Unit 5 Grammar-further study 知识点 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单以“动词不定式用法”为核心，从动物园场景例句切入，先梳理arrive at/in/副词等词汇辨析，再明确start、begin等动词后不定式基本用法，通过remember/forget等易混动词的to do与doing对比搭建进阶支架，最终结合野生动物保护语境实现语法知识向语用能力迁移。 知识链路按“例句感知—规则提炼—对比辨析—语境应用”逻辑整合多课内容，亮点在于通过易混动词对比（如try to do/doing）培养思维品质，结合主题语境提升语言能力，同时提供词汇用法、短语拓展，助力学习能力发展，使语法学习兼具系统性与实用性。

Grammar A Using verbs+ to -infinitives 1. When we arrived at the zoo, the panda started to come out of their home.(p70) 三个到达:arrive at+小地点(village) arrive in+大地点(city) arrive +副词(here/there/home...) get to+地点 get +副词(here/there/home...) reach+副词(here/there/home...) start to do 使用不定式结构,侧重即将发生的动作或潜在可能性(如计划、意图)。 Eg:I started to cook when I heard footsteps. (听到脚步声后开始准备做饭) start doing 采用动名词形式,强调已实际开展并持续进行的动作 Eg:She started cooking at 6 pm. (下午6点已进入烹饪状态) 2. I like one of the pandas most. That panda was full of energy.He began to eat bamboo for breakfast.(p70) like...most辨析like...best like...most强调客观统计,范围限定,需要搭配among/of等词 like...best强调个人主观偏好,不需要范围限定 3. After that, he tried to exercise. A few minutes later, he decided to climb a tree. He even wanted to climb over the wall!(p70) try to do sth.- try doing sth. decide to do sth.- want to do sth. 4. We often use to -infinitives after these verbs: start, begin, try, decide, want, learn, plan, prepare, choose, fail, remember, forget, agree, etc.(p70) 1 remember to do sth.记得要做某事- remember doing sth. 记得做过 2 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事- forget doing sth.忘记做过 3 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事- stop doing sth.停下正在做的事 4 need to do sth.需要做- need doing sth.需要被做 fail to do sth.未能做成某事 5. Once in a while, she manage to climb up the tree, but she often fail to get down.(p70) once in a while偶尔,有时 once adv.曾经,一度 conj.一旦 n.一次 at once立刻,马上 manage to do sth.设法做成某事 6. We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. We buy some toys to make her happy. We also give her some gifts to celebrate her birthday every year.(p70) prepare sth. for sb.为某人准备某物 7. Whales make loud noises in order to talk to each other. (p71)// Zebras live in groups in order to stay safe.(p71)// Baby animals watch their parents to learn hunting skills.(p71) make loud noises发出噪音 noise 可数名词-单数-可清晰识别的单个声响 -复数-描述多次独立发生的声响/强调多样化的声音 不可数名词-表示整体噪音概念 Word power-The suffixes -ing, -ness and -ion 1. We are members of Wild Animals Club, many wild animals are now in danger because of hunting.(p72) members of.../ a member of... because of + 名词/代词/动名词 because + 句子 2. We hope you can accept our invitation to protect them. Thanks for your kindness.(p72) accept 强调主动自愿接受(心理) receive强调仅接到或收到的事实(物质) Integration-Protecting wild animals 1. we live in the Arctic. We are the biggest meat-eaters on land, and we often have to travel a long way to find food.(p73) Arctic n.北极 adj.北极的 Antarctic n.南极洲,南极地区 adj.南极的 2. The earth is becoming warmer, and the Arctic ice is melting. This make it more difficult for us to survive. Today there are about 22000 to 31000 of us on earth, and this number may still drop.(p73) melt v.融化-melted- melted make it +adj.(比较级)+ for sb. to do sth. survive vi.幸存-survive from... 从...中幸存 survive on...靠...活下来 survive as...以……的身份/形式存活下来 survivor n.幸存者- survival n.幸存 drop v.投,丢,渐少,降低 n.滴,少量 3. The ocean is our home and we can live up to 90 years old. In the past, humans hunted us and there were very few of us left.(p73) live up to+年龄 活到..岁 left adj.左边的,剩下的 4. Now it is against the law to hunt us, but we are still at risk.(p73) against the law 违反法律 against the wall倚着墙 play against与...比赛,对抗 be against sb.反对某人 against the wind逆风 5. stop people from hunting(p73) stop sb. from doing sth. = keep/prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 6. Reasons why some wild animals are in danger(p74) 7. natural disasters自然灾害//human activities人类活动(p74) //lose: lose one’s way迷路 lose weight减肥 lose heart灰心,气馁 lose one’s life/lives失去生命 //make it difficult/hard for animals to live healthy lives-make it+ adj. for sb. to do sth. //hunt animals for food and their fur 8. Moreover, the earth is getting warmer and serious weather events may happen more often.(p74) serious adj.①严重的serous illness严重的疾病 nothing serious没什么严重的 ②认真的be serious about... Are you serious? ③严肃的a serious man 9. Yes, that’s a great point.//What a good idea!(p75) 感叹句what型: 10. We ate special plants near our homes, but they became fewer and fewer when farmers started using them to feed their animals.(p76) start to do 使用不定式结构,侧重即将发生的动作或潜在可能性(如计划、意图)。 start doing 采用动名词形式,强调已实际开展并持续进行的动作 11. Please help us, or there may be none of us left in the future.//Thanks for reading our letter.(p76) left adj.剩余的 leave v.留下,落下,离开 leave for+地点 -动身去某地 leave A for B -离开A 地到B地 leave sb./sth. behind -把某人或某物留下 leave sth. +介词短语 -把某物落在某地 leave sb. alone-让某人独自待着 leave a message-留口信 12. Have you ever wonder what it is like to live in Antarctic?//wildlife on all seven continents wonder v.想要知道=want to know n.奇观 -wonderful adj. 极棒的 no wonder 难怪 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$