Unit 1 课时4 Grammar（分层作业）英语译林版2024八年级上册

Unit 1 Friendship 课时4 Grammar 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 05思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 worse （ adj. ）（ bad 的比较级）更差的 worst （ adj. ）（ bad 的最高级）最差的 height （ n. ）身高，高度 sec. （ abbr. ）（ =second ）秒 test （ n. ）测验，考查 句型 1. Max is more interesting than his classmates. 马克斯比他的同学们更有趣。 2. Betty is the most helpful person in our class. 贝蒂是我们班上最乐于助人的人。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______ （adj. ）（bad 的比较级）更差的 2. _______ （adj. ）（bad 的最高级）最差的 3. _______ （n. ）身高，高度 4. _______ （abbr. ）（=second）秒 5. _______ （n. ）测验，考查 二、词形变换。 1.height —（adj.）____________ 2. weight —（v.）____________ 3.pretty —（比较级）____________ 4.slim —（比较级）____________ 5.fine —（最高级）____________ 6.wonderful —（最高级）____________ 7.good —（比较级）____________ 8.bad —（最高级）____________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 马克斯比他的同学们更有趣。 Max is _______ _______ _______ his classmates. 2. 贝蒂是我们班上最乐于助人的人。 Betty is _______ _______ _______ _______ in our class. 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The __________ (hard) you study, the better grades you will get. 2. She is one of the most __________ (talented) singers in our school. 3. This book is __________ (interesting) than that one. 4. The weather is getting __________ (hot) and __________ (hot) in summer. 5. Who is the __________ (tall) in your class? 6. My sister is __________ (careful) than me when doing homework. 7. The __________ (much) you practice, the more skilled (skilled) you will become. 8. Mount Qomolangma is the __________ (high) mountain in the world. 9.The more you go jogging, the __________ (healthy) you will feel. Just try it! 10. Remember, it's easier to lose friends than __________ (make) friends. 五、阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is very hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. Making a good friend can make your life happy and easy. But 1.__________ to make friends? If you are in a new class, 2.__________ (not) be nervous. Be 3.__________ (friend) to others and they will be friendly to you too. Open up to other 4.__________ (student). They will like you soon. The same interest 5.__________ (be) important. Singing and dancing are many students' 6.__________ (hobby). If you have 7.__________ same hobbies, they will get close to you. At last, to keep a good friendship, we should 8.__________ (help), understand and respect(尊重) each other. You can also share your secrets 9.__________ each other. In a word, as a good friend, giving 10.__________ (other) more means getting more from others. 六、阅读还原。 Do you have friends? How many friends do you have? Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about something that brings you happiness. 1.__________ But maybe making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you’re a naturally shy person. 2.__________ Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you! The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast(胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying “Stay away from me!” 3.__________ On the other hand, if you’re feeling confident, you can try to approach someone. Just say “Hi, do you mind if I sit here?” 4.__________ After that, continue the conversation, by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you’ve read or has something that interests you. 5.__________ If you follow the advice, you can make friends easily. A. It is a great way to break the ice. B. So how can you make new friends? C. This will give you something fun to talk about. D. Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you. E. You can also share your problems and support each other. F. Instead, smile naturally if someone approaches(靠近) you. 七、阅读理解。 Friends bring joy and fun to our life. To most of us, it is always easy to make friends but hard to go on one more step closer to our friends. The tips below will help you. ·Be yourself with your friends. Sometimes your friends may find out that your true personality is completely different from what they thought it was. In order not to make them lose trust in you, find some proper time to tell them what you really often do and like to do. And they may understand you. ·Get through the difficult times with small tricks. People never know what kind of chocolate they are going to taste. It is true of life. When your friends taste the bad one, why not tell funny things about yourself, like “Am I like a round ball?” Hearing this, your friends may be happy again. The best friends may not always agree with each other and even have few words for days. Some small tricks like telling jokes or calling his or her nickname (绰号) may help you get along with your friends better. ·Find proper ways to communicate (交流) warmly. There is no doubt that people like to communicate with their close friends as often as possible. Remember those special days in your friends’ lives. Sometimes you book a table to help celebrate your friend’s birthday, but when you call her, she tells you her birthday is not that day. Don’t make it happen and remember the exact date. Having some activities also offers good chances to meet and chat with your friends. Make sure your friends will come and have fun. 1. The writer thinks it's difficult for people to ______. A. make new friends at school B. go deeper in friendships C. remember friends' birthdays D. find friends with common hobbies 2. What should you do if your friend is in a bad mood? A. Tell funny things about yourself. B. Discuss your differences openly. C. Avoid talking to them for days. D. Share your own secrets immediately. 3. The underlined sentence "People never know what kind of chocolate they are going to taste" implies that ______. A. life is full of surprises and challenges B. friends should share chocolates often C. everyone has different tastes in food D. it's hard to understand others' feelings 4. Which of the following is a proper way to communicate warmly with friends? A. Calling them by their full name. B. Booking a table for an unclear date. C. Remembering their exact birthday. D. Avoiding activities that they dislike. 5. The passage mainly tells us ______. A. why friends bring joy to life B. how to build deeper friendships C. how to solve conflicts with friends D. what true friends should be like Part 1: Read and Explore As Peter was flying towards the ship, he passed the crocodile(鳄鱼). It had swallowed(吞) a clock that goes “tick, tick” inside it before. However, the clock wasn’t ticking then. Peter realized it must have stopped. He began ticking himself so that the other animals would think he was the crocodile and leave him alone. The crocodile, thinking that Peter had taken the clock, followed him. But when Peter reached the ship, Captain Hook believed the crocodile was coming to get him. Peter climbed over the side of the ship and went inside a room. He barked like a dog, and all the pirates(海盗) were very afraid. Hook sent two pirates in to find out what the noise was, but they didn’t come back. Then he sent in the children. Inside, Peter set them free, and they prepared to fight. Peter ran out to meet Hook. “It is I, Peter Pan!” he cried. “Get him!” cried Hook. The pirates ran at Peter, and the lost boys ran forward to fight them. The pirates were stronger, but they were so afraid of the ticking and the noise of the dog that they didn’t fight well. Finally only Captain Hook was ready to fight. Peter came to fight him. For a long time, the two enemies stood face to face. They began to fight. At last, Peter hit Hook with his sword. Captain Hook began to bleed. Captain Hook continued to fight, but he was not strong any more. He knew he was going to die. He ran to the side of the ship and jumped into the sea. He didn’t know the crocodile was waiting for him, as it no longer ticked. The crocodile swallowed him in one bite. —Taken from Peter Pan Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. Why did the pirates fight poorly? A. They were afraid of Peter's sword. B. They heard the crocodile's ticking and a dog's bark. C. The lost boys had stronger weapons. D. Captain Hook ordered them to surrender. 2. What THREE actions did Peter take to trick the pirates? a. ___________________________ b. ___________________________ c. ___________________________ Task 2: Talk About Feelings（情感表达） 3. Complete the sentences with proper words: Captain Hook felt ______ when he saw the crocodile without ticking. (terrified/relieved) Peter showed his ______ by freeing the children from the pirates. (bravery/carelessness) The pirates' fear of the ticking was ______ because it distracted them from fighting. (reasonable/silly) Task 3: Be a Problem Solver（问题解决） 4. Imagine you're Peter Pan. How would you use creativity to defeat an enemy who fears a specific sound? Use at least one strategy from the story (e.g., imitating sounds, using enemies' fears against them). Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. Do you think Peter was fair to the pirates by using their fears to win? Why or why not? Support your answer with examples from the story. $$Unit 1 Friendship 课时4 Grammar 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 05思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 worse （ adj. ）（ bad 的比较级）更差的 worst （ adj. ）（ bad 的最高级）最差的 height （ n. ）身高，高度 sec. （ abbr. ）（ =second ）秒 test （ n. ）测验，考查 句型 1. Max is more interesting than his classmates. 马克斯比他的同学们更有趣。 2. Betty is the most helpful person in our class. 贝蒂是我们班上最乐于助人的人。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______ （adj. ）（bad 的比较级）更差的 2. _______ （adj. ）（bad 的最高级）最差的 3. _______ （n. ）身高，高度 4. _______ （abbr. ）（=second）秒 5. _______ （n. ）测验，考查 【答案】worse; worst; height; sec.; test 二、词形变换。 1.height —（adj.）____________ 2. weight —（v.）____________ 3.pretty —（比较级）____________ 4.slim —（比较级）____________ 5.fine —（最高级）____________ 6.wonderful —（最高级）____________ 7.good —（比较级）____________ 8.bad —（最高级）____________ 【答案】high; weigh；prettier; slimmer; finest; most wonderful; better; worst 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 马克斯比他的同学们更有趣。 Max is _______ _______ _______ his classmates. 2. 贝蒂是我们班上最乐于助人的人。 Betty is _______ _______ _______ _______ in our class. 【答案】1. more interesting than; 2. the most helpful person 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The __________ (hard) you study, the better grades you will get. 2. She is one of the most __________ (talented) singers in our school. 3. This book is __________ (interesting) than that one. 4. The weather is getting __________ (hot) and __________ (hot) in summer. 5. Who is the __________ (tall) in your class? 6. My sister is __________ (careful) than me when doing homework. 7. The __________ (much) you practice, the more skilled (skilled) you will become. 8. Mount Qomolangma is the __________ (high) mountain in the world. 9.The more you go jogging, the __________ (healthy) you will feel. Just try it! 10. Remember, it's easier to lose friends than __________ (make) friends. 【答案】1. harder 2. talented 3. more interesting 4. hotter; hotter 5. tallest 6. more careful 7. more 8. highest 9. healthier 10. to make 五、阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is very hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. Making a good friend can make your life happy and easy. But 1.__________ to make friends? If you are in a new class, 2.__________ (not) be nervous. Be 3.__________ (friend) to others and they will be friendly to you too. Open up to other 4.__________ (student). They will like you soon. The same interest 5.__________ (be) important. Singing and dancing are many students' 6.__________ (hobby). If you have 7.__________ same hobbies, they will get close to you. At last, to keep a good friendship, we should 8.__________ (help), understand and respect(尊重) each other. You can also share your secrets 9.__________ each other. In a word, as a good friend, giving 10.__________ (other) more means getting more from others. 【答案】how; don't; friendly; students; is; hobbies; the; help; with; others 【导语】 独自在家时很难交到朋友，而拥有好朋友能让生活变得快乐轻松。那么，如何建立友谊呢？本文从心态、相处方式、共同兴趣及维护友谊的要点等方面，为你提供实用的交友指南，帮助你在新环境中轻松收获真挚的友情。 1. how 解析：根据上下文，此处询问“如何交朋友”，用疑问词how引导特殊疑问句，符合语境。 2. don’t 解析：祈使句的否定形式用“don’t + 动词原形”，表示“不要紧张”。 3. friendly 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，friend的形容词形式为friendly（友好的），与后文“they will be friendly to you”呼应。 4. students 解析：other后接可数名词复数，student的复数形式为students，表示“向其他学生敞开心扉”。 5. is 解析：主语“The same interest”为单数，谓语动词用is，说明“共同的兴趣很重要”。 6. hobbies 解析：many后接可数名词复数，hobby的复数形式为hobbies，“唱歌和跳舞是许多学生的爱好”。 7. the 解析：固定搭配“the same”表示“相同的”，“如果你们有相同的爱好，他们会亲近你”。 8. help 解析：should为情态动词，后接动词原形，与understand和respect并列，意为“我们应该互相帮助、理解和尊重”。 9. with 解析：固定搭配“share...with...”表示“与……分享……”，“你们也可以互相分享秘密”。 10. others 解析：others为代词，指代“其他人”，此处表示“给予他人更多意味着从他人那里获得更多”。 六、阅读还原。 Do you have friends? How many friends do you have? Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about something that brings you happiness. 1.__________ But maybe making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you’re a naturally shy person. 2.__________ Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you! The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast(胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying “Stay away from me!” 3.__________ On the other hand, if you’re feeling confident, you can try to approach someone. Just say “Hi, do you mind if I sit here?” 4.__________ After that, continue the conversation, by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you’ve read or has something that interests you. 5.__________ If you follow the advice, you can make friends easily. A. It is a great way to break the ice. B. So how can you make new friends? C. This will give you something fun to talk about. D. Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you. E. You can also share your problems and support each other. F. Instead, smile naturally if someone approaches(靠近) you. 【答案】1.E 2. B 3. F 4. A 5. C 【解析】 1. E. You can also share your problems and support each other. 前文提到“可以谈论带来快乐的事情”，E选项用“also”衔接，补充“分享问题和互相支持”，与前文构成并列关系，符合语境。 2. B. So how can you make new friends? 前一句指出“在学校交新朋友不容易”，后文紧接着给出建议，B选项以疑问句引出“如何交朋友”，承上启下，逻辑连贯。 3. F. Instead, smile naturally if someone approaches you. 前文描述“交叉手臂、戴耳机”的封闭肢体语言，F选项用“Instead”转折，建议“自然微笑”，与上文形成对比，呼应本段“微笑”的主题。 4. A. It is a great way to break the ice. 前一句举例“主动搭话”，A选项中的“a great way”指代前文的搭话行为，说明这是“打破僵局”的有效方式，符合逻辑。 5. C. This will give you something fun to talk about. 前文提到“寻找共同之处”（如共读一本书），C选项中的“this”指代共同兴趣，说明这能提供有趣的谈资，衔接自然。 七、阅读理解。 Friends bring joy and fun to our life. To most of us, it is always easy to make friends but hard to go on one more step closer to our friends. The tips below will help you. ·Be yourself with your friends. Sometimes your friends may find out that your true personality is completely different from what they thought it was. In order not to make them lose trust in you, find some proper time to tell them what you really often do and like to do. And they may understand you. ·Get through the difficult times with small tricks. People never know what kind of chocolate they are going to taste. It is true of life. When your friends taste the bad one, why not tell funny things about yourself, like “Am I like a round ball?” Hearing this, your friends may be happy again. The best friends may not always agree with each other and even have few words for days. Some small tricks like telling jokes or calling his or her nickname (绰号) may help you get along with your friends better. ·Find proper ways to communicate (交流) warmly. There is no doubt that people like to communicate with their close friends as often as possible. Remember those special days in your friends’ lives. Sometimes you book a table to help celebrate your friend’s birthday, but when you call her, she tells you her birthday is not that day. Don’t make it happen and remember the exact date. Having some activities also offers good chances to meet and chat with your friends. Make sure your friends will come and have fun. 1. The writer thinks it's difficult for people to ______. A. make new friends at school B. go deeper in friendships C. remember friends' birthdays D. find friends with common hobbies 2. What should you do if your friend is in a bad mood? A. Tell funny things about yourself. B. Discuss your differences openly. C. Avoid talking to them for days. D. Share your own secrets immediately. 3. The underlined sentence "People never know what kind of chocolate they are going to taste" implies that ______. A. life is full of surprises and challenges B. friends should share chocolates often C. everyone has different tastes in food D. it's hard to understand others' feelings 4. Which of the following is a proper way to communicate warmly with friends? A. Calling them by their full name. B. Booking a table for an unclear date. C. Remembering their exact birthday. D. Avoiding activities that they dislike. 5. The passage mainly tells us ______. A. why friends bring joy to life B. how to build deeper friendships C. how to solve conflicts with friends D. what true friends should be like 【答案】BAACB 【解析】 1. B 定位第一段第二句 “it is always easy to make friends but hard to go on one more step closer to our friends”，句中 “go on one more step closer” 对应 B 选项 “go deeper in friendships”，指“深入友谊”的困难性。 2. A 根据 “Get through the difficult times with small tricks” 部分，原文明确建议 “tell funny things about yourself” 来缓解朋友的坏情绪，A 选项正确。其他选项与段落内容无关。 3. A 比喻句将生活比作巧克力，强调 “未知性”。A 选项 “life is full of surprises and challenges”（生活充满惊喜与挑战）符合比喻的象征意义，其他选项停留在字面意思，偏离主旨。 4. C 由 “Find proper ways to communicate warmly” 部分可知，“remember the exact date”（记住准确生日）是正确做法，C 选项正确。B 选项 “unclear date” 与原文 “don’t make it happen” 矛盾，A、D 选项未在文中提及。 5. B 全文通过三条建议（做自己、用小技巧度过困难、温暖沟通），核心围绕 “如何深化友谊”。B 选项 “how to build deeper friendships” 准确概括主旨，其他选项均为细节或片面内容。 Part 1: Read and Explore As Peter was flying towards the ship, he passed the crocodile(鳄鱼). It had swallowed(吞) a clock that goes “tick, tick” inside it before. However, the clock wasn’t ticking then. Peter realized it must have stopped. He began ticking himself so that the other animals would think he was the crocodile and leave him alone. The crocodile, thinking that Peter had taken the clock, followed him. But when Peter reached the ship, Captain Hook believed the crocodile was coming to get him. Peter climbed over the side of the ship and went inside a room. He barked like a dog, and all the pirates(海盗) were very afraid. Hook sent two pirates in to find out what the noise was, but they didn’t come back. Then he sent in the children. Inside, Peter set them free, and they prepared to fight. Peter ran out to meet Hook. “It is I, Peter Pan!” he cried. “Get him!” cried Hook. The pirates ran at Peter, and the lost boys ran forward to fight them. The pirates were stronger, but they were so afraid of the ticking and the noise of the dog that they didn’t fight well. Finally only Captain Hook was ready to fight. Peter came to fight him. For a long time, the two enemies stood face to face. They began to fight. At last, Peter hit Hook with his sword. Captain Hook began to bleed. Captain Hook continued to fight, but he was not strong any more. He knew he was going to die. He ran to the side of the ship and jumped into the sea. He didn’t know the crocodile was waiting for him, as it no longer ticked. The crocodile swallowed him in one bite. —Taken from Peter Pan Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. Why did the pirates fight poorly? A. They were afraid of Peter's sword. B. They heard the crocodile's ticking and a dog's bark. C. The lost boys had stronger weapons. D. Captain Hook ordered them to surrender. 2. What THREE actions did Peter take to trick the pirates? a. ___________________________ b. ___________________________ c. ___________________________ Task 2: Talk About Feelings（情感表达） 3. Complete the sentences with proper words: Captain Hook felt ______ when he saw the crocodile without ticking. (terrified/relieved) Peter showed his ______ by freeing the children from the pirates. (bravery/carelessness) The pirates' fear of the ticking was ______ because it distracted them from fighting. (reasonable/silly) Task 3: Be a Problem Solver（问题解决） 4. Imagine you're Peter Pan. How would you use creativity to defeat an enemy who fears a specific sound? Use at least one strategy from the story (e.g., imitating sounds, using enemies' fears against them). Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. Do you think Peter was fair to the pirates by using their fears to win? Why or why not? Support your answer with examples from the story. 【答案】 1. B 定位原文：“the pirates were stronger, but they were so afraid of the ticking and the noise of the dog that they didn’t fight well.” 海盗因害怕鳄鱼的滴答声和狗叫声而战斗力下降，B选项正确。 2. a. He imitated the crocodile’s ticking sound. b. He barked like a dog to scare the pirates. c. He freed the children to help fight. 解析：Peter通过模仿鳄鱼声音、学狗叫制造恐惧，并释放孩子壮大战斗力，这三点是他的关键策略。 3. terrified（Hook以为鳄鱼没声音就不会来，结果被吞，应是恐惧）； bravery（Peter救孩子体现勇敢）； reasonable（海盗对滴答声的恐惧是合理的，因曾被鳄鱼威胁）。 4. Example: “I would find out what sound the enemy fears—like how Hook feared the crocodile’s ticking. Then I’d imitate that sound to distract them, just like I ticked to pretend to be the crocodile. While they’re scared, I’d lead my friends to attack!” 5. Example: Yes, it was fair. The pirates were cruel (e.g., holding children captive), and Peter used their own fears (like the ticking) as a strategy. War isn’t always fair, but Peter protected the weak by outsmarting the enemy. Or No, it was unfair. Peter took advantage of the pirates’ phobias instead of fighting fairly. True heroism should rely on courage, not trickery. $$