Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 单词知识点 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

2024-2025福州高级中学英语基础知识点 XB3U2单词知识点 1. tobacco [təˈbækəʊ]: n. 烟草; 烟叶 cigarette n.香烟；卷烟 smoke 抽烟 2. alcohol [ˈælkəhɒl]: n. 酒; 酒精 alcoholic adj. 酒精的，饮酒引起的 wine: n. 果酒; 葡萄酒 3. abuse [əˈbjuːs]: n. 滥用; 虐待; 辱骂 [əˈbjuːz]: vt. 滥用; 虐待; 辱骂 abuse sb: 辱骂/虐待某人 abuse alcohol/drugs: 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse one’s power/position/privilege 滥用职权/特权 verbal abuse言语上的辱骂 / child abuse 虐待儿童 / drug abuse 滥用药物 4. physical [ˈfɪzɪkl]: adj. 身体的; 客观存在的; 物理学的 mental [ˈmentl]: adj. 精神的; 智力的；心理的 physics [ˈfɪzɪks]: n. 物理physicist [ˈfɪzɪsɪst]: n. 物理学家 physician [fɪˈzɪʃn]: n. 医生; 内科医生 5.dominate [ˈdɒmɪneɪt]:vt. & vi. 支配, 控制; 占有优势; 俯视 · domination n. 控制；影响 · dominance n. 支配地位; 优势 · dominating adj. 主要的；独裁的；有影响力的 · dominatingly adv. 有领导作风地；独裁地dominant adj. 首要的, 占支配地位的 be dominated by　由……主宰; 由某人所控制、支配 dominate the city俯视全城 dominate the match/war在比赛/战争中占上风 dominating figure主要人物； 强势人物 dominating factor主导因素 achieve/establish dominance over获得对……的控制 【拓展】“统治”词汇 rule 统治; govern 掌控; regulate 调控; manage 管理 6.repeatedly [rɪˈpiːtɪdli]: adv. 重复地 repeat [rɪˈpiːt]: v. 重复; 重说/做/写/播; 背诵 repeated: adj. 反复的; 再三的 Repetition [ˌrepəˈtɪʃn]: n.重复; 重做; 重说 7.psychology [saɪˈkɒlədʒi]: n. 心理学; 心理; 心理影响 philosophy [fəˈlɒsəfi]: n. 哲学 8.cue [kju:]: n. 提示;暗示;信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) 9. in response to...: 回答; 答复 to 是介词，后跟n. 代词或者v-ing response: n. 回答; 答复; 反应; 响应 respond [rɪˈspɒnd] vi. 回答，做出反应 respond by doing sth 通过做某事回应 respond to 对…作出反应、回应，回复 = make a response to respond with 用…回应 respond with a smile 报以微笑 1)Secondly, there is a “routine”, the regular action you take in response to the cue. 其次,有一个“惯例”,即你对“暗示”做出的常规反应。 2)The teacher changed her teaching methods in response to the students’request. 1. In response to the plan, we have changed our work schedule. 10. reward [rɪˈwɔːd]: n. 回报; 奖励; 报酬 vt. 奖励; 奖赏; 给以报酬 (指给予勤劳及品德高尚者的奖励, 也指警方提供的悬赏金) award: n. 奖; 奖品; 奖金; 奖状 （常用于奖项名称） (因为作出优异成就而受奖) Academy Award: 奥斯卡奖 rewarding adj. 有益的, 值得的; 有报酬的 reward n. 回报; 奖励; 报酬 in reward (for) 作为（对…的）回报 as a reward for. . . 作为……的报酬; 作为……的回报 a reward for (doing) sth 因（做）某事而获得奖励 give/offer a reward to sb for sth 因为某事给某人奖励 reward vt. 奖励;奖赏;给以报酬: reward sb with sth 用某物奖励某人 reward sb for (doing) sth 因为（做）某事奖励某人 eg: We gave him a gift as a reward for his kindness. He received a medal in reward for his bravery. They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers when the match ended. 11. rely [rɪˈlaɪ]: vi. 依赖;依靠;信赖 reliable [rɪˈlaɪəbl]: adj. 可靠的; 可信的 rely on … to do /doing sth 指望/相信…会做某事 rely on one’s doing sth 依赖/信任/指望…(做)某事 rely on it that...相信……;指望…… (=depend on it that…) eg: Those who you can rely on at any time are reliable (rely) friends. You may rely on it that the work will be finished soon. [一句多译] 你可以相信,你有困难时我会帮助你。 You can rely on me to help (help) you when you are in trouble.  You can rely on it that I can help you when you are in trouble. You can rely on my helping (help) you when you are in trouble. rely on/upon...: 依赖; 依靠; 信赖 = depend on/upon...: 信赖;依靠; 取决于 We can rely on our children to do such work 12. facilitate [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt]: vt. 促进; 促使; 使便利 facility [fəˈsɪləti]: n. 设施; 设备;(机器等的)特别装置 1） Modern inventions have facilitated housework. 2) The new airport will facilitate the development of the district. 13.examine vt. (仔细)检查;审查;测验 · examination n. 检查; 考试 · examiner n. 主考人; 检查员 14. negative [ˈneɡətɪv]: adj. 消极的; 有害的; 否定的; 阴性的 positive [ˈpɔzɪtiv]: adj. 积极的; 良好的; 肯定的; 正面的; 阳性的 1)Scientists have a very negative attitude to/towards his theory. 2)The crisis has a negative effect on world economy. 15. escalator [ˈeskəleɪtə(r)]: n. 自动扶梯; 滚梯 lift: n. 电梯; 升降机 (UK) elevator [ˈelɪveɪtə(r)]: n. 电梯(US) take/ride the escalator (to...): 乘自动扶梯 get on/off the escalator : 上/下自动扶梯 step on/off the escalator: 上/下自动扶梯 . 16. straight away: 立即; 马上 = right away = at once = immediately 1. You should go and see a doctor straight away. 1. Let’s go to the meeting straight away. 17.pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的 · pessimistically adv. 悲观地 · pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义者 · pessimist n. 悲观主义 be pessimistic about…对……很悲观 pessimistic view of life悲观的人生观 optimistic adj. 乐观的 optimistically adv. 乐观地 optimism n. 乐观主义 optimist n. 乐观主义者 18. discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn]: n. 自制力; 纪律; 学科 vt. 自我控制; 管教; 处罚 1)Discipline is a necessary in high school. 2)The teacher can’t keep discipline in her classroom. 3)Their daughter studied four disciplines at Oxford University. 4)I disciplined myself to read English aloud every morning. 5)The thief will be severely disciplined/punished by the police. 6) Parents have to discipline their children. 19. pill [pɪl]: n. 药丸; 药片 tablet [ˈtæblət]: n. 药片; 片 medicine: n. 药; 医学 take the tablets/pills/medicine: 吃药 20. delete [dɪˈliːt]: v. 删去; 删除 1)His name has been deleted from the list. 2)He also deleted files文档 from the computer system 21. decide on决定;选定 decide on/upon sth/doing sth 就某事作出决定/决心要做某事 decide/determine to do sth. 决定做某事（动作） be determined to do sth. 决定做某事(状态) decision n. 决定make a decision (on. . . ) 做决定 The restaurant decides on employing (employ) a pop singer. 22. make up one’s mind下定决心 bear/keep...in mind记住…… bring...to mind使……想起 change one’s mind改变主意 have...in mind考虑;想要 fix one’s mind on/upon将注意力集中于…… read one’s mind看出某人的心思 注意：make up one’s mind中的名词mind有数的变化, 根据one’s的单复数来确定mind的单复数。 记住你告诉我的话并不容易。 It is not easy to bear/keep in mind what you have told me. 我们已下定决心, 要按时完成这项工作。 We have made up our minds to finish the work on time. 23.compose vt. & vi. 组成；作曲；撰写composer n. 作曲家composition n. 作品，作曲，作文 compose a letter/speech/poem 撰写信函/讲稿/诗歌 be composed of 由……组成 =be made up of =consist of 1) Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 2) I was so confused that I could hardly compose my thoughts. 3) Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died. 4) Regardless of the type of business you own, your work will be composed of those three items. 5) The team, made (make) up of participants throughout the country, rushed to the rescue of people trapped in the ruins. 6) Their diet consisted (consist) largely of fresh vegetables, resulting in their healthy lifestyle. 24. surgeon [ˈsɜːdʒən]: n. 外科医生 doctor [ˈdɔktə]: n. 医生; 博士 physician [fɪˈzɪʃn]: n. 医师; (尤指)内科医生 resident (physician): 住院医生dentist: n. 牙科医生 1) He followed his mother and became a surgeon. 2) The surgeon is performing/doing an eye operation. 25. surgery [ˈsɜːdʒəri]: n. 外科手术; 外科学(U.) operation [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]: n.手术(C.） operate [ˈɒpəreɪt]: v. 动手术operate on/upon…: 给...动手术 It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother’s lung surgery . 26.liberation [ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn]: n. 解放; 摆脱 the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) 中国人民解放军 liberate [ˈlɪbəreɪt]: v. 解放; 使摆脱约束(或限制）before/after liberation: 解放前/后 liberty n. 自由 liberty of speech 言论自由 1）Great changes have taken place in China since liberation . 2) Before liberation many people could not read or write. 27. shave [ʃeɪv]: vi./vt./ n. 剃(须发); 刮脸 shave shaved shaved/shaven shave sb/oneself: 给某人刮胡子; 给某人刮脸; 给某人修面 have a shave: 刮脸 1) He took a bath and shaved before going to bed. 2) She will ask a barber to shave 3) I shave myself to save money. shave off: 剃掉; 刮去 Would you like me to shave off all your hair? 28. beard [bɪəd]: n. 胡须; 络腮胡子 moustache /mustache [məˈstɑːʃ]: n. (上唇的)胡子 have/wear/grow a beard: 留有胡子 29.disturb [dɪˈstɜːb]: vt. 打扰; 搅乱; 使烦恼 disturbed: adj. 不安的; 被打扰的 disturbing [dɪˈstɜːbɪŋ]: adj. 令人不安的; 引起烦恼的; disturbance n.干扰;骚乱Do not disturb! 请勿打扰! disturb sb 打扰某人 a disturbing piece of news 一则令人不安的消息 be disturbed by/about/at 对……感到忧虑 be disturbed to do sth./that...... 做 某事/...... 感到不安 30. cigarette/cigaret [ˌsɪɡəˈret]: n. 香烟; 卷烟cigar [sɪˈɡɑː]: n. 雪茄烟a packet/pack of cigarettes : 一包香烟 light a cigarette: 点燃一支香烟 light up a cigarette: 开始抽烟 smoke a cigarette: 抽烟 ( light lit lit ) 1) It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking被动吸烟. 2) Cigarette smoking is responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer. 31. specialist [ˈspeʃəlɪst]: n. 专科医生;专家 special [ˈspeʃl]: adj. 特殊的; 特别的 an eye specialist 眼科医生a specialist in...: …方面的专家 expert [ˈekspɜːt]: n. 专家; 能手; 高手(an) expert at/in/on…: …方面的专家/高手 1) It will take a nutrition specialist an hour to make a balanced diet menu for you. 32. consultant [kənˈsʌltənt]: n. 顾问; 高级顾问医师 a consultant mission 顾问团 consultant service 咨询服务 adviser/advisor [ədˈvaɪzə(r)]: n. 顾问 consult vt. 咨询、查阅 consultation n. 咨询; 磋商; [临床] 会诊 consult with sb about/on sth. 与某人就某事进行磋商；就某事咨询某人 consult sb about sth. 就某事向某人咨询 1)It is useful to turn to a fitness瘦身 consultant for advice. 33. drug [drʌɡ]: n. 毒品; 药物 take drugs: 吸毒; 服药 medicine [ˈmedɪsn]:n. 药; 药水; 医学 have/take some medicine: 吃药 eg. This drug is used to lower降低 blood pressure血压. 34.skip [skɪp]: vt. 跳过; 不参加; 悄悄溜走vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走; 跳绳 n. 蹦跳 skip--skipped--skipped go skipping 去跳绳 skip a grade 跳级 skip breakfast 不吃早饭 skip school/class 逃学/逃课 skip over the fence 跳过栅栏 skip over 略过；遗漏 skip over the details 掠过细节 35.dizzy [ˈdɪzi]: adj. 头晕目眩的 eg. He often felt sleepy and dizzy. feel dizzy 感觉头晕目眩 the dizzy pace of life 令人目眩的生活节奏 be dizzy with success 被成功冲昏头脑 36. have/get (the) flu: 患流感 (英国英语常无 the) 1)He is in bed with flu. 2)The whole family has the flu. 3)If you want to avoid the flu, you should use the new vaccine. 37. stimulate [ˈstɪmjuleɪt]: vt. 激发; 促进; 刺激 stimulate economy/growth/demand: 刺激经济/增长/需求 stimulate sb to do...: 鼓励/激励某人做什么≈encourage/inspire sb to do...: stimulate one's interested in 激发某人在……方面的兴stimulation n. 刺激 1) At the end of the camp I heard “Change the world by changing yourself. ” This stimulated my motivation. 2) Group discussion can stimulate 激发 students’ interest in English learning. 3) Physical exercises can stimulate促进the flow of blood. 4)All countries should work together to find possible ways to stimulate the global economy. 38. dentist ['dentɪst ]: n. 牙科医生 at the dentist’s: 在牙科诊所 at the doctor’s: 在诊所 at the chemist’s: 在药店 at the butcher’s: 在肉店 at the barber’s: 在理发店 39 sugary [ˈʃʊɡəri]: adj. 含糖的; 甜的 sugar [ˈʃʊɡə]：n. 糖 sour [ˈsaʊə]：adj. 酸的; 馊味的 spicy: adj. 辛辣的 salty: adj. 咸的 bitter: adj. 苦的 40. nut [nʌt]: n. 坚果 peanut: n. 花生 walnut [ˈwɔːlnʌt]: n.核桃; 胡桃 41. skateboard [ˈskeɪtbɔːd]: n. 滑板vi. 滑滑板 skate [skeɪt]: v. 滑冰; 溜冰 go skating: 去滑冰 ski [skiː]：n./v. 滑雪; 滑雪板 go skiing: 去滑雪 42. dynamic [daɪˈnæmɪk]: adj. 充满活力的; 精力充沛的; 动态的 a dynamic personality 充满活力的个性 energetic [ˌenəˈdʒetɪk]：adj. 精力旺盛的/充沛的 be full of energy: 精力充沛的 energy [ˈenədʒɪ]: n. 精力; 活力; 能源 1)I feel more dynamic and stronger than ever, in both body and mind. 2)Asia continues to be the most dynamic economic region in the world. 4)There is a dynamic 动态的ball in the computer. 43.(be) stressed out: 焦虑不安; 疲惫不堪 ≈ (be) stressed stressful: adj. 令人紧张的; 充满压力的 stress n. 压力；强调；重要性；重音 v. 强调；重读；（使）焦虑不安 lay stress on 强调；重视 stress the importance of ... 强调……的重要性 1)Those who are stressed out are often nervous, angry or ill. 2)I’m under a lot of pressure recently. I’m almost stressed out. 44. (be) worn out: 筋疲力尽的; 心力交瘁; 破烂不堪的 be tired out: 疲惫的; 筋疲力尽的 be tired : 累的; 疲倦的; 厌烦的 (be) exhausted [ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd]: adj.筋疲力尽的; 疲惫不堪的 Eg. She was really worn out after working for ten days. The girl’s shoes/clothes are worn out. 45. bowling [ˈbəʊlɪŋ]: n. 保龄球运动 play/go bowling: 打保龄球 46. comedy [ˈkɒmədi]: n. 喜剧; 喜剧片; 滑稽节目 watch/see a comedy: 看喜剧片 comic ['kɒmɪk]: n. 连环画杂志; adj.滑稽的; 使人发笑的 tragedy [ˈtrædʒədi]: n. 悲剧; 惨案 tragic 悲剧的 1)Rock climbing, bowling, watching comedies, and playing basketball were the things I thought of doing instead. 2)It is a romantic comedy, well worth seeing. 3)I’m watching a comedy called The Big Bang Theory. 47. monthly [ˈmʌnθli]: n. 月刊 adv. /adj. 每月 = every month; 每月一次的 a monthly budget 月度预算 a monthly news digest 每月新闻摘要 weekly: adv. /adj. 每周= every week;每周一次的 n. 周刊 daily: adv. 每天; 天天 = every day adj. 每天的; 每日的n. 日报 yearly: adj. 每年的 adv. 每年 = every year 48. enhance [ɪnˈhɑːns][ [ɪnˈhæns]: vt. 提高; 增强; 增进 enhance one's reputation 提高某人的声望 enhance the image 提升形象 1) It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness. 2)This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the school. 49. refresh [rɪˈfreʃ]: vt. 使恢复精力; 使凉爽; 刷新 refresh one’s memory: 唤起某人的记忆; 使某人想起 refresh oneself 使恢复精力；清醒头脑 refresh the document 刷新文件 refreshing: adj. 消除疲劳的; 提神的; 清凉的refreshed adj. 神清气爽的 fresh: adj. 新鲜的; 新做的; 凉爽的; 淡的 1)I get refreshed through climbing, 2)A good sleep will refresh you. 3)This glass of iced tea will refresh you. 4)Click here to refresh this document. 50. absorb [əbˈsɔːb] [əbˈzɔːb]: vt. 吸引全部注意力; 吸收(热/光/能/液体/气体等) be absorbed in…: 专心于；集中注意力于 “集中注意力于” 的常见表达： concentrate/fix/focus (one’s attention) on pay attention to put one’s heart into be devoted to lose/bury oneself in 1)This work has absorbed him for several months. 2)Black walls absorb a lot of heat during/in the day. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$