Unit 6 The Media it用法（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 6 The Media 核心语法精练（it用法） 目录 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空 2 二、句型转换 4 三、单句改错 5 四、汉译英 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 题型一 阅读理解（模考真题） 7 题型二 完形填空（模考真题） 14 题型三 语法填空（本单元话题） 19 认识it 在高考英语中，“it”是一个高频考点，用法灵活多样，主要涉及代词、形式主语、形式宾语、强调句等核心用法。 it 用法总表 一、语法填空 1. It is important ______ (master) a foreign language. 2. She found ______ easy to get along with her new classmates. 3. ______ is no use crying over spilt milk. 4. It ______ (report) that a new hospital will be built here next year. 5. He made ______ clear that he would not change his mind. 6. ______ takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. 7. It was not until midnight ______ he came back home. 8. We think ______ our duty to help those in need. 9. ______ is said that he has won the first prize in the competition. 10. The book is very interesting, and I want to read ______ again. 解析： 1. to master（考查 it 作形式主语，真正主语为不定式） 2. it（考查 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语） 3. It（考查固定句型 It is no use doing sth.，it 为形式主语） 4. is reported（考查固定句型 It is reported that...，it 为形式主语） 5. it（考查 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为 that 从句） 6. It（考查 it 作形式主语，真正主语为不定式短语） 7. that（考查强调句 It was...that...） 8. it（考查 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语） 9. It（考查固定句型 It is said that...，it 为形式主语） 10. it（考查 it 指代上文提到的 the book） 二、单项选择 1. —Where is your new car? —______ is in the garage. 2. A. It B. That C. This D. One ______ is necessary for us to learn English well. 3. I think ______ important that we should keep in touch. A. That B. This C. It D. What 4. A. that B. it C. this D. one It was ______ he said ______ surprised me. 5. A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that A. it B. one C. that D. this 6. It is time ______ we had dinner. A. when B. that C. what D. which 7. ______ is a long way from here to the airport. A. There B. This C. It D. That 8. I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them 9. It was in the street ______ I met an old friend yesterday. A. where B. that C. which D. when 10. The weather in Beijing is colder than ______ in Nanjing in winter. A. it B. that C. this D. one 解析： 1. A（考查 it 指代上文提到的 new car） 2. C（考查 it 作形式主语，真正主语为不定式短语） 3. B（考查 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为 that 从句） 4. A（考查强调句 It was...that...，第一空 what 引导主语从句，第二空 that 为强调句连接词） 5. B（考查 one 指代同类不同物的单数可数名词 pen） 6. B（考查固定句型 It is time that...） 7. C（考查 it 指代距离） 8. A（考查 it 作形式宾语，指代 when 引导的从句） 9. B（考查强调句 It was...that...） 10. B（考查 that 指代不可数名词 weather，避免重复） 三、句型转换题 1. To finish the work in three days is impossible.（用 it 作形式主语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. That he will come to the party is certain.（用 it 作形式主语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. We consider that learning English is important.（用 it 作形式宾语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. I found that solving the problem was difficult.（用 it 作形式宾语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. He bought a new computer. It cost him 5000 yuan.（合并句子，用 it 指代） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. She gave me a book. I like the book very much.（合并句子，用 it 指代） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. I met Tom at the cinema last night.（强调 “at the cinema”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. They will hold the meeting in the hall tomorrow.（强调 “in the hall”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. She didn't go to bed until her son came back.（强调 “until her son came back”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. We started the project last week.（强调 “last week”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1. It is impossible to finish the work in three days.（it 作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语） 2. It is certain that he will come to the party.（it 作形式主语，that 从句作真正主语） 3. We consider it important to learn English.（it 作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正宾语） 4. I found it difficult to solve the problem.（it 作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正宾语） 5. He bought a new computer, and it cost him 5000 yuan.（it 指代上文提到的 a new computer） 6. She gave me a book, and I like it very much.（it 指代上文提到的 a book） 7. It was at the cinema that I met Tom last night.（强调句强调地点状语） 8. It is in the hall that they will hold the meeting tomorrow.（强调句强调地点状语） 9. It was not until her son came back that she went to bed.（强调句强调时间状语） 10. It was last week that we started the project.（强调句强调时间状语） 四、汉译英 1. 据说那位在国外深造多年的学者是一位在物理学领域有着卓越贡献的著名科学家。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 对于那些长期久坐办公室的人来说，每天步行半小时对保持身体健康和良好的精神状态有极大的好处。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 我觉得在这样一个充满文化氛围的古老城市里和知识渊博的他深入交谈是一件非常愉快且有意义的事。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 直到天上的星星都出来了，忙碌了一整天的他才拖着疲惫的身体回到那个简陋但温馨的家。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 从我们学校新建的图书馆到我那位于城市另一端的家，乘坐公交车大约有二十公里的距离。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 尽管她付出了很多努力，但还是发现要在这么短的时间内学好难度极高的高等数学是不容易的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 正是在我最困难、最无助的时候，善良且乐于助人的他毫不犹豫地伸出援手帮助了我。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 在资源有限且时间紧迫的情况下，按时完成这项要求极高、极其复杂的工作是相当困难的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 我非常讨厌在倾盆大雨且伴随着强风的天气里不得不出门去处理那些琐碎的事情。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 随着社会的不断发展和进步，人们普遍认为接受高质量的教育对个人的未来发展和国家的繁荣昌盛是至关重要的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1. It is said that the scholar who has studied abroad for many years is a famous scientist with outstanding contributions in the field of physics. 2. It is of great benefit for those who sit in the office for a long time to walk for half an hour every day to keep healthy and in a good state of mind. 3. I find it a very pleasant and meaningful thing to have an in-depth talk with the knowledgeable him in such an ancient city full of cultural atmosphere. 4. It was not until the stars came out in the sky that he, who had been busy all day, returned to his simple but warm home with a tired body. 5. It is about twenty kilometers by bus from the newly-built library of our school to my home on the other side of the city. 6. Although she has made a lot of efforts, she still finds it not easy to learn the extremely difficult advanced mathematics well in such a short time. 7. It was at my most difficult and helpless moment that the kind and helpful he did not hesitate to lend a helping hand to me. 8. It is quite difficult to finish this highly demanding and extremely complicated work on time under the condition of limited resources and tight time. 9. I really hate it when I have to go out to deal with those trivial things in the weather with heavy rain and strong wind. 10. With the continuous development and progress of society, it is generally believed that receiving high-quality education is crucial to personal future development and national prosperity. 题型一 阅读理解（模考真题） Passage 1 (2024·湖北黄冈中学5月第二次模拟) Big Thinkers Series The Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks，covering a wide range of topics by world－class scientist speakers and experts.If you are curious about your planet or your universe，then this series is your place to hear the latest research. Save ￡20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on demand) or purchase single tickets for just ￡13 per lecture (available by early booking). Reality＋：From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David Chalmers In this talk，philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse－style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR. What We don’t Know About Gravity with Claudia de Rham We are all familiar with the concept of gravity.In this talk，Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover. A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel From Stonehenge to atomic clocks，here is the 5，000－year history of how science is used to mark time.Chad Orzel，the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog，offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (离奇的) historical detail. Physics at the End of the Universe with Katie Mack The Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last 13.8 billion years.But how does the story end? Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics(天体物理学) tells us about the final fate of the universe. 1.How much does a series ticket cost? A.￡13. B.￡20. C.￡30. D.￡32. 2.What will Chad Orzel lecture in? A.The genuine reality. B.The secrets of gravity. C.The history of time marking. D.The final fate of the universe. 3.What do the four talks have in common? A.They are all aimed at science lovers. B.They are all concerned with gravity. C.They will all be given by bestselling authors. D.They will all be given by excellent physicians. 1. D 解析：文章明确提到 “purchase single tickets for just ￡13 per lecture”，即单场讲座早订票价为 13 英镑，四场单场票总价为 13×4=52 英镑。同时说明 “Save ￡20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket”，套票可节省 20 英镑，因此套票价格为 52-20=32 英镑，故答案为 D。 2. C 解析：根据 “A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel” 这一标题及内容 “From Stonehenge to atomic clocks，here is the 5，000－year history of how science is used to mark time”，可知 Chad Orzel 的讲座主题是关于计时的历史，答案为 C。 3. A 解析：文章开头指出 “The Big Thinkers Series... covering a wide range of topics by world－class scientist speakers and experts. If you are curious about your planet or your universe，then this series is your place to hear the latest research”，说明该系列讲座由世界级科学家和专家主讲，主题涉及地球、宇宙等科学领域，面向对科学好奇的人，即所有讲座均针对科学爱好者，答案为 A。 Passage 2 (2024·湖南常德统考模拟预测)Fragile.Oversensitive.Glued to their phones.Is this what comes to mind when we think of the teens of this generation? While this may be true，there might be more to this generation of teens than what is generally perceived. Never before have the lives of any generation of teens been as flooded with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation.The popularity of social media has led to a world in which teens have to participate in social media，or else cause the social anger of their friends，some of whom communicate primarily via those online platforms.As compared to their parents or grandparents who were likely less connected and more isolated，these teens are constantly exposed to the highlight reels (高光时刻) of many in their social circles and beyond.It is no wonder that the self－esteem and mental health of this generation’s teens have__taken__a__hit. Moreover，the teens today are more individualistic.This is in contrast to the kampong spirit of their parents’ and grandparents’ days.Gone is the friendship among neighbours who are friendly with one another and quick to offer a helping hand when they see another in need.In its place，we have teens who may not even have a clue as to who lives in the unit next to theirs，much less offer a friendly nod or wave when they happen to cross paths with a neighbour. Yet，the effects of technology on this generation of teens are not all bad.Arguably，the very connectedness that social media brings about has led to being more progressive.Logging onto platforms where people of all walks of life gather means that one is exposed to those people and their distinctive ways of life.In comparison，the parents or grandparents of this generation of teens probably did not have the same opportunity to get to know people outside of their social circles at their age，and are thus more likely to have fixed，stereotypical (刻板的) opinions of people different from them.This generation of teens，on the other hand，has the chance to use this technology to understand the variety and diversity out there. 1.What does the underlined phrase “have taken a hit” mean in Paragraph 2? A.Have been terribly hurt. B.Have improved a lot. C.Have recovered soon. D.Have been ignored. 2.Which belongs to the kampong spirit according to Paragraph 3? A.Telephone your parents regularly. B.Never say Hi to your classmates. C.Share your food with neighbours. D.Borrow money from your teacher. 3.What good effect does social media have on the teens? A.They are more ambitious and active. B.They are more friendly and generous. C.They are more independent of their parents. D.They are more open－minded and better informed. 4.How is the text developed? A.By giving examples. B.By showing statistics. C.By making comparisons. D.By providing instructions. 1. A 解析：第二段提到 “these teens are constantly exposed to the highlight reels of many in their social circles and beyond”，即青少年频繁看到社交圈中他人的高光时刻，这容易让他们产生攀比心理。结合上下文逻辑，这种情况会对他们的自尊和心理健康造成负面影响，“have taken a hit” 在此处意为 “受到严重打击”，答案为 A。 2. C 解析：第三段解释 “kampong spirit” 时提到 “the friendship among neighbours who are friendly with one another and quick to offer a helping hand when they see another in need”，即邻里之间友好相处、乐于助人的精神。“Share your food with neighbours”（和邻居分享食物）体现了这种互助精神，符合该短语的含义，答案为 C。 3. D 解析：第四段指出 “Logging onto platforms where people of all walks of life gather means that one is exposed to those people and their distinctive ways of life”，说明社交媒体让青少年接触到各行各业的人及其不同的生活方式。这有助于他们拓宽视野、了解多样性，从而变得思想更开放、见识更广泛，答案为 D。 4. C 解析：文章多处将当代青少年与他们的父母、祖父母进行对比，如 “as compared to their parents or grandparents who were likely less connected and more isolated”“this is in contrast to the kampong spirit of their parents’ and grandparents’ days”“the parents or grandparents... are thus more likely to have fixed，stereotypical opinions... This generation of teens... has the chance to use this technology to understand the variety and diversity”，通过对比突出当代青少年的特点，故文章通过作比较的方式展开，答案为 C。 Passage 3 (2024·山东青岛统考三模)By 2050，68% of the global population will live in cities.That’s 2.5 billion more people than today.In Europe，three out of four of us already live in urban areas，and the consequences of that are becoming clear.Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution.As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces，what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in. Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect，which refers to heat trapped in built－up areas.The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people，transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete structures，unable to escape to the atmosphere.This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3－4 ℃ higher than the surrounding countryside，and with that comes a severe cycle.Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling.This expands our energy consumption，which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption，increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets. Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in making our urban areas healthier.For example，adding a layer of vegetation to rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island effect.Trees in our streets also play their part，and a variety of tree species can have a profound effect.Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our stress levels and concentration at work.“People need to interact with nature whenever the opportunity arises.Something as simple as a five－to－ten－minute break during the workday can improve well－being and boost productivity，” Cecil，an expert studying nature in cities says. 1.How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1? A.By presenting facts. B.By listing examples. C.By comparing numbers. D.By questioning an estimate. 2.What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 2? A.Overcome. B.Change. C.Ease. D.Shift. 3.What might be a consequence of the urban heat island effect? A.Lower temperature. B.Energy regeneration. C.Fuel shortage. D.Air pollution. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.How to Let Nature Back In B.Why We Need Green Spaces in Cities C.Heat Effect：An Unavoidable Urban Trouble D.Green Roofs：Tiny Urban Forests 1. A 解析：第一段开篇列出 “By 2050，68% of the global population will live in cities. That’s 2.5 billion more people than today. In Europe，three out of four of us already live in urban areas” 等城市人口数据，接着提到 “Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution”，通过这些事实引出 “what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in” 这一主题，答案为 A。 2. C 解析：第二段提到 “Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect”，其中 “and” 连接并列成分，“reduce”（减少）提示 “mitigate” 与 “reduce” 意思相近，结合语境，城市绿地能 “缓解” 污染带来的影响，答案为 C。 3. D 解析：第二段指出 “The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people，transport and industry is trapped... This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3－4 ℃ higher... Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling. This expands our energy consumption，which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption，increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog”，即热岛效应导致温度升高，进而使能耗增加，化石燃料使用增多，最终加剧空气污染，答案为 D。 4. B 解析：文章第一段引出 “让自然回归城市” 的话题，第二段阐述城市绿地能缓解污染和热岛效应，第三段说明城市规划中纳入绿地的具体做法及好处，整体围绕 “城市需要绿地的原因” 展开，故最佳标题为 B。 Passage 4 (2024·广东华南师大附中校考三模)One swallow (燕子) may not make a summer but seeing or hearing birds does improve mental wellbeing，researchers have found. The study，led by academics from King’s College London，also found that everyday encounters with birds boosted the mood of people with depression，as well as the wider population. The researchers said the findings suggested that visits to places with a wealth of birdlife，such as parks and canals，could be prescribed by doctors to treat mental health conditions.They added that their findings also highlighted the need to better protect the environment and improve biodiversity in urban，suburban and rural areas in order to preserve bird habitats. The study，published in the journal Scientific Reports，tracked 1，292 participants’ everyday encounters with birds last year via a smartphone app called Urban Mind. Over the course of two weeks，the participants，from the UK，Europe，the US，China and Australia，were required at random intervals to record how they were feeling，including whether they were happy or stressed，whether they could see trees，and whether they could see or hear birds. The researchers found that participants’ average mental wellbeing scores increased when they saw or heard birds，including among those who disclosed they had been diagnosed with depression. This beneficial effect also lasted beyond the moment of encountering birds，with higher levels of mental wellbeing noted by participants who did not see or hear birds the next time they recorded their mood. However，this positive effect did not persist if the participants did not encounter birds during the subsequent assessment of their mood，which the researchers said indicated “a possible causal link effect of birdlife on mental wellbeing”. Andrea Mechelli，professor of early intervention in mental health at King’s College London，said，“We need to create and support environments，particularly urban environments，where birdlife is a constant feature.To have a healthy population of birds，you also need plants，you also need trees.We need to nurture the whole ecosystem within our cities.” He added that the positive effect of bird encounters on people with depression was significant because many “interventions that help so－called ‘healthy people’ don’t work for individuals with mental health issues”. Mechelli said，“We know exercise makes everyone feel better.But it’s incredibly challenging to motivate someone with depression to exercise.Whereas contact with birdlife is something that，perhaps，is feasible.” 1.Which of the following will the researchers probably agree with? A.People will feel better if they go to parks every day. B.Greater value should be attached to conserving birds and their habitats. C.A large population of people with depression encounter birds every day. D.Doctors treating mental illnesses should visit places with a wealth of birds. 2.Why does the author mention the participants in paragraph 5? A.To clarify a doubt about the research process. B.To analyze the data of the research participants. C.To give a further explanation of the research method. D.To provide more supporting evidence for the research results. 3.What does the underlined word “feasible” mean in the last paragraph? A.Practical. B.Difficult. C.Advisable. D.Reasonable. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Regular Visits to Parks Boost Our Mental Wellbeing B.Bird and Birdsong Encounters Improve Mental Health C.Human Activities Have a Great Impact on Bird Species D.Bird Habitat Protection Changes People and the Planet 1. B 解析：文章提到 “their findings also highlighted the need to better protect the environment and improve biodiversity in urban，suburban and rural areas in order to preserve bird habitats”，即研究者认为为了保护鸟类栖息地，需要改善环境、提高生物多样性，也就是应重视保护鸟类及其栖息地，答案为 B。 2. C 解析：第四段提到 “The study... tracked 1，292 participants’ everyday encounters with birds last year via a smartphone app called Urban Mind”，第五段进一步说明 “Over the course of two weeks，the participants... were required at random intervals to record how they were feeling... whether they could see or hear birds”，详细介绍了研究参与者的范围、数据收集方式和时间等，是对研究方法的进一步解释，答案为 C。 3. A 解析：最后一段提到 “We know exercise makes everyone feel better. But it’s incredibly challenging to motivate someone with depression to exercise. Whereas contact with birdlife is something that，perhaps，is feasible”，即锻炼对抑郁症患者来说难以坚持，而接触鸟类则相对容易做到，“feasible” 在此处意为 “可行的、实际的”，答案为 A。 4. B 解析：文章开头点明 “seeing or hearing birds does improve mental wellbeing”，随后通过研究说明接触鸟类对心理健康（包括抑郁症患者）的积极影响，结尾强调创造有鸟类的环境的重要性，核心主题是 “接触鸟类及鸟鸣能改善心理健康”，答案为 B。 题型二 完形填空（模考真题） Passage 1 （2024湖南新邵县11月月考）When I was in middle school, it was decided for students to make a cultural exchange in Munich, Germany. We went to Germany to observe the 1 and difference of that culture compared with the Italian culture. As soon as we 2 , we were greeted by the boys and girls assigned (分派) to meet us. After we left the airport, we 3 a bus and it was there that we faced a(n) 4 difference. As everyone says, “Italians are noisy, more open and outgoing”, and this is what differentiates us from the Germans, who are much more reserved and 5 . On the bus, as we had a long way to go, we decided to listen to some 6 and sang out loud, and these kinds of things are often done during school trips by Italian 7 . When we were glancing at all the German kids, we decided to 8 because we realized our behavior led to a(n) 9 climate for them. After we settled down, we decided to have lunch in a restaurant. Shortly before entering that 10 , I recognized another difference between the two cultures. A man who greeted us opened the door first for himself and then let us in. The first thing I thought was how 11 he was. I asked if it was a normal thing for them. Then I received an unexpected 12 : German males go in first to 13 the place is safe, and then let the woman in. This exchange made me 14 the differences within cultures and how cultural shock works. 15 , I learned what seems normal to me can be something improper in another country, even if that country is just a few miles away. 1．A．source B．similarity C．balance D．development 2．A．flew B．ran C．moved D．landed 3．A．climbed up B．got on C．broke into D．knocked at 4．A．cultural B．habitual C．dietary D．educational 5．A．open-minded B．strict C．closed D．noisy 6．A．stories B．songs C．reports D．speeches 7．A．passengers B．friends C．teachers D．kids 8．A．stop B．continue C．start D．change 9．A．easy B．nervous C．abnormal D．horrific 10．A．restaurant B．school C．station D．hotel 11．A．cool B．rude C．quick D．clever 12．A．requirement B．order C．gift D．explanation 13．A．figure out B．keep in mind C．find out D．make sure 14．A．complain B．remove C．realize D．remember 15．A．Finally B．Especially C．Fortunately D．Absolutely 完形填空 Passage 1 1. B（similarity） 解析：文章开篇提到文化交流，目的是观察意大利与德国文化的 “相似性（similarity）” 和差异，与后文 “difference” 形成对应。其他选项 “source（来源）”“balance（平衡）”“development（发展）” 均不符合语境。 2. D（landed） 解析：根据后文 “After we left the airport” 可知，此处指 “抵达（landed）” 德国，而非 “flew（飞行）”“ran（跑步）”“moved（搬家）”，符合 “从机场离开” 的逻辑。 3. B（got on） 解析：“got on a bus” 为固定搭配，意为 “上公交车”。“climbed up（攀爬）” 侧重向上爬的动作，“broke into（闯入）”“knocked at（敲门）” 均与 “公交车” 搭配不当。 4. A（cultural） 解析：下文对比意大利人 “noisy, more open” 与德国人 “reserved”，这是 “文化（cultural）” 差异，而非 “habitual（习惯的）”“dietary（饮食的）”“educational（教育的）” 差异。 5. C（closed） 解析：“reserved（内敛的）” 与 “closed（封闭的）” 语义相近，共同描述德国人的性格，与意大利人的 “open and outgoing” 形成对比。“open-minded（开明的）”“strict（严格的）”“noisy（吵闹的）” 均不符合语境。 6. B（songs） 解析：根据后文 “sang out loud” 可知，他们在听 “歌曲（songs）”，“stories（故事）”“reports（报告）”“speeches（演讲）” 均无法与 “sang out loud” 搭配。 7. D（kids） 解析：上下文围绕 “students” 展开，此处指意大利 “孩子（kids）” 在学校旅行中常这样做，与前文 “German kids” 形成对应，“passengers（乘客）”“friends（朋友）”“teachers（老师）” 均不符合主体身份。 8. A（stop） 解析：根据 “because we realized our behavior led to... climate for them” 可知，他们意识到自己的行为让德国人不适，因此决定 “停止（stop）” 唱歌，“continue（继续）”“start（开始）”“change（改变）” 均不符合逻辑。 9. B（nervous） 解析：意大利人的吵闹与德国人的内敛性格冲突，会给他们带来 “紧张的（nervous）” 氛围。“easy（轻松的）”“abnormal（反常的）”“horrific（可怕的）” 程度过重或不符合语境。 10. A（restaurant） 解析：前文提到 “we decided to have lunch in a restaurant”，此处指进入 “餐厅（restaurant）” 前的发现，与 “lunch” 呼应。“school（学校）”“station（车站）”“hotel（酒店）” 均不符合场景。 11. B（rude） 解析：作者来自注重礼仪的文化，看到男士先开门，第一反应是觉得他 “粗鲁（rude）”。“cool（酷的）”“quick（快的）”“clever（聪明的）” 均不符合初次印象的逻辑。 12. D（explanation） 解析：根据后文 “German males go in first to... the place is safe” 可知，这是对前文行为的 “解释（explanation）”，而非 “requirement（要求）”“order（命令）”“gift（礼物）”。 13. D（make sure） 解析：德国人先进入是为了 “确保（make sure）” 场所安全，符合逻辑。“figure out（弄明白）”“keep in mind（记住）”“find out（查明）” 均侧重 “了解”，而非 “确保安全” 的目的。 14. C（realize） 解析：这次经历让作者 “意识到（realize）” 文化差异和文化冲击的存在，“complain（抱怨）”“remove（移除）”“remember（记住）” 均不符合 “从经历中感悟” 的语境。 15. A（Finally） 解析：结尾总结从经历中学到的道理，“Finally（最终）” 符合逻辑递进关系。“Especially（尤其）”“Fortunately（幸运地）”“Absolutely（绝对地）” 均不适合总结句。 Passage 2 (2025·四川德阳针对性训练）A police officer is being praised as a hero. He has helped a baby who was 1 to breathe after being born in the car on the way to the 2 . Last month, Miguel Covarrubias 3 his pregnant wife to an emergency room in New Mexico. 4 , the baby didn’t wait to arrive at the hospital. Police Officer Ismael Perez was on patrol(巡逻) when he received a 5 911 call about a woman who had given birth while on the way to the hospital. He saw Covarrubias run a red light and 6 him as he drove into the entrance to the 7 room. Upon arrival at the entrance, Perez immediately jumped out of his car and 8 to help the baby, who was then not breathing. “Go and get the nurses as 9 as possible. Tell them to hurry up and state police is on the scene,” Perez 10 Covarrubias. Then Perez began to pat the baby on the 11 gently, attempting to clear its throat. Thankfully, the baby began to 12 . “I have three kids of my own, and I’ve seen the 13 do that with my daughters,” Perez told ABC News. “So I did the same thing.” Now, the mom, dad and the baby are home and all is going fine. “I was grateful that Officer Perez was nearby. He 14 without delay and helped me out. What I want to do now is 15 thank him,” Covarrubias said. 1. A. managing B. pretending C. struggling D. hesitating 2. A. supermarket B. hospital C. shelter D. office 3. A. rushed B. led C. invited D. forced 4. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. However 5. A. temporary B. pleasing C. pressing D. necessary 6. A. arrested B. followed C. dragged D. pushed 7. A. emergency B. waiting C. guest D. fitness 8. A. happened B. agreed C. preferred D. offered 9. A. eagerly B. quickly C. curiously D. cautiously 10. A. urged B. begged C. warned D. threatened 11. A. leg B. head C. back D. hand 12. A. cry B. laugh C. shout D. signal 13. A. lawyers B. patients C. doctors D. parents 14. A. lost heart B. checked out C. hurried off D. took action 15. A. easily B. sincerely C. formally D. precisely 1. C（struggling） 解析：根据后文 “the baby who was then not breathing” 可知，婴儿出生后 “难以（struggling）” 呼吸，“managing（设法）” 与 “not breathing” 矛盾，“pretending（假装）”“hesitating（犹豫）” 不符合婴儿状态。 2. B（hospital） 解析：“on the way to the hospital” 与 “pregnant wife”“given birth” 语境一致，孕妇分娩应去 “医院（hospital）”，“supermarket（超市）”“shelter（避难所）”“office（办公室）” 均不符合场景。 3. A（rushed） 解析：孕妇紧急分娩，丈夫应 “紧急送（rushed）” 她去医院，“led（带领）”“invited（邀请）”“forced（强迫）” 均无法体现紧迫性。 4. D（However） 解析：前文说去医院，后文说婴儿没等到医院就出生了，前后为转折关系，“However（然而）” 符合逻辑。“Therefore（因此）”“Instead（反而）”“Moreover（此外）” 均不表转折。 5. C（pressing） 解析：产妇在途中分娩属于 “紧急的（pressing）” 情况，“911 call” 需体现紧迫性，“temporary（暂时的）”“pleasing（令人高兴的）”“necessary（必要的）” 均不符合语境。 6. B（followed） 解析：警察看到 Covarrubias 闯红灯，应 “跟随（followed）” 他到医院急诊入口，“arrested（逮捕）”“dragged（拖拽）”“pushed（推）” 均不符合紧急救援的场景。 7. A（emergency） 解析：“emergency room” 意为 “急诊室”，与孕妇分娩的紧急情况匹配，“waiting room（候诊室）”“guest room（客房）”“fitness room（健身房）” 均不合适。 8. D（offered） 解析：警察看到婴儿无法呼吸，应主动 “提供（offered）” 帮助，“happened（碰巧）”“agreed（同意）”“preferred（更喜欢）” 均不符合紧急救援的主动性。 9. B（quickly） 解析：婴儿情况紧急，警察催促 Covarrubias“尽快（quickly）” 叫护士，“eagerly（急切地）”“curiously（好奇地）”“cautiously（谨慎地）” 均不强调速度。 10. A（urged） 解析：“urged” 意为 “催促”，符合警察在紧急情况下的语气，“begged（乞求）”“warned（警告）”“threatened（威胁）” 均不符合语境。 11. C（back） 解析：医学常识中，轻拍婴儿 “背部（back）” 可帮助清理喉咙，促进呼吸，“leg（腿）”“head（头）”“hand（手）” 均不符合急救动作。 12. A（cry） 解析：婴儿恢复呼吸的典型表现是 “哭泣（cry）”，“laugh（笑）”“shout（大喊）”“signal（发信号）” 均不符合新生儿状态。 13. C（doctors） 解析：根据 “with my daughters” 可知，此处指 “医生（doctors）” 在作者女儿出生时做过类似动作，符合医疗场景，“lawyers（律师）”“patients（病人）”“parents（父母）” 均不具备专业急救动作的背景。 14. D（took action） 解析：警察看到紧急情况后立即 “采取行动（took action）”，与前文 “jumped out of his car and offered to help” 呼应。“lost heart（灰心）”“checked out（退房）”“hurried off（匆匆离开）” 均不符合语境。 15. B（sincerely） 解析：Covarrubias 对警察的帮助充满感激，应 “真诚地（sincerely）” 感谢，“easily（轻易地）”“formally（正式地）”“precisely（精确地）” 均不符合情感表达。 题型三 语法填空（本单元话题） A (2024四川眉山市高二期末)London’s food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese (广东的) restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines. For decades, London’s Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes ___1___ (root) in Guangdong province, while London’s Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much __2___ (broad) cultural shift. While Cantonese-centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it ___3___ big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes. To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones ___4___ (continuous) for bettering the menu. Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic (地道的) Chinese cooking, ___5___ (strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine. Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken centre stage in London, described as an “adventure” ___6___ locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences. Meanwhile, hearty hand-pulled noodles of Xi’an are also making waves, driven by the growing ___7___ (present) of Chinese customers and Londoners’ appetite for authentic regional flavors. Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, ___8___ (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true ___9___ one single mission — providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international ____10____(diner). 1. rooted 解析：此处为过去分词作定语，修饰 “dishes”。“dishes rooted in Guangdong province” 意为 “源于广东省的经典菜肴”，“root” 与 “dishes” 是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 2. broader 解析：根据空前的 “much” 可知，此处应用形容词比较级。“a much broader cultural shift” 表示 “一个范围更广的文化转变”，符合语境中 “中餐在伦敦的发展超越传统粤菜” 的逻辑。 3. a 解析：“make it a big challenge” 中，“it” 为形式宾语，真正宾语是 “to meet local British tastes”，“a big challenge” 为可数名词单数，表泛指，故用不定冠词 “a”。 4. continuously 解析：此处需用副词修饰动词 “introduce” 和 “enhance”。“continuously” 意为 “持续地”，句意为 “为了适应趋势，他们不断推出新菜品并改良现有菜品”。 5. strengthening 解析：此处为现在分词作伴随状语，“larger culinary schools” 与 “strengthen” 是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。句意为 “此外，大型烹饪学校致力于教授地道的中餐烹饪，从而增强人们对这种 cuisine 的欣赏和掌握”。 6. where 解析：此处为定语从句，先行词是 “adventure”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 “where”。“an adventure where locals could enjoy...” 意为 “一场当地人可以享受正宗川菜和新奇文化体验的冒险”。 7. presence 解析：空前的 “growing” 为形容词，后接名词。“the growing presence of Chinese customers” 意为 “中国顾客日益增多的出现”，“presence” 表示 “存在、出现”，符合语境。 8. emphasized 解析：此处为谓语动词，根据上下文语境（提及 2024 年的展会），动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。“emphasized” 意为 “强调”，符合 “组织者陈述观点” 的语境。 9. to 解析：“stay true to” 为固定搭配，意为 “忠于”。句意为 “伦敦正成为真正的全球中餐中心，忠于一个使命”。 10. diners 解析：“international” 修饰名词，且 “diner” 为可数名词，此处表泛指，故用复数形式 “diners”（食客）。 ​B (2023·江西省鹰潭市一模A material can be really special when it was named after the place 1 it was created originally. That's certainly the case 2 china. And of all types of china, white porcelain (瓷) is among the most famous. Since then, the traditional material 3 (take) a modern look in the hands of four Chinese artists in the Modern White Porcelain Exhibition. And the key word here is modern. One of the 4 (work) is a porcelain boat. But look 5 (attentive) and you will see that the boat 6 (build) with porcelain looks like a takeout box. Inside the boat is a statue of a baby. The baby stands for humans and the boat is what supports life, 7 (suggest) we may have done some damage to 8 environment and that we are treating life like fast food. All the four artists gave white porcelain a modern style, each in 9 (they) own way. And this is what the exhibition’s theme comes from. It's a dialogue between the past 10 the present. 1. where 解析：此处为定语从句，先行词是 “the place”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 “where”。句意为 “一种材料如果以其最初被创造的地方命名，可能会非常特别”。 2. with 解析：“That's certainly the case with china” 中，“the case with...” 为固定搭配，意为 “…… 的情况就是这样”，此处指 “瓷器的情况确实如此”。 3. has taken 解析：根据 “Since then”（从那以后）可知，此处应用现在完成时。“the traditional material has taken a modern look” 意为 “这种传统材料在四位中国艺术家手中呈现出现代化的面貌”。 4. works 解析：“one of + 可数名词复数” 表示 “…… 之一”，故此处用 “work” 的复数形式 “works”（作品）。 5. attentively 解析：此处需用副词修饰动词 “look”。“look attentively” 意为 “仔细看”，符合语境中 “仔细观察才能发现瓷器船像外卖盒” 的逻辑。 6. built 解析：此处为过去分词作定语，修饰 “the boat”。“the boat built with porcelain” 意为 “用瓷器建造的船”，“build” 与 “the boat” 是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 7. suggesting 解析：此处为现在分词作伴随状语，“the boat... supports life” 与 “suggest” 是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。句意为 “婴儿代表人类，船代表支撑生命的东西，这表明我们可能对环境造成了一些破坏”。 8. the 解析：“the environment” 为固定搭配，特指 “自然环境”，故用定冠词 “the”。 9. their 解析：“in their own way” 中，“their” 指代 “all the four artists”，修饰 “own way”，意为 “以他们自己的方式”。 10. and 解析：“between... and...” 为固定搭配，意为 “在…… 和…… 之间”。句意为 “这是一场过去与现在之间的对话”。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 The Media 核心语法精练（it 用法） 目录 B 一、单句语法填空 2 二、句型转换 3 三、单句改错 4 四、汉译英 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一 阅读理解（模考真题） 5 题型二 完形填空（模考真题） 11 题型三 语法填空（本单元话题） 14 认识it 在高考英语中，“it”是一个高频考点，用法灵活多样，主要涉及代词、形式主语、形式宾语、强调句等核心用法。 it 用法总表 一、语法填空 1. It is important ______ (master) a foreign language. 2. She found ______ easy to get along with her new classmates. 3. ______ is no use crying over spilt milk. 4. It ______ (report) that a new hospital will be built here next year. 5. He made ______ clear that he would not change his mind. 6. ______ takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. 7. It was not until midnight ______ he came back home. 8. We think ______ our duty to help those in need. 9. ______ is said that he has won the first prize in the competition. 10. The book is very interesting, and I want to read ______ again. 二、单项选择 1. —Where is your new car? —______ is in the garage. 2. A. It B. That C. This D. One ______ is necessary for us to learn English well. 3. I think ______ important that we should keep in touch. A. That B. This C. It D. What 4. A. that B. it C. this D. one It was ______ he said ______ surprised me. 5. A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that A. it B. one C. that D. this 6. It is time ______ we had dinner. A. when B. that C. what D. which 7. ______ is a long way from here to the airport. A. There B. This C. It D. That 8. I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them 9. It was in the street ______ I met an old friend yesterday. A. where B. that C. which D. when 10. The weather in Beijing is colder than ______ in Nanjing in winter. A. it B. that C. this D. one 三、句型转换题 1. To finish the work in three days is impossible.（用 it 作形式主语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. That he will come to the party is certain.（用 it 作形式主语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. We consider that learning English is important.（用 it 作形式宾语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. I found that solving the problem was difficult.（用 it 作形式宾语改写） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. He bought a new computer. It cost him 5000 yuan.（合并句子，用 it 指代） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. She gave me a book. I like the book very much.（合并句子，用 it 指代） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. I met Tom at the cinema last night.（强调 “at the cinema”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. They will hold the meeting in the hall tomorrow.（强调 “in the hall”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. She didn't go to bed until her son came back.（强调 “until her son came back”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. We started the project last week.（强调 “last week”） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、汉译英 1. 据说那位在国外深造多年的学者是一位在物理学领域有着卓越贡献的著名科学家。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 对于那些长期久坐办公室的人来说，每天步行半小时对保持身体健康和良好的精神状态有极大的好处。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 我觉得在这样一个充满文化氛围的古老城市里和知识渊博的他深入交谈是一件非常愉快且有意义的事。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 直到天上的星星都出来了，忙碌了一整天的他才拖着疲惫的身体回到那个简陋但温馨的家。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 从我们学校新建的图书馆到我那位于城市另一端的家，乘坐公交车大约有二十公里的距离。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 尽管她付出了很多努力，但还是发现要在这么短的时间内学好难度极高的高等数学是不容易的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 正是在我最困难、最无助的时候，善良且乐于助人的他毫不犹豫地伸出援手帮助了我。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 在资源有限且时间紧迫的情况下，按时完成这项要求极高、极其复杂的工作是相当困难的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 我非常讨厌在倾盆大雨且伴随着强风的天气里不得不出门去处理那些琐碎的事情。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 随着社会的不断发展和进步，人们普遍认为接受高质量的教育对个人的未来发展和国家的繁荣昌盛是至关重要的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型一 阅读理解（模考真题） Passage 1 (2024·湖北黄冈中学5月第二次模拟) Big Thinkers Series The Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks，covering a wide range of topics by world－class scientist speakers and experts.If you are curious about your planet or your universe，then this series is your place to hear the latest research. Save ￡20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on demand) or purchase single tickets for just ￡13 per lecture (available by early booking). Reality＋：From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David Chalmers In this talk，philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse－style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR. What We don’t Know About Gravity with Claudia de Rham We are all familiar with the concept of gravity.In this talk，Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover. A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel From Stonehenge to atomic clocks，here is the 5，000－year history of how science is used to mark time.Chad Orzel，the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog，offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (离奇的) historical detail. Physics at the End of the Universe with Katie Mack The Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last 13.8 billion years.But how does the story end? Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics(天体物理学) tells us about the final fate of the universe. 1.How much does a series ticket cost? A.￡13. B.￡20. C.￡30. D.￡32. 2.What will Chad Orzel lecture in? A.The genuine reality. B.The secrets of gravity. C.The history of time marking. D.The final fate of the universe. 3.What do the four talks have in common? A.They are all aimed at science lovers. B.They are all concerned with gravity. C.They will all be given by bestselling authors. D.They will all be given by excellent physicians. Passage 2 (2024·湖南常德统考模拟预测)Fragile.Oversensitive.Glued to their phones.Is this what comes to mind when we think of the teens of this generation? While this may be true，there might be more to this generation of teens than what is generally perceived. Never before have the lives of any generation of teens been as flooded with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation.The popularity of social media has led to a world in which teens have to participate in social media，or else cause the social anger of their friends，some of whom communicate primarily via those online platforms.As compared to their parents or grandparents who were likely less connected and more isolated，these teens are constantly exposed to the highlight reels (高光时刻) of many in their social circles and beyond.It is no wonder that the self－esteem and mental health of this generation’s teens have__taken__a__hit. Moreover，the teens today are more individualistic.This is in contrast to the kampong spirit of their parents’ and grandparents’ days.Gone is the friendship among neighbours who are friendly with one another and quick to offer a helping hand when they see another in need.In its place，we have teens who may not even have a clue as to who lives in the unit next to theirs，much less offer a friendly nod or wave when they happen to cross paths with a neighbour. Yet，the effects of technology on this generation of teens are not all bad.Arguably，the very connectedness that social media brings about has led to being more progressive.Logging onto platforms where people of all walks of life gather means that one is exposed to those people and their distinctive ways of life.In comparison，the parents or grandparents of this generation of teens probably did not have the same opportunity to get to know people outside of their social circles at their age，and are thus more likely to have fixed，stereotypical (刻板的) opinions of people different from them.This generation of teens，on the other hand，has the chance to use this technology to understand the variety and diversity out there. 1.What does the underlined phrase “have taken a hit” mean in Paragraph 2? A.Have been terribly hurt. B.Have improved a lot. C.Have recovered soon. D.Have been ignored. 2.Which belongs to the kampong spirit according to Paragraph 3? A.Telephone your parents regularly. B.Never say Hi to your classmates. C.Share your food with neighbours. D.Borrow money from your teacher. 3.What good effect does social media have on the teens? A.They are more ambitious and active. B.They are more friendly and generous. C.They are more independent of their parents. D.They are more open－minded and better informed. 4.How is the text developed? A.By giving examples. B.By showing statistics. C.By making comparisons. D.By providing instructions. Passage 3 (2024·山东青岛统考三模)By 2050，68% of the global population will live in cities.That’s 2.5 billion more people than today.In Europe，three out of four of us already live in urban areas，and the consequences of that are becoming clear.Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution.As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces，what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in. Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect，which refers to heat trapped in built－up areas.The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people，transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete structures，unable to escape to the atmosphere.This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3－4 ℃ higher than the surrounding countryside，and with that comes a severe cycle.Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling.This expands our energy consumption，which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption，increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets. Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in making our urban areas healthier.For example，adding a layer of vegetation to rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island effect.Trees in our streets also play their part，and a variety of tree species can have a profound effect.Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our stress levels and concentration at work.“People need to interact with nature whenever the opportunity arises.Something as simple as a five－to－ten－minute break during the workday can improve well－being and boost productivity，” Cecil，an expert studying nature in cities says. 1.How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1? A.By presenting facts. B.By listing examples. C.By comparing numbers. D.By questioning an estimate. 2.What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 2? A.Overcome. B.Change. C.Ease. D.Shift. 3.What might be a consequence of the urban heat island effect? A.Lower temperature. B.Energy regeneration. C.Fuel shortage. D.Air pollution. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.How to Let Nature Back In B.Why We Need Green Spaces in Cities C.Heat Effect：An Unavoidable Urban Trouble D.Green Roofs：Tiny Urban Forests Passage 4 (2024·广东华南师大附中校考三模)One swallow (燕子) may not make a summer but seeing or hearing birds does improve mental wellbeing，researchers have found. The study，led by academics from King’s College London，also found that everyday encounters with birds boosted the mood of people with depression，as well as the wider population. The researchers said the findings suggested that visits to places with a wealth of birdlife，such as parks and canals，could be prescribed by doctors to treat mental health conditions.They added that their findings also highlighted the need to better protect the environment and improve biodiversity in urban，suburban and rural areas in order to preserve bird habitats. The study，published in the journal Scientific Reports，tracked 1，292 participants’ everyday encounters with birds last year via a smartphone app called Urban Mind. Over the course of two weeks，the participants，from the UK，Europe，the US，China and Australia，were required at random intervals to record how they were feeling，including whether they were happy or stressed，whether they could see trees，and whether they could see or hear birds. The researchers found that participants’ average mental wellbeing scores increased when they saw or heard birds，including among those who disclosed they had been diagnosed with depression. This beneficial effect also lasted beyond the moment of encountering birds，with higher levels of mental wellbeing noted by participants who did not see or hear birds the next time they recorded their mood. However，this positive effect did not persist if the participants did not encounter birds during the subsequent assessment of their mood，which the researchers said indicated “a possible causal link effect of birdlife on mental wellbeing”. Andrea Mechelli，professor of early intervention in mental health at King’s College London，said，“We need to create and support environments，particularly urban environments，where birdlife is a constant feature.To have a healthy population of birds，you also need plants，you also need trees.We need to nurture the whole ecosystem within our cities.” He added that the positive effect of bird encounters on people with depression was significant because many “interventions that help so－called ‘healthy people’ don’t work for individuals with mental health issues”. Mechelli said，“We know exercise makes everyone feel better.But it’s incredibly challenging to motivate someone with depression to exercise.Whereas contact with birdlife is something that，perhaps，is feasible.” 1.Which of the following will the researchers probably agree with? A.People will feel better if they go to parks every day. B.Greater value should be attached to conserving birds and their habitats. C.A large population of people with depression encounter birds every day. D.Doctors treating mental illnesses should visit places with a wealth of birds. 2.Why does the author mention the participants in paragraph 5? A.To clarify a doubt about the research process. B.To analyze the data of the research participants. C.To give a further explanation of the research method. D.To provide more supporting evidence for the research results. 3.What does the underlined word “feasible” mean in the last paragraph? A.Practical. B.Difficult. C.Advisable. D.Reasonable. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Regular Visits to Parks Boost Our Mental Wellbeing B.Bird and Birdsong Encounters Improve Mental Health C.Human Activities Have a Great Impact on Bird Species D.Bird Habitat Protection Changes People and the Planet 题型二 完形填空（模考真题） Passage 1 （2024湖南新邵县11月月考）When I was in middle school, it was decided for students to make a cultural exchange in Munich, Germany. We went to Germany to observe the 1 and difference of that culture compared with the Italian culture. As soon as we 2 , we were greeted by the boys and girls assigned (分派) to meet us. After we left the airport, we 3 a bus and it was there that we faced a(n) 4 difference. As everyone says, “Italians are noisy, more open and outgoing”, and this is what differentiates us from the Germans, who are much more reserved and 5 . On the bus, as we had a long way to go, we decided to listen to some 6 and sang out loud, and these kinds of things are often done during school trips by Italian 7 . When we were glancing at all the German kids, we decided to 8 because we realized our behavior led to a(n) 9 climate for them. After we settled down, we decided to have lunch in a restaurant. Shortly before entering that 10 , I recognized another difference between the two cultures. A man who greeted us opened the door first for himself and then let us in. The first thing I thought was how 11 he was. I asked if it was a normal thing for them. Then I received an unexpected 12 : German males go in first to 13 the place is safe, and then let the woman in. This exchange made me 14 the differences within cultures and how cultural shock works. 15 , I learned what seems normal to me can be something improper in another country, even if that country is just a few miles away. 1．A．source B．similarity C．balance D．development 2．A．flew B．ran C．moved D．landed 3．A．climbed up B．got on C．broke into D．knocked at 4．A．cultural B．habitual C．dietary D．educational 5．A．open-minded B．strict C．closed D．noisy 6．A．stories B．songs C．reports D．speeches 7．A．passengers B．friends C．teachers D．kids 8．A．stop B．continue C．start D．change 9．A．easy B．nervous C．abnormal D．horrific 10．A．restaurant B．school C．station D．hotel 11．A．cool B．rude C．quick D．clever 12．A．requirement B．order C．gift D．explanation 13．A．figure out B．keep in mind C．find out D．make sure 14．A．complain B．remove C．realize D．remember 15．A．Finally B．Especially C．Fortunately D．Absolutely Passage 2 (2025·四川德阳针对性训练）A police officer is being praised as a hero. He has helped a baby who was 1 to breathe after being born in the car on the way to the 2 . Last month, Miguel Covarrubias 3 his pregnant wife to an emergency room in New Mexico. 4 , the baby didn’t wait to arrive at the hospital. Police Officer Ismael Perez was on patrol(巡逻) when he received a 5 911 call about a woman who had given birth while on the way to the hospital. He saw Covarrubias run a red light and 6 him as he drove into the entrance to the 7 room. Upon arrival at the entrance, Perez immediately jumped out of his car and 8 to help the baby, who was then not breathing. “Go and get the nurses as 9 as possible. Tell them to hurry up and state police is on the scene,” Perez 10 Covarrubias. Then Perez began to pat the baby on the 11 gently, attempting to clear its throat. Thankfully, the baby began to 12 . “I have three kids of my own, and I’ve seen the 13 do that with my daughters,” Perez told ABC News. “So I did the same thing.” Now, the mom, dad and the baby are home and all is going fine. “I was grateful that Officer Perez was nearby. He 14 without delay and helped me out. What I want to do now is 15 thank him,” Covarrubias said. 1. A. managing B. pretending C. struggling D. hesitating 2. A. supermarket B. hospital C. shelter D. office 3. A. rushed B. led C. invited D. forced 4. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. However 5. A. temporary B. pleasing C. pressing D. necessary 6. A. arrested B. followed C. dragged D. pushed 7. A. emergency B. waiting C. guest D. fitness 8. A. happened B. agreed C. preferred D. offered 9. A. eagerly B. quickly C. curiously D. cautiously 10. A. urged B. begged C. warned D. threatened 11. A. leg B. head C. back D. hand 12. A. cry B. laugh C. shout D. signal 13. A. lawyers B. patients C. doctors D. parents 14. A. lost heart B. checked out C. hurried off D. took action 15. A. easily B. sincerely C. formally D. precisely 题型三 语法填空（本单元话题） A (2024四川眉山市高二期末)London’s food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese (广东的) restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines. For decades, London’s Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes ___1___ (root) in Guangdong province, while London’s Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much __2___ (broad) cultural shift. While Cantonese-centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it ___3___ big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes. To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones ___4___ (continuous) for bettering the menu. Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic (地道的) Chinese cooking, ___5___ (strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine. Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken centre stage in London, described as an “adventure” ___6___ locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences. Meanwhile, hearty hand-pulled noodles of Xi’an are also making waves, driven by the growing ___7___ (present) of Chinese customers and Londoners’ appetite for authentic regional flavors. Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, ___8___ (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true ___9___ one single mission — providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international ____10____(diner). ​B (2023·江西省鹰潭市一模A material can be really special when it was named after the place 1 it was created originally. That's certainly the case 2 china. And of all types of china, white porcelain (瓷) is among the most famous. Since then, the traditional material 3 (take) a modern look in the hands of four Chinese artists in the Modern White Porcelain Exhibition. And the key word here is modern. One of the 4 (work) is a porcelain boat. But look 5 (attentive) and you will see that the boat 6 (build) with porcelain looks like a takeout box. Inside the boat is a statue of a baby. The baby stands for humans and the boat is what supports life, 7 (suggest) we may have done some damage to 8 environment and that we are treating life like fast food. All the four artists gave white porcelain a modern style, each in 9 (they) own way. And this is what the exhibition’s theme comes from. It's a dialogue between the past 10 the present. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$