系,故填不定式的主动形式to find。 7.means　考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境及设空处后宾语从句中的谓语动词have可知设空处需用一般现在时;主语it为第三人称单数,故填means。 8.is constructed　考查语态和主谓一致。句意:布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“这真的使科学家们激动,因为它意味着我们有机会获得有关月球的构建方式的信息。”主语the moon与construct为被动关系,故设空处需用被动语态,主语为the moon,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 9.much　考查限定词。句意:关于月亮构造的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国确定它未来的月球基地的计划是否可行。设空处后的名词ice作“冰”讲时为不可数名词,根据上下文可知设空处填much。 10.its　考查代词。设空处作名词plans的定语,故需用形容词性物主代词;根据提示词it可知设空处填its。 02-2020全国Ⅱ Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 1.　　　　　　(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2.　　　　　　(carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3.　　　　　　(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.  These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country: Oranges: Orange trees are more 4.　　　　　　 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5.　　　　　　(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.  Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 6.　　　　　　(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7.　　　　　　 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8.　　　　　　(care) for and make great presents.  Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花): The 9.　　　　　　(beauty) long branches covered with pink⁃colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10.　　　　　　 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的新年标志着冬季的结束和春季的开始,因此春节期间用植物、水果、花朵装饰皆有特殊意义。文章还介绍了三种在中国受欢迎的植物:橘子树、竹子、梅花。 1.celebration　考查词性转换。句意:中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。根据句子结构可知,设空处被前面的冠词a限定,作表语,需要用所给词的名词形式。故填celebration。 2.carries　考查主谓一致。句意:这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。根据句子结构可知,设空处在从句中作谓语。由上下文可知,此处应使用一般现在时,且该从句的主语为前面的动名词短语“decorating with plants, fruits and flowers”,属于第三人称单数概念。故填carries。 3.coming　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的最好的祝愿。根据句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语动词represent的宾语,需使用所给词的动名词形式,the earth是其逻辑主语。故填coming。 4.than　考查固定搭配。句意:橘子树不仅仅是装饰品……。根据句子意思可知,设空处与前面的more连用,表示“不只是”。故填than。 5.decorated　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们被红包和好运的信息装饰着。根据句子结构可知,设空处与后面的介词短语一起作宾语them的补足语。them与所给词decorate之间为被动关系,需用过去分词。故填decorated。 6.Certainly　考查词性转换。句意:当然在假日期间,这种植物是必不可少的。根据句子结构可知,设空处作状语,修饰后面整句话,需用所给词的副词形式,故填Certainly。 7.with　考查固定搭配。句意:竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。设空处与前面的are associated连用,表示“与……相关联的”。故填with。 8.to care　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:它们很容易打理,也很适合作为礼物。“be+表示难、易、好、坏等的形容词”,后面需用不定式的主动形式(to do)表示被动意思。故填to care。 9.beautiful　考查词性转换。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,这是极好的装饰。根据句子结构可知,设空处与long一起修饰后面的名词“branches”,需用所给词的形容词形式。故填beautiful。 10.the　考查定冠词。句意:雪还在融化时,梅花树是第一个开花的。the first to do sth.表示“第一个去做……的”,需填定冠词the。 03-2020全国Ⅲ 　　In ancient China lived an artist 1.　　　　　　 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2.　　　　　　(fine)work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3.　　　　　　(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.  Filled with 4.　　　　　　(curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5.　　　　　　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and 6.　　　　　　(point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7.　　　　　　(find) the well⁃known painter. As the small boat moved 8.　　　　　　(gentle)along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9.　　　　　　(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 10.　　　　　　earth, Mother Nature.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。中国古代有一位画家自以为艺术造诣很高,但是一次经历让他明白了什么是最伟大的画家。 1.whose　考查定语从句。句意:在中国古代有一位画家,他的画栩栩如生。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an artist。将先行词代入从句后为:The artist's paintings were almost lifelike.由此可知引导词在从句中充当定语,所以要用关系代词whose。 2.finest　考查形容词。一天,皇上想找人给他画像,于是他召集来所有的优秀画家来展示他们最好的作品。根据语境可知此处应该用形容词的最高级形式,故填finest。 3.be chosen　考查动词的语态。这位画家确信自己会被选中。设空处是谓语动词,与he之间是被动关系,且情态动词would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 4.curiosity　考查名词。句意:心中充满了好奇,这位画家收拾好行囊就出发了。设空处充当with的宾语,所以要用所给词的名词形式。故填curiosity。 5.When/As　考查状语从句。当他向江岸上的村民们打听那位传奇画家住在哪里时,他们微笑。根据语境可知,设空处引导时间状语从句,要用when或as,注意首字母要大写。 6.pointed　考查动词的时态。他们微笑并指向江的下游。并列连词and连接两个谓语动词:smiled和pointed,时态需保持一致。 7.to find　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船动身去寻找那位知名的画家。set out to do sth.开始做某事,着手做某事。 8.gently　考查副词。句意:当小船顺着江缓缓移动时,群山在水中的沉默的倒影使他说不出话来。设空处单词修饰as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词moved,所以要用其副词形式。故填gently。 9.surrounding　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:当他看到雾从江上升起,柔软的云围绕着山顶时,他流下了眼泪。设空处是动词的非谓语形式作宾补,surround与宾语soft clouds之间是主动关系,要用v.⁃ing形式。故填surrounding。 10.on　考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终在世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然面前感到惭愧。固定搭配on earth相当于in the world“在世界上”。 2019 01-2019课标全国Ⅰ 　　The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88̊, there is evidence 1.　　　　　　 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2.　　　　　　 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.   Modern methods 3.　　　　　　 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid⁃1980s, and are expensive 4.　　　　　　 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5.　　　　　　 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6.　　　　　　 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7.　　　　　　 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 8.　　　　　　 (high) than they actually are. Of 9.　　　　　　 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10.　　　　　　 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了北极熊的分布区域和北极熊数量的变化情况。 1.that　考查同位语从句。虽然在北纬88度以北很少见到北极熊,但是有证据表明它们在整个北极地区活动,向南甚至远到加拿大的詹姆斯湾。设空处引导同位语从句,说明evidence的内容,该从句不缺少任何成分,所以要用that引导。 2.poorly　考查副词。因为对许多区域调查得不够充分,所以很难计算出全球北极熊的数量。设空处单词修饰动词studied,故用其副词形式poorly。 3.of/for　考查介词。现代化的跟踪调查北极熊数量的方法在20世纪80年代中期才开始被采用。methods of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。 4.to perform　考查不定式。这些方法大面积持续使用起来费用很高。此处为“sth. be+adj.+to do”结构,其中不定式作状语,用主动形式表被动意义。 5.have reported　考查动词时态和主谓一致。最近几年,生活在Nunavut的一些因纽特人报告说他们在人类居住区周围看到北极熊的次数增加了。设空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语In recent years可知,时态为现在完成时,主语some Inuit people为复数形式,故填have reported。 6.belief　考查名词。这些报告使人们相信北极熊的数量正在增长。设空处作leading to的宾语,且前面有不定冠词a修饰,故用所给动词的名词形式belief。 7.noting　考查动词的非谓语形式。科学家们对此作出了回应,他们指出饥饿的北极熊可能正在人类的定居点附近聚集。设空处作介词by的宾语,故用v.⁃ing形式,即by doing sth.通过做某事。 8.higher　考查比较级。这就造成了北极熊数量比它们实际数量要多的错觉。根据空后的than可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式higher。 9.the　考查冠词。句意:在被认出来的19个北极熊亚群中,有3个数量在降低,有6个是稳定的,1个在增加,还有9个缺少足够的数据。设空处在本句中表示特指,故填定冠词the。 10.are　考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空处前后与本空并列的谓语动词的时态可知,本空需用一般现在时;主语是six(subpopulations),故填are。 02-2019课标全国Ⅱ 　　A 90⁃year⁃old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1.　　　　　　 (be) Britain's oldest full⁃time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2.　　　　　　 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3.　　　　　　 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.  Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4.　　　　　　 (declare) she had no plans 5.　　　　　　 (retire) from her 36⁃year⁃old business. Irene said,“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6.　　　　　　 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7.　　　　　　 because I want to.”  Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don't have any idea who put Grandma forward. When we got a call 8.　　　　　　 (say) she was short⁃listed, we thought it was 9.　　　　　　 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 10.　　　　　　 (wonder).”  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了90岁的英国全职员工Irene Astbury坚持每天朝九晚五地在自己和丈夫开的宠物店上班而荣获“年度女性”称号的感人故事。 1.being　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:一位90岁的老人因其是英国年龄最大的全职员工而被授予“年度女性”称号,她仍然每周工作40小时。设空处作前面介词for的宾语,故此处需填名词或动名词形式。 2.which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:现在,Irene Astbury每天早上9点到下午5点在Macclesfield的宠物店工作,这家店是她与已故的丈夫Les共同开的。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the pet shop。将先行词代入定语从句后为:She opened the pet shop with her late husband Les.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,且指“事物”,故填which。 3.finally　考查副词。此处表示“她多年的辛勤工作终于得到了认可”。根据文章中的句子结构可知,设空处修饰谓语动词,作状语,需要用所给词的副词形式。 4.declared　考查时态。句意:自豪的Irene在领取“终身成就奖”时宣布,她不打算离开经营了36年的生意。设空处作proud Irene的谓语动词。后面的she had no plans...为宾语从句。根据上下文可知,设空处应该为一般过去时。 5.to retire　考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处作前面名词plans的定语。名词plan, ability等后面多用不定式作定语。 6.have made　考查时态。此处表示“我喜欢到这里来见我的家人和我这些年来交到的所有朋友”。根据后面的时间状语over the years可知,设空处应该用现在完成时。 7.but　考查连词。此处表示“我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作”。设空处与前面的not构成“not...but...(不是……而是……)”结构。 8.saying　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示“当我们接到说她入围了的电话时,我们以为这是个玩笑”。设空处作a call的后置定语。名词call与动词say之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词saying,相当于which said。 9.a　考查冠词。joke为可数名词,意为“玩笑”,在此处表示泛指。 10.wonderful　考查形容词。此处表示“这太棒了”。设空处作前面系动词is的表语,表示It的特征。 03-2019课标全国Ⅲ 　　On our way to the house, it was raining 1.　　　　　　 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 2.　　　　　　 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.  We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3.　　　　　　 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4.　　　　　　 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5.　　　　　　 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.  When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6.　　　　　　 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 7.　　　　　　 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 8.　　　　　　 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week⁃long stay, we 9.　　　　　　 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10.　　　　　　 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者一行人冒雨来到了游玩的目的地,在这里作者受到了主人的热情接待。 1.so　考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不禁想知道还要多久才能到达那里。此处为“so+adv.+that...”结构,意为:如此……以至于……,其中that引导结果状语从句。 2.to get　考查动词的非谓语形式。It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间。 3.of　考查介词。此处表示“首先迎接我们的是一群狗的叫声”。a pack of dogs一群狗。 4.who　考查定语从句。句意:它们被它们的主人训练得很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词their masters。将先行词代入定语从句后为:Their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.关系词在从句中作主语。 5.recommended　考查动词的时态。句意:主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。设空处与前面的shared是并列连词and连接的两个并列的谓语动词,也应用一般过去时。 6.competition　考查名词。句意:当他们下班后,邀请我们参加当地的活动,让我们了解要观看的有意思的比赛以及背后的故事。设空处作know of的宾语,结合空前的an interesting可知,此处应该用所给词的名词形式。 7.traditional　考查形容词。句意:他们还与我们分享了许多深受游客欢迎的夏威夷传统故事。设空处修饰后面的名词,故用所给词的形容词形式。 8.hugely　考查副词。设空处修饰后面的形容词,故用程度副词hugely。 9.were invited　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在我们为期一周的逗留的最后一天,我们应邀在北海岸一个美丽的农场参加了一场星空下的私人音乐会,聆听音乐家的演奏,并会见了有趣的当地人。设空处是句子的谓语动词,由语境可知时态应为一般过去时,该动作与主语we之间是被动关系,故填were invited。 10.listening　考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处在此处作状语,表示伴随状况。该动作与主语we之间在逻辑上是主动关系。另外,由此处与and后的meeting的并列关系也可快速判断出此处应用现在分词形式。 2018 01-2018课标全国Ⅰ 　　According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1.　　　　　　(long)than non⁃runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 2.　　　　　　(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3.　　　　　　(die)early by running.  While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 4.　　　　　　(be)more effective at lengthening life 5.　　　　　　walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6.　　　　　　showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7.　　　　　　(cause).  The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8.　　　　　　(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 9.　　　　　　(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10.　　　　　　a try.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。 1.longer　考查副词的比较级。句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比不跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填longer。 2.to see　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:你不必跑得很快、很久就能看到好处。由句意可知,此处在句中作目的状语,主语you与动词see为主动关系,故填不定式的主动式to see。 3.dying　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的风险。介词(of)后需用动名词形式作宾语,根据提示词die可知设空处填dying。 4.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老,但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比,跑步对延长寿命更有效。设空处所在从句被用来介绍一种理论,需用一般现在时;再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。 5.than　考查介词。根据题干中的“more effective”可知设空处需填介词than。 6.that/which　考查定语从句。句意:该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究,这项研究表明每天只跑步5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。先行词为study,指“物”;将先行词代入定语从句后为:The study showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and...由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。 7.causes　考查名词的“数”。cause作“原因”讲,为可数名词;根据设空处前的all可知设空处填名词复数形式,故填causes。 8.strengthen　考查词性转换。句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼以增强你的腿部肌肉……。设空处作目的状语,需用不定式形式,故在不定式符号to后填动词原形strengthen。 9.energetic　考查形容词。设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic。 10.it/running　考查代词或名词。句意:如果你时间不充裕,你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的收益,因此或许我们都应该试一试跑步。设空处作give的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上文中的running或直接填running作宾语。 02-2018课标全国Ⅱ 　　Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1.　　　　　　(grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2.　　　　　　 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.  A taste for meat is 3.　　　　　　(actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4.　　　　　　(improve)water quality. Corn uses less water 5.　　　　　　rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run⁃off. This switch has decreased 6.　　　　　　(pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.  According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 7.　　　　　　(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 8.　　　　　　(start) a soil⁃testing program 9.　　　　　　 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 10.　　　　　　(feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank's Juergen Voegele.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。自2011年以来,随着中国人的饮食结构的变化,在中国种植玉米的数量显著增加,而种植水稻的数量下降了。 1.has grown　句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。本题考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。 2.the　句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。本题考查冠词。over the past 25 years在过去的25年里。 3.actually　句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米很重要的一个作用就是用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。本题考查副词。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。 4.to improve　句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高水质。本题考查动词的非谓语形式作状语。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作目的状语。 5.than　句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。本题考查介词。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。 6.pollution　句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更安全了。本题考查名词。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。 7.global　句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。本题考查形容词。空格处作fertilizer consumption的定语,故使用globe的形容词形式global。 8.started　句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。本题考查时态。关系副词when=in 2005,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。 9.that/which　本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为program,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故使用关系代词that或which。 10.feeding　本题考查动词的非谓语形式作状语。名词China和动词feed构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词作时间状语。 03-2018课标全国Ⅲ 　　I'm not sure 1.　　　　　　is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face⁃to⁃face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2.　　　　　　top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400⁃pound male appears. He screams the 3.　　　　　　(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4.　　　　　　(look)directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 5.　　　　　　(challenge).  My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 6.　　　　　　(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 7.　　　　　　these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.  When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8.　　　　　　(they)alive. True to gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9.　　　　　　(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying:“I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10.　　　　　　(stay)and watch.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己和大猩猩的近距离接触。尽管大猩猩表现得很凶猛,但它们并非好斗的动物。 1.who　此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。本题考查宾语从句。“　　　 is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填who。  2.the　句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。本题考查冠词。at the top of one's lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。 3.loudest　句意:它尖叫的声音最大。本题考查副词最高级。根据句意及本句中的“of all”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填loudest。 4.looking　句意:我迅速弯下身,低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以便它不会感到受到了挑战。本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾语。动词avoid后须用动名词形式作宾语且look与主语I为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词looking。 5.challenged　本题考查动词的非谓语形式作表语。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式challenged。 6.scientist　句意:我是研究猿和猴子等动物的科学家。本题考查名词。设空处作表语,说明主语的身份;根据提示词science可知填scientist。 7.for　句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。本题考查动词短语。search for为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。 8.them　本题考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复,故填them。 9.meant　句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。本题考查时态。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant。 10.to stay　句意:一旦它的信息传递了,它就允许我待在那里观察(它们)。本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补。allow后须加不定式作宾补;又因为宾语me与stay为逻辑上的主动关系,故填to stay。 2017 01-2017课标全国Ⅰ 　　There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)　1　a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side　2　(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.  Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required　3　(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt　4　(remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As　5　result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even　6　(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food　7　(be)full of fat and salt;by　8　(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.  Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be　9　(care)not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,　10　is not good for the health.  答案 [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自我。本文介绍了低脂低盐食品对健康可能会造成的负面影响,并对影响的成因进行了分析。 1.as　考查介词。此处缺少表达“作为”意义的介词,故填as。 2.effects　考查名词复数。side effect为可数名词,根据前面的some可知,应用复数形式。 3.to process　考查不定式。根据require sth. to do sth.以及其被动形式sth. be required to do sth.可知此处填动词不定式。 4.are removed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,主语与remove之间为被动关系,故填are removed。 5.a　考查冠词。as a result结果;因此。 6.worse　考查副词。even worse更糟的是,此句与上句提到的情况相比较,故用比较级。 7.is　考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处用一般现在时态,主语fast food为不可数名词,故系动词用is。 8.eating　考查动名词。by在此处为介词,表示方式,故后面接动名词形式作by的宾语。 9.careful　考查形容词。设空处在系动词be之后作表语,故填形容词。 10.which　考查定语从句。设空处指代前面的主句,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。 02-2017课标全国Ⅱ 　　In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 　1　(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 　2　 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 　3　(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　4　 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.  Steam engines 　5　(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 　6　(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 　7　 every day.  Later, engineers 　8　(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 　9　(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 　10　(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.  答案 [语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了世界上第一条地铁——伦敦地铁的起源以及它逐步成为大众所喜爱的交通方式的发展历程。 1.crowds　考查名词。avoid“避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible修饰,故排除动名词形式;crowd作“人群”讲时,为可数名词,且前面无冠词限制,故需用复数形式。 2.from　考查介词。由语境可知此处指“上下班(to and from work)”,为固定表达。 3.laying　考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging 和下文的and then building可知,此处用动名词作included的宾语。 4.the　考查冠词。此处是说地铁开挖、铺轨完成后,要进行最后的筑顶。此处表示特指,因此应用定冠词the。 5.were used　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Steam engines和use之间为被动关系,且由上文可知叙述的是过去发生的事,故需用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语是名词的复数形式,故be动词需用were。 6.fairly　考查副词。修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式,故填fairly。 7.it　考查代词。此处指代上文中提到的the railway,需用代词it。 8.managed　考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故答案为动词的过去式。 9.introduction　考查名词。由空前的定冠词可知,此处需用名词形式。 10.successful　考查形容词。此处为“one of the+形容词最高级”结构。 03-2017课标全国Ⅲ 　　She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 　1　(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 　2　 model in New York.  Sarah 　3　(tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 　4　has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 　5　(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 　6　(educate).  She has turned down several 　7　(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 　8　 engineering or architecture.  Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 　9　(come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 　10　(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”  答案 [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。文章介绍了16岁的中学生Sarah在模特界崭露头角却依然以学业为重的故事。 1.resting　考查固定用法。固定结构spend some time(in) doing(sth.)花费时间做(某事)。 2.a　考查冠词。model为可数名词,此处表示泛指,故填冠词a。 3.has been told/was told　考查时态和语态。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为动宾关系,故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作,也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。 4.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在定语从句中作主语。应该填入关系代词who,指代Sarah。 5.to prove　考查不定式。want to do sth.想要做某事,因此空白处应该填入to prove。 6.education　考查词性转换。空白处填入的词作介词with的宾语,并受物主代词her的限定,必须用名词形式。 7.invitations　考查名词的复数。由本题前面的限定词several可判断,invitation需用复数形式。 8.in　考查介词与名词的搭配。本题前面的degree一词表示“学位”,在表达某一专业的学位时,后接介词in。 9.comes　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句讲的是Sarah对自己当前情况的理解,应该用一般现在时。主语school为第三人称单数,故谓语动词come应该加-s。 10.certainly　考查副词。空白处填入的词修饰形容词fun,应为副词。 2016 01-2016课标全国Ⅰ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1.　　　(attract).  So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 2.　　　(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3.　　　(official)given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4.　　　my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5.　　　I was the first Western TV reporter 6.　　　(permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7.　　　(introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.  On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8.　　　(it)mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9.　　　(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 10.　　　other is with mum—she never suspects.  答案 [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。文章描述了作者和熊猫结下的不解之缘。 1.attraction　考查名词。设空处作表语。句意:但是对于像我这样的旅行者,熊猫是成都最吸引人的东西。attraction n.吸引人的事物。 2.was allowed　考查动词的时态和语态。由句子结构可知此处为谓语动词。主语“I”和动词“allow”之间为被动关系,根据上句中的谓语动词was可知,文章叙述的是过去发生的事,需用一般过去时,故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。 3.officially　考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词。 4.to　考查介词。go back to“追溯到,回溯到”,为固定短语。 5.when　考查定语从句。先行词the mid-1980s为表示时间的名词,且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when引导。 6.permitted　考查非谓语动词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语。 7.introducing　考查动名词。动词include后缺宾语,需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。 8.its　考查代词。此处为it的形容词性物主代词,意为“它的”。 9.days　考查名词的复数形式。few修饰可数名词复数,故其后的名词需用复数形式。 10.the　考查冠词。one...the other...“(两者中的)一个……另外一个……”,为固定结构。 02-2016课标全国Ⅱ If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of 1.　　　(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 2.　　　(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3.　　　(be) often acceptable.  Most of us are more focused 4.　　　our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So,get an early start and try to be as productive 5.　　　possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.  Recent 6.　　　(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7.　　　(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8.　　　while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.  If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely 9.　　　(bring) your work home. It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 10.　　　(make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.  答案 [语篇解读]　如果在工作中你感到了压力,如何解决?作者给出了几种实用的减压方式,可让身心得到放松。 1.greater　考查形容词比较级。根据此句中less,可知应该用great的比较级和less并列。 2.achievement　考查名词。根据介词of,可知设空处应该填名词形式,a sense of achievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不可数名词。 3.is　考查主谓一致和时态。动名词作句子主语,谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实,故用is。 4.on　考查介词。我们大多数人早晨比一天中晚些时候更集中注意力于我们的工作。be focused on集中注意力于。 5.as　考查短语。as...as possible 尽可能……。 6.studies　考查名词单复数。根据句中的谓语动词show,可知主语应该用复数形式,故填studies。 7.regularly　考查副词。此处应该用副词形式作状语。 8.A　考查冠词。for a while是固定短语,意为:一会儿。 9.to bring　考查不定式。be likely to do sth. 为固定短语,意为:有可能做某事。 10.make　考查祈使句。但是无论是什么事,确保它是消除日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担心的事情。 03-2016课标全国Ⅲ In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl”cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 1.　　　 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.  Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 2.　　　(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3.　　　(create)special designs.  The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 4.　　　(use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 5.　　　the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6.　　　(gradual)turned into chopsticks.  Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 7.　　　 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 8.　　　(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9.　　　(be) too violent for use at the table.  Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 10.　　　their hands.  答案 [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了筷子及其发展的历史。 1.and　考查并列连词。此处表示并列关系而不是选择关系,其模式为“A,B,C and D”。故填并列连词and。 2.be made　考查情态动词和被动语态。be made of表示“由……制成”,根据设空前的情态动词might可知,此处填be made。 3.to create　考查不定式。此处不定式作目的状语。 4.using　考查现在分词。现在分词在此处作伴随状语。 5.as/when　考查连词。根据语境可知,此处用连词as/when引导时间状语从句。 6.gradually　考查副词。此处用副词修饰turned into。 7.who　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词Confucius(孔子)指人,故需用关系代词who引导定语从句。 8.development　考查名词。由设空前的冠词the和设空后的of可知应用名词。 9.were　考查动词时态和主谓一致。由并列连词and连接宾语从句中的两个并列结构可知和would remind并列的应为谓语动词,故用be动词的过去式,又因knives为复数形式,故用were。 10.with　考查介词。由语境可知设空处意为“用”,故填with。 高级词块　1.so-called/ˈsəʊˈkɔːld/ adj.所谓的 　2.roughly/ˈrʌfli/adv.大约 2015 01-2015课标全国Ⅰ Yangshuo,China It was raining lightly when I　1　(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours　2　,I'd been at home in Hong Kong,with　3　(it)choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.  I'd skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River　4　are pictured by artists in so many Chinese　5　(painting).Instead,I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,it's only an hour away　6　car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.  Yangshuo　7　(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers　8　(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it　9　(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people　10　(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.  答案 1.arrived　考查动词的时态。由语境可知说的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。 2.before/earlier　考查副词。由句子的谓语动词是过去完成时可知,该动作发生在“过去之前”,故填before或earlier。 3.its　考查代词。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词smog。 4.that/which　考查定语从句。先行词为the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。 5.paintings　考查名词的复数形式。名词前有many修饰,故需用复数形式。 6.by　考查介词。by乘,坐(交通工具等)。by car坐小汽车。 7.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处叙述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填is。 8.conducted　考查过去分词短语作定语。主语a study和动词conduct之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。 9.regularly　考查副词。修饰动词arranges应用副词形式。 10.living　考查现在分词短语作定语。被修饰的名词与动词live之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。 02-2015课标全国Ⅱ The adobe dwellings(土坯房)　1　(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even　2　most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their　3　(able)to “air condition”a house without　4　(use)electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat　5　(slow)during cool nights, thus warming the house.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough　6　(cool)the house during the hot day;　7　the same time,they warm up again for the night. This cycle　8　(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As　9　 (nature)architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 　10　thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.  答案 [语篇解读]　你见过不用空调就能自动调节温度的房子吗?美国西南部的普韦布洛村落的印第安人就能修建这样的房子。本文介绍了普韦布洛村落的印第安人的神奇土坯房以及其自动调温的过程和原理。 1.built　考查非谓语动词作定语。非谓语动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为逻辑上的被动关系,故用built。 2.the　考查冠词。该空后面是最高级标志词most,表示“最……”,故用定冠词the。 3.ability　考查词性转换。该空由their修饰,根据句意及the/one's ability to do的固定搭配可知应填名词ability。 4.using　考查非谓语动词作宾语。该空前有介词without,故用using。 5.slowly　考查词性转换。该空修饰动词短语give out,故用副词形式。 6.to cool　考查非谓语动词作状语。“be+adj.+enough”后需用不定式作状语。 7.at　考查介词。根据固定搭配at the same time (同时)可知答案。 8.goes　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。整篇文章均用一般现在时叙述,且This cycle为第三人称单数,故用goes。 9.natural　考查词性转换。该空修饰名词architects,应用形容词natural。 10.how　考查宾语从句的引导词。此处说的是“普韦布洛村落的印第安人可以精确地计算出土坯房的墙需要有‘多’厚”,故填how。 浙江卷（2017—2025） 2025 2025浙江一考 The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of 1.　　　　　　 new way of dressing, and it's beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 2.　　　　　　(time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular.  “I think it's an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 3.　　　　　　 the fact that they have something unique to wear 4.　　　　　　 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜) or contributing to landfill.”  Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women 5.　　　　　　(rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 6.　　　　　　(solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 7.　　　　　　(be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies.  Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 8.　　　　　　 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for 9.　　　　　　(people) lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean 10.　　　　　　(return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.  答案　 语篇解读　本文是说明文,主要介绍了服装租赁兴起的现象。 1. a　考查冠词。此处泛指一种新的方式,且new的发音以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。 2. times　考查名词的复数形式。此处表示“人们现在选择穿更多的衣服,但穿的次数更少了”。fewer表示“更少”,与复数名词连用。故填times。 3. on/upon　考查介词。此处表示顾客们关注的是他们有独特的衣服可以穿。focus on/upon意为“关注……”。故填on或upon。 4. and　考查并列连词。句意:如今的顾客不再介意衣物是二手的这一事实,而是更关注自己能穿上独特的服装,并且不会让自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会给垃圾填埋场增加负担。are not overstuffing...的主语是they(指代顾客们)。由此判断,have...和are not overstuffing...为并列关系。故填and。 5. to rent　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示给女性提供时尚的衣服去租赁。“for sb. to do”作后置定语修饰fashion clothes。故填to rent。 6. solution　考查词性转换。设空处作providing的宾语且空前有形容词,故填名词形式。 7. is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语。此处表示这个概念不是新的,陈述的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时。主语The concept是单数,故填is。 8. which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰less formal clothing,在从句中作package和offer的宾语,故填关系代词which。 9. people's　考查名词所有格。设空处修饰名词lives,应用名词的所有格形式,表示“人们的”。故填people's。 10. returning　考查动词的非谓语形式。mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”。 2024 2024浙江一考 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 1.　　　　　　(benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 2.　　　　　　 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 3.　　　　　　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 4.　　　　　　 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo(单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 5.　　　　　　(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 6.　　　　　　(offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 7.　　　　　　(start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8.　　　　　　(design) with two halves containing separate portions(份). Then, when you use one section, 9.　　　　　　 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 10.　　　　　　(one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 语篇解读 本文是说明文，主要介绍了为了价格折扣而多买的超市购物现象，鼓励大家理性消费。 1. to benefit 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：然而，如果你只想买一件东西，为了获得价格折扣而购买更多是不明智的。设空处作目的状语，意为“为了获得价格折扣”，应使用不定式。 2. or 考查并列连词。句意：要么你买的东西太重了，无法带回家，要么你无法在东西还新鲜时享用它们。设空处前后内容构成选择关系。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”。 3. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最能赚钱的方式给商品定价。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词the way（指物），故填关系代词that/which。 4. what 考查表语从句。句意：如果大多数顾客愿意购买更大量的商品，那就是他们会推广的东西。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作promote的宾语，表示“……的东西”，故填what。 5. criticism 考查词性转换。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”促销活动，因为受到了批评，认为这导致了浪费。设空处位于定冠词后，作because of的宾语，且空后有that引导的同位语从句进行补充说明，故应使用名词形式，意为“批评，评论”。 6. be offered 考查被动语态。设空处与could一起作if引导的条件状语从句的谓语，与从句主语they（指代sausages）构成被动关系（香肠能够以更小的包装被提供），故应使用被动语态。根据情态动词could可知，此处应填be offered。 7. have started 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去两年，一些超市开始以一分为二、独立包装的方式出售鸡肉或沙拉。设空处作句子的谓语。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，应使用现在完成时。主语some supermarkets是复数形式，故填have started。 8. designed 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题解析。第7空所填的have started为句子谓语，设空处与之不构成并列关系，故此处为非谓语形式作后置定语，与被修饰词packs构成被动关系（包装被设计成……），故使用过去分词形式。 9. the 考查冠词。句意：那么，当你吃其中一半时，另一半仍然新鲜。根据上一句中的two halves可知，物品被分为两半；再结合one可知，此处特指两半中的另一半，故使用定冠词the。 10. ones 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的超市会推出各种个人定制的包装规格，还有特别优惠。设空处单词one指代上文提到的超市（supermarket）。some of后常接复数名词，所以设空处指代上文提到的supermarkets，故应使用复数形式ones。 2023 2023浙江一考 During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 1.　　　　　　 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 2.　　　　　　(original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.  In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 3.　　　　　　(surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 4.　　　　　　(permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5.　　　　　　(feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 6.　　　　　　(space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7.　　　　　　(simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.  Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 8.　　　　　　 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9.　　　　　(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 10.　　　　 culture of grassroots Beijingers.  答案　 语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章介绍了北京胡同的意义、历史及文化内涵。 1. and　考查连词。句意:在中国古代,皇帝们规划北京城,并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知,此处应使用and连接并列的谓语planned和arranged。故填and。 2. originally　考查词性转换。空格处修饰meaning,需用副词形式。故填originally。 3. surrounded　考查动词的非谓语形式。主句the center was the Forbidden City是主系表结构,且没有并列连词,因此空格处需用非谓语形式,the Forbidden City和surround之间是被动关系,需用过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 4. were permitted　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处在句中作谓语,permit和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系,因为是对过去情况的描述,应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 5. featured　考查动词的时态。空格处为谓语动词,再结合上下文时态可知,空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 6. spacious　考查词性转换。空格处需用形容词作定语修饰名词homes。故填spacious。 7. simpler　考查形容词的比较等级。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要用形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 8. as　考查介词。此处指由于北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,故用介词as。 9. events　考查名词的复数形式。根据空格前的形容词historic可知,空格处需用名词,且event为可数名词,应用其复数形式。故填events。 10. the　考查冠词。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知,此处culture表示特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 2022 01-2022浙江二考 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 1 (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 2 (do). John Olson, a former 3 (photograph) and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的) paintings work as a way to show art to 4 blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层) is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 5 (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 6 (sight) people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly 7 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he 8 (notice) her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means 9 (independent). “The feeling of being able to see it 10 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 【答案】 1. be appreciated 2. to do 3. photographer 4. the 5. existing 6. sighted 7. at 8. noticed 9. independence 10. and 02-2022浙江一考 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 1 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane— 2 (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 3 (be) now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and 4 (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 5 (rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists— 6 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 7 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 8 time, they agreed. When the answer was no, she declined the 9 (invite). That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 10 (continue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding,” she says—“a really positive change.” 【答案】 1. who/that 2. is viewed/has been viewed 3. are 4. changing 5. roughly 6. have promised 7. whether/if  8. the 9. invitation 10. to continue 2021 01-2021浙江二考 It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it 2 $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 (marry) ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today. Mary's niece wrote,“The little home 5 (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 6 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.” Although Mary loved flowers, 7 she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 (plant) flowers in the front yard. 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture. 答案 1.has proved/has proven 2.for 3.marriage 4.smaller 5.was painted 6.herself 7.neither 8.to plant 9.The 10.sold 02-2021浙江一考 In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 1 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp). This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 【答案】 1. and 2. that/which 3. person's 4. is considered 5. by 6. was 7. studied 8. sharply 9. living 10. lower 2020 01-2020浙江二考 　　Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 　1　, through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 　2　 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.  Farming produced more food per person 　3　 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 　4　(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 　5　(change) lives.  By about 6000 BC, people 　6　(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 　7　(season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 　8　(make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.  This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 　9　 rise of science, changes began. New methods 　10　(mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.  答案 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与社会。文章介绍了从人类逐渐减少依靠狩猎生活,逐步发展起农业,到使用新型机械和人工肥料的现代农业的过程。 1.in　考查介词。根据文章中句子的结构可知,they lived　　　为限制性定语从句,先行词为world。将先行词代入定语从句后,应为they lived in the world,故填in。  2.what　考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知设空处引导介词后的宾语从句,且设空处在从句中作主语,表示“什么”,故填what。 3.than　考查介词。题干中的“more”有比较含义,故填than。 4.was needed　考查时态和语态。主语与谓语之间是被动关系,并且讲述的是过去的事情,故填was needed。 5.to change　考查不定式。此处不定式作定语,修饰power,根据the power to do sth.可知此处填不定式。 6.had discovered　考查时态。根据By about 6000 BC可知应用过去完成时。 7.seasons　考查名词复数。根据常识,一年有四季,可知此处应填名词复数。 8.making　考查分词。句中已经有了谓语动词learned,make和句子的主语they是主动关系, 故填making。 9.the　考查冠词。设空处特指科学的发展, 故填the。 10.meant　考查时态。设空处讲述的是过去的事情,故填meant。 02-2020浙江一考 Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 1 (be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected 2 (increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 3 (number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 10; by 2050, it will be one in six. This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large 5 (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 6 (old) than before. This is 7 (particular) true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9 (place) on longevity(长寿). It isn’t just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 【答案】 1. was 2. to increase 3. numbers 4. by 5. compared 6. older 7. particularly 8. a 9. be placed 10. and 2019 01-2019浙江二考 There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 1 (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears 2 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 3 gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 4 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 5 (easy) see them. But can uniforms help improve school standards?The answer 6 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades 7 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want 8 (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no 9 (connect) between uniforms and school performance. School uniforms are 10 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms. 答案 1.has/will have 2.the 3.that/which 4.cycling 5.easily 6.to 7.improved 8.to wear 9.connection/connections 10.traditional 02-2019浙江一考 The Caffeine Catch Caffeine, a chemical typically found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply. You probably 1 (use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine 2 (be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine. Soft drinks are the major source(来源) of caffeine for most children and even some adults. 3 (recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks. Small amounts of caffeine-a cup 4 two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people. However, some people have trouble with even small amounts. One cup of coffee 5 the late afternoon or evening will cause 6 (they) to stay awake almost all night. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem 7 (call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep. It is possible 8 caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. One study showed that 9 (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely 10 (have) children with birth defects. 【答案】 1. have used/ have been using 2. is (was) 3. Recently 4. or 5. in 6. them 7. called 8. that 9. women 10. to have 2018 01-2018浙江二考 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 1 (dish)is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 2 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 3 can be to eat out. I still remember 4 (visit)a friend who'd lived here for five years and I 5 (shock)when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to 6 (become)common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost. The obvious one is money;eating out once or twice a week may be 7 (afford)but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 8 (high)cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 9 (weigh)problems. If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home 10 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket. 答案 1.dishes 2.who/that 3.it 4.visiting 5.was shocked 6.have become 7.affordable 8.higher 9.weight 10.for 02-2018浙江一考 Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it’s 1 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, 2 means you’ll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few 3 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 4 the rest of your life, and that’s also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. One of the 5 (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 6 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it 7 (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 8 (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 9 (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 10 (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. 【答案】 1.an 2.which 3.months 4.for 5.effective 6.really 7.sounds 8.reading 9.their 10.learned/learnt 2017 01-2017浙江二考 Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1. _____ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 2._____ (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring. Pahlsson screamed 3. _____ loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 4. _____ (I),” says Pahlsson. Sixteen years 5. _____ (early), Pahlsson had rem oved the diamond ring 6. _____ (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight,and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 7. _____ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8._____(sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 9._____ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长)through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 10. _____ wonder. 答案 1.carrots 2. shiny/shining 3. so 4. myself 5. earlier 6. to cook 7. searched 8. swept 9. where 10. a 02-2017浙江一考 Magic Touch From my hotel room window, I could see a large advertisement board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician. I absentmindedly turned the 1 (page) of the phone book and came across a city map. Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets 2 the hotel to the opera hall. Not more 3 a halfhour walk, I thought. I looked 4 (quick) at the clock. The show starts in one hour; plenty of time! I drank the rest of my coffee and went to take a shower. Soon after, I was on my way to the show, 5 (carry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile. The hall was dark when I came in; the show was about 6 (begin). I made my way backstage just 7 the great magician was putting on his top hat. “Daddy, I’m so glad to see you,” I 8 (whisper). “I’m in town for the writer’s class, but I just couldn’t miss your show.” I gave$$