Unit 2【刷语法】现在完成时（2）（重点语法提升练）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦现在完成时持续用法，通过标志词解析、短暂性动词转换规则及梯度化题型，构建“概念-规则-应用”完整训练体系，提升语言应用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法精讲|规则+例句|标志词（for/since）用法；短暂性动词转换（如join→be a member）|概念生成（持续动作表达）→规则推导（标志词与动词转换）| |单项选择|40题|语境中判断时态标志；动词延续性转换|规则应用→易错点突破（如瞬间动词与时间段连用）| |单词拼写|10题|现在完成时结构（have/has+过去分词）|语法规则→词汇应用| |完成句子|20题|同义句转换（如瞬间动词句→延续性动词句）|应用拓展→综合语言输出|

2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） Unit 2 Getting along【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) 现在完成时（2） 要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在（包括“现在”在内），甚至还可能延续下去，我们也可以借助现在完成时，此时常与“for+时间段”或“since+过去的时间点/从句”连用。 for+一段时间，表示“持续……” ； since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。 注意：含for和含since的现在完成时的句子有时可互相转换。 我从13年前开始就住在这里。 I’ve lived here since 13 years ago. = I’ve lived here for 13 years. = It has been 13 years since I began to live here. 与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。 他加入共青团两年了。 （×）He has joined the Communist Youth League for two years. （√）He has been a member of the Communist Youth League for two years. 这块手表我买了两年了。 （×）I have bought this watch for two years. （√）I have had this watch for two years. 语法精练语法精讲 过关测试满分：70分 时间：60分钟 一、单项选择(每小题1分，共40分) 1．The airline ________ for about 5 months. I have taken the flights three times. A．is open B．has opened C．has been open D．has been opened 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这条航线已经开通大约 5 个月了。我已经乘坐过三次航班了。 句中“for about 5 months”是一段时间状语，要求谓语动词具有延续性。open作动词意为“打开”，是瞬间动词，不能与段时间连用；作形容词意为“开着的、营业的”，表示状态，可延续。has been open表示“一直处于开通状态”，符合语境。 2．Chris has worn glasses ________ he was seven years old. A．for B．since C．before D．after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：克里斯从七岁起就戴眼镜了。 for后接时间段；since后接时间点/从句，常与现在完成时连用；before在……之前；after 在……之后。本句为现在完成时，空格后是时间状语从句，表达“自从……”，应填since。 3．My sister ________ as a nurse in this hospital since she left college. A．works B．worked C．will work D．has worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我姐姐自从大学毕业以来就在这家医院当护士。 根据“since she left college”可知，自从她离开大学以来，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为My sister，助动词用has。 4．People’s reading habits ________ a lot since smartphones became widely used. A．change B．changed C．have changed D．are changing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从智能手机被广泛使用以来，人们的阅读习惯已经改变了很多。 change改变；changed改变了；have changed已经改变；are changing正在改变。根据句中时间状语“since smartphones became widely used”可知，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句通常用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在对现在造成的影响。故填have changed。 5．My mother ________ in the nursing home for ten years. A．works B．will work C．has worked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈已经在养老院工作十年了。 works工作；will work将工作；has worked已经工作了。本题考查现在完成时，根据“for ten years”可知，表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。 6．—When did you borrow the new book? —Well, I _________ it since a week ago. A．have borrowed B．kept C．have kept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你什么时候借的新书？——嗯，我从一周前就留着它了。 根据“since a week ago”可知，该句应用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词），表示从过去某一时间点持续到现在的状态，因此排除B选项“kept”（一般过去时）。又因为“borrow”是瞬间性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“since + 时间点”连用，需要转换为延续性动词“keep”，其过去分词为“kept”，故排除A选项“have borrowed”。因此正确答案为C选项“have kept”。 7．Our teacher isn’t in the office. She ______ the school hall since 40 minutes ago and the show is still going on. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．has gone into 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师不在办公室。她自从40分钟前就待在学校礼堂了，而且演出仍在进行中。 has gone to去了（未返回，不能接时间段）；has been to去过（已返回，不能接时间段）；has been in待在某地（表示持续状态，可接时间段）；has gone into进入（短暂性动作，不能接时间段）。根据题干“since 40 minutes ago”表示时间段，应用延续性动词的现在完成时；且“the show is still going on”说明她仍在礼堂，应用has been in，应填has been in。 8．The film ________ for five minutes. Let’s be quick! A．has begun B．have been on C．has been on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电影已经放映五分钟了。我们快点！ has begun已经开始了；have been on上映；has been on上映。句中“for five minutes”，提示句子强调动作持续了一段时间，谓语动词需用延续性动词。begin是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，排除A；主语The film是第三人称单数，助动词应用has，排除B；be on表示“上映”的状态，是延续性的，且has符合主谓一致。 9．—How long have you been interested in oil painting? —________ two years ago. A．For B．Since C．In D．At 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你对油画感兴趣多久了？——从两年前开始。 For后接时间段；Since后接过去时间点，用于现在完成时； In常接时间段，多用于一般将来时或一般过去时；At多接具体时刻。问句“How long have you been...”提示本题时态是现在完成时，答句“two years ago”是时间点，用since。 10．—Let’s turn on the TV and watch the football match of the Jiangsu Football City League. —It’s too late. It ________ for half an hour. And the result is 1-0. Nantong won! A．has begun B．has finished C．has been on D．has been over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——让我们打开电视观看江苏足球城市联赛的足球比赛吧。——太晚了。比赛已经结束半个小时了。结果是1比0，南通赢了！ has begun已经开始；has finished已经结束；has been on已经播出；has been over已经结束。begin和finish是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，排除A、B。根据“It’s too late.”及“And the result is 1-0. Nantong won!”可知比赛已结束。应填has been over。 11．—________ have you been a member of the Youth League? — For three years. A．How far B．How many C．How often D．How long 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你加入共青团多久了？——三年了。 How far多远；How many多少；How often多久一次；How long多久。根据答语“For three years”表示一段时间，可知此处是对一段时间进行提问，应用How long。 12．They have been ________ for ten years. A．marry B．married C．marrying D．to marry 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们已经结婚十年了。 be married表 “已婚状态”，可与时间段连用；marry是短暂动词，不能与for ten years连用。 13．Four years ________ since I met my English teacher, Miss Zhao. But I always remember that she was friendly to us in class, saying “Hello” with a smile. A．have passed B．passed C．has passed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我遇见我的英语老师赵老师以来，四年已经过去了。但我总是记得她在课堂上对我们很友好，微笑着说“你好”。 since引导时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时；表示一段时间的名词短语作主语时，看作整体，谓语动词用单数。Four years视为整体，应用has passed。 14．They ________ good friends since then. A．became B．have been C．are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从那以后他们一直是好朋友。 became变成，过去式；have been一直是，现在完成时；are是，一般现在时。since then提示现在完成时，只有have been符合。 15．—Wow, your new dress looks so beautiful! —Thank you. I ________ it for three years. A．bought B．have bought C．have had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——哇，你的新裙子看起来真漂亮！——谢谢。我已经拥有它三年了。 根据“for three years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成为“have/has done”，表示动作持续了一段时间，谓语动词必须用延续性动词。buy是短暂性动词，不能与for three years连用；have表示“拥有”，是延续性动词，可以表示拥有某物持续一段时间，因此应填have had。 16．—Is Mr Clark there? I need to talk to him. —Sorry, he ________ Shanghai on business for three days. A．went to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has been to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——克拉克先生在那儿吗？我需要和他谈谈。——抱歉，他去上海出差三天了。 went to去了；has gone to去了未回；has been in待在某地；has been to去过已回。根据“Sorry”可知人不在，排除选项D；根据“for three days”可知表示持续三天的时间段,动时态需要体现“从过去持续到现在的状态”。be in表状态可延续。B选项虽然表示去了某地（还没回来），但是它强调“去了没回”的结果，是瞬间动作，不能和持续时间段连用。应填has been in。 17．—How long have you ________ the camera? —For two years. I bought it when I traveled to Beijing. A．bought B．had C．borrowed D．lent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你拥有这台相机多久了？——两年了，我去北京旅游时买的。 how long提问时间段，需与延续性动词连用；bought买、borrowed借入、lent借出均为短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用；had是延续性动词，表“拥有”，且答句回答相机已经买了两年，应选had。 18．—Lisa’s pet dog ________ for a year, but she is still sad. —Let’s go and buy her one. A．died B．is dying C．has died D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——丽莎的宠物狗已经去世一年了，但她仍然很难过。——我们去给她买一只吧。 根据时间状语“for a year”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需能延续。die是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，需转换为be dead表示状态。A项为一般过去时；B项为现在进行时；C项虽为现在完成时但动词不可延续；D项为现在完成时且表示状态可延续，符合语境。故选has been dead。 19．You can ________ the magazine for three days. A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这本杂志你可以保留三天。 borrow借入，是短暂性动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；lend借出；keep保留、持有，是延续性动词，可搭配一段时间；take拿走。句中出现时间段“for three days”，需要延续性动词，应填keep。 20．—How long have you ________ this book? —For two weeks. I ________ it from the school library. A．borrowed; borrowed B．kept; borrowed C．kept; kept D．borrowed; kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这本书你借了多久了？——两周了。我是从学校图书馆借的。 borrowed借；kept保留，保存。“How long”提问时间段，与延续性动词连用，borrow是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，需换成延续性动词keep。第一空用kept；第二空描述从图书馆借的动作，用一般过去时borrowed。 21．—How long ________ your cousin ________ this magazine? —For nearly three weeks. A．has; borrowed B．did; borrow C．has; kept D．does; keep 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的堂(表)兄弟姐妹借阅这本杂志多久了？——将近三周了。 根据“For nearly three weeks.”可知，句子强调动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词。borrow是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用；keep是延续性动词，可以与时间段连用。主语your cousin为第三人称单数，助动词用has。 22．She ________ the book ________ last week. A．has borrowed; for B．has kept; since C．has borrowed; since D．has kept; for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她从上周起就一直保留着这本书。 since后接过去的时间点，for后接一段时间，“last week”是过去的时间点，第二空应填since；现在完成时中与since或for连用表示持续状态时，动词需用延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，keep是延续性动词，第一空应填has kept。 23．My brother ________ the basketball club for half a year. He plays basketball every weekend. A．has joined B．joined C．has been a member of D．joins 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥加入篮球俱乐部已经半年了。他每个周末都打篮球。 根据“for half a year”可知，句子需要使用现在完成时，且动词必须是延续性动词。join是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，排除A、B；joins为一般现在时，无法体现“已经持续半年”的含义，排除D。has been a member of是延续性表达，表示“已经是……的成员”，可与for half a year搭配，故选C。 24．My cousin Peter ________ Britain for three years. He told me he would return the other day. A．has left B．has been away from C．has gone to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的表哥彼得离开英国已经三年了。他告诉我过几天就要回来了。 has left已经离开；has been away from已经离开（表状态）；has gone to已经去了。根据“for three years”表示一段时间，可知句中谓语动词需用延续性动词；leave和go均为瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用；be away from表示状态，具有延续性，可与时间段连用。 25．Be quiet! The baby ________ asleep for only ten minutes. A．has fallen B．is C．fell D．has been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：安静！婴儿已经睡着十分钟了。 根据时间状语“for only ten minutes”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需具有延续性。fall asleep是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，be asleep是延续性状态，符合语境。应填has been。 26．My sister has ________ the Blue Sky Rescue for half a year. A．joined B．been a member of C．taken part in D．attended 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐加入蓝天救援队已经有半年了。   joined加入某个组织/团体（短暂性动词）；been a member of是……的成员（延续性状态，可与一段时间连用）；taken part in参加某项活动（短暂性动词短语）；attended出席会议、典礼等（短暂性动词）。根据“for half a year”可知，表达延续性的状态，故选用been a member of。 27．—What’s your hobby, Laura? —My hobby is collecting stamps. In the last five years, I________1000 stamps. A．collect B．collected C．was collecting D．have collected 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Laura，你的爱好是什么？——我的爱好是集邮。在过去的五年里，我已经收集了1000张邮票。 collect收集；collected收集（过去式）；was collecting正在收集；have collected已经收集。根据时间状语“In the last five years”可知，表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时have/has done的结构。 28．Mike ________ very hard to make his dream come true in the past few years. A．has worked B．works C．is working D．will work 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，迈克非常努力地工作以实现他的梦想。 句中“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志性短语，强调从过去持续到现在的动作。时态结构：主语+have/has+过去分词，主语“Mike”是第三人称单数，用 “has”，“work”的过去分词是“worked”，应填has worked。 29．Many students ________ greatly from online learning in recent years. A．benefit B．have benefited C．benefited D．will benefit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：近年来，许多学生从线上学习中获益良多。 根据时间状语“in recent years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，需用“have done”结构。应填have benefited。 30．The old scientist ________ on researching rare wild plants for over forty years and he still devotes most of his spare time to field work now. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．had worked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位老科学家研究珍稀野生植物已经超过四十年，现在他仍然把大部分业余时间投入野外工作。 根据句中的“for over forty years”以及“still...now”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，且还将继续，应用现在完成时，故选has worked。 31．Years ago, scientists _______ that the number of AI robots would be larger than that of humans. A．expect B．expected C．are expecting D．had expected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多年前，科学家们曾预计人工智能机器人的数量将会超过人类。 时间状语“Years ago”表示过去的时间，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。应选用expected“预计、预料”。 32．On Day 1, he ran one minute and then ________ for a minute and a half. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．will walk 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第一天，他跑了一分钟，然后走了一分半钟。 句中and then连接两个并列的先后动作，前面ran是run的一般过去式，前后时态保持一致，因此此处要用walk的过去式walked；walk是动词原形、walks是一般现在时第三人称单数形式、will walk是一般将来时，均不符合本句过去时态语境。应填walked。 33．—What did you do in Lijiang? —We ________ the old town and tried some local dishes. A．visit B．visited C．visits D．visiting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你们在丽江做了什么？——我们参观了古城，还尝试了一些当地菜肴。 根据问句中的“did”可知，对话描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。应填visited。 34．The scenery of Yulong Mountain was so amazing that it ________ his breath away. A．take B．takes C．took D．is taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玉龙山的景色如此迷人，以至于使他惊叹不已。 根据“The scenery of Yulong Mountain was so amazing”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式took。固定搭配take one’s breath away意为“使某人惊叹不已”。应填took。 35．— ________ has your grandpa lived here? —Since last year. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你爷爷住在这里多久了？——自从去年以来。 How long多久；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How far多远。根据答语“Since last year.”可知，此处是对爷爷居住的时间长度进行提问，应用How long。 36．The famous writer ________ a new novel last year, and he ________ two more since then. A．wrote; wrote B．has written; wrote C．wrote; has written D．has written; has written 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位著名作家去年写了一本新小说，从那以后他又写了两本。 last year是具体过去时间，用一般过去时，第一空填wrote；since then（从那以后）是现在完成时的标志，第二空填has written。 37．My sister ________ in the school cooking club since last term. A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我姐姐自从上学期以来就在学校烹饪俱乐部了。 根据时间状语“since last term”可知，句子表示状态从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。主语“My sister”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，be的过去分词是been。 38．—It ________ ten years since we last ________. —Yeah. How time flies! A．was; met B．is; meet C．has been; met 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——自从我们上次见面已经十年了。——是啊。时间过得真快！ “It has been+时间段+since+一般过去时句子”是固定句型，主句是since引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时has been；since从句里的动作是过去发生的，谓语动词用过去式met。应填has been；met。 39．Great changes ________ in the rural schools since the 2000s. They are no longer what they were 20 years ago, when they were poorly equipped. A．took place B．have taken place C．have happened D．happened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自21世纪初以来，农村学校已经发生了巨大的变化。它们不再是20年前设备简陋的样子了。 根据时间状语“since the 2000s”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除一般过去时选项；take place通常指有计划或非偶然的发生，happen通常指偶然发生。本题中“乡村学校的巨变”是教育发展带来的规划性变化，不是偶然事件，因此选have taken place。 40．Since 2003, China ________ several manned spaceships into space. A．sent B．has sent C．was sending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自2003年以来，中国已经发射了几艘载人飞船进入太空。 根据时间状语“Since 2003”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在或对现在造成影响，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语China是第三人称单数，助动词用has，send的过去分词是 sent。 二、单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 41．________ (since) he ________ (come) to Beijing, he has visited many places. 【答案】 Since came 【详解】句意：自从他来到北京，他已经游览了很多地方。本句为since引导的时间状语从句，主句“he has visited many places”是现在完成时，since从句要使用一般过去时；come的过去式为came，第一空填连词Since引导从句，第二空填came。 42．Since then, I ________ (express) my love, care and respect to every important person around me. 【答案】have expressed 【详解】句意：从那以后，我向身边每一个重要的人表达我的爱、关怀和尊重。since then提示要用现在完成时，基本结构为have/has+动词过去分词。主语I是第一人称，因此助动词用have；动词express的过去分词是expressed，所以此处应填have expressed。 43．Why not use a reading list to introduce what you’ve ________ (read) recently? 【答案】read 【详解】句意：为什么不使用阅读清单来介绍你最近读过的书呢？根据“have”及“recently”提示，此处为现在完成时，需填过去分词。read的过去分词是read（与原形同形，读音不同）。 44．So far, our school _________ (organize) activities to care for teenage mental health. 【答案】 has organized 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们学校已经组织了关注青少年心理健康的活动。时间状语“So far”是现在完成时的标志，主语“our school”为单数，助动词用has，organize的过去分词是organized。 45．Since two years ago, our school _________ (have) an interesting reading club. 【答案】has had 【详解】句意：两年前以来，我们学校就有一个有趣的阅读俱乐部。时间状语Since two years ago（自从两年前）是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构为have/has + 动词过去分词，主语是our school，助动词用has，have的过去分词是had。 46．The famous artist _________ (create) more than 20 amazing sculptures since he came to Wuxi last year. 【答案】has created 【详解】句意：这位著名的艺术家自去年来到无锡以来，已经创作了二十多件精美雕塑。句中since引导一般过去时时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，结构为：have/has done。主语The famous artist为单数，故填has created。 47．I ________ (not finish) my homework yet. I need to finish it quickly. 【答案】haven’t finished 【详解】句意：我还没有完成作业。我需要快点完成它。finish“完成”，句中“yet”意为“还；尚”，是现在完成时的标志词，常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“到目前为止还没有……”。现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语为“I”，助动词用have，否定形式为haven’t，finish的过去分词为finished。 48．Over time, I ________ (learn) to accept my height. (现在完成时填空) 【答案】have learned 【详解】句意：随着时间的推移，我学会了接受自己的身高。主语是“I”，现在完成时的谓语结构用“have+动词的过去分词”，learn的过去分词直接加-ed。 49．You ____________ (not practise) the phrases yet, but you will soon. 【答案】haven’t practised 【详解】句意：你还没有练习这些短语，但你很快就会（练习）。根据句中的yet可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，否定形式为“have/has not + 过去分词”；主语是You，助动词用have，have not可以缩写为haven’t；practise的过去分词是practised。 50．My host family ____________ (show) me many places of interest already. 【答案】has shown 【详解】句意：我的寄宿家庭已经带我参观了很多名胜古迹。根据句中的already可知，句子时态为现在完成时。现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。my host family在这里指“我的寄宿家庭”这一整体，为单数概念，助动词用has；show的过去分词是shown。故填has shown。 三、完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 51．My father went to Beijing three days ago.（改为同义句） My father ________ ________ ________ Beijing for three days. 【答案】 has been in 【详解】句意：我爸爸三天前去了北京。for three days是现在完成时的时间段标志，短暂性动词go to需要转换为延续性短语be in；主语my father是第三人称单数，助动词选用has，be的过去分词是been。 52．He began to read books when he was seven. (同义句转换) He ________ ________ books ________ he was seven. 【答案】 has read since 【详解】句意：他七岁时开始读书。此处表示他自从七岁就开始读书，since表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式has read。 53．I came to Beijing two days ago. （改为同义句） I ________ ________ ________ Beijing for two days. 【答案】 have been in 【详解】句意: 我两天前来到北京。原句时间状语是“two days ago”即一般过去时，改后的句子时间状语“for two days”表示持续了一段时间，需使用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。现在完成时中，与“for+时间段”连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。原句中的come是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需改为延续性状态be in“待在/在”。主语是“I”，助动词用“have”，be的过去分词是“been”，地点Beijing前用介词“in”。故三个空依次填入have、been、in。 54．Tom left here three days ago.（同义句，现在完成时） Tom ________ ________ ________ ________ here for three days. 【答案】 has been away from 【详解】句意‌：汤姆三天前离开了这里。原句是一般过去时，改为现在完成时同义句，“for three days”是现在完成时标志，“left”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，需转换为延续性表达“be away from”，现在完成时结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语Tom是第三人称单数，助动词用has，be的过去分词是been，所以答案依次是“has”，“been”，“away”，“from”。 55．I bought this bag last month.（同义句） I ________ ________ this bag for a month. 【答案】 have had 【详解】句意：上个月我买了这个包。原句时态：一般过去时bought（buy短暂性动词），表示“上个月买的”；句中for a month（长达一个月）是一段时间，必须把短暂动词换成延续性动词，且时态改为现在完成时； buy（买，瞬间动作）对应的延续表达是have（拥有）； 主语I，现在完成时结构：have+过去分词，have的过去分词是had。 56．He has been away for five days.（改为同义句） He has been away ________ five days ________. 【答案】 since ago 【详解】句意：他已经离开五天了。原句中“for+时间段（for five days）”可与“since+过去时间点（since five days ago）”进行同义转换，二者均可用于现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在。故填since；ago。 57．The party ended an hour ago. (同义句) The party ________ ________ ________ for an hour. 【答案】 has been over 【详解】句意：聚会一小时前结束了。 原句“ended an hour ago”表示“一小时前结束”，“for an hour”连用表示状态持续，同义句用现在完成时“have been over”表示“已经结束”，主语“The party”为单数，故用“has been over”。故填has；been；over。 58．She joined the Party in 2020.（改为同义句） She ________ ________ a Party member ________ 2020. 【答案】 has been since 【详解】原句句意：她在 2020 年入了党。改写后句意：她从 2020 年起就是一名党员了。原句“She joined the Party in 2020.”表示过去发生的短暂动作，改为同义句时需转换为现在完成时，用延续性状态表达“自2020年起的持续状态”。“join the Party”可转换为“be a Party member”，句子主语为She，助动词用has，因此前两空填has been；“2020”是时间起点，需用since引导，故第三空填since，故填 has；been；since。 59．You bought the computer ten years ago. (改为同义句) You’ve ________ the computer ________ ten years. 【答案】 had for 【详解】句意：你十年前买了这台电脑。同义句可表达为“你拥有这台电脑十年了”；“for+时间段”可用于现在完成时，表示“持续一段时间”，第二空填写介词for；原句“bought”为短暂性动词，不可与一段时间连用，将其改为对应的延续性动词have“拥有”，其过去分词为had。 60．The shop closed last week. (同义句改写) → The shop ________ ________ ________ for a week. 【答案】 has been closed 【详解】句意：这家商店上周停业了。同义句改写：句中“for a week”为时间段标志，提示句子要用现在完成时；close是终止性动词，不能与时间段连用，需转换为延续性短语be closed；现在完成时结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语the shop为单数名词，助动词选用has，be的过去分词是been。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） Unit 2 Getting along【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) 现在完成时（2） 要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在（包括“现在”在内），甚至还可能延续下去，我们也可以借助现在完成时，此时常与“for+时间段”或“since+过去的时间点/从句”连用。 for+一段时间，表示“持续……” ； since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。 注意：含for和含since的现在完成时的句子有时可互相转换。 我从13年前开始就住在这里。 I’ve lived here since 13 years ago. = I’ve lived here for 13 years. = It has been 13 years since I began to live here. 与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。 他加入共青团两年了。 （×）He has joined the Communist Youth League for two years. （√）He has been a member of the Communist Youth League for two years. 这块手表我买了两年了。 （×）I have bought this watch for two years. （√）I have had this watch for two years. 语法精练语法精讲 过关测试满分：70分 时间：60分钟 一、单项选择(每小题1分，共40分) 1．The airline ________ for about 5 months. I have taken the flights three times. A．is open B．has opened C．has been open D．has been opened 2．Chris has worn glasses ________ he was seven years old. A．for B．since C．before D．after 3．My sister ________ as a nurse in this hospital since she left college. A．works B．worked C．will work D．has worked 4．People’s reading habits ________ a lot since smartphones became widely used. A．change B．changed C．have changed D．are changing 5．My mother ________ in the nursing home for ten years. A．works B．will work C．has worked 6．—When did you borrow the new book? —Well, I _________ it since a week ago. A．have borrowed B．kept C．have kept 7．Our teacher isn’t in the office. She ______ the school hall since 40 minutes ago and the show is still going on. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．has gone into 8．The film ________ for five minutes. Let’s be quick! A．has begun B．have been on C．has been on 9．—How long have you been interested in oil painting? —________ two years ago. A．For B．Since C．In D．At 10．—Let’s turn on the TV and watch the football match of the Jiangsu Football City League. —It’s too late. It ________ for half an hour. And the result is 1-0. Nantong won! A．has begun B．has finished C．has been on D．has been over 11．—________ have you been a member of the Youth League? — For three years. A．How far B．How many C．How often D．How long 12．They have been ________ for ten years. A．marry B．married C．marrying D．to marry 13．Four years ________ since I met my English teacher, Miss Zhao. But I always remember that she was friendly to us in class, saying “Hello” with a smile. A．have passed B．passed C．has passed 14．They ________ good friends since then. A．became B．have been C．are 15．—Wow, your new dress looks so beautiful! —Thank you. I ________ it for three years. A．bought B．have bought C．have had 16．—Is Mr Clark there? I need to talk to him. —Sorry, he ________ Shanghai on business for three days. A．went to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has been to 17．—How long have you ________ the camera? —For two years. I bought it when I traveled to Beijing. A．bought B．had C．borrowed D．lent 18．—Lisa’s pet dog ________ for a year, but she is still sad. —Let’s go and buy her one. A．died B．is dying C．has died D．has been dead 19．You can ________ the magazine for three days. A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．take 20．—How long have you ________ this book? —For two weeks. I ________ it from the school library. A．borrowed; borrowed B．kept; borrowed C．kept; kept D．borrowed; kept 21．—How long ________ your cousin ________ this magazine? —For nearly three weeks. A．has; borrowed B．did; borrow C．has; kept D．does; keep 22．She ________ the book ________ last week. A．has borrowed; for B．has kept; since C．has borrowed; since D．has kept; for 23．My brother ________ the basketball club for half a year. He plays basketball every weekend. A．has joined B．joined C．has been a member of D．joins 24．My cousin Peter ________ Britain for three years. He told me he would return the other day. A．has left B．has been away from C．has gone to 25．Be quiet! The baby ________ asleep for only ten minutes. A．has fallen B．is C．fell D．has been 26．My sister has ________ the Blue Sky Rescue for half a year. A．joined B．been a member of C．taken part in D．attended 27．—What’s your hobby, Laura? —My hobby is collecting stamps. In the last five years, I________1000 stamps. A．collect B．collected C．was collecting D．have collected 28．Mike ________ very hard to make his dream come true in the past few years. A．has worked B．works C．is working D．will work 29．Many students ________ greatly from online learning in recent years. A．benefit B．have benefited C．benefited D．will benefit 30．The old scientist ________ on researching rare wild plants for over forty years and he still devotes most of his spare time to field work now. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．had worked 31．Years ago, scientists _______ that the number of AI robots would be larger than that of humans. A．expect B．expected C．are expecting D．had expected 32．On Day 1, he ran one minute and then ________ for a minute and a half. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．will walk 33．—What did you do in Lijiang? —We ________ the old town and tried some local dishes. A．visit B．visited C．visits D．visiting 34．The scenery of Yulong Mountain was so amazing that it ________ his breath away. A．take B．takes C．took D．is taking 35．— ________ has your grandpa lived here? —Since last year. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 36．The famous writer ________ a new novel last year, and he ________ two more since then. A．wrote; wrote B．has written; wrote C．wrote; has written D．has written; has written 37．My sister ________ in the school cooking club since last term. A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 38．—It ________ ten years since we last ________. —Yeah. How time flies! A．was; met B．is; meet C．has been; met 39．Great changes ________ in the rural schools since the 2000s. They are no longer what they were 20 years ago, when they were poorly equipped. A．took place B．have taken place C．have happened D．happened 40．Since 2003, China ________ several manned spaceships into space. A．sent B．has sent C．was sending 二、单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 41．________ (since) he ________ (come) to Beijing, he has visited many places. 42．Since then, I ________ (express) my love, care and respect to every important person around me. 43．Why not use a reading list to introduce what you’ve ________ (read) recently? 44．So far, our school _________ (organize) activities to care for teenage mental health. 45．Since two years ago, our school _________ (have) an interesting reading club. 46．The famous artist _________ (create) more than 20 amazing sculptures since he came to Wuxi last year. 47．I ________ (not finish) my homework yet. I need to finish it quickly. 48．Over time, I ________ (learn) to accept my height. (现在完成时填空) 49．You ____________ (not practise) the phrases yet, but you will soon. 50．My host family ____________ (show) me many places of interest already. 三、完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 51．My father went to Beijing three days ago.（改为同义句） My father ________ ________ ________ Beijing for three days. 52．He began to read books when he was seven. (同义句转换) He ________ ________ books ________ he was seven. 53．I came to Beijing two days ago. （改为同义句） I ________ ________ ________ Beijing for two days. 54．Tom left here three days ago.（同义句，现在完成时） Tom ________ ________ ________ ________ here for three days. 55．I bought this bag last month.（同义句） I ________ ________ this bag for a month. 56．He has been away for five days.（改为同义句） He has been away ________ five days ________. 57．The party ended an hour ago. (同义句) The party ________ ________ ________ for an hour. 58．She joined the Party in 2020.（改为同义句） She ________ ________ a Party member ________ 2020. 59．You bought the computer ten years ago. (改为同义句) You’ve ________ the computer ________ ten years. 60．The shop closed last week. (同义句改写) → The shop ________ ________ ________ for a week. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $