Unit 2 Getting along 现在完成时（二）-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】英语八年级上册（外研版2024）

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 2 Getting along （现在完成时（二）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、现在完成时与时间段的搭配 用法介绍 本单元重点讲解现在完成时与 “for + 时间段”“since + 时间点” 的搭配，用于表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，强调动作的延续性。 时间标志 结构 含义 示例 for + 时间段 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + for + 时间段 持续了…… 时间 She has lived here for five years.（她在这里住了五年了。） since + 时间点 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 时间点 从…… 开始一直…… He has taught English since 2015.（他从 2015 年起就教英语了。） since + 一般过去时从句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 从句 自从…… 以来一直…… I have known her since we were children.（自从我们还是孩子时我就认识她了。） 注意事项 1. 延续性动词的使用：与 for/since 连用时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词（如 live、work、know），不可用短暂性动词（如 come、go、die）（错误：He has left for a month. 正确：He has been away for a month.）。 2. 时间点与时间段的区分：since 后接具体时间点（如 2020 年、last week），for 后接时间段（如 three days、two years），不可混淆（错误：I have waited since two hours. 正确：I have waited for two hours.）。 3. 时态一致性：since 引导的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时（如 She has changed a lot since she graduated.）。 二、现在完成时的量的积累与影响表达 用法介绍 现在完成时可表示到目前为止的动作数量积累，或过去动作对现在的影响，强调 “结果” 或 “总量”。 用法类型 示例 量的积累（数量、次数） I have read 10 English novels this term.（这学期我已经读了 10 本英文小说。） 过去动作对现在的影响 He has broken his leg.（他摔断了腿。→ 现在无法走路） 经验性动作（曾经做过） They have visited Paris twice.（他们去过巴黎两次。） 注意事项 1. “次数” 的表达：一次用 once，两次用 twice，三次及以上用 “基数词 + times”（如 three times、five times）。 2. 与一般过去时的区分：若仅强调 “过去做过”，用一般过去时；若强调 “到现在为止的积累或影响”，用现在完成时（如 “我去年读了 5 本书” 用 I read 5 books last year.；“我已经读了 5 本书” 用 I have read 5 books.）。 3. ever 与 never 的使用：ever 用于疑问句表 “曾经”，never 用于否定句表 “从未”（如 Have you ever tried sushi? / She has never been late.）。 三、现在完成时的句式转换与易错点 用法介绍 现在完成时的句式转换需遵循 “have/has 提前”“否定加 not” 的规则，同时需注意特殊疑问句的结构。 句式转换 示例 肯定句变否定句 He has finished his work. → He hasn’t finished his work. 肯定句变一般疑问句 They have lived here for years. → Have they lived here for years? 对时间段提问（用 how long） She has studied Chinese for 3 years. → How long has she studied Chinese? 对时间点提问（用 when） We have known each other since 2018. → When have you known each other? 注意事项 1. 特殊疑问句的语序：特殊疑问词后需接 “have/has + 主语” 的陈述语序（错误：How long have lived they here? 正确：How long have they lived here?）。 2. 短暂性动词的转换：若原句用短暂性动词，变否定句或与时间段连用时，需转换为延续性动词（如 He borrowed the book last week. → He has kept the book for a week.）。 3. already 与 yet 的位置：already 用于肯定句，放 have/has 之后；yet 用于否定句和疑问句，放句末（如 I have already finished. / Have you finished yet? / I haven’t finished yet.）。 一、单项选择 1. （23-24八年级上·河北承德·期中）She ________ in the pool since half an hour ago. A．is swimming B．swims C．has swum D．swam 2. （23-24八年级上·河北沧州·期中）—Are you writing to Tony? —Yes. I ________ in touch with him for many years by writing letters. A．keep B．kept C．will keep D．have kept 3. （23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—Do you still play tennis? —Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years. A．didn’t play B．haven’t played C．played D．plays 4. （23-24八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）Miss Li ________ in Shenyang since she ________ school. A．has worked, has left B．worked, left C．worked, has left D．has worked, left 5. （23-24八年级上·上海杨浦·期中）Once a fishing village, Shanghai ________ into an international city since the opening of its port. A．develops B．has developed C．is developing D．developed 6. （23-24八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期中）I ________ three English e-mails to Jack since we made friends last term. A．write B．wrote C．have written D．am writing 7. （23-24八年级上·河北张家口·期中）Ms. Wu ________ us English since we came to this school. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．is teaching 8. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Steven ________ sick since last Sunday. He needs to see the doctor. A．be B．was C．has been D．is 9. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Look at the young teacher, she ________ English for ten years. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．taught 10. （23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Mr. and Mrs. Williams __________ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA． A．had worked B．have worked C．work D．are working 11．（22-23八年级上·河北唐山·期中）Miss Lin _______ us English since we came to this school. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．is teaching 12．（22-23八年级上·河北保定·期中）—Perfect photos, good skills! —Thank you! I ________ to take photos since I was seven years old. A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．was learning 13．（22-23八年级上·河北保定·期中）I’m looking after Tom today. He has been in my house ________ 8:00 this morning. A．at B．for C．since D．in 14．（21-22八年级上·天津河西·期中）Mr. Wang ________ English in this school ________ he moved to the city. A．has taught; for B．taught; since C．taught; for D．has taught; since 15．（22-23八年级上·河北保定·期中）—Your pencil box is really old. —Yes. I ______ it since I was six. A．have B．will have C．have had D．am having 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）The little girl (read) many books since she was five years old. 2. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Mr Wang (teach) in this school for twenty years. 3. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）I (not see) my English-speaking friends for a long time. I miss them. 4. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）I simply gave in to him, and I (regret) it ever since. 5. （23-24八年级上·甘肃天水·期中）He (study) Chinese for two months. 6. （21-22八年级上·广东·期中）S then, Annie hasn’t seen her sister any more. 7. （21-22八年级上·上海虹口·期中）The excitement of Abdulrazak Gurnah winning of the Nobel Prize in Literature the public attention from internet to bookstores since people got the news. (sweep) 8. （21-22八年级上·甘肃白银·期中）Jim (not write) a letter to his friend for two years. 9. （21-22八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）The telephone (ring) four times since I entered this room. 10. （21-22八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）She (not read) books since yesterday. 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·广东汕头·期末）One day, a little mouse was thirsty. She 1 everywhere for water to drink. She climbed up on a table. And she saw a bottle on the table. The mouth 2 the bottle was big. The little mouse looked inside the bottle. “Ahh, there is 3 milk in it. That’s great.” She went into it and drank. She drank and drank. After a moment, 4 drank enough. Her stomach was too big and she 5 come out of the bottle. She cried for help. Just then a cat came up to the table. When he heard the cry, the cat jumped onto the table so 6 . “You will be my nice lunch.” The little mouse was very clever 7 she thought for a moment and said, “ Brother Cat, you mustn’t roll the bottle.” “Why?” asked the cat. “I would get dizzy (头晕的),” said the mouse. The cat said that he would let her 8 quickly. So he began to roll the bottle. Suddenly, 9 bottle fell down onto the floor and broke into pieces. The little mouse ran away as 10 as she could. When the cat jumped off the table and ran after her, the mouse had already gone into her home. 1. A．look B．looked C．looks 2. A．of B．in C．with 3. A．little B．a little C．few 4. A．she B．her C．hers 5. A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t 6. A．happy B．happiness C．happily 7. A．but B．or C．and 8. A．dying B．die C．to die 9. A．an B．a C．the 10. A．fast B．faster C．fastest Passage 2 （22-23八年级上·山东临沂·期中）The American writer Sally Seaman tells young students some smart ways 1 friends. Sally says starting friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and then you need to care about it to make it 2 . First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It’s not because a person has good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. 3 example, if you have a bad day, a good friend could listen to you complain and do his or 4 best to help you. To make a friend, you can’t be too shy. You should make each other 5 and share you lives. But things can not 6 be happy. Even the best friends have 7 . What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him 8 . If he or she doesn’t want to talk, you can write a letter. There are three steps to be friends again: Tell him or her 9 you are feeling，say what your friend has done wrong and explain(解释) why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is one of 10 important things. 1. A．find B．finds C．to find 2. A．grow B．growing C．grew 3. A．For B．By C．To 4. A．my B．your C．her 5. A．sad B．serious C．happy 6. A．always B．hardly C．never 7. A．discussions B．fights C．reasons 8. A．care B．carefully C．careful 9. A．why B．what C．how 10. A．much B．more C．the most Passage 3 （21-22八年级上·广东韶关·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Patrick and Grant are best friends. But one day, the two boys stopped 1 to each other. When they were walking home from school that day, they talked about their homework. Grant wanted his friend to do it for him, so he could spend more time 2 basketball. “No way! I can’t help you like that,” said Patrick. “We must know what things in life are 3 to us.” “You don’t want to help me. What a friend!” Grant said angrily(生气地). Patrick was not happy, 4 . He said, “You can say whatever(任何) you want, 5 I don’t think I can help you in that way.” Over the following(后面的) days, they didn’t talk to each other and they both 6 bad. When Patrick’s parents found out why, they asked him 7 how to help his best friend. And Grant knew that it was 8 fault(过错) for starting this argument(争吵). A few days later, there was a school basketball game. Patrick and Grant both went to watch it. At the end of the game, the two old friends’ eyes met. Grant came over and said sorry 9 Patrick. Patrick smiled(微笑) back. On that day, the two boys 10 a plan(计划). First, they would work on their homework after school and then they would play basketball. 1. A．talk B．talked C．to talk D．talking 2. A．play B．plays C．playing D．to play 3. A．importanter B．much important C．more important D．little important 4. A．either B．also C．too D．still 5. A．so B．and C．but D．or 6. A．feel B．feels C．are feeling D．felt 7. A．think B．thinking C．to think D．thought 8. A．he B．his C．she D．her 9. A．for B．to C．with D．in 10. A．made B．makes C．make D．are making 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·河北邯郸·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 I’m Amy. My good friend is Mary. She is also my neighbor She is fourteen years old. And I am one year 1 (young) than her. She is very friendly and outgoing, 2 she has many friends. She is 3 (talent) in music and wants to be a 4 (success) singer when she grows up. Mary started to learn to sing at the age of six. She practices 5 (sing) every day. I love listening to her songs. When we are together, we always share something interesting with each other. My favorite 6 (say) is, “A friend in need is a friend indeed. ” Mary is 7 friend like this because she’s always there to listen. Mary is very busy because she studies photography (摄影) in 8 (she) free time. She took lots of 9 (photo). They were all very wonderful. Last week, she was the 10 (win) in a photo competition. That’s fantastic! Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·山东烟台·期中）May Contain Nuts is a famous book in the UK. It describes Alice’s “love” for her daughter Molly. In the book, Alice always 1 (provide) Molly with anything she wants. To help her daughter get into a top school, Alice makes a decision. She 2 (dress) up as Molly to take the test. Parents like Alice are called “helicopter parents (直升机家长)”. In fact, this kind of parenting is not good for children’s 3 (develop). What’s worse, the children may feel under pressure. So, how should parents get on 4 their children properly? Here are three ways. Firstly, be a good listener. Don’t decide everything for your children without 5 (ask) them. Learn to listen to your children. Show that you care about their 6 (opinion) by asking them “how” and “why” questions. 7 (second), lower (降低) your expectations of them. Do not always expect your kids to be the best 8 everyone is special in a certain filed (某个领域). Don’t push your kids so hard. Thirdly, share your experiences with them. See your children as your friends. When they have problems, you need 9 (communicate) with them. Let them know what problems you had in the past, how you 10 (solve) them and what you learned from them. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·山东枣庄·期中）阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 Paul and Carol were best friends. They lived close 1 each other, so they went to school together. One day, when Paul and Carol 2 (reach) the classroom, the teacher introduced (介绍) a new classmate to the class. Her name is Lisa. Lisa was a very lovely girl. She sat next to Carol. At lunchtime, Carol asked Lisa to sit with her and Paul. Paul was excited, because he expected 3 (talk) to their new friend. But he could 4 (hard) speak to Lisa. She was busy talking with Carol. And Carol gave her cake to Lisa. Carol usually gave it to Paul! After school, Carol and Lisa talked about their 5 (plan) for the summer. It made Paul feel unhappy. So, he didn’t say 6 (something) to them. When Carol was ready 7 (go) home, Paul was waiting for her. He looked sad. He said to Carol, “You’ re my best friend, but today you talked with Lisa all the time. You gave your cake to her, and I heard you talking about the summer plans. I feel 8 that she is your best friend! You like her better.” Carol felt sorry for what she did. She said to Paul, “Don’t be so sad, Paul. She can’t take 9 (you) place in my heart. But we three can be best friends. Let’s play 10 her together tomorrow.” Passage 4 （23-24八年级上·山东东营·期中）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（必要时可加情态动词或助动词）。 Parents are the first teachers of their children. Now more and more people in Beijing 1 (study) in school again only because they have become parents. Ding Rong, a teacher from the Fourth Middle School of Beijing, said, “Many parents either love their children too much or behave (表现) badly to them. They know little about home education and thus make mistakes. If they learn some knowledge, they 2 (communicate) with their children better.” Because of this situation, parents’ schools are badly needed (急需). “I will return to school next month and it will help me treat my children in a better way,” said Xiao Chengjun, a 40-year-old woman worker. “I decided 3 (learn) it when someone asked me the question ‘Do you really know your child?’” One pupil complained (抱怨) that his father always left so much smoke in the living room that he couldn’t do his homework there. Another 4 (write) that his father played mahjong (打麻将) at night while he 5 (sleep). The noise always woke him up. “It’s the father’s fault not to educate his son himself.” is an old saying. “But it’s also the father’s fault if he 6 (set) his son a bad example. I think the parents should let their children 7 (make) their own decisions. The parents should do what they 8 (do) to help their kids grow up,” said Zhen Yan. A parent said, “I have studied in the parents’ school for one year. After 9 (go) to the school, I know more about my child and she also understands me more. Every night I study in the school after dinner. I like study there so much.” Do you think your parents know how 10 (teach) you properly? Do you want them to enter parents’ schools? 10 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 2 Getting along （现在完成时（二）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、现在完成时与时间段的搭配 用法介绍 本单元重点讲解现在完成时与 “for + 时间段”“since + 时间点” 的搭配，用于表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，强调动作的延续性。 时间标志 结构 含义 示例 for + 时间段 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + for + 时间段 持续了…… 时间 She has lived here for five years.（她在这里住了五年了。） since + 时间点 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 时间点 从…… 开始一直…… He has taught English since 2015.（他从 2015 年起就教英语了。） since + 一般过去时从句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 从句 自从…… 以来一直…… I have known her since we were children.（自从我们还是孩子时我就认识她了。） 注意事项 1. 延续性动词的使用：与 for/since 连用时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词（如 live、work、know），不可用短暂性动词（如 come、go、die）（错误：He has left for a month. 正确：He has been away for a month.）。 2. 时间点与时间段的区分：since 后接具体时间点（如 2020 年、last week），for 后接时间段（如 three days、two years），不可混淆（错误：I have waited since two hours. 正确：I have waited for two hours.）。 3. 时态一致性：since 引导的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时（如 She has changed a lot since she graduated.）。 二、现在完成时的量的积累与影响表达 用法介绍 现在完成时可表示到目前为止的动作数量积累，或过去动作对现在的影响，强调 “结果” 或 “总量”。 用法类型 示例 量的积累（数量、次数） I have read 10 English novels this term.（这学期我已经读了 10 本英文小说。） 过去动作对现在的影响 He has broken his leg.（他摔断了腿。→ 现在无法走路） 经验性动作（曾经做过） They have visited Paris twice.（他们去过巴黎两次。） 注意事项 1. “次数” 的表达：一次用 once，两次用 twice，三次及以上用 “基数词 + times”（如 three times、five times）。 2. 与一般过去时的区分：若仅强调 “过去做过”，用一般过去时；若强调 “到现在为止的积累或影响”，用现在完成时（如 “我去年读了 5 本书” 用 I read 5 books last year.；“我已经读了 5 本书” 用 I have read 5 books.）。 3. ever 与 never 的使用：ever 用于疑问句表 “曾经”，never 用于否定句表 “从未”（如 Have you ever tried sushi? / She has never been late.）。 三、现在完成时的句式转换与易错点 用法介绍 现在完成时的句式转换需遵循 “have/has 提前”“否定加 not” 的规则，同时需注意特殊疑问句的结构。 句式转换 示例 肯定句变否定句 He has finished his work. → He hasn’t finished his work. 肯定句变一般疑问句 They have lived here for years. → Have they lived here for years? 对时间段提问（用 how long） She has studied Chinese for 3 years. → How long has she studied Chinese? 对时间点提问（用 when） We have known each other since 2018. → When have you known each other? 注意事项 1. 特殊疑问句的语序：特殊疑问词后需接 “have/has + 主语” 的陈述语序（错误：How long have lived they here? 正确：How long have they lived here?）。 2. 短暂性动词的转换：若原句用短暂性动词，变否定句或与时间段连用时，需转换为延续性动词（如 He borrowed the book last week. → He has kept the book for a week.）。 3. already 与 yet 的位置：already 用于肯定句，放 have/has 之后；yet 用于否定句和疑问句，放句末（如 I have already finished. / Have you finished yet? / I haven’t finished yet.）。 一、单项选择 1. （23-24八年级上·河北承德·期中）She ________ in the pool since half an hour ago. A．is swimming B．swims C．has swum D．swam 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她半小时前就在游泳池里游泳了。 考查动词时态。根据“since half an hour ago”可知，此句用现在完成时，结构为has/have done，故选C。 2. （23-24八年级上·河北沧州·期中）—Are you writing to Tony? —Yes. I ________ in touch with him for many years by writing letters. A．keep B．kept C．will keep D．have kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你在给托尼写信吗？——是的。多年来，我通过写信与他保持联系。 考查时态。根据“for many years”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 3. （23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—Do you still play tennis? —Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years. A．didn’t play B．haven’t played C．played D．plays 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你仍然打网球吗？——哦，不了。过去两年我没有打网球。 考查动词时态。根据“for the past two years.”可知，该句是现在完成时，表示过去的行为持续到现在的情况，故选B。 4. （23-24八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）Miss Li ________ in Shenyang since she ________ school. A．has worked, has left B．worked, left C．worked, has left D．has worked, left 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李老师从学校毕业后就在沈阳工作。 考查时态。根据“Miss Li...in Shenyang since she...school”可知自从离开学校就在沈阳工作，主句用现在完成时have/has done；从句用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 5. （23-24八年级上·上海杨浦·期中）Once a fishing village, Shanghai ________ into an international city since the opening of its port. A．develops B．has developed C．is developing D．developed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上海曾经是一个渔村，自从开埠以来，它已经发展成为一个国际城市。 考查现在完成时态。根据“since the opening of its port”可知，句子要用现在完成时have/has done，故选B。 6. （23-24八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期中）I ________ three English e-mails to Jack since we made friends last term. A．write B．wrote C．have written D．am writing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我们上学期成为朋友以来，我已经给杰克发了三封英语邮件。 考查动词时态。根据“since we made friends last term”可知，主句中时态应使用现在完成时。故选C。 7. （23-24八年级上·河北张家口·期中）Ms. Wu ________ us English since we came to this school. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．is teaching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我们来到这所学校吴老师就教我们英语了。 考查动词的时态。teaches一般现在时；taught一般过去时；has taught现在完成时；is teaching现在进行时。分析句子可知，此处含since引导时间状语从句，根据“came”可知，从句为一般过去时，主句应该用现在完成时have/has done，故选C。 8. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Steven ________ sick since last Sunday. He needs to see the doctor. A．be B．was C．has been D．is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Steven从上个星期天开始就生病了。他需要去看医生。 考查现在完成时。根据“Steven...sick since last Sunday.”可知，“since last Sunday”提示句子用现在完成时，谓语结构是have/has done。故选C。 9. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Look at the young teacher, she ________ English for ten years. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．taught 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看那位年轻的老师，她已经教了十年英语了。 考查动词时态辨析。teaches教，一般现在时，动词三单形式；is teaching正在教；has taught已经教了，现在完成时；taught过去教，过去式。结合“for three years”可知，该句应现在完成时，表示过去的动作一直持续到现在，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为she，助动词用has，teach用过去分词形式taught。故选C。 10. （23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Mr. and Mrs. Williams __________ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA． A．had worked B．have worked C．work D．are working 【答案】B 【详解】句意：威廉姆斯夫妇回到美国后一直在旧金山工作。 考查现在完成时。had worked过去完成时；have worked现在完成时；work一般现在时；are working现在进行时。分析句子结构，句子为主从复合句；“since they returned to the USA.”是since引导的时间状语从句，则主句用现在完成时。故选B。 11．（22-23八年级上·河北唐山·期中）Miss Lin _______ us English since we came to this school. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．is teaching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我来到这所学校林老师就教我们英语了。 考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，此处含since引导时间状语从句，根据“came”可知，从句为一般过去时，主句应该用现在完成时have/has done，故选C。 12．（22-23八年级上·河北保定·期中）—Perfect photos, good skills! —Thank you! I ________ to take photos since I was seven years old. A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．was learning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——完美的照片，好技术！——谢谢你！我从七岁开始学习拍照。 考查动词时态。根据“since I was seven years old”可知，此处用现在完成时（have/has done）。故选C。 13．（22-23八年级上·河北保定·期中）I’m looking after Tom today. He has been in my house ________ 8:00 this morning. A．at B．for C．since D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天我来照顾汤姆。他从今天早上8点就在我家了。 考查介词辨析。at后加具体时刻；for后加时间段；since后加时间点；in后加某年某月某季节。根据“has been”可知本句是现在完成时，应用since+时间点作时间状语。故选C。 14．（21-22八年级上·天津河西·期中）Mr. Wang ________ English in this school ________ he moved to the city. A．has taught; for B．taught; since C．taught; for D．has taught; since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从王先生搬到这个城市，他就一直在这所学校教英语。 考查现在完成时。has taught现在完成时；taught一般过去时；for后接时间段，表示动词持续；since后接时间点。根据第二空后“he moved to the city.”可知此处是一般过去时，且“moved”是短暂性动词，所以第二空应填since，排除选项A和C；本句是含since的句子，主句应用现在完成时。故选D。 15．（22-23八年级上·河北保定·期中）—Your pencil box is really old. —Yes. I ______ it since I was six. A．have B．will have C．have had D．am having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的铅笔盒太旧了。——是的。我从六岁开始就拥有它了。 考查动词时态。根据“since I was six”可知，时态用现在完成时（have done），故选C。 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）The little girl (read) many books since she was five years old. 【答案】has read 【详解】句意：这个小女孩从五岁起就读了很多书。根据“since she was five years old”和提示词汇可知，“since+句子”常用于现在完成时，主语The little girl为单数，谓语用“has+过去分词”的结构，read为动词过去分词。故填has read。 2. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）Mr Wang (teach) in this school for twenty years. 【答案】has taught 【详解】句意：王先生已经在这所学校教了二十年书了。根据“for twenty years”可知此处用现在完成时，主语是Mr Wang，结构是has+done，teach的过去分词是taught。故填has taught。 3. （23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）I (not see) my English-speaking friends for a long time. I miss them. 【答案】haven’t seen 【详解】句意：我好久没有见到我的那些说英语的朋友了。我想念他们。根据“for a long time”和提示词可知，句子使用现在完成时，用have/has+过去分词的结构。因主语为I且提示词有not，故用haven’t。故填haven’t seen。 4. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）I simply gave in to him, and I (regret) it ever since. 【答案】have regretted 【详解】句意：我只是向他屈服了，从那以后我一直后悔。根据“ever since”可知，句子使用现在完成时(have/has done)，表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。主语是I，助动词用have，动词regret的过去分词是regretted。故填have regretted。 5. （23-24八年级上·甘肃天水·期中）He (study) Chinese for two months. 【答案】has studied 【详解】句意：他学习中文已经两个月了。根据“for two months”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，主语是he，助动词用has。故填has studied。 6. （21-22八年级上·广东·期中）S then, Annie hasn’t seen her sister any more. 【答案】(S)ince 【详解】句意：从那以后，安妮再也没有见过她的妹妹。根据“S...then”以及时态是现在完成时可知，此处应填since表示“自从”。故填(S)ince。 7. （21-22八年级上·上海虹口·期中）The excitement of Abdulrazak Gurnah winning of the Nobel Prize in Literature the public attention from internet to bookstores since people got the news. (sweep) 【答案】has swept 【详解】句意：阿卜拉扎克·古尔纳获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息一出，人们的注意力就从网络上转移到了书店。sweep“扫过，（使）轻轻掠过”，是动词，根据“since people got the news”可知句子时态是现在完成时，have/has+done，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has swept。 8. （21-22八年级上·甘肃白银·期中）Jim (not write) a letter to his friend for two years. 【答案】hasn’t written 【详解】句意：Jim已经有两年没有给他的朋友写信了。根据空后的“for two years”可知，时态是现在完成时，构成：主语+have/has+动词过去分词，主语Jim是第三人称单数，所以用助动词has的否定形式hasn’t，write“写”的过去分词是written，故填hasn’t written。 9. （21-22八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）The telephone (ring) four times since I entered this room. 【答案】has rung 【详解】句意：自从我进入这个房间以来，电话响了四次。根据since可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是单数名词，助动词用has，故填has rung。 10. （21-22八年级上·甘肃定西·期中）She (not read) books since yesterday. 【答案】hasn’t read 【详解】句意：她从昨天起就没有读书了。read“读”，动词；根据时间状语since yesterday可知，此句用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，read的过去分词为“read”；主语为第三人称单数，故用助动词has，否定形式为hasn’t。故填hasn’t read。 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·广东汕头·期末）One day, a little mouse was thirsty. She 1 everywhere for water to drink. She climbed up on a table. And she saw a bottle on the table. The mouth 2 the bottle was big. The little mouse looked inside the bottle. “Ahh, there is 3 milk in it. That’s great.” She went into it and drank. She drank and drank. After a moment, 4 drank enough. Her stomach was too big and she 5 come out of the bottle. She cried for help. Just then a cat came up to the table. When he heard the cry, the cat jumped onto the table so 6 . “You will be my nice lunch.” The little mouse was very clever 7 she thought for a moment and said, “ Brother Cat, you mustn’t roll the bottle.” “Why?” asked the cat. “I would get dizzy (头晕的),” said the mouse. The cat said that he would let her 8 quickly. So he began to roll the bottle. Suddenly, 9 bottle fell down onto the floor and broke into pieces. The little mouse ran away as 10 as she could. When the cat jumped off the table and ran after her, the mouse had already gone into her home. 1. A．look B．looked C．looks 2. A．of B．in C．with 3. A．little B．a little C．few 4. A．she B．her C．hers 5. A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t 6. A．happy B．happiness C．happily 7. A．but B．or C．and 8. A．dying B．die C．to die 9. A．an B．a C．the 10. A．fast B．faster C．fastest 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只小老鼠偷喝牛奶，但是被猫发现，最后通过自己的机智顺利逃脱的故事。 1. 句意：她四处看了看，寻找能喝的水。 look动词原形；looked过去式；looks第三人称单数。根据“One day, a little mouse was thirsty.”以及全文时态可知，本句应用一般过去时，故选B。 2. 句意：瓶子的瓶嘴很大。 of属于……的；in在……内部；with和。根据“The mouth...the bottle was big.”可知，此处表示瓶子的瓶嘴，用of表示所属关系，意为“的”，故选A。 3. 句意：啊，里面有一点牛奶。 little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据“She went into it and drank.”可知瓶子里确实有牛奶，且横线后milk为不可数名词，故选B。 4. 句意：一会之后，她喝够了。 she她，人称代词主格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据“...drank enough”可知，本句缺少主语，结合选项可知应用人称代词主格，故选A。 5. 句意：她的肚子太大了，并且她不能从瓶子里出来。 wouldn’t不会；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能。根据“Her stomach was too big”可知，肚子太大导致不能出来，故选C。 6. 句意：这只猫听到哭声后，高兴地跳上桌子。 happy快乐的，形容词；happiness快乐，名词；happily快乐地，副词。根据“the cat jumped onto the table so...”可知本句结构完整，空格处缺少副词修饰动词jump，故选C。 7. 句意：这只小老鼠非常聪明，并且她想了一会说：“猫哥，你千万别滚瓶子。” but但是；or或者；and并且。根据“The little mouse was very clever...she thought for a moment and said...”可知小老鼠很聪明，想了一会就找到了逃脱的办法，空格处应用and表示承接关系，故选C。 8. 句意：猫说他会让她死的快点。 dying死，动名词或现在分词形式；die死，动词原形；to die死，不定式。根据“let her...quickly”可知，此处考查固定搭配let sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，故选B。 9. 句意：突然，瓶子掉到了地上摔成了碎片。 an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素前；a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素前；the这个，定冠词。根据“...bottle fell down onto the floor and broke into pieces”可知此处应用定冠词the，特指小老鼠被困的瓶子，故选C。 10. 句意：小老鼠尽可能快地跑走了。 fast快，形容词或副词；faster更快，比较级；fastest最快，最高级。根据“as...as she could”可知此处考查固定搭配as...as sb can/could，意为“尽可能……”，两个as中间应用形容词或副词原级。故选A。 Passage 2 （22-23八年级上·山东临沂·期中）The American writer Sally Seaman tells young students some smart ways 1 friends. Sally says starting friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and then you need to care about it to make it 2 . First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It’s not because a person has good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. 3 example, if you have a bad day, a good friend could listen to you complain and do his or 4 best to help you. To make a friend, you can’t be too shy. You should make each other 5 and share you lives. But things can not 6 be happy. Even the best friends have 7 . What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him 8 . If he or she doesn’t want to talk, you can write a letter. There are three steps to be friends again: Tell him or her 9 you are feeling，say what your friend has done wrong and explain(解释) why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is one of 10 important things. 1. A．find B．finds C．to find 2. A．grow B．growing C．grew 3. A．For B．By C．To 4. A．my B．your C．her 5. A．sad B．serious C．happy 6. A．always B．hardly C．never 7. A．discussions B．fights C．reasons 8. A．care B．carefully C．careful 9. A．why B．what C．how 10. A．much B．more C．the most 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何建立和保持友谊。 1. 句意：美国作家莎莉·希曼告诉年轻学生一些寻找朋友的聪明方法。 find动词原形；finds动词三单；to find动词不定式。ways to do sth“做某事的方法”，此处应用不定式。故选C。 2. 句意：你种下了种子，然后你需要关心它才能让它生长。 grow动词原形；growing动名词；grew过去式。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处应用动词原形。故选A。 3. 句意：例如，如果你今天过得不好，一个好朋友可以听你抱怨，并尽他或她最大的努力帮助你。 For为了；By通过；To为了。for example“例如”，表示举例，固定短语。故选A。 4. 句意：例如，如果你今天过得不好，一个好朋友可以听你抱怨，并尽他或她最大的努力帮助你。 my我的；your你的；her她的。由“do his or ... best to help you”可知，尽他或她最大的努力帮助你，his对应词是her。故选C。 5. 句意：你们应该让彼此快乐，分享你们的生活。 sad伤心的；serious严肃的；happy高兴的。根据“You should make each other ... and share you lives.”可知，朋友应该让彼此开心，分享生活。故选C。 6. 句意：但事情不可能总是让人开心的。 always总是；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据后文可知朋友之间会争吵，所以并不总是开心的。故选A。 7. 句意：即使是最好的朋友也会吵架。 discussions美味；fights争吵；reasons原因。根据“when you have a fight with your friend”可知，朋友之间会吵架。故选B。 8. 句意：你必须和他认真地交谈。 care在乎，动词；carefully认真地，副词；careful小心的，形容词。副词修饰动作talk。故选B。 9. 句意：告诉他或她你的感受，说出你的朋友做错了什么，并解释你为什么这样或那样做。 why为什么；what什么；how怎么样。根据“Tell him or her ... you are feeling”可知，告诉他或她你的感受是什么样的。故选C。 10. 句意：记住，友谊是最重要的事情之一。 much许多，原级；more更（多），比较级；the most最（多），最高级。one of the+最高级+复数。意思是“最……的……之一”。故选C。 Passage 3 （21-22八年级上·广东韶关·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Patrick and Grant are best friends. But one day, the two boys stopped 1 to each other. When they were walking home from school that day, they talked about their homework. Grant wanted his friend to do it for him, so he could spend more time 2 basketball. “No way! I can’t help you like that,” said Patrick. “We must know what things in life are 3 to us.” “You don’t want to help me. What a friend!” Grant said angrily(生气地). Patrick was not happy, 4 . He said, “You can say whatever(任何) you want, 5 I don’t think I can help you in that way.” Over the following(后面的) days, they didn’t talk to each other and they both 6 bad. When Patrick’s parents found out why, they asked him 7 how to help his best friend. And Grant knew that it was 8 fault(过错) for starting this argument(争吵). A few days later, there was a school basketball game. Patrick and Grant both went to watch it. At the end of the game, the two old friends’ eyes met. Grant came over and said sorry 9 Patrick. Patrick smiled(微笑) back. On that day, the two boys 10 a plan(计划). First, they would work on their homework after school and then they would play basketball. 1. A．talk B．talked C．to talk D．talking 2. A．play B．plays C．playing D．to play 3. A．importanter B．much important C．more important D．little important 4. A．either B．also C．too D．still 5. A．so B．and C．but D．or 6. A．feel B．feels C．are feeling D．felt 7. A．think B．thinking C．to think D．thought 8. A．he B．his C．she D．her 9. A．for B．to C．with D．in 10. A．made B．makes C．make D．are making 【答案】 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A 【导语】本文为记叙文。本文主要介绍了两位好朋友帕特里克和格兰特因为作业问题而闹矛盾，最后在帕特里克父母的帮助下他们两人重归于好，并知道好朋友应如何互相帮助。 1. 句意：但是有一天，这两个男孩子停止彼此谈话。 talk谈话，动词原形；talked谈话，动词过去式；to talk谈话，动词不定式；talking谈话，动名词。根据stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做另—件事。根据前文陈述可知，他们是好朋友，所以这里说的是有一天两人因为某种原因不说话了，应使用动名词，故选D。 2. 句意：格兰特想让他的朋友为他做作业，因此他可以花费更多的时间打篮球。 play玩，动词原形；plays玩，动词三单形式；playing玩，动名词；to play玩，动词不定式。根据spend time (in) doing sth.，花费时间做某事，固定搭配，应使用动名词，故选C。 3. 句意：我们必须知道生活中什么事对于我们更重要。 importanter错误表达；much important错误表达；more important更重要；little important错误表达。根据前文语境“No way! l can’t help you like that, ” 可知，帕特里克不想帮他做作业，所以帕特里克说要知道生活中什么事更重要，应使用形容词的比较级，important的比较级为more important，故选C。 4. 句意：帕特里克也不高兴。 either也，用于否定句句末；also也，用于句中；too也，用于肯定句句末；still仍然。根据“What afriend!” Grant said angrily(生气地).”可知，格兰特生气了，所以这里说的是帕特里克也不高兴，句子为否定句，且位于句末，应使用either，故选A。 5. 句意：他说：“你可以说你想要的任何东西，但是我认为我不能用那种方式帮助你。” so因此；and而，和；but但是；or或者。分析前后两个分句的意思可知，两句话的意思形成了鲜明的对比，应使用but构成转折句，故选C。 6. 句意：在后面的好多天，他们彼此不说话，他们都感到不好。 feel感觉，动词原形；feels感觉，动词三单形式；are feeling感觉，现在进行时；felt感觉，动词过去式。根据“they didn’t talk to each other”可知，句子为一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt，故选D。 7. 句意：当帕特里克的父母发现为什么的时候，他们让他想想如何帮助他最好的朋友。 think想，动词原形；thinking想，动名词；to think想，动词不定式；thought想，动词过去式。根据“ask sb. to do sht.请求某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此使用动词不定式作宾补，故选C。 8. 句意：而且格兰特知道是他的过错开始了这次争吵。 he他，主格人称代词；his他的，物主代词； she她，主格人称代词；her她的，她，人称代词的宾格，或者是形容词性物主代词；设空处作定语修饰名词fault，应使用形容词性物主代词，格兰特是个男孩，用his，故选B。 9. 句意：格兰特走过来跟帕特里克说对不起。 for为了，对于；to到往，表示动作的方向；with与某人一起；in在...…里面。say sorry to sb.跟某人道歉，固定搭配，应选用介词to，故选B。 10. 句意：那天，这两个男孩制定了一个计划。 made制定，过去式；makes制定，动词三单形式；make制定； are making制定，现在进行时；make a plan制定计划，短文的基本时态为一般过去时，因此这里使用make的过去式made。故选A。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·河北邯郸·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 I’m Amy. My good friend is Mary. She is also my neighbor She is fourteen years old. And I am one year 1 (young) than her. She is very friendly and outgoing, 2 she has many friends. She is 3 (talent) in music and wants to be a 4 (success) singer when she grows up. Mary started to learn to sing at the age of six. She practices 5 (sing) every day. I love listening to her songs. When we are together, we always share something interesting with each other. My favorite 6 (say) is, “A friend in need is a friend indeed. ” Mary is 7 friend like this because she’s always there to listen. Mary is very busy because she studies photography (摄影) in 8 (she) free time. She took lots of 9 (photo). They were all very wonderful. Last week, she was the 10 (win) in a photo competition. That’s fantastic! 【答案】 1. younger 2. so 3. talented 4. successful 5. singing 6. saying 7. a 8. her 9. photos 10. winner 【导语】本文介绍了Amy和她的好朋友Mary。Mary不仅是Amy的邻居，而且她在很多方面都很优秀，包括音乐和摄影。通过这篇短文，我们可以了解到Mary的一些兴趣爱好和她的生活情况。 1. 句意：我比她小一岁。根据“one year...than”可知，表示比她年龄小，用比较级“younger”表示“更年轻的”。故填younger。 2. 句意：她很友好和外向，所以她有很多朋友。根据“She is very friendly and outgoing”可知Mary性格很好，所以有很多朋友，用“so”连接前后句。故填so。 3. 句意：她在音乐方面很有天赋。be talented in“擅长于”，为固定搭配。故填talented。 4. 句意：她长大后想成为一名成功的歌手。修饰名词“singer”要用形容词。故填successful。 5. 句意：她每天练习唱歌。根据“practice”后接动名词，表示“练习做某事”。故填singing。 6. 句意：我最喜欢的一句格言是，“患难见真情。”根据“A friend in need is a friend indeed. ”可知是一句“格言”，“saying”表示“格言”。故填saying。 7. 句意：Mary是一个这样的朋友，因为她总是在那里倾听。泛指一个朋友，用不定冠词a，表示类型，故填a。 8. 句意：Mary很忙，因为她在空闲时间学习摄影。free time为名词短语，前面需要形容词性物主代词修饰，故此处用“her”表示“她的”。故填her。 9. 句意：她拍了很多照片。根据“lots of”可知用复数名词photos。故填photos。 10. 句意：上周，她在摄影比赛中获胜。the是定冠词，后面要用名词“winner”，表示“获胜者”，此处用其单数形式。故填winner。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·山东烟台·期中）May Contain Nuts is a famous book in the UK. It describes Alice’s “love” for her daughter Molly. In the book, Alice always 1 (provide) Molly with anything she wants. To help her daughter get into a top school, Alice makes a decision. She 2 (dress) up as Molly to take the test. Parents like Alice are called “helicopter parents (直升机家长)”. In fact, this kind of parenting is not good for children’s 3 (develop). What’s worse, the children may feel under pressure. So, how should parents get on 4 their children properly? Here are three ways. Firstly, be a good listener. Don’t decide everything for your children without 5 (ask) them. Learn to listen to your children. Show that you care about their 6 (opinion) by asking them “how” and “why” questions. 7 (second), lower (降低) your expectations of them. Do not always expect your kids to be the best 8 everyone is special in a certain filed (某个领域). Don’t push your kids so hard. Thirdly, share your experiences with them. See your children as your friends. When they have problems, you need 9 (communicate) with them. Let them know what problems you had in the past, how you 10 (solve) them and what you learned from them. 【答案】 1. provides 2. dresses 3. development 4. with 5. asking 6. opinions 7. Secondly 8. because 9. to communicate 10. solved 【分析】本文主要讲述了父母对待孩子的方式及其潜在影响，特别是直升机家长（过度保护和操控孩子生活的父母）的行为。 1. 句意：在书中，Alice总是为Molly提供她想要的任何东西。句子是一般现在时，主语Alice是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填provides。 2. 句意：Alice决定装扮成Molly来参加考试。句子是一般现在时，主语She是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填dresses。 3. 句意：事实上，这种育儿方式对孩子的发展不利。空处应填名词作宾语，development是不可数名词，表示“发展”，故填development。 4. 句意：那么，父母应该如何与孩子们适当地相处呢？get on with是固定搭配，意为“与……相处”，故填with。 5. 句意：不要在没有征求他们意见的情况下，为孩子们做所有决定。介词without后接动名词形式作宾语，故填asking。 6. 句意：通过问“怎么样”和“为什么”问题表现出你关心他们的意见。opinion是可数名词，结合“their”可知，此处应使用复数形式，故填opinions。 7. 句意：第二，降低对他们的期望。副词用于序列说明，首字母要大写，应用Secondly和上文的Firstly，下文的Thirdly一致，故填Secondly。 8. 句意：不要总是期望你的孩子是最棒的，因为每个人在某个领域都是独特的。前后句是因果关系，前果后因，空处用because连接原因。故填because。 9. 句意：当他们有问题时，你需要与他们沟通。need to do sth“需要做某事”，为固定短语。故填to communicate。 10. 句意：让他们知道你过去遇到了什么问题，如何解决它们，以及从中学到了什么。根据“what you learned”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去时。故填solved。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·山东枣庄·期中）阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 Paul and Carol were best friends. They lived close 1 each other, so they went to school together. One day, when Paul and Carol 2 (reach) the classroom, the teacher introduced (介绍) a new classmate to the class. Her name is Lisa. Lisa was a very lovely girl. She sat next to Carol. At lunchtime, Carol asked Lisa to sit with her and Paul. Paul was excited, because he expected 3 (talk) to their new friend. But he could 4 (hard) speak to Lisa. She was busy talking with Carol. And Carol gave her cake to Lisa. Carol usually gave it to Paul! After school, Carol and Lisa talked about their 5 (plan) for the summer. It made Paul feel unhappy. So, he didn’t say 6 (something) to them. When Carol was ready 7 (go) home, Paul was waiting for her. He looked sad. He said to Carol, “You’ re my best friend, but today you talked with Lisa all the time. You gave your cake to her, and I heard you talking about the summer plans. I feel 8 that she is your best friend! You like her better.” Carol felt sorry for what she did. She said to Paul, “Don’t be so sad, Paul. She can’t take 9 (you) place in my heart. But we three can be best friends. Let’s play 10 her together tomorrow.” 【答案】 1. to 2. reached 3. to talk 4. hardly 5. plans 6. anything 7. to go 8. like 9. your 10. with 【导语】本文讲述的是发生在好朋友之间的故事。保罗和卡罗尔是好朋友，班上来了一位新同学丽莎，保罗想和她说话，但是卡罗尔一直和丽莎说话，这使得保罗不开心，最后保罗向卡罗尔敞开心扉，他们决定一起和丽莎玩耍。 1. 句意：他们住得很近，所以他们一起上学。根据“They lived close…each other”可知此处应用介词“to”，close to“离……很近”。故填to。 2. 句意：有一天，当保罗和卡罗尔到达教室时，老师向全班介绍了一位新同学。根据“introduced (介绍) ”可知本句是一般过去时，动词“reach”需变为过去式“reached”。故填reached。 3. 句意：保罗很兴奋，因为他期待着和他们的新朋友交谈。expect to do sth.“期待做做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式“to talk”，作宾语。故填to talk。 4. 句意：但他几乎不能和丽莎说上话。根据“She was busy talking with Carol.”可知因为丽莎正忙着和卡罗尔谈话，所以保罗几乎不能和丽莎说话，应用副词hardly“几乎不”。故填hardly。 5. 句意：放学后，卡罗尔和丽莎谈论他们的暑假计划。plan“计划”，是可数名词， 此处应用复数“plans”，指类别。故填plans。 6. 句意：所以，他什么也没对她们说。此句是否定句，应用“anything”，“not…anything”表示“什么也没有”。故填anything。 7. 句意：卡罗尔准备回家时，保罗在等她。“be ready to do sth.”表示“准备做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式“to go”，作宾语。故填to go。 8. 句意：我觉得她是你最好的朋友！根据“I feel…that…”可知此处应用介词“like”，feel like“感觉就像”，是固定短语，符合语境。故填like。 9. 句意：她无法取代你在我心中的位置。空后是名词，应用“you”的形容词性物主代词“your”，修饰名词，作定语。故填your。 10. 句意：明天我们一起和她玩吧。根据“Let’s play…her”可知此处应用介词“with”，play with sb.“和某人玩”。故填with。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级上·山东东营·期中）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（必要时可加情态动词或助动词）。 Parents are the first teachers of their children. Now more and more people in Beijing 1 (study) in school again only because they have become parents. Ding Rong, a teacher from the Fourth Middle School of Beijing, said, “Many parents either love their children too much or behave (表现) badly to them. They know little about home education and thus make mistakes. If they learn some knowledge, they 2 (communicate) with their children better.” Because of this situation, parents’ schools are badly needed (急需). “I will return to school next month and it will help me treat my children in a better way,” said Xiao Chengjun, a 40-year-old woman worker. “I decided 3 (learn) it when someone asked me the question ‘Do you really know your child?’” One pupil complained (抱怨) that his father always left so much smoke in the living room that he couldn’t do his homework there. Another 4 (write) that his father played mahjong (打麻将) at night while he 5 (sleep). The noise always woke him up. “It’s the father’s fault not to educate his son himself.” is an old saying. “But it’s also the father’s fault if he 6 (set) his son a bad example. I think the parents should let their children 7 (make) their own decisions. The parents should do what they 8 (do) to help their kids grow up,” said Zhen Yan. A parent said, “I have studied in the parents’ school for one year. After 9 (go) to the school, I know more about my child and she also understands me more. Every night I study in the school after dinner. I like study there so much.” Do you think your parents know how 10 (teach) you properly? Do you want them to enter parents’ schools? 【答案】 1. are studying 2. will communicate 3. to learn 4. wrote 5. was sleeping 6. sets 7. make 8. can do 9. going 10. to teach 【导语】本文介绍了现在许多家长去家长学校学习，为了更好的了解并教育他们的孩子。 1. 句意：现在北京越来越多的人学习了，再次上学只是因为他们已经为人父母。根据“Now”可知，此处时态用现在进行时，主语为more and more people，be动词用are。故填are studying。 2. 句意：如果他们学到了一些知识，他们可以更好地与孩子沟通。这是一个由if引导的条件状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will communicate。 3. 句意：当有人问我“你真的了解你的孩子吗？”，我决定去学它。decide to do sth“决定做某事”。故填to learn。 4. 句意：另一位写道，他的父亲晚上在他睡觉的时候打麻将。根据“One pupil complained (抱怨) that his father always left so much smoke in the living room that he couldn’t do his homework there.”可知，时态为一般过去时，此处用动词过去式。故填wrote。 5. 句意：另一位写道，他的父亲晚上在他睡觉的时候打麻将。while“当……时”，结合“his father played mahjong (打麻将) at night”可知，时态为过去进行时，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was sleeping。 6. 句意：但如果父亲给儿子树立了坏榜样，那也是他的错。根据“But it’s also the father’s fault”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为he，用动词第三人称单数形式。故填sets。 7. 句意：我认为父母应该让他们的孩子做出自己的决定。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填make。 8. 句意：甄亚说：“父母应该尽其所能帮助孩子成长。”这是一个宾语从句，括号内do缺少宾语，疑问词用what，what sb can do“做某人能做的”作should do的宾语。故填can do。 9. 句意：上学后，我对我的孩子了解得更多，她也更了解我。after“在……之后”，介词，后接动词-ing形式。故填going。 10. 句意：你认为你的父母知道如何正确地教你吗？疑问词how后接动词不定式形式。故填to teach。 2 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$