主谓一致 知识点梳理 课件-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦主谓一致核心考点，依据高考评价体系梳理形式一致、意义一致、就近原则三大考查维度，通过规则分类（如and连接主语的单复数规则、集合名词用法）和近五年考点统计，明确语法填空和短文改错中该考点占比约25%的高频分布，构建系统备考框架。 课件亮点在于“规则精讲+真题演练+思维训练”的三阶模式，如以2025年潍坊二模“Near the Luding Bridge...stands a museum”为例，解析倒装句中就近原则的“主语定位法”，培养学生语言能力和逻辑思维素养。特设“易错点对比表”和“解题三步骤”，通过高仿真模拟题强化训练，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准指导，提升复习效率。

主谓一致 高考·一轮复习 主谓一致 谓语动词单复数形式与主语保持一致。分为三种： 1. 形式上一致 2. 意义上一致 3. 就近原则 主谓一致 1. 形式上一致: 谓语与主语在形式上一致。 即：主语为单数，谓语就为 数。 主语为复数，谓语就为 数 单 复 2. 意义上一致：根据主语表达的单（复）意义，选择单（复）数谓语 就近原则：谓语形式上取决于最近的 。 主语 形式一致 形式一致 1. 单数名词、代词、不定式、动名词、句子做主语， 谓语用单数。 Reading what I like. That he is clever clear to us. To become a doctor my wish. is is is 形式一致 注意：两个疑问词连接一个不定式、句子，谓语用单数。 When and where to hold the meeting not been decided.  When and where they will go not clear. has is 形式一致 2. and、both…and…连接并列主语，谓语用复数。 He and I friends. Both Mary and I students. To work hard and to realize my dream my aims. What I saw and what I heard the same. are are are are 形式一致 但是，and连接并列主语时若表示同一事物，同一人，同一概念，谓语用单数。 bread and butter 奶油面包 truth and honest 诚信 science and technology 科技 a cart and horse 一副马车 a knife and fork 一副刀叉 a needle and thread 一副针线 形式一致 2. and、both…and…连接并列主语，谓语用复数。 He and I friends. Both Mary and I students. To work hard and to realize my dream my aims. What I saw and what I heard the same. are are are are 形式一致 3. 在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语取决于其后面的主语，若谓语后有多个并列名词，谓语取决于临近的主语。 South of the city (stand) a temple. On the wall (be) some pictures. In the room (be) found a pen and some books. stands are was ①地点状语放句首的倒装句。 形式一致 ② such 放句首。 Such (be) my father. Such (be) his words. is are 形式一致 ③ There be 句型。 There (be) a book on the desk. There (be) two pens on the desk. There (be) a book and two pens on the desk. There (be) two pens and a book on the desk. is are is are 形式一致 5. 下列词连接两个主语，谓语取决于第一个主语（承前一致） as well as       rather than         including              not but/except       besides           in addition to           like along/together with                 with      as much as 和…一样 more than 超过，不仅仅 no less than 至少    Tom rather than you, (be) very honest. The students as well as the teacher (be) interesting. is are 形式一致 6. 下列词做主语时，谓语用单数 either neither each the other another      anyone someone no one everyone anybody somebody nobody everybody anything something nothing everything neither/either/none of +pln. 做主语时，谓语单复数均可，多用单数。 more than one many a ＋ 名词单数： 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 more pln. than one 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 More than one person (be) against you. More people than one (be) going there. is are 形式一致 8. 定语从句谓语动词取决于先行词。 I want to buy some books that are useful. Have you taken away the book that was on the desk?     one of pln. + 定语从句：谓语动词用复数 the (only) one of pln. + 定语从句：谓语动词用单数   He’s one of the boys who (know) the answer. He’s the only one of the boys who (know) the answer. know knows 形式一致 9. 强调句式中，that/who后句子谓语取决于被强调部分。 It is Mary that/who (be) right. It is you and he that (be) invited. It is I who (be) wrong. is were am 形式一致 10. 特殊疑问句中，谓语取决于其后的名词或代词。 Who (be) the teacher? Where (be) my desks? is are 11.what从句做主语，表语为n.，谓语动词取决于n.。 What he wants is money while what I need are friends. 12. 奥运会做主语，谓语动词用复数。 The Olympic games are held every four years. 意义一致 意义一致 1. 由两个相同部分构成一个整体物体，做主语时谓语为复数。 但与a pair of 连用时，谓语用单数。 如：shoes, glasses, scales, chopsticks, socks, trousers, scissors, shorts The shoes (be) mine. This pair of shoes (be) mine. Two pairs of shoes (be)bought yesterday. are is are 意义一致 2. 学科名词、书刊名、报纸名、剧名、国名、人名虽以-s结尾，但表达单数含义，做主语时，谓语用单数。 The Arabian Nights (be) an interesting book. The New York Times (be) very popular. is physics, politics, maths, economics is 意义一致 3. 下列集合名词作主语，谓语用复数。 a person 一个人 two persons 两个人 two people 两个人 a people 一个民族 如：people, police, poultry, cattle, militia, military, youth 特例： a policeman two policemen a head of cattle two head of cattle 意义一致 4. 下列名词作主语， 看做整体时谓语动词用单数，看做成员时，谓语动词用复数。 My family a big house. Look! My family watching TV in the room. is family, team, group, crowd, party, class, club, company, committee, government are 意义一致 5. 表示度量的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Five years in one’s life not a long time. 500 dollars a large sum. is 度量名词可用来表示价格、金钱、时间、距离、体积、长短、温度。 is 意义一致 6. some, any, most, half, the rest, a part, the remainder, a lot=lots, the majority , plenty, 分数，百分数＋ of+ n. 的谓语动词取决于名词。 The rest of the trees cut down. The rest of the milk was bought by an old man. About one third of the books were written(write) by him. 意义一致 7. population 单独做主语, 谓语动词用单数， The population of China is large and 80% of it are farmers. 与分数、百分数连用，谓语动词用复数。 就近一致 就近一致 1. 由or、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...、not...but...等连接的名词（短语）或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数常与最邻近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。 Either you or one of your classmates (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. Not only I but also David and Matt (be) interested in robots. is are 就近一致 2.由there、here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There (be)three chairs,a desk and a computer in the room. are 解题技巧 解题技巧 1. 定语态：主动/被动 2. 定时态：上下文、时间状语 3. 看主语：确定谓语 解题技巧 Later, Nelson 　　　 　(award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work.  was awarded 句意:后来纳尔逊被授予总统自由勋章,以表彰他的工作。 解析： 句中的时间状语later表明这里叙述的是过去的动作，应用一般过去时; Nelson与award为动宾关系,应用被动语态; 主语为Nelson,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填was awarded。 进阶练习 1.China’s high-speed railways are a successful example of independent innovation in our country, and the overall technological level of China’s railways (enter) the forefront of the world so far.(2025·滨州高三二模)  2.This Spring Festival,a team of Yingge dancers from South China’s Guangdong Province (invite) to the UK.(2025·新乡高三三模)  3.Near the Luding Bridge considered a historical landmark (stand) a museum.(2025·潍坊高三二模) has entered  was/were invited  stands  进阶练习 4.Tokushima government hopes that the DMV buses (become) a tourist draw in their own right.(2025·江淮十校高三三模)  5.He said the team (experiment) with different types of food products, but the models they got weren’t as successful.(2025·南昌高三二模)  will become   had experimented   进阶练习 6.I was (leave) with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.(2025·八省联考)  7.Today,more than 70 countries (include) the Chinese language in their education systems.(2025·八省联考)  8.The Duan inkstone,one of the four most famous inkstones in China, (originate) in the mountains by the Duanxi River in Guangdong Province.(2025·宿迁高三三模) left   have included   originated  进阶练习 9.An optional college course named “Appreciation of the Jiangxi Opera” (teach) in a packed house recently at Nanchang University.(2025·南昌高三三模)  10.The variety of sizes (represent) the demand for globes that still exists today.(2025·齐齐哈尔高三三模) has been taught represents   $$