必修一 Welcome Unit 句子成分&基本句型-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】高中英语高一上学期（人教版2019）

单元核心语法·精练 必修一 Welcome Unit （句子成分和基本句型） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、句子成分及功能 用法介绍 句子成分是构成句子的基本要素，各成分在句中承担不同功能，共同表达完整意思。主要包括主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和同位语。 成分 定义 / 功能 常见形式 示例 主语 表示句子描述的人或事物，是动作的发出者 名词、代词、数词、不定式、从句等 She likes music.（她喜欢音乐。） What he said is true.（他说的是真的。） 宾语 表示动作涉及的对象，分直接宾语（物）和间接宾语（人） 名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等 He gave me（间接宾语）a book（直接宾语）.（他给了我一本书。） 表语 说明主语的身份、性质、状态，位于系动词后 名词、形容词、介词短语、从句等 She is a teacher.（她是一名教师。） The weather seems fine.（天气似乎很好。） 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语的动作或状态 名词、形容词、不定式、分词等 We made him monitor.（我们选他当班长。） I saw her dancing.（我看见她在跳舞。） 定语 修饰名词或代词，限定其范围或特征 形容词、名词、介词短语、从句等 This is a red pen.（这是一支红色的笔。） The girl in blue is my sister.（穿蓝衣服的女孩是我妹妹。） 状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表时间、地点等 副词、介词短语、不定式、从句等 He runs fast.（他跑得快。） In the morning, we go to school.（早上我们去上学。） 同位语 对名词或代词作补充说明，与其指同一事物 名词、代词、从句等 My friend Lucy is from America.（我的朋友露西来自美国。） 注意事项 1. 成分位置：定语通常位于被修饰词前（单个词）或后（短语 / 从句）；状语位置灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾。 2. 系动词搭配：表语需与系动词（be, seem, become 等）搭配，不可直接用于实义动词后（如错误：He looks happily. 正确：He looks happy.）。 3. 同位语与定语的区别：同位语与被修饰词指同一事物，可替换；定语仅修饰限定，不可替换（如 “my brother Tom” 中 Tom 是同位语，可与 my brother 互换；“my red bag” 中 red 是定语，不可替换 bag）。 二、基本句型结构 用法介绍 英语句子的基本句型由主语（S）、谓语（V）、表语（P）、宾语（O）、状语（A）等成分组合而成，不同句型表达不同逻辑关系。 句型结构 构成公式 说明 示例 主 + 谓（S+V） 主语 + 不及物动词 谓语动词能表达完整意思，无需接宾语，可接状语补充 The sun rises.（太阳升起。） They talked loudly.（他们大声交谈。） 主 + 系 + 表（S+V+P） 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 系动词（be, look, become 等）不能单独作谓语，需接表语构成复合谓语 She is a student.（她是一名学生。） The food tastes good.（这食物尝起来很好。） 主 + 谓 + 宾（S+V+O） 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 及物动词需接宾语才能表达完整意思 He reads books.（他读书。） I want to go.（我想去。） 主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾（S+V+IO+DO） 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物，间接宾语可改为 “介词 + 直接宾语” 结构 She bought me（IO） a gift（DO）. = She bought a gift for me.（她给我买了一份礼物。） 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补（S+V+O+C） 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 宾语需宾补补充说明，两者存在逻辑主谓关系 We call him（O） Tom（C）.（我们叫他汤姆。） He made me（O） laugh（C）.（他逗我笑。） There be 句型 There + be + 主语 + 状语 表示 “存在”，be 与主语在数上一致，主语位于 be 后 There is a cat in the room.（房间里有一只猫。） There are many books on the shelf.（书架上有很多书。） 注意事项 1. 不及物动词与及物动词：不及物动词（如 rise, talk）不接宾语，及物动词（如 read, buy）必须接宾语（错误：He reads. 正确：He reads books.）。 2. 双宾语转换：间接宾语前常用介词 to（表 “给”）或 for（表 “为”），如 “give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.”“buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.”。 3. There be 句型的主谓一致：be 动词形式由其后的主语决定（单数主语用 is，复数主语用 are），如 “There is a pen and two books.（就近原则，由 a pen 决定用 is）”。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一上·广东汕头·期中）The school adviser helped me choose the appropriate ones.下划线部分是 成分. A．状语 B．表语 C．间接宾语 D．宾语补足语 2．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·期中）I found him ashamed when I asked him the question. What is the sentence element underlined in the sentence? ______ A．Subject (主语). B．Object (宾语). C．Predictive (表语). D．Object complement (宾语补足语). 3．（24-25高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习）Every day, he was forced to work from morning till night. A．adverbial B．predicative C．attributive D．complement 4．（24-25高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习）The report sounds interesting. A．object B．subject C．complement D．predicative 5．（24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）Which part is predicate (表语) of the sentence below? “Though we have known each other for many years, he still seems a stranger to me. ” A．have known B．each other C．for many years D．a stranger to me 6．（23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China. 请判断划线部分的句子成分： A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．宾语补足语 7．（24-25高一上·上海·期中）Society as a whole has a responsibility towards its weaker members, __________ as a result of circumstances they could not control, such as illness and disaster. A．people suffered B．who suffering C．people who suffer D．when suffered 8．（23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）All studying at university will be offered the opportunity to do voluntary work. 请判断划线部分的句子成分： A．主语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．状语 9．（23-24高一上·广东珠海·期中）Today, American English is in common international use. 划线部分是______. A．状语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．谓语 10．（23-24高一上·江苏淮安·开学考试）By setting goals now, you are deciding what you want to achieve in the future. A．状语 B．定语 C．宾语 D．表语 11．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）The dolphin’s ability to please humans has made it one of our favorites in the animal kingdom. (选出本句中的状语) A．in the animal kingdowm B．The dolphin’s ability C．one of our favorites D．to please humans 12．（23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and extra-curricular activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. 划线部分在句中充当______。 A．谓语 B．定语 C．宾语 D．表语 13．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）I can think of many cases where students obviously know a lot of English words and phrases but couldn’t write a good essay. 划线部分在该句中充当什么成分? A．宾语 B．状语 C．定语 D．同位语 14．（22-23高一上·广东珠海·期中）In the sentence “It’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.”, the underlined part is ________. A．宾语 B．主语 C．表语 D．状语 15．（22-23高一上·广东江门·期中）Which of the following phrases in the sentence is an adverb phrase? Sentence: The first week of my senior high school life is a little confusing since I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. A．the first week B．a little confusing C．think about D．very carefully 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列语句 1. （23-24高一上·广东江门·期中）She (期待) going back to her home as soon as possible. (根据中英文提示填空) 2. （24-25高一上·山东泰安·期中） (要是……会怎样）no one talks to me? （根据汉语提示填空） 3. （24-25高一上·广西玉林·期中）It’s necessary for every student to (做笔记) in class. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 4. （24-25高一上·山西大同·期中）We are looking forward to the new life in (高中). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5. （24-25高一上·广东·期中）Before the final exam, it’s important (复习) all the important topics covered in the semester. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期中）I’m sure we’ll have a wonderful time and (享受彼此的陪伴). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7. （23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）Traditional publishers have to start (期待，盼望) to a digital future if they want to survive. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 8. （23-24高一上·广东江门·期中）It was up to him to c (集中精神) his studies and make something of himself.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 9. （23-24高一上·广东潮州·期中）In this lecture I shall (集中精力于) how the earth began.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 10. （23-24高一上·广东茂名·期中）We really (盼望) the coming holiday. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 11. （23-24高一上·山东青岛·期中）What could I say to (留下好的第一印象)?(根据汉语提示完成句子) 12. （23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）我确实很期待尽快收到你的回复。 I do receiving your reply letter as soon as possible. 13. （22-23高一上·福建厦门·期中）到了你的目的地之后，你会有一天的时间去探索这座令人叹为观止的古市。 After reaching your destination, you will have a day to this ancient city. 14. （22-23高一上·山东青岛·期中）多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话时也很自信。(简单句之主系表结构) the contest and the help of my friend, I now . 15. （23-24高一上·福建福州·期中）到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。 After your destination, you will have a day to and be by this ancient city. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北保定·期中）Nancy is reading an e-mail from her friend Jack. She is very 1 to get the e-mail. Jack writes about his school 2 weekends. Jack likes his school very much. Nancy likes her school, 3 . Jack’s school is very big and he likes his classroom. The 4 and chairs are new. There are lots of pictures 5 the wall. They clean the classroom every day. The teachers are nice and his 6 are friendly. He loves 7 because he can learn a lot about the world. He also loves 8 . He is good at playing football. He plays it with his 9 after school. He is in the school 10 team. He says he has a good time at school. Jack doesn’t 11 to school on Saturdays and Sundays. He gets up 12 at six on Saturday. He goes jogging in the park for half 13 . Then he eats his 14 . After that, he helps his mother with housework. At eight he begins to do his homework. He has lunch in a fast food restaurant. In the 15 , he goes shopping with Mum. Sometimes he plays computer games or chats with his friends on the Internet in the evening. He enjoys his weekend very much. 1. A．beautiful B．hungry C．happy D．sad 2. A．for B．to C．at D．in 3. A．also B．again C．too D．very 4. A．desks B．schoolbags C．pencils D．pens 5. A．in B．on C．near D．at 6. A．subjects B．books C．classmates D．students 7. A．drawing B．swimming C．dancing D．reading 8. A．sports B．trees C．animals D．hobbies 9. A．teachers B．parents C．friends D．brothers 10. A．basketball B．football C．music D．volleyball 11. A．like B．play C．go D．have 12. A．early B．late C．before D．after 13. A．a year B．a month C．an hour D．a day 14. A．breakfast B．lunch C．supper D．dinner 15. A．day B．hour C．afternoon D．morning Passage 2 （24-25高一上·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）Each of us makes mistakes from time to time. In fact, we can 1 a lot from our mistakes. Donnie was a 2 student and never answered questions in class. He was 3 to make mistakes. He never finished his homework 4 he didn’t want to make any mistakes. Nothing changed 5 Marry Anne, a teacher, came to our 6 . One morning, Marry Anne asked Donnie to 7 some questions. After a while Donnie was in tears because he made a mistake. 8 Marry Anne got a box full of erasers from the desk. “Look, Donnie,” she said standing 9 him. “I’ve got something to show you.” She 10 the erasers, one at a time, and put them on the desk. “See these erasers, Donnie?” she continued. “Do you know 11 the erasers become smaller and smaller? That’s because we make mistakes. But we erase the mistakes and try 12 . That’s what you must learn.” “Here,” she said, “I’ll 13 one eraser on your desk, so you will remember that 14 may make mistakes.” Donnie looked at Marry Anne and smiled. Donnie 15 a lot from then on. He knew that everyone had the permission (允许) to make mistakes as long as you learned them and tried again. 1. A．take B．make C．get D．bring 2. A．curious B．shy C．confident D．outgoing 3. A．excited B．anxious C．confused D．afraid 4. A．because B．so C．if D．but 5. A．after B．while C．until D．when 6. A．company B．class C．team D．classroom 7. A．answer B．ask C．explore D．quit 8. A．Suddenly B．Unluckily C．Luckily D．Extremely 9. A．on B．with C．beside D．to 10. A．worked out B．cut out C．took out D．checked out 11. A．when B．how C．what D．why 12. A．more B．again C．another D．one 13. A．forget B．carry C．leave D．rent 14. A．nobody B．somebody C．no one D．everybody 15. A．changed B．admired C．competed D．recognized Passage 3 （24-25高一上·贵州贵阳·期中）A little girl in Dayton, Maine, has unknowingly changed her school’s culture when she became the first and only deaf student to attend. Morey Belanger was diagnosed (诊断) with a rare disease when she was one year old. The disease brought her 1 loss. Therefore, she has to use sign language to 2 . When she reached school age, her parents were 3 about how she could receive education in normal schools. 4 , they met with Dayton Consolidated School. The school was willing to learn sign language and provide the services she 5 . Still, Morey’s mother Shannon only 6 that the teachers would teach her daughter sign language. Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it. “It makes our whole family feel 7 ,” Shannon says. People throughout the school are trying their best to 8 what’s best for her. They made Morey feel she was 9 and loved. For example, the school hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language 10 were given. “We did these things 11 they are the right things to do.” says Kim Sampietro, the school’s headteacher. Morey and her need to learn sign language also had a(n) 12 on the school. “I think it’s a chance for learning and growth when we have a child who has something 13 ,” says Sampietro. “She’ll be with the same class through 5th grade, so I imagine all these kids will 14 to learn sign language. It just makes her feel like she’s 15 of the school.” 1. A．hearing B．smell C．weight D．memory 2. A．describe B．practice C．participate D．communicate 3. A．certain B．careless C．confused D．positive 4. A．Normally B．Regularly C．Simply D．Fortunately 5. A．demanded B．needed C．overlooked D．refused 6. A．discovered B．expected C．ordered D．stressed 7. A．excited B．annoyed C．moved D．puzzled 8. A．deliver B．provide C．prove D．seek 9. A．admired B．believed C．challenged D．respected 10. A．performances B．explanations C．interviews D．examinations 11. A．if B．though C．because D．unless 12. A．comment B．effect C．limitation D．vote 13. A．extreme B．strange C．secret D．different 14. A．continue B．volunteer C．decide D．manage 15. A．center B．part C．basis D．spirit 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·云南昭通·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Attending senior high school 1 (mean) a new beginning in your life. Most of you look forward to the first day of high school, 2 still feel a little bit nervous. In order to make your high school life much easier, you can follow these 3 (suggest). Firstly, the change of ideas is 4 (real) important for you to attend senior high school. One of the features of senior high school life is that you need to think, judge and act by 5 (you). You can ask for help from your teachers, but don’t forget to depend on your own ability. Secondly, to build 6 good relation net is another important thing. 7 (learn) to get along with classmates and forming new friendships are 8 (help) to your school life and future. Thirdly, you should balance study and play. Play has to come second to your study, and teachers and parents who care about you won’t be around to make sure that happens. Finally, you should develop a positive attitude towards pressure (压力). It is reported that many students have psychological problems. The ability 9 (relax) and face difficulty is as important as the ability to learn. Keep it 10 mind: well begun is half done. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·安徽亳州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tian Hua is a new student at a school in America. She is studying at 1 American high school for one year. In China, Tian Hua was in Grade 1 at senior high school, but in America, she is in Grade 10! She was lacking in 2 (confident) when she arrived. In the 3 (begin), she had difficulty understanding what the people said because they spoke too quickly, but soon she found that if she concentrated 4 the ideas, not the single words, she could understand! She also 5 (make) friends and began to explore the city with 6 (they). Her new friends were happy 7 (explain) things to her after class. Her favourite class is chemistry because the teacher lets the students do cool 8 (experiment)! Tian Hua is not sure 9 well she will do at school this year, but she is not nervous any more. She is 10 (excite)! Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东聊城·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Studying abroad is an exciting experience, giving you the opportunity to learn more about the traditions and cultures of the host country and its people. Apart from the excellent 1 (educate) I received during my three years in England, I also made a wide circle of friends and improved my language skills. I learned how 2 (deal) with various problems, and as a result, I have become more 3 (depend) and self-confident. I studied English Literature and when I first arrived I had trouble 4 (understand) some of the accents and the slang (俚语) 5 are in everyday use. However, making many friends and doing a part-time job have helped improve my English. Now I am a much more fluent and natural speaker. 6 biggest problems I faced were finding somewhere to live when I did not know the area well, getting the electricity and phone 7 (connect) and learning to look after myself. I had to get used to shopping, cooking and doing the housework, as well as studying and working, so I mastered the art of planning my time 8 (wise). Although adjusting to living in a new country 9 (be) not easy, learning to take care of myself helped me grow as a person. I feel I can deal with any problem now 10 a calm and confident manner, without having to immediately ask someone for help. 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 必修一 Welcome Unit （句子成分和基本句型） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、句子成分及功能 用法介绍 句子成分是构成句子的基本要素，各成分在句中承担不同功能，共同表达完整意思。主要包括主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和同位语。 成分 定义 / 功能 常见形式 示例 主语 表示句子描述的人或事物，是动作的发出者 名词、代词、数词、不定式、从句等 She likes music.（她喜欢音乐。） What he said is true.（他说的是真的。） 宾语 表示动作涉及的对象，分直接宾语（物）和间接宾语（人） 名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等 He gave me（间接宾语）a book（直接宾语）.（他给了我一本书。） 表语 说明主语的身份、性质、状态，位于系动词后 名词、形容词、介词短语、从句等 She is a teacher.（她是一名教师。） The weather seems fine.（天气似乎很好。） 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语的动作或状态 名词、形容词、不定式、分词等 We made him monitor.（我们选他当班长。） I saw her dancing.（我看见她在跳舞。） 定语 修饰名词或代词，限定其范围或特征 形容词、名词、介词短语、从句等 This is a red pen.（这是一支红色的笔。） The girl in blue is my sister.（穿蓝衣服的女孩是我妹妹。） 状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表时间、地点等 副词、介词短语、不定式、从句等 He runs fast.（他跑得快。） In the morning, we go to school.（早上我们去上学。） 同位语 对名词或代词作补充说明，与其指同一事物 名词、代词、从句等 My friend Lucy is from America.（我的朋友露西来自美国。） 注意事项 1. 成分位置：定语通常位于被修饰词前（单个词）或后（短语 / 从句）；状语位置灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾。 2. 系动词搭配：表语需与系动词（be, seem, become 等）搭配，不可直接用于实义动词后（如错误：He looks happily. 正确：He looks happy.）。 3. 同位语与定语的区别：同位语与被修饰词指同一事物，可替换；定语仅修饰限定，不可替换（如 “my brother Tom” 中 Tom 是同位语，可与 my brother 互换；“my red bag” 中 red 是定语，不可替换 bag）。 二、基本句型结构 用法介绍 英语句子的基本句型由主语（S）、谓语（V）、表语（P）、宾语（O）、状语（A）等成分组合而成，不同句型表达不同逻辑关系。 句型结构 构成公式 说明 示例 主 + 谓（S+V） 主语 + 不及物动词 谓语动词能表达完整意思，无需接宾语，可接状语补充 The sun rises.（太阳升起。） They talked loudly.（他们大声交谈。） 主 + 系 + 表（S+V+P） 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 系动词（be, look, become 等）不能单独作谓语，需接表语构成复合谓语 She is a student.（她是一名学生。） The food tastes good.（这食物尝起来很好。） 主 + 谓 + 宾（S+V+O） 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 及物动词需接宾语才能表达完整意思 He reads books.（他读书。） I want to go.（我想去。） 主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾（S+V+IO+DO） 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物，间接宾语可改为 “介词 + 直接宾语” 结构 She bought me（IO） a gift（DO）. = She bought a gift for me.（她给我买了一份礼物。） 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补（S+V+O+C） 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 宾语需宾补补充说明，两者存在逻辑主谓关系 We call him（O） Tom（C）.（我们叫他汤姆。） He made me（O） laugh（C）.（他逗我笑。） There be 句型 There + be + 主语 + 状语 表示 “存在”，be 与主语在数上一致，主语位于 be 后 There is a cat in the room.（房间里有一只猫。） There are many books on the shelf.（书架上有很多书。） 注意事项 1. 不及物动词与及物动词：不及物动词（如 rise, talk）不接宾语，及物动词（如 read, buy）必须接宾语（错误：He reads. 正确：He reads books.）。 2. 双宾语转换：间接宾语前常用介词 to（表 “给”）或 for（表 “为”），如 “give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.”“buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.”。 3. There be 句型的主谓一致：be 动词形式由其后的主语决定（单数主语用 is，复数主语用 are），如 “There is a pen and two books.（就近原则，由 a pen 决定用 is）”。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一上·广东汕头·期中）The school adviser helped me choose the appropriate ones.下划线部分是 成分. A．状语 B．表语 C．间接宾语 D．宾语补足语 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：学校顾问帮我选择了合适的。分析句子结构可知，“The school adviser”是主语，“helped”是谓语，“me”是宾语，“choose the appropriate ones”是宾语补足语。故选D项。 2．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·期中）I found him ashamed when I asked him the question. What is the sentence element underlined in the sentence? ______ A．Subject (主语). B．Object (宾语). C．Predictive (表语). D．Object complement (宾语补足语). 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：当我问他这个问题时，我发现他很惭愧。句子中下划线的句子元素是什么？I是主语，found是谓语，him是宾语，ashamed是宾语补足语，故选D。 3．（24-25高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习）Every day, he was forced to work from morning till night. A．adverbial B．predicative C．attributive D．complement 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：他每天被迫从早到晚地工作。A. adverbial状语；B. predicative表语；C. attributive定语；D. complement补语。根据句意可知，Every day为时间状语。故选A。 4．（24-25高一上·江苏淮安·阶段练习）The report sounds interesting. A．object B．subject C．complement D．predicative 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：这份报告听起来很有趣。分析句子结构可知，句中The report为主语，sounds为系动词，interesting为表语。故选D。 5．（24-25高一上·广东广州·期中）Which part is predicate (表语) of the sentence below? “Though we have known each other for many years, he still seems a stranger to me. ” A．have known B．each other C．for many years D．a stranger to me 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：“虽然我们已经认识很多年了，但他对我来说仍然是一个陌生人。”本句是Though引导的让步状语从句，其中we是主语，have known是谓语动词，each other是宾语，for many years是时间状语；在主句中he是主语，seems是系动词，a stranger to me是表语，故选D项。 6．（23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China. 请判断划线部分的句子成分： A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．宾语补足语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我们衷心祝愿你早日康复，早日回国。分析句子结构可知，句中We 为主语，wish为谓语动词，you为间接宾语；a quick recovery and an early return to China为直接宾语。故选C。 7．（24-25高一上·上海·期中）Society as a whole has a responsibility towards its weaker members, __________ as a result of circumstances they could not control, such as illness and disaster. A．people suffered B．who suffering C．people who suffer D．when suffered 【答案】C 【详解】考查同位语和定语从句。句意：社会整体对它的弱势成员负有责任，这些成员因他们无法控制的情况，如疾病和灾难而遭受痛苦。空处用people作weaker members的同位语，同时people又作为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，指人，用who引导该限制性定语从句，suffer为从句中的谓语动词。故选C项。 8．（23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）All studying at university will be offered the opportunity to do voluntary work. 请判断划线部分的句子成分： A．主语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．状语 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：所有在大学学习的学生都有机会做志愿工作。句子的主语为All，谓语为will be offered；studying at university为定语修饰主语，为现在分词作定语。故选C。 9．（23-24高一上·广东珠海·期中）Today, American English is in common international use. 划线部分是______. A．状语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．谓语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：今天，美式英语在国际上普遍使用。Today在句中作时间状语；American English在句中作主语；is是系动词；in common international use在句中作表语。故选B。 10．（23-24高一上·江苏淮安·开学考试）By setting goals now, you are deciding what you want to achieve in the future. A．状语 B．定语 C．宾语 D．表语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：通过设定现在的目标，你就决定了你将来想要实现的目标。分析句子结构可知，By setting goals now是状语，you是主语，are deciding是谓语，what you want to achieve in the future是what引导的名词性从句，作decide的宾语，故选C。 11．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）The dolphin’s ability to please humans has made it one of our favorites in the animal kingdom. (选出本句中的状语) A．in the animal kingdowm B．The dolphin’s ability C．one of our favorites D．to please humans 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：海豚取悦人类的能力使它成为动物王国中我们的最爱之一。“The dolphin’s ability”为主语，“to please humans”为动词不定式作后置定语修饰ability，“has made”为谓语动词，it作宾语指代dolphin，“one of our favorites”为宾语补足语，“in the animal kingdom”是状语，它描述“one of our favorites”的范围，故选A项。 12．（23-24高一上·广东广州·期中）Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and extra-curricular activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. 划线部分在句中充当______。 A．谓语 B．定语 C．宾语 D．表语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：许多90后和00后的孩子都是由“直升机父母”抚养长大的，他们总是在那里指导和帮助他们完成繁忙的家庭作业和课外活动，比如跳舞、画画或运动。句中谓语是were raised by，“who were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and extra-curricular activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports.”是who引导的定语从句，修饰“helicopter parents”，“born in the 1990s and 2000s”作后置定语，修饰children。故选B。 13．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）I can think of many cases where students obviously know a lot of English words and phrases but couldn’t write a good essay. 划线部分在该句中充当什么成分? A．宾语 B．状语 C．定语 D．同位语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我能想到很多学生明明知道很多英语单词和短语，却写不出一篇好文章的例子。分析句子结构可知，case是先行词，从句缺少状语，where引导定语从句，因此划线部分作定语，故选C项。 14．（22-23高一上·广东珠海·期中）In the sentence “It’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.”, the underlined part is ________. A．宾语 B．主语 C．表语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构和成分。句意：要习惯这么多家庭作业是相当困难的。分析句子结构可知，本句使用了“it be+adj.+to do...”句型，意为“做……是……的”，该句型中it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。所以划线部分to get used to all the homework是不定式作主语。故选B项。 15．（22-23高一上·广东江门·期中）Which of the following phrases in the sentence is an adverb phrase? Sentence: The first week of my senior high school life is a little confusing since I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. A．the first week B．a little confusing C．think about D．very carefully 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我高中生活的第一周有点困惑，因为我必须非常仔细地考虑我想上哪些课程。A. the first week是一个名词短语，作为句子的主语。B. a little confusing是一个形容词短语，在句中作表语，用来描述主语the first week。C. think about是一个动词短语，用来描述主语I所做的动作。D. very carefully是修饰动词短语had to think的副词短语。故选D。 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列语句 1. （23-24高一上·广东江门·期中）She (期待) going back to her home as soon as possible. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】 looks forward to 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。句意：她期待尽快回家。根据汉语提示“期待”及首字母“l”可知，空处应用动词短语look forward to，句子描述现在的状态，应用一般现在时，主语“She”为第三人称单数，所以动词look用第三人称单数形式looks。故填①looks②forward③to。 2. （24-25高一上·山东泰安·期中） (要是……会怎样）no one talks to me? （根据汉语提示填空） 【答案】 What if 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：要是没有人和我交流会怎样？中文提示“要是……会怎样”对应英语的固定表达 What if…，表示假设性疑问。句首字母大写。故填What；if。 3. （24-25高一上·广西玉林·期中）It’s necessary for every student to (做笔记) in class. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】take notes 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每个学生都需要在课堂上做笔记。表示“做笔记”用固定短语take notes，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。故填take notes。 4. （24-25高一上·山西大同·期中）We are looking forward to the new life in (高中). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 senior high school 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：我们期待高中的新生活。由句意和所给提示词可知，空格处需表达“高中”，应该使用名词短语senior high school。故填senior high school。 5. （24-25高一上·广东·期中）Before the final exam, it’s important (复习) all the important topics covered in the semester. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】to revise 【详解】考查不定式短语。句意：期末考试前，复习学期内涉及的所有重要话题是很重要的。根据汉语提示“复习”可知，应用动词短语revise，结合句子结构it is important to do sth可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式。故填to revise。 6. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期中）I’m sure we’ll have a wonderful time and (享受彼此的陪伴). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 enjoy each other’s company 【详解】考查短语。句意：我相信我们会玩得很开心并享受彼此的陪伴。表示“享受”用enjoy，“彼此的”译为each other’s，“陪伴”译为company，动词enjoy与have并列用原形。故填enjoy；each；other’s；company。 7. （23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）Traditional publishers have to start (期待，盼望) to a digital future if they want to survive. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】looking forward 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：传统出版商如果想要生存下去，就必须开始展望数字化的未来。根据汉语提示“期待，期盼”可知，此处为固定搭配look forward to，start doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“开始做某事”。故填looking forward。 8. （23-24高一上·广东江门·期中）It was up to him to c (集中精神) his studies and make something of himself.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 concentrate/oncentrate on 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：他能否专心学习并有所成就取决于他自己。it is up to sb. to do sth.表示“做某事由某人决定”，分析句子结构可知，空格处应填动词原形，结合所给首字母以及汉语提示可知，应填concentrate on。故填①concentrate ②on。 9. （23-24高一上·广东潮州·期中）In this lecture I shall (集中精力于) how the earth began.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 concentrate on 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在这一讲中，我将集中讨论地球是如何形成的。空前是情态动词，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是concentrate on意为“集中精力于”。故填①concentrate，②on。 10. （23-24高一上·广东茂名·期中）We really (盼望) the coming holiday. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】look forward to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们十分盼望即将到来的假期。根据汉语提示可知短语为look forward to，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为we，谓语用原形。故填look forward to。 11. （23-24高一上·山东青岛·期中）What could I say to (留下好的第一印象)?(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】make a good first impression/leave a good first impression 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我该说些什么才能留下好的第一印象呢？分析句子，设空处使用动词短语与前文的to构成不定式结构。根据汉语提示，表示“留下好的第一印象”用make/leave a good first impression。故填make/leave a good first impression。 12. （23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）我确实很期待尽快收到你的回复。 I do receiving your reply letter as soon as possible. 【答案】 look forward to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，本题考查固定短语look forward to“期待做某事”，其中to为介词，后面加名词或动名词。本句话为一般现在时态。助动词do和后面的动词短语连用表示强调该动词短语。故填①look；②forward；③to。 13. （22-23高一上·福建厦门·期中）到了你的目的地之后，你会有一天的时间去探索这座令人叹为观止的古市。 After reaching your destination, you will have a day to this ancient city. 【答案】explore 【详解】考查动词。根据句意及所给英文可知，设空处应为“探索”，应用动词explore，空前to是不定式符号，应用explore的原形。故填explore。 14. （22-23高一上·山东青岛·期中）多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话时也很自信。(简单句之主系表结构) the contest and the help of my friend, I now . 【答案】 Thanks to feel relaxed on stage and confident when I speak 【详解】考查介词短语及时态。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时；根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空表示“多亏了”译为thanks to，第二空表示“在舞台上感觉很放松，说话时也很自信”译为feel relaxed on stage and confident when I speak。故填①Thanks to；②feel relaxed on stage and confident when I speak。 15. （23-24高一上·福建福州·期中）到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。 After your destination, you will have a day to and be by this ancient city. 【答案】 reaching explore amazed 【详解】考查动名词、不定式、过去分词。由所给句意可知，①空格处应表达“到达”，用reach，用动名词，作After的宾语。②空格处应表达“探索”，用explore，位于不定式符号to（作后置定语）后，用动词原形。③空格处应表达“对……大为惊奇”，用被动结构be amazed by，故填①reaching②explore③amazed。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北保定·期中）Nancy is reading an e-mail from her friend Jack. She is very 1 to get the e-mail. Jack writes about his school 2 weekends. Jack likes his school very much. Nancy likes her school, 3 . Jack’s school is very big and he likes his classroom. The 4 and chairs are new. There are lots of pictures 5 the wall. They clean the classroom every day. The teachers are nice and his 6 are friendly. He loves 7 because he can learn a lot about the world. He also loves 8 . He is good at playing football. He plays it with his 9 after school. He is in the school 10 team. He says he has a good time at school. Jack doesn’t 11 to school on Saturdays and Sundays. He gets up 12 at six on Saturday. He goes jogging in the park for half 13 . Then he eats his 14 . After that, he helps his mother with housework. At eight he begins to do his homework. He has lunch in a fast food restaurant. In the 15 , he goes shopping with Mum. Sometimes he plays computer games or chats with his friends on the Internet in the evening. He enjoys his weekend very much. 1. A．beautiful B．hungry C．happy D．sad 2. A．for B．to C．at D．in 3. A．also B．again C．too D．very 4. A．desks B．schoolbags C．pencils D．pens 5. A．in B．on C．near D．at 6. A．subjects B．books C．classmates D．students 7. A．drawing B．swimming C．dancing D．reading 8. A．sports B．trees C．animals D．hobbies 9. A．teachers B．parents C．friends D．brothers 10. A．basketball B．football C．music D．volleyball 11. A．like B．play C．go D．have 12. A．early B．late C．before D．after 13. A．a year B．a month C．an hour D．a day 14. A．breakfast B．lunch C．supper D．dinner 15. A．day B．hour C．afternoon D．morning 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jack的学校生活及日常活动。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Nancy收到邮件后非常开心。A. beautiful美丽的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. happy高兴的；D. sad悲伤的。根据前文“Nancy is reading an e-mail from her friend Jack.”和后文的“to get the e-mail”可知，Nancy正在读的邮件来自她朋友Jack，所以此处指Nancy很高兴收到这封电子邮件。故选C。 2. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：Jack写了他在周末的学校生活。A. for为了；B. to到；C. at在（表示具体的时间或地点）；D. in在（表示一段时间或抽象地点）。根据后文“weekends”可知，此处表示在周末的学校生活，用介词at weekends“在周末”为固定短语。故选C。 3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Nancy也喜欢她的学校。A. also也（用于句中）；B. again再次；C. too也（用于句末）；D. very非常。根据前文的“Jack likes his school very much. Nancy likes her school”可知，Jack非常喜欢他的学校，Nancy也非常喜欢她的学校，此处需要表示“也”的副词，且用于句末，因此用too，而also用于句中。故选C。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：课桌和椅子都是新的。A. desks桌子，课桌；B. schoolbags书包；C. pencils铅笔；D. pens钢笔。根据前文的“he likes his classroom”和后文的“and chairs are new”可知，此处应与“椅子”相对应，因此本空用desks“课桌”。故选A。 5. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：墙上有很多图片。A. in在……里面；B. on在……上面；C. near在……附近；D. at在（表示具体的时间或地点）。根据空前的“pictures”和空后的“the wall”及常识可知，画是挂在墙上的，因此用介词on，表示“在……上”。故选B。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们很好，他的同学们也很友好。A. subjects科目；B. books书；C. classmates同班同学；D. students学生。根据前文“The teachers are nice”可知，此处应与“老师”相对应，因此本空用classmates，表示“同学们”。故选C。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢阅读，因为他可以学到很多关于世界的知识。A. drawing画画；B. swimming游泳；C. dancing跳舞；D. reading阅读。根据后文“because he can learn a lot about the world”可知，此处指他喜欢阅读。故选D。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也喜欢运动。A. sports运动；B. trees树；C. animals动物；D. hobbies爱好。根据后文“He is good at playing football”可知，此处指他也喜欢运动。故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：放学后他和朋友们踢足球。A. teachers老师；B. parents父母；C. friends朋友；D. brothers兄弟。根据后文的“after school”可知，放学踢足球这件事应是他与朋友们一起。故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是学校足球队的一员。A. basketball篮球；B. football足球；C. music音乐；D. volleyball排球。根据前文“He is good at playing football”可知，此处指Jack是学校足球队的一员。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jack周六和周日不上学。A. like喜欢；B. play玩；C. go去；D. have有。根据后文“on Saturdays and Sundays”可知，此处指Jack在周末不上学，用go to school表示“上学”。故选C。 12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他周六早上六点早早就起床了。A. early早地；B. late晚地；C. before以前；D. after以后。根据后文“at six on Saturday”可知，此处指Jack周六早上起得很早。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在公园里慢跑半个小时。A. a year一年；B. a month一个月；C. an hour一个小时；D. a day一天。根据前文“He goes jogging in the park for half”和常识可知，他在公园里慢跑，最合理的时间是半小时。half an hour“半个小时”。故选C。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他吃早饭。A. breakfast早饭；B. lunch午饭；C. supper晚饭（英式英语）；D. dinner晚饭（美式英语）。根据前文“He gets up 　12　 at six on Saturday. He goes jogging in the park for half  　13　. Then he eats his”可知，此处指早晨起床后，Jack跑完步后吃早饭。故选A。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：下午他和妈妈一起去购物。A. day天；B. hour小时；C. afternoon下午；D. morning早上。根据前文“He has lunch in a fast food restaurant. In the”可知，此处指Jack在吃完午饭后，下午和妈妈一起去购物。且前文提到他早上跑完步、吃早饭、做作业、吃午饭，所以此处应该是下午。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）Each of us makes mistakes from time to time. In fact, we can 1 a lot from our mistakes. Donnie was a 2 student and never answered questions in class. He was 3 to make mistakes. He never finished his homework 4 he didn’t want to make any mistakes. Nothing changed 5 Marry Anne, a teacher, came to our 6 . One morning, Marry Anne asked Donnie to 7 some questions. After a while Donnie was in tears because he made a mistake. 8 Marry Anne got a box full of erasers from the desk. “Look, Donnie,” she said standing 9 him. “I’ve got something to show you.” She 10 the erasers, one at a time, and put them on the desk. “See these erasers, Donnie?” she continued. “Do you know 11 the erasers become smaller and smaller? That’s because we make mistakes. But we erase the mistakes and try 12 . That’s what you must learn.” “Here,” she said, “I’ll 13 one eraser on your desk, so you will remember that 14 may make mistakes.” Donnie looked at Marry Anne and smiled. Donnie 15 a lot from then on. He knew that everyone had the permission (允许) to make mistakes as long as you learned them and tried again. 1. A．take B．make C．get D．bring 2. A．curious B．shy C．confident D．outgoing 3. A．excited B．anxious C．confused D．afraid 4. A．because B．so C．if D．but 5. A．after B．while C．until D．when 6. A．company B．class C．team D．classroom 7. A．answer B．ask C．explore D．quit 8. A．Suddenly B．Unluckily C．Luckily D．Extremely 9. A．on B．with C．beside D．to 10. A．worked out B．cut out C．took out D．checked out 11. A．when B．how C．what D．why 12. A．more B．again C．another D．one 13. A．forget B．carry C．leave D．rent 14. A．nobody B．somebody C．no one D．everybody 15. A．changed B．admired C．competed D．recognized 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述一个非常害羞的小男孩唐尼因为害怕犯错误，从来不敢回答问题。这种现状却在来了一位新老师玛丽安后而改变了，这位老师以一块橡皮为例告诉他每个人都会犯错误，这是你必须要面对和学会的。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以从错误中得到很多。A. take拿；B. make制作；C. get得到；D. bring带来。由下文“from our mistakes”以及下文中“He knew that everyone had the permission (允许) to make mistakes as long as you learned them and tried again.”可知，这里指我们从错误中学习从而“得到”很多。故选C项。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唐尼是个害羞的学生，在课堂上从不回答问题。A. curious好奇的；B. shy害羞的；C. confident自信的；D. outgoing外向的。由下文“never answered questions in class”可推知，唐尼是个“害羞的”学生。故选B项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他害怕犯错。A. excited兴奋的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. confused困惑的；D. afraid害怕的。由下文“he didn’t want to make any mistakes”可知，这里指唐尼课堂上不回答问题是“害怕”犯错。故选D项。 4. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他从未完成作业，因为他不想犯任何错误。A. because因为；B. so所以；C. if如果；D. but但是。由上文“He never finished his homework ”和下文“he didn’t want to make any mistakes”可知，前后两句为因果关系。此处阐述的是原因。故选A项。 5. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：直到老师玛丽·安妮来到我们班，一切才改变。A. after在……之后；B. while然而，尽管；C. until直到；D. when当。由下文“Marry Anne, a teacher, came to our 　6　”以及下文“Donnie ___15___ a lot from then on. He knew that everyone had the permission (允许) to make mistakes as long as you learned them and tried again.”可知，这里指“直到”玛丽·安妮到来才改变了唐尼。故选C项。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到老师玛丽·安妮来到我们班，一切才改变。A. company公司；B. class班级，班；C. team队；D. classroom教室。由上文“Donnie was a ___2___ student and never answered questions in class.”以及下文“One morning, Marry Anne asked Donnie to 7 some questions. ”可知，这里指直到玛丽·安妮来到“班”上教学。故选B项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，玛丽·安妮问唐尼一些问题。A. answer回答；B. ask问；C. explore探索；D. quit退出，停止。由下文“some questions”以及语境可知，这里指老师叫唐尼“回答”问题。故选A项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：玛丽突然从桌子上拿了一盒橡皮。A. Suddenly突然；B. Unluckily不幸的是；C. Luckily幸运的是；D. Extremely极其地。由下文“Marry Anne got a box full of erasers from the desk”以及语境可知，这里指老师“突然”拿了一盒橡皮。故选A项。 9. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：“看，唐尼，”她站在他旁边说。A. on关于，在……之上；B. with与，和……在一起；C. beside在……旁边；D. to到，向，朝。由上文“she said standing”以及下文““I’ve got something to show you.””可知，这里指玛丽老师站在唐尼“旁边”。故选C项。 10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她拿出橡皮，一个接一个，把它们放在桌子上。A. worked out算出；B. cut out切断；C. took out取出；D. checked out结账离开，核实。由下文“one at a time, and put them on the desk”可知，这里指玛丽老师从盒子里“取出”橡皮。故选C项。 11. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：你知道橡皮是怎么变得越来越小的吗？A. when什么时候；B. how如何；C. what什么；D. why为什么。由下文“That’s because we make mistakes. ”可知，这里指玛丽老师问“为什么”橡皮是怎么变得越来越小。故选D项。 12. 考查副词和代词词义辨析。句意：但我们会抹去错误，再试一次。A. more更多；B. again再次；C. another另一个；D. one一个。由上文“we erase the mistakes and try ”可知，这里指我们会擦掉错误然后“再次”尝试。故选B项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会在你的桌子上留一块橡皮，这样你就会记住每个人都会犯错。A. forget忘记；B. carry携带；C. leave离开，留；D. rent租借，出租。由下文“one eraser on your desk”以及语境可知，这里指“留”一块橡皮在你的桌子。故选C项。 14. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：我会在你的桌子上留一块橡皮，这样你就会记住每个人都会犯错。A. nobody没有人；B. somebody某人；C. no one没有人；D. everybody每个人。由上文“Each of us makes mistakes from time to time.”可知，这里指“每个人”都会犯错。故选D项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，唐尼改变了很多。A. changed改变；B. admired钦佩；C. competed竞争；D. recognized认识，辨别出。由下文“He knew that everyone had the permission (允许) to make mistakes as long as you learned them and tried again.”可知，这里指唐尼有了新的认识，所以“改变”很多。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·贵州贵阳·期中）A little girl in Dayton, Maine, has unknowingly changed her school’s culture when she became the first and only deaf student to attend. Morey Belanger was diagnosed (诊断) with a rare disease when she was one year old. The disease brought her 1 loss. Therefore, she has to use sign language to 2 . When she reached school age, her parents were 3 about how she could receive education in normal schools. 4 , they met with Dayton Consolidated School. The school was willing to learn sign language and provide the services she 5 . Still, Morey’s mother Shannon only 6 that the teachers would teach her daughter sign language. Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it. “It makes our whole family feel 7 ,” Shannon says. People throughout the school are trying their best to 8 what’s best for her. They made Morey feel she was 9 and loved. For example, the school hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language 10 were given. “We did these things 11 they are the right things to do.” says Kim Sampietro, the school’s headteacher. Morey and her need to learn sign language also had a(n) 12 on the school. “I think it’s a chance for learning and growth when we have a child who has something 13 ,” says Sampietro. “She’ll be with the same class through 5th grade, so I imagine all these kids will 14 to learn sign language. It just makes her feel like she’s 15 of the school.” 1. A．hearing B．smell C．weight D．memory 2. A．describe B．practice C．participate D．communicate 3. A．certain B．careless C．confused D．positive 4. A．Normally B．Regularly C．Simply D．Fortunately 5. A．demanded B．needed C．overlooked D．refused 6. A．discovered B．expected C．ordered D．stressed 7. A．excited B．annoyed C．moved D．puzzled 8. A．deliver B．provide C．prove D．seek 9. A．admired B．believed C．challenged D．respected 10. A．performances B．explanations C．interviews D．examinations 11. A．if B．though C．because D．unless 12. A．comment B．effect C．limitation D．vote 13. A．extreme B．strange C．secret D．different 14. A．continue B．volunteer C．decide D．manage 15. A．center B．part C．basis D．spirit 【答案】 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dayton联合学校不但接受了聋哑女孩Maine，并且整个学校的人都在尽最大努力为她提供最好的服务的故事。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这病使她丧失了听力。A. hearing听力；B. smell嗅觉；C. weight重量；D. memory记忆。根据后文“Therefore, she has to use sign language to 　　2　　.”可知，这病使Maine丧失了听力，她不得不用手语进行交流。故选A项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她不得不使用手语进行交流。A. describe描写；B. practice练习；C. participate参加；D. communicate交流。根据前文“The disease brought her 　　1　　 loss. Therefore, she has to use sign language to”可知，这病使Maine丧失了听力，她用手语进行交流。故选D项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她到了上学的年龄，她的父母对她如何在普通学校接受教育感到困惑。A. certain确定的；B. careless粗心的；C. confused困惑的；D. positive积极的。根据前文“The disease brought her 　　1　　 loss. Therefore, she has to use sign language to 　　2　　.”和后文“about how she could receive education in normal schools”可知，Maine丧失了听力，用手语进行交流，她的父母对她如何在普通学校接受教育感到困惑。故选C项。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们遇到了Dayton联合学校。A. Normally通常；B. Regularly定期；C. Simply简单地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据前文“When she reached school age, her parents were　　3　　 about how she could receive education in normal schools.”和后文“The school was willing to learn sign language and provide the services she 　　5　　.”可知，Maine是个聋哑儿童，幸运的是，Dayton联合学校愿意学手语接受她入学。故选D项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校愿意学习手语，并为她提供所需的服务。A. demanded要求；B. needed需要；C. overlooked忽视；D. refused拒绝。根据第二段中“The disease brought her 　　1　　 loss. Therefore, she has to use sign language to 　　2　　.”和“The school was willing to learn sign language and provide the services she”可知，Maine丧失了听力，用手语进行交流，学校愿意学习手语，并为她提供所需的服务。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Maine的母亲Shannon只期望老师们教她的女儿手语。A. discovered发现；B. expected期望；C. ordered预定；D. stressed强调。根据后文“that the teachers would teach her daughter sign language. Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it.”可知，Maine的母亲Shannon只期望老师们教她的女儿手语。故选B项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这让我们全家都很感动，”Shannon说。A. excited兴奋的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. moved感动的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据前文“Still, Morey’s mother Shannon only 　　6　　 that the teachers would teach her daughter sign language. Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it.”可知，老师教所有人手语，所有人都能和女儿交流，这件事令Shannon全家都很感动。故选C项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个学校的人都在尽最大努力为她提供最好的东西。A. deliver递送；B. provide提供；C. prove证明；D. seek寻求。根据前文老师教所有人手语可知，整个学校的人都在尽最大努力为Maine提供最好的东西。故选B项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让Maine感到自己受到尊重和爱护。A. admired崇拜；B. believed相信；C. challenged挑战；D. respected尊重。根据后文“For example, the school hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language 　　10　　 were given.”可知，学校努力让Maine感到受到尊重和爱护。故选D项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，学校在走廊上悬挂手语海报，举办派对，进行手语表演。A. performances表演；B. explanations解释；C. interviews采访；D. examinations考试。根据前文“the school hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language”可知，学校组织进行手语表演。故选A项。 11. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我们做这些事情是因为它们是正确的事情。”学校的校长Kim Sampietro说。A. if如果；B. though虽然；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据前文“We did these things”和后文“they are the right things to do”可知，校长Kim Sampietro说，他们做这些事情是因为它们是正确的事情。故选C项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maine和她学习手语的需要也对学校产生了影响。A. comment评论；B. effect影响；C. limitation限制；D. vote投票。根据后文““I think it’s a chance for learning and growth when we have a child who has something 　　13　　,” says Sampietro.”可知，Maine和她学习手语的需要对学校产生了影响，这对学校来说是一个学习和成长的机会。故选B项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我认为，当我们有一个与众不同的孩子时，这是一个学习和成长的机会，”Sampietro说。A. extreme极其的；B. strange奇怪的；C. secret秘密的；D. different不同的。根据前文Morey用手语进行交流，学校老师教授孩子手语可知，Sampietro说，当学校有一个与众不同的孩子时，这对学校而言是一个学习和成长的机。故选D项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会在同一个班级上到五年级，所以我想所有这些孩子都会继续学习手语。A. continue继续；B. volunteer志愿；C. decide决定；D. manage管理。根据前文“She’ll be with the same class through 5th grade, so I imagine all these kids will”和后文“to learn sign language”可知，Maine继续在学校上学，学校的孩子继续学习手语。故选A项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让她觉得自己是学校的一部分。A. center中心；B. part部分；C. basis基础；D. spirit精神。根据前文“She’ll be with the same class through 5th grade, so I imagine all these kids will 　　14　　 to learn sign language. It just makes her feel like she’s”和后文“of the school”可知，Maine继续在学校上学，学校的孩子继续学习手语，这会让她觉得自己是学校的一部分。故选B项。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·云南昭通·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Attending senior high school 1 (mean) a new beginning in your life. Most of you look forward to the first day of high school, 2 still feel a little bit nervous. In order to make your high school life much easier, you can follow these 3 (suggest). Firstly, the change of ideas is 4 (real) important for you to attend senior high school. One of the features of senior high school life is that you need to think, judge and act by 5 (you). You can ask for help from your teachers, but don’t forget to depend on your own ability. Secondly, to build 6 good relation net is another important thing. 7 (learn) to get along with classmates and forming new friendships are 8 (help) to your school life and future. Thirdly, you should balance study and play. Play has to come second to your study, and teachers and parents who care about you won’t be around to make sure that happens. Finally, you should develop a positive attitude towards pressure (压力). It is reported that many students have psychological problems. The ability 9 (relax) and face difficulty is as important as the ability to learn. Keep it 10 mind: well begun is half done. 【答案】 1. means 2. but 3. suggestions 4. really 5. yourself/yourselves 6. a 7. Learning 8. helpful 9. to relax 10. in 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了刚刚进入高中时会遇到的问题，并针对问题给出了相应的解决办法。 1. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：上高中意味着你人生的一个新的开始。动名词“Attending senior high school”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，句子陈述的是客观事实，所以用“means”。故填means。 2. 考查连词。句意：大多数人都期待着高中的第一天，但仍然感到有点紧张。根据句意可知，“Most of you look forward to the first day of high school”（你们大多数人都期待着高中的第一天）和“still feel a little bit nervous”（仍然感到有点紧张）之间是转折关系，故用连词“but”连接。故填but。 3. 考查名词复数形式。句意：为了让你的高中生活更轻松，你可以遵循这些建议。“these”（这些）后接可数名词复数，“suggest”（建议）的名词形式是“suggestion”，所以此处用 “suggestions”。“follow these suggestions”表示“遵循这些建议”。故填suggestions。 4. 考查副词。句意：首先，观念的改变对你上高中是非常重要的。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处修饰形容词“important”，要用副词形式，“real”的副词是“really”，表示“真正地”。故填really。 5. 考查代词。句意：高中生活的特点之一就是你/你们需要自己思考、判断和行动。“by oneself/ by oneselves” 是固定短语，意为 “独自；靠自己”，根据主语 “you” 可知，这里用 “yourself”或者“yourselves”。故填yourself/ yourselves。 6. 考查冠词。句意：其次，建立一个良好的关系网是另一件重要的事情。根据句意可知，表示泛指“建立一个良好的关系网”，应用不定冠词修饰，“good”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 7. 考查动名词。句意：学会与同学相处，建立新的友谊对你的学校生活和未来都有帮助。分析句子结构，“____ ( learn) to get along with classmates and forming new friendships”是句子的主语，“and”连接两个并列的动名词短语作主语，所以用“Learning”。故填Learning。 8. 考查形容词。句意：学会与同学相处，建立新的友谊对你的学校生活和未来都有帮助。“be helpful to...”是固定短语，意为“对……有帮助”，所以此处填“helpful”。故填helpful。 9. 考查动词不定式。句意：放松和面对困难的能力与学习能力同样重要。“the ability to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为“做某事的能力”，所以用动词不定式“to relax”作后置定语。故填to relax。 10. 考查固定短语。句意：记住：良好的开端是成功的一半。“keep sth. in mind”是固定短语，意为“记住某事”，所以此处填“in”。故填in。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·安徽亳州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tian Hua is a new student at a school in America. She is studying at 1 American high school for one year. In China, Tian Hua was in Grade 1 at senior high school, but in America, she is in Grade 10! She was lacking in 2 (confident) when she arrived. In the 3 (begin), she had difficulty understanding what the people said because they spoke too quickly, but soon she found that if she concentrated 4 the ideas, not the single words, she could understand! She also 5 (make) friends and began to explore the city with 6 (they). Her new friends were happy 7 (explain) things to her after class. Her favourite class is chemistry because the teacher lets the students do cool 8 (experiment)! Tian Hua is not sure 9 well she will do at school this year, but she is not nervous any more. She is 10 (excite)! 【答案】 1. an 2. confidence 3. beginning 4. on/upon 5. made 6. them 7. to explain 8. experiments 9. how 10. excited 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国学生田华在美国高中的学习和生活经历，她逐渐适应了新环境并结交了朋友。 1. 考查冠词。句意：她正在一所美国高中学习一年。根据空后的“American high school”，这里需要一个不定冠词来修饰“American high school”，表示泛指，American是以元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 2. 考查名词。句意：她刚到的时候缺乏自信。空前in是介词，后接名词作宾语，confidence“自信”是不可数名词。故填confidence。 3. 考查名词。句意：一开始，她很难理解人们说的话，因为他们说得太快了，但她很快发现，如果她专注于思想，而不是单个的词，她就能理解！in the beginning“起初”，是固定短语。故填beginning。 4. 考查介词。句意：一开始，她很难理解人们说的话，因为他们说得太快了，但她很快发现，如果她专注于思想，而不是单个的词，她就能理解！concentrate on/upon“专注于”，是固定短语。故填on/ upon。 5. 考查动词时态。句意：她还交了朋友，开始和他们一起探索这座城市。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据空后并列谓语“began”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故填made。 6. 考查代词。句意：她还交了朋友，开始和他们一起探索这座城市。空处用人称代词指代前面提到的“friends”，作介词with的宾语，应用宾格形式。故填them。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的新朋友很高兴在课后向她解释事情。be happy to do sth.“很高兴做某事”，是固定句式。故填to explain。 8. 考查名词复数。句意：她最喜欢的课是化学，因为老师让学生做很酷的实验！experiment“实验”是可数名词，在化学课上，学生通常会进行多个不同的实验，需用其复数形式表泛指。故填experiments。 9. 考查宾语从句。句意：田华不确定今年在学校的表现会如何，但她已经不再紧张了。根据空后well可知，此处需用how引导宾语从句，表示“如何”或“怎么样”，在从句中作状语。故填how。 10. 考查形容词。句意：她很兴奋！此处需用形容词excited“兴奋的”作表语，描述田华的感受。故填excited。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东聊城·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Studying abroad is an exciting experience, giving you the opportunity to learn more about the traditions and cultures of the host country and its people. Apart from the excellent 1 (educate) I received during my three years in England, I also made a wide circle of friends and improved my language skills. I learned how 2 (deal) with various problems, and as a result, I have become more 3 (depend) and self-confident. I studied English Literature and when I first arrived I had trouble 4 (understand) some of the accents and the slang (俚语) 5 are in everyday use. However, making many friends and doing a part-time job have helped improve my English. Now I am a much more fluent and natural speaker. 6 biggest problems I faced were finding somewhere to live when I did not know the area well, getting the electricity and phone 7 (connect) and learning to look after myself. I had to get used to shopping, cooking and doing the housework, as well as studying and working, so I mastered the art of planning my time 8 (wise). Although adjusting to living in a new country 9 (be) not easy, learning to take care of myself helped me grow as a person. I feel I can deal with any problem now 10 a calm and confident manner, without having to immediately ask someone for help. 【答案】 1. education 2. to deal 3. independent 4. understanding 5. that/which 6. The 7. connected 8. wisely 9. was 10. in 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在英国留学期间的个人经历和成长，包括学习、交友、语言技能提升以及独立生活能力的培养等方面。 1. 考查名词。句意：在英国的三年里，除了接受了良好的教育外，我还结交了广泛的朋友，提高了我的语言能力。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，educate的名词形式是education。故填education。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我学会了如何处理各种问题，因此，我变得更加独立和自信。此处是“how+不定式的”结构作宾语，意为“怎样做某事”。故填to deal。 3. 考查形容词。句意：我学会了如何处理各种问题，因此，我变得更加独立和自信。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，且和self-confident表达意思相近，应是independent意为“独立的”符合语境。故填independent。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我学的是英国文学，当我刚到英国的时候，我很难理解一些日常使用的口音和俚语。此处是固定搭配：have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。故填understanding。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：我学的是英国文学，当我刚到英国的时候，我很难理解一些日常使用的口音和俚语。空处引导定语从句，先行词是some of the accents and the slang，在从句中作主语，用which或者that引导。故填that/which。 6. 考查冠词。句意：我面临的最大问题是在我不熟悉这个地区的情况下找地方住，接通电力和电话，学会照顾自己。空后是形容词最高级，前需用定冠词修饰，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我面临的最大问题是在我不熟悉这个地区的情况下找地方住，接通电力和电话，学会照顾自己。此处是固定搭配：get sth. done意为“使某事被做”。故填connected。 8. 考查副词。句意：我不得不习惯购物、做饭和做家务，以及学习和工作，所以我掌握了明智规划时间的艺术。空处修饰空前的动词mastered，用副词修饰。故填wisely。 9. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然适应一个新的国家的生活并不容易，但学会照顾自己帮助我成长为一个人。本句是although引导的让步状语从句，从句缺少谓语，主语是adjusting to living in a new country，动名词作主语作第三人称单数看，描述根据helped可知，用一般过去时。故填was。 10. 考查介词。句意：我觉得我现在可以冷静自信地处理任何问题，而不必马上向别人求助。此处是固定搭配：in...manner意为“以⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅方式”。故填in。 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$