Unit 1 Teenage Life（话题阅读精练）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 1 Teenage Life 话题阅读精练 阅读主题词汇积累 学科与课程 compulsory subjects 必修课 optional/elective subjects 选修课 literature 文学 physics 物理 chemistry 化学 biology 生物学 geography 地理 PE (Physical Education) 体育 课本重点词汇： freshman (高中/大学) 一年级新生 sophomore 二年级学生 advanced course 高级课程 quit/drop a course 退选课程 2. 校园活动与挑战 extracurricular activities 课外活动 school club 学校社团 volunteer work 志愿工作 debate competition 辩论赛 time management 时间管理 课本重点词汇： challenge 挑战 → face challenges 面对挑战 pressure 压力 → peer pressure 同龄人压力 conflict 冲突 → resolve conflicts 解决冲突 3. 情感与社交 awkward 尴尬的 confident 自信的 anxious 焦虑的 frustrated 沮丧的 课本重点词汇： adjust to 适应（新环境） · 例句: She struggled to adjust to high school life. responsible 有责任的 → take responsibility 承担责任 4. 高频短语与搭配 make a difference 产生影响 take up a hobby 开始一项爱好 fall behind 落后 keep up with 跟上 fit in 融入（群体） 课本例句： "I want to make friends but feel too shy." "He chose to take up photography as a hobby." 5. 写作实用词汇 balance studies and hobbies 平衡学习与爱好 overcome difficulties 克服困难 set goals 设定目标 拓展词汇： dormitory (dorm) 宿舍（寄宿学校相关） tutor 家教/导师 话题阅读精练 （一）阅读理解 Passage01 English is the most widely used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings can speak it. More than half of the world’s books and three quarters of international mails are in English. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary — perhaps as many as two million words. However, let’s face it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweetmeats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat. We take English for granted. But when we explore its paradoxes (探讨它的矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them. And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers don’t fing, grocers don’t groce, and hammers don’t ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn’t the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese — so one moose, two meese? How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next? English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects (反映) the creativity of human beings. That’s why, when stars are out, they are visible (能看见的); but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it. 1．According to the passage ______. A．boxing rings should be round B．pineapples are the apples on the pine tree C．there should be an egg in an eggplant D．sweet-meats and sweetbreads are different things 2．Which of the following is the correct plural form (复数形式)? A．Beeth. B．Meese. C．Geese. D．Tooth. 3．Which of the following has the similar meaning? A．Quite a lot and quite a few. B．Overlook and oversee. C．A wise man and a wise guy. D．Hot as hell and cold as hell. 4．Through the many paradoxes in the English language, the writer wants to show that human beings are ______. A．lazy B．crazy C．clever D．stupid 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章列举了一些英语词汇，以说明人类的智慧和创造性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Sweetmeats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat.(sweetmeats是糖果，而sweetbreads不是甜食，却是肉)”可知, sweetmeats和sweetbreads两个词的意思不同，指的是不同的事物。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“One goose, two geese — so one moose, two meese?(一只goose，两只geese——那么一只moose，两只meese？)”可知, 正确的复数形式是geese。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike?(为什么overlook和oversee意思相反，而quite a lot和quite a few意思相近？)”可知, quite a lot与quite a few表达意思相同。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects (反映) the creativity of human beings.(英语是人类而不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力)”可知, 英语是被人创造的, 它反映了人类的创造性和智慧。故选C。 Passage02 Sharon, Aged 22 The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I don’t know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night. It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need. Frank, Aged 21 I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck！ Eddie, Aged 20 When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didn’t really know anyone, I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier after you know it. David, Aged 19 I’m not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you’ll get used to it. Don’t be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know you’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week it’s really not bad at all. Don’t worry. 5．What can we infer from Sharon about high school? A．Teachers are quite strict. B．Students often stay up at night. C．Teachers provide little care for students. D．Students should make good use of their time. 6．How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school? A．Excited B．Bored. C．Worried. D．Relaxed. 7．Who mentions the importance of friends? A．Frank. B．David. C．Sharon. D．Eddie. 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要通过几个高中生的真实经历来讲述如何快速适应高中生活。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to. (最好是学会聪明地处理事情和管理你的时间，这样你就可以完成你需要做的一切。)”可知，Sharon认为学生们应该好好地利用自己的时间。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didn’t really know anyone (当我刚进高中时，我也非常紧张，尤其是因为我整个初中都是在家里接受教育，我不认识任何人)”可知，Eddie刚进高中的时候感到很焦虑紧张。故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第六句“Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. (交一些朋友，和他们呆在一起会大大帮助你很快适应高中生活。)”可知，David提到了朋友。故选B项。 Passage03 Her encouragement seemed to work wonders. Even more students began to hand in their homework, and studied much harder than before. Li says she believes in the strength of "the devoted style of teaching and schooling". "Compared with knowledge, the students are more eager for an emotional connection and the feeling of being cared for," says Li. Guo Yanhong, a student of Li, came to her office almost every day and asked Li to check his homework or explain problems. Sometimes he even seemed to be quite happy if Li criticized him for making mistakes. By talking to Guo, Li got to know his mother had left home when he was young, and his father went far away for work. One day, when Li was examining Guo's homework, she saw a wound on his hand, and reminded him to dress it to prevent infection. Her caring words hit Guo hard. He later wrote in an essay that he turned around and burst into a flood of tears upon hearing Li's words. "After reading his composition, I thought it was too exaggerated（夸大的）. How can someone be moved so much by such simple words? So I reminded my students not to fake（掩饰） emotions in their compositions and that they need to express their true feelings," says Li. But at her last class at Hanji school, when she asked if any student wanted to say something to her, Guo put up his hand first and said: "Ms Li, I didn't fake my emotions in the composition. All that I wrote was true. Maybe you thought what you said were simple words, but for me, who has never received much care, you were just like my mother in that moment." Li still feels regret for her misunderstanding of Guo. "Guo made me understand that I should pay more attention to my way of talking to students, since a teacher's words can be really influential," she says. 8．What’s the purpose of Li's encouragement at first? A．to ask students to hand in homework B．to ask the students to study hard C．to know the condition of the students. D．get a good reputation 9．The students seem to care ______more . A．knowledge B．care C．praise D．criticism 10．Why did Guo write the exaggerated composition? A．He wanted to make a good impression on the teacher. B．He didn't have the solid foundation. C．He was too moved because of the teacher’s words. D．He is misunderstood. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了李老师和学生的故事，老师通过和孩子们谈心，了解到留守儿童更需要关爱，爱是促使孩子努力学习的动力。 8．推理判断题。通过第一段“Her encouragement seemed to work wonders. Even more students began to hand in their homework, and studied much harder than before.”可知，老师的鼓励出现了奇迹，孩子们交作业并努力学习了。即老师是想通过鼓励促使孩子们好好学习交作业。故选A。 9．推理判断题。通过第二段的“Compared with knowledge, the students are more eager for an emotional connection and the feeling of being cared for.”可知，与知识相比，学生更渴望情感上的联系和被照顾的感觉。根据倒数第三段的“…but for me, who has never received much care, you were just like my mother in that moment.”可知，但对“我”来说，“我”从来没有受到太多照顾，那时您就像“我”的母亲。由此可知，孩子最需要的是“关爱”。故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Ms Li, I didn’t fake my emotions in the composition. All that I wrote was true. Maybe you thought what you said were simple words, but for me, who has never received much care, you were just like my mother in that moment. ”可知，李老师，“我”没有在作文中伪装自己的情绪。“我”写的都是真的。也许您以为您说的是简单的话，但对“我”来说 ，从小没有受到多少照顾，那一刻您就像“我”的母亲。因此，从学生的话语看得出老师的关心对他触动很大。故选C。 Passage04 How to Make Good Conversation “Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.” I totally agree with this point. Conversation is the main part of everyone’s daily life. 11 What’s more, good conversation is the most interesting part for us. In my view, you should pay attention to the following three issues to make good conversation. To start good conversation, we'd better prepare some questions. 12 We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others. Like, do you have a good sleep last night? Or what do you do in your spare time? Think twice before you throw a question to others. 13 We should pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes. Allow the others to do most of the talking. Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully. 14 In this way you will get the credit for being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and it will help you to make friends with others. We always said eyes are the windows to the soul. Appropriate eye contact is like a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious. 15 It will help us to improve mutual (相互的) understanding. Do not hesitate to look into them. But don't stare at them and don't look at them for too long a time. It would make others feel uneasy and unwilling to go on talking. A．Good questions make people feel comfortable. B．Without conversation, life would be as cold as a rock. C．The most important part of conversation is to listen. D．Enjoy good conversation and be friends with them. E．Do not interrupt others when they share their views excitedly. F．They have some ideas that they want us to know and even convince us. G．During conversation, we should look the speakers in the eye friendly. 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 14．E 15．G 【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了与人交谈应注意的三个方面。 11．根据空前的“Conversation is the main part of everyone's daily life”可知，交谈是每个人日常生活中的重要部分，空处承接上文，进一步说明交谈在日常生活中的重要性，故B项“没有交谈，生活会冷若磐石”符合语境。故选B。 12．根据本段主题句“To start good conversation we'd better prepare some questions”可知，我们在开始交谈前最好准备一些问题，再结合空后的“We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others”可知，空处应是在说明问问题的益处，故A项“好的问题会让人感到舒服”符合语境。且A选项中的“Good questions”与上下句中的questions呼应。故选A。 13．根据下文中的“pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes”；“Allow the others to do most of the talking”；“show you are listening carefully”和“a good listener”可知，本段主要讲的是倾听方面的内容，故C项“交谈中最重要的部分是倾听”符合语境。故选C。 14．根据上文中的“Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully”可知，空处应是对上文中的“listening carefully”的进一步说明，故E项“当他们兴奋地分享观点时不要打断他们”符合语境。故选E。 15．根据本段的内容可知，本段主要说明的是交谈中眼神交流的重要性，G项中的“look the speakers in the eye”与上文中的“eye contact”及下文中的“look into them”相呼应，故G项符合语境。故选G。 【点睛】七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文通过看首段及后续段落首句可知：是总分的形式。第五题，按照段落内容与段落主旨句内容一致性解题。第三题是段落内容的总结，且可以从它与第一段与第三段主旨句的并列关系解题。第四题可依据内容一致性结合句式解题，第二题依据其承上启下的关系解题，第一题依据句子之间递进的逻辑关系解题。我们可以看出，每个题只依据内容解题是不够的，我们需要句式、呼应等方法先来缩小答案范围，再结合内容一致性解题，解题的速度和准确度会提升很多。 Passage05 How to go for a greener drive Buying green things can produce great benefits and so can small changes in your driving behavior. 16 Avoid aggressive driving. A sudden start and aggressive driving can waste your gas. 17 That’s because just one second of high-powered driving can produce the same level of CO as 30 minutes of normal driving. 18 A lot of us like to push the speedometer up to 75 miles per hour on the highway. However, slowing down to 65 miles per hour can increase your fuel economy by up to 10 percent and reduce the amount of pollution coming from your car. Pay attention at the gas station. Don’t overfill your gas tank or try to top the oil up because spilled gas changes into the mixture of fog and smoke and can pollute groundwater. When you finish filling the car up, be sure to tighten your gas cap. 19 Park smartly. Parking your car in the shade not only helps you avoid feeling very hot in your car, but helps minimize evaporation(蒸发) of fuel. 20 By walking, cycling or public transport, you will make a big difference to our planet. Leave your car at home just two days a week. And you will help cut greenhouse gas emissions by 1,500 pounds a year. A．Slow down. B．Change the oil. C．Leave your car at home. D．And this type of driving behavior adds to pollution. E．In this way you can save as much as 30 gallons a year. F．The following advice can help you save gas and contribute to the well-being of our planet. G．Parking in your garage when possible to cut down on summer heat and keep off frost in the winter. 【答案】16．F 17．D 18．A 19．E 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何驾驶可以更加环保，并给出了几点建议。 16．前文提到“Buying green things can produce great benefits and so can small changes in your driving behavior. ”（购买环保产品可以产生巨大的好处，因此可以在你的驾驶行为的小改变。）且根据下文中的几点建议，可知此处引出下文。F项“The following advice can help you save gas and contribute to the well-being of our planet.”（下面的建议可以帮助你节省汽油，为我们的星球做出贡献。）该项符合文意，故选F。 17．第二段第二句提到“A sudden start and aggressive driving can waste your gas.”（突然启动和猛烈驾驶会浪费你的汽油。）且后文提到“That’s because just one second of high-powered driving can produce the same level of CO as 30 minutes of normal driving.”（这是因为高功率驾驶一秒钟产生的二氧化碳与正常驾驶30分钟产生的二氧化碳相同。）由此判断，猛烈的驾驶不仅会浪费汽油，而且会产生大量的二氧化碳，说明这种驾驶方式会增加污染。D项“And this type of driving behavior adds to pollution.”（这种驾驶行为加剧了污染。）该项符合文意。故选D。 18．第三段第二三句提到“A lot of us like to push the speedometer up to 75 miles per hour on the highway. However, slowing down to 65 miles per hour can increase your fuel economy by up to 10 percent and reduce the amount of pollution coming from your car.”（我们很多人在高速公路上喜欢把速度计调到每小时75英里。然而，减速到每小时65英里可以提高你的燃油经济性高达10%，并减少来自你的汽车的污染。）由此判断，如果把速度降低的话，不仅能提高汽油的燃烧，同时还会减少污染。A项“Slow down.”（减速）该项符合文意。故选A。 19．第四段第二三句提到“Don’t overfill your gas tank or try to top the oil up because spilled gas changes into the mixture of fog and smoke and can pollute groundwater. When you finish filling the car up, be sure to tighten your gas cap.”（不要把你的油箱加满或试图把油加满，因为溢出的气体会变成雾和烟的混合物，并且会污染地下水。当你给汽车加满油后，一定要拧紧油盖。）由此判断，不要加满油箱，而且也要把油箱盖拧紧，否则也不仅会造成浪费，同时也会污染环境。E项“In this way you can save as much as 30 gallons a year.”（这样你一年可以节省30加仑汽油。）该项符合文意。故选E。 20．最后一段第二三句提到“By walking, cycling or public transport, you will make a big difference to our planet. Leave your car at home just two days a week.”（通过步行、骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具，你将对我们的地球产生重大影响。每周只把车留在家里两天。）由此判断，该段建议人们可以把车留在家里，通过其他对环境更友好的方式出行。C项“Leave your car at home.”（把你的车留在家里）该项符合文意。故选C。 Passage06 I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled(贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming. “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled(爬under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 21．What made Kate so angry one evening? A．She couldn’t find her books B．She heard the author shouting loud C．She got the news that her grandma was ill D．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed 22．The author tidied up the room most probably because . A．she was scared by Kate’s anger B．she hated herself for being so messy C．she wanted to show her care D．she was asked by Kate to do so 23．How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed? A．By analyzing causes B．By showing differences C．By describing a process D．By following time order 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．B 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者与室友生活习惯迥异，时有摩擦，但是在室友遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情，从而达成和好。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的I heard her screaming. 'Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!' Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me."，室友生气是因为作者乱丢乱放的鞋子。故选择D。 22．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart."可知，作者整理房间是出于对室友悲伤的同情而表达自己的关切。故选择C。 23．推理判断题。第一段对比描述了作者与室友在日常习惯上的种种差异。所以可以推断出第一段是通过 展示差异详尽阐述。故选B。 （2） 完形填空 Cloze 01 Honesty is always the best policy. Though lying often allows one to escape punishment for the moment, the 24 will always come out. In most situations, one will 25 that lying does not offer the same long-term benefits as honesty does. Sometimes people lie for the purpose of being 26 . For example my cousin Joanne was invited to her friend’s birthday party and she asked for my 27 on her dress. In fact, her dress was terrible, but I 28 and told her that the dress was beautiful. How could I 29 her excitement over the dress?  Looking back at that moment, I probably should have told her the truth, considering that the guests laughed at her. After that I realized the 30 of telling the truth. My brother once helped his best friend cheat on a 31 test. That night, he told me what happened at school. I was very angry and asked him to say sorry to his math teacher immediately 32 he went to school the next day.   33 , the teacher only forced the two boys to take the test again. If my brother had not followed my 34 , he might have been kicked out of school. Besides, my brother’s behavior sets a good example for his friend. So he 35 his friend and helped him avoid serious punishment. In some cases, lying seems to be difficult. For example, how can one 36 to young children what has happened when they lose one of their family members?  Lying seems kind, but if one lies to children, they may feel more 37 when they discover the facts. Therefore, it is important for each of us to be 38 anytime. 24．A．answer B．reason C．truth D．result 25．A．find B．mean C．imagine D．include 26．A．active B．polite C．fair D．silent 27．A．opinion B．decision C．information D．instruction 28．A．stopped B．arrived C．smiled D．appeared 29．A．hide B．ruin C．control D．cause 30．A．danger B．purpose C．importance D．possibility 31．A．math B．history C．spelling D．listening 32．A．since B．when C．though D．before 33．A．Clearly B．Painfully C．Strangely D．Luckily 34．A．rule B．advice C．example D．timetable 35．A．saved B．missed C．believed D．refused 36．A．prove B．explain C．report D．suggest 37．A．relaxed B．impatient C．confident D．surprised 38．A．honest B．brave C．kind D．careful 【答案】 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己和弟弟的事情阐述了诚实的重要性，认为对我们每个人来说，任何时候都保持诚实是很重要的。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管撒谎可以让人暂时逃过惩罚，但真相总会水落石出的。A. answer答案；B. reason理由；C. truth真相；D. result结果。根据本文第一句“Honesty is always the best policy”可知本文讲的是诚实与撒谎，所以这里要表达的是撒谎可以让你暂时躲过惩罚，但真相总会出来的，故选C项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，人们会发现说谎并不能带来与诚实（带来的）相同的长期利益。A. find发现；B. mean 意味着；C. imagine想象；D. include包括。结合语境，这里要表达的是人们会发现说谎并不能带来与诚实（带来的）相同的长期利益。故选A项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候人们为了礼貌撒谎。A. active积极的；活跃的；B. polite礼貌的；C. fair公平的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文“In fact, her dress was terrible, but I ___6___ and told her that the dress was beautiful.”可知在我的表妹问我她穿的裙子怎么样之后，尽管她的裙子很糟糕，我还是说她的裙子很漂亮。这是一种礼貌。所以这里要表达的是有时候人们为了礼貌撒谎。故选B项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她问我对她的裙子的看法。A. opinion意见；看法；B. decision决定；C. information信息；D. instruction说明，指令。根据后文“told her that the dress was beautiful”可知这里表妹问了我对于她裙子的看法。故选A项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她的裙子很糟糕，但我还是微笑着告诉她她的裙子很好看。A. stopped停止；B. arrived到达；C. smiled微笑；D. appeared出现；显得。我告诉表妹她的裙子很好看，这是一种夸奖，所以我应该是微笑着说的，故选C项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怎么能毁掉她对这件裙子的激动之情？A. hide藏；B. ruin毁坏；C. control控制；D. cause导致。结合语境可知，尽管她的裙子很糟糕，我还是说她的裙子很漂亮。我不忍心破坏表妹对这件裙子的激动之情，故选B项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后我意识到了说出真相的重要性。A. danger危险；B. purpose目的；C. importance重要性；D. possibility可能性。根据前文“I probably should have told her the truth, considering that the guests ___8___ her.”可知我没有对表妹说实话，表妹穿了糟糕的裙子被嘲笑了。所以这里要表达的是通过这件事我意识到了说出真相的重要性。故选C项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的哥哥曾经帮他最好的朋友在一次数学考试中作弊。A. math数学；B. history历史；C. spelling拼写；D. listening听力，收听。根据后文的“asked him to say sorry to his math teacher”可知我的哥哥是帮他的好朋友在数学（math）考试中作弊，故选A项。 32．考查连词词义辨析 。句意：我非常生气，要求他第二天去学校的时候立即向他的数学老师道歉。A. since自从，因为；B. when当……时候；C. though尽管；D. before在…….之前。结合语境语境，此处是我要哥哥第二天去学校的时候向他的数学老师道歉。故选B项。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运地是，老师只让这两个男孩重新考试。A. Clearly清楚地；显然地；B. Painfully痛苦地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据后文“If my brother had not followed my ___14___, he might have been kicked out of school.”可知我的哥哥如果没有听取我的建议有可能会被退学，因此老师只让哥哥和他的朋友重新考试对于他们来说是幸运的，故选D项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的哥哥没有听取我的建议，他可能会被赶出学校。A. rule规则；B. advice建议；C. example例子；D. timetable时间表。根据上文“ I was very angry and asked him to say sorry to his math teacher immediately _____he went to school the next day. ”后文可知哥哥听取了我的建议说了实话，follow one's advice为固定搭配，意为“听取某人的建议”符合语境。故选B项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他救了他的朋友，帮助他的朋友避开了严重的惩罚。句意：A. saved拯救；B. missed错过；想念；C. believed相信；D. refused拒绝。根据helped him avoid serious punishment.可知我的哥哥帮助他的朋友避开了严重的惩罚，这是救了（save）他。故选A项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当失去一个家庭成员时，如何向年幼的孩子解释发生了什么？A. prove证明；B. explain解释；C. report报道；D. suggest建议。当失去了家人时，应该是向孩子解释（explain）发生了什么，故选B项。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：说谎似乎是善意的，但如果一个人对孩子撒谎，孩子发现事实时可能会感到更加惊讶。A. relaxed放松的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. confident自信的；D. surprised感到惊奇的。结合语境，此处孩子发现事实后应该是感到惊讶的，故选D项。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，对我们每个人来说，任何时候都保持诚实是很重要的。A. honest诚实的；B. brave勇敢的；C. kind善良的；D. careful仔细的，小心的。作者通过自己和哥哥的事情阐述了诚实的重要性，所以这里作者要表达的是任何时候都保持诚实是很重要的。故选A项。 (三)语法填空 39．Her advice was that you (should) quit (drink). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】drinking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的建议是你应该戒酒。此处为短语quit doing sth.，表示“停止做某事”。故填drinking。 (四)书面表达 40．假定你是校学生会李华，你校校刊正在进行环保知识竞赛。请你以“The overuse of fossil fuels and ecological environment”为题，根据以下内容写一篇文章，投稿到校刊， 主要内容包括： (1)化石燃料的过度使用对生态环境有很大的影响； (2)原因与结果； (3)解决措施。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The overuse of fossil fuels and ecological environment ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The overuse of fossil fuels and ecological environment The overuse of fossil fuels has a great impact on ecological environment. This is mainly caused by pollution owing to various gases and solid wastes. This leads to the greenhouse effect, changes the global climate, and endangers the ecological balance. When we breathe in the air, the dust and other harmful things do great damage to us. In order to solve the scary issue and protect human beings from suffering, instead of turning our back on it, we should first clean up the environment bravely; on the other hand, we should explore new green energy to replace it. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生就学校举办的环保知识竞赛，以“The overuse of fossil fuels and ecological environment”写一篇稿件，投稿到校刊。内容包括：化石燃料的过度使用对生态环境有很大的影响；原因与结果；解决措施。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：impact→ effect/influence 因为：owing to → due to/because of 导致：lead to→ cause 解决：solve→ cope with/deal with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This is mainly caused by pollution owing to various gases and solid wastes. 拓展句：This is mainly caused by pollution that results from various gases and solid wastes. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When we breathe in the air, the dust and other harmful things do great damage to us.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】In order to solve the scary issue and protect human beings from suffering, instead of turning our back on it, we should first clean up the environment bravely（运用了to do不定式作目的状语） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Teenage Life 话题阅读精练 阅读主题词汇积累 学科与课程 compulsory subjects 必修课 optional/elective subjects 选修课 literature 文学 physics 物理 chemistry 化学 biology 生物学 geography 地理 PE (Physical Education) 体育 课本重点词汇： freshman (高中/大学) 一年级新生 sophomore 二年级学生 advanced course 高级课程 quit/drop a course 退选课程 2. 校园活动与挑战 extracurricular activities 课外活动 school club 学校社团 volunteer work 志愿工作 debate competition 辩论赛 time management 时间管理 课本重点词汇： challenge 挑战 → face challenges 面对挑战 pressure 压力 → peer pressure 同龄人压力 conflict 冲突 → resolve conflicts 解决冲突 3. 情感与社交 awkward 尴尬的 confident 自信的 anxious 焦虑的 frustrated 沮丧的 课本重点词汇： adjust to 适应（新环境） · 例句: She struggled to adjust to high school life. responsible 有责任的 → take responsibility 承担责任 4. 高频短语与搭配 make a difference 产生影响 take up a hobby 开始一项爱好 fall behind 落后 keep up with 跟上 fit in 融入（群体） 课本例句： "I want to make friends but feel too shy." "He chose to take up photography as a hobby." 5. 写作实用词汇 balance studies and hobbies 平衡学习与爱好 overcome difficulties 克服困难 set goals 设定目标 拓展词汇： dormitory (dorm) 宿舍（寄宿学校相关） tutor 家教/导师 话题阅读精练 （一）阅读理解 Passage01 English is the most widely used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings can speak it. More than half of the world’s books and three quarters of international mails are in English. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary — perhaps as many as two million words. However, let’s face it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweetmeats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat. We take English for granted. But when we explore its paradoxes (探讨它的矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them. And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers don’t fing, grocers don’t groce, and hammers don’t ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn’t the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese — so one moose, two meese? How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next? English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects (反映) the creativity of human beings. That’s why, when stars are out, they are visible (能看见的); but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it. 1．According to the passage ______. A．boxing rings should be round B．pineapples are the apples on the pine tree C．there should be an egg in an eggplant D．sweet-meats and sweetbreads are different things 2．Which of the following is the correct plural form (复数形式)? A．Beeth. B．Meese. C．Geese. D．Tooth. 3．Which of the following has the similar meaning? A．Quite a lot and quite a few. B．Overlook and oversee. C．A wise man and a wise guy. D．Hot as hell and cold as hell. 4．Through the many paradoxes in the English language, the writer wants to show that human beings are ______. A．lazy B．crazy C．clever D．stupid Passage02 Sharon, Aged 22 The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I don’t know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night. It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need. Frank, Aged 21 I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck！ Eddie, Aged 20 When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didn’t really know anyone, I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier after you know it. David, Aged 19 I’m not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you’ll get used to it. Don’t be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know you’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week it’s really not bad at all. Don’t worry. 5．What can we infer from Sharon about high school? A．Teachers are quite strict. B．Students often stay up at night. C．Teachers provide little care for students. D．Students should make good use of their time. 6．How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school? A．Excited B．Bored. C．Worried. D．Relaxed. 7．Who mentions the importance of friends? A．Frank. B．David. C．Sharon. D．Eddie. Passage03 Her encouragement seemed to work wonders. Even more students began to hand in their homework, and studied much harder than before. Li says she believes in the strength of "the devoted style of teaching and schooling". "Compared with knowledge, the students are more eager for an emotional connection and the feeling of being cared for," says Li. Guo Yanhong, a student of Li, came to her office almost every day and asked Li to check his homework or explain problems. Sometimes he even seemed to be quite happy if Li criticized him for making mistakes. By talking to Guo, Li got to know his mother had left home when he was young, and his father went far away for work. One day, when Li was examining Guo's homework, she saw a wound on his hand, and reminded him to dress it to prevent infection. Her caring words hit Guo hard. He later wrote in an essay that he turned around and burst into a flood of tears upon hearing Li's words. "After reading his composition, I thought it was too exaggerated（夸大的）. How can someone be moved so much by such simple words? So I reminded my students not to fake（掩饰） emotions in their compositions and that they need to express their true feelings," says Li. But at her last class at Hanji school, when she asked if any student wanted to say something to her, Guo put up his hand first and said: "Ms Li, I didn't fake my emotions in the composition. All that I wrote was true. Maybe you thought what you said were simple words, but for me, who has never received much care, you were just like my mother in that moment." Li still feels regret for her misunderstanding of Guo. "Guo made me understand that I should pay more attention to my way of talking to students, since a teacher's words can be really influential," she says. 8．What’s the purpose of Li's encouragement at first? A．to ask students to hand in homework B．to ask the students to study hard C．to know the condition of the students. D．get a good reputation 9．The students seem to care ______more . A．knowledge B．care C．praise D．criticism 10．Why did Guo write the exaggerated composition? A．He wanted to make a good impression on the teacher. B．He didn't have the solid foundation. C．He was too moved because of the teacher’s words. D．He is misunderstood. Passage04 How to Make Good Conversation “Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.” I totally agree with this point. Conversation is the main part of everyone’s daily life. 11 What’s more, good conversation is the most interesting part for us. In my view, you should pay attention to the following three issues to make good conversation. To start good conversation, we'd better prepare some questions. 12 We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others. Like, do you have a good sleep last night? Or what do you do in your spare time? Think twice before you throw a question to others. 13 We should pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes. Allow the others to do most of the talking. Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully. 14 In this way you will get the credit for being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and it will help you to make friends with others. We always said eyes are the windows to the soul. Appropriate eye contact is like a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious. 15 It will help us to improve mutual (相互的) understanding. Do not hesitate to look into them. But don't stare at them and don't look at them for too long a time. It would make others feel uneasy and unwilling to go on talking. A．Good questions make people feel comfortable. B．Without conversation, life would be as cold as a rock. C．The most important part of conversation is to listen. D．Enjoy good conversation and be friends with them. E．Do not interrupt others when they share their views excitedly. F．They have some ideas that they want us to know and even convince us. G．During conversation, we should look the speakers in the eye friendly. Passage05 How to go for a greener drive Buying green things can produce great benefits and so can small changes in your driving behavior. 16 Avoid aggressive driving. A sudden start and aggressive driving can waste your gas. 17 That’s because just one second of high-powered driving can produce the same level of CO as 30 minutes of normal driving. 18 A lot of us like to push the speedometer up to 75 miles per hour on the highway. However, slowing down to 65 miles per hour can increase your fuel economy by up to 10 percent and reduce the amount of pollution coming from your car. Pay attention at the gas station. Don’t overfill your gas tank or try to top the oil up because spilled gas changes into the mixture of fog and smoke and can pollute groundwater. When you finish filling the car up, be sure to tighten your gas cap. 19 Park smartly. Parking your car in the shade not only helps you avoid feeling very hot in your car, but helps minimize evaporation(蒸发) of fuel. 20 By walking, cycling or public transport, you will make a big difference to our planet. Leave your car at home just two days a week. And you will help cut greenhouse gas emissions by 1,500 pounds a year. A．Slow down. B．Change the oil. C．Leave your car at home. D．And this type of driving behavior adds to pollution. E．In this way you can save as much as 30 gallons a year. F．The following advice can help you save gas and contribute to the well-being of our planet. G．Parking in your garage when possible to cut down on summer heat and keep off frost in the winter. Passage06 I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled(贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming. “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled(爬under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 21．What made Kate so angry one evening? A．She couldn’t find her books B．She heard the author shouting loud C．She got the news that her grandma was ill D．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed 22．The author tidied up the room most probably because . A．she was scared by Kate’s anger B．she hated herself for being so messy C．she wanted to show her care D．she was asked by Kate to do so 23．How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed? A．By analyzing causes B．By showing differences C．By describing a process D．By following time order （2） 完形填空 Cloze 01 Honesty is always the best policy. Though lying often allows one to escape punishment for the moment, the 24 will always come out. In most situations, one will 25 that lying does not offer the same long-term benefits as honesty does. Sometimes people lie for the purpose of being 26 . For example my cousin Joanne was invited to her friend’s birthday party and she asked for my 27 on her dress. In fact, her dress was terrible, but I 28 and told her that the dress was beautiful. How could I 29 her excitement over the dress?  Looking back at that moment, I probably should have told her the truth, considering that the guests laughed at her. After that I realized the 30 of telling the truth. My brother once helped his best friend cheat on a 31 test. That night, he told me what happened at school. I was very angry and asked him to say sorry to his math teacher immediately 32 he went to school the next day.   33 , the teacher only forced the two boys to take the test again. If my brother had not followed my 34 , he might have been kicked out of school. Besides, my brother’s behavior sets a good example for his friend. So he 35 his friend and helped him avoid serious punishment. In some cases, lying seems to be difficult. For example, how can one 36 to young children what has happened when they lose one of their family members?  Lying seems kind, but if one lies to children, they may feel more 37 when they discover the facts. Therefore, it is important for each of us to be 38 anytime. 24．A．answer B．reason C．truth D．result 25．A．find B．mean C．imagine D．include 26．A．active B．polite C．fair D．silent 27．A．opinion B．decision C．information D．instruction 28．A．stopped B．arrived C．smiled D．appeared 29．A．hide B．ruin C．control D．cause 30．A．danger B．purpose C．importance D．possibility 31．A．math B．history C．spelling D．listening 32．A．since B．when C．though D．before 33．A．Clearly B．Painfully C．Strangely D．Luckily 34．A．rule B．advice C．example D．timetable 35．A．saved B．missed C．believed D．refused 36．A．prove B．explain C．report D．suggest 37．A．relaxed B．impatient C．confident D．surprised 38．A．honest B．brave C．kind D．careful (三)语法填空 39．Her advice was that you (should) quit (drink). (所给词的适当形式填空) (四)书面表达 40．假定你是校学生会李华，你校校刊正在进行环保知识竞赛。请你以“The overuse of fossil fuels and ecological environment”为题，根据以下内容写一篇文章，投稿到校刊， 主要内容包括： (1)化石燃料的过度使用对生态环境有很大的影响； (2)原因与结果； (3)解决措施。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The overuse of fossil fuels and ecological environment ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$