Unit 3 To be a good learner 副词比较级和最高级&反身代词-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】英语八年级上册（译林版2024）

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 3 To be a good learner （副词比较级和最高级&反身代词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、副词比较级和最高级 用法介绍 副词比较级用于两者之间比较动作的程度，表 “更……”；最高级用于三者及以上比较，表 “最……”，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，构成规则与形容词类似，但最高级前的 the 常可省略。 构成规则 原级 比较级 最高级 示例句子 单音节词加 - er/-est fast（快地） faster fastest He runs faster than me.（他跑得比我快。） She runs (the) fastest.（她跑得最快。） 以 e 结尾加 - r/-st late（晚地） later latest He arrived later than usual.（他到得比平时晚。） 辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 - er/-est early（早地） earlier earliest They came earlier than we did.（他们比我们到得早。） 多音节词前加 more/most quickly（快地） more quickly most quickly She speaks more quickly than him.（她说话比他快。） 不规则变化 well（好地） better best He sings better than his sister.（他唱得比他姐姐好。） badly（差地） worse worst He did worse in the exam than last time.（他这次考试比上次差。） 注意事项 1. 与形容词比较级的区分：副词比较级修饰动作（如 “run fast”），形容词比较级修饰名词（如 “a fast runner”），不可混用（如错误：He is a faster runner than me.→此处 fast 为形容词，正确；错误：He runs more fast→副词 fast 的比较级为 faster，无需加 more）。 2. 最高级的 the：副词最高级前的 the 可省略（如 “She works hardest. = She works the hardest.”），形容词最高级前的 the 不可省略。 3. 修饰词搭配：比较级前可加 much/a little/even 等表程度（如 “He runs much faster than before.（他比以前快多了。）”）。 二、反身代词 用法介绍 反身代词由人称代词加 - self/-selves 构成，用于指代主语本身，强调 “自己”，在句中可作宾语、表语或同位语，不可单独作主语。 人称 / 数 反身代词形式 用法示例 第一人称单数 myself I hurt myself.（我伤到了自己。） I did it myself.（我自己做的。→作同位语，强调主语） 第二人称单数 yourself You should take care of yourself.（你要照顾好自己。） 第三人称单数 himself/herself/itself He taught himself English.（他自学英语。） The cat washed itself.（猫在给自己洗澡。） 第一人称复数 ourselves We enjoyed ourselves at the party.（我们在派对上玩得很开心。） 第二人称复数 yourselves Help yourselves to some fruit, kids.（孩子们，随便吃点水果。） 第三人称复数 themselves They built the house themselves.（他们自己盖的房子。） 注意事项 1. 人称一致性：反身代词必须与主语人称一致（如错误：She hurt himself. 正确：She hurt herself.）。 2. 固定搭配：部分动词后常接反身代词，如 enjoy oneself（玩得开心）、help oneself（随便吃 / 用）、teach oneself（自学）等（如 “Did you enjoy yourselves?（你们玩得开心吗？）”）。 3. 不可作主语：反身代词不能单独作主语，需用主格人称代词（如错误：Myself did it. 正确：I did it myself.）。 一、单项选择 1．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期中）—Which do you like ________ , apples or bananas? —Apples. Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away. A．less B．well C．better D．best 2．（23-24八年级上·湖北孝感·期中）Who sings ________, Alice or Linda? A．beautiful B．beautifully C．more beautiful D．more beautifully 3．（23-24八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）Though Jack is younger, he writes ________ I do. A．less careful than B．more careful than C．less carefully than D．more carefully than 4．（23-24八年级上·湖北十堰·期中）—Li Hua speaks Japanese  ________ Xiao Lin. —I don’t think so. I think Li Hua does ________ better than Xiao Lin. A．as good as；a lot B．as well as；much C．as good as；a little D．as well as；more 5．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Bob skates ________ than I, but he doesn’t skate ________ my brother. A．much good; so good as B．better; as well as C．better; as good as D．much well; as well as 6．（23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—I didn’t pass my English exam again. I am having a hard time these days. —Come on! ________ you work, ________ you will be! A．The hard; the lucky B．The hardly; the more luckily C．The harder; the luckier D．The harder; the more luckily 7．（23-24八年级上·安徽黄山·期中）After farmers put their produce (农产品) online, it seems that it sells ________ than before. A．the better B．better C．well D．good 8．（23-24八年级上·江西赣州·期中）—Who sings ________ in your school? —Mary. She got a very good prize in the talent show. A．most beautifully B．most beautiful C．more beautifully D．more beautiful 9．（23-24八年级上·安徽淮北·期中）—Who sang ________ in yesterday’s singing competition, Sam, Peter or Bill? —Peter did. A．more beautiful B．more beautifully C．most beautiful D．most beautifully 10．（23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期中）—Dad, my teacher said I did my homework ________ in our class. —Well done, Ted! A．more careful B．most careful C．more carefully D．most carefully 11．（23-24八年级上·陕西西安·期中）—What do you think of Nelly in the singing competition? —She chose songs ________, but her voice is not ________. A．most carefully; the most beautiful B．the most carefully; most beautifully C．the most careful; the most beautiful D．the most careful; the most beautifully 12．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Tina is the champion (冠军) of the long jump. She jumps ______ in her school. A．far B．farthest C．high D．highest 13．（24-25八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）The story ________ is so wonderful that I hope all my friends can enjoy it. A．itself B．ourselves C．themselves D．myself 14．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—Promise me, you must keep the secret to ________, Millie and Lily. —OK, Amy. Can you keep it for us? A．yourself B．myself C．yourselves D．ourselves 15．（24-25八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）—It’s terrible for teenagers to ride e-bikes on the road so quickly. —Exactly. They often hurt ________ badly. A．myself B．himself C．themselves D．ourselves 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 16．（24-25八年级上·四川达州·期中）I enjoyed (I) when I camped on the top of Mount Batai. 17．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Boys and girls, you can enjoy (you) by learning. 18．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）They made (they) a wooden house in the woods. 19．（24-25八年级上·江苏常州·期中）The tool (it) is very useful, but you must use it in a correct way. 20．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期中）Believe in (yourself) and you can make it, children. 21．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Look, the students are preparing (they) for the competition. 22．（24-25八年级上·四川遂宁·期中）Peter sings (badly) than John. 23．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）He does even in English this term than last term. (bad) 24．（23-24八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Many people like climbing higher to see (far). 25．（23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期中）If you take math (serious) than before, you can get better grades. 26．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）When you are doing your listening exercises, the more careful you are, (easy) you can get the answer. 27．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Peter was unhappy because he did (badly) in the test among all the students. 28．（23-24八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Who did ________ (well) in the singing competition, Tom, Jim or Tim? 29．（22-23八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Peter was sad because he did (bad) in the P.E. test among all the students. 30．（22-23八年级上·山东德州·期中）He lives the (far) from school, so he has the longest journey. 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·山东德州·期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从每个方框中所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词填入空白处，必要时进行词形变化。 much,  you, if,  because, good,  important,  something,  way,  or,  I,  from Some students think it difficult to learn English 1 . That’s 2 they don’t find the right way. I think reading is 3 for students than listening. The 4 you read, the better you’ll understand. Reading is helpful in listening, speaking and writing. If you often read English aloud, you’ll improve your listening. On the other hand, listening a lot can help you to read better. Read English everywhere when you are free. 5 you like, you can get a lot of knowledge when you read. Sometimes you need to show 6 ideas, and then you can speak 7 write. That means you are using what you learned 8 reading. The same as Chinese, if you want to remember   9 , you should read it again and again. So from now on, you’d better do more reading. It’s a good 10 to learn English well. Passage 2 （22-23八年级上·山东德州·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个词中选择意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处。 beautiful, much, well, common, one, so, different, child, to, they, because Dear teacher and classmates, I am very glad to make a speech here in this class again! This time, I’d like to talk something about English. I love English. English is now used everywhere in the world. It has become the 1 language on Internet and for international trade. Learning English makes me more confident and brings me 2 pleasure. When I was seven, my mother sent me 3 an English school. I played games and sang English songs with other 4 there. Then I discovered the beauty of the language, and began my colorful dream in the English world. Every day, I read English following the tapes. Sometimes, I watch English cartoons. On the weekends, I often go to the English corner. By talking with 5 people than usual there, I have made more and more friends as well as improved my oral English. I hope I can travel around the world someday. I want to go to America to visit Washington Monument (纪念碑), 6 the president Washington is my idol (偶像). Of course, I want to go to London too, because England is where English language developed. Cambridge university in England is one of the 7 universities in the world. If I study hard, I will be the 8 girl to the university from Anshan, Liaoning. I hope I can speak English with everyone in the world. I’ll introduce China to 9 , such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English 10 . If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe as I love English every day, it will love me too. That’s all for my speech. Thank you! Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·陕西西安·期中）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 find  Chinese  come  discuss  I  show  know  hard  education  talk Now more and more young people from all around the world come to China to study or work. Alex, a 21-year-old American, 1 to Nanjing to study Chinese last year. He works 2 . He not only learns in class but also practices a lot after class. He tried to 3 with his Chinese friends and watch TV to improve his Chinese. Alex likes many kinds of Chinese TV 4 . A Bright World is one of his favourite ones. In the show, 11 young men have 5 on all kinds of things. They come from different countries but they can speak Chinese fluently（流利地）. “One of my friends told 6 about this show. And I started to love it after watching it for just 5 minutes,” said Alex. “Their talks are fun, relaxing and 7 at the same time.” As a beginner of Chinese, Alex sometimes 8 it a little difficult to follow the talks. However, he says it’s not a big problem. He is happy to see how people have casual（非正式的）talks in 9 . “A Bright World is such a great TV show.” said Alex. “It help me with my Chinese, and it lets me 10 more about cultures of different countries.” 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·山东菏泽·期末）阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 Dear David, I’m glad to hear from you. Thank you for 1 (trust) me and sharing your problem with me. I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your math exam last term 2 you made many careless mistakes. As a result, your parents got very 3 (anger) and scolded (训斥) you. You must have been upset and maybe even felt that they didn’t love you any more. In fact, I had 4 same experience as you when I was in my in primary school. I once did very 5 (bad) in my English exam and my parents scolded me, too. They even warned (警告) me that they wouldn’t let me go out to play 6 (unless) I could do well in the next exam. At that time, I really didn’t know what to do, so I went to ask my English teacher 7 advice. She asked me to have a talk with my parents and promise that I would work hard and be 8 (care) in the next exam. I did as my English teacher told me. To my surprise, my parents were 9 (understand). Why don’t you try and do as I did? I’m sure your parents will be thankful that you talk with them and the three of you will be happier for it. I hope this advice will help you 10 (solve) your problem as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Mike Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·四川巴中·期中）English is very important today. How can we learn English 1 (good)? Different people have different 2 (idea). Our teacher, Miss Wang thinks reading English every day is very useful. My classmate Fangfang says that 3 (learn) English songs on the radio is 4 (a) good way to learn English words. Allen likes watching English films and TV programs 5 (because) he thinks they are useful for learning English. Betty thinks that taking notes is good 6 (for)  English learning. She usually 7 (write) down all the key points in her notebook and studies them often. Henry tells 8 (we) to remember English grammar. He thinks it’s good for us 9 (make) up English conversations often. If we follow their advice (建议),we can improve our English 10   (real) fast. Let’s have a try together! Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·山东潍坊·期中）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 I’m glad you are going to Beijing 1 (learn) Chinese. Every year, there are millions of 2 (foreign) coming to China to learn Chinese. China is one of the greatest 3 (country) in the world and Chinese is becoming more and more 4 (use). Many people abroad are learning it now. But it may be 5 (difficult) for them than Chinese, because it is different from English. As a language, Chinese 6 (get) as important as English. So I think it’s also a new challenge for you. If you want to learn it well, you’d better study 7 (hard) than before. Remember 8 (listen) to the radio to practice your listening. It’s a good way of 9 (catch) every chance to talk in Chinese. It’s important to do some reading and writing. If you have any questions, please ask me. I’m sure you 10 (do) better. Hope to see you soon in Beijing. 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 3 To be a good learner （副词比较级和最高级&反身代词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、副词比较级和最高级 用法介绍 副词比较级用于两者之间比较动作的程度，表 “更……”；最高级用于三者及以上比较，表 “最……”，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，构成规则与形容词类似，但最高级前的 the 常可省略。 构成规则 原级 比较级 最高级 示例句子 单音节词加 - er/-est fast（快地） faster fastest He runs faster than me.（他跑得比我快。） She runs (the) fastest.（她跑得最快。） 以 e 结尾加 - r/-st late（晚地） later latest He arrived later than usual.（他到得比平时晚。） 辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 - er/-est early（早地） earlier earliest They came earlier than we did.（他们比我们到得早。） 多音节词前加 more/most quickly（快地） more quickly most quickly She speaks more quickly than him.（她说话比他快。） 不规则变化 well（好地） better best He sings better than his sister.（他唱得比他姐姐好。） badly（差地） worse worst He did worse in the exam than last time.（他这次考试比上次差。） 注意事项 1. 与形容词比较级的区分：副词比较级修饰动作（如 “run fast”），形容词比较级修饰名词（如 “a fast runner”），不可混用（如错误：He is a faster runner than me.→此处 fast 为形容词，正确；错误：He runs more fast→副词 fast 的比较级为 faster，无需加 more）。 2. 最高级的 the：副词最高级前的 the 可省略（如 “She works hardest. = She works the hardest.”），形容词最高级前的 the 不可省略。 3. 修饰词搭配：比较级前可加 much/a little/even 等表程度（如 “He runs much faster than before.（他比以前快多了。）”）。 二、反身代词 用法介绍 反身代词由人称代词加 - self/-selves 构成，用于指代主语本身，强调 “自己”，在句中可作宾语、表语或同位语，不可单独作主语。 人称 / 数 反身代词形式 用法示例 第一人称单数 myself I hurt myself.（我伤到了自己。） I did it myself.（我自己做的。→作同位语，强调主语） 第二人称单数 yourself You should take care of yourself.（你要照顾好自己。） 第三人称单数 himself/herself/itself He taught himself English.（他自学英语。） The cat washed itself.（猫在给自己洗澡。） 第一人称复数 ourselves We enjoyed ourselves at the party.（我们在派对上玩得很开心。） 第二人称复数 yourselves Help yourselves to some fruit, kids.（孩子们，随便吃点水果。） 第三人称复数 themselves They built the house themselves.（他们自己盖的房子。） 注意事项 1. 人称一致性：反身代词必须与主语人称一致（如错误：She hurt himself. 正确：She hurt herself.）。 2. 固定搭配：部分动词后常接反身代词，如 enjoy oneself（玩得开心）、help oneself（随便吃 / 用）、teach oneself（自学）等（如 “Did you enjoy yourselves?（你们玩得开心吗？）”）。 3. 不可作主语：反身代词不能单独作主语，需用主格人称代词（如错误：Myself did it. 正确：I did it myself.）。 一、单项选择 1．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期中）—Which do you like ________ , apples or bananas? —Apples. Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away. A．less B．well C．better D．best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——苹果和香蕉，你更喜欢哪一个？——苹果。因为每天一个苹果，医生远离我。 考查比较级。less较少地；well好地；better更好；best最好。根据“apples or bananas?”可知，是两者比较，用比较级，且此处表示更喜欢哪种水果，用比较级better。故选C。 2．（23-24八年级上·湖北孝感·期中）Who sings ________, Alice or Linda? A．beautiful B．beautifully C．more beautiful D．more beautifully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：谁唱得更好，爱丽丝还是琳达？ 考查副词比较级。beautiful出色的，形容词；beautifully美妙地，副词；more beautiful更出色，形容词比较级； more beautifully更美妙，副词比较级。根据“Alice or Linda?”可知，此处问谁唱得更好，且修饰动词sings，应该填副词比较级。故选D。 3．（23-24八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）Though Jack is younger, he writes ________ I do. A．less careful than B．more careful than C．less carefully than D．more carefully than 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然杰克年轻，但他写得比我更仔细。 考查副词的比较级。less careful than不如……细心；more careful than比……更细心；less carefully than不如……仔细；more carefully than比……更仔细。根据“Though Jack is younger,”可知，此处是指尽管年轻些，但他写得更仔细，排除A和C；再根据空前“writes”可知，这里应用副词“carefully”修饰动词，排除B。故选D。 4．（23-24八年级上·湖北十堰·期中）—Li Hua speaks Japanese  ________ Xiao Lin. —I don’t think so. I think Li Hua does ________ better than Xiao Lin. A．as good as；a lot B．as well as；much C．as good as；a little D．as well as；more 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——李华英语说得和小华一样好。——我不这么认为。我认为李华说得比小林好多了。 考查副词原级和比较级。as good as和……一样好，形容词原级；as well as和……一样好，副词原级；a lot很多；a little一点；much非常，修饰比较级；more更，比较级。第一空应表达说得一样好，修饰动词speak用副词；第二空修饰比较级better用much。故选B。 5．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Bob skates ________ than I, but he doesn’t skate ________ my brother. A．much good; so good as B．better; as well as C．better; as good as D．much well; as well as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：鲍勃滑冰比我好，但他不如我哥哥滑得好。 考查比较级。as well as和……一样好，是副词，修饰动词；so/as good as和……一样好，是形容词，修饰名词。第一空根据介词than可知此处用比较级，故用better，排除A和D项。第二空as well as“和……一样好”修饰动词skate。故选B。 6．（23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—I didn’t pass my English exam again. I am having a hard time these days. —Come on! ________ you work, ________ you will be! A．The hard; the lucky B．The hardly; the more luckily C．The harder; the luckier D．The harder; the more luckily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我的英语考试又没有通过。这些天我过得很艰难。——加油！你越努力，就会越幸运！ 考查形容词、副词及比较级用法。hard努力地，副词；lucky幸运的，形容词；hardly几乎不；more luckily更幸运地，副词luckily的比较级；harder更努力地，hard的比较级；luckier更幸运的，形容词lucky的比较级。根据“...you work...you will be!”及选项可知，此处应用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构表示“越……就越……”，故排除A和B；第二空在句中作表语，应选填形容词。故选C。 7．（23-24八年级上·安徽黄山·期中）After farmers put their produce (农产品) online, it seems that it sells ________ than before. A．the better B．better C．well D．good 【答案】B 【详解】句意：农民将农产品放到网上后，似乎比以前卖了更好了。 考查比较级用法。good好的，形容词，为原级；well好，副词；better更好，比较级；the best最好，最高级。根据“than”可知，应用比较级，sells为动词，需well的比较级better，故选B。 8．（23-24八年级上·江西赣州·期中）—Who sings ________ in your school? —Mary. She got a very good prize in the talent show. A．most beautifully B．most beautiful C．more beautifully D．more beautiful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你们学校谁唱得最好听？——玛丽。她在才艺表演中获得了很好的奖。 考查副词的用法以及副词的最高级。根据“in your school”可知此处询问谁唱得最好听，故此处修饰动词用副词的最高级most beautifully。故选A。 9．（23-24八年级上·安徽淮北·期中）—Who sang ________ in yesterday’s singing competition, Sam, Peter or Bill? —Peter did. A．more beautiful B．more beautifully C．most beautiful D．most beautifully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在昨天的歌唱比赛中，谁唱得最美妙，萨姆、彼得还是比尔？——是彼得。 考查副词最高级。beautiful美妙的，出色的；beautifully美妙地，出色地。空处修饰动词“sang”，需用副词，可排除AC选项；结合“Sam, Peter or Bill?”可知，三者进行比较，需用最高级。故选D。 10．（23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期中）—Dad, my teacher said I did my homework ________ in our class. —Well done, Ted! A．more careful B．most careful C．more carefully D．most carefully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我的老师说我在班上做作业最仔细。 ——做得好，泰德！ 考查比较级。根据“I did my homework...in our class”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，应用最高级形式，修饰动词用副词，故选D。 11．（23-24八年级上·陕西西安·期中）—What do you think of Nelly in the singing competition? —She chose songs ________, but her voice is not ________. A．most carefully; the most beautiful B．the most carefully; most beautifully C．the most careful; the most beautiful D．the most careful; the most beautifully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认为内莉在歌唱比赛中表现如何？——她选歌最认真，但是她的嗓音是最不美的。 考查最高级。分析句子结构可知，第一个空用副词最高级形式，修饰动词“chose”；第二个空用形容词最高级形式，作表语。故选A。 12．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Tina is the champion (冠军) of the long jump. She jumps ______ in her school. A．far B．farthest C．high D．highest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：蒂娜是跳远冠军。她在学校跳得最远。 考查最高级和副词辨析。far远；farthest最远地；high高；highest最高地。根据“in her school.”和“Tina is the champion of the long jump.”可知，空处需用最高级，且跳得最远才是跳远冠军。故选B。 13．（24-25八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）The story ________ is so wonderful that I hope all my friends can enjoy it. A．itself B．ourselves C．themselves D．myself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事本身非常精彩，我希望我所有的朋友都能喜欢它。 考查代词词义辨析。itself它自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；myself我自己。由前面的主语“The story”可知，此处应用反身代词itself。故选A。 14．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—Promise me, you must keep the secret to ________, Millie and Lily. —OK, Amy. Can you keep it for us? A．yourself B．myself C．yourselves D．ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——答应我，米莉和莉莉，你们必须保守秘密。——好的，艾米。你能帮我们保密吗？ 考查反身代词。yourself你自己；myself我自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据“Millie and Lily”可知，是让这两人保守秘密，应用“你们自己”指代对方。故选C。 15．（24-25八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）—It’s terrible for teenagers to ride e-bikes on the road so quickly. —Exactly. They often hurt ________ badly. A．myself B．himself C．themselves D．ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——青少年在路上这么快地骑电动自行车是很可怕的。——完全正确。他们经常受严重的伤。 考查反身代词。myself我自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据“They”可知，此处指伤到他们自己，应用themselves。故选C。 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 16．（24-25八年级上·四川达州·期中）I enjoyed (I) when I camped on the top of Mount Batai. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：当我在巴台山顶露营时，我玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，空处用I的反身代词myself。故填myself。 17．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Boys and girls, you can enjoy (you) by learning. 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：男孩女孩们，你们可以通过学习来享受你们自己。enjoy oneself“享受自己”，主语是复数，you应改成yourselves。故填yourselves。 18．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）They made (they) a wooden house in the woods. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：他们给自己在树林里建了一栋木屋。根据“a wooden house in the woods”可知，给自己建木屋，主语是they，宾语应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 19．（24-25八年级上·江苏常州·期中）The tool (it) is very useful, but you must use it in a correct way. 【答案】itself 【详解】句意：这件工具本身非常有用，但是你必须用正确的方式使用它。空格处作主语tool的同位语，要用反身代词。it的反身代词为itself。故填itself。 20．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期中）Believe in (yourself) and you can make it, children. 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，相信自己，你就能成功。根据空后“and you can make it”可知，主语是“you”，结合括号里的提示词“yourself”可知，该句表达意思为“相信你自己”，应用反身代词。结合句中“children”可知是复数形式，“yourself”变为“yourselves”。故填yourselves。 21．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Look, the students are preparing (they) for the competition. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：看，学生们正在为比赛做准备。此处需要填入反身代词，表示学生们为比赛做准备。主语是“the students”，对应的反身代词为“themselves”。故填themselves。 22．（24-25八年级上·四川遂宁·期中）Peter sings (badly) than John. 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：彼得唱得比约翰差。根据“than”可知，需要用badly的比较级worse。故填worse。 23．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）He does even in English this term than last term. (bad) 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：他这学期英语甚至比上学期更糟糕。由“than”可知，此空用比较级；由“does”可知，此空用副词修饰动词，bad副词为badly，其比较级为worse。故填worse。 24．（23-24八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Many people like climbing higher to see (far). 【答案】farther 【详解】句意：许多人喜欢爬得更高，看得更远。根据“climbing higher”可知，此处用far“远”的比较级farther“更远”。故填farther。 25．（23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期中）If you take math (serious) than before, you can get better grades. 【答案】more seriously 【详解】句意：如果你比以前更认真地对待数学，你会取得更好的成绩。修饰动词take，需用副词seriously“认真地”；结合“than”可知，空处需用副词比较级。故填more seriously。 26．（23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）When you are doing your listening exercises, the more careful you are, (easy) you can get the answer. 【答案】the more easily 【详解】句意：当你做听力练习时，你越仔细，就越容易得到答案。根据“the more careful you are”可知，这里考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”用法，表示“越来越”，且空处要用easy的副词修饰动词get，easy副词是easily，其比较级是more easily。故填the more easily。 27．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Peter was unhappy because he did (badly) in the test among all the students. 【答案】worst/the worst 【详解】句意：彼得很不高兴，因为他在所有学生中考试成绩最差。根据“Peter was unhappy because he did…in the test among all the students.”，可知修饰did，应用副词，而在所有学生当中，这表明是在多个人之间进行比较，当在三者或三者以上进行比较时，要用形容词或副词的最高级形式。badly是副词，最高级形式 (the) worst。副词最高级前的the可以省略，故填worst/the worst。 28．（23-24八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Who did ________ (well) in the singing competition, Tom, Jim or Tim? 【答案】best/the best 【详解】句意：谁在歌唱比赛中做得最好，汤姆，吉姆还是蒂姆？根据“Tom, Jim or Tim”和提示词“well”可知，这是三个人在作比较，横线处需填副词well的最高级best或the best。故填best/the best。 29．（22-23八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Peter was sad because he did (bad) in the P.E. test among all the students. 【答案】worst/the worst 【详解】句意：Peter很伤心，因为他在所有学生中体育考试中表现最差。修饰动词did，应用副词badly；根据“among all the students”可知，此处应用副词最高级形式，badly最高级为(the) worst“最差的”。故填(the) worst。 30．（22-23八年级上·山东德州·期中）He lives the (far) from school, so he has the longest journey. 【答案】farthest 【详解】句意：他住得离学校最远，所以他的路程最长。根据语境和提示词汇可知，他从住处到学校的路程最长，可推测此处是他住的地方离学校最远，“the+最高级+比较范围”表示“……中最……的”，空处需填副词最高级，修饰lives，farthest“最远”为副词far的最高级。故填farthest。 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·山东德州·期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从每个方框中所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词填入空白处，必要时进行词形变化。 much,  you, if,  because, good,  important,  something,  way,  or,  I,  from Some students think it difficult to learn English 1 . That’s 2 they don’t find the right way. I think reading is 3 for students than listening. The 4 you read, the better you’ll understand. Reading is helpful in listening, speaking and writing. If you often read English aloud, you’ll improve your listening. On the other hand, listening a lot can help you to read better. Read English everywhere when you are free. 5 you like, you can get a lot of knowledge when you read. Sometimes you need to show 6 ideas, and then you can speak 7 write. That means you are using what you learned 8 reading. The same as Chinese, if you want to remember   9 , you should read it again and again. So from now on, you’d better do more reading. It’s a good 10 to learn English well. 【答案】 1. well 2. because 3. more important 4. more 5. If 6. your 7. or 8. from 9. something 10. way 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何学好英语。 1. 句意：一些学生认为学好英语很难。根据“Some students think it difficult to learn English”及备选词汇，可知此处指学好英语很难，需使用形容词good“好的”的副词形式well，修饰动词。故填well。 2. 句意：那是因为他们没有找到正确的方法。根据“That’s...they don’t find the right way.”及备选词汇，可知此处在介绍学不好英语的原因，因此使用连词because“因为”，引导表语从句。故填because。 3. 句意：我认为阅读对学生来说比听力更重要。根据“I think reading is...for students than listening.”及备选词汇，可知此处指阅读对学生来说比听力更重要，需填形容词important“重要的”的比较级。故填more important。 4. 句意：你读得越多，就理解得越好。根据“The...you read, the better you’ll understand.”及备选词汇，可知此处指读得越多，就越能理解。固定句型“The+比较级...，the+比较级...”表示“越……就越……”，需填much的比较级more。故填more。 5. 句意：如果你喜欢，你可以在阅读时获得很多知识。根据“...you like, you can get a lot of knowledge when you read.”及备选词汇，可知此处指如果你喜欢，你可以在阅读时获得很多知识。需填连词if“如果”。故填If。 6. 句意：有时你需要展示你的想法，然后你才能说话或写作。根据“Sometimes you need to show...ideas”及备选词汇，可知此处指有时你需要展示你的想法，需填you的形容词性物主代词your“你的”，修饰名词ideas。故填your。 7. 句意：有时你需要展示你的想法，然后你才能说话或写作。根据“...and then you can speak...write.”及备选词汇，可知此处需填并列连词or“或者”，连接两个动词。故填or。 8. 句意：这意味着你正在使用你从阅读中学到的东西。根据“That means you are using what you learned...reading.”及备选词汇，可知此处指从阅读中学到的东西，动词短语learn from...“从……学习”。故填from。 9. 句意：就像中文一样，如果你想记住一些东西，你应该一遍又一遍地读。根据“if you want to remember...you should read it again and again.”及备选词汇，可知此处需填不定代词something“某些东西”作宾语。故填something。 10. 句意：这是学好英语的好方法。根据“It’s a good...to learn English well.”及备选词汇，可知此处指这是学好英语的好方法，需使用可数名词way“方法”的单数形式，做表语。故填way。 Passage 2 （22-23八年级上·山东德州·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个词中选择意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处。 beautiful, much, well, common, one, so, different, child, to, they, because Dear teacher and classmates, I am very glad to make a speech here in this class again! This time, I’d like to talk something about English. I love English. English is now used everywhere in the world. It has become the 1 language on Internet and for international trade. Learning English makes me more confident and brings me 2 pleasure. When I was seven, my mother sent me 3 an English school. I played games and sang English songs with other 4 there. Then I discovered the beauty of the language, and began my colorful dream in the English world. Every day, I read English following the tapes. Sometimes, I watch English cartoons. On the weekends, I often go to the English corner. By talking with 5 people than usual there, I have made more and more friends as well as improved my oral English. I hope I can travel around the world someday. I want to go to America to visit Washington Monument (纪念碑), 6 the president Washington is my idol (偶像). Of course, I want to go to London too, because England is where English language developed. Cambridge university in England is one of the 7 universities in the world. If I study hard, I will be the 8 girl to the university from Anshan, Liaoning. I hope I can speak English with everyone in the world. I’ll introduce China to 9 , such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English 10 . If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe as I love English every day, it will love me too. That’s all for my speech. Thank you! 【答案】 1. commonest/most common 2. more 3. to 4. children 5. more different 6. because 7. best 8. first 9. them 10. beautifully 【导语】本文是一篇演讲稿，倡导我们努力学习，学好英语。 1. 句意：它已经成为互联网和国际贸易中最常见的语言。根据“English is now used everywhere in the world.”可知英语现在在世界各地都被使用，因此是最常见的语言，结合备选词汇可知，common“常见的”，the修饰形容词最高级。故填commonest/most common。 2. 句意：学习英语使我更加自信，给我带来更多快乐。根据“more confident”和备选词汇可知更加自信会带来更多快乐，much的比较级是more。故填more。 3. 句意：我七岁的时候，妈妈把我送到一所英语学校。send sb. to“送某人去”，符合题意。故填to。 4. 句意：我在那里和其他孩子一起玩游戏，唱英文歌。根据“an English school”和备选词汇可知是和学校的孩子一起玩，child“孩子”，other修饰名词复数，children符合题意。故填children。 5. 句意：通过在那里与更多不同的人交谈，我结交了越来越多的朋友，提高了我的英语口语。此处修饰名词people需形容词，根据“more and more friends”和备选词汇可知越来越多的朋友的前提需要与更多不同的人交谈，即different“不同的”，than是比较级的标志。故填more different。 6. 句意：我想去美国参观华盛顿纪念碑，因为华盛顿总统是我的偶像。空后为句子，因此填连词；后句为前句的原因，结合备选词汇可知是because，故填because。 7. 句意：英国的剑桥大学是世界上最好的大学之一。根据“universities in the world”和备选词汇可知是最好的学校之一，“one of the+adj.最高级+n.复数”，即“最……之一”，这里用best“最好的”。故填best。 8. 句意：如果我努力学习，我将成为辽宁鞍山第一个进入大学的女孩。根据“girl to the university from Anshan, Liaoning”和备选词汇可知是第一个进入大学的女孩，one的序数词first“第一个”，符合题意。故填first。 9. 句意：我会向他们介绍中国，比如长城、紫禁城等等。introduce sth. to sb.“向某人介绍某物”，此处sb.需填宾格，代指“the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on”，因此是第三人称复数，they的宾格them符合题意。故填them。 10. 句意：我相信，经过不断的努力学习，总有一天我会说一口流利的英语。此处需填副词修饰动词“讲英语”；根据“continuous hard study”可知不断努力学习，会讲好英语，结合备选词汇可知应用beautiful的副词形式。故填beautifully。 Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·陕西西安·期中）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 find  Chinese  come  discuss  I  show  know  hard  education  talk Now more and more young people from all around the world come to China to study or work. Alex, a 21-year-old American, 1 to Nanjing to study Chinese last year. He works 2 . He not only learns in class but also practices a lot after class. He tried to 3 with his Chinese friends and watch TV to improve his Chinese. Alex likes many kinds of Chinese TV 4 . A Bright World is one of his favourite ones. In the show, 11 young men have 5 on all kinds of things. They come from different countries but they can speak Chinese fluently（流利地）. “One of my friends told 6 about this show. And I started to love it after watching it for just 5 minutes,” said Alex. “Their talks are fun, relaxing and 7 at the same time.” As a beginner of Chinese, Alex sometimes 8 it a little difficult to follow the talks. However, he says it’s not a big problem. He is happy to see how people have casual（非正式的）talks in 9 . “A Bright World is such a great TV show.” said Alex. “It help me with my Chinese, and it lets me 10 more about cultures of different countries.” 【答案】 1. came 2. hard 3. talk 4. shows 5. discussions 6. me 7. educational 8. finds 9. Chinese 10. know 【导语】本文主要讲述了亚历克斯学习中文的经历。 1. 句意：21岁的美国人亚历克斯去年来到南京学习中文。根据“Nanjing to study Chinese last year”和备选词汇可知，来南京学习，结合last year，时态是一般过去时，came符合句意。故填came。 2. 句意：他学习很努力。根据“He not only learns in class but also practices a lot after class.”和备选词汇可知，他很努力，work hard“学习努力”符合句意，故填hard。 3. 句意：他试着和他的中国朋友聊天，看电视来提高他的中文。根据“to improve his Chinese”和备选词汇可知，和同学交谈来提高英语，结合try to do sth，动词原形“talk”符合句意，故填talk。 4. 句意：亚历克斯喜欢很多种中国电视节目。根据“A Bright World”和备选词汇可知，喜欢中国电视节目，结合many，需要名词复数，shows“节目”符合句意，故填shows。 5. 句意：在节目中，11名年轻男子进行了各种各样的对话。根据“on all kinds of things”和备选词汇可知，关于不同事物的对话，此处需要复数形式，discussions“对话”符合句意，故填discussions。 6. 句意：我的一个朋友告诉我这个节目。根据“And I started to love it after watching it for just 5 minutes”和备选词汇可知，朋友告诉了我，动词后用宾格，me“我”符合句意，故填me。 7. 句意：他们的演讲有趣、轻松，同时也具有教育意义。根据“Their talks are fun, relaxing ”和备选词汇可知，会谈有趣，放松且有教育意义，educational“有意义的”，形容词作表语，故填educational。 8. 句意：作为一个汉语初学者，Alex有时会觉得听不懂中文。根据“it a little difficult to follow the talks”和备选词汇可知，觉得有点难，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是三单，finds“发现，发觉”符合句意，故填finds。 9. 句意：他很高兴看到人们用中文随意交谈。根据“in +语言”和备选词汇可知，用中文进行会谈，Chinese“中文”符合句意，故填Chinese。 10. 句意：它帮助我学习中文，让我更多地了解不同国家的文化。根据“more about cultures of different countries”和备选词汇可知，更多了知道不同国家的文化，结合let sb do，此处用动词原形，know“知道”符合句意，故填know。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·山东菏泽·期末）阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 Dear David, I’m glad to hear from you. Thank you for 1 (trust) me and sharing your problem with me. I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your math exam last term 2 you made many careless mistakes. As a result, your parents got very 3 (anger) and scolded (训斥) you. You must have been upset and maybe even felt that they didn’t love you any more. In fact, I had 4 same experience as you when I was in my in primary school. I once did very 5 (bad) in my English exam and my parents scolded me, too. They even warned (警告) me that they wouldn’t let me go out to play 6 (unless) I could do well in the next exam. At that time, I really didn’t know what to do, so I went to ask my English teacher 7 advice. She asked me to have a talk with my parents and promise that I would work hard and be 8 (care) in the next exam. I did as my English teacher told me. To my surprise, my parents were 9 (understand). Why don’t you try and do as I did? I’m sure your parents will be thankful that you talk with them and the three of you will be happier for it. I hope this advice will help you 10 (solve) your problem as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Mike 【答案】 1. trusting 2. because 3. angry 4. the 5. badly 6. unless 7. for 8. careful 9. understanding 10. solve/to solve 【导语】本文是Mike写给David的一封信，他听说David上次数学考试没考好，因为他犯了许多粗心的错误，结果他的父母很生气并责骂了他，他为此感到很难过，于是写信向Mike寻求建议，Mike结合自己的经历给了他一些建议，告诉他与父母交流并承诺下次考试会努力、细心，父母会理解的，Mike希望这些建议能帮助David尽快解决问题。 1. 句意：感谢你信任我，并与我分享你的问题。thank you for doing sth.“感谢你做某事”，for是介词，后接动名词作宾语，trust的动名词是trusting。故填trusting。 2. 句意：很遗憾听到你上学期数学考试没考好是因为你犯了很多粗心的错误。根据“you didn’t do well in your math exam last term”以及“you made many careless mistakes.”可知，上次数学考试没考好是因为犯了许多粗心的错误，两者是因果关系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 3. 句意：结果，你的父母非常生气，并且训斥了你。根据“your parents got very … (anger)”可知，句中angry表示“生气的”，形容词作表语，get angry“变得生气”。故填angry。 4. 句意：事实上，我在小学时也有过和你一样的经历。根据“I had …  same experience as you”可知，句中same表示“相同的”，常与定冠词the连用。故填the。 5. 句意：我曾经在英语考试中考得非常差，我的父母也责骂了我。根据“I once did very … (bad) in my English exam”可知，此处应填bad的副词形式badly“差地”修饰动词短语did，在句中作状语。故填badly。 6. 句意：他们甚至警告我，如果我下次考试考不好，就不让我出去玩。根据“they wouldn’t let me go out to play … (unless) I could do well in the next exam.”可知，此处用unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 7. 句意：当时，我真的不知道该怎么办，所以我去请我的英语老师给我一些建议。根据“so I went to ask my English teacher… advice.”可知，固定短语ask sb. for sth.表示“向某人寻求某物”。故填 for。 8. 句意：她让我和父母谈谈，并承诺我会努力学习，下次考试会细心。根据“be … (care) in the next exam.”可知，此处应填care的形容词形式careful“细心的”，形容词作表语。故填careful。 9. 句意：令我惊讶的是，我的父母很理解。根据“my parents were … (understand).”可知，此处应填understanding“能够理解的”，形容词作表语。故填understanding。 10. 句意：我希望这些建议能帮助你尽快解决问题。help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人做某事”，固定短语。故填solve/to solve。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·四川巴中·期中）English is very important today. How can we learn English 1 (good)? Different people have different 2 (idea). Our teacher, Miss Wang thinks reading English every day is very useful. My classmate Fangfang says that 3 (learn) English songs on the radio is 4 (a) good way to learn English words. Allen likes watching English films and TV programs 5 (because) he thinks they are useful for learning English. Betty thinks that taking notes is good 6 (for)  English learning. She usually 7 (write) down all the key points in her notebook and studies them often. Henry tells 8 (we) to remember English grammar. He thinks it’s good for us 9 (make) up English conversations often. If we follow their advice (建议),we can improve our English 10   (real) fast. Let’s have a try together! 【答案】 1. well 2. ideas 3. learning 4. a 5. because 6. for 7. writes 8. us 9. to make 10. really 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的人有不同的学习英语的方法和建议。 1. 句意：我们怎样才能学好英语呢？空处修饰动词“learn”，应用副词；“good”是形容词，其副词形式是“well”。故填well。 2. 句意：不同的人有不同的想法。空处被different修饰，用名词复数形式。故填ideas。 3. 句意：我的同学芳芳说学习电台上的英文歌曲是学习英语单词的一个好方法。空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填learning。 4. 句意：我的同学芳芳说学习电台上的英文歌曲是学习英语单词的一个好方法。空处修饰名词短语“good way”，需要一个冠词，且way为可数名词单数，使用不定冠词“a”，故填a。 5. 句意：Allen喜欢看英语电影和电视节目，因为他认为这些对学习英语很有用。空格前后是因果关系，空后表示原因，所以用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，所以故填because。 6. 句意：Betty认为记笔记对英语学习是有帮助的。be good for“对……有好处”，固定短语，故填for。 7. 句意：她经常在她的笔记本上写下所有要点并经常学习它们。句子主语是“she”，时态是一般现在时，动词write应该用第三人称单数形式，故填writes。 8. 句意：Henry告诉我们要记住英语语法。空处作动词“tells”的宾与，要用“we”的宾格形式us，故填us。 9. 句意：他认为对我们来说经常编造英语对话是有帮助的。本句是固定句型it’s+adj.+for sb to do sth“对于某人来说做某事是怎样的”，所以空处用动词不定式。故填to make。 10. 句意：如果我们听从他们的建议，我们可以快速提高我们的英语。本句中“fast”为形容词，修饰形容词需用“real”的副词形式“really”。故填really。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·山东潍坊·期中）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 I’m glad you are going to Beijing 1 (learn) Chinese. Every year, there are millions of 2 (foreign) coming to China to learn Chinese. China is one of the greatest 3 (country) in the world and Chinese is becoming more and more 4 (use). Many people abroad are learning it now. But it may be 5 (difficult) for them than Chinese, because it is different from English. As a language, Chinese 6 (get) as important as English. So I think it’s also a new challenge for you. If you want to learn it well, you’d better study 7 (hard) than before. Remember 8 (listen) to the radio to practice your listening. It’s a good way of 9 (catch) every chance to talk in Chinese. It’s important to do some reading and writing. If you have any questions, please ask me. I’m sure you 10 (do) better. Hope to see you soon in Beijing. 【答案】 1. to learn 2. foreigners 3. countries 4. useful 5. more difficult 6. is getting 7. harder 8. to listen 9. catching 10. will do//can do 【导语】本文是一封书信。作者主要表达了对于收件人要来北京学汉语感到非常高兴。在文中也描述了汉语在国际上地位的提高以及盛行，也给收件人介绍了学习汉语的好的方法。 1. 句意：我很高兴你要去北京学汉语。根据语境，这里表示去北京的目的，应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to learn。 2. 句意：每年，有数百万的外国人来到中国学习汉语。根据空前“millions of”可知，该空应填名词复数形式，“foreigner”变为“foreigners”。故填foreigners。 3. 句意：中国是世界上最伟大的国家之一。结合句式结构和空前“greatest ”可知，该空应填名词，结合句中“ one of”可知该空应用复数形式，“country”变为复数形式“countries”。故填countries。 4. 句意：汉语正变得越来越有用。根据空前“more and more”副词短语“越来越”可知，该空应用形容词。故填useful。 5. 句意：但对外国人来说可能比中国人更难，因为它不同于英语。根据空后“than Chinese”可知是两者形成对比，所以用比较级形式。故填more difficult。 6. 句意：作为一门语言，汉语正变得和英语一样重要。根据句意可知，该句表达的是汉语正在变的和英语一样重要，所以用现在进行时，“get”变为“is getting”。故填is getting。 7. 句意：如果你想学好它，你最好比以前更努力学习。根据空后“than before”可知，与过去形成对比，所以用比较级，“hard”变为比较级形式“harder”。故填harder。 8. 句意：记得听收音机来练习听力。根据空前“Remember”可知，该处结构为“remember to do sth.”记得做某事。故填to listen。 9. 句意：这是一个很好的方法，抓住每一个机会说汉语。根据空前“of”可知，该空应用动名词形式，“catch”变为动名词形式“catching”。故填catching。 10. 句意：我确定你将会/能够做得更好。结合语境可知，该空表达意思是“将会做” 或者是“能够做”。故填will/can do。 9 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$