专题15 动词时态语态3（将来时）（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题15 动词时态语态3（将来时） ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 一般 将来 时典型用法 【知能解读 02 】 一般将来 进行时典型用法 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 将来完成 时典型用法 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 一般过去时和现在完成时的 误 用 【易混易错 0 2 】 一般过去时和 过去进行 时的 误 用 【易混易错 0 3 】 一般过去时和 过去 完成时的 误 用 【易混易错 0 4 】 一般现在时表示将来 的误用 【易混易错 0 5 】 被动语态和主动语态的误用 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【用法拓展】 高考动词时态语态考情表 ) 01 一般将来时典型用法 1.will/shall do表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。 We shall leave for Beijing next Monday. 我们下周一将动身去北京。 I will help you with your homework this evening. 今晚我会帮你做作业。 用法拓展：注意will do还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律；表示临时性决定或打算，还可以用于“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”中。 Plants will die if they don’t get enough water. 植物如果得不到足够的水分，就会死亡。 Don’t worry about the math problem—I will help you solve it. 别担心这道数学题，我来帮你解决。 Work hard, and you will achieve your goals. 努力工作，你就会实现目标。 2. be going to do也是一般将来时表达方式，表示推测时强调说话有充分依据，尤指天气变化。 Look at those dark clouds—it is going to rain soon. 看那些乌云，马上要下雨了。 3. “be about to+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。 She is about to speak—please be quiet. 她马上要发言了 —— 请安静。 4.“be to+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 The new library is to open to the public next week. 新图书馆定于下周向公众开放。 You are to report to the manager as soon as you arrive. 你一到就必须向经理报到。 5. come, go, leave, start, move, arrive等位置转移的动词现在进行时表将来。 The train is coming in five minutes—hurry up! 火车五分钟后就到了 —— 快点！ She is returning to her hometown next month. 她下个月要回老家。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．—Look! The light is still on at noon. —Sorry. I (go) and turn it off. 2．Close the door of fear behind you, and you (see) the door of faith open before you. 3．If people don’t stop polluting the air, more and more animals and plants (die) out in the future. 4．I (go) to visit China in two months because I’m very interested in China’s history and culture. 5．The plan they paid much attention to (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. 02 一般将来进行时典型用法 将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有by this time tomorrow等等。 At 7 p.m. tomorrow, I will be having dinner with my family. 明天晚上 7 点，我会正和家人吃晚饭。 When you arrive at the party, we will be dancing to the music. 你到派对时，我们会正随着音乐跳舞。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Next weekend at this time, the entire family (gather) at our grandparents’ house, enjoying a delicious homemade meal. 2．You’d better not call Frank, as he (deliver) an important speech at this time tomorrow. 3．I’m not available at three o’clock this Saturday. I (wander) in the park with my daughter, which is a special time for her. 4．Don’t phone me between 8: 00 and 10: 00. We (have) classes then. 5．Mr. Jones can’t participate in our party at 8 o’clock this evening because he a lecture then. (deliver) 01 将来完成时典型用法 1. 一般将来完成时（will have done）表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by, by the end of, by the time…等结构连用。 By next July, I will have lived in this city for 10 years. 到明年 7 月，我就已经在这座城市住了 10 年了。 By the time the concert starts, they will have sold all the tickets. 到音乐会开始时，他们就已经卖完所有门票了。 2. 过去将来完成时（would have done）表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。 He thought they would have arrived in Paris by that time. 他原以为到那时他们已经抵达巴黎了。 If we had started earlier, we would have reached the destination by sunset. 如果我们早点出发，傍晚前就已经到达目的地了。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．By this time of next year, all of you (begin) your own life. 2．I (visit) all 50 U.S. states by my 13th birthday next month, becoming the youngest person ever to do so. 3．If the trend continues, by 2050, the world (lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. 4．By the time he moves to Beijing next week, I (return) his books. 5．She (struggle) with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. 01 一般过去时和现在完成时的误用 例1. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____________ too busy.  A. was               B. had been                      C. would be                    D. would have been 02 一般过去时和过去进行时的误用 例2. She ________ to someone on the phone, so I just nodded to her and went away. A. talked B. has talked C. had talked D. was talking 例3. Mr. Smith ______________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.     A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 03 一般过去时和过去完成时的误用 例4. —Got your driving license? —No. I ______ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week. A. was B. am C. have been D. had been 例5. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’ house? —Not really. She ______________ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. A. was to give B. had given C. was giving D. would give 04 一般现在时表示将来的误用 例6. You’d better write down her phone number before you ________________ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget 例7. He is very busy. I don’t know if he ________________ or not tomorrow. A. come B. comes C. will come D. is coming 05 被动语态和主动语态的误用 例8. —Do you like the material? —Yes, it _____________ very soft. A. is feeling C. feels B. felt D. is felt 例9. —Excuse me, is the book Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now? —Sorry, but it _________ (sell) so well that we don’t have any in store. （单句语法填空） 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Look at the timetable! Hurry up! Flight 4026 (take) off at 18:20. 2．I believe she will have a wonderful time here once she (get) to know everyone else. 3．Caring for the environment is becoming more and more important, because the earth’s natural resources __________ (run) out. 4．In the past they (quarrel) with each other about the education of their children. 5．In the past few years, online learning (become) a significant part of the university and college experience. 高考动词时态语态考情表 卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时（含被动） 2025全国一卷 are revealed; tries 2025全国二卷 is 2025北京卷 are achieved had made, left 2024新课标I卷 walks 2024新课标II卷 were；was built 2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done 2024北京卷 gives was named; joggged 2023新高考II卷 　 wished 　 2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make改为made (can) be employed 2023全国乙卷 　 was amazed 　 2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw 2022新高考I卷 is designed were 　 2022新高考II卷 　 were fixing; threw 　 2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became 　 2022全国乙卷 lives-live; 去have后been addressed 　 2022北京卷 has; has increased 　 　 2021新高考I卷 　 was 　 2021新高考II卷 　 was 　 2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired 　 2021全国乙卷 删去are 　 　 2021北京卷 connects 　 　 2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched 　 2020全国II卷 carries start改为started 　 2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen 2020新高考卷 are called; is formed 　 2019全国I卷 has reported；are 　 　 2019全国II卷 have made declared 　 2019全国III卷 required改为requires recommended；were invited 　 2019北京卷 　 voiced 　 研读历年高考动词时态语态可以发现： 1.动词时态是语法填空题必考点，每份试卷考查1-2次； 2.一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时是三大考查重点； 3.掌握每种动词时态的用法要点及固定句式是核心任务和突破点。 ( 动词时态语态 ( 3 ) 综合能力提升 ) 一、单项填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (go) to visit Beijing, and will not be back until next week. 2．I (tell) him the news when he comes back. 3．Browse through the material, and you (amaze) at the details of it. 4．The more you practise, the better you (speak) English. 5．Jason set a goal that in five years he (show) his works in the top gallery in that area. 6．She was beginning to have dreams of her own and she (will) proceed to action. 7．She said that she (water) the flower the next day but she didn’t. 8．Professor Craig (give) a lecture on British literature this time tomorrow evening. 9．By February next year the foreign expert (be) here on this job for five years. 10．I was caught in a traffic jam for over two hours;otherwise I (keep) you waiting for such a long time. 二、将来时态与语法填空 （2025高三上·全国·专题练习）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has completed construction on the world’s largest array (阵列) of telescopes. It will be pointed directly at the sun 1 (study) how its behavior impacts the Earth. The Daocheng Solar Radio Telescope 2 (locate) in Sichuan Province. Each one has a diameter of 19.7 feet and together they form a circle with a circumference (圆周) of 1.95 miles. The massive arrangement of 3 (science) machinery is set to observe solar activities, which can have 4 negative impact on power networks. “We can forecast whether a solar storm bursts toward the Earth,” Wu Lin, a 5 (design) of Ring Array Solar Radio Imaging Telescope Project, said. “If it breaks out and reaches us, we 6 (be) able to issue early warning to such a solar storm. In this way, we can provide space environment forecasts for normal 7 (operate) of satellites in space and power networks on ground.” The array will begin to operate 8 June 2023, upon completion of further testing. China now has instruments that can observe all levels of the sun, from 9 (it) surface to the outermost atmosphere. Having such a solar observatory in China will also improve data on solar activities 10 are not seen by telescopes in other time zones. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题15 动词时态语态3（将来时） ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 一般 将来 时典型用法 【知能解读 02 】 一般将来 进行时典型用法 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 将来完成 时典型用法 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 一般过去时和现在完成时的 误 用 【易混易错 0 2 】 一般过去时和 过去进行 时的 误 用 【易混易错 0 3 】 一般过去时和 过去 完成时的 误 用 【易混易错 0 4 】 一般现在时表示将来 的误用 【易混易错 0 5 】 被动语态和主动语态的误用 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【用法拓展】 高考动词时态语态考情表 ) 01 一般将来时典型用法 1.will/shall do表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。 We shall leave for Beijing next Monday. 我们下周一将动身去北京。 I will help you with your homework this evening. 今晚我会帮你做作业。 用法拓展：注意will do还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律；表示临时性决定或打算，还可以用于“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”中。 Plants will die if they don’t get enough water. 植物如果得不到足够的水分，就会死亡。 Don’t worry about the math problem—I will help you solve it. 别担心这道数学题，我来帮你解决。 Work hard, and you will achieve your goals. 努力工作，你就会实现目标。 2. be going to do也是一般将来时表达方式，表示推测时强调说话有充分依据，尤指天气变化。 Look at those dark clouds—it is going to rain soon. 看那些乌云，马上要下雨了。 3. “be about to+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。 She is about to speak—please be quiet. 她马上要发言了 —— 请安静。 4.“be to+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 The new library is to open to the public next week. 新图书馆定于下周向公众开放。 You are to report to the manager as soon as you arrive. 你一到就必须向经理报到。 5. come, go, leave, start, move, arrive等位置转移的动词现在进行时表将来。 The train is coming in five minutes—hurry up! 火车五分钟后就到了 —— 快点！ She is returning to her hometown next month. 她下个月要回老家。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．—Look! The light is still on at noon. —Sorry. I (go) and turn it off. 1．will go 解析：考查动词时态。句意：——看！中午灯还亮着。——抱歉。我这就去把它关掉。根据语境可知，“去关灯”是说话人当下决定要做的动作，应用一般将来时，其结构为“will + 动词原形”,所给词 go 为动词，此处用原形即可。故填 will go。    2．Close the door of fear behind you, and you (see) the door of faith open before you. 2．will see 解析：考查时态。句意：将恐惧之门关在身后，你便会发现信念之门在前方为你敞开。本句为“祈使句+and+一般将来时”。故填will see。 3．If people don’t stop polluting the air, more and more animals and plants (die) out in the future. 3．will die 解析：考查时态。句意：如果人们不停止污染空气，未来会有越来越多的动植物灭绝。此空考查谓语动词，主语more and more animals and plants与die为主动关系，句子是由if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则 —— 从句用一般现在时（“don’t stop”），主句需用一般将来时。时间状语in the future也进一步提示主句时态为一般将来时。故填will die。 4．I (go) to visit China in two months because I’m very interested in China’s history and culture. 4．am going 解析：考查时态。句意：两个月后我将前往中国，因为我对中国的历史和文化非常感兴趣。根据后文in two months可知表示将来的动作用一般将来时，主语为I，谓语用am。故填am going。 5．The plan they paid much attention to (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. 5．will be discussed 解析：考查谓语动词。句意：他们非常关注的计划将在明天的会议上讨论。该句中“they paid much attention to”为定语从句修饰主语the plan，此空为谓语动词，主语The plan和动词discuss之间是被动关系，根据时间状语为at tomorrow’s meeting可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be discussed。 02 一般将来进行时典型用法 将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有by this time tomorrow等等。 At 7 p.m. tomorrow, I will be having dinner with my family. 明天晚上 7 点，我会正和家人吃晚饭。 When you arrive at the party, we will be dancing to the music. 你到派对时，我们会正随着音乐跳舞。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Next weekend at this time, the entire family (gather) at our grandparents’ house, enjoying a delicious homemade meal. 1．will be gathering 解析：考查时态。句意：下周末的这个时候，全家人将聚集在我们祖父母家，享受一顿美味的自制大餐。句子描述“下周末这个时间点”（Next weekend at this time）正在发生的动作，强调将来具体时刻的持续状态，需用将来进行时（will be + 现在分词），故填will be gathering。 2．You’d better not call Frank, as he (deliver) an important speech at this time tomorrow. 2．will be delivering 解析：考查时态。句意：你最好不要给弗兰克打电话，因为明天这个时候他将正在发表一个重要的演讲。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语“at this time tomorrow”可知，强调的是在将来的某个具体时间点正在进行的动作，所以应该使用将来进行时。故填will be delivering。 3．I’m not available at three o’clock this Saturday. I (wander) in the park with my daughter, which is a special time for her. 3．will be wandering 解析：考查动词时态。句意：这个星期六三点钟我没空。我会和我的女儿在公园里闲逛，这对她来说是一个特殊的时刻。空处作谓语，根据at three o’clock this Saturday，此句表示将来的某一个时间段内正在发生的动作，用将来进行时will be doing。故填will be wandering。 4．Don’t phone me between 8: 00 and 10: 00. We (have) classes then. 4．will be having 解析：考查时态。句意：八点到十点之间不要给我打电话，那时我正在上课。由“Don’t phone me between 8: 00 and 10: 00”和“then”可知，此处表示将来某一时间正在做某事，应用将来进行时will be doing，故填will be having。 5．Mr. Jones can’t participate in our party at 8 o’clock this evening because he a lecture then. (deliver) 5．will be delivering 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：琼斯先生今晚8点不能参加我们的晚会，因为那时他要发表演讲。设空处是because引导的原因状语从句的谓语动词，结合句中的in our party at 8 o’clock this evening以及then为将来进行时的时间标志，表示动作在未来的某一刻正在发生。故填will be delivering。 01 将来完成时典型用法 1. 一般将来完成时（will have done）表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by, by the end of, by the time…等结构连用。 By next July, I will have lived in this city for 10 years. 到明年 7 月，我就已经在这座城市住了 10 年了。 By the time the concert starts, they will have sold all the tickets. 到音乐会开始时，他们就已经卖完所有门票了。 2. 过去将来完成时（would have done）表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。 He thought they would have arrived in Paris by that time. 他原以为到那时他们已经抵达巴黎了。 If we had started earlier, we would have reached the destination by sunset. 如果我们早点出发，傍晚前就已经到达目的地了。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．By this time of next year, all of you (begin) your own life. 1．will have begun 解析：考查动词时态。句意：到明年这个时候，你们所有人都将开始自己的生活。分析句子结构可知，动词begin“开始”为谓语动词，应该使用将来完成时will have done，因为语法规则规定by+时间作时间状语时，谓语动词使用完成时，本句时间状语为By this time of next year，即by+将来时间。故填will have begun。 2．I (visit) all 50 U.S. states by my 13th birthday next month, becoming the youngest person ever to do so. 2．will have visited 解析：考查时态。句意：到下个月我13岁生日时，我将访问美国所有50个州，成为有史以来访问过美国50个州的最年轻的人。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，又根据by my 13th birthday next month可知，by+将来的时间，时态用将来完成时，故填will have visited。 3．If the trend continues, by 2050, the world (lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. 3．will have lost 解析：考查时态。句意：如果这一趋势继续下去，到2050年，世界将失去三分之二的脊椎动物的生物多样性。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语by 2050，可知表示对将来造成的影响，所以用将来完成时，故填will have lost。 4．By the time he moves to Beijing next week, I (return) his books. 4．will have returned 解析：考查时态。句意：到他下周搬到北京的时候，我将已经把他的书还给他了。根据上文By the time he moves to Beijing next week可知表示在将来某一时间之前完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响，应用将来完成时。故填will have returned。 5．She (struggle) with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. 5．would have struggled 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有贝利的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语使用would+ have + 过去分词形式，故填would have struggled。 01 一般过去时和现在完成时的误用 例1. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____________ too busy.  A. was               B. had been                      C. would be                    D. would have been 【错因分析】此题容易误选B或D，认为前句用了had hoped，这里是表示＂我本来希望去车站为她送行的，但是我太忙了＂，忙是过去的一个事实，而B是过去完成时，表示过去的过去发生的动作；D项的＂would have been＂是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是＂本来会做＂，均与语境不符，所以此处不能选B或D。 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】前一句谓语用的是had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为＂本想＂，而后一句说＂我太忙＂，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。 02 一般过去时和过去进行时的误用 例2. She ________ to someone on the phone, so I just nodded to her and went away. A. talked B. has talked C. had talked D. was talking 【错因分析】有些考生看到nodded就马上想到要用一般过去时，于是误选A。根据句意可知，这里表示我看到她的时候，打电话这一动作正在进行，因此要用过去进行时。 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查时态。句意：她正在和别人通电话，所以我只是向她点点头就走了。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，所以用过去进行时态，故选D。 例3. Mr. Smith ______________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.     A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 【参考答案】D 【错因分析】有的同学可能由于受last year的影响而误选 B，但若选B，则句子前半部分的意思则变成了＂史密斯先生去年写了一本书＂，既然是＂写了＂，那么这与下文的＂但我不知道他现在是否写完了＂相矛盾。 【试题解析】全句意为＂史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了＂。由but I don’t know whether he has finished it这一句话的语境可知，只知道在写，但是不知道是否已经写完，因此要用过去进行时态。 03 一般过去时和过去完成时的误用 例4. —Got your driving license? —No. I ______ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week. A. was B. am C. have been D. had been 【错因分析】问句中Got your driving license? 为Have you got your driving license? 的省略表达，该句对选项无影响。决定选项动词时态的是答句中的so I didn’t take the driving test last week，分析句意可知，动作发生在后一动作之前，表示过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：——拿到你的驾照了吗？——没有。我太忙了而不能有足够的练习，因此我上周没有参加驾照考试。结合语境可知，busy这一动作发生在didn’t take the driving test，表示过去的过去要用过去完成时。 例5. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’ house? —Not really. She ______________ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. A. was to give B. had given C. was giving D. would give 【错因分析】一些考生可能会在做本题时，看到were able to就想当然地认为这里应该用一般过去时，在分析了语境之后，我们可以知道give发生在过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时。 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：——你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么？——不会。她告诉我们很清晰的方向，并且我们很容易就找到了。根据题干可知，安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前，因此，发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。故选B。 04 一般现在时表示将来的误用 例6. You’d better write down her phone number before you ________________ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget 【错因分析】此题考生易误选D项，认为forget根据语境可以知道是将来可能会发生的动作，因此要用一般将来时，而忽略了时间状语从句中＂主将从现＂这一原则。 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：你最好记下电话号码以免忘记。before引导一个表示＂将来＂的时间状语从句。英语的时间状语从句中不用will do，排除D项；B项表示＂据安排或计划近期要做某事＂；C项表示＂过去＂。     例7. He is very busy. I don’t know if he ________________ or not tomorrow. A. come B. comes C. will come D. is coming 【错因分析】此题容易误选 B，认为if引导的是条件状语从句，从句谓语要遵循＂主将从现＂原则，即要用一般现在时表示将来意义。其实，句中 if引导的不是条件状语从句（即 if≠如果），而是宾语从句（即 if＝是否）。 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：他很忙，我不知道明天他是否会来。if在此表示＂是否＂，引导的是宾语从句，结合语境可知，come是将来发生的动作，因此要用一般将来时。 05 被动语态和主动语态的误用 例8. —Do you like the material? —Yes, it _____________ very soft. A. is feeling C. feels B. felt D. is felt 【错因分析】此题容易误选 D，想当然地根据＂这布料摸起来很柔软＂这一句意，认为＂布料＂应是＂被摸＂，所以feel选用了被动语态。 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】因为feel在此为连系动词，而连系动词均为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味，但要用主动形式表示被动含义。 例9. —Excuse me, is the book Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now? —Sorry, but it _________ (sell) so well that we don’t have any in store. （单句语法填空） 【错因分析】本题易误填is sold。 【参考答案】sells 【试题解析】句意：——玛格丽特﹒米切尔写的《飘》现在有货吗？——对不起，它那么畅销，我们没有任何存货了。sell在此处意为＂卖得……＂，sell well表示＂畅销＂，不能用于被动语态。 【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Look at the timetable! Hurry up! Flight 4026 (take) off at 18:20. 1．takes 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：看时刻表！快点！4026航班18:20起飞。根据句意和“Look at the timetable!”可知，此处表示按时刻表将要发生的动作，应用一般现在时表将来，主语“Flight 4026”为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。 2．I believe she will have a wonderful time here once she (get) to know everyone else. 2．gets 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我相信，一旦她认识了其他所有人，她在这里会过得很愉快。once引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为she，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填gets。 3．Caring for the environment is becoming more and more important, because the earth’s natural resources __________ (run) out. 3．are running 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：关心环境变得越来越重要，因为地球的自然资源就要耗尽了。由“the earth’s natural resources”可知，句子表示“关心环境变得越来越重要，因为地球的自然资源就要耗尽了”，run out用现在进行时表示将来，主语resources是复数，因此空格处是are running。 4．In the past they (quarrel) with each other about the education of their children. 4．quarreled/quarrelled 解析：考查动词时态。句意：过去他们常为孩子的教育问题而争吵。根据时间状语In the past可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式quarreled/quarrelled。故填quarreled/quarrelled。 5．In the past few years, online learning (become) a significant part of the university and college experience. 5．has become 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学和学院体验中一个重要的部分。根据时间状语In the past few years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语online learning是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has become。 高考动词时态语态考情表 卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时（含被动） 2025全国一卷 are revealed; tries 2025全国二卷 is 2025北京卷 are achieved had made, left 2024新课标I卷 walks 2024新课标II卷 were；was built 2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done 2024北京卷 gives was named; joggged 2023新高考II卷 　 wished 　 2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make改为made (can) be employed 2023全国乙卷 　 was amazed 　 2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw 2022新高考I卷 is designed were 　 2022新高考II卷 　 were fixing; threw 　 2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became 　 2022全国乙卷 lives-live; 去have后been addressed 　 2022北京卷 has; has increased 　 　 2021新高考I卷 　 was 　 2021新高考II卷 　 was 　 2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired 　 2021全国乙卷 删去are 　 　 2021北京卷 connects 　 　 2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched 　 2020全国II卷 carries start改为started 　 2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen 2020新高考卷 are called; is formed 　 2019全国I卷 has reported；are 　 　 2019全国II卷 have made declared 　 2019全国III卷 required改为requires recommended；were invited 　 2019北京卷 　 voiced 　 研读历年高考动词时态语态可以发现： 1.动词时态是语法填空题必考点，每份试卷考查1-2次； 2.一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时是三大考查重点； 3.掌握每种动词时态的用法要点及固定句式是核心任务和突破点。 ( 动词时态语态 ( 3 ) 综合能力提升 ) 一、单项填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (go) to visit Beijing, and will not be back until next week. 1．has gone/is going 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯博士和他的妻子、女儿们到北京去了/要去北京，要到下星期才能回来。根据句意及“will not be back until next week”可知，此处可指“史密斯博士和他的妻子、女儿们到北京去了”，使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响；也可理解为“史密斯博士和他的妻子、女儿们要去北京”，使用一般将来时，together with连接并列主语时谓语遵循“就前原则”，主语中心词是Dr. Smith，表单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has gone/is going。 2．I (tell) him the news when he comes back. 2．will tell 解析：考查动词时态。句意：当他回来时，我会告诉他这个消息。分析句子结构可知，when 引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。所给词 tell 为动词，其一般将来时形式为 will tell。故填 will tell。 3．Browse through the material, and you (amaze) at the details of it. 3．will be amazed 解析：考查形容词以及时态。句意：浏览这些材料，你会对它的细节感到惊讶。分析句子可知，设空处是并列句中后半部分的谓语，前半句是祈使句，此处应使用一般将来时，此处表示“感到惊讶”需要形容词amazed充当表语，构成固定短语be amazed at“对……感到惊讶”，故填will be amazed。 4．The more you practise, the better you (speak) English. 4．will speak 解析：考查动词时态。句意：你练习得越多，你的英语说得就越好。speak(说)是句中谓语动词，与主语you之间是主动关系，结合句意，描述将来可能发生的事情，用一般将来时态will speak。故填will speak。 5．Jason set a goal that in five years he (show) his works in the top gallery in that area. 5．would show 解析：考查时态。句意：贾森给自己设定了一个目标：五年后，他要在该地区的顶级画廊里展出自己的作品。设空处在that引导的同位语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语动词的时态和时间状语in five years可知，此处表示从过去的某个时间点出发，对未来的预期或希望，应用过去将来时。故填would show。 6．She was beginning to have dreams of her own and she (will) proceed to action. 6．would 解析：考查时态。句意：她开始有了自己的梦想，并且打算付诸行动。根据前文“was beginning” 可知，句子描述的是过去的情境。这里表达她过去打算着手行动，用过去将来时“would + 动词原形”的结构。因此，空处应填would。故填would。 7．She said that she (water) the flower the next day but she didn’t. 7．would water 解析：考查时态。句意：她说她第二天会给花浇水，但她没有。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语the next day可知，宾语从句的时态应为过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，结构为“would+动词原形”。故填would water。 8．Professor Craig (give) a lecture on British literature this time tomorrow evening. 8．will be giving 解析：考查动词时态。句意：克雷格教授明天晚上这个时候将做一个关于英国文学的讲座。根据后文this time tomorrow evening可知，表示将来某个时刻将要进行，用将来进行时。故填will be giving。 9．By February next year the foreign expert (be) here on this job for five years. 9．will have been 解析：考查将来完成时。句意：到明年二月份，这个外国专家将在这儿做这项工作5年了。由“By February next year” 可知，空处应填will have been。 将来完成时表示在将来某个时间将会完成的动作，往往与表示将来的时间状语连用。故填will have been。 10．I was caught in a traffic jam for over two hours;otherwise I (keep) you waiting for such a long time. 10．would not have kept 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我（在路上）被堵了两个多小时，要不然我不会让你等这么长时间的。根据otherwise可知，前一句是客观事实，后一句需用虚拟语气，且结合前句时态可知此处是对过去的虚拟，故谓语动词应用would have done形式；且根据句意这里应填 would not have kept。 二、将来时态与语法填空 （2025高三上·全国·专题练习）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has completed construction on the world’s largest array (阵列) of telescopes. It will be pointed directly at the sun 1 (study) how its behavior impacts the Earth. The Daocheng Solar Radio Telescope 2 (locate) in Sichuan Province. Each one has a diameter of 19.7 feet and together they form a circle with a circumference (圆周) of 1.95 miles. The massive arrangement of 3 (science) machinery is set to observe solar activities, which can have 4 negative impact on power networks. “We can forecast whether a solar storm bursts toward the Earth,” Wu Lin, a 5 (design) of Ring Array Solar Radio Imaging Telescope Project, said. “If it breaks out and reaches us, we 6 (be) able to issue early warning to such a solar storm. In this way, we can provide space environment forecasts for normal 7 (operate) of satellites in space and power networks on ground.” The array will begin to operate 8 June 2023, upon completion of further testing. China now has instruments that can observe all levels of the sun, from 9 (it) surface to the outermost atmosphere. Having such a solar observatory in China will also improve data on solar activities 10 are not seen by telescopes in other time zones. 【答案】 1．to study 2．is located 3．scientific 4．a 5．designer 6．will be 7．operation 8．in 9．its 10．that/which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了中国建成的世界上最大的望远镜阵列，该阵列将直接对准太阳以研究太阳行为对地球的影响，其中包括位于四川省的稻城太阳射电望远镜，以及该望远镜阵列可以为卫星和电网提供空间环境预报等功能。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将被直接对准太阳，以研究太阳的行为如何影响地球。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词will be pointed，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词study与逻辑主语it之间为主动关系，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to study。 2．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：稻城太阳射电望远镜位于四川省。设空处为句子谓语动词，主语与动词locate之间为被动关系，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is located。 3．考查形容词。句意：这些科学仪器的庞大排列是用来观测太阳活动的，太阳活动会对电网产生负面影响。设空处修饰名词machinery，应用形容词scientific作定语。故填scientific。 4．考查冠词。句意：同上。have an impact on为固定短语，表示“对……有影响”，impact为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且negative为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 5．考查名词。句意：“我们可以预测太阳风暴是否会爆发并向地球袭来，”环形阵列太阳射电成像望远镜项目的设计师吴林说。根据上文Wu Lin可知，此处指“设计师”，应用名词designer，此处为单数名词作同位语，表特指。故填designer。 6．考查动词时态。句意：如果它爆发并到达我们这里，我们将能够对这样的太阳风暴发出早期预警。根据上文If it breaks out and reaches us可知，为条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句应用一般将来时，主语为we，谓语应用复数形式。故填will be。 7．考查名词。句意：这样，我们就可以为卫星在太空中的正常运行和地面的电网提供空间环境预报。根据上文normal可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，operate的名词形式为operation，表示“操作；运营”，此处为不可数名词。故填operation。 8．考查介词。句意：该阵列将在完成进一步测试后，于2023年6月开始运行。根据后文June 2023可知，此处指“在2023年6月”，应用介词in。故填in。 9．考查代词。句意：中国现在有仪器可以观测太阳的所有层次，从太阳表面到最外层大气。根据后文surface可知，此处指“太阳的表面”，应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词surface。故填its。 10．考查定语从句。句意：在中国拥有这样的太阳观测站，还将改善在其他时区望远镜无法观测到的太阳活动的数据。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词solar activities，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 15 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$