精品解析：广东省茂名市信宜市信宜中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题

新高三过渡全知识点通关试卷（一） 英语 本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Harvard Summer School study abroad programs seek motivated and independent students who are eager for a unique academic challenge. All programs are selective and have limited register. Who Can Apply To apply you must: · Be at least 18 years old · Have completed at least one year of college or be a first-year student · Be in good academic standing How To Apply The online application opens on December 2nd, 2024 and the application deadline is January 30th, 2025. Click the “Apply Now” button on the webpage of your program of interest to be directed to the online application. The online application for all programs includes: · Basic personal information · A detailed statement of interest · Your most recent academic record · Program-specific requirements (if applicable, may include letters of recommendation, references, etc.) You may apply to no more than two programs; if applying to two programs, you will be asked to rank your two applications in order of preference (first and second choice). Any application submitted in excess of the maximum of two will be automatically withdrawn. The Mignone Center for Career Success (MCCS) offers funding for a limited number of admitted and qualified Harvard College students. If you are a Harvard College student, you will be asked on your Harvard Summer School study abroad application if you would like to be considered funding. Funding selection is by lottery, and award amounts vary by program and financial aid status. 1. Who can apply for the Harvard Summer School study abroad programs? A. An 18-year-old high school senior. B. An 18-year-old college dropout. C. A 17-year-old high school graduate. D. A 19-year-old second-year college student. 2. Which is essential for the online application? A. A photo of the applicant. B. A university admission notice. C. A well-written interest statement. D. A family income statement. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. An academic report. B. An official webpage. C. A travel brochure. D. A magazine article. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Harvard Summer School的海外留学项目对申请者的要求，包括年龄、学业背景等；说明了申请方式，包括申请时间、在线申请内容以及可申请项目数量限制等；还提及针对哈佛学院学生的资金资助情况。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Who Can Apply部分的“· Be at least 18 years old(·年满18岁)”、“· Have completed at least one year of college or be a first-year student(·已完成至少一年的大学学业或为大一在读学生)”以及“· Be in good academic standing(·学业成绩良好)”可知，申请这个项目的人必须年满18岁、已完成至少一年的大学学业或为大一在读学生、成绩良好；由此可知，D选项“A 19-year-old second-year college student.(一个19岁的大学二年级学生)”可以申请该项目。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How To Apply部分的“The online application for all programs includes:· Basic personal information· A detailed statement of interest· Your most recent academic record· Program-specific requirements (if applicable, may include letters of recommendation, references, etc.) (所有项目的在线申请包括：·基本个人信息· 一份详细的兴趣陈述· 您最新的学业成绩单·项目特定要求（如适用，可能包括推荐信、参考资料等）)”可知，对于在线申请，基本个人信息、一份写得很好的兴趣陈述以及最新的学业成绩单是必不可少的。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据How To Apply部分的“Click the “Apply Now” button on the webpage of your program of interest to be directed to the online application. (点击您感兴趣的项目网页上的‘立即申请”按钮’即可进入在线申请页面。)”可以推知，该文本最有可能来自于官方的网页。故选B。 B Mindful eating doesn’t come naturally to me. I’d developed the habit of doing several things at once, like eating and reading. It felt like dead time not to use the opportunity to kill two birds with one stone. I’ve been guilty of eating a really healthy diet - while barely noticing it. It took an 11-year-old to truly show me what eating mindfully looks like. Many years ago, when my daughter came home after her first day at secondary school, I fired a flow of questions at her: “Did I you make new friends?”, “Were the teachers nice?” Entirely focusing on a cheese sandwich, she looked at me pointedly, “Mummy, I’ll tell you all about it in a bit. I just want to enjoy eating this sandwich quietly.” So I bit my lip and watched her close her eyes, smile and “Mmmm” as she chewed. It was a sharp contrast to how I ate my lunch. We’re so used to reducing time that we’ve downgraded eating to something to be squeezed (挤压) in while we’re doing something else. Our grab-and-go culture encourages eating in a rush — the quicker the better. All too often, we end up wolfing down a few biscuits between calls as something to keep us going. But there’s a huge downside to our disconnected eating. When you don’t fully experience your food, you don’t pay attention to whether you’re hungry or not — or full or not. Our social media feeds are flooded with healthy recipes and there’s no end of focus on the quality of our food. But there’s comparatively little focus on how we eat it — and actually that makes all the difference. So, let’s turn our attention to eating slowly, mindfully and with enjoyment. Here’s a challenge for you: Can you practice eating at least one meal a day without any distractions (分心)? No smartphone, no TV, no radio, no newspaper, no magazines? You might well feel a lot of resistance to it at first ... but keep trying! 4. What was the author’s initial opinion about multitasking while eating? A. It was a waste of time. B. It worked people to death. C. It was an efficient time-using way. D. It dragged people from food enjoyment. 5. What did the author learn from her daughter? A. To fully enjoy simple eating pleasure. B. To maintain independence in growth. C. To effectively balance work and relaxation. D. To prioritize family over personal activities. 6. What does disconnected eating lead to? A. Forgetting being on a diet. B. Being particular about food. C. Addiction to multitask lifestyle. D. Unawareness of hunger and fullness. 7. What message does the author mainly convey? A. Modern lifestyles need big changes. B. Technology has bad impacts on dining habits. C. Enjoying meals attentively enhances well-being. D. Healthy recipes are more important than eating style. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过与女儿的互动，认识到了正念饮食的重要性。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“It felt like dead time not to use the opportunity to kill two birds with one stone.(不利用这个机会一举两得，感觉就像停机时间了)”可推知，作者最初认为吃饭的同时进行多项任务的处理是一种有效利用时间的方式。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It took an 11-year-old to truly show me what eating mindfully looks like.(一个11岁的孩子才真正向我展示了正念饮食是什么样子)”以及“So I bit my lip and watched her close her eyes, smile and “Mmmm” as she chewed. It was a sharp contrast to how I ate my lunch.(所以我咬着嘴唇，看着她闭上眼睛，微笑着，一边咀嚼着，一边发出“嗯”的声音。这和我吃午饭的方式形成了鲜明的对比)”可知，作者向女儿学到专注于享受饮食的过程，充分体验和享受饮食带来的纯粹的快乐。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But there’s a huge downside to our disconnected eating. When you don’t fully experience your food, you don’t pay attention to whether you’re hungry or not — or full or not.(但这种不连贯的饮食方式有一个巨大的缺点。当你没有充分体验你的食物时，你不会注意到你是否饿了——或者饱了还是没饱)”可知，当人们不完全体验食物时，他们不会注意到自己是否饿或饱。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But there’s comparatively little focus on how we eat it — and actually that makes all the difference. So, let’s turn our attention to eating slowly, mindfully and with enjoyment.(但相对而言，很少有人关注我们如何吃饭——而实际上，这才是最重要的。所以，让我们把注意力转向慢慢地、用心地、享受地吃饭)”可推知，本文意在传达专心享用餐食、不受任何干扰可以提高整体的幸福感和生活质量。故选C。 C Parents hoping to raise bilingual (说双语的) children have long been given the advice to employ a strict one-parent-one-language approach. However, the findings from Concordia University’s Infant Research Lab indicate that many families in Montreal don’t abide by this model, with both parents frequently using both languages when communicating with their children. “This made sense to us, because there are a lot of adults in Montreal who are actively bilingual,” says Andrea Sander-Montant, lead author of the study. The researchers analyzed data from 300 families taking part in the lab’s research between 2013 and 2020. They identified four main strategies used by the families: one-parent-one-language, both-parents-bilingual, one-parent-bilingual (where one parent uses both languages and the other uses one) and one-language-at-home (where one language is used at home and another one is used outside the home, such as at daycare) . The study found there wasn’t a single strategy that could be singled out as “best” to raise a child bilingually. But when they looked at parents’ language use individually rather than the family’s overall strategy, the researchers had an unexpected and striking finding: mothers had up to twice the impact on language exposure compared to fathers. The influence of mothers was particularly clear in heritage-language families. “We think this may be the case because mothers still spend more time at home than fathers. There may also be cultural factors at play; where mothers feel it is their responsibility to transmit (传播) the language,” says Sander-Montant. “This points to a new way of talking about transmitting languages,” says Krista Byers-Heinlein, a professor in the Department of Psychology. “Rather than stressing about using this or that strategy, families can make a calculation of who is spending time with the child and then figure out how the child can receive enough experience in both languages from fluent speakers.” The researchers believe these findings will have a real-world impact for policymakers, health care workers and educators who closely work with and give advice to bilingual families. 8. What does the underlined phrase “abide by” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Follow. B. Perceive. C. Oppose. D. Transform. 9. What is the key factor in leading to the breakthrough of the study? A. Long-held parenting beliefs. B. Conventional language guidelines. C. Individual parental language use. D. Main strategies in bilingual families. 10. Why does the author quote Sander-Montant’s words in paragraph 4? A. To introduce another topic. B. To prove the finding reasonable. C. To highlight the role of mothers. D. To provide essential background. 11. What is Byers-Heinlein’s suggestion for bilingual parents? A. Sending children to bilingual schools. B. Hiring a full-time language teacher. C Seeking advice from health care professionals. D. Fully exposing kids to both fluent languages. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍康考迪亚大学婴儿研究实验室关于双语家庭语言策略的研究，包括家庭使用的四种主要策略、母亲对孩子语言接触影响更大的发现及相关建议。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Parents hoping to raise bilingual (说双语的) children have long been given the advice to employ a strict one-parent-one-language approach. However, the findings from Concordia University’s Infant Research Lab indicate that many families in Montreal don’t abide by this model, with both parents frequently using both languages when communicating with their children. (一直以来，希望培养双语儿童的家长都被建议采用严格的 “一人一语” 模式（即每位家长只使用一种语言）。然而， Concordia 大学婴儿研究实验室的研究结果表明，蒙特利尔的许多家庭并未……这一模式，父母双方在与孩子沟通时经常同时使用两种语言。)”可知，长期以来一直建议希望培养双语孩子的父母严格采用父母各讲一种语言的方式，而研究发现蒙特利尔的许多家长在与孩子交流时经常使用两种语言，由此可知，他们没有“遵循”所倡导的那种模式，所以画线短语的意思与“遵循”的意义相近。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But when they looked at parents’ language use individually rather than the family’s overall strategy, the researchers had an unexpected and striking finding: mothers had up to twice the impact on language exposure compared to fathers.(但当研究人员单独观察父母的语言使用情况，而非家庭的整体策略时，他们有了一个意想不到的惊人发现：母亲对孩子语言接触的影响是父亲的两倍。)”可知，研究的突破是获得了一个意想不到的惊人发现：母亲对孩子语言学习的影响是父亲的两倍，由此可知，这一发现是研究人员单独研究父母个人的语言使用情况时产生的。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的““We think this may be the case because mothers still spend more time at home than fathers. There may also be cultural factors at play; where mothers feel it is their responsibility to transmit (传播) the language,” says Sander-Montant.(“我们认为这可能是因为母亲比父亲在家时间更长。也可能有文化因素在起作用；母亲们认为传播语言是她们的责任，”桑德•蒙坦特说)”可知，母亲在家的时间仍然比父亲多，她们觉得传递语言是她们的责任，由此可知，引语内容解释了造成母亲对孩子语言学习的影响是父亲的两倍这一现象的原因，即证明了这一发现的合理性。故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Rather than stressing about using this or that strategy, families can make a calculation of who is spending time with the child and then figure out how the child can receive enough experience in both languages from fluent speakers.(与其强调使用这种或那种策略，家庭可以计算谁在与孩子共度时光，然后想办法让孩子从流利的使用者那里获得足够的两种语言体验。)”可知，专家的建议是父母无需强调使用这个或那个策略，而是要让孩子充分沉浸在两种流利的语言环境之中。故选D项。 D Confused about AI and worried about what it means for your future and the future of the world? In AI Snake Oil, computer scientists Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor cut through the confusion to give you an essential understanding of how AI works and why it often doesn’t, where it might be useful or harmful, and when you should suspect that companies are using AI hype (炒作) to sell AI snake oil — products that don’t work and probably never will. The authors take direct aim at predictive AI, which is mostly used to make predictions about people. Will a defendant fail to show up for trial? Is a patient at high risk of negative health outcomes? Will a student drop out of college? These predictions are then used to make consequential decisions in criminal justice, health and education. Developers claim predictive AI is groundbreaking, but in reality it fails to live up to the promises made by its developers. The authors argue that while we have made consistent progress in some fields such as weather prediction, many social and individual outcomes are fundamentally unpredictable due to their complexity and the role of chance events. The authors are a bit more generous with generative AI recognizing its value if used smartly. But in a section titled ‌“Automating bullshit”, the authors note that ChatGPT is shockingly good at sounding convincing on any imaginable topic, but there is no source of truth during training. And the training data can contain false information — the data are mostly Internet text after all. They emphasize that an overreliance on generative AI can discourage critical thinking, the human quality at the very heart of this book. When it comes to why these problems exist and how to change them, Narayanan and Kapoor bring a clear point of view: society has been too polite and respectful to the tech industry. Better regulation is essential. This book is an easy read, providing plenty of useful suggestions that can benefit anyone, whether you make policy decisions, use AI in the workplace or just spend time searching online. 12. What is the book AI Snake Oil intended for? A. Clarifying AI’s actual capacity and limits. B. Erasing people’s fears about their future. C. Correcting errors in using AI tools. D. Introducing the basics of AI. 13. What does the author want to say about predictive AI by raising three questions? A. It can predict human needs. B. It doesn’t work as advertised. C. Its advantages outweigh problems. D. Its developers meet their commitments. 14. What can be inferred about generative AI? A. It is always well-received. B. It is based on reliable data. C. It is actually double-edged. D. It is packed with false orders. 15. What does the author think of the book by Narayanan and Kapoor? A. Vivid and sharp. B. Abstract and simple. C. Plain and heart-warming. D. Practical and straightforward. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《AI Snake Oil》这本书，剖析了预测性AI和生成式AI的实际情况，指出问题所在并强调监管的重要性。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In AI Snake Oil, computer scientists Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor cut through the confusion to give you an essential understanding of how AI works and why it often doesn’t, where it might be useful or harmful, and when you should suspect that companies are using AI hype (炒作) to sell AI snake oil — products that don’t work and probably never will.(在《AI Snake Oil》一书中，计算机科学家阿尔温德·纳拉亚南和萨亚什·卡普尔拨开迷雾，让你对人工智能的工作原理、为何常常失灵、可能的用途或危害，以及何时应怀疑企业在利用人工智能炒作来推销根本不起作用且可能永远不会起作用的‘人工智能万灵药’产品，有一个必要的了解)”可知，这本书能让读者了解人工智能的工作原理、为何常常失灵、可能的用途或危害，也能让读者学会辨别企业的人工智能炒作，所以这本书旨在向读者阐明人工智能的实际能力和局限性。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The authors take direct aim at predictive AI, which is mostly used to make predictions about people. Will a defendant fail to show up for trial? Is a patient at high risk of negative health outcomes? Will a student drop out of college? These predictions are then used to make consequential decisions in criminal justice, health and education. Developers claim predictive AI is groundbreaking, but in reality it fails to live up to the promises made by its developers.(作者们将矛头直指预测性人工智能——这类技术主要用于对人类行为进行预判：被告是否会缺席庭审？患者出现不良健康后果的风险是否较高？学生是否会从大学辍学？这些预测随后被用于刑事司法、医疗及教育领域的关键决策。开发者宣称预测性人工智能具有开创性意义，但实际上它未能达到开发者所承诺的效果)”可知，作者提出三个关于预测性AI的问题是想说明它未能达到开发者所承诺的效果，它并不像宣传的那样有效。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The authors are a bit more generous with generative AI, recognizing its value if used smartly.(作者对生成式人工智能更为宽容，认识到如果明智地使用它，它是有价值的)”和“But in a section titled ‘Automating bullshit’, the authors note that ChatGPT is shockingly good at sounding convincing on any imaginable topic, but there is no source of truth during training. And the training data can contain false information — the data are mostly Internet text after all. They emphasize that an overreliance on generative AI can discourage critical thinking(但在题为‘自动化胡说八道’的章节中，作者指出，ChatGPT在任何可以想象的话题上听起来都极具说服力，但训练过程中没有可靠的真相来源。而且训练数据可能包含错误信息——毕竟这些数据大多是互联网文本。他们强调，过度依赖生成式人工智能会阻碍批判性思维)”可知，生成式AI既有价值又存在问题，实际上是一把双刃剑。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This book is an easy read, providing plenty of useful suggestions that can benefit anyone, whether you make policy decisions, use AI in the workplace or just spend time searching online.(这本书读起来很轻松，提供了大量有用的建议，无论你是制定政策决策、在工作场所使用人工智能，还是只是花时间在网上搜索，都能从中受益)”可知，作者认为这本书读起来很轻松，提供了大量有用的建议，说明它实用(practical)且易懂(straightforward)。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sleep is a moving target. When you are at different ages, you have different sleep patterns. How much sleep do you need at the various stages of life? ____16____ Newborns and babies Babies aged 0 to 3 months sleep 14 to 17 hours out of every 24 hours. Babies triple their weight between birth and 1 year old, and it’s during sleep — especially the deep cycle called slow-wave sleep. “____17____ There are a lot of new nervous connections forming and new learning going on,” says Dr. Cai, director of sleep surgery at a medical center. Kids and teens As puberty (青春期) hits, there is a big change. 13-to-18-year-olds need about 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night, but the teens’ sleep schedule shifts. ____18____ “A lot of teenagers have a delayed sleep drive,” Cai says. “That’s why some teens run into problems with early school times, and then they might need to catch up on their sleep during the day when they’re back home. That’s a real problem.” Adults Past the teen years, there is less cognitive growth and it’s more maintenance mode for the body. That’s when the need for sleep falls to 7 or 8 hours a night. Cai says, “The upper airway or the throat is collapsing over the course of the night and people have these micro-awakenings. ____19____ That can lead to poor quality sleep.” Seniors For people 65 and older, the release of melatonin (褪黑素) slows, leading to less and lighter sleep. Age-related physical changes can also have an impact on deep sleep. For people who are having a hard time sleeping the right amount of hours for their age group, Cai says, “____20____ It’s always worthwhile to see a specialist if there are any significant struggles.” A. Why do our requirements shift all the time? B. Consulting a sleep doctor might be advisable. C. Trying some over-the-counter sleep aids might help. D. How can we improve our sleep at different stages of life? E. In fact, adding weight is not the only thing they are doing. F. They stop breathing and their body wakes them up to take a breath. G. Their bedtime comes later in the evening and wake-up comes later in the morning. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同年龄段人群的睡眠模式及睡眠需求。 【16题详解】 根据空格前的句子“Sleep is a moving target. When you are at different ages, you have different sleep patterns. How much sleep do you need at the various stages of life?(睡眠是一个移动的目标。当你在不同的年龄，你有不同的睡眠模式。在人生的不同阶段，你需要多少睡眠？)”可知，在不同的年龄，人们的睡眠模式和需要的睡眠时间是不同的，所以空格处的句子应该接着问为什么有这种不同，引出下文对不同年龄段睡眠需求变化原因的阐述。所以A项“Why do our requirements shift all the time?(为什么我们的需求总是在变化？)”填入空格处，承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据空格前的句子“Babies triple their weight between birth and 1 year old, and it’s during sleep — especially the deep cycle called slow-wave sleep.(婴儿在出生到一岁之间的体重是原来的三倍，而这是在睡眠期间发生的——尤其是被称为慢波睡眠的深度周期)”和空格后的句子“There are a lot of new nervous connections forming and new learning going on(有很多新的神经连接在形成，新的学习也在进行)”可知，E项“In fact, adding weight is not the only thing they are doing.(事实上，增加体重并不是他们唯一在做的事情)”填入空格处，与上下文是顺接关系，说明了婴儿在睡眠期间，不仅仅体重增加还有新的神经连接的形成和新学习的进行。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据空格前的句子“As puberty (青春期) hits, there is a big change. 13-to-18-year-olds need about 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night, but the teens’ sleep schedule shifts.(随着青春期的到来，情况发生了很大的变化。13到18岁的青少年每晚需要8到10个小时的睡眠，但青少年的睡眠时间表会发生变化)”可知， 空格处的句子应该接着说青少年的睡眠时间表是怎样变化的，所以G项“Their bedtime comes later in the evening and wake-up comes later in the morning.(他们晚上睡觉时间晚，早上起床时间晚)”填入空格处，具体说明了青少年睡眠时间表的变化情况，符合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据空格前句子“Cai says, “The upper airway or the throat is collapsing over the course of the night and people have these micro-awakenings.(蔡医生说：“上呼吸道或喉咙在夜间会逐渐塌陷，人们就会出现这些微觉醒的情况。”)”和空格后的句子“That can lead to poor quality sleep.(这会导致睡眠质量差)”说明上呼吸道或喉咙塌陷以及微觉醒和睡眠质量差的关系，F项“They stop breathing and their body wakes them up to take a breath.(他们停止呼吸，为了呼吸，他们的身体唤醒他们)”填入空格处，进一步解释了上呼吸道或喉咙塌陷导致微觉醒的原因，即停止呼吸后身体唤醒他们呼吸，符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据空格前的句子“For people who are having a hard time sleeping the right amount of hours for their age group(对于很难达到他们年龄段所需睡眠时间的人)”说明对于睡眠有问题的人应该怎么做，B项“Consulting a sleep doctor might be advisable.(最好咨询一下睡眠医生)”填入空格处，给出了一个解决睡眠困难问题的建议，即咨询睡眠医生，与上文内容相符。故选B项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Most successful people have a “never give up” attitude. This was ____21____ by an 8-year-old cheerleader (啦啦队队长). In a video shared on TikTok, the girl was ____22____ a difficult cheering stunt (特技) during an event organized at Chandler’s Basha High School. She was doing flips (空翻) perfectly, getting ____23____ into the air, and coming down safely into the hands of the supporters. But then, a flip in the air ____24____ a problem. She couldn’t land ____25____ and was close to falling down. At that moment, her coach and another man stepped in to help. This left her ____26____. Thinking she lost heart, her coach said gently, “Honey, it’s just a small ____27____.” But the girl said, “I won’t give up though I’m ____28____.” The coach replied firmly, “Quite right, honey! You’re so ____29____. One failure doesn’t mean anything. Let’s give it one more ____30____.” The crowd in the sports complex, including seniors and school staff present, were ____31____ for the little girl, too. To everyone’s amazement, the little girl ____32____ it this time. All the audience stood up and clapped their hands for her. This ____33____ episode shows that, like many successful individuals, the girl was able to overcome difficulties with the right attitude and the ____34____ of those around her. It’s a powerful reminder that perseverance and encouragement can lead to remarkable ____35____. 21. A. challenged B. demonstrated C. delayed D. analyzed 22. A. selecting B. discussing C. performing D. recording 23. A. carried away B. stepped back C. thrown up D. kept off 24. A. simplified B. avoided C. shared D. caused 25. A. properly B. possibly C. temporarily D. vividly 26. A. in danger B. in charge C. in tears D. in ruins 27. A. action B. accident C. change D. decision 28. A. confused B. scared C. surprised D. annoyed 29. A. honest B. generous C. excited D. talented 30. A. shot B. qualification C. gift D. demand 31. A. rooting B. leaving C. searching D. answering 32. A. believed B. made C. received D. found 33. A. increasing B. easy C. inspiring D. new 34. A. control B. attention C. balance D. support 35. A. ideas B. habits C. dreams D. comebacks 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个8岁的女孩在表演的时候出现意外，动作失败了，但是女孩没有放弃，再次尝试最后成功，故事说明了坚持和鼓励可以带来非凡的逆转。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是由一个8岁的啦啦队长演示的。A. challenged挑战；B. demonstrated演示；C. delayed推迟；D. analyzed分析。根据上文“Most successful people have a “never give up” attitude.(大多数成功人士都有一种“永不放弃”的态度)”指“永不放弃”的态度由一个8岁的啦啦队长演示。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在TikTok上分享的一段视频中，这名女孩在钱德勒的巴沙高中组织的一场活动中表演了一项高难度的欢呼特技。A. selecting选择；B. discussing讨论；C. performing表现，表演；D. recording记录。根据后文“a difficult cheering stunt”可知，指女孩在活动上表演了一项高难度的欢呼特技。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的空翻做得很完美，被抛到空中，然后安全地落在支持者的手中。A. carried away情绪激动；B. stepped back退后；C. thrown up推上；D. kept off远离。根据上文“She was doing flips perfectly”可知，空翻是被抛到空中，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，空中的一个翻转造成了一个问题。A. simplified简化；B. avoided避免；C. shared分享；D. caused造成。根据后文“problem”可知，指空中翻转造成了问题，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她无法适当着陆，几乎要摔倒了。A. properly适当地；B. possibly可能地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. vividly生动地。根据后文“and was close to falling down”以及上文的problem，可知，她无法适当着陆，几乎要摔倒了。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：这让她流下了眼泪。A. in danger在危险中；B. in charge负责；C. in tears流泪；D. in ruins成为废墟。根据上文“At that moment, her coach and another man stepped in to help.(在那一刻，她的教练和另一个人进来帮忙)”可知，女孩遇到问题，教练带人来帮助，让她感动流泪。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练以为她失去了信心，就温柔地对她说：“亲爱的，这只是个小意外。”A. action行动；B. accident意外；C. change改变；D. decision决定。根据上文“was close to falling down”可知，指这次动作是一个小意外，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但女孩说：“虽然我很害怕，但我不会放弃。”A. confused困惑的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. annoyed生气的。根据上文“and was close to falling down”可知，女孩的动作出现了问题，她感到害怕，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教练坚定地回答：“完全正确，亲爱的！你太有天赋了。”A. honest诚实的；B. generous慷慨的；C. excited激动的；D. talented有天赋的。根据上文“Quite right, honey!”可知，教练肯定了女孩的话，认为她能领悟到这一点很有天赋。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们再试一次。A. shot射击；B. qualification资格；C. gift礼物；D. demand要求。根据上文“Let’s give it one more”可知，他们又尝试了一次，give it one more shot表示“再试一次”。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：体育中心的人群，包括在场的高年级学生和学校工作人员，也都在为小女孩加油。A. rooting生根；B. leaving离开；C. searching搜索；D. answering回答。根据上文“The crowd in the sports complex, including seniors and school staff present, were”以及后文“All the audience stood up and clapped their hands for her.(所有的观众都站起来为她鼓掌)”指体育中心的人群，包括在场的高年级学生和学校工作人员，也都在为小女孩加油。此处为短语root for表示“为……加油”。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令大家惊讶的是，小女孩这次成功了。A. believed相信；B. made制作；C. received收到；D. found找到。根据后文“All the audience stood up and clapped their hands for her.”可知所有的观众都站起来为她鼓掌，说明女孩成功了，make it表示“成功”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个鼓舞人心的故事表明，像许多成功人士一样，这个女孩能够以正确的态度和周围人的支持克服困难。A. increasing增加的；B. easy容易的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. new新的。根据上文可知，女孩一开始失败了，但是没有灰心而是再次尝试最终取得成功，所以是鼓舞人心的故事。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个鼓舞人心的故事表明，像许多成功人士一样，这个女孩能够以正确的态度和周围人的支持克服困难。A. control控制；B. attention注意力；C. balance平衡；D. support支持。根据后文“encouragement”指以正确的态度和周围人的支持克服困难。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个强有力的提醒，坚持和鼓励可以带来非凡的逆转。A. ideas想法；B. habits习惯；C. dreams梦想；D. comebacks逆转。根据上文“perseverance and encouragement can lead to remarkable”以及女孩从失败到最后成功，说明了坚持和鼓励可以带来非凡的逆转。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Dressed in traditional hanfu, Wang Zijun, manager of a coffee shop, elegantly serves steaming coffee and snacks ____36____ customers. The coffee shop lies in the Huizhou ancient town, a popular tourist destination in Shexian County, east China’s Anhui Province. It’s decorated with ____37____ (tradition) calligraphy and colorful fish-shaped lanterns. “The leisurely pace in the Chinese-style coffee shops matches well with the ____38____ (attract) of the old street,” said Wang. The town also introduces visitors to cultural products, martial arts performances and local snacks. Here, a show, based on local history and old tales, attracts the audience because it makes people feel like they’re ____39____ (real) in it. According to Jiang Guangyu, the performance director, a single show attracts ____40____ audience of over 1,800 during the peak season. “Our stories are inspired by local old tales, combining entertainment with cultural preservation,” said Jiang. In Yihuawan Cultural Tourism Town, ____41____ (locate) in Anhui’s Susong County, visitors can hike through jungle-filled valleys, pick fresh fruit and vegetables, and admire seas of flowers ____42____ are in full blossom throughout the year. Since 2023, the town ____43____ (sell) over 1 million flower seedlings. It’s also created more than 400 local jobs, ____44____ (boost) the average annual household income by 6,000 yuan. In the _____45_____ (one) three quarters of 2024, rural tourism across China received about 2.25 billion visits, a year-on-year increase of 15.5 percent, with the total income reaching about 183.7 billion US dollars. 【答案】36. to 37. traditional 38. attraction 39. really 40. an 41. located 42. that##which 43. has sold 44. boosting 45. first 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了几处与旅游相关的内容：安徽徽州古镇的中式咖啡店，古镇文化表演以及怡花湾文旅小镇的游玩项目等；同时，文章还介绍了2024年前三季度我国乡村旅游的游客数量及收入情况。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：一家咖啡店的经理王子君（音译）穿着传统的汉服，优雅地为顾客端上热气腾腾的咖啡和小吃。serve sth. to sb.意为“把某物提供给某人；为某人端上某物”。故填to。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它装饰着传统的书法和五颜六色的鱼形灯笼。修饰名词calligraphy用形容词traditional。故填traditional。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：“中式咖啡馆里悠闲的节奏与老街的吸引力非常匹配，”王说。本空前面是定冠词the，后面是介词of，因此，此处需填名词attraction，表示“老街的吸引力”。故填attraction。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：在这里，一场以当地历史和古老故事为基础的表演吸引了观众，因为它让人们觉得自己真的置身其中。空处作状语，用副词really，表示“真正地”。故填 really。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：据演出总监姜光宇介绍，在旺季，一场演出就能吸引1800多名观众。an audience of为固定搭配，意为“……数量的观众；……人数的听众”，且 audience一词的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在安徽省宿松县的怡花湾文化旅游小镇，游客可以徒步穿越丛林丛生的山谷，采摘新鲜的水果和蔬菜，欣赏全年盛开的花海。Yihuawan Cultural Tourism Town 与 locate 之间为被动关系，所以此处需填过去分词作后置定语。故填located。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在安徽省宿松县的怡花湾文化旅游小镇，游客可以徒步穿越丛林丛生的山谷，采摘新鲜的水果和蔬菜，欣赏全年盛开的花海。此处为定语从句，先行词为flowers，指物，且本空在从句中作主语。故填 that/which。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：自2023年以来，该镇已售出100多万株花苗。根据时间状语Since 2023可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语为单数，助动词应用has。故填has sold。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它还为当地创造了400多个就业岗位，使家庭平均年收入增加了6000元。本句已有谓语动词，因此，空处只能用作非谓语动词；根据句意可知，此处需用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填boosting。 【45题详解】 考查序数词。句意：2024年前三季度，全国乡村旅游接待游客约22.5亿人次，同比增长15.5%，总收入约1837亿美元。根据句意可知，此处表示在2024年的前三季度，应用序数词。故填first。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校举办了以“绿色厨艺、健康饮食”为主题的厨艺大赛，请给你校英语报写一篇新闻报道。内容包括： 1. 活动简介； 2. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Green Cooking, Healthy Eating ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Green Cooking, Healthy Eating Last Friday our school held a cooking competition concerning “Green Cooking, Healthy Eating”, aiming to encourage students to cook delicious and healthy dishes using eco-friendly ingredients. The contest was a great success. Many students participated in it. The dishes presented not only tasted delicious but raised the students’ awareness of the importance of a balanced diet and eco-friendly food choices. The team from Class 1 Grade 2 impressed the judges with their innovative use of local organic produce, winning first prize. Everyone was excited about the event. We hope to see more such events in the future! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生给校英语报写一篇新闻报道，报道学校举办的以“绿色厨艺、健康饮食”为主题的厨艺大赛，简要介绍该活动以及活动的反响。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 旨在做某事：aim to do → be intended to do/be meant to do 美味的：delicious → tasty/mouthwatering 意识：awareness → consciousness 兴奋的：excited → thrilled/exhilarated 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：The contest was a great success. Many students participated in it. 拓展句：The contest was a great success, in which many students participated. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The dishes presented not only tasted delicious but raised the students’ awareness of the importance of a balanced diet and eco-friendly food choices. (运用了过去分词作后置定语、not only… but…连接并列结构) 【高分句型2】The team from Class 1 Grade 2 impressed the judges with their innovative use of local organic produce, winning first prize. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On Laura’s birthday she received a music box with $20 from her grandparents, who wanted Laura to get a very special doll (玩偶) chosen by herself. Excited, Laura wanted to buy two dolls — one for her and one for her best friend Becky. The only doll Becky had was the one her sister played with. Becky came to Laura’s home and looked at the music box and the other gifts. “Becky, I’m so excited! With my birthday money I’ll buy two dolls, one for you and one for me. Just think how special that will be,” Laura said. “Well, Laura, I think you should get just one doll, the prettiest one you can find. That’s your birthday money,” replied Becky. “Come on!” said Laura. “Let’s go to the store now.” They found a beautiful baby doll in the toy store. Laura picked up the doll which cost $15 and called it Baby Sue. They agreed that it was the most special of all. “I’m going to put you back in your corner, Baby Sue. But I’ll come back for you,” Laura said. “Why didn’t you buy it, Laura?” asked Becky. “I want to talk to my mom first,” said Laura, with a sparkle (闪耀的光) in her eyes. That night Laura and her mother talked a lot about Baby Sue and Becky. Laura said Becky was too kind to say she’d like a Baby Sue of her own. But she saw eagerness in Becky’s eyes. Becky would love to have a doll of her own. She wished she could give Becky a Baby Sue... but she would like a Baby Sue, too. Laura’s mother told her she would think about it and maybe there would be a solution to the situation. Then they went to bed. Laura could see that her mother had a special surprise sparkle in her eyes the next morning, but Mother didn’t tell her anything. “Let’s check the toy store today,” said Laura when Becky came over to play that afternoon. 注意 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Laura and Becky skipped to the store but found Baby Sue wasn’t there! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Laura’s mother was waiting for them at home with her eyes sparkling. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Laura and Becky skipped to the store but found Baby Sue wasn’t there! “Maybe the shopkeeper moved it. We could look inside,” said Becky. They walked into the store and ran to the doll section. After they searched the shelves up and down, their hearts sank. The doll that had caught their hearts was gone. Laura was in low spirits. “It’s okay, Laura. Maybe we can find another doll that we like next time,” Becky comforted Laura, trying to hide her own disappointment. The two girls walked back to Laura’s house, nearly failing to hold back their tears. Laura’s mother was waiting for them at home with her eyes sparkling. “Girls, I have a surprise for you,” she said, leading them to a corner of the living room. There, wrapped in shiny paper were two identical Baby Sue dolls. Seeing the surprised girls, Mother explained that she had called the store the night before and learned that they had one more in the back. Mother’s smile was like the warm sunshine on winter days. Laura hugged her mother, and then the girls hugged their new dolls. They were grateful for Mother’s thoughtfulness and love. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了Laura在生日时收到音乐盒和20美元，她打算用这些钱给自己和好朋友Becky各买一个玩偶。当她们去商店发现最喜欢玩偶Baby Sue不见时，心情低落。然而，Laura的母亲早已安排好一切，为她们准备了两个一模一样的Baby Sue玩偶作为惊喜的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句“Laura和Becky蹦蹦跳跳地去了商店，但发现Baby Sue玩偶不在那里！”可知，第一段可描写Laura和Becky去商店发现Baby Sue玩偶不见后的失望心情，以及她们尝试寻找其他玩偶但未能如愿的过程。 ②由第二段首句“Laura的母亲眼睛闪闪发光，正在家里等着他们。”可知，第二段可描写Laura的母亲为她们准备的惊喜 —— 两个一模一样的Baby Sue玩偶，以及她们对母亲感激和喜悦的心情。 2.续写线索： 发现玩偶不见——心情低落——尝试寻找其他玩偶——无果而归——母亲准备惊喜——看到两个玩偶——感激母亲 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①心情低落：sink/droop ②抑制：hold back/restrain ③解释：explain/elaborate 情感类： ①失望的：in low spirits/disappointed ②感激的：grateful/ thankful 【点睛】[高分句型 1] The doll that had caught their hearts was gone.（运用了that引导的定语从句，先行词为The doll） [高分句型 2] Seeing the surprised girls, Mother Seeing the surprised girls, Mother explained that she had called the store the night before and learned that they had one more in the back. that she had called the store the night before and learned that they had one more in the back.（运用了seeing现在分词作状语和及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新高三过渡全知识点通关试卷（一） 英语 本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Harvard Summer School study abroad programs seek motivated and independent students who are eager for a unique academic challenge. All programs are selective and have limited register. Who Can Apply To apply, you must: · Be at least 18 years old · Have completed at least one year of college or be a first-year student · Be in good academic standing How To Apply The online application opens on December 2nd, 2024 and the application deadline is January 30th, 2025. Click the “Apply Now” button on the webpage of your program of interest to be directed to the online application. The online application for all programs includes: · Basic personal information · A detailed statement of interest · Your most recent academic record · Program-specific requirements (if applicable, may include letters of recommendation, references, etc.) You may apply to no more than two programs; if applying to two programs you will be asked to rank your two applications in order of preference (first and second choice). Any application submitted in excess of the maximum of two will be automatically withdrawn. The Mignone Center for Career Success (MCCS) offers funding for a limited number of admitted and qualified Harvard College students. If you are a Harvard College student, you will be asked on your Harvard Summer School study abroad application if you would like to be considered funding. Funding selection is by lottery, and award amounts vary by program and financial aid status. 1. Who can apply for the Harvard Summer School study abroad programs? A. An 18-year-old high school senior. B. An 18-year-old college dropout. C. A 17-year-old high school graduate. D. A 19-year-old second-year college student. 2. Which is essential for the online application? A. A photo of the applicant. B. A university admission notice. C. A well-written interest statement. D. A family income statement. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. An academic report. B. An official webpage. C. A travel brochure. D. A magazine article. B Mindful eating doesn’t come naturally to me. I’d developed the habit of doing several things at once, like eating and reading. It felt like dead time not to use the opportunity to kill two birds with one stone. I’ve been guilty of eating a really healthy diet - while barely noticing it. It took an 11-year-old to truly show me what eating mindfully looks like. Many years ago, when my daughter came home after her first day at secondary school, I fired a flow of questions at her: “Did I you make new friends?”, “Were the teachers nice?” Entirely focusing on a cheese sandwich, she looked at me pointedly, “Mummy, I’ll tell you all about it in a bit. I just want to enjoy eating this sandwich quietly.” So I bit my lip and watched her close her eyes, smile and “Mmmm” as she chewed. It was a sharp contrast to how I ate my lunch. We’re so used to reducing time that we’ve downgraded eating to something to be squeezed (挤压) in while we’re doing something else. Our grab-and-go culture encourages eating in a rush — the quicker the better. All too often, we end up wolfing down a few biscuits between calls as something to keep us going. But there’s a huge downside to our disconnected eating. When you don’t fully experience your food, you don’t pay attention to whether you’re hungry or not — or full or not. Our social media feeds are flooded with healthy recipes and there’s no end of focus on the quality of our food. But there’s comparatively little focus on how we eat it — and actually that makes all the difference. So, let’s turn our attention to eating slowly, mindfully and with enjoyment. Here’s a challenge for you: Can you practice eating at least one meal a day without any distractions (分心)? No smartphone, no TV, no radio, no newspaper, no magazines? You might well feel a lot of resistance to it at first ... but keep trying! 4. What was the author’s initial opinion about multitasking while eating? A. It was a waste of time. B. It worked people to death. C. It was an efficient time-using way. D. It dragged people from food enjoyment. 5. What did the author learn from her daughter? A. To fully enjoy simple eating pleasure. B. To maintain independence in growth. C. To effectively balance work and relaxation. D. To prioritize family over personal activities. 6. What does disconnected eating lead to? A. Forgetting being on a diet. B. Being particular about food. C. Addiction to multitask lifestyle. D. Unawareness of hunger and fullness. 7. What message does the author mainly convey? A. Modern lifestyles need big changes. B. Technology has bad impacts on dining habits. C. Enjoying meals attentively enhances well-being. D. Healthy recipes are more important than eating style. C Parents hoping to raise bilingual (说双语的) children have long been given the advice to employ a strict one-parent-one-language approach. However, the findings from Concordia University’s Infant Research Lab indicate that many families in Montreal don’t abide by this model, with both parents frequently using both languages when communicating with their children. “This made sense to us, because there are a lot of adults in Montreal who are actively bilingual,” says Andrea Sander-Montant, lead author of the study. The researchers analyzed data from 300 families taking part in the lab’s research between 2013 and 2020. They identified four main strategies used by the families: one-parent-one-language, both-parents-bilingual, one-parent-bilingual (where one parent uses both languages and the other uses one) and one-language-at-home (where one language is used at home and another one is used outside the home, such as at daycare) . The study found there wasn’t a single strategy that could be singled out as “best” to raise a child bilingually. But when they looked at parents’ language use individually rather than the family’s overall strategy the researchers had an unexpected and striking finding: mothers had up to twice the impact on language exposure compared to fathers. The influence of mothers was particularly clear in heritage-language families. “We think this may be the case because mothers still spend more time at home than fathers. There may also be cultural factors at play; where mothers feel it is their responsibility to transmit (传播) the language,” says Sander-Montant. “This points to a new way of talking about transmitting languages,” says Krista Byers-Heinlein, a professor in the Department of Psychology. “Rather than stressing about using this or that strategy, families can make a calculation of who is spending time with the child and then figure out how the child can receive enough experience in both languages from fluent speakers.” The researchers believe these findings will have a real-world impact for policymakers, health care workers and educators who closely work with and give advice to bilingual families. 8. What does the underlined phrase “abide by” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Follow. B. Perceive. C. Oppose. D. Transform. 9. What is the key factor in leading to the breakthrough of the study? A. Long-held parenting beliefs. B. Conventional language guidelines. C. Individual parental language use. D. Main strategies in bilingual families. 10. Why does the author quote Sander-Montant’s words in paragraph 4? A. To introduce another topic. B. To prove the finding reasonable. C. To highlight the role of mothers. D. To provide essential background. 11. What is Byers-Heinlein’s suggestion for bilingual parents? A. Sending children to bilingual schools. B. Hiring a full-time language teacher. C. Seeking advice from health care professionals. D. Fully exposing kids to both fluent languages. D Confused about AI and worried about what it means for your future and the future of the world? In AI Snake Oil, computer scientists Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor cut through the confusion to give you an essential understanding of how AI works and why it often doesn’t, where it might be useful or harmful, and when you should suspect that companies are using AI hype (炒作) to sell AI snake oil — products that don’t work and probably never will. The authors take direct aim at predictive AI, which is mostly used to make predictions about people. Will a defendant fail to show up for trial? Is a patient at high risk of negative health outcomes? Will a student drop out of college? These predictions are then used to make consequential decisions in criminal justice, health and education. Developers claim predictive AI is groundbreaking, but in reality it fails to live up to the promises made by its developers. The authors argue that while we have made consistent progress in some fields such as weather prediction, many social and individual outcomes are fundamentally unpredictable due to their complexity and the role of chance events. The authors are a bit more generous with generative AI, recognizing its value if used smartly. But in a section titled ‌“Automating bullshit”, the authors note that ChatGPT is shockingly good at sounding convincing on any imaginable topic, but there is no source of truth during training. And the training data can contain false information — the data are mostly Internet text after all. They emphasize that an overreliance on generative AI can discourage critical thinking, the human quality at the very heart of this book. When it comes to why these problems exist and how to change them, Narayanan and Kapoor bring a clear point of view: society has been too polite and respectful to the tech industry. Better regulation is essential. This book is an easy read, providing plenty of useful suggestions that can benefit anyone, whether you make policy decisions, use AI in the workplace or just spend time searching online. 12. What is the book AI Snake Oil intended for? A. Clarifying AI’s actual capacity and limits. B. Erasing people’s fears about their future. C. Correcting errors in using AI tools. D. Introducing the basics of AI. 13. What does the author want to say about predictive AI by raising three questions? A. It can predict human needs. B. It doesn’t work as advertised. C. Its advantages outweigh problems. D. Its developers meet their commitments. 14. What can be inferred about generative AI? A. It is always well-received. B. It is based on reliable data. C. It is actually double-edged. D. It is packed with false orders. 15. What does the author think of the book by Narayanan and Kapoor? A. Vivid and sharp. B. Abstract and simple. C. Plain and heart-warming. D. Practical and straightforward. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sleep is a moving target. When you are at different ages, you have different sleep patterns. How much sleep do you need at the various stages of life? ____16____ Newborns and babies Babies aged 0 to 3 months sleep 14 to 17 hours out of every 24 hours. Babies triple their weight between birth and 1 year old, and it’s during sleep — especially the deep cycle called slow-wave sleep. “____17____ There are a lot of new nervous connections forming and new learning going on,” says Dr. Cai, director of sleep surgery at a medical center. Kids and teens As puberty (青春期) hits, there is a big change. 13-to-18-year-olds need about 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night, but the teens’ sleep schedule shifts. ____18____ “A lot of teenagers have a delayed sleep drive,” Cai says. “That’s why some teens run into problems with early school times, and then they might need to catch up on their sleep during the day when they’re back home. That’s a real problem.” Adults Past the teen years, there is less cognitive growth and it’s more maintenance mode for the body. That’s when the need for sleep falls to 7 or 8 hours a night. Cai says, “The upper airway or the throat is collapsing over the course of the night and people have these micro-awakenings. ____19____ That can lead to poor quality sleep.” Seniors For people 65 and older, the release of melatonin (褪黑素) slows, leading to less and lighter sleep. Age-related physical changes can also have an impact on deep sleep. For people who are having a hard time sleeping the right amount of hours for their age group, Cai says, “____20____ It’s always worthwhile to see a specialist if there are any significant struggles.” A. Why do our requirements shift all the time? B. Consulting a sleep doctor might be advisable. C. Trying some over-the-counter sleep aids might help. D How can we improve our sleep at different stages of life? E. In fact, adding weight is not the only thing they are doing. F. They stop breathing and their body wakes them up to take a breath. G. Their bedtime comes later in the evening and wake-up comes later in the morning. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Most successful people have a “never give up” attitude. This was ____21____ by an 8-year-old cheerleader (啦啦队队长). In a video shared on TikTok, the girl was ____22____ a difficult cheering stunt (特技) during an event organized at Chandler’s Basha High School. She was doing flips (空翻) perfectly, getting ____23____ into the air, and coming down safely into the hands of the supporters. But then, a flip in the air ____24____ a problem. She couldn’t land ____25____ and was close to falling down. At that moment, her coach and another man stepped in to help. This left her ____26____. Thinking she lost heart, her coach said gently, “Honey, it’s just a small ____27____.” But the girl said, “I won’t give up though I’m ____28____.” The coach replied firmly, “Quite right, honey! You’re so ____29____. One failure doesn’t mean anything. Let’s give it one more ____30____.” The crowd in the sports complex, including seniors and school staff present, were ____31____ for the little girl, too. To everyone’s amazement, the little girl ____32____ it this time. All the audience stood up and clapped their hands for her. This ____33____ episode shows that, like many successful individuals, the girl was able to overcome difficulties with the right attitude and the ____34____ of those around her. It’s a powerful reminder that perseverance and encouragement can lead to remarkable ____35____. 21. A. challenged B. demonstrated C. delayed D. analyzed 22. A. selecting B. discussing C. performing D. recording 23. A. carried away B. stepped back C. thrown up D. kept off 24. A. simplified B. avoided C. shared D. caused 25. A. properly B. possibly C. temporarily D. vividly 26. A. in danger B. in charge C. in tears D. in ruins 27. A. action B. accident C. change D. decision 28. A. confused B. scared C. surprised D. annoyed 29. A. honest B. generous C. excited D. talented 30. A. shot B. qualification C. gift D. demand 31. A. rooting B. leaving C. searching D. answering 32. A. believed B. made C. received D. found 33. A. increasing B. easy C. inspiring D. new 34. A. control B. attention C. balance D. support 35. A. ideas B. habits C. dreams D. comebacks 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Dressed in traditional hanfu, Wang Zijun, manager of a coffee shop, elegantly serves steaming coffee and snacks ____36____ customers. The coffee shop lies in the Huizhou ancient town, a popular tourist destination in Shexian County, east China’s Anhui Province. It’s decorated with ____37____ (tradition) calligraphy and colorful fish-shaped lanterns. “The leisurely pace in the Chinese-style coffee shops matches well with the ____38____ (attract) of the old street,” said Wang. The town also introduces visitors to cultural products, martial arts performances and local snacks. Here, a show, based on local history and old tales, attracts the audience because it makes people feel like they’re ____39____ (real) in it. According to Jiang Guangyu, the performance director, a single show attracts ____40____ audience of over 1,800 during the peak season. “Our stories are inspired by local old tales, combining entertainment with cultural preservation,” said Jiang. In Yihuawan Cultural Tourism Town, ____41____ (locate) in Anhui’s Susong County, visitors can hike through jungle-filled valleys, pick fresh fruit and vegetables, and admire seas of flowers ____42____ are in full blossom throughout the year. Since 2023, the town ____43____ (sell) over 1 million flower seedlings. It’s also created more than 400 local jobs, ____44____ (boost) the average annual household income by 6,000 yuan. In the _____45_____ (one) three quarters of 2024, rural tourism across China received about 2.25 billion visits, a year-on-year increase of 15.5 percent, with the total income reaching about 183.7 billion US dollars. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校举办了以“绿色厨艺、健康饮食”为主题厨艺大赛，请给你校英语报写一篇新闻报道。内容包括： 1. 活动简介； 2. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Green Cooking, Healthy Eating ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On Laura’s birthday, she received a music box with $20 from her grandparents, who wanted Laura to get a very special doll (玩偶) chosen by herself. Excited, Laura wanted to buy two dolls — one for her and one for her best friend Becky. The only doll Becky had was the one her sister played with. Becky came to Laura’s home and looked at the music box and the other gifts. “Becky, I’m so excited! With my birthday money I’ll buy two dolls, one for you and one for me. Just think how special that will be,” Laura said. “Well Laura, I think you should get just one doll, the prettiest one you can find. That’s your birthday money,” replied Becky. “Come on!” said Laura. “Let’s go to the store now.” They found a beautiful baby doll in the toy store. Laura picked up the doll which cost $15 and called it Baby Sue. They agreed that it was the most special of all. “I’m going to put you back in your corner, Baby Sue. But I’ll come back for you,” Laura said. “Why didn’t you buy it, Laura?” asked Becky. “I want to talk to my mom first,” said Laura, with a sparkle (闪耀的光) in her eyes. That night Laura and her mother talked a lot about Baby Sue and Becky. Laura said Becky was too kind to say she’d like a Baby Sue of her own. But she saw eagerness in Becky’s eyes. Becky would love to have a doll of her own. She wished she could give Becky a Baby Sue... but she would like a Baby Sue, too. Laura’s mother told her she would think about it and maybe there would be a solution to the situation. Then they went to bed. Laura could see that her mother had a special surprise sparkle in her eyes the next morning, but Mother didn’t tell her anything. “Let’s check the toy store today,” said Laura when Becky came over to play that afternoon. 注意 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Laura and Becky skipped to the store but found Baby Sue wasn’t there! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Laura’s mother was waiting for them at home with her eyes sparkling. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$