必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 反意疑问句-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】高中英语高一上学期（人教版2019）

单元核心语法·精练 必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness （反意疑问句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、反意疑问句的构成形式 用法介绍 反意疑问句由 “陈述句 + 简短疑问句” 构成，用于询问对方对陈述句内容的看法或确认事实，前后两部分在人称、时态上保持一致，遵循 “前肯后否、前否后肯” 的原则。 类型 简短疑问句结构 示例 肯定陈述句 否定式（be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + not + 主语） He is a student, isn't he?（他是学生，不是吗？） She likes music, doesn't she?（她喜欢音乐，不是吗？） 否定陈述句 肯定式（be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语） They aren't here, are they?（他们不在这儿，对吗？） He can't swim, can he?（他不会游泳，对吗？） 注意事项 1. 人称和时态一致：简短疑问句的主语需与陈述句主语一致（可用代词替代），时态需匹配（如陈述句用一般过去时，疑问句用 did/didn't）。 2. 否定词的判定：陈述句含 never, seldom, hardly, few, little 等否定意义的词时，视为否定句，简短疑问句用肯定式（如 He has few friends, does he?）。 3. 祈使句的特殊形式：Let's 开头的祈使句，简短疑问句用 “shall we”；Let us 开头的用 “will you”（如 Let's go, shall we? / Let us go, will you?）。 二、反意疑问句的回答及特殊情况 用法介绍 反意疑问句的回答需根据事实作答，肯定回答用 “Yes + 肯定结构”，否定回答用 “No + 否定结构”；当陈述句为否定形式时，回答的翻译需注意逻辑转换。此外，部分特殊主语或句式的反意疑问句有特殊规则。 场景 / 情况 示例及说明 肯定回答（事实为肯定） —He is here, isn't he? —Yes, he is.（— 他在这儿，对吗？— 是的，他在。） 否定回答（事实为否定） —She came, didn't she? —No, she didn't.（— 她来了，对吗？— 不，她没来。） 前否后肯的回答翻译 —He isn't tall, is he? —Yes, he is.（— 他不高，对吗？— 不，他很高。）（Yes 译为 “不”） 主语为不定代词 Everyone likes her, don't they?（不定代词指人时，疑问句主语用 they） Everything is OK, isn't it?（不定代词指物时，疑问句主语用 it） 含否定前缀的词 He is unhappy, isn't he?（含 un - 等否定前缀的词视为肯定句，疑问句用否定式） 主从复合句（主句为第一人称 I think 等） I think he is right, isn't he?（反问从句，而非主句） 注意事项 1. 回答的逻辑性：无论陈述句是肯定还是否定，回答始终依据事实（事实是肯定就用 Yes，否定就用 No），避免受中文翻译影响（如不要因陈述句是否定而用 Yes 翻译为 “不”）。 2. 特殊主语的代词选择：当陈述句主语为 someone, anyone 等不定代词时，疑问句主语用 they（表人）或 it（表物），不可直接用不定代词（如错误：Everyone is here, isn't everyone? 正确：Everyone is here, aren't they?）。 3. 主从复合句的反问对象：当主句为 “I think/believe/suppose” 等且主语为第一人称时，反意疑问句需反问从句（因主句主语是说话人，真正的内容在从句）；其他情况反问主句（如 She thinks he is right, doesn't she?）。 一、单句语法填空 1. （23-24高一上·重庆永川·期中）Few people in America knew the poor village, they? (变成反意疑问句) 【答案】did 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：在美国很少有人知道这个贫穷的村庄，是吗？反意疑问句的构成是：前肯后否，前否后肯；如果句子中有半否定词few，little，seldom，hardly和全否定词nothing，never等时，反问部分为肯定；该句属于前否后肯，时态是一般过去时，助动词用did，故答案为：did。 2. （23-24高一上·宁夏固原·期中）Let’s go and listen to music, .  (附加疑问句) 【答案】shall we? 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：让我们去听音乐，好吗？祈使句为Let’s+动词原形时，反意疑问句用shall we。故填shall we。 3. （22-23高一上·山西大同·期中）That sounds interesting, it? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】doesn’t 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：听起来很有趣，不是吗？反意疑问句主要形式之一：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式。根据空前的sounds可知，疑问部分用一般现在时，且用否定形式，且结合空后的it可知，助动词用doesn’t。故填doesn’t。 4. （23-24高一上·福建漳州·期中）You forgot to book a room in advance, you? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】didn't 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：你忘记提前预定房间了，是吗？分析句子 ，设空处与you构成反意疑问句的结构，根据前文的forgot可知，句子为一般过去时，同时反意疑问句符合“前肯后否”的原则。故填didn't。 5. （23-24高一上·广东茂名·期中）I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days, ? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 can you 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：我不指望你能在三天内完成这项工作，是吗？此处反意疑问句的陈述部分为I expect + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致，且此处为宾语从句的否定转移，从句为否定，反意疑问句应用肯定，用can you。故填can you。 6. （23-24高一上·吉林·期中）Let’s look at these views in more detail, we? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】shall 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：让我们更详细地看一下这些观点，好吗？分析句子结构，Let’s用于表示征求对方的意见时，附加部分应使用shall we，故填shall。 7. （22-23高一上·吉林长春·期中）Have a little more coffee, you? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】will/won’t 【详解】考查祈使句的反义疑问句。句意：请再喝点咖啡，好吗？祈使句表示邀请时，反意疑问句可以用won’t you，也可以用will you。故填will/won’t。 8. （21-22高一上·福建福州·期中）What a simple question! Everyone knows the answer, they?（用适当的词填空） 【答案】don't 【详解】考查倒装。句意：多么简单的问题啊!每个人都知道答案，不是吗?陈述句部分主语是不定代词everyone, nobody, somebody, someone时，当强调全体时，后反意部分主语用they。陈述部分是肯定，所以反意疑问句为否定形式。根据主句时态可知，用一般现在时。故填don't。 9. （20-21高一上·山东济宁·期中）A: It’s not going to rain, is it? B: , . It’s a good day for an outing.（用适当的单词填空） 【答案】 No it isn’t. 【详解】考查反义疑问句的回答。句意：——不会下雨，是吗？——是，不会下，今天是郊游的好天气。本题考查反义疑问句的回答，根据“It’s a good day for an outing.”（今天是郊游的好天气）可知，第二人认为不会下雨，所以是对第一人的否定回答（no+否定结构），本句中由于陈述部分是否定句，此时的no译成“是”，故填No，it isn’t。 10．（20-21高一上·浙江·期中）Let’s have a break, ?（反意疑问句）（根据中文提示完成句子） 【答案】shall we? 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：我们休息一下，好吗？在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分为Let's…时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。故填shall we? 二、单项选择 1. （24-25高一上·广东江门·期中）He has never been to Beijing, ______ ? A．has he B．hasn’t he C．does he D．doesn’t he 【答案】A 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他从未去过北京，是吗？根据题干可知，陈述部分的He has never been to Beijing为现在完成时态，且never表示否定含义，因此疑问部分应用肯定形式has he。故选A。 2. （24-25高一上·广东江门·期中）She can swim very well, ______? A．can she B．can’t she C．does she D．doesn’t she 【答案】B 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：她游泳游得很好，不是吗？空格处是反义疑问句，遵循前肯后否，前否后肯的原则，由She can可知，空格处是can’t she。故选B。 3. （24-25高一上·重庆·期中）I don’t have to do all the things for you, ________? A．have I B．have you C．do I D．do you 【答案】C 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：我不必为你做所有的事，是吗？这是一个反意疑问句，前面是否定句 don't have to，所以后面用肯定形式，陈述句中的谓语是have to，所以反意疑问句用助动词do，主语是I，所以反意疑问句用 do I。故选C。 4. （24-25高一上·广东揭阳·期中）It is impossible for such a little boy, ________? A．is it B．isn’t it C．does he D．doesn’t he 【答案】B 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：对这样一个小男孩来说，这是不可能的，不是吗？反意疑问句遵循的是前肯后否，本句中的impossible只是一个前缀是否定的单词，所以前半句仍然是肯定句，后面用否定的形式，故选B。 5. （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）I don’t think they are right, ______? A．are they B．aren’t they C．do I D．don’t I 【答案】A 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：我认为他们不对，是吗？分析句子可知，反义疑问句要遵循前否后肯或前肯后否的原则，且陈述部分的系动词或助动词要与疑问部分的一致，当陈述部分是一个宾语从句时，疑问部分的助动词或系动词要与宾语部分的保持一致，且I don’t think 后宾语从句要注意否定转移，所以本句中宾语从句是否定句意，疑问部分应用肯定句意。故选A项。 6. （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）If he improved his IT skills, he’d easily get a job, ______? A．hadn’t he B．didn’t he C．couldn’t he D．wouldn’t he 【答案】D 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：如果他提高他的信息技术技能，他很容易找到工作，不是吗？if引导的虚拟条件句是一般过去时，表示与现在事实相反的情况，主句是“would+动词原形”，是肯定句，故疑问部分使用wouldn’t he。故选D。 7. （23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）Neither Lucy nor Lily took part in the sports meeting last year, ________? A．didn’t they B．did they C．haven’t they D．have they 【答案】B 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：露西和莉莉去年都没有参加运动会，是吗？反意疑问句遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”的原则，结合Neither...nor，可知反义疑问句用肯定形式，且结合took可知句子时态为一般过去时，反义疑问句使用助动词did。故选B项。 8. （23-24高一上·重庆·期中）Nothing he had done turned out to be useful, _______? A．hadn’t he B．had he C．did it D．didn’t it 【答案】C 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他所做的一切都毫无用处，是吗？本句为反意疑问词，满足“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，根据Nothing可知，前面为否定，后面用肯定，题干中主句谓语为turned out，表示一般过去时，反意疑问部分助动词用did，用it指代Nothing。故选C项。 9. （23-24高一上·陕西宝鸡·期中）A: Xia Lei likes soccer, ? B: . But she loves volleyball. She could be in the volleyball team. A．doesn’t she; Yes, she does B．does she; Yes, she does C．doesn’t she; No, she doesn’t D．does she; No, she doesn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查反义疑问句及回答。句意：——夏蕾喜欢足球，不是吗？——不，她不喜欢。但她喜欢排球。她可能在排球队。第一个空考查反义疑问句。 反义疑问句，即反义附加疑问句；附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。本句话的前半部分为肯定句，时态为一般现在时态，主语为第三人称单数，所以本句话的反义疑问句为doesn’t she；根据“But she loves volleyball.”可知，她不喜欢足球，而是喜欢排球，所以第二个空为反义疑问句的否定回答。故选C。 10. （22-23高一上·浙江杭州·期中）―Your uncle isn’t an engineer, is he? ― _______ A．Yes, he isn’t B．No, he isn’t C．No, he is D．He is 【答案】B 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：——你叔叔不是工程师，是吗？——是的，他不是。反意疑问句一定要用yes或no回答，且前后须一致，四个选择项中只有B选择项符合。故选B。 11. （22-23高一上·浙江杭州·期中）Let us pass ______? A．shan’t we B．shall we C．won’t we D．will you 【答案】D 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：你让我们及格，好吗？分析句子结构可知，本句是祈使句的反义疑问句，反义疑问部分为肯定形式，要用shall或者will，Let us表示第二人称的祈使句，反义疑问句为“will you?”。故选D项。 12. （22-23高一上·上海·期中）Mum is already up to her neck, so you should behave yourself now, ________? A．does she B．don’t you C．will she D．shouldn’t you 【答案】D 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：妈妈已经忙得不可开交了，所以你现在应该规矩一点，不是吗？分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查反义疑问句。陈述句是含有情态动词should的肯定句，反问时要用should的否定形式；陈述句主语是you，反问时还用you。故选D。 13. （22-23高一上·湖南长沙·开学考试）Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ________? A．hadn’t she B．wasn’t she C．didn’t she D．wouldn’t she 【答案】C 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：爱丽丝昨天过得很愉快，不是吗?分析句式结构可知，此处为反义疑问句，再根据上文had可知，时态为一般过去时，所以反义疑问句中应该用助动词did，再根据“前肯后否”的原则，所以反义疑问句中用didn’t+主语。故选C项。 14. （21-22高一上·湖南长沙·开学考试）When you’re finished with the book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ________? A．to do B．don’t you C．will you D．wouldn’t you 【答案】C 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：当你看完那本书，别忘了把它放回书架，好吗？反意疑问句中，经常采用前否后肯或者前肯后否，表示请求的祈使句，反义疑问句用will you，故选C。 15. （23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）Your mom had a long talk with you last night, _________ ? A．hadn’t she B．had she C．did she D．didn’t she 【答案】D 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：你妈妈昨晚和你谈了很久，是吗？分析句子结构可知，此处应为反义疑问句，陈述句中为一般过去时态的肯定形式，所以反义疑问句应使用否定形式，助动词为did，句子主语为your mum，应使用she代替，所以此处应为didn’t she。故选D项。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北石家庄·期中）The next time you catch finswimmer (蹼泳运动员) Lucas Chew competing, it is best not to look away. The finswimmer 1 the water and finished a 100m race in just 42.45 seconds at the 2022 SEA Games in Hanoi, Vietnam. Mr. Chew says he 2 swimming in the beginning. His parents forced him to swim to manage his asthma (哮喘). He was fast and enjoyed the 3 and the speed, but the training was 4 and he decided to give it up at the end of primary school. “My parents 5 it but they told me to choose a 6 of my choice in secondary school,” he says. “When the time came, I chose swimming again. Mainly, I had no 7 in other sports. This time, it was also different because it was my 8 .” However, it was only at university that Mr. Chew 9 finswimming. He entered a lifesaving course which had a class where swimmers put fins on while 10 people in the water or sea. Once he 11 it, he loved it. Wanting to take it to the next 12 , Mr. Chew tried out for and was accepted into the Singapore national finswimming team in July 2019. Mr. Chew says it is 13 to find something you are passionate (热爱的) about at a young age as it makes all the 14 . “There is a lot of character-building (性格塑造) in sports. I 15 my swimming background”. 1. A．looked for B．walked on C．cut through D．asked for 2. A．continued B．disliked C．stopped D．considered 3. A．excitement B．comfort C．peace D．challenge 4. A．unaffordable B．difficult C．necessary D．relaxing 5. A．talked about B．stuck to C．depended on D．agreed to 6. A．job B．gift C．sport D．project 7. A．interest B．luck C．problem D．role 8. A．purpose B．mistake C．choice D．dream 9. A．gave up B．chanced upon C．believed in D．put off 10. A．educating B．meeting C．encouraging D．saving 11. A．needed B．wanted C．lost D．tried 12. A．level B．step C．moment D．line 13. A．unusual B．easy C．important D．impossible 14. A．jokes B．decisions C．pain D．difference 15. A．forget B．thank C．share D．check 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蹼泳运动员Lucas Chew的成长经历、与游泳的渊源、如何接触到蹼泳以及他在蹼泳领域取得的成就。 1. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在2022年越南河内举行的东南亚运动会上，这位蹼泳运动员在水中劈波斩浪，仅以42.45秒的成绩完成了100米比赛。A. looked for寻找；B. walked on继续行走；C. cut through抄近路、穿透；D. asked for要求得到。根据下文“the water and finished a 100m race in just 42.45 seconds at the 2022 SEA Games in Hanoi, Vietnam.”可知，Lucas Chew速度很快，在水中劈波斩浪。故选C。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Chew先生说，他起初并不喜欢游泳。A. continued继续；B. disliked不喜欢；C. stopped停止；D. considered考虑。根据下文“His parents forced him to swim to manage his asthma (哮喘).”可知，最初他并不是自己想去游泳，是父母逼迫他去游泳的，所以他起初并不喜欢游泳。故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他游得很快，享受那种刺激和速度，但训练很艰苦，于是他在小学结束时决定放弃。A. excitement兴奋；B. comfort舒适；C. peace和平；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“He was fast”以及空后的“the speed”可推测，他游得很快，所以他享受快速游泳带来的刺激和速度。故选A。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他游得很快，享受那种刺激和速度，但训练很艰苦，于是他在小学结束时决定放弃。A. unaffordable负担不起的；B. difficult充满艰难困苦的；C. necessary必要的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据下文“he decided to give it up at the end of primary school”可判断，训练很辛苦，所以他决定放弃游泳。故选B。 5. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我父母同意我这么做，但他们告诉我，上了中学后要选一项自己喜欢的运动，”他说。A. talked about谈论；B. stuck to坚持；C. depended on依赖；D. agreed to同意。根据下文“but they told me to choose a  ____6____  of my choice in secondary school,”可知，他决定放弃游泳，他父母同意他的决定，但是要求他选择一项运动。故选D。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我父母同意我这么做，但他们告诉我，上了中学后要选一项自己喜欢的运动，”他说。A. job工作；B. gift礼物；C. sport运动；D. project项目。根据下文“When the time came, I chose swimming again.”可知，他的父母要求他选一项喜欢的运动。故选C。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“到了那时候，我又选择了游泳。主要是因为我对其他运动没有兴趣。而且这次也不一样了，因为这是我自己的选择。”A. interest兴趣；B. luck运气；C. problem问题；D. role角色。根据下文“This time, it was also different because it was my  ____8____  .”可知，这一次选择游泳是他自己的选择，由此可推测，他对其他运动没兴趣。故选A。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“到了那时候，我又选择了游泳。主要是因为我对其他运动没有兴趣。而且这次也不一样了，因为这是我自己的选择。”A. purpose目的；B. mistake错误；C. choice选择；D. dream梦想。根据上文“When the time came, I chose swimming again.”可知，这一次是Chew自己选择的游泳。故选C。 9. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，Chew先生直到上了大学才偶然接触到蹼泳。A. gave up放弃；B. chanced upon偶然发现；C. believed in信任；D. put off推迟。根据下文“He entered a lifesaving course which had a class where swimmers put fins on while ____10____ people in the water or sea.”可知，m他在大学才偶然接触到了蹼泳。故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他参加了一个救生课程，其中有一节课，游泳者在水中或海里救人时戴上脚蹼。A. educating教育；B. meeting遇见；C. encouraging鼓励；D. saving拯救、节省。根据上文“He entered a lifesaving course”可知，这个课程是一个救生课程，由此可知，空处指的是游泳者在水中或海里救人时穿上脚蹼。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一试就爱上了这项运动。A. needed需要；B. wanted想要；C. lost失去；D. tried尝试。根据上文“He entered a lifesaving course which had a class where swimmers put fins on while ____10____ people in the water or sea.”可知，他参加了一个救生课程，由此可知，他在课堂上尝试蹼泳之后就爱上了这项运动。故选D。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让自己的蹼泳水平更上一层楼，Chew先生在2019年7月参加了新加坡国家蹼泳队的选拔，并成功入选。A. level水平；B. step步骤；C. moment时刻；D. line线。根据下文“Mr. Chew tried out for and was accepted into the Singapore national finswimming team in July 2019.”可知，他是为了让自己的蹼泳水平更上一层楼才参加了新加坡国家蹼泳队的选拔。故选A。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Chew先生说，年轻时找到自己热爱的事情很重要，因为这会产生巨大的影响。A. unusual不寻常的；B. easy简单的、容易的；C. important重要的；D. impossible不可能的。根据下文“as it makes all the ____14____”可知，他认为年轻时找到自己热爱的事情很重要。故选C。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chew先生说，年轻时找到自己热爱的事情很重要，因为这会产生巨大的影响。A. jokes玩笑；B. decisions决定；C. pain痛苦；D. difference差异。根据句意以及本文可知，Chew先生认为一个人年轻时找到自己所热爱的事情会对自己的人生产生影响。故选D。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“运动能塑造一个人的性格。我感谢我的游泳背景。”A. forget忘记；B. thank感谢；C. share分享；D. check检查。根据上文“There is a lot of character-building (性格塑造) in sports”可知，作者认为通过运动可以塑造一个人的性格，因此他很感激自己曾经学习游泳。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南郑州·期中）Four years ago, the closest I got to nature was the view of the garden from my living room window. But all that 1 when I came across hiking, quite by accident. It started with a 2 from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out. Nervous, but 3 , I agreed. The first hike was hard. I was 4 and my muscles ached, but as I reached the path’s end, something within me changed. The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely 5 . So I 6 to hike more, and in doing so, I noticed some changes. My body grew stronger, my physical 7 improved, and those once-hard hikes became easier. And my mind grew more 8 . The stress of city life 9 with each step. The rush of hiking became my new 10 . I also discovered a community of hikers. Each hike was a 11 to meet new people, share stories and form friendships. These weren’t just people to hike with, but they were fellow 12 sharing the journey of life. As my connection with nature deepened, so did my love for the environment. I found myself 13 cnvironmental protection efforts, understanding that protecting these beautiful paths was a 14 . So now, as I get ready for another hike, I look 15 for the journey ahead and all it will offer. 1. A．remained B．changed C．stopped D．suffered 2. A．wisdom B．reply C．promise D．challenge 3. A．curious B．certain C．anxious D．awkward 4. A．full of power B．short of rest C．out of breath D．wild with joy 5. A．annoying B．amazing C．shocking D．confusing 6. A．decided B．afforded C．refused D．pretended 7. A．appearance B．examination C．education D．strength 8. A．focused B．active C．relaxed D．confident 9. A．advanced B．disappeared C．concentrated D．survived 10. A．addiction B．topic C．trap D．schedule 11. A．race B．strategy C．chance D．debate 12. A．workers B．students C．passengers D．adventurers 13. A．taking part in B．taking control of C．making sense of D．making use of 14. A．goal B．rescue C．responsibility D．solution 15. A．nervously B．excitedly C．silently D．hurriedly 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的徒步经历和感受。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我偶然接触到徒步旅行时，一切都改变了。A. remained仍需去做（或处理）；B. changed改变；C. stopped停止；D. suffered遭受。根据下文“something within me changed”可知，接触徒步旅行改变了作者。故选B项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它始于一个朋友的挑战——参加一个徒步旅行团外出一天。A. wisdom智慧；B. reply回复； C. promise承诺；D. challenge挑战。根据上文作者很少外出参加运动以及根据下文“from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out.”可知，徒步旅行始于一个朋友的挑战。故选D项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既紧张又好奇，于是同意了。A. curious好奇的；B. certain确定的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“I agreed”可知，作者很好奇，所以同意了。故选A项。 4. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：我上气不接下气，肌肉酸痛，但当我走到路的尽头时，我的内心发生了变化。A. full of power充满力量；B. short of rest缺乏休息；C. out of breath气喘吁吁；D. wild with joy欣喜若狂。根据上文可知，作者第一次徒步以及下文“my muscles ached”可知，作者的状态是上气不接下气。故选C项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美丽的自然景色，那种成就感——真是太棒了。A. annoying烦人；B. amazing令人惊叹的，棒棒的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement”可知，作者感觉太棒了，这是以前从未有过的体验。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定多徒步旅行，在这样做的过程中，我注意到了一些变化。A. decided决定；B. afforded支付得起；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据上文“The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely  ___5___”可知，徒步感觉很好，所以作者决定多徒步旅行。故选A项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身体变得更强壮了，身体力量提高了，那些曾经艰难的徒步旅行变得容易了。A.appearance外表；B.examination考试；C.education教育；D. strength力量。根据上文“My body grew stronger”可知，身体力量提高了。故选D项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的思想变得更加放松。A. focused专注的；B. active积极的；C. relaxed放松的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“The stress of city life  ___9___  with each step.”可知，作者的思想变得更加放松。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每走一步，城市生活的压力就会消失。A. advanced（使）前进；B. disappeared消失； C. concentrated集中；D. survived幸存。根据上文“And my mind grew more  ___8___ .”可知，每走一步，城市生活的压力就会消失。故选B项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：远足的热潮成了我的新嗜好。A. addiction上瘾，嗜好；B. topic主题；C. trap陷阱；D. schedule日程安排。根据上文“So I  ___6___  to hike more”可知，远足的热潮成了作者的新嗜好。故选A项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次徒步旅行都是一个认识新朋友、分享故事和建立友谊的机会。 A. race 竞赛；B. strategy策略；C. chance机会；D. debate辩论。根据下文“meet new people, share stories and form friendships”以及常识可知，徒步带来了机会。故选C项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人不仅仅是徒步旅行的伙伴，而是分享生命旅程的冒险家。A. workers工人；B. students学生；C. passengers乘客；D. adventurers冒险者。爱徒步的人喜欢冒险，所以他们都是冒险家。故选D项。 13. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我自己参与了环境保护工作，明白保护这些美丽的小路是一种责任。A. taking part in参加；B. taking control of控制；C. making sense of理解；D. making use of利用。根据上文“so did my love for the environment”可知，作者参与了环境保护工作。故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己参与了环境保护工作，明白保护这些美丽的小路是一种责任。A. goal目标；B. rescue救援；C. responsibility责任；D. solution解决措施。根据常识可知，保护自然是一种责任。故选C项。 15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我准备又一次远足时，我满怀激动地期待着前方的旅程以及它将带来的一切。A. nervously紧张地；B. excitedly 兴奋地,激动地；C.  silently沉默地；D. hurriedly仓促地。根据上文“The rush of hiking became my new  ___10___ .”可知，作者喜欢上了徒步，所以准备又一次远足时，作者满怀激动地期待着前方的旅程以及它将带来的一切。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东·期中）Three years ago I was at a really bad point in life and hid out in my apartment. My roommate would often invite me to do things, but I always 1 . I felt like my weight, about 480 pounds, stopped me from enjoying many 2 . Then he sat me down for a(n) 3 . He told me that I might be going to 4 if I didn’t make a change in my life, and the 5 person that could make that change was myself. He got a gym membership (会员资格) and wanted to take me. I hesitated (犹豫) at first. I was 6 that people would laugh at me. I told him I had always 7 to lose my weight. I had tried to lose some pounds but it never worked. Still, he did not 8 . Kicking and screaming for a week, I was pulled to the gym. I couldn’t really do anything 9 my overweight, but he was really good at 10 me and would work out at my pace (节奏). After a week of having my roommate 11 me, I decided to go there alone. I bought a gym membership and started working out 12 . He was happy with my 13 and kept pushing me. I kept going to the gym no matter how 14 I was. Over three years, with the 15 of my friend, I lost 240 pounds. 1. A．complained B．refused C．volunteered D．revised 2. A．courses B．competitions C．lectures D．activities 3. A．conversation B．introduction C．adventure D．celebration 4. A．escape B．crash C．die D．survive 5. A．only B．other C．same D．next 6. A．sure B．worried C．curious D．annoyed 7. A．failed B．continued C．pretended D．applied 8. A．show up B．hold on C．give up D．catch on 9. A．but for B．instead of C．except for D．because of 10. A．freeing B．comforting C．checking D．tracking 11. A．reminding B．attracting C．improving D．accompanying 12. A．regularly B．officially C．obviously D．fluently 13. A．luck B．chance C．talent D．change 14. A．amazed B．tired C．bored D．addicted 15. A．promise B．request C．support D．donation 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者由于太重而不愿参加活动，在室友的鼓励和支持下成功减肥的故事。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友经常邀请我做一些事情，但我总是拒绝。A. complained抱怨；B. refused拒绝；C. volunteered志愿；D. revised修订。根据转折词“but”和下文“I felt like my weight, about 480 pounds, stopped me…”可知，由于体重过重，作者拒绝室友的邀请，故选B。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我的体重，大约480磅，让我无法享受很多活动。A. courses课程；B. competitions比赛；C. lectures讲座；D. activities活动。根据上文“invite me to do things”和语境可知，室友经常邀请作者做一些事情，作者认为自己太胖无法享受很多活动的乐趣，故选D。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他让我坐下来聊了一会儿。A. conversation谈话；B. introduction介绍；C. adventure冒险；D. celebration庆祝活动。根据下文“He told me…”可知，室友要和作者谈谈，故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，如果我不做出改变，我可能会死，而唯一能做出改变的人就是我自己。A. escape逃跑；B. crash碰撞；C. die死；D. survive存活。根据“if I didn’t make a change in my life”可知，作者太胖，故如果不做出改变就会死掉，其他选项不符合语境，故选C。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. only唯一的；B. other其他的；C. same相同的；D. next下一个的。根据语境以及“that could make that change was myself”可知，作者太胖，唯一能做出改变的人就是作者自己，故选A。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心人们会嘲笑我。A. sure确信的；B. worried担心的；C. curious好奇的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据“people would laugh at me”可知，作者担心别人嘲笑自己，故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我总是减肥失败。A. failed失败；B. continued继续；C. pretended假装；D. applied运用，申请。根据“I had tried to lose some pounds but it never worked.(我曾试图减肥，但从未奏效)”可知，作者总是减肥失败，故选A。 8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管如此，他并没有放弃。A. show up出现；B. hold on继续，坚持；C. give up放弃；D. catch on理解，受欢迎。根据下文“I was pulled to the gym”和“he was really good at ___10___ me and would work out at my pace (节奏)”可知，他不放弃劝说作者做出改变，故选C。 9. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：因为我超重，我什么都做不了，但他真的很擅长安慰我，并会按照我的速度锻炼。A. but for要不是；B. instead of反而；C. except for除了；D. because of由于，因为。根据语境和上文“I felt like my weight, about 480 pounds, stopped me from enjoying many ___2___ .”可知，作者认为由于体重，自己什么都做不了，故选D。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. freeing释放；B. comforting安慰；C. checking检查；D. tracking追踪。上文提到作者总是觉得自己太胖而什么也做不了，结合下文“would work out at my pace (节奏)”可知，室友安慰作者并按照作者的速度锻炼，故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友陪了我一个星期后，我决定独自去那里。A. reminding提醒；B. attracting吸引；C. improving提高，改善；D. accompanying陪伴。根据上文“He got a gym membership (会员资格) and wanted to take me.(他办了个健身房会员，想带我去)”以及“he was really good at ___10___ me and would work out at my pace (节奏)”可知，之前是室友和作者一起去健身房锻炼，故选D。 12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我买了一张健身房会员卡，开始定期锻炼。A. regularly定期，经常；B. officially官方地；C. obviously明显地；D. fluently流利地。根据“I bought a gym membership”可知，作者办健身卡应是要定期锻炼，故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的改变很满意，一直在推动我。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. talent才能；D. change变化，改变。根据上文“started working out”可知，作者开始主动锻炼，室友对作者的变化很满意，故选D。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管我有多累，我都坚持去健身房。A. amazed惊讶的；B. tired累的；C. bored无聊的；D. addicted上瘾的。根据“I kept going to the gym”可知，此处指无论多累也坚持去健身房，故选B。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：三年多来，在朋友的支持下，我减掉了240磅。A. promise承诺；B. request要求；C. support支持；D. donation捐赠。结合上文内容可知，室友一直鼓励并陪伴作者锻炼减肥，故此处指“在朋友的支持下”，故选C。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·福建福州·期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are 1 (master) in their sports and also set a good example for us. Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country by 2 (lead) her volleyball team to 3 (medal) at world championships and the Olympics. Once, Lang Ping’s 4 (determine) was tested because the team she had built was falling 5 . Not only did the captain leave the team for heart problems but also one of the best players 6 (injure). But Lang Ping didn’t lose heart. At last, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to the Olympic gold. Michael Jordan, known 7 “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were 8 (impress), but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his 9 (failure). Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give 10 . 【答案】 1. masters 2. leading 3. medals 4. determination 5. apart 6. was injured 7. as 8. impressive 9. failures 10. up 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍两位体育界的传奇人物——郎平和迈克尔·乔丹，来阐述他们各自在体育领域的卓越成就以及他们所展现出的精神品质。 1. 考查名词。句意：郎平和迈克尔·乔丹是各自体育领域的佼佼者，也是我们学习的榜样。空处需填名词作表语，master是可数名词，结合“Lang Ping and Michael Jordan”可知，使用名词复数形式。故填masters。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：郎平通过带领她的排球队在世界锦标赛和奥运会上夺得奖牌，为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。介词by后面，需填动名词作宾语。故填leading。 3. 考查名词的数。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，medal是可数名词，结合下文“at world championships and the Olympics”可知，使用名词复数形式。故填medals。 4. 考查名词。句意：有一次，郎平的决心受到了考验，因为她一手打造的球队正在分崩离析。空处需填名词determination作主语，determination是不可数名词。故填determination。 5. 考查固定搭配。句意同上。fall apart是固定短语，意为“分崩离析”。故填apart。 6. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：不仅队长因心脏问题离开了球队，而且其中一名最优秀的球员也受伤了。空处作谓语，结合上文“did”可知，使用一般过去时，one of the best players和injure为被动关系，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was injured。 7. 考查介词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，被誉为“飞人乔丹”，他以其优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。be known as是固定短语，意为“被誉为，被称为”，此空填介词as。故填as。 8. 考查形容词。句意：乔丹的球技令人印象深刻，但他所展现出的精神力量更是让他独一无二。空处作表语，用形容词impressive。故填impressive。 9. 考查名词的数。句意：乔丹说，他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。空处作宾语，需填名词，结合限定词his可知，此处指乔丹从自己的失败学习，句中failure表“失败的事”，为可数名词，失败的事不止一件，需填名词复数形式。故填failures。 10. 考查固定搭配。句意：输掉的比赛教会了他要更加努力地训练，永不放弃。give up是固定短语，意为“放弃”。故填up。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东江门·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For fresh students entering Yunnan University this autumn term, failing to pass the physical fitness tests 1 (include) running, pull-up and jumping will mean no diploma (文凭). According to the new rule, 2 is known as the “strictest school rule on physical education 3 history”, PE classes must be offered to all students as compulsory (必修) 4 (course), and students need to complete a total of 200 class hours in PE if they want to graduate. This new 5 (require) is nothing new. In 2007, the Ministry of Education 6 (issue) a rule, which asked schools to include physical fitness as a key standard in assessing students’ performance, and those failing to get 50 points in the tests should not be allowed 7 (graduate). For college students, getting a diploma is only 8 small target. The PE tests are designed to help them develop a 9 (health) lifestyle which would bring 10 (they) lifelong benefits. 【答案】 1. including 2. which 3. in 4. courses 5. requirement 6. issued 7. to graduate 8. a 9. healthy 10. them 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是云南大学实施新的体育规定，要求新生必须通过包括跑步、引体向上和跳跃在内的体能测试，否则将无法获得毕业证书。 1. 考查介词。句意：对于今年秋季入学的云南大学新生来说，如果不通过跑步、引体向上和跳跃等体能测试，将无法获得毕业证书。句中谓语是will mean，空格处用非谓语动词，空格处用现在分词including，表主动，已转化为介词，意为“包括”。故填including。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：根据这项被称为“史上最严体育校规”的新规定，体育课程必须作为必修课面向所有学生开设，学生要想毕业，总共需要完成200学时的体育课程。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词rule是规则，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 3. 考查介词。句意：根据这项被称为“史上最严体育校规”的新规定，体育课程必须作为必修课面向所有学生开设，学生要想毕业，总共需要完成200学时的体育课程。in history意为“在历史上”，故填in。 4. 考查名词的复数。句意：根据这项被称为“史上最严体育校规”的新规定，体育课程必须作为必修课面向所有学生开设，学生要想毕业，总共需要完成200学时的体育课程。course是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数作宾语，故填courses。 5. 考查名词。句意：这个新要求并不新鲜。new是形容词，修饰名词，require的名词是requirement，意为“要求”，由This new可知，空格处用单数，作主语，故填requirement。 6. 考查时态。句意：2007年，教育部发布了一项规定，要求学校将身体健康作为评估学生表现的一项关键标准，测试成绩低于50分的学生不应被允许毕业。由In 2007可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填issued。 7. 考查不定式。句意：2007年，教育部发布了一项规定，要求学校将身体健康作为评估学生表现的一项关键标准，测试成绩低于50分的学生不应被允许毕业。sb. be allowed to do sth.是固定句式，意为“某人被允许做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to graduate，故填to graduate。 8. 考查冠词。句意：对于大学生来说，获得文凭只是一个很小的目标。target是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，small是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 9. 考查形容词。句意：体育测试的目的是帮助他们养成健康的生活方式，这将给他们带来终身的好处。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词lifestyle，health的形容词是healthy，意为“健康的”，故填healthy。 10. 考查代词。句意：体育测试的目的是帮助他们养成健康的生活方式，这将给他们带来终身的好处。空格处用代词的宾格them作宾语，故填them。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建三明·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Lang Ping 1 (bring) honour and glory to her country as a player, and led the China women’s volleyball team to 2 (medal) at world championships and the Olympics as a coach. And she is loved by fans at home and abroad as a person. In 2015, Chinese team was falling apart. One of 3 best players had been injured, 4 the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. However, she didn’t lose heart. She faced difficulties 5 (brave) and the team won the world championship finally. In 2016, Lang Ping helped the team win the Olympic gold in Brazil. Michael Jordan, 6 (know) as “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but his mental 7 (strong) made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, he always seemed 8 (find) a way to win. He thought the secret to his success was learning from his failures. He said that he could accept failure but couldn’t accept not trying. He shared his success 9 others in life. He started the Boys and Girls Club 10 has been helping young people since 1996. 【答案】 1. brought 2. medals 3. the 4. and 5. bravely 6. known 7. strength 8. to find 9. with 10. which/that 【导语】这是一篇说明文。郎平作为运动员和教练为国家赢得荣誉，带领中国女排在困境中夺冠；乔丹以球技和精神力量改变篮球，还创办俱乐部帮助年轻人。 1. 考查时态。句意：郎平作为运动员时为祖国赢得了荣誉和荣耀，而作为教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上斩获了奖牌。根据后文and led可知为一般过去时。故填brought。 2. 考查名词的数。句意：郎平作为运动员时为祖国赢得了荣誉和荣耀，而作为教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上斩获了奖牌。此处为宾语，用名词，数量大于一用复数形式。故填medals。 3. 考查冠词。句意：队中一位顶尖球员受伤了，而队里队长也因心脏问题不得不离开球队。最高级best前与定冠词the搭配。故填the。 4. 考查连词。句意：队中一位顶尖球员受伤了，而队里队长也因心脏问题不得不离开球队。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 5. 考查副词。句意：她勇敢地面对困难，最终团队赢得了世界冠军。修饰动词face用副词bravely。故填bravely。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，人们称他为“飞人乔丹”，他凭借其优雅的动作和跳跃技惊四座，改变了篮球运动的风貌。短语be known as表示“被称为”，过去分词作定语。故填known。 7. 考查名词。句意：乔丹的球技令人赞叹，但他的心理素质使他独具一格。作主语，用名词strength。故填strength。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在比赛的最后几秒钟，他似乎总能找到获胜的办法。短语seem to do sth.表示“似乎……”。故填to find。 9. 考查介词。句意：他将自己的成功经验与他人分享。短语share…with表示“和……分享”。故填with。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：他创办了“男孩女孩俱乐部”，该俱乐部自 1996 年以来一直致力于帮助青少年。定语从句修饰先行词Boys and Girls Club，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·陕西宝鸡·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Here are two athletes 1 are masters in their sports and also set good examples to others. As a volleyball player, Lang Ping 2 (bring) honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China womenˈs volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. While preparing for the 2015 World Cup, one of her best 3 (player) had been injured, and the team captain had to leave. The team she had built was falling apart. 4 (face) such a big challenge, Lang Ping didnˈt lose heart. She believed that they could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. Michael Jordan, known 5 “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his 6 (grace) moves and jumps. His skills were impressive, but the mental 7 (strong) that he showed made him unique. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his 8 (failure). If he lost a game, he would practise 9 (hard) and never give up. Jordan also learnt 10 (share) his success with others. 【答案】 1. who/that 2. brought 3. players 4. Facing 5. as 6. graceful 7. strength 8. failures 9. harder 10. to share 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了郎平和迈克尔·乔丹这两位体坛传奇人物。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：这里有两位运动员，他们是自己运动领域的大师，也为其他人树立了好榜样。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词athletes，在从句作主语，指人，应用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 2. 考查时态。句意：作为一名排球运动员，郎平为祖国带来了荣誉和荣耀。空处作谓语，根据后文“she led the China women’s volleyball team”可知，为一般过去时。故填brought。 3. 考查名词的数。句意：在准备2015年世界杯时，她最好的一名球员受伤了，队长不得不离开。player为可数名词，此处为one of+可数名词复数。故填players。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：面对如此巨大的挑战，郎平并没有灰心。空处需填非谓语动词，face与逻辑主语Lang Ping构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Facing。 5. 考查介词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，被称为“飞人乔丹”，以他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。表示“被称为”短语为be known as，此处过去分词作状语。故填as。 6. 考查形容词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，被称为“飞人乔丹”，以他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。修饰名词moves应用形容词graceful，故填graceful。 7. 考查名词。句意：他的技术令人印象深刻，但他表现出的精神力量使他与众不同。作主语，应用名词strength，表抽象概念不可数。故填strength。 8. 考查名词。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。空处需填名词作宾语，表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填failures。 9. 考查比较级。句意：如果他输了一场比赛，他会更加努力地训练，永不放弃。空处修饰动词would practise，结合句意“更加努力地”应用比较级harder。故填harder。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：乔丹还学会了与他人分享他的成功。短语learn to do sth.表示“学习做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to share。 3 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness （反意疑问句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、反意疑问句的构成形式 用法介绍 反意疑问句由 “陈述句 + 简短疑问句” 构成，用于询问对方对陈述句内容的看法或确认事实，前后两部分在人称、时态上保持一致，遵循 “前肯后否、前否后肯” 的原则。 类型 简短疑问句结构 示例 肯定陈述句 否定式（be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + not + 主语） He is a student, isn't he?（他是学生，不是吗？） She likes music, doesn't she?（她喜欢音乐，不是吗？） 否定陈述句 肯定式（be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语） They aren't here, are they?（他们不在这儿，对吗？） He can't swim, can he?（他不会游泳，对吗？） 注意事项 1. 人称和时态一致：简短疑问句的主语需与陈述句主语一致（可用代词替代），时态需匹配（如陈述句用一般过去时，疑问句用 did/didn't）。 2. 否定词的判定：陈述句含 never, seldom, hardly, few, little 等否定意义的词时，视为否定句，简短疑问句用肯定式（如 He has few friends, does he?）。 3. 祈使句的特殊形式：Let's 开头的祈使句，简短疑问句用 “shall we”；Let us 开头的用 “will you”（如 Let's go, shall we? / Let us go, will you?）。 二、反意疑问句的回答及特殊情况 用法介绍 反意疑问句的回答需根据事实作答，肯定回答用 “Yes + 肯定结构”，否定回答用 “No + 否定结构”；当陈述句为否定形式时，回答的翻译需注意逻辑转换。此外，部分特殊主语或句式的反意疑问句有特殊规则。 场景 / 情况 示例及说明 肯定回答（事实为肯定） —He is here, isn't he? —Yes, he is.（— 他在这儿，对吗？— 是的，他在。） 否定回答（事实为否定） —She came, didn't she? —No, she didn't.（— 她来了，对吗？— 不，她没来。） 前否后肯的回答翻译 —He isn't tall, is he? —Yes, he is.（— 他不高，对吗？— 不，他很高。）（Yes 译为 “不”） 主语为不定代词 Everyone likes her, don't they?（不定代词指人时，疑问句主语用 they） Everything is OK, isn't it?（不定代词指物时，疑问句主语用 it） 含否定前缀的词 He is unhappy, isn't he?（含 un - 等否定前缀的词视为肯定句，疑问句用否定式） 主从复合句（主句为第一人称 I think 等） I think he is right, isn't he?（反问从句，而非主句） 注意事项 1. 回答的逻辑性：无论陈述句是肯定还是否定，回答始终依据事实（事实是肯定就用 Yes，否定就用 No），避免受中文翻译影响（如不要因陈述句是否定而用 Yes 翻译为 “不”）。 2. 特殊主语的代词选择：当陈述句主语为 someone, anyone 等不定代词时，疑问句主语用 they（表人）或 it（表物），不可直接用不定代词（如错误：Everyone is here, isn't everyone? 正确：Everyone is here, aren't they?）。 3. 主从复合句的反问对象：当主句为 “I think/believe/suppose” 等且主语为第一人称时，反意疑问句需反问从句（因主句主语是说话人，真正的内容在从句）；其他情况反问主句（如 She thinks he is right, doesn't she?）。 一、单句语法填空 1. （23-24高一上·重庆永川·期中）Few people in America knew the poor village, they? (变成反意疑问句) 2. （23-24高一上·宁夏固原·期中）Let’s go and listen to music, .  (附加疑问句) 3. （22-23高一上·山西大同·期中）That sounds interesting, it? (用适当的词填空) 4. （23-24高一上·福建漳州·期中）You forgot to book a room in advance, you? (用适当的词填空) 5. （23-24高一上·广东茂名·期中）I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days, ? (用适当的词填空) 6. （23-24高一上·吉林·期中）Let’s look at these views in more detail, we? (用适当的词填空) 7. （22-23高一上·吉林长春·期中）Have a little more coffee, you? (用适当的词填空) 8. （21-22高一上·福建福州·期中）What a simple question! Everyone knows the answer, they?（用适当的词填空） 9. （20-21高一上·山东济宁·期中）A: It’s not going to rain, is it? B: , . It’s a good day for an outing.（用适当的单词填空） 10．（20-21高一上·浙江·期中）Let’s have a break, ?（反意疑问句）（根据中文提示完成句子） 二、单项选择 1. （24-25高一上·广东江门·期中）He has never been to Beijing, ______ ? A．has he B．hasn’t he C．does he D．doesn’t he 2. （24-25高一上·广东江门·期中）She can swim very well, ______? A．can she B．can’t she C．does she D．doesn’t she 3. （24-25高一上·重庆·期中）I don’t have to do all the things for you, ________? A．have I B．have you C．do I D．do you 4. （24-25高一上·广东揭阳·期中）It is impossible for such a little boy, ________? A．is it B．isn’t it C．does he D．doesn’t he 5. （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）I don’t think they are right, ______? A．are they B．aren’t they C．do I D．don’t I 6. （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）If he improved his IT skills, he’d easily get a job, ______? A．hadn’t he B．didn’t he C．couldn’t he D．wouldn’t he 7. （23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）Neither Lucy nor Lily took part in the sports meeting last year, ________? A．didn’t they B．did they C．haven’t they D．have they 8. （23-24高一上·重庆·期中）Nothing he had done turned out to be useful, _______? A．hadn’t he B．had he C．did it D．didn’t it 9. （23-24高一上·陕西宝鸡·期中）A: Xia Lei likes soccer, ? B: . But she loves volleyball. She could be in the volleyball team. A．doesn’t she; Yes, she does B．does she; Yes, she does C．doesn’t she; No, she doesn’t D．does she; No, she doesn’t 10. （22-23高一上·浙江杭州·期中）―Your uncle isn’t an engineer, is he? ― _______ A．Yes, he isn’t B．No, he isn’t C．No, he is D．He is 11. （22-23高一上·浙江杭州·期中）Let us pass ______? A．shan’t we B．shall we C．won’t we D．will you 12. （22-23高一上·上海·期中）Mum is already up to her neck, so you should behave yourself now, ________? A．does she B．don’t you C．will she D．shouldn’t you 13. （22-23高一上·湖南长沙·开学考试）Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ________? A．hadn’t she B．wasn’t she C．didn’t she D．wouldn’t she 14. （21-22高一上·湖南长沙·开学考试）When you’re finished with the book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ________? A．to do B．don’t you C．will you D．wouldn’t you 15. （23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）Your mom had a long talk with you last night, _________ ? A．hadn’t she B．had she C．did she D．didn’t she 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北石家庄·期中）The next time you catch finswimmer (蹼泳运动员) Lucas Chew competing, it is best not to look away. The finswimmer 1 the water and finished a 100m race in just 42.45 seconds at the 2022 SEA Games in Hanoi, Vietnam. Mr. Chew says he 2 swimming in the beginning. His parents forced him to swim to manage his asthma (哮喘). He was fast and enjoyed the 3 and the speed, but the training was 4 and he decided to give it up at the end of primary school. “My parents 5 it but they told me to choose a 6 of my choice in secondary school,” he says. “When the time came, I chose swimming again. Mainly, I had no 7 in other sports. This time, it was also different because it was my 8 .” However, it was only at university that Mr. Chew 9 finswimming. He entered a lifesaving course which had a class where swimmers put fins on while 10 people in the water or sea. Once he 11 it, he loved it. Wanting to take it to the next 12 , Mr. Chew tried out for and was accepted into the Singapore national finswimming team in July 2019. Mr. Chew says it is 13 to find something you are passionate (热爱的) about at a young age as it makes all the 14 . “There is a lot of character-building (性格塑造) in sports. I 15 my swimming background”. 1. A．looked for B．walked on C．cut through D．asked for 2. A．continued B．disliked C．stopped D．considered 3. A．excitement B．comfort C．peace D．challenge 4. A．unaffordable B．difficult C．necessary D．relaxing 5. A．talked about B．stuck to C．depended on D．agreed to 6. A．job B．gift C．sport D．project 7. A．interest B．luck C．problem D．role 8. A．purpose B．mistake C．choice D．dream 9. A．gave up B．chanced upon C．believed in D．put off 10. A．educating B．meeting C．encouraging D．saving 11. A．needed B．wanted C．lost D．tried 12. A．level B．step C．moment D．line 13. A．unusual B．easy C．important D．impossible 14. A．jokes B．decisions C．pain D．difference 15. A．forget B．thank C．share D．check Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南郑州·期中）Four years ago, the closest I got to nature was the view of the garden from my living room window. But all that 1 when I came across hiking, quite by accident. It started with a 2 from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out. Nervous, but 3 , I agreed. The first hike was hard. I was 4 and my muscles ached, but as I reached the path’s end, something within me changed. The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely 5 . So I 6 to hike more, and in doing so, I noticed some changes. My body grew stronger, my physical 7 improved, and those once-hard hikes became easier. And my mind grew more 8 . The stress of city life 9 with each step. The rush of hiking became my new 10 . I also discovered a community of hikers. Each hike was a 11 to meet new people, share stories and form friendships. These weren’t just people to hike with, but they were fellow 12 sharing the journey of life. As my connection with nature deepened, so did my love for the environment. I found myself 13 cnvironmental protection efforts, understanding that protecting these beautiful paths was a 14 . So now, as I get ready for another hike, I look 15 for the journey ahead and all it will offer. 1. A．remained B．changed C．stopped D．suffered 2. A．wisdom B．reply C．promise D．challenge 3. A．curious B．certain C．anxious D．awkward 4. A．full of power B．short of rest C．out of breath D．wild with joy 5. A．annoying B．amazing C．shocking D．confusing 6. A．decided B．afforded C．refused D．pretended 7. A．appearance B．examination C．education D．strength 8. A．focused B．active C．relaxed D．confident 9. A．advanced B．disappeared C．concentrated D．survived 10. A．addiction B．topic C．trap D．schedule 11. A．race B．strategy C．chance D．debate 12. A．workers B．students C．passengers D．adventurers 13. A．taking part in B．taking control of C．making sense of D．making use of 14. A．goal B．rescue C．responsibility D．solution 15. A．nervously B．excitedly C．silently D．hurriedly Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东·期中）Three years ago I was at a really bad point in life and hid out in my apartment. My roommate would often invite me to do things, but I always 1 . I felt like my weight, about 480 pounds, stopped me from enjoying many 2 . Then he sat me down for a(n) 3 . He told me that I might be going to 4 if I didn’t make a change in my life, and the 5 person that could make that change was myself. He got a gym membership (会员资格) and wanted to take me. I hesitated (犹豫) at first. I was 6 that people would laugh at me. I told him I had always 7 to lose my weight. I had tried to lose some pounds but it never worked. Still, he did not 8 . Kicking and screaming for a week, I was pulled to the gym. I couldn’t really do anything 9 my overweight, but he was really good at 10 me and would work out at my pace (节奏). After a week of having my roommate 11 me, I decided to go there alone. I bought a gym membership and started working out 12 . He was happy with my 13 and kept pushing me. I kept going to the gym no matter how 14 I was. Over three years, with the 15 of my friend, I lost 240 pounds. 1. A．complained B．refused C．volunteered D．revised 2. A．courses B．competitions C．lectures D．activities 3. A．conversation B．introduction C．adventure D．celebration 4. A．escape B．crash C．die D．survive 5. A．only B．other C．same D．next 6. A．sure B．worried C．curious D．annoyed 7. A．failed B．continued C．pretended D．applied 8. A．show up B．hold on C．give up D．catch on 9. A．but for B．instead of C．except for D．because of 10. A．freeing B．comforting C．checking D．tracking 11. A．reminding B．attracting C．improving D．accompanying 12. A．regularly B．officially C．obviously D．fluently 13. A．luck B．chance C．talent D．change 14. A．amazed B．tired C．bored D．addicted 15. A．promise B．request C．support D．donation 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·福建福州·期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are 1 (master) in their sports and also set a good example for us. Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country by 2 (lead) her volleyball team to 3 (medal) at world championships and the Olympics. Once, Lang Ping’s 4 (determine) was tested because the team she had built was falling 5 . Not only did the captain leave the team for heart problems but also one of the best players 6 (injure). But Lang Ping didn’t lose heart. At last, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to the Olympic gold. Michael Jordan, known 7 “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were 8 (impress), but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his 9 (failure). Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give 10 . Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东江门·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For fresh students entering Yunnan University this autumn term, failing to pass the physical fitness tests 1 (include) running, pull-up and jumping will mean no diploma (文凭). According to the new rule, 2 is known as the “strictest school rule on physical education 3 history”, PE classes must be offered to all students as compulsory (必修) 4 (course), and students need to complete a total of 200 class hours in PE if they want to graduate. This new 5 (require) is nothing new. In 2007, the Ministry of Education 6 (issue) a rule, which asked schools to include physical fitness as a key standard in assessing students’ performance, and those failing to get 50 points in the tests should not be allowed 7 (graduate). For college students, getting a diploma is only 8 small target. The PE tests are designed to help them develop a 9 (health) lifestyle which would bring 10 (they) lifelong benefits. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建三明·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Lang Ping 1 (bring) honour and glory to her country as a player, and led the China women’s volleyball team to 2 (medal) at world championships and the Olympics as a coach. And she is loved by fans at home and abroad as a person. In 2015, Chinese team was falling apart. One of 3 best players had been injured, 4 the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. However, she didn’t lose heart. She faced difficulties 5 (brave) and the team won the world championship finally. In 2016, Lang Ping helped the team win the Olympic gold in Brazil. Michael Jordan, 6 (know) as “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but his mental 7 (strong) made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, he always seemed 8 (find) a way to win. He thought the secret to his success was learning from his failures. He said that he could accept failure but couldn’t accept not trying. He shared his success 9 others in life. He started the Boys and Girls Club 10 has been helping young people since 1996. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·陕西宝鸡·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Here are two athletes 1 are masters in their sports and also set good examples to others. As a volleyball player, Lang Ping 2 (bring) honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China womenˈs volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. While preparing for the 2015 World Cup, one of her best 3 (player) had been injured, and the team captain had to leave. The team she had built was falling apart. 4 (face) such a big challenge, Lang Ping didnˈt lose heart. She believed that they could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. Michael Jordan, known 5 “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his 6 (grace) moves and jumps. His skills were impressive, but the mental 7 (strong) that he showed made him unique. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his 8 (failure). If he lost a game, he would practise 9 (hard) and never give up. Jordan also learnt 10 (share) his success with others. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$