2025年高二英语秋季开学摸底考（北师大版2019）

2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版2019） 英语·参考答案 选择题部分 第1部分 听力 (共两节,满分30分) 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 【A篇答案】21．B 22．D 23．A 【B篇答案】24．D 25．A 26．B 27．C 【C篇答案】28．B 29．C 30．A 31．B 【D篇答案】32．A 33．C 34．C 35．D 【七选五答案】36．E 37．B 38．C 39．G 40．F 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。  41．C 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．C 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．C 非选择题部分 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56．needs 57．becoming 58．Surprisingly 59．popularity 60．a 61．on 62．whom 63．mixed 64．were played 65．to spread 八、书面表达（本题15分） 第一节（满分15分） Aiming to promote students’ physical and mental well-being and boost our creativity, our school’s annual School Art and Sports Festival was successfully held on April 17th and 18th, which attracted widespread attention.​ The festival featured various activities. The sports events, including running races and basketball games, witnessed intense competitions. Meanwhile, the art exhibitions displayed students’ wonderful paintings and handicrafts, and the talent shows were filled with amazing singing and dancing performances.​ This festival not only offered students a chance to showcase their skills but also strengthened their teamwork and friendship. It truly brought a lively and colorful atmosphere to our campus, leaving unforgettable memories for everyone. 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. Lily rushed to my side with a look of concern on her face. She helped me up and brushed off the dirt. “It’s okay, Sheila. Everyone falls when they’re learning to ride. It’s all part of the process,” Lily said with a soft but encouraging voice. Her words offered me a sense of comfort and I decided to challenge myself once more. I got back on the bike, ready to try again. To my surprise, I succeeded. I focused on maintaining my balance and staying calm. With each passing moment, my confidence grew. I rode down the street with Lily by my side, and a sense of achievement washed over me. Lily’s face lit up with pride and joy as she saw me master the bicycle. I never thought that one day I would learn how to ride a bike and this journey not only equipped me with a new skill but also taught me the importance of never giving up and the invaluable support of a friend. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版2019） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the woman’s home. B．In an office. C．In a hospital. 2．What kind of job does the woman like? A．Preparing food. B．Taking orders. C．Clearing tables. 3． Why can’t the man return the shoes? A．He has worn them too long. B．He lost the receipt. C．The shoes are comfortable. 4． How often does Shelly eat out? A．Three times a week. B．Four times a week. C．Five times a week. 5． What did the woman do just after high school? A．She played in a band. B．She started a new company. C．She worked as a saleswoman. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．How is Joy going to spend most of the holiday? A．Staying at home. B．Visiting her friend. C．Traveling in Singapore. 7．What does the man think of his holiday plan? A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Tiring. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Why does Stephen recommend the Spring Festival? A．It is a hot topic. B．It represents our culture. C．It involves many subjects. 9．How does the woman feel after discussing with Stephen? A．Stressed. B．Excited. C．Worried. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the woman probably? A．A teacher. B．A tour guide. C．An artist. 11．What do we know about David? A．It has stood in the gallery for more than 100 years. B．It was placed outside before 1504. C．It was originally made in 1604. 12．Which body part of David is used to show his power? A．His hands. B．His legs. C．His arms. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why does the woman want to sell the stuff? A．To spare room for furniture. B．To turn them into cash. C．To clean up the house. 14．What does the woman say about Bob? A．He has a problem with the ad. B．He can make a quick sale. C．He is kind and helpful. 15．What is the man’s opinion about Newsday’s service? A．Excellent. B．Unfriendly. C．Expensive. 16．What are the speakers going to do next? A．Write an ad. B．Make a call. C．Go to a market. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Reporting an event. B．Hosting a program. C．Chairing a meeting. 18．Who was the winner of the competition last year? A．Ryan. B．Jamie. C．Kenneth. 19．When will the national competition be held? A．This June B．Next June. C．Next July 20．What will the surfers do on Bradley Beach tonight? A．Give a report B．Join in a game. C．Meet their fans. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） A STINSON BEACH CLEAN-UP PROJECT Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer! Warmer weather and handfuls of holidays bring more people out to the beach which sometimes means more garbage too; join us once per month to clear litter and maintain the beauty there. When: One Friday a month between May and September. 10: 00 am—1: 00 pm. Where: Stinson Beach parking lot. Supplies: We invite volunteers to bring their own reusable supplies! Limit waste by bringing your own bag or bucket and gloves if possible — but don’t worry if you don’t — we’ll have some supplies on site for you to use. Group entry: Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. Age, Skills, What to bring: Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear (雨具). Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements. 21．What is the aim of the project? A．To attract the tourists. B．To beautify the beach. C．To provide trip study. D．To conduct a research. 22．What is required for volunteers under 18? A．Fine weather. B．Rich experience. C．School uniform. D．Parent permission. 23．What does the project provide for volunteers? A．Training. B．Long pants. C．Rain gear. D．Water bottles. B Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever).   Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare.   One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next intergenerational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later.   I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals.   This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about intergenerational friendships.   My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures.   It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 24．What has the author learned from her relationship with Ruby? A．Older adults are lonely and in need of care. B．Nurses are more likely to develop friendships. C．Advanced healthcare can bridge generation gaps. D．Friendships serve as a source of learning across ages. 25．What is the main theme of the author’s book? A．The joy of intergenerational friendships. B．The benefits of friendships. C．The importance of providing healthcare. D．The creation of fun events. 26．How did the book impact on society? A．Schools promoted children’ s reading. B．Children started befriending the elderly. C．More authors wrote stories about elders. D．Service projects gained great popularity. 27．What is the significance of the book for the author? A．It provided her with financial stability. B．It helped her reconnect with old friends. C．It enabled her to contribute to others’ lives. D．It made her childhood dream come true. C Winter is over, so chances are you’re ready for some major spring cleaning or cleansing. Whether you plan to clean your bedroom or wipe the windows, don’t forget to tidy up the kitchen! According to a study, a messy cooking space can lead to overeating. As part of the study, 101 female students were put in standard kitchen and messy kitchen environments and were asked to write about a time when they felt in control or out of control. Next, they were given cookies, crackers and carrots. Students in the “messy kitchen” who wrote about feeling out of control ate about twice as many cookies as the people in the in-control situation. The researchers found that a messy environment can actually make people more likely to eat unhealthy foods, but the person’s mindset (思维倾向) within that environment can either trigger or protect against overeating. In the messy kitchen, women who wrote about a time when they felt in control consumed fewer cookie calories than the women who wrote about being out of control. As the researchers pointed out, our mindset affects whether we will overeat unhealthy foods while in a messy kitchen. If we go into the kitchen with an “in-control” attitude, we might not eat as many cookies. But then again, why not try out cleaning up the kitchen and see what it does? Everything that feeds you doesn’t come on a plate such as your relationships, physical activity, and spirituality. Your home environment is also a big part of that nourishment (营养). So whether you tidy up your kitchen or your living room, paying attention to your living space (just like your diet!) can have a positive effect on health. 28．Why were the students asked to write if they were feeling in control or not? A．To make them stay long in the kitchen. B．To see the effect of the mindset on eating. C．To learn if they could choose the right amount of food to eat. D．To find out the relationship between the environment and mindsets. 29．What does the underlined word “trigger” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Break up. B．Hold back. C．Set off. D．Depend on. 30．What suggestion does the author give? A．Keeping your living space clean. B．Staying away from unhealthy food. C．Finding suitable ways to stay healthy. D．Protecting yourself against overeating. 31．The passage is probably taken from a(n) ______. A．news story B．research report C．government document D．advertisement D If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 32．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A．It’s how AI learned to work with people B．It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C．It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D．It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 33．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A．It relies on real-time interaction. B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C．It takes less time and has less danger. D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 34．What is AI expected to do in the future? A．To cook a complex meal on its own. B．To point out our weaknesses directly. C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D．To solve difficult problems for humans. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．AI learns cooperation by practicing. B．AI learns cooking from humans. C．AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time in front of a computer may cause eye tiredness. Though eye tiredness typically isn’t harmful, it can cause dry and watery eyes, headache and so on. Fortunately, it’s fairly easy to protect your eyes when you use a computer. Sit far enough away from the screen. 36 . To make sure your computer is positioned right, try the high-five test: if you can properly high-five your computer screen with a full arm extension, the distance is just right. 37 . If you’re using any books or papers while working, you can tire your eyes when you don’t position them properly. If they’re too low, your eyes will have to refocus every time you glance at them, leading to eye tiredness. Reference materials should be located above the keyboard and below the computer’s monitor. Blink (眨眼) often. We naturally blink about 20 times every minute, but when we focus on a screen, this figure can drop by as much as half. 38 . Since your eyes won’t blink as frequently as they naturally will, you’ll have to be aware of this and force yourself to blink. Adjust your screen brightness. Your screen should be adjusted depending on your environment. 39 . If the room is not bright, lower the settings. Take regular breaks. It is recommended that for every two hours of looking at the computer screen, you should take a 15-minute break. 40 . This is good advice to protect not only your eyes, but your health in general. A．Visit the eye doctor annually B．Place reference materials properly C．This means your eyes are at greater risk of drying out D．Surrounding lights can reflect off your screen and tire your eyes E．It is suitable to keep a distance of at least one arm from the screen F．During this time, you should blink, close your eyes, and allow them to rest G．If you’re working in a brightly lit room, you can increase the brightness setting 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。  One cold winter evening, my keys slipped from my pocket and disappeared into the snow. 41 , I found myself at a loss outside my apartment building. 42 set in as I realized I couldn’t get inside. The cold wind bit at my skin, and my mind went blank. Just as helplessness began to creep in, a stranger 43 me. He was wrapped in a heavy coat, his breath 44 in the cold air. “Need a hand?” he asked, noticing my anxiety. Without waiting for an answer, he knelt beside me and began searching the snow. Minutes passed, and just as I was about to give up, he let out a joyful laugh. “Got them!” he exclaimed, holding up my keys. 45 washed over me, and I expressed my gratitude to him. To my surprise, he smiled warmly and said, “Pay it 46 ,” before walking away. The next day, I was walking past a café, noticing an elderly woman 47 to open the door when a warm idea 48 me. I held the door open for her and offered a smile. She thanked me and I felt a strange sense of 49 . Later that week, I saw a young mother had trouble with groceries and a crying child. I 50 to her generously, and her grateful smile 51 the kindness I had received. That simple act of kindness from a stranger produced a series of 52 . As for me, it served as a 53 that even in moments of failing, a small gesture can 54 someone’s day. Kindness, as it turned out, was a ripple (涟漪) effect that could 55 endlessly. 41．A．Obviously B．Suddenly C．Consequently D．Eventually 42．A．Anger B．Panic C．Shock D．Shame 43．A．neared B．cornered C．located D．stopped 44．A．smelly B．slight C．fresh D．visible 45．A．Confusion B．Anxiety C．Relief D．Confidence 46．A．back B．off C．forward D．out 47．A．hesitating B．struggling C．volunteering D．managing 48．A．signaled B．seized C．crashed D．struck 49．A．community B．accomplishment C．belonging D．responsibility 50．A．reached out B．turned out C．let out D．came out 51．A．affected B．mirrored C．defended D．ensured 52．A．potentials B．opportunities C．rewards D．reactions 53．A．memory B．proof C．reminder D．warning 54．A．lengthen B．brighten C．weaken D．strengthen 55．A．occur B．remain C．spread D．vary 非选择题部分 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, there were more than 820 million short video users in China. Relaxing, emotional and fragmented (碎片化的) these videos’ contents perfectly match people’s 56 (need). With the application of new technologies, short video platforms (平台) are getting more and more popular, 57 (become) a shining spot of new Internet media. 58 (surprise), traditional Chinese operas are a major beneficiary of the growing short video industry and are even becoming popular among the young generation. Peking Opera won 59 (popular) on short video platforms thanks to 60 series of augmented reality (AR) effects. People love to film clips (片段) with a set of virtual facial makeup, headwear and costumes, which is base 61 traditional Peking Opera costumes. Statistics show that these effects were applied by more than 18 million people, most of 62 were young people. Pop music 63 (mix) with opera elements is also widely spread on short video platforms. In the first half of 2024, people who use the video-sharing app Douyin produced more than 65 million pieces of short videos about traditional culture, and these clips 64 (play) 16.4 billion times and received 4.4 billion likes. In a word, short video platforms are becoming an important way 65 (spread) Chinese culture. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，你校在4月17-18日成功举办了一年一度的校园艺体节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： (1) 活动目的； (2) 活动形式； (3) 活动意义。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为100词左右； (2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 词汇：校园艺体节：School Art and Sports Festival _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Admiring how effortlessly my friends pedaled (骑) through the streets on their bicycles, I really wanted to learn, yet fear held me back. The thought of balancing on two wheels filled me with a mix of excitement and worry. My friend Lily sensed my desire (渴望) and decided to teach me how to ride. On a sun-kissed afternoon, Lily arrived at my doorstep with a bike. “Today is the day, Sheila! You’re going to learn to ride,” she said with determination in her eyes. Nervous but excited, I decided to give it a go. Lily adjusted (调整) the seat, offering great encouragement as she guided me through the basics of balance and pedaling. Under Lily’s encouragement and patient guidance, I began my cycling journey. With Lily supporting my bike, I started to pedal very slowly. Although each wobble (摇晃) filled me with anxiety and self-doubt, Lily’s support and encouragement kept me moving forward. Everything seemed to be going well. “You’re doing great, Sheila! Keep pedaling and don’t be afraid! I’m right behind you,” Lily cheered, accompanying (陪伴) me every step of the way. I gradually found my balance and pedaled with more confidence. “Lily, I think I’ve learned how to ride a bike! This is cool!” I excitedly said. However, when Lily slowly let go of the bike, nervousness took hold of me. The realization that I was now responsible for my balance hit hard. At that moment I lost my balance and fell to the ground. The fall was not just physical but also a blow to my confidence. Doubts about my ability to master cycling began to cloud my mind. The pain of the fall made me unable to stop crying. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprised, I succeeded. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共12页） 试题 第4页（共12页） 试题 第1页（共12页） 试题 第2页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版2019） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the woman’s home. B．In an office. C．In a hospital. 2．What kind of job does the woman like? A．Preparing food. B．Taking orders. C．Clearing tables. 3． Why can’t the man return the shoes? A．He has worn them too long. B．He lost the receipt. C．The shoes are comfortable. 4． How often does Shelly eat out? A．Three times a week. B．Four times a week. C．Five times a week. 5． What did the woman do just after high school? A．She played in a band. B．She started a new company. C．She worked as a saleswoman. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．How is Joy going to spend most of the holiday? A．Staying at home. B．Visiting her friend. C．Traveling in Singapore. 7．What does the man think of his holiday plan? A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Tiring. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Why does Stephen recommend the Spring Festival? A．It is a hot topic. B．It represents our culture. C．It involves many subjects. 9．How does the woman feel after discussing with Stephen? A．Stressed. B．Excited. C．Worried. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the woman probably? A．A teacher. B．A tour guide. C．An artist. 11．What do we know about David? A．It has stood in the gallery for more than 100 years. B．It was placed outside before 1504. C．It was originally made in 1604. 12．Which body part of David is used to show his power? A．His hands. B．His legs. C．His arms. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why does the woman want to sell the stuff? A．To spare room for furniture. B．To turn them into cash. C．To clean up the house. 14．What does the woman say about Bob? A．He has a problem with the ad. B．He can make a quick sale. C．He is kind and helpful. 15．What is the man’s opinion about Newsday’s service? A．Excellent. B．Unfriendly. C．Expensive. 16．What are the speakers going to do next? A．Write an ad. B．Make a call. C．Go to a market. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Reporting an event. B．Hosting a program. C．Chairing a meeting. 18．Who was the winner of the competition last year? A．Ryan. B．Jamie. C．Kenneth. 19．When will the national competition be held? A．This June B．Next June. C．Next July 20．What will the surfers do on Bradley Beach tonight? A．Give a report B．Join in a game. C．Meet their fans. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） A STINSON BEACH CLEAN-UP PROJECT Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer! Warmer weather and handfuls of holidays bring more people out to the beach which sometimes means more garbage too; join us once per month to clear litter and maintain the beauty there. When: One Friday a month between May and September. 10: 00 am—1: 00 pm. Where: Stinson Beach parking lot. Supplies: We invite volunteers to bring their own reusable supplies! Limit waste by bringing your own bag or bucket and gloves if possible — but don’t worry if you don’t — we’ll have some supplies on site for you to use. Group entry: Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. Age, Skills, What to bring: Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear (雨具). Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements. 21．What is the aim of the project? A．To attract the tourists. B．To beautify the beach. C．To provide trip study. D．To conduct a research. 22．What is required for volunteers under 18? A．Fine weather. B．Rich experience. C．School uniform. D．Parent permission. 23．What does the project provide for volunteers? A．Training. B．Long pants. C．Rain gear. D．Water bottles. B Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever).   Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare.   One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next intergenerational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later.   I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals.   This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about intergenerational friendships.   My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures.   It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 24．What has the author learned from her relationship with Ruby? A．Older adults are lonely and in need of care. B．Nurses are more likely to develop friendships. C．Advanced healthcare can bridge generation gaps. D．Friendships serve as a source of learning across ages. 25．What is the main theme of the author’s book? A．The joy of intergenerational friendships. B．The benefits of friendships. C．The importance of providing healthcare. D．The creation of fun events. 26．How did the book impact on society? A．Schools promoted children’ s reading. B．Children started befriending the elderly. C．More authors wrote stories about elders. D．Service projects gained great popularity. 27．What is the significance of the book for the author? A．It provided her with financial stability. B．It helped her reconnect with old friends. C．It enabled her to contribute to others’ lives. D．It made her childhood dream come true. C Winter is over, so chances are you’re ready for some major spring cleaning or cleansing. Whether you plan to clean your bedroom or wipe the windows, don’t forget to tidy up the kitchen! According to a study, a messy cooking space can lead to overeating. As part of the study, 101 female students were put in standard kitchen and messy kitchen environments and were asked to write about a time when they felt in control or out of control. Next, they were given cookies, crackers and carrots. Students in the “messy kitchen” who wrote about feeling out of control ate about twice as many cookies as the people in the in-control situation. The researchers found that a messy environment can actually make people more likely to eat unhealthy foods, but the person’s mindset (思维倾向) within that environment can either trigger or protect against overeating. In the messy kitchen, women who wrote about a time when they felt in control consumed fewer cookie calories than the women who wrote about being out of control. As the researchers pointed out, our mindset affects whether we will overeat unhealthy foods while in a messy kitchen. If we go into the kitchen with an “in-control” attitude, we might not eat as many cookies. But then again, why not try out cleaning up the kitchen and see what it does? Everything that feeds you doesn’t come on a plate such as your relationships, physical activity, and spirituality. Your home environment is also a big part of that nourishment (营养). So whether you tidy up your kitchen or your living room, paying attention to your living space (just like your diet!) can have a positive effect on health. 28．Why were the students asked to write if they were feeling in control or not? A．To make them stay long in the kitchen. B．To see the effect of the mindset on eating. C．To learn if they could choose the right amount of food to eat. D．To find out the relationship between the environment and mindsets. 29．What does the underlined word “trigger” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Break up. B．Hold back. C．Set off. D．Depend on. 30．What suggestion does the author give? A．Keeping your living space clean. B．Staying away from unhealthy food. C．Finding suitable ways to stay healthy. D．Protecting yourself against overeating. 31．The passage is probably taken from a(n) ______. A．news story B．research report C．government document D．advertisement D If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 32．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A．It’s how AI learned to work with people B．It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C．It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D．It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 33．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A．It relies on real-time interaction. B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C．It takes less time and has less danger. D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 34．What is AI expected to do in the future? A．To cook a complex meal on its own. B．To point out our weaknesses directly. C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D．To solve difficult problems for humans. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．AI learns cooperation by practicing. B．AI learns cooking from humans. C．AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time in front of a computer may cause eye tiredness. Though eye tiredness typically isn’t harmful, it can cause dry and watery eyes, headache and so on. Fortunately, it’s fairly easy to protect your eyes when you use a computer. Sit far enough away from the screen. 36 . To make sure your computer is positioned right, try the high-five test: if you can properly high-five your computer screen with a full arm extension, the distance is just right. 37 . If you’re using any books or papers while working, you can tire your eyes when you don’t position them properly. If they’re too low, your eyes will have to refocus every time you glance at them, leading to eye tiredness. Reference materials should be located above the keyboard and below the computer’s monitor. Blink (眨眼) often. We naturally blink about 20 times every minute, but when we focus on a screen, this figure can drop by as much as half. 38 . Since your eyes won’t blink as frequently as they naturally will, you’ll have to be aware of this and force yourself to blink. Adjust your screen brightness. Your screen should be adjusted depending on your environment. 39 . If the room is not bright, lower the settings. Take regular breaks. It is recommended that for every two hours of looking at the computer screen, you should take a 15-minute break. 40 . This is good advice to protect not only your eyes, but your health in general. A．Visit the eye doctor annually B．Place reference materials properly C．This means your eyes are at greater risk of drying out D．Surrounding lights can reflect off your screen and tire your eyes E．It is suitable to keep a distance of at least one arm from the screen F．During this time, you should blink, close your eyes, and allow them to rest G．If you’re working in a brightly lit room, you can increase the brightness setting 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。  One cold winter evening, my keys slipped from my pocket and disappeared into the snow. 41 , I found myself at a loss outside my apartment building. 42 set in as I realized I couldn’t get inside. The cold wind bit at my skin, and my mind went blank. Just as helplessness began to creep in, a stranger 43 me. He was wrapped in a heavy coat, his breath 44 in the cold air. “Need a hand?” he asked, noticing my anxiety. Without waiting for an answer, he knelt beside me and began searching the snow. Minutes passed, and just as I was about to give up, he let out a joyful laugh. “Got them!” he exclaimed, holding up my keys. 45 washed over me, and I expressed my gratitude to him. To my surprise, he smiled warmly and said, “Pay it 46 ,” before walking away. The next day, I was walking past a café, noticing an elderly woman 47 to open the door when a warm idea 48 me. I held the door open for her and offered a smile. She thanked me and I felt a strange sense of 49 . Later that week, I saw a young mother had trouble with groceries and a crying child. I 50 to her generously, and her grateful smile 51 the kindness I had received. That simple act of kindness from a stranger produced a series of 52 . As for me, it served as a 53 that even in moments of failing, a small gesture can 54 someone’s day. Kindness, as it turned out, was a ripple (涟漪) effect that could 55 endlessly. 41．A．Obviously B．Suddenly C．Consequently D．Eventually 42．A．Anger B．Panic C．Shock D．Shame 43．A．neared B．cornered C．located D．stopped 44．A．smelly B．slight C．fresh D．visible 45．A．Confusion B．Anxiety C．Relief D．Confidence 46．A．back B．off C．forward D．out 47．A．hesitating B．struggling C．volunteering D．managing 48．A．signaled B．seized C．crashed D．struck 49．A．community B．accomplishment C．belonging D．responsibility 50．A．reached out B．turned out C．let out D．came out 51．A．affected B．mirrored C．defended D．ensured 52．A．potentials B．opportunities C．rewards D．reactions 53．A．memory B．proof C．reminder D．warning 54．A．lengthen B．brighten C．weaken D．strengthen 55．A．occur B．remain C．spread D．vary 非选择题部分 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, there were more than 820 million short video users in China. Relaxing, emotional and fragmented (碎片化的) these videos’ contents perfectly match people’s 56 (need). With the application of new technologies, short video platforms (平台) are getting more and more popular, 57 (become) a shining spot of new Internet media. 58 (surprise), traditional Chinese operas are a major beneficiary of the growing short video industry and are even becoming popular among the young generation. Peking Opera won 59 (popular) on short video platforms thanks to 60 series of augmented reality (AR) effects. People love to film clips (片段) with a set of virtual facial makeup, headwear and costumes, which is base 61 traditional Peking Opera costumes. Statistics show that these effects were applied by more than 18 million people, most of 62 were young people. Pop music 63 (mix) with opera elements is also widely spread on short video platforms. In the first half of 2024, people who use the video-sharing app Douyin produced more than 65 million pieces of short videos about traditional culture, and these clips 64 (play) 16.4 billion times and received 4.4 billion likes. In a word, short video platforms are becoming an important way 65 (spread) Chinese culture. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，你校在4月17-18日成功举办了一年一度的校园艺体节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： (1) 活动目的； (2) 活动形式； (3) 活动意义。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为100词左右； (2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 词汇：校园艺体节：School Art and Sports Festival _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Admiring how effortlessly my friends pedaled (骑) through the streets on their bicycles, I really wanted to learn, yet fear held me back. The thought of balancing on two wheels filled me with a mix of excitement and worry. My friend Lily sensed my desire (渴望) and decided to teach me how to ride. On a sun-kissed afternoon, Lily arrived at my doorstep with a bike. “Today is the day, Sheila! You’re going to learn to ride,” she said with determination in her eyes. Nervous but excited, I decided to give it a go. Lily adjusted (调整) the seat, offering great encouragement as she guided me through the basics of balance and pedaling. Under Lily’s encouragement and patient guidance, I began my cycling journey. With Lily supporting my bike, I started to pedal very slowly. Although each wobble (摇晃) filled me with anxiety and self-doubt, Lily’s support and encouragement kept me moving forward. Everything seemed to be going well. “You’re doing great, Sheila! Keep pedaling and don’t be afraid! I’m right behind you,” Lily cheered, accompanying (陪伴) me every step of the way. I gradually found my balance and pedaled with more confidence. “Lily, I think I’ve learned how to ride a bike! This is cool!” I excitedly said. However, when Lily slowly let go of the bike, nervousness took hold of me. The realization that I was now responsible for my balance hit hard. At that moment I lost my balance and fell to the ground. The fall was not just physical but also a blow to my confidence. Doubts about my ability to master cycling began to cloud my mind. The pain of the fall made me unable to stop crying. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprised, I succeeded. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版2019） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the woman’s home. B．In an office. C．In a hospital. 【答案】B 【原文】M: OK, I have finally finished my work. Before we leave, I want to know whether you’ll be working at the office or from home next week. W: Well, I prefer working from home. My husband is in hospital, so I need to take care of my kids. 2．What kind of job does the woman like? A．Preparing food. B．Taking orders. C．Clearing tables. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I’d like to offer you a job working in our café. You’ll be mainly taking orders and clearing tables. W: May I work in the kitchen? I prefer doing food preparation. M: Sure, then see you tomorrow. 3． Why can’t the man return the shoes? A．He has worn them too long. B．He lost the receipt. C．The shoes are comfortable. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I need to return these shoes. They’re very uncomfortable. Here is the receipt. W: I’m sorry, but I cannot do that. You’ve worn them for two weeks. 4． How often does Shelly eat out? A．Three times a week. B．Four times a week. C．Five times a week. 【答案】C 【原文】M: How often do you eat out, Shelly? W: Well, quite often. I eat out five times a week. 5． What did the woman do just after high school? A．She played in a band. B．She started a new company. C．She worked as a saleswoman. 【答案】A 【原文】M: What did you do after high school? W: I played in a band for a while. We played for dances around the country. M: Then what did you do? W: I start a recording company. Now I make music and money. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．How is Joy going to spend most of the holiday? A．Staying at home. B．Visiting her friend. C．Traveling in Singapore. 7．What does the man think of his holiday plan? A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Tiring. 【答案】6．C 7．A 【原文】M: Joy, the three-month summer holiday is coming soon. Do you have any plans for it? W: Yes. I’m going to visit my friend in Canada first and stay there for a month. My uncle lives in Singapore. And I’ll go there and spend the rest of the time traveling. M: You must be excited about this vacation. W: Yes. I’ve expected it for a long time. M: Compared with yours, my plan sounds a bit boring. I will stay at home and meet my old classmates. W: That’s not bad. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Why does Stephen recommend the Spring Festival? A．It is a hot topic. B．It represents our culture. C．It involves many subjects. 9．How does the woman feel after discussing with Stephen? A．Stressed. B．Excited. C．Worried. 【答案】8．A 9．B 【原文】W: Stephen, I’m struggling to find a topic for our presentation on Chinese traditional culture. There are so many great options. M: I see. What about the Spring Festival? It was just added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List. It’s been making headlines recently. W: Oh, that’s a fantastic idea! We can cover its history, customs, and modern celebrations. It’s such a big part of our culture, just like a gold mine of information. M: Sounds good. We can also include some personal stories and photos to make it more engaging. It’ll be fun to work on it. W: Perfect! This will definitely make our presentation stand out! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the woman probably? A．A teacher. B．A tour guide. C．An artist. 11．What do we know about David? A．It has stood in the gallery for more than 100 years. B．It was placed outside before 1504. C．It was originally made in 1604. 12．Which body part of David is used to show his power? A．His hands. B．His legs. C．His arms. 【答案】10．B 11．A 12．A 【原文】W: And here, ladies and gentlemen, we have the famous artwork — David, by Michelangelo. When it was originally made in 1504, it stood outside. But over a century ago, it was brought here inside the Galleria dell’Accademia. M: Oh wow. I’ve seen pictures of it, but I didn’t realize it was this big. It’s huge. W: Yes, a lot of visitors say that when I show it to them. M: Look at all the details, his arms, his legs… They are amazing. W: Yes, but also look at the hands — especially the right hand. (Do you notice anything? M: They are big. W: Yes, well done. They are actually bigger than they should be because the artist wanted to show David’s power through it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why does the woman want to sell the stuff? A．To spare room for furniture. B．To turn them into cash. C．To clean up the house. 14．What does the woman say about Bob? A．He has a problem with the ad. B．He can make a quick sale. C．He is kind and helpful. 15．What is the man’s opinion about Newsday’s service? A．Excellent. B．Unfriendly. C．Expensive. 16．What are the speakers going to do next? A．Write an ad. B．Make a call. C．Go to a market. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．A 16．A 【原文】M: Honey, what’s all our stuff doing in the yard? W: It’s a clean-up sale. For only $19.95, we can put a two-line ad in Newsday for seven days. And with over two million readers, we’ll get results fast. M: But if Newsday is having a clean-up sale, why does our yard look like a market? W: Because there’s never been a better time for us to turn the things we don’t use into cash we can use. M: You mean the jewelry, furniture and exercise equipment? W: Even your old guitar. M: Two lines, seven days, for only $19.95. Are you sure? W: Of course I’m sure. I called Bob. M: Who’s Bob? W: He’s a sales consultant there. He was really nice and helpful. He told me to call him whenever I had a problem with the ad. M: More than 50% off, and friendly service. Newsday does have all we need. W: Yeah. So could you help me with the ad if you’re free? M: OK. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Reporting an event. B．Hosting a program. C．Chairing a meeting. 18．Who was the winner of the competition last year? A．Ryan. B．Jamie. C．Kenneth. 19．When will the national competition be held? A．This June B．Next June. C．Next July 20．What will the surfers do on Bradley Beach tonight? A．Give a report B．Join in a game. C．Meet their fans. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 【原文】 M: Hello, everyone.I’m reporting live from Bradley Beach. The surfing competition this July has just come to an end. The competition went well, both because of the weather and the support of the community. I was able to interview a few of the surfers about the competition and they were happy to talk to me. Kenneth, who was the winner of last year’s competition, said that he was proud of his work this year even though he only got third place. The competition's winner, Ryan, came all the way from America to compete. Ryan only spoke about how close the competition was. He thanked his friend and the second place winner, Jamie, for giving him a good challenge. All three surfers will return to compete for the national competition in June next year, and then again in December.If anyone is still interested in meeting these talented people, you should hurry down to Bradley Beach where they’ll be meeting fans this evening. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） A   STINSON BEACH CLEAN-UP PROJECT Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer! Warmer weather and handfuls of holidays bring more people out to the beach which sometimes means more garbage too; join us once per month to clear litter and maintain the beauty there. When: One Friday a month between May and September. 10: 00 am—1: 00 pm. Where: Stinson Beach parking lot. Supplies: We invite volunteers to bring their own reusable supplies! Limit waste by bringing your own bag or bucket and gloves if possible — but don’t worry if you don’t — we’ll have some supplies on site for you to use. Group entry: Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. Age, Skills, What to bring: Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear (雨具). Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements. 21．What is the aim of the project? A．To attract the tourists. B．To beautify the beach. C．To provide trip study. D．To conduct a research. 22．What is required for volunteers under 18? A．Fine weather. B．Rich experience. C．School uniform. D．Parent permission. 23．What does the project provide for volunteers? A．Training. B．Long pants. C．Rain gear. D．Water bottles. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一则志愿者招募广告，招募志愿者清理丁森海滩，具体介绍了清理工作的时间、地点以及对志愿者的要求等。 21．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer!(今年夏天，请帮助我们保持Stinson海滩的清洁！)”可知，项目的目标是美化海滩。故选B。 22．细节理解题。文章倒数第四段讲到“Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed. (18岁以下的志愿者必须在家长批准部分签字)”可知，18岁以下的志愿者需要家长许可。故选D。 23．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Training and tools will be provided. (将提供培训和工具)”可知，该项目为志愿者提供培训。故选A。 B Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever).   Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare.   One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next intergenerational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later.   I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals.   This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about intergenerational friendships.   My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures.   It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 24．What has the author learned from her relationship with Ruby? A．Older adults are lonely and in need of care. B．Nurses are more likely to develop friendships. C．Advanced healthcare can bridge generation gaps. D．Friendships serve as a source of learning across ages. 25．What is the main theme of the author’s book? A．The joy of intergenerational friendships. B．The benefits of friendships. C．The importance of providing healthcare. D．The creation of fun events. 26．How did the book impact on society? A．Schools promoted children’ s reading. B．Children started befriending the elderly. C．More authors wrote stories about elders. D．Service projects gained great popularity. 27．What is the significance of the book for the author? A．It provided her with financial stability. B．It helped her reconnect with old friends. C．It enabled her to contribute to others’ lives. D．It made her childhood dream come true. 【答案】24．D 25．A 26．B 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与89岁的Ruby建立跨代友谊的经历，以及由此创作书籍并推动社会关注老年人与儿童互动的故事。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare. (多年来，我意识到，在像我们这样的代际友谊中，每一代人都有很多东西可以相互学习和传授。鲁比也是一名护士。我喜欢听她讲她的护理实践，而她总是渴望听到当今医疗保健方面的进展。)”可知，从用Ruby的跨代友谊中，作者学到跨代友谊是互相学习的源泉。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. ( 接下来的8个月里，我创作了《鲁比小姐和吉吉小队：友谊不分年龄》。这本书记录了孩子们多年来为Ruby创造的许多有趣的事件。)”可知，书籍的主题是跨代友谊的快乐。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures. (我在书中加入了一个名为“阳光包计划”的活动，这个活动很受欢迎，孩子们开始给老人这些特殊的袋子，里面装着信件、卡片和小宝贝。)”可知，书籍促使儿童主动与老年人建立友谊。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. (当我知道在人生的下一个篇章中，我可以继续为他人带来改变时，我也感到很高兴——这一切都是因为我有勇气走出自己的舒适区，朝着作者的方向迈出了美妙的一步。)”可知，书籍让作者得以持续为他人带来改变，这使她能够为他人的生活做出贡献。故选C。 C Winter is over, so chances are you’re ready for some major spring cleaning or cleansing. Whether you plan to clean your bedroom or wipe the windows, don’t forget to tidy up the kitchen! According to a study, a messy cooking space can lead to overeating. As part of the study, 101 female students were put in standard kitchen and messy kitchen environments and were asked to write about a time when they felt in control or out of control. Next, they were given cookies, crackers and carrots. Students in the “messy kitchen” who wrote about feeling out of control ate about twice as many cookies as the people in the in-control situation. The researchers found that a messy environment can actually make people more likely to eat unhealthy foods, but the person’s mindset (思维倾向) within that environment can either trigger or protect against overeating. In the messy kitchen, women who wrote about a time when they felt in control consumed fewer cookie calories than the women who wrote about being out of control. As the researchers pointed out, our mindset affects whether we will overeat unhealthy foods while in a messy kitchen. If we go into the kitchen with an “in-control” attitude, we might not eat as many cookies. But then again, why not try out cleaning up the kitchen and see what it does? Everything that feeds you doesn’t come on a plate such as your relationships, physical activity, and spirituality. Your home environment is also a big part of that nourishment (营养). So whether you tidy up your kitchen or your living room, paying attention to your living space (just like your diet!) can have a positive effect on health. 28．Why were the students asked to write if they were feeling in control or not? A．To make them stay long in the kitchen. B．To see the effect of the mindset on eating. C．To learn if they could choose the right amount of food to eat. D．To find out the relationship between the environment and mindsets. 29．What does the underlined word “trigger” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Break up. B．Hold back. C．Set off. D．Depend on. 30．What suggestion does the author give? A．Keeping your living space clean. B．Staying away from unhealthy food. C．Finding suitable ways to stay healthy. D．Protecting yourself against overeating. 31．The passage is probably taken from a(n) ______. A．news story B．research report C．government document D．advertisement 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．A 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明，杂乱的厨房环境可能引发暴食，但保持“控制感”心态可减少不健康进食，并建议通过整理生活环境来促进健康。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As part of the study, 101 female students were put in standard kitchen and messy kitchen environments and were asked to write about a time when they felt in control or out of control. (作为研究的一部分，101名女学生被安排在标准的厨房和凌乱的厨房环境中，并被要求写下她们在控制或失去控制时的感受)”和“Students in the “messy kitchen” who wrote about feeling out of control ate about twice as many cookies as the people in the in-control situation. (在“凌乱的厨房”中，那些写下感觉失控的学生吃的饼干大约是处于控制状态的学生的两倍)”可知，实验通过让学生记录“控制感”或“失控感”来观察心态对进食行为的影响。故选B项。 29．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“In the messy kitchen, women who wrote about a time when they felt in control consumed fewer cookie calories than the women who wrote about being out of control. (在凌乱的厨房里，那些描述自己处于控制状态的女性比那些描述自己处于失控状态的女性摄入的饼干卡路里要少)”可知，“控制感”或“失控感”两种不同的心态对应不同的进食行为，因此人的心态是既可以触发暴饮暴食，也可以防止暴饮暴食，画线词意思应该是“触发”，与Set off“引发”意思一致。故选C项。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Your home environment is also a big part of that nourishment (营养). So whether you tidy up your kitchen or your living room, paying attention to your living space (just like your diet!) can have a positive effect on health. (你的居家环境同样是这种营养的重要组成部分。因此，无论是整理厨房还是打扫客厅，关注你的生活空间（就像关注你的饮食一样！）都能对健康产生积极影响)”可推知，作者的建议是保持生活空间整洁。故选A项。 31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“According to a study, a messy cooking space can lead to overeating. (根据一项研究显示，杂乱的厨房环境可能会导致暴饮暴食)”可知，文章围绕一项科学研究展开，描述了实验过程，引用了研究数据，并给出结论分析，建议读者整理生活环境来促进健康。因此，文章应该出自研究报告。故选B项。 D If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 32．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A．It’s how AI learned to work with people B．It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C．It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D．It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 33．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A．It relies on real-time interaction. B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C．It takes less time and has less danger. D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 34．What is AI expected to do in the future? A．To cook a complex meal on its own. B．To point out our weaknesses directly. C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D．To solve difficult problems for humans. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．AI learns cooperation by practicing. B．AI learns cooking from humans. C．AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans. 【答案】32．A 33．C 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能通过观察人类合作学会与人类团队合作。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. (研究人员已经通过一些方法训练AI与人类共同工作。许多方法都涉及强化学习，即AI在一个在线环境中与其他AI或人类进行交互，并因做出导致期望结果的决策而获得奖励。)”可知，强化学习的作用是AI学会能如何与人的合作。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. (但是，从零开始训练一个人工智能，通过完全的试错来与人互动，可能会浪费大量时间，而且具有风险。)”以及第四段中“Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. (因此，在这项研究中，研究人员使用了离线强化学习——一种通过分析记录的行为而不是通过实时互动来制定策略的方法。)”可知，离线强化学习的优势是节省时间且危险性小。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. (有时我们希望人工智能能默默地指导我们的选择和策略，就像一个了解我们弱点的优秀队友。)”可知，未来人工智能有望在某些时候提供无声的指导。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. (美国研究人员最近发现，在一个虚拟厨房中，人工智能（AI）仅通过观察人类合作的过程，就学会了如何与人类协作。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是人工智能通过观察人类学会团队合作。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time in front of a computer may cause eye tiredness. Though eye tiredness typically isn’t harmful, it can cause dry and watery eyes, headache and so on. Fortunately, it’s fairly easy to protect your eyes when you use a computer. Sit far enough away from the screen. 36 . To make sure your computer is positioned right, try the high-five test: if you can properly high-five your computer screen with a full arm extension, the distance is just right. 37 . If you’re using any books or papers while working, you can tire your eyes when you don’t position them properly. If they’re too low, your eyes will have to refocus every time you glance at them, leading to eye tiredness. Reference materials should be located above the keyboard and below the computer’s monitor. Blink (眨眼) often. We naturally blink about 20 times every minute, but when we focus on a screen, this figure can drop by as much as half. 38 . Since your eyes won’t blink as frequently as they naturally will, you’ll have to be aware of this and force yourself to blink. Adjust your screen brightness. Your screen should be adjusted depending on your environment. 39 . If the room is not bright, lower the settings. Take regular breaks. It is recommended that for every two hours of looking at the computer screen, you should take a 15-minute break. 40 . This is good advice to protect not only your eyes, but your health in general. A．Visit the eye doctor annually B．Place reference materials properly C．This means your eyes are at greater risk of drying out D．Surrounding lights can reflect off your screen and tire your eyes E．It is suitable to keep a distance of at least one arm from the screen F．During this time, you should blink, close your eyes, and allow them to rest G．If you’re working in a brightly lit room, you can increase the brightness setting 【答案】36．E 37．B 38．C 39．G 40．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了几种减缓眼疲劳的方法。 36．根据上文“Sit far enough away from the screen.(坐得离屏幕足够远)”可知，本段主题是保持与屏幕的适当距离，下文“To make sure your computer is positioned right, try the high-five test: if you can properly high-five your computer screen with a full arm extension, the distance is just right.(为了确保你的电脑位置正确，试着击掌测试：如果你能适当地与电脑屏幕击掌并伸直手臂，距离就刚刚好)”提到确认距离是否合适，E项“与屏幕保持至少一只手臂的距离是合适的”与上下文完全契合，既解释了“足够远”的具体距离，又与“”手臂完全伸展”的逻辑一致，故选E。 37．下文“If you’re using any books or papers while working, you can tire your eyes when you don’t position them properly. If they’re too low, your eyes will have to refocus every time you glance at them, leading to eye tiredness. Reference materials should be located above the keyboard and below the computer’s monitor.(如果你在工作时使用任何书籍或文件，当你没有正确地放置它们时，你会疲劳你的眼睛。如果它们太低，你的眼睛在每次看它们的时候都必须重新聚焦，导致眼睛疲劳。参考资料应放在键盘上方和电脑显示器下方)”详细说明材料位置不当的后果，并建议将材料放在键盘上方和显示器下方，B项“正确摆放参考材料”是段落主旨的概括，与下文内容直接对应，故选B。 38．上文“We naturally blink about 20 times every minute, but when we focus on a screen, this figure can drop by as much as half.(我们每分钟自然眨眼约20次，但当我们专注于屏幕时，这个数字可能会下降一半)”提到盯着屏幕时眨眼次数减少，下文“Since your eyes won’t blink as frequently as they naturally will, you’ll have to be aware of this and force yourself to blink.(因为你的眼睛不会像自然眨得那么频繁，你必须意识到这一点，强迫自己眨眼)”强调需要主动眨眼，C项“这意味着眼睛更容易干涩”是眨眼减少的直接后果，填后形成“原因（眨眼少）——结果（干涩）——解决方案（主动眨眼）”的完整逻辑链，故选C。 39．上文“Your screen should be adjusted depending on your environment.(您的屏幕应该根据您的环境进行调整)”提到亮度需随环境调整，下文“If the room is not bright, lower the settings.(如果房间不明亮，调低设置)”提到如果房间不亮就调低设置，G项“在光线明亮的房间可以调高亮度”与后文形成对比（明亮调高vs昏暗调低），是合理的并列关系，故选G。 40．上文“It is recommended that for every two hours of looking at the computer screen, you should take a 15-minute break.(建议每盯着电脑屏幕看两个小时，就休息15分钟)”建议每两小时休息15分钟，下文“This is good advice to protect not only your eyes, but your health in general.(这是一个很好的建议，不仅可以保护你的眼睛，还可以保护你的健康)”总结这种休息对健康的好处，F项“在此期间应眨眼、闭眼让眼睛休息”具体说明如何利用休息时间保护眼睛，与后文的“保护眼睛和健康”形成递进关系，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。  One cold winter evening, my keys slipped from my pocket and disappeared into the snow. 41 , I found myself at a loss outside my apartment building. 42 set in as I realized I couldn’t get inside. The cold wind bit at my skin, and my mind went blank. Just as helplessness began to creep in, a stranger 43 me. He was wrapped in a heavy coat, his breath 44 in the cold air. “Need a hand?” he asked, noticing my anxiety. Without waiting for an answer, he knelt beside me and began searching the snow. Minutes passed, and just as I was about to give up, he let out a joyful laugh. “Got them!” he exclaimed, holding up my keys. 45 washed over me, and I expressed my gratitude to him. To my surprise, he smiled warmly and said, “Pay it 46 ,” before walking away. The next day, I was walking past a café, noticing an elderly woman 47 to open the door when a warm idea 48 me. I held the door open for her and offered a smile. She thanked me and I felt a strange sense of 49 . Later that week, I saw a young mother had trouble with groceries and a crying child. I 50 to her generously, and her grateful smile 51 the kindness I had received. That simple act of kindness from a stranger produced a series of 52 . As for me, it served as a 53 that even in moments of failing, a small gesture can 54 someone’s day. Kindness, as it turned out, was a ripple (涟漪) effect that could 55 endlessly. 41．A．Obviously B．Suddenly C．Consequently D．Eventually 42．A．Anger B．Panic C．Shock D．Shame 43．A．neared B．cornered C．located D．stopped 44．A．smelly B．slight C．fresh D．visible 45．A．Confusion B．Anxiety C．Relief D．Confidence 46．A．back B．off C．forward D．out 47．A．hesitating B．struggling C．volunteering D．managing 48．A．signaled B．seized C．crashed D．struck 49．A．community B．accomplishment C．belonging D．responsibility 50．A．reached out B．turned out C．let out D．came out 51．A．affected B．mirrored C．defended D．ensured 52．A．potentials B．opportunities C．rewards D．reactions 53．A．memory B．proof C．reminder D．warning 54．A．lengthen B．brighten C．weaken D．strengthen 55．A．occur B．remain C．spread D．vary 【答案】 41．C 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．C 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者丢失钥匙后得到陌生人帮助，并将这份善意传递下去的故事，强调了善举的连锁反应。 41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，我发现自己站在公寓楼外不知所措。A. Obviously显然地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Consequently结果；D. Eventually最终。根据前文“One cold winter evening, my keys slipped from my pocket and disappeared into the snow.”可知，钥匙滑落导致作者不知所措，前后是因果关系，所以用Consequently。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到自己进不去时，恐慌袭来。A. Anger愤怒；B. Panic恐慌；C. Shock震惊；D. Shame羞愧。根据空后“as I realized I couldn’t get inside”可知，进不去家门，所以作者感到恐慌。故选B。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在无助感开始袭来的时候，一个陌生人向我走来。A. neared靠近；B. cornered使陷入困境；C. located定位；D. stopped阻止。根据后文“He was wrapped in a heavy coat”可知，陌生人走向作者，即靠近作者。故选A。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他裹着一件厚外套，呼出的气在寒冷的空气中清晰可见。A. smelly有臭味的；B. slight轻微的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. visible可见的。根据空后“in the cold air”可知，在寒冷的空气中，呼出的气是清晰可见的。故选D。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我松了一口气，向他表示感谢。A. Confusion困惑；B. Anxiety焦虑；C. Relief宽慰，轻松；D. Confidence信心。根据前文“Minutes passed, and just as I was about to give up, he let out a joyful laugh. “Got them!” he exclaimed, holding up my keys.”可知，陌生人找到了作者的钥匙，所以他松了一口气。故选C。 46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他温暖地笑了笑，说：“传递下去。”然后走开了。A. pay back偿还；B. pay off还清；C. pay forward传递善意；D. pay out支出。根据后文“The next day, I was walking past a café, noticing an elderly woman  ___7___ to open the door when a warm idea  ___8___ me.”可知，作者也去帮助了别人，所以陌生人是让他把这份善意传递下去，pay it forward表示“把善意传递下去”。故选C。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我路过一家咖啡馆，注意到一位老妇人正费力地想打开门，这时一个温暖的想法涌上心头。A. hesitating犹豫；B. struggling挣扎；C. volunteering自愿；D. managing设法做到。根据空后“to open the door”以及“I held the door open for her and offered a smile.”可知，她开门很困难，所以作者决定帮助她，struggle to do sth.表示“费力做某事”。故选B。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. signaled示意；B. seized抓住；C. crashed碰撞；D. struck突然想到。根据空前“a warm idea”以及后文“I held the door open for her and offered a smile.”可知，此处指作者 突然想到要帮助老妇人。故选D。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她感谢了我，我感到一种奇怪的成就感。A. community社区；B. accomplishment成就；C. belonging归属感；D. responsibility责任。根据前文“I held the door open for her and offered a smile.”可知，作者帮助了老妇人，所以感到一种成就感。故选B。 50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我慷慨地向她伸出了援手，她感激的微笑反映了我所受到的善意。A. reached out伸出援手；B. turned out结果是；C. let out发出；D. came out出版。根据前文“I saw a young mother had trouble with groceries and a crying child.”可知，作者看到年轻的母亲有困难，所以向她伸出了援手，reach out to sb.表示“向某人伸出援手”。故选A。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. affected影响；B. mirrored反映，映照；C. defended保卫；D. ensured确保。根据“her grateful smile”可知，她的微笑与作者之前得到的善意相似，仿佛是善意的映照。故选B。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：陌生人的善举引发了一系列连锁反应。A. potentials潜力；B. opportunities机会；C. rewards回报；D. reactions反应。根据前文“I held the door open for her and offered a smile.”和“her grateful smile”可知，作者帮助了别人，别人也感激作者，所以这是善举引起的连锁反应。故选D。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一个提醒，即使在失败的时刻，一个小小的举动也能照亮别人的一天。A. memory记忆；B. proof证据；C. reminder提醒；D. warning警告。根据空后“even in moments of failing, a small gesture can brighten someone’s day.”可知，这是善举对作者的提醒。故选C。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lengthen延长；B. brighten照亮；C. weaken减弱；D. strengthen加强。根据空前“a small gesture”及空后“someone’s day”可知，善意能让他人的生活变得愉快，brighten one’s day表示“照亮某人的一天”。故选B。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，善良是一种涟漪效应，可以无限地传播下去。A. occur发生；B. remain保持；C. spread传播；D. vary变化。根据前文“he smiled warmly and said, “Pay it 6 ,””及空前“Kindness, as it turned out, was a ripple (涟漪) effect”可知，涟漪效应指善意像水波一样不断扩散传播。故选C。 非选择题部分 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, there were more than 820 million short video users in China. Relaxing, emotional and fragmented (碎片化的) these videos’ contents perfectly match people’s 56 (need). With the application of new technologies, short video platforms (平台) are getting more and more popular, 57 (become) a shining spot of new Internet media. 58 (surprise), traditional Chinese operas are a major beneficiary of the growing short video industry and are even becoming popular among the young generation. Peking Opera won 59 (popular) on short video platforms thanks to 60 series of augmented reality (AR) effects. People love to film clips (片段) with a set of virtual facial makeup, headwear and costumes, which is base 61 traditional Peking Opera costumes. Statistics show that these effects were applied by more than 18 million people, most of 62 were young people. Pop music 63 (mix) with opera elements is also widely spread on short video platforms. In the first half of 2024, people who use the video-sharing app Douyin produced more than 65 million pieces of short videos about traditional culture, and these clips 64 (play) 16.4 billion times and received 4.4 billion likes. In a word, short video platforms are becoming an important way 65 (spread) Chinese culture. 【答案】 56．needs 57．becoming 58．Surprisingly 59．popularity 60．a 61．on 62．whom 63．mixed 64．were played 65．to spread 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国短视频平台的用户规模、受欢迎的原因，以及其在传播中国传统文化（如京剧、融合戏曲元素的流行音乐）方面的作用。 56．考查名词复数。句意：这些视频的内容轻松、富有情感且碎片化，完美匹配人们的需求。need表示“需求”时为可数名词，结合句意，人们的需求不止一种，所以此处用复数形式needs。故填needs。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着新技术的应用，短视频平台越来越受欢迎，成为新网络媒体的一个亮点。此处为非谓语动词作状语，platforms与become为主动关系，用现在分词becoming。故填becoming。 58．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，中国传统戏曲是短视频行业增长的主要受益者，甚至在年轻一代中变得流行。此处修饰整个句子，用surprise对应的副词surprisingly，意为“令人惊讶地”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。 59．考查名词。句意：由于一系列增强现实（AR）效果，京剧在短视频平台上赢得了人气。此处作won的宾语，用popular的名词popularity，意为“人气”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 60．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处为固定搭配a series of，意为“一系列”，用不定冠词a。故填a。 61．考查介词。句意：人们喜欢用一套基于传统京剧服饰的虚拟面部妆容、头饰和服装拍摄片段。此处为固定搭配be based on，意为“基于”，用介词on。故填on。 62．考查定语从句。句意：统计数据显示，这些效果被超过1800万人应用，其中大多数是年轻人。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为18 million people，指人，关系词在从句中作of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：融合了戏曲元素的流行音乐也在短视频平台上广泛传播。此处为非谓语动词作定语，pop music与mix为被动关系，用过去分词mixed。故填mixed。 64．考查动词时态语态。句意：2024年上半年，使用视频分享应用抖音的用户制作了超过6500万条关于传统文化的短视频，这些片段被播放了164亿次，并获得了44亿次点赞。此处为谓语动词，clips与play为被动关系，根据时间状语“In the first half of 2024”可知用一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语clips是复数，所以谓语动词为were played。故填were played。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：总之，短视频平台正在成为传播中国文化的重要方式。此处作后置定语修饰way，名词way表示“方式，方法”，其后常跟不定式作后置定语，所以此处用动词不定式to spread。故填to spread。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，你校在4月17-18日成功举办了一年一度的校园艺体节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： (1) 活动目的； (2) 活动形式； (3) 活动意义。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为100词左右； (2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 词汇：校园艺体节：School Art and Sports Festival _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Aiming to promote students’ physical and mental well-being and boost our creativity, our school’s annual School Art and Sports Festival was successfully held on April 17th and 18th, which attracted widespread attention.​ The festival featured various activities. The sports events, including running races and basketball games, witnessed intense competitions. Meanwhile, the art exhibitions displayed students’ wonderful paintings and handicrafts, and the talent shows were filled with amazing singing and dancing performances.​ This festival not only offered students a chance to showcase their skills but also strengthened their teamwork and friendship. It truly brought a lively and colorful atmosphere to our campus, leaving unforgettable memories for everyone. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇关于学校成功举办一年一度校园艺体节活动的报道。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 各种各样的：various→diverse 同时：meanwhile→at the same time 极好的：wonderful→fantastic 机会：chance→opportunity 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The sports events, including running races and basketball games, witnessed intense competitions. 拓展句：The sports events, which include running races and basketball games, witnessed intense competitions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Aiming to promote students’ physical and mental well-being and boost our creativity, our school’s annual School Art and Sports Festival was successfully held on April 17th and 18th, which attracted widespread attention. (运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】It truly brought a lively and colorful atmosphere to our campus, leaving unforgettable memories for everyone. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Admiring how effortlessly my friends pedaled (骑) through the streets on their bicycles, I really wanted to learn, yet fear held me back. The thought of balancing on two wheels filled me with a mix of excitement and worry. My friend Lily sensed my desire (渴望) and decided to teach me how to ride. On a sun-kissed afternoon, Lily arrived at my doorstep with a bike. “Today is the day, Sheila! You’re going to learn to ride,” she said with determination in her eyes. Nervous but excited, I decided to give it a go. Lily adjusted (调整) the seat, offering great encouragement as she guided me through the basics of balance and pedaling. Under Lily’s encouragement and patient guidance, I began my cycling journey. With Lily supporting my bike, I started to pedal very slowly. Although each wobble (摇晃) filled me with anxiety and self-doubt, Lily’s support and encouragement kept me moving forward. Everything seemed to be going well. “You’re doing great, Sheila! Keep pedaling and don’t be afraid! I’m right behind you,” Lily cheered, accompanying (陪伴) me every step of the way. I gradually found my balance and pedaled with more confidence. “Lily, I think I’ve learned how to ride a bike! This is cool!” I excitedly said. However, when Lily slowly let go of the bike, nervousness took hold of me. The realization that I was now responsible for my balance hit hard. At that moment I lost my balance and fell to the ground. The fall was not just physical but also a blow to my confidence. Doubts about my ability to master cycling began to cloud my mind. The pain of the fall made me unable to stop crying. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprised, I succeeded. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. Lily rushed to my side with a look of concern on her face. She helped me up and brushed off the dirt. “It’s okay, Sheila. Everyone falls when they’re learning to ride. It’s all part of the process,” Lily said with a soft but encouraging voice. Her words offered me a sense of comfort and I decided to challenge myself once more. I got back on the bike, ready to try again. To my surprise, I succeeded. I focused on maintaining my balance and staying calm. With each passing moment, my confidence grew. I rode down the street with Lily by my side, and a sense of achievement washed over me. Lily’s face lit up with pride and joy as she saw me master the bicycle. I never thought that one day I would learn how to ride a bike and this journey not only equipped me with a new skill but also taught me the importance of never giving up and the invaluable support of a friend. 【导语】本文以“骑自行车”为线索展开，主要讲述了作者想学骑自行车但害怕摔倒，朋友莉莉主动教作者骑自行车，在莉莉的鼓励和指导下，作者逐渐找到平衡，但莉莉放手后作者失去平衡摔倒。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我躺在地上，想要放弃。”可知，第一段可描写莉莉安慰作者，鼓励作者再试一次，作者决定再次挑战自己，重新骑上自行车。 ②由第二段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，我成功了。”可知，第二段可描写作者成功学会骑自行车，莉莉为作者感到骄傲，作者从这次经历中学到了永不放弃的重要性以及朋友支持的价值。 2. 续写线索：摔倒想放弃——Lily鼓励——重新上车尝试——专注骑行——成功掌握平衡——感悟坚持与友谊 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①猛冲：rush/dash ②决心：decide/determine ③专注于：focus on/concentrate on 情绪类 ①担心：concern/worry ②喜悦：joy/pleasure 【点睛】【高分句型1】Lily rushed to my side with a look of concern on her face.(运用了with的复合结构) 【高分句型2】Lily’s face lit up with pride and joy as she saw me master the bicycle. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版2019） 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 条码粘贴处 缺艺配 注意事项 L.答题前 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填涂 请将准考证条码粘贴在右很怕的条码粘贴处的方框内。 缺考标记！只能 3 选择题必须使用B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写：字体工整。 由监考老师负 4. 请拉题号顺序在各题的答区内作答，超出范围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 责用黑色字划 5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 的签字笔填 6. 填涂样例正确■错误【-Ⅱ√][X刈 选择题部分（请用2B铅笔填涂） L[AJ[BIIC] 6.[AJIB]ICI 11[A][BJ[C] 16.[A][B]IC] 2AJIBIICI 7AJIB]ICI 12AJ[B][C] 17AJ[BIICI 3AJIBJIC] 8IA]BIICI 13A][B][C] 18[A][B]ICI 4AJIBIIC] 9AI[B]ICI 14A][B]IC] 19.A][BIIC] 5[A]IBJIC] 10.[A]IBIIC] 15[AJ[B]IC] 20.[AJ[B]IC] 26[A][B]IC]ID] 31[A][B][C][D] 36[AJIBJICJID][EJIF] 27AJIBIICIID] 32[AJIBIIC]ID] 37AJ[BJICJIDJIEJIFI 28[AJIBIIC][D] 33.[A][B][CI[D] 38[AJ[BI[CJIDIIEJIF] 29[A][B]IC][D] 34[AJ[B]IC][D] 39AJ[BI[CI[DI[EJ[F] 30.[AJIBIICIID] 351AJIB]ICIID] 40AJIBIICJIDIIEJIF] 41A][B]IC][D] 46[AIIB]IC][D] 51[A][BIICID] 56.[AI[B]ICI[D] 42AJIBIICIID] 47AJIBIICIIDI 52IAJIBICIDI 57AIIBIICIIDI 43.[A][B]IC][D] 48[AJ[B]IC][D] 53[AJ[BJ[C][D] 58[AJ[BJICI[DI 44AJ[BIICI[D] 4AJIB]IC]ID] 541AJIBJICJID] 59.[AJIBJICIID] 45[A][BJIC][D] 50.[AJIB]IC]ID] 55[AJ[BIIC]ID] 60[AJ[BJICIID] 46[A][B]ICI[D] 51[AJ[BI[C][D] 47[AJ[BJICI[D] 52[AJIBIICJ[D] 48[AJIB]IC]ID] 53.[AJIBIICJ[D] 4A][BJICI[DI 54.1AJIBIICIIDI 50.[AJ[B]ICI[D] 551AJIBIICIID] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效】 英语答题卡第1页（共2页） 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56 57 58. 59. 60 61. 62 63. 64 65 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 第二节（满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. To my surprise,I succeeded. 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语答题卡第2页（共2页）试题 第 1页（共 12页） 试题 第 2页（共 12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … 学 校 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 姓 名 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ _班 级 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _考 号 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版 2019） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无 效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段 对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the woman’s home. B．In an office. C．In a hospital. 2．What kind of job does the woman like? A．Preparing food. B．Taking orders. C．Clearing tables. 3． Why can’t the man return the shoes? A．He has worn them too long. B．He lost the receipt. C．The shoes are comfortable. 4． How often does Shelly eat out? A．Three times a week. B．Four times a week. C．Five times a week. 5． What did the woman do just after high school? A．She played in a band. B．She started a new company. C．She worked as a saleswoman. 第二节 （共 15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分） 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．How is Joy going to spend most of the holiday? A．Staying at home. B．Visiting her friend. C．Traveling in Singapore. 7．What does the man think of his holiday plan? A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Tiring. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Why does Stephen recommend the Spring Festival? A．It is a hot topic. B．It represents our culture. C．It involves many subjects. 9．How does the woman feel after discussing with Stephen? A．Stressed. B．Excited. C．Worried. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the woman probably? A．A teacher. B．A tour guide. C．An artist. 11．What do we know about David? A．It has stood in the gallery for more than 100 years. B．It was placed outside before 1504. C．It was originally made in 1604. 12．Which body part of David is used to show his power? A．His hands. B．His legs. C．His arms. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why does the woman want to sell the stuff? A．To spare room for furniture. B．To turn them into cash. C．To clean up the house. 14．What does the woman say about Bob? A．He has a problem with the ad. B．He can make a quick sale. C．He is kind and helpful. 15．What is the man’s opinion about Newsday’s service? 试题 第 3页（共 12页） 试题 第 4页（共 12页） … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … A．Excellent. B．Unfriendly. C．Expensive. 16．What are the speakers going to do next? A．Write an ad. B．Make a call. C．Go to a market. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Reporting an event. B．Hosting a program. C．Chairing a meeting. 18．Who was the winner of the competition last year? A．Ryan. B．Jamie. C．Kenneth. 19．When will the national competition be held? A．This June B．Next June. C．Next July 20．What will the surfers do on Bradley Beach tonight? A．Give a report B．Join in a game. C．Meet their fans. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50分） A STINSON BEACH CLEAN-UP PROJECT Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer! Warmer weather and handfuls of holidays bring more people out to the beach which sometimes means more garbage too; join us once per month to clear litter and maintain the beauty there. When: One Friday a month between May and September. 10: 00 am—1: 00 pm. Where: Stinson Beach parking lot. Supplies: We invite volunteers to bring their own reusable supplies! Limit waste by bringing your own bag or bucket and gloves if possible — but don’t worry if you don’t — we’ll have some supplies on site for you to use. Group entry: Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. Age, Skills, What to bring: Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear (雨具). Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements. 21．What is the aim of the project? A．To attract the tourists. B．To beautify the beach. C．To provide trip study. D．To conduct a research. 22．What is required for volunteers under 18? A．Fine weather. B．Rich experience. C．School uniform. D．Parent permission. 23．What does the project provide for volunteers? A．Training. B．Long pants. C．Rain gear. D．Water bottles. B Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever). Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare. One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next intergenerational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later. I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals. This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about intergenerational friendships. My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures. It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — 试题 第 5页（共 12页） 试题 第 6页（共 12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … 学 校 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 姓 名 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ _班 级 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _考 号 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 24．What has the author learned from her relationship with Ruby? A．Older adults are lonely and in need of care. B．Nurses are more likely to develop friendships. C．Advanced healthcare can bridge generation gaps. D．Friendships serve as a source of learning across ages. 25．What is the main theme of the author’s book? A．The joy of intergenerational friendships.B．The benefits of friendships. C．The importance of providing healthcare. D．The creation of fun events. 26．How did the book impact on society? A．Schools promoted children’ s reading. B．Children started befriending the elderly. C．More authors wrote stories about elders. D．Service projects gained great popularity. 27．What is the significance of the book for the author? A．It provided her with financial stability. B．It helped her reconnect with old friends. C．It enabled her to contribute to others’ lives. D．It made her childhood dream come true. C Winter is over, so chances are you’re ready for some major spring cleaning or cleansing. Whether you plan to clean your bedroom or wipe the windows, don’t forget to tidy up the kitchen! According to a study, a messy cooking space can lead to overeating. As part of the study, 101 female students were put in standard kitchen and messy kitchen environments and were asked to write about a time when they felt in control or out of control. Next, they were given cookies, crackers and carrots. Students in the “messy kitchen” who wrote about feeling out of control ate about twice as many cookies as the people in the in-control situation. The researchers found that a messy environment can actually make people more likely to eat unhealthy foods, but the person’s mindset (思维倾向) within that environment can either trigger or protect against overeating. In the messy kitchen, women who wrote about a time when they felt in control consumed fewer cookie calories than the women who wrote about being out of control. As the researchers pointed out, our mindset affects whether we will overeat unhealthy foods while in a messy kitchen. If we go into the kitchen with an “in-control” attitude, we might not eat as many cookies. But then again, why not try out cleaning up the kitchen and see what it does? Everything that feeds you doesn’t come on a plate such as your relationships, physical activity, and spirituality. Your home environment is also a big part of that nourishment (营养 ). So whether you tidy up your kitchen or your living room, paying attention to your living space (just like your diet!) can have a positive effect on health. 28．Why were the students asked to write if they were feeling in control or not? A．To make them stay long in the kitchen. B．To see the effect of the mindset on eating. C．To learn if they could choose the right amount of food to eat. D．To find out the relationship between the environment and mindsets. 29．What does the underlined word “trigger” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Break up. B．Hold back. C．Set off. D．Depend on. 30．What suggestion does the author give? A．Keeping your living space clean. B．Staying away from unhealthy food. C．Finding suitable ways to stay healthy. D．Protecting yourself against overeating. 31．The passage is probably taken from a(n) ______. A．news story B．research report C．government document D．advertisement D If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. 试题 第 7页（共 12页） 试题 第 8页（共 12页） … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — howAI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 32．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A．It’s howAI learned to work with people B．It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C．It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D．It’s howAI got rewards for making correct choices. 33．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A．It relies on real-time interaction. B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C．It takes less time and has less danger. D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 34．What is AI expected to do in the future? A．To cook a complex meal on its own. B．To point out our weaknesses directly. C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D．To solve difficult problems for humans. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．AI learns cooperation by practicing. B．AI learns cooking from humans. C．AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans. 第二节 （共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Spending time in front of a computer may cause eye tiredness. Though eye tiredness typically isn’t harmful, it can cause dry and watery eyes, headache and so on. Fortunately, it’s fairly easy to protect your eyes when you use a computer. Sit far enough away from the screen. 36 . To make sure your computer is positioned right, try the high-five test: if you can properly high-five your computer screen with a full arm extension, the distance is just right. 37 . If you’re using any books or papers while working, you can tire your eyes when you don’t position them properly. If they’re too low, your eyes will have to refocus every time you glance at them, leading to eye tiredness. Reference materials should be located above the keyboard and below the computer’s monitor. Blink (眨眼) often. We naturally blink about 20 times every minute, but when we focus on a screen, this figure can drop by as much as half. 38 . Since your eyes won’t blink as frequently as they naturally will, you’ll have to be aware of this and force yourself to blink. Adjust your screen brightness. Your screen should be adjusted depending on your environment. 39 . If the room is not bright, lower the settings. Take regular breaks. It is recommended that for every two hours of looking at the computer screen, you should take a 15-minute break. 40 . This is good advice to protect not only your eyes, but your health in general. A．Visit the eye doctor annually B．Place reference materials properly C．This means your eyes are at greater risk of drying out D．Surrounding lights can reflect off your screen and tire your eyes E．It is suitable to keep a distance of at least one arm from the screen F．During this time, you should blink, close your eyes, and allow them to rest G．If you’re working in a brightly lit room, you can increase the brightness setting 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分） 第一节 （共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 One cold winter evening, my keys slipped from my pocket and disappeared into the snow. 41 , I found myself at a loss outside my apartment building. 42 set in as I realized I couldn’t get inside. The 试题 第 9页（共 12页） 试题 第 10页（共 12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … 学 校 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 姓 名 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ _班 级 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _考 号 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ cold wind bit at my skin, and my mind went blank. Just as helplessness began to creep in, a stranger 43 me. He was wrapped in a heavy coat, his breath 44 in the cold air. “Need a hand?” he asked, noticing my anxiety. Without waiting for an answer, he knelt beside me and began searching the snow. Minutes passed, and just as I was about to give up, he let out a joyful laugh. “Got them!” he exclaimed, holding up my keys. 45 washed over me, and I expressed my gratitude to him. To my surprise, he smiled warmly and said, “Pay it 46 ,” before walking away. The next day, I was walking past a café, noticing an elderly woman 47 to open the door when a warm idea 48 me. I held the door open for her and offered a smile. She thanked me and I felt a strange sense of 49 . Later that week, I saw a young mother had trouble with groceries and a crying child. I 50 to her generously, and her grateful smile 51 the kindness I had received. That simple act of kindness from a stranger produced a series of 52 . As for me, it served as a 53 that even in moments of failing, a small gesture can 54 someone’s day. Kindness, as it turned out, was a ripple (涟漪) effect that could 55 endlessly. 41．A．Obviously B．Suddenly C．Consequently D．Eventually 42．A．Anger B．Panic C．Shock D．Shame 43．A．neared B．cornered C．located D．stopped 44．A．smelly B．slight C．fresh D．visible 45．A．Confusion B．Anxiety C．Relief D．Confidence 46．A．back B．off C．forward D．out 47．A．hesitating B．struggling C．volunteering D．managing 48．A．signaled B．seized C．crashed D．struck 49．A．community B．accomplishment C．belonging D．responsibility 50．A．reached out B．turned out C．let out D．came out 51．A．affected B．mirrored C．defended D．ensured 52．A．potentials B．opportunities C．rewards D．reactions 53．A．memory B．proof C．reminder D．warning 54．A．lengthen B．brighten C．weaken D．strengthen 55．A．occur B．remain C．spread D．vary 非选择题部分 第二节 （共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, there were more than 820 million short video users in China. Relaxing, emotional and fragmented (碎片化的) these videos’ contents perfectly match people’s 56 (need). With the application of new technologies, short video platforms (平台) are getting more and more popular, 57 (become) a shining spot of new Internet media. 58 (surprise), traditional Chinese operas are a major beneficiary of the growing short video industry and are even becoming popular among the young generation. Peking Opera won 59 (popular) on short video platforms thanks to 60 series of augmented reality (AR) effects. People love to film clips (片段) with a set of virtual facial makeup, headwear and costumes, which is base 61 traditional Peking Opera costumes. Statistics show that these effects were applied by more than 18 million people, most of 62 were young people. Pop music 63 (mix) with opera elements is also widely spread on short video platforms. In the first half of 2024, people who use the video-sharing app Douyin produced more than 65 million pieces of short videos about traditional culture, and these clips 64 (play) 16.4 billion times and received 4.4 billion likes. In a word, short video platforms are becoming an important way 65 (spread) Chinese culture. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15分） 假如你是李华，你校在 4月 17-18日成功举办了一年一度的校园艺体节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道， 内容包括： (1) 活动目的； (2) 活动形式； (3) 活动意义。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为 100词左右； (2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 词汇：校园艺体节：School Art and Sports Festival ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第 11页（共 12页） 试题 第 12页（共 12页） … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________ 第二节（满分 25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Admiring how effortlessly my friends pedaled (骑) through the streets on their bicycles, I really wanted to learn, yet fear held me back. The thought of balancing on two wheels filled me with a mix of excitement and worry. My friend Lily sensed my desire (渴望) and decided to teach me how to ride. On a sun-kissed afternoon, Lily arrived at my doorstep with a bike. “Today is the day, Sheila! You’re going to learn to ride,” she said with determination in her eyes. Nervous but excited, I decided to give it a go. Lily adjusted (调整) the seat, offering great encouragement as she guided me through the basics of balance and pedaling. Under Lily’s encouragement and patient guidance, I began my cycling journey. With Lily supporting my bike, I started to pedal very slowly. Although each wobble (摇晃 ) filled me with anxiety and self-doubt, Lily’s support and encouragement kept me moving forward. Everything seemed to be going well. “You’re doing great, Sheila! Keep pedaling and don’t be afraid! I’m right behind you,” Lily cheered, accompanying (陪伴) me every step of the way. I gradually found my balance and pedaled with more confidence. “Lily, I think I’ve learned how to ride a bike! This is cool!” I excitedly said. However, when Lily slowly let go of the bike, nervousness took hold of me. The realization that I was now responsible for my balance hit hard. At that moment I lost my balance and fell to the ground. The fall was not just physical but also a blow to my confidence. Doubts about my ability to master cycling began to cloud my mind. The pain of the fall made me unable to stop crying. 注意： 1．续写词数应为 150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I lay on the ground and wanted to give up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprised, I succeeded. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力考试正式开始。Okay, I have finally finished my work before we leave. I want to know whether you'll be working at the office or from home next week. Well, I prefer working from home. My husband is in hospital, so I need to take care of my kids. Listen to the next question. I'd like to offer you a job working in our cafe. You'll be mainly taking orders and clearing tables. May I work in the kitchen? I prefer doing food preparation. Sure, then see you tomorrow. Listen to the next question. I need to return these shoes. They're very uncomfortable. Here is the receipt. I'm sorry, but I cannot do that. You've warn them for two weeks. Listen to the next question. How often do you eat out? Shelly. well, quite often. I eat out five times a week. Listen to the next question. What did you do? After high school? I played in a band for a while. We played for dances around the country. Then what did you do? I started a recording company. Now I make music and money. Listen to the next question. Joy, the three months summer holiday is coming soon. Do you have any plans for IT? Yes, i'm going to visit my friend in canada first and stay there for a month. My uncle lives in singapore, and i'll go there and spend the rest of the time traveling. You must be excited about . this vacation. Yes, i've expected IT for a long time. Compared with yours, my plan sounds a bit boring. I will stay at home and meet my old classmates. That's not bad. Joy, the three months summer holiday is coming soon. Do you have any plans for IT? Yes, i'm going to visit my friend in canada first and stay there for a month. My uncle lives in singapore, and i'll go there and spend the rest of the time traveling. You must be excited about . this vacation. Yes, i've expected IT for a long time. Compared with yours, my plan sounds a bit boring. I will stay at home and meet my old classmates. That's not bad. Listen to the next question. Stephen, i'm struggling to find a topic for our presentation on chinese traditional culture. There are so many great options. I see. What about the spring festival? IT was just added to unesco intangible cultural heritage list. It's been making headlines recently. Oh, that's a fantastic idea. We can cover its history, customs and modern celebrations. It's such a big part of our culture, just like a gold mine of information sounds good. We can also include some personal stories and photos to make IT more engaging. It'll be fun to work on IT perfect. This will definitely make our presentation stand out. Stephen, i'm struggling to find a topic for our presentation on chinese traditional culture. There are so many great options. I see. What about the spring festival? IT was just added to unesco intangible cultural heritage list. It's been making headlines recently. Oh, that's a fantastic idea. We can cover its history, customs and modern celebrations. It's such a big part of our culture, just like a gold mine of information. Sounds good. We can also include some personal stories and photos to make IT more engaging. It'll be fun to work on IT. perfect. This will definitely make our presentation stand out. Listen to the next question. And here, ladies and gentlemen, we have the famous artwork, David, by Michael Angelo. When IT was originally made in FIFO, four IT stood outside. But over a century ago, IT was brought here inside the galleria adea. Oh, wow. I've seen pictures of IT, but I didn't realize that was this big. It's huge. Yes, a lot of visitors say that when I show IT to them. look at all the details, his arms, his legs. They are amazing. yes. But also look at the hands, especially the right hand. Do you notice anything? They are big. Yes. well done. They're actually bigger than they should be because the artist wanted to show David's power through IT. And here, ladies and gentlemen, we have the famous artwork, David, by Michael Angelo. When IT was originally made in fifteen o four, IT stood outside. But over a century ago, IT was brought here inside the galleria adea. Oh, wow. I've seen pictures of IT, but I didn't realize that was this big. It's huge. Yes, a lot of visitors say that when I show IT to them. look at all the details, his arms, his legs. They are amazing. yes. But also look at the hands, especially the right hand. Do you notice anything? They are big? Yes. well done. They are actually bigger than they should be because the artist wanted to show David's power through IT. Listen to the next question. Honey, what's all our stuff doing in the yard? It's a clean up sale for only nineteen dollars, ninety five. We can put a two line ad in news day for seven days. And with over two million readers, we'll get results fast. But if news day is having a clean up sale, what does our yard look like . a market because there's never been a Better time for us to turn the things we don't use into cash we can use. You mean the jewelry, furnace and . exercise equipment, even your old guitar. two lines, seven days for only nineteen dollars, ninety five. Are you sure? Of course, i'm sure I called . bob who's bob? He is a sales consultant there. He was really nice and helpful. He told me to call him whenever I had a problem with the ad. more than fifty percent off and friendly service. News day does have all we need. yeah. So could you help me with the ad if you're free? Okay. honey, what's all our stuff doing in the yard? It's a clean up sale for only nineteen dollars, ninety five. We can put a two line ad in news day for seven days, and with over two million readers, we'll get results fast. But if news day is having a clean up sale, what does our yard look like a market? Because there's never been a Better time for us to turn the things we don't use into cash we can use. You mean the jewelry, furniture and exercise equipment. even your old guitar. two lines, seven days for only nineteen dollars, ninety five. Are you sure? Of course, i'm sure I called bob. who's bob? He is a sales consulting there. He was really nice and helpful. He told me to call him whenever I had a problem with the ad. More than fifty percent off and friendly service news day does have all we need. yeah. So could you help me with the yard if you're free? okay. Listen to the next question. Hello everyone, i'm reporting life from bradlee beach. The surfing competition this july has just come to an end. The competition went well, both because of the weather and the support of the community. I was able to interview a few of the surface about the competition, and they were happy to talk to me. Kenneth, who was the winner of last year's competition, said that he was proud of his work this year, even though he only got third place. The competition winner, ryan, came all the way from amErica to compete. Royan only spoke about how close the competition was. He thanked his friend into the second place win a jammy for giving him a good chAllenge. All three surface will return to compete for the national competition in june next year, and then again in december. If anyone is . still interested in meeting these talented people, you should hurry down to brightly page, where they'll be meeting fans this evening. Hello everyone, i'm reporting live from bradlee beach. The surfing competition this july has just come to an end. The competition went well, both because of the weather and the support of the community. I was able to interview a few of the surface about the competition, and they were happy to talk to me. Kenneth, who was the winner of last year's competition, said that he was proud of his work this year, even though he only got third place. The competition winner, ryan, came all the way from amErica to compete. Royan no only spoke about how close the competition was. He thanked his friend the second place win, a jammy for giving him a good chAllenge. All three surface will return to compete for the national competition in june next year, and then again in december. If anyone is still interested in meeting these talented people, you should hurry down to brightly page, where they will be meeting fans this evening. 听力部分到此结束。 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（北师大版2019) 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 条码粘贴处 峡雪配 注意事项 1.答题前。考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填涂 2 请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的条码粘贴处的方框内。 缺考标记1只能 3。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 由监考老师员 4.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 黄用凰色字边 5,保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀 的签字笔填涂。 填涂样例正确■错误[一√】[×] 选择题部分（请用 2B铅笔填涂) 1[A][B][C] 6.A1[B1[C1 1L[A][B][C] 16.[A][B][C] 2.A1[B1IC1 7[A][B][C] 12[A][BJ[C] 17.A1[B1IC1 3.[A][B][C] 8A1IB1【C1 13A1[B1IC1 18.A1[B1C 4.A1[B1IC1 9.A1IB1【C) 14A1[B1IC1 19.[A1【B1IC1 5.A1[B1IC1 10.[A][B][C] 15A1【B1IC1 20.[A][B][C] 26.[A][B][C][D] 3L.A1[B1【C1ID1 36.A1【B1[C1[D1[E1IF1 27AJ[B]ICJ[D] 32.[A][BI[C][D] 37[AI[BJICI[D][EJ[F] 28[A][B][C][D] 33.[A][B][C][D] 38[AJ[B][C][D][EJ[F] 29.A1IB1C1[D1 34.[A][B][C][D] 3[A][B][C][D][EJ[F] 30.[AJ[B][C][D] 35.[A][B][CI[D] 40[AJ[B][C][D][E][F] 41AJ[B][C][D] 46.A1IB1[C1D1 5L[AJ[BJICJ[D] 56.(A][B][C][D] 42[A][B][C][D] 47[A][B][C][D] 52[AJ[B][C][D] 57.(AJ[B][C][D] 43.[A][B][C][D] 48.[A][B][C][D 53A1【B1IC1ID】 58.(A][B][CI[D] 44.[A][B][CI[D] 4.[A][B][C][D] 54[AJ[BI[CJ[D] 59.IAI[B][C][D] 45A1IB1[C1[D1 50.[A][B][C][D] 55[AJ[B][C]ID] 60.[A]IB][C][D] 46.[A][B][C][D] 51[A][B]C][D] 47.[A][B][C][D] 52[A][B][C][D] 48.[A][B][C][D] 53.[A][B][C][D] 4[A][B][C][D] 54.[A][B][C][D] 50.[A][B][C][D] 55.[A][B][C][D] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语答题卡第1页（共2页） 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处英入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56. 57. 58 59 60 61. 62 63. 64. 65. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I lay on the groud and wanted to give up. To ny surprise,I succeeded 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语答题卡第2页（共2页）