Unit1Grammar课件 2025-2026学年牛津译林版（2024）初中英语八年级上册

Unit 1 Friendship Grammar 23021 1 学习目标 1 2 能掌握形容词的比较级和最高级的构成。 能掌握形容词的比较级和最高级的用法。 23021 2 A Poem Good, better, best, Never let it rest, And till good is better, Better is best ! 好，更好，最好， 永不停歇， 直到好变为更好， 那么更好就是最好！ Lead in 23021 3 e.g. Betty’s hair is longer than mine. Max is more interesting than his classmates. 新课讲授 当我们将两个对象进行比较时，我们要用形容词的比较级，表示“较……”“更……一些”“比……更……”。 当被比较的对象是三个或三个以上时，我们会用形容词的最高级，表示“最……”，最高级前通常要加定冠词 the。 e.g. Betty is the most helpful person in our class. Max is the tallest boy in our class. 形容词的比较级和最高级 23021 Look at the words and try to work out the rules of the formation of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. great greater greatest tall taller tallest small smaller smallest ① 大多数词后加er变成比较级，加est变成最高级。 Look and summarise 23021 nice nicer nicest fine finer finest large larger largest ② 以字母e结尾的词只加r或st变成比较级或最高级。 Look at the words and try to work out the rules of the formation of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 23021 slim slimmer slimmest big bigger biggest red redder reddest ③ 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加er或est。 Look at the words and try to work out the rules of the formation of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 23021 pretty prettier prettiest easy easier easiest busy busier busiest blay (寒冷的) blayer blayest ④ 以辅音字母加y结尾的词先去掉y，再加ier或iest。 Look at the words and try to work out the rules of the formation of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 23021 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful important more important most important careful more careful most careful popular more popular most popular ⑤ 多音节词和部分双音节词应在其前加more变成比较级，加most变成最高级。 Look at the words and try to work out the rules of the formation of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 23021 注意： 构成形容词比较级和最高级的er和est，自成一个音节，读作/ə(r)/ 和/ɪst/。如果原级词末为不发音的字母 r，加er和est 时，r 要发/r/ 音，如clear /klɪə(r)/、clearer /ˈklɪərə(r)/、clearest /ˈklɪərɪst/。如果原级词末的发音为/ŋ/，加er 和est 时，/ŋ/音后得加上/ɡ/音，如 long /lɒŋ/、longer /ˈlɒŋɡə(r)/、longest /ˈlɒŋɡɪst/。 23021 不规则变化 more better worse less 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well ill / bad many / much little best worst most least 23021 注意： 有些形容词有两种比较级和最高级的变化方式。如： clever—cleverer/more clever—cleverest/most clever far—farther/further—farthest/furthest 23021 Look at the sentences and try to work out the usage of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 1. This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这幅画比那幅画更漂亮。 2. Which is bigger, the sun or the moon? 太阳和月亮，哪个更大？ 通常情况下，我们用“比较级 + than”来引出比较的第二部分。 我们常用“which/who ... + 比较级 , ... or ...?”的句型来表示在两者中选择。 23021 3. China is much larger than Japan. 中国比日本大得多。 4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. 中国正变得越来越强大。 我们可在比较级前加上 a little、much、even 等词来表示程度。 我们用“比较级 + and + 比较级”的结构来表示人或事物本身程度的改变。 Look at the sentences and try to work out the usage of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 23021 Look at the sentences and try to work out the usage of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 1. I am the tallest of/among the three. 我是三个人中最高的。 Russia is the largest country in the world. 俄罗斯是世界上最大的国家。 我们用“the + 最高级 + 比较范围”的结构来表示在某一范围内“最……”。介词 of和among后面接表示范围的人或事物，in后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。 23021 Look at the sentences and try to work out the usage of the adjectives' comparatives and superlatives. 2. Peter is his oldest son. 彼得是他的长子。 我们用“形容词性物主代词 + 最高级”的结构来表示某人或事物的“最……”。注意：此时形容词的最高级前不需要加定冠词the。 3. In the USA, the third largest city is Los Angeles. 美国的第三大城市是洛杉矶。 我们可以用序数词修饰形容词的最高级。 23021 We use “comparative adjectives + than” to compare ______________ people or things; we use “the + superlative adjectives” to compare ______________ or more people or things. two three 23021 Complete the table with the correct comparative and superlative adjectives. Adjective Comparative Superlative Adjective Comparative Superlative funny pretty close bright beautiful interesting kind sad slim wonderful difficult heavy smart good cute bad Practice 23021 Adjective Comparative Superlative Adjective Comparative Superlative funny funnier funniest pretty prettier prettiest close closer closest bright brighter brightest beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful interesting more interesting the most interesting kind kinder kindest sad sadder saddest slim slimmer slimmest wonderful more wonderful the most wonderful difficult more difficult the most difficult heavy heavier heaviest smart smarter smartest good better best cute cuter cutest bad worse worst Check the answers. 23021 Millie Sandy Amy Peter Kitty Simon Height (cm) 161 170 158 173 160 178 Weight (kg) 50 55 47 60 45 68 Drawing grade A A+ A B B B+ 50m swimming (sec.) 80 76 60 68 70 65 Standing long jump (cm) 190 195 180 220 185 230 Daniel has made some notes about his classmates. Complete his notes below. 1 Peter is ___________________ (short) Simon. 2 Simon is ___________________ (tall) of the six students. 3 Amy is ___________________ (light) Sandy. 4 Simon is ___________________ (heavy) of the six students. 5 Peter’s drawing grade is ___________________ (low) Millie’s. shorter than the tallest lighter than the heaviest lower than 23021 Millie Sandy Amy Peter Kitty Simon Height (cm) 161 170 158 173 160 178 Weight (kg) 50 55 47 60 45 68 Drawing grade A A+ A B B B+ 50m swimming (sec.) 80 76 60 68 70 65 Standing long jump (cm) 190 195 180 220 185 230 6 Sandy’s drawing grade is _________________ (high) of the six students. 7 Among the six students, Millie is _________________ (slow) swimmer. 8 Amy is _________________ (fast) swimmer of the six students. 9 Simon’s test score for the standing long jump is _________________ (good) Peter’s. Simon’s test score for the standing long jump is _______________ (good) of the six students. the highest the slowest the fastest better than the best 23021 Describe your friends, including their looks and what they are good at, using comparative and superlative adjectives. 23021 一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。 当堂检测 Adjective Comparative Superlative funny bad healthy careful large smart slim funnier funniest worse healthier worst healthiest more careful most careful larger largest smarter smartest slimmer slimmest 23021 二、翻译下列句子。 1. 这台电脑比那台贵。 This computer is ________ __________ _________ that one. 2. 这三个盒子哪一个最重？ Which box is _______ ________ _______ _______ _______? 3. 今天比昨天热吗？ Is today _______ ________ yesterday? 4. 在这些学生中，Sandy数学最好。 Sandy is ______ _______ _______ _______ ______ ______ _______. 5. 第一道数学题比第二道难得多。 The first maths problem is much ________ ________ ______ the second one. more expensive than the heaviest of the three hotter than the best at maths among these students more difficult than 23021 $$