Unit 7 The natural world 语法培优卷 -2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 7 The natural world语法培优卷 一、语法过关（20分） A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. We should try our best ______ (prevent) pollution in wetlands. 2. The ocean ______ (cover) about 71% of the earth's surface. 3. Many desert plants can ______ (store) water in their leaves. 4. Too much plastic waste ______ (harm) the ocean ecosystem. 5. Forests are important because they ______ (take in) carbon dioxide. 6. The government ______ (create) more nature reserves last year. 7. It's ______ (luck) that scientists are working hard to save coral reefs. 8. Wetlands act like the earth's ______ (kidney) to clean water. 9. People must stop ______ (cut) down trees to protect forests. 10. The documentary shows how ______ (careful) animals live in grasslands. 1. to prevent 句意：我们应该尽最大努力阻止湿地污染。 考点分析：try one's best to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “尽某人最大努力做某事”，故此处用动词不定式 to prevent。 2. covers 句意：海洋覆盖了地球表面约 71% 的面积。 考点分析：句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 the ocean 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 covers。 3. store 句意：许多沙漠植物能在它们的叶子里储存水分。 考点分析：情态动词 can 后接动词原形，故用 store。 4. harms 句意：过多的塑料垃圾会危害海洋生态系统。 考点分析：句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语 too much plastic waste 是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 harms。 5. take in 句意：森林很重要，因为它们吸收二氧化碳。 考点分析：句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 they（指代 forests）是复数，谓语动词用原形 take in。 6. created 句意：政府去年建立了更多的自然保护区。 考点分析：last year 提示句子用一般过去时，create 的过去式是 created。 7. lucky 句意：幸运的是，科学家们正在努力拯救珊瑚礁。 考点分析：it's 后接形容词作表语，luck 的形容词形式是 lucky。 8. kidneys 句意：湿地就像地球的肾脏一样净化水。 考点分析：根据常识和语境，湿地的作用类似多个肾脏，故用 kidney 的复数形式 kidneys。 9. cutting 句意：人们必须停止砍伐树木以保护森林。 考点分析：stop doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “停止做某事”，故用 cut 的动名词形式 cutting。 10. carefully 句意：这部纪录片展示了动物在草原上如何谨慎地生活。 考点分析：修饰动词 live 要用副词，careful 的副词形式是 carefully。 B. 句型转换（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 1. The ocean provides food for many sea animals.（改为同义句） The ocean ______ many sea animals ______ food. 2. We should protect ecosystems.（改为被动语态） Ecosystems ______ ______ protected by us. 3. Forests are important because they produce oxygen.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ forests important? 4. The desert is dry, so some plants store water.（改为同义句） Some plants store water ______ the desert is dry. 5. The idea sounds great.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the idea sounds! 1. provides；with 句意：海洋为许多海洋动物提供食物。 考点分析：provide sth. for sb. 与 provide sb. with sth. 是同义短语，均意为 “为某人提供某物”，故此处转换为 provides；with。 2. should be 句意：生态系统应该被我们保护。 考点分析：原句是主动语态，改为被动语态时，结构为 “情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，故此处填 should be。 3. Why are 句意：森林为什么重要？ 考点分析：划线部分是 because 引导的原因状语从句，对原因提问用 why，原句中有 be 动词 are，变疑问句时将 are 提前，故填 Why are。 4. because 句意：一些植物储存水分，因为沙漠很干燥。 考点分析：原句用 so 表示结果，转换为用 because 表示原因，前后句逻辑关系一致，故填 because。 5. How great 句意：这个主意听起来多棒啊！ 考点分析：感叹句结构为 “How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，原句中 great 是形容词，故用 How great。 二、词汇过关（20分） A. 选词填空，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其正确形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）balance oxygen surface pollution ecosystem prevent store support harmful protect 1. The ocean produces about 70% of the earth's ______. 2. We must take action to ______ the environment from being destroyed. 3. Plastic waste is ______ to sea life in the ocean. 4. Wetlands can ______ floods by storing water during heavy rains. 5. The forest is a complex ______ with many plants and animals. 6. The earth's ______ is covered by 71% water and 29% land. 7. Plants in wetlands help get rid of ______ and keep the water clean. 8. It's important to keep the ______ of nature to avoid climate change. 9. The soil can ______ water and give it to plants when they need it. 10. Coral reefs ______ thousands of sea creatures in a small area. 1. oxygen 句意：海洋产生了地球上约 70% 的氧气。 考点分析：根据句意及常识，海洋产生氧气，oxygen 是不可数名词。 2. protect 句意：我们必须采取行动保护地球免受破坏。 考点分析：protect...from... 是固定短语，意为 “保护…… 免受……”。 3. harmful 句意：塑料垃圾对海洋生物有害。 考点分析：be harmful to 是固定短语，意为 “对…… 有害”。 4. prevent 句意：湿地可以通过在暴雨时储存水来预防洪水。 考点分析：prevent 意为 “预防，阻止”，符合语境。 5. ecosystem 句意：森林是一个复杂的生态系统，里面有许多动植物。 考点分析：根据句意，森林是一种生态系统，用单数形式。 6. surface 句意：地球表面 71% 被水覆盖，29% 是陆地。 考点分析：surface 意为 “表面”，符合语境。 7. pollution 句意：湿地里的植物帮助清除污染，保持水的清洁。 考点分析：pollution 是不可数名词，作 get rid of 的宾语。 8. balance 句意：保持自然平衡以避免气候变化是很重要的。 考点分析：keep the balance of 是固定短语，意为 “保持…… 的平衡”。 9. store 句意：土壤可以储存水，并在植物需要时提供给它们。 考点分析：store 意为 “储存”，符合语境，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 10. support 句意：珊瑚礁在小范围内支撑着成千上万的海洋生物。 考点分析：support 意为 “支撑，支持”，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。 B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1.The ______ (nature) world is full of wonderful ecosystems. 2.We should use ______ (environment) friendly products to reduce pollution. 3.The ______ (hot) in deserts can reach over 40℃ during the day. 4.Many ______ (science) are working hard to protect coral reefs. 5.The ______ (deep) of the ocean can be more than 10,000 meters. 6.The ______ (pollute) of the river has killed many fish. 7.It's ______ (danger) to throw plastic bags into the sea. 8.The ______ (protect) of forests is important for our future. 9.The ______ (live) things in an ecosystem depend on each other. 10.We need to learn more about the ______ (important) of wetlands. 1. natural 句意：自然界充满了奇妙的生态系统。 考点分析：此处用形容词 natural 修饰名词 world。 2. environmentally 句意：我们应该使用环保产品来减少污染。 考点分析：此处用副词 environmentally 修饰形容词 friendly。 3. heat 句意：沙漠里白天的温度能超过 40℃。 考点分析：此处用名词 heat 作主语，heat 是不可数名词。 4. scientists 句意：许多科学家正在努力保护珊瑚礁。 考点分析：many 后接可数名词复数，science 的名词形式是 scientist，复数为 scientists。 5. depth 句意：海洋的深度可以超过 10,000 米。 考点分析：此处用名词 depth 作主语，depth 是不可数名词。 6. pollution 句意：河流的污染杀死了许多鱼。 考点分析：此处用名词 pollution 作主语，pollution 是不可数名词。 7. dangerous 句意：把塑料袋扔进海里是危险的。 考点分析：此处用形容词 dangerous 作表语。 8. protection 句意：森林的保护对我们的未来很重要。 考点分析：此处用名词 protection 作主语，protection 是不可数名词。 9. living 句意：生态系统中的生物相互依赖。 考点分析：living things 意为 “生物”，是固定搭配。 10. importance 句意：我们需要更多地了解湿地的重要性。 考点分析：此处用名词 importance 作介词 about 的宾语，importance 是不可数名词。 三、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. ______ ecosystem includes both living and non-living things. A. A B. An C. The D. / 2. Forests ______ carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. A. take off B. take in C. take out D. take up 3. Wetlands are called the “kidneys” of the earth ______ they clean the water. A. because B. so C. but D. or 4. The ocean ______ 71% of the earth's surface. A. covers B. covers with C. is covered D. is covered with 5. We should ______ plastic bags to protect the ocean. A. use more B. stop using C. keep using D. start using 6. Some desert animals get water ______ plants. A. to B. from C. with D. for 7. The temperature in deserts ______ a lot between day and night. A. changes B. changes with C. changes into D. changes for 8. ______ is a big problem for coral reefs. A. Pollution B. Pollute C. Polluted D. Polluting 9. We can ______ the beach to keep it clean. A. clean up B. put up C. pick up D. look up 10. The government has made laws ______ protect wetlands. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 11. Oceans, wetlands and forests are ______ main ecosystems on earth. A. three B. the three C. third D. the third 12. Plants in wetlands help ______ pollution. A. get rid of B. get on with C. get up D. get off 13. ______ it is raining heavily, wetlands can store water like sponges. A. When B. Before C. After D. Until 14. We should encourage people ______ part in protecting ecosystems. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 15. The ocean is ______ the “heart” of the earth because it circulates water. A. called B. calling C. to call D. call 1. B 句意：一个生态系统包括生物和非生物。 考点分析：ecosystem 是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an。 2. B 句意：森林吸收二氧化碳并产生氧气。 考点分析：take in 意为 “吸收”；take off 意为 “起飞，脱下”；take out 意为 “取出”；take up 意为 “占据”。根据句意选 B。 3. A 句意：湿地被称为 “地球之肾”，因为它们能净化水。 考点分析：because 表示原因；so 表示结果；but 表示转折；or 表示选择。根据句意选 A。 4. A 句意：海洋覆盖了地球表面 71% 的面积。 考点分析：cover 意为 “覆盖”，主语 the ocean 是第三人称单数，用 covers；be covered with 意为 “被…… 覆盖”，不符合语境。 5. B 句意：我们应该停止使用塑料袋来保护海洋。 考点分析：use more 意为 “多用”；stop using 意为 “停止使用”；keep using 意为 “继续使用”；start using 意为 “开始使用”。根据语境选 B。 6. B 句意：一些沙漠动物从植物中获取水分。 考点分析：get...from... 意为 “从…… 获取……”，是固定搭配。 7. A 句意：沙漠的温度在白天和晚上变化很大。 考点分析：change 意为 “变化”；change with 意为 “随…… 变化”；change into 意为 “变成”；change for 意为 “交换”。根据句意选 A。 8. A 句意：污染对珊瑚礁来说是个大问题。 考点分析：此处用名词 pollution 作主语；pollute 是动词；polluted 是形容词；polluting 是动名词。 9. A 句意：我们可以清理海滩以保持它的清洁。 考点分析：clean up 意为 “清理”；put up 意为 “张贴”；pick up 意为 “捡起”；look up 意为 “查阅”。根据句意选 A。 10. B 句意：政府已经制定了法律来帮助保护湿地。 考点分析：此处用动词不定式 to help 作目的状语。 11. B 句意：海洋、湿地和森林是地球上的三大主要生态系统。 考点分析：此处表示特指的三个，用 the three。 12. A 句意：湿地里的植物帮助清除污染。 考点分析：get rid of 意为 “清除”；get on with 意为 “与…… 相处”；get up 意为 “起床”；get off 意为 “下车”。根据句意选 A。 13. A 句意：当雨下得很大时，湿地可以像海绵一样储存水。 考点分析：when 意为 “当…… 时”；before 意为 “在…… 之前”；after 意为 “在…… 之后”；until 意为 “直到”。根据句意选 A。 14. C 句意：我们应该鼓励人们参与保护生态系统。 考点分析：encourage sb. to do sth. 是固定短语，意为 “鼓励某人做某事”。 15. A 句意：海洋被称为 “地球之心”，因为它能循环水。 考点分析：此处用被动语态，be called 意为 “被称为”。 四、完成句子（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 1. 湿地能像海绵一样储存雨水。 Wetlands can ______ rainwater ______ giant sponges. 2. 大约 40% 的动植物生活在湿地中。 About 40% of plants and animals ______ ______ wetlands. 3. 我们必须采取行动阻止海洋污染。 We must ______ ______ to prevent ocean pollution. 4. 森林被称为 “地球之肺”，因为它们能净化空气。 Forests ______ ______ "the lungs of the earth" because they clean the air. 5. 人类活动正在破坏生态系统的平衡。 Human activities are ______ ______ ______ of ecosystems. 1. store；like 句意：湿地能像海绵一样储存雨水。 考点分析：“储存” 用 store 表示，“像…… 一样” 用 like 表示，符合语境。 2. live in 句意：大约 40% 的动植物生活在湿地中。 考点分析：“生活在…… 中” 用 live in 表示，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。 3. take action 句意：我们必须采取行动阻止海洋污染。 考点分析：“采取行动” 是固定短语 take action，情态动词 must 后接动词原形。 4. are called 句意：森林被称为 “地球之肺”，因为它们能净化空气。 考点分析：“被称为” 用被动语态 be called 表示，主语 forests 是复数，be 动词用 are。 5. breaking the balance 句意：人类活动正在破坏生态系统的平衡。 考点分析：“破坏…… 的平衡” 用 break the balance 表示，句子是现在进行时，break 用现在分词形式 breaking。 五、语法选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Rainforests are important ecosystems on earth. They 1 about 6% of the earth's land area, but half of the world's plants and animals live there. The trees in rainforests 2 a lot of carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, which is good for the air. However, rainforests are in 3 . Many people cut down trees to make space for farms and buildings. This 4 the homes of animals and plants. 5 , the climate is also changing, which makes rainforests drier. What can we do to 6 rainforests? First, we can use less paper to reduce the need for cutting trees. Second, we can 7 others about the importance of rainforests. Third, we can support companies that protect rainforests 8 of destroying them. Protecting rainforests is important for 9 . If we don't act now, many plants and animals will disappear forever. Let's work together to keep rainforests 10 . 1. A. cover B. take C. make D. get 2. A. give out B. take in C. put off D. set up 3. A. safety B. danger C. control D. order 4. A. protects B. builds C. destroys D. improves 5. A. Also B. But C. Or D. So 6. A. harm B. damage C. protect D. waste 7. A. teach B. learn C. hear D. see 8. A. because B. instead C. lots D. full 9. A. nothing B. everything C. someone D. everyone 10. A. dangerous B. healthy C. dirty D. empty 1. A 句意：它们覆盖了地球陆地面积的约 6%，但世界上一半的动植物生活在那里。 考点分析：cover 意为 “覆盖”，符合语境。 2. B 句意：雨林中的树木吸收大量二氧化碳并产生氧气，这对空气有益。 考点分析：take in 意为 “吸收”，符合语境。 3. B 句意：然而，雨林正处于危险之中。 考点分析：in danger 意为 “处于危险之中”，符合语境。 4. C 句意：这破坏了动植物的家园。 考点分析：destroy 意为 “破坏”，符合语境，主语是 this，用第三人称单数形式。 5. A 句意：此外，气候也在变化，这使得雨林更加干燥。 考点分析：also 意为 “此外”，表示补充说明。 6. C 句意：我们能做些什么来保护雨林呢？ 考点分析：protect 意为 “保护”，符合语境。 7. A 句意：其次，我们可以向其他人宣传雨林的重要性。 考点分析：teach 意为 “教，宣传”，符合语境。 8. B 句意：第三，我们可以支持那些保护雨林而不是破坏它们的公司。 考点分析：instead of 意为 “而不是”，是固定短语。 9. D 句意：保护雨林对每个人都很重要。 考点分析：everyone 意为 “每个人”，符合语境。 10. B 句意：让我们一起努力保持雨林的健康。 考点分析：healthy 意为 “健康的”，符合语境。 六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Wetlands are amazing ecosystems. They cover only about 6% of the earth's land area, 1 they are home to 40% of the world's plants and animals. Wetlands 2 (call) the "kidneys" of the earth because they help clean the water. Plants in wetlands can get rid 3 pollution, making the water fresh. During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges. This helps 4 (prevent) floods. Many birds live in wetlands all year round, while some go there 5 (spend) the winter. For example, Zhalong Nature Reserve in China is 6 important home for red-crowned cranes. However, wetlands are facing problems. Some people want to make wetlands 7 (small) to build farms. This 8 (leave) less space for wildlife. To protect wetlands, governments have made laws. We can also help by 9 (keep) wetlands clean and telling others about their importance. Wetlands are important for 10 (we) and the planet. Let's protect them together! 1. but 句意：它们只覆盖了地球陆地面积的约 6%，但却是世界上 40% 的动植物的家园。 考点分析：前后句是转折关系，用 but 连接。 2. are called 句意：湿地被称为 “地球之肾”，因为它们帮助净化水。 考点分析：此处用被动语态，主语是复数，be 动词用 are，call 的过去分词是 called。 3. of 句意：湿地里的植物可以清除污染，使水变清新。 考点分析：get rid of 是固定短语，意为 “清除”。 4. (to) prevent 句意：这有助于预防洪水。 考点分析：help (to) do sth. 是固定短语，意为 “帮助做某事”。 5. to spend 句意：许多鸟类常年生活在湿地，而有些则去那里过冬。 考点分析：此处用动词不定式 to spend 作目的状语。 6. an 句意：例如，中国的扎龙自然保护区是丹顶鹤的重要家园。 考点分析：important 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an。 7. smaller 句意：有些人想缩小湿地面积来建造农场。 考点分析：根据语境，此处用比较级 smaller。 8. leaves 句意：这给野生动物留下的空间更少了。 考点分析：主语是 this，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 leaves。 9. keeping 句意：我们也可以通过保持湿地清洁和告诉别人它们的重要性来提供帮助。 考点分析：by 是介词，后接动名词 keeping。 10. us 句意：湿地对我们和地球都很重要。 考点分析：for 是介词，后接宾格 us。 七、补全对话（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从选项中选择合适的句子，补全对话。其中有两项多余。 Amy: Hi Daniel, 1 ? Daniel: Yes! It includes all living and non-living things in an area. 2 . Amy: That's cool. 3 ? Daniel: Because they clean water and provide homes for wildlife. 4 . Amy: 5 ? I saw a report about it. Daniel: Yes, it's a famous wetland in Heilongjiang. 6 . Amy: But I heard 7 . What's the problem? Daniel: Some people want to build farms there. 8 . Amy: 9 ? Daniel: 10  and tell others to protect wetlands. Amy: Good idea! Let's start now. A. What can we do to help? B. It's home to many rare birds. C. How large is Zhalong Nature Reserve? D. Why are wetlands important? E. I learned about ecosystems in class. F. They also help prevent floods. G. Many animals are losing their homes. H. We should stop polluting them. I. Have you heard of Zhalong? J. Do you know what an ecosystem is? K. The water there is getting dirty. L. Let's join a clean-up project. L. That's a good idea! 1. J 句意：你知道生态系统是什么吗？ 考点分析：根据下文 Daniel 的回答 “It includes all living and non-living things in an area.” 可知，Amy 在询问生态系统的定义，J 选项符合语境。 2. E 句意：我在课堂上学习过生态系统。 考点分析：Daniel 回答了生态系统的定义后，补充说明自己学习过相关知识，E 选项符合语境。 3. D 句意：湿地为什么重要？ 考点分析：根据下文 Daniel 的回答 “Because they clean water and provide homes for wildlife.” 可知，Amy 在询问湿地重要的原因，D 选项符合语境。 4. F 句意：它们还能帮助预防洪水。 考点分析：Daniel 在解释湿地的重要性，F 选项补充了湿地的另一作用，符合语境。 5. I 句意：你听说过扎龙吗？ 考点分析：根据下文 Daniel 的回答 “Yes, it's a famous wetland in Heilongjiang.” 可知，Amy 在询问对方是否听说过扎龙，I 选项符合语境。 6. B 句意：它是许多珍稀鸟类的家园。 考点分析：Daniel 在介绍扎龙湿地，B 选项说明其作为珍稀鸟类家园的特点，符合语境。 7. K 句意：那里的水变得越来越脏。 考点分析：Amy 询问扎龙存在的问题，K 选项指出水污染问题，符合语境。 8. G 句意：许多动物正在失去它们的家园。 考点分析：Daniel 解释问题带来的后果，人们建农场会导致动物失去家园，G 选项符合语境。 9. A 句意：我们能做些什么来帮忙呢？ 考点分析：Amy 询问能为保护湿地做些什么，A 选项符合语境。 10. H 句意：我们应该停止污染它们。 考点分析：Daniel 回答保护湿地的做法，H 选项提出停止污染，符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 7 The natural world语法培优卷 一、语法过关（20分） A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. We should try our best ______ (prevent) pollution in wetlands. 2. The ocean ______ (cover) about 71% of the earth's surface. 3. Many desert plants can ______ (store) water in their leaves. 4. Too much plastic waste ______ (harm) the ocean ecosystem. 5. Forests are important because they ______ (take in) carbon dioxide. 6. The government ______ (create) more nature reserves last year. 7. It's ______ (luck) that scientists are working hard to save coral reefs. 8. Wetlands act like the earth's ______ (kidney) to clean water. 9. People must stop ______ (cut) down trees to protect forests. 10. The documentary shows how ______ (careful) animals live in grasslands. B. 句型转换（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 1. The ocean provides food for many sea animals.（改为同义句） The ocean ______ many sea animals ______ food. 2. We should protect ecosystems.（改为被动语态） Ecosystems ______ ______ protected by us. 3. Forests are important because they produce oxygen.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ forests important? 4. The desert is dry, so some plants store water.（改为同义句） Some plants store water ______ the desert is dry. 5. The idea sounds great.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the idea sounds! 二、词汇过关（20分） A. 选词填空，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其正确形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） balance oxygen surface pollution ecosystem prevent store support harmful protect 1. The ocean produces about 70% of the earth's ______. 2. We must take action to ______ the environment from being destroyed. 3. Plastic waste is ______ to sea life in the ocean. 4. Wetlands can ______ floods by storing water during heavy rains. 5. The forest is a complex ______ with many plants and animals. 6. The earth's ______ is covered by 71% water and 29% land. 7. Plants in wetlands help get rid of ______ and keep the water clean. 8. It's important to keep the ______ of nature to avoid climate change. 9. The soil can ______ water and give it to plants when they need it. 10. Coral reefs ______ thousands of sea creatures in a small area. B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1.The ______ (nature) world is full of wonderful ecosystems. 2.We should use ______ (environment) friendly products to reduce pollution. 3.The ______ (hot) in deserts can reach over 40℃ during the day. 4.Many ______ (science) are working hard to protect coral reefs. 5.The ______ (deep) of the ocean can be more than 10,000 meters. 6.The ______ (pollute) of the river has killed many fish. 7.It's ______ (danger) to throw plastic bags into the sea. 8.The ______ (protect) of forests is important for our future. 9.The ______ (live) things in an ecosystem depend on each other. 10.We need to learn more about the ______ (important) of wetlands. 三、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. ______ ecosystem includes both living and non-living things. A. A B. An C. The D. / 2. Forests ______ carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. A. take off B. take in C. take out D. take up 3. Wetlands are called the “kidneys” of the earth ______ they clean the water. A. because B. so C. but D. or 4. The ocean ______ 71% of the earth's surface. A. covers B. covers with C. is covered D. is covered with 5. We should ______ plastic bags to protect the ocean. A. use more B. stop using C. keep using D. start using 6. Some desert animals get water ______ plants. A. to B. from C. with D. for 7. The temperature in deserts ______ a lot between day and night. A. changes B. changes with C. changes into D. changes for 8. ______ is a big problem for coral reefs. A. Pollution B. Pollute C. Polluted D. Polluting 9. We can ______ the beach to keep it clean. A. clean up B. put up C. pick up D. look up 10. The government has made laws ______ protect wetlands. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 11. Oceans, wetlands and forests are ______ main ecosystems on earth. A. three B. the three C. third D. the third 12. Plants in wetlands help ______ pollution. A. get rid of B. get on with C. get up D. get off 13. ______ it is raining heavily, wetlands can store water like sponges. A. When B. Before C. After D. Until 14. We should encourage people ______ part in protecting ecosystems. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 15. The ocean is ______ the “heart” of the earth because it circulates water. A. called B. calling C. to call D. call 四、完成句子（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 1. 湿地能像海绵一样储存雨水。 Wetlands can ______ rainwater ______ giant sponges. 2. 大约 40% 的动植物生活在湿地中。 About 40% of plants and animals ______ ______ wetlands. 3. 我们必须采取行动阻止海洋污染。 We must ______ ______ to prevent ocean pollution. 4. 森林被称为 “地球之肺”，因为它们能净化空气。 Forests ______ ______ "the lungs of the earth" because they clean the air. 5. 人类活动正在破坏生态系统的平衡。 Human activities are ______ ______ ______ of ecosystems. 五、语法选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Rainforests are important ecosystems on earth. They 1 about 6% of the earth's land area, but half of the world's plants and animals live there. The trees in rainforests 2 a lot of carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, which is good for the air. However, rainforests are in 3 . Many people cut down trees to make space for farms and buildings. This 4 the homes of animals and plants. 5 , the climate is also changing, which makes rainforests drier. What can we do to 6 rainforests? First, we can use less paper to reduce the need for cutting trees. Second, we can 7 others about the importance of rainforests. Third, we can support companies that protect rainforests 8 of destroying them. Protecting rainforests is important for 9 . If we don't act now, many plants and animals will disappear forever. Let's work together to keep rainforests 10 . 1. A. cover B. take C. make D. get 2. A. give out B. take in C. put off D. set up 3. A. safety B. danger C. control D. order 4. A. protects B. builds C. destroys D. improves 5. A. Also B. But C. Or D. So 6. A. harm B. damage C. protect D. waste 7. A. teach B. learn C. hear D. see 8. A. because B. instead C. lots D. full 9. A. nothing B. everything C. someone D. everyone 10. A. dangerous B. healthy C. dirty D. empty 六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Wetlands are amazing ecosystems. They cover only about 6% of the earth's land area, 1 they are home to 40% of the world's plants and animals. Wetlands 2 (call) the "kidneys" of the earth because they help clean the water. Plants in wetlands can get rid 3 pollution, making the water fresh. During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges. This helps 4 (prevent) floods. Many birds live in wetlands all year round, while some go there 5 (spend) the winter. For example, Zhalong Nature Reserve in China is 6 important home for red-crowned cranes. However, wetlands are facing problems. Some people want to make wetlands 7 (small) to build farms. This 8 (leave) less space for wildlife. To protect wetlands, governments have made laws. We can also help by 9 (keep) wetlands clean and telling others about their importance. Wetlands are important for 10 (we) and the planet. Let's protect them together! 七、补全对话（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从选项中选择合适的句子，补全对话。其中有两项多余。 Amy: Hi Daniel, 1 ? Daniel: Yes! It includes all living and non-living things in an area. 2 . Amy: That's cool. 3 ? Daniel: Because they clean water and provide homes for wildlife. 4 . Amy: 5 ? I saw a report about it. Daniel: Yes, it's a famous wetland in Heilongjiang. 6 . Amy: But I heard 7 . What's the problem? Daniel: Some people want to build farms there. 8 . Amy: 9 ? Daniel: 10  and tell others to protect wetlands. Amy: Good idea! Let's start now. A. What can we do to help? B. It's home to many rare birds. C. How large is Zhalong Nature Reserve? D. Why are wetlands important? E. I learned about ecosystems in class. F. They also help prevent floods. G. Many animals are losing their homes. H. We should stop polluting them. I. Have you heard of Zhalong? J. Do you know what an ecosystem is? K. The water there is getting dirty. L. Let's join a clean-up project. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$