内容正文:
Unit 2 What a day
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
感叹句的用法 高频易错点01
感叹句是表示说话人喜悦、气愤、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。一般由 What 或 How 引导 。
(1)what在感叹句中修饰名词或名词短语
What +a/an +形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 +谓语!
What a fine day it is! 多么晴朗的一天!
What +形容词 + 名词复数/不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
What nice music it is! 多么美妙的音乐!
(2)How在感叹句中用于修饰形容词或副词
How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
How beautiful the flower is!(修饰形容词)
How well they sing!(修饰副词)
易错点提示
在感叹句中,怎么区分用what还是用how呢?分为两种情况:
(一)有“主语 + 谓语(动词)”的情况:
第一步,先找句子的“主语”;
第二步,找到主语后,看主语前面的一个“单词”,
如果这个“单词”是可数名词单数,则用what a/an;
如果这个“单词”是名词复数或不可数名词,则用what;
如果这个“单词”是形容词或副词,则用how
(二)没有“主语 + 谓语(动词)”的情况:
直接看最后一个“单词”,也是分析这个单词属于上面的哪种情况
如果这个“单词”是可数名词单数,则用what a/an;
如果这个“单词”是名词复数或不可数名词,则用what;
如果这个“单词”是形容词或副词,则用how
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1. ______ a great museum!
A. What B. Where C. How
( )2. ______ beautiful she looks!
A. What a B. What C. How
( )3. ______ beautiful flowers!
A. What a B. What C. How
( )4. ______ big map!
A. What B. What’s C. What a
( )5. ______ beautiful the flowers are!
A. How B. What C. What a
选择题答案及解析
1. 答案:A 。感叹句结构中,“What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 +(主语 + 谓语)” ,此句中心词是 “museum(可数名词单数)”,“a great museum” 符合 “What + a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数” 结构,所以用 What 。
2. 答案:C。“How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语” 是 How 引导感叹句的结构,句中 “beautiful” 是形容词,符合 How 引导的结构,What 引导需接名词,所以选 C 。
3. 答案:B 。“What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 +(主语 + 谓语)” ,句中 “flowers” 是可数名词复数,所以用what,选 B 。
4. 答案:C 。“What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 +(主语 + 谓语)” ,“map” 是可数名词单数,名词单数用what a,所以选 C 。
5. 答案:A 。“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” ,句中 “beautiful” 是形容词,“the flowers are” 是主语和谓语,符合 How 引导的结构,所以选 A 。
填空题答案及解析
(1) 答案:What。“homework” 是不可数名词,“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 +(主语 + 谓语)” ,“difficult homework” 符合该结构,所以用 What 。
(2) 答案:What a。“dog” 是可数名词单数,“cute dog” 符合 “What + a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数” 结构,所以用 What a 。
(3) 答案:How。“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” ,“interesting” 是形容词,“the story is” 是主语和谓语,符合该结构,所以用 How 。
点
拨
一般过去时中行为动词的用法高频易错点02
一般过去时中,动词要用过去式,be动词用was和were,行为动词有规则和不规则变化。
(一)一般过去时的否定结构
主语 + did not/didn’t + 行为动词原形 + 其它。
I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午给林涛打了电话。
I did not/didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午没有给林涛打电话。
(二)一般过去时的一般疑问句结构
Did + 主语 + 行为动词原形 + 其它?
We stayed there for 10 days last month. 我们上个月在那儿呆了10天。
Did you stay there for 10 days last month? 你们上个月在那儿呆了10天吗?
Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t. 是的。/ 不是的。
(三)课本常见的动词过去式不规则变化:
become → became bring → brought can → could
fly → flew go → went see → saw
take → took
易错点提示
关于be动词和助动词的使用区别
助动词(do/does/did)主要功能是辅助行为动词,构建疑问、否定句式 。简言之:存
在行为动词时,常用助动词;无行为动词,用be动词。
Were you in the US some years ago?(句子中没有行为动词 )
Did you live in the US some years ago?(句中有行为动词 )
小练笔
单项选择。
( ) 1. —Where ______ you ______? — I went to buy some food for supper.
A. are, go B. did, go C. do, go
( ) 2. The students in Li Lei’s class ______ on a farm last week.
A. work B. works C. worked
( ) 3. ______ that worker ______ in a shoe factory a year ago?
A. Do, work B. Did, worked C. Did, work
( ) 4. — Have you found your pen? — Yes, I ______ it two hours ago.
A. found B. find C. finded
( ) 5. ______ your mother ______ to work last Saturday?
A. Did, go B. Do, go C.Does,go
( ) 6. ______ you ______ to school last Sunday?
A. Did, come B. Do, come C. Were, come
点
拨
1.答案:B。答句中“went”是“go”的过去式,表明句子是一般过去时。在一般过去时的特殊疑问句中,要借助助动词“did”,且后面的动词用原形“go”,所以选B 。
2.答案:C。“last week”(上周 )是一般过去时的时间标志,谓语动词要用过去式,“work”的过去式是“worked”,所以选C 。
3.答案:C。“a year ago”(一年前 )是一般过去时的时间标志,一般过去时的一般疑问句要借助助动词“did”,且后面的动词用原形“work”,所以选C 。
4.答案:A。“two hours ago”(两小时前 )是一般过去时的时间标志,谓语动词要用过去式,“find”的过去式是“found”,所以选A 。
5.答案:A。“last Saturday”(上周六 )是一般过去时的时间标志,一般过去时的一般疑问句要借助助动词“did”,且后面的动词用原形“go”,所以选A 。
6.答案:A。“last Sunday”(上周日 )是一般过去时的时间标志,一般过去时的一般疑问句要借助助动词“did”,且后面的动词用原形“come”;“were”是be动词,不能与实义动词“come”这样搭配使用,所以选A 。
描述过去的天气情况高频易错点03
weather 意为“天气”,是不可数名词
在描述过去天气状况时,我们可以用 it 来指代天气。
因为描述的是过去的天气,所以 be 动词要用 was。
句型结构:It was + 表示天气状况的形容词 (+其他)。
It was cold in Changchun in winter last year. 去年冬天长春很冷。
易错点提示
(一)询问天气的状况,可用句型:
What is the weather like today? = How is the weather today?
其一般过去时为:
What was the weather like yesterday? = How was the weather yesterday?
(二)常见的一些天气词性的转换
sun(太阳) - sunny(晴朗的) cloud(云朵) - cloudy(有云的)
wind(风) - windy(刮风的) snow(雪) - snowy(有雪的)
rain(雨) - rainy(下雨的)
注意:cloud n.云朵(是个可数名词)
There were many black clouds in the sky. 天空有很多乌云。
小练笔
按要求完成句子。
1. It was rainy a moment ago. (改为同义句)
It ______ a moment ago.
2. It was cloudy yesterday. (对画线部分提问)
What ______ the ______ yesterday?
3. It was sunny yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ sunny yesterday?
4. It often rains in Nanjing in spring. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—______ it often ______ in Nanjing in spring? —Yes,it______.点
拨
1.答案:rained。“was rainy”(是下雨的、有雨的 ),同义表达可用“rained”(下雨,动词过去式 ),表示“刚才下雨了” 。
2.答案:was;weather。对天气状况“cloudy”(多云的 )提问,用固定句型“What was the weather like...?” ,这里题目省略了“like”。
3.答案:Was it。含有be动词(was)的陈述句变一般疑问句,把be动词提前,所以是“Was it sunny yesterday?”。
4.答案:Does;rain;does。句子是一般现在时,主语“it”是第三人称单数,变一般疑问句要借助助动词“Does”,动词“rains”还原为“rain”;肯定回答用“Yes, it does.”
一般过去时中be动词的用法高频易错点04
注意:there is/are句型的一般过去时为there was/were。
肯定句:主语 +be动词(was/were)+其它....
否定句:主语 + be动词的过去式(was/were) + not...
一般疑问句:be动词的过去式(Was/Were) + 主语...?
特殊疑问句:疑问代词/疑问副词 + was/were + 主语...?
易错点提示
我用was,你用were, was连着他,她,它。
单数名词用was,复数名词全用were。
变否定,很容易,be后not莫忘记。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
特殊情况要记住,I was 变 were you。
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
小练笔
单项选择和用be动词的正确形式填空
( ) 1. The two students ______ in the same class last year.
A.are B. was C. were
( )2. They ______ not late the day before yesterday.
A. did B. were C. are
( ) 3. ______ they away from school last October?
A. Did B. Were C. are
4. My parents ______ (be)very busy yesterday.
5. I ______(be)an English teacher two years ago.
点
拨
1.答案:C,“last year”是过去时间,主语“two students”是复数,be动词过去式用“were”。
2.答案:B。“the day before yesterday”是过去时间,“late”是形容词,和be动词搭配,主语“they”是复数,be动词过去式用“were”。
3.答案:B。“last October”是过去时间,主语“they”是复数,be动词过去式用“Were” 。
4.答案:were。“yesterday”是过去时间,主语“parents”是复数,be动词过去式用“were” 。
5.答案:was。“two years ago”是过去时间,主语“I”对应的be动词过去式是“was” 。
系动词的用法高频易错点05
在英语中,系动词(Linking Verbs)用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常见的系动词可分为以下几类:
1. 状态系动词
最核心的是 be动词(am, is, are, was, were, been, being),表示主语的状态或存在:
He is a teacher.(他是一名教师。)
2. 感官系动词
表示感官感受,常见的有:
look(看起来):She looks tired.(她看起来很累。)
sound(听起来):The music sounds nice.(这音乐听起来不错。)
smell(闻起来):The flowers smell sweet.(这些花闻起来很香。)
taste(尝起来):The soup tastes delicious.(这汤尝起来很美味。)
feel(摸起来/感觉):The fabric feels soft.(这布料摸起来很软。)
3. 变化系动词
表示主语状态的变化,常见的有:
become(变成):He became a doctor.(他成了一名医生。)
get(变得):It's getting cold.(天气变冷了。)
turn(转变为):The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(秋天树叶变黄。)
grow(逐渐变得):She is growing taller.(她渐渐长高了。)
go(变得,多接负面变化):The milk went bad.(牛奶变质了。)
4. 持续系动词
表示主语持续的状态,如:
remain(保持):He remained silent.(他保持沉默。)
stay(维持):The weather stayed fine.(天气一直很好。)
keep(保持):Keep calm!(保持冷静!)
易错点提示
普通的动词一般是由“副词”来修饰;
The lion cried sadly. 狮子伤心地哭。
The boy played football happily with his friends. 男孩开心地和他的朋友们踢足球。
但是“系动词”后面一般接“形容词”,而不是副词
Sam looked sad, because he lost his kites.
Sam看上去很伤心,因为他丢失了他的风筝。
The weather became windy.
天气变得多风了。
小练笔
单项选择
( )1. The cake ______ delicious. I can't wait to eat it.
A. looks B. sounds C. smells D. tastes
( )2. The sweater ______ softe.
A. keeps B. feels C. becomes D. gets
( )3. In winter, the days ______ shorter and shorter.
A. are B. sound C. turn D. get
( )4. The music ______ beautiful.
A. feels B. looks C. smells D. sounds
( )5. She ______ sad, because she lost her kites.
A.looks B. becomes C. gets D. turns
点
拨
1.答案:C, 根据“I can't wait to eat it”说明还没吃到蛋糕,“smells”(闻起来 )符合没吃但能通过气味判断美味的语境。
2.答案:B,主语“The sweater”应该是摸起来很柔软,所以只要feels符合
3.答案:D,“In winter”(在冬天 ),白天是逐渐变得越来越短,“get + 形容词”常表逐渐变化的过程,“get shorter and shorter”(变得越来越短 )符合
4.答案:D,“music”是通过听觉感受,“sounds”(听起来 )用于描述音乐听起来美妙。
5.答案:A,“sad”(难过的 )是人的外在状态呈现,“looks”(看起来 )用于描述她看起来难过,用“looks”合适。
综合训练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Liu Tao and I ______ (go) to the park by bike yesterday.
2. We ______ (have) a big lunch with our family last Christmas.
3. He ______ (read) book before dinner this morning.
4. My cousin ______ (bring) us some photos last week.
5. They ______ (fly) kites with their friends last spring.
6. She ______ (see) a strange man last night.
7. He ______ (take) me to the cinema a moment ago.
8. It ______ (become) windy and cloudy just now.
二、单项选择
( ) 1. It ______ all day. We couldn’t play football in the park.
A. rain B. rainy C. rained
( ) 2. I don’t like winter because the weather is ______.
A. hot and sunny B. cool and cloudy C. cold and windy
( ) 3. Miss Sun ______ some fruit for the breakfast this morning.
A. bring B. bringing C. brought
( ) 4. — What ______ was it yesterday? — It was the second of July.
A. date B. time C. day
( ) 5. There ______ some honey on the bread.
A. were B. was C. are
( ) 6. The girl ______ a nice dress is my sister.
A. in B. with C. on
( ) 7. Mike is sick. His mother looked ______ him.
A. for B. at C. after
( ) 8. — ______ — I lost my pen.
A. What happened? B. Where are you? C. Why do you have it?
( ) 9. I don’t like ______ days.
A. rains B. rainy C. rain
( ) 10. We ______ to the supermarket yesterday.
A. go B. goes C. went
三、根据中文意思将句子补充完整
1. 后来,天气变得风雨交加。
Then, the weather ______ windy and ______.
2.星期天一整天都是晴朗的。
It ______ ______ ______ ______ last Sunday.
3.雨走吧,改天再来。
Rain, rain ______ ______, ______ again ______ day.
4.你把风筝放得高,然后发生什么了?
You ______ the kite ______. ______ ______ ______?
5.天气变得下雨了,还好我带雨衣了。
It ______ ______, but I ______ a raincoat.
6.上个星期我们没有骑车去公园。
We ______ ______ ______ the ______ by bike last week.
7.昨天他们没能吃午饭。
They ______ not ______ ______ yesterday.
8.我们今天早上在公园里看了一场鹦鹉秀。
We ______ a parrot ______ in the park this morning.
四、按要求写句子
1. We could open the door. (改为否定句)
______ ______ open the door.
2.Ben showed us some stamps. (改为同义句)
Ben showed ______ ______ ______ ______.
3.There were some cakes on the desk just now. (改为否定句)
There ______ ______ cakes on the desk just now.
4.It is cloudy today. (对划线部分提问)
______ the ______ ______ today?
5.It was rainy yesterday.(改为同义句)
It ______ yesterday.
6.The little boy did his homework at school yesterday. (改为否定句)
The little boy ______ ______ his ______ at school yesterday.
7. There is a parrot show in the park now. (用two days ago 改写句子)
______ ______ a parrot show in the park two days ago.
8. The children go to the park by bike. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the children ______ to the park?
五、根据课文内容,将短文补充完整
The children went to the park on S______, 20th September. They saw an i______ parrot s______. It b______ w______ and c______, they flew kites. They b______ some d______, some b______ and h______ and some d______ for lunch, but they saw some a______ on the f______, they could not eat l______. In the afternoon, there were black c______ in the sky, it r______. They were h______ and w______. What a day!
参考答案
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. went 2. had 3. read 4. brought 5. flew 6. saw 7. took 8. became
1. went:句中“yesterday”(昨天)是一般过去时标志,“go”的过去式为“went”。
2. had:“last Christmas”(去年圣诞节)表示过去,“have”的过去式为“had”。
3. read:“this morning”(今天早上,已过去)表示过去,“read”的过去式仍为“read”(发音不同)。
4. brought:“last week”(上周)是过去时标志,“bring”的过去式为“brought”(不规则变化)。
5. flew:“last spring”(去年春天)表示过去,“fly”的过去式为“flew”。
6. saw:“last night”(昨晚)是过去时标志,“see”的过去式为“saw”。
7. took:“a moment ago”(刚才)表示过去,“take”的过去式为“took”。
8. became:“just now”(刚才)表示过去,“become”的过去式为“became”。
二、单项选择
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C
1. C(rained):句中“couldn’t”表明是过去时,“rain”的过去式为“rained”,表示“下了一整天雨”。
2. C(cold and windy):冬天的天气特征是“寒冷多风”,符合常识。
3. C(brought):“this morning”(今天早上,已过去)表示过去,“bring”的过去式为“brought”。
4. A(date):答句“7月2日”是日期,用“what date”提问。
5. B(was):“honey”(蜂蜜)是不可数名词,there be句型过去时用“was”。
6. A(in):“in + 衣物”表示“穿着……”,句意为“穿漂亮裙子的女孩是我妹妹”。
7. C(after):“look after”是固定短语,意为“照顾”,符合“妈妈照顾生病的Mike”语境。
8. A(What happened?):答句“我丢了钢笔”是发生的事情,用“What happened?”提问。
9. B(rainy):“days”前需用形容词修饰,“rainy”(多雨的)符合“不喜欢雨天”的语境。
10. C(went):“yesterday”(昨天)是过去时标志,“go”的过去式为“went”。
三、根据中文意思将句子补充完整
1. became;rainy 2. was sunny all day 3. go away;come;another
4. flew;high;What happened then 5. became rainy;brought
6. didn't go to;park 7. could;have lunch 8. watched;show
1. “变得风雨交加”中,“变得”用“became”(过去式),“多雨的”用“rainy”。
2. “一整天都是晴朗的”译为“was sunny all day”,“sunny”是形容词,用“be + 形容词”结构。
3. “雨走吧,改天再来”是固定表达“Rain, rain go away, come again another day”。
4. “放风筝放得高”用“flew the kite high”(过去式),“发生什么了”用“What happened then”。
5. “变得下雨了”用“became rainy”,“带雨衣”用“brought a raincoat”(过去式)。
6. “没有骑车去公园”是过去时否定句,“didn’t go to the park”。
7. “没能吃午饭”用“could not have lunch”,“could”是“can”的过去式。
8. “看鹦鹉秀”用“watched a parrot show”(过去式)。
四、按要求写句子
1. We couldn't 2. some stamps to us 3. weren't any 4. What's;weather like
5. rained 6. didn't do;homework 7. There was 8. How do;go
1. 含情态动词“could”的否定句直接加“not”,缩写为“couldn’t”,即“We couldn’t open the door”。
2. “show sb. sth.”同义于“show sth. to sb.”,故改为“Ben showed some stamps to us”。
3. there be句型过去时的否定句,“were”变“weren’t”,“some”变“any”,即“There weren’t any cakes...”。
4. 对天气提问用固定句型“What’s the weather like today?”。
5. “was rainy”(多雨的)同义于“rained”(下雨,动词过去式)。
6. 含行为动词的过去时否定句加“didn’t”,动词还原,即“The little boy didn’t do his homework...”。
7. “two days ago”(两天前)表明用过去时,“there is”变“there was”。
8. 对“by bike”(方式)提问用“how”,一般现在时加助动词“do”,即“How do the children go to the park?”。
五、根据课文内容补全短文
结合Unit 2课文语境,描述过去一天的经历:
时间是“Saturday”(周六);
看到“interesting parrot show”(有趣的鹦鹉秀);
天气“became windy and cloudy”(变得有风多云);
带了“drinks, bread, honey, dumplings”(饮料、面包、蜂蜜、饺子);
遇到“ants on the food”(食物上的蚂蚁);
下午“rained”(下雨),变得“hungry and wet”(又饿又湿)。
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