Unit 6 The Media （知识清单）英语北师大版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 6 The Media 一、词汇清单 单词 1. alternative adj. 可替代的；另外的 n. 可供选择的事物 2. available adj. 可获得的，可用的；有空的 3. beauty n. 美人；美丽；美感 4. boost n. 增长vt. 促进，推动 5. budget n. 预算vi.& vt. 把…… 编入预算 6. broadcast n. 广播节目；电视节目vi.& vt. 广播；播送 7. candidate n. 候选人；考生 8. classic adj. 经典的n. 名著；经典作品 9. complicated adj. 难懂的；复杂的 10. creature n. 生物；动物 11. debate n．& vi.& vt. 讨论，辩论 12. diverse adj. 各种各样的 13. dismiss vt. 否定 14. generate vt. 产生，创造 15. genuinely adv. 真正地 16. link vt. 把…… 联系起来n. 联系，关联 17. pessimistic adj. 悲观的 18. proof n. 证明 19. profit n. 利润，收益，盈利 20. purchase vt. 购买n. 购买 (物) 21. spot n. 地点 22. sponsor vt. 赞助，资助；为…… 担保n. 赞助商；资助者 23. theme n. 主题 24. trap vt. 困住，使陷入危险中 25. welfare n. 幸福，健康；福利 26. witness vt. 亲身经历；目击n. 目击者；证人 短语 1.a number of 许多 2..at times 有时候 3. be suitable for 适合 4. be trapped in 被困于 5. catch up on 得到……消息 6. consist of 由……构成 7. figure out 解决，想出 8. have an impact on 对……有影响 9. hold the attention of 引起……的关注 10. leave out 遗漏 11. on alert 警戒，随时准备着 12. on the spot 在现场 13. participate in 参加 14. spring to mind 使人突然想起 15. stand out 突出，显眼 16. wean oneself off 使……摆脱/戒掉 17. got involved in 卷入 熟词生义 1. flow n. 流；流动；流畅 vi. 流；流动；涌流 2. current n. 水流；气流；电流 adj. 当前的；现在的 3. drift n. 漂流；漂移；趋势 vi. 漂流；漂移；缓慢移动 4. pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；倾泻；涌流 n. 倾泻；涌出 5. drain n. 下水道；排水管；消耗 vi.& vt. 排走；流走；耗尽 句型 1．疑问词＋to do ...it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out． 2．too ...to ...“太…… 而不能……” Some books are just too difficult to be adapted for technical reasons, although films like The Life of Pi are changing this idea. 3．where 引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词 At other times they are not, and there are instances where writers have been very unsatisfied with the film versions of their work ... 4．部分否定 However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. 5.as+ adj./adv.+as In fact,in the world of advertisements,such content is as old as advertising itself. 语法 It 用法 二、知识点精讲 1．acknowledge vt.承认 (1)acknowledge...to be/as ...承认……是/为…… acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事 acknowledge that... 承认…… It is acknowledged that ...……是大家公认的 (2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 【佳句】Lu Xun，acknowledged as one of the greatest modern writers in China，was born in Shaoxing，Zhejiang Province. 鲁迅出生于浙江绍兴，被公认为中国最伟大的现代作家之一。(应用文之人物介绍) 【点津】此外acknowledge还有“vt.(通过信函或邮件等)确认收悉；(公开)感谢”的含义。 练透——单句语法填空/语境辨义 ①Tom acknowledged being defeated/having been defeated(defeat)in the English speech competition，which made us quite depressed. ②I acknowledge my English teacher，without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. vt. 感谢 应用文写作之祝贺信 ③世界公认，第24届北京2022年冬奥会是成功的。 It is universally acknowledged that the 24th Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a success. 2．alternative adj.可替代的；另外的 n．可供选择的事物 an alternative to... ……的替代物(to是介词) have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事 【佳句】Burning fuels can be harmful to the environment. That's why people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources. 燃烧燃料可能对环境有害。这就是为什么人们正在推动使用替代能源的原因。(应用文之演讲稿) 【点津】 “别无选择只好做……”的表达形式： (1)have no choice but to do sth (2)can't do sth but do sth 练透——单句语法填空 ①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating(communicate)with others. ②Never in her wildest dream had she thought that she would run into such serious trouble.However, she had no alternative but to pace(pace) back and forth in the forest. 同义句转换 ③Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes，in order to succeed，we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it. →Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes，in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it. 3．witness vt.亲身经历；目击 n．目击者；证人 (1)witness sth/that ...目击…… witness to (doing) sth 证实/证明(做)某事 (2)witness of/to sth 某事/物的目击者/见证人/证明/证据 【佳句】Witnessing her poor children and the suffering animal, Mr.Grant stretched out her hand, stroking them and wiping off theirs tear. 看到她可怜的孩子和受苦的动物，格兰特先生伸出她的手，抚摸他们，擦去他们的眼泪。(读后续写之动作描写) 练透——单句语法填空/语境辨义 ①These art works bear witness to the creativeness of the Chinese people. ②What the police did first was to question all the witnesses involved in the accident last week. n. 目击者 应用文写作之环境污染 ③众所周知，近年来空气污染日益严重，引起了我们的极大关注。 As is known to us all, recent years witnesses the increasingly serious air pollution, which has caused our great attention. 4．spot n．地点 (1)spot sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with 散布；点缀 (2)on the spot 当场；立刻；在现场 put sb on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 【佳句】They chose a new spot and began again. 他们选择了一个新的地点，重新开始。 【点津】此外spot还有“n.处所；斑点；污迹 vt.看见；注意到；发现”的含义。 练透——单句语法填空 ①It was by accident that I spotted a tailor with broad shoulders shouting(shout)to two servants in a rude manner. ②He asked me how old I was in front of the whole office, which really put me on the spot. 应用文写作之通知 ③它将涵盖许多有用的中文学习技能。讲座结束后，刘老师将现场回答大家的提问。 It will cover many useful Chinese­learning skills. After the lecture, Mr. Liu will answer your questions on the spot． 5．competitive adj.竞争性强的，有竞争力的 (1)compete vi. 比赛；竞争 compete in 参加(比赛，竞争) compete for... 为……而竞争 compete with/against sb (for...) (为……)与……对抗/竞争 (2)competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 【佳句】Though this was a competitive race，what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race. 虽然这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但真正重要的不是冠军的头衔，而是参赛者在比赛中表现出的决心。(应用文之建议信) 练透——单句语法填空 ①We can compete with students from other schools in debate contests or speech contests. ②As the youngest competitor(compete)，John will compete in the writing contest against others for the annual award of writing. 应用文写作之祝贺信 ③你成为这次比赛的冠军，真是个好消息。 It is really good news that you became champion of this competition． 6．combine vi.&vt.(使)结合，(使)组合 (1)combine with...与……结合 combine...with... 把……与……结合起来 (2)combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物) in combination with... 与……联合起来 【佳句】The beautiful scenery, combined with lovely weather and delicious food，made our visit to Qingdao pleasant and unforgettable. 美丽的风景，宜人的天气和美味的食物，使我们的青岛之行愉快而难忘。(应用文之旅游) 练透——单句语法填空 ①I do hope you will come to China to have a nice trip where you can witness in person the perfect combination(combine) of culture and nature. ②Performers wearing traditional Hanfu clothing will present the unique styles and attractions combined with classical folk dance. 同义句转换 将句②用combination改写 ③Performers wearing traditional Hanfu clothing will present the unique styles and attractions in combination with classical folk dance. 7．anticipate vt.预期，预料 (1)anticipate doing sth 预期做某事；期待做某事 anticipate that ... 预期……；期待…… (2)anticipation n. 预料，预期，期望 do sth in anticipation of sth因预料到某事而做某事 【佳句】Without hesitation, she headed for the swimming pool with a brilliant smile, anticipating the championship. 她毫不犹豫地微笑着走向游泳池，期待着冠军的到来。(读后续写之喜悦) 练透——单句语法填空 ①Contrary to my anticipation(anticipate), the teacher didn't blame me for dishonesty in the exam at all. ②Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated(anticipate). 一句多译 男孩们非常兴奋，他在房子里跑来跑去，期待着这一天的活动。 ③The boys were so excited that he ran around the house in anticipation of the day's events.(anticipation) ④The boys were so excited that he ran around the house anticipating the day's events．(anticipate) 8．participate vi. 参加，参与 (1)participate in参加 (2)participant n. 参加者 participation n. 参与；参加 【佳句】Knowing that you are really into Chinese culture, I'm writing to advise you to participate in a Chinese Reading Contest. 得知你对中国文化很感兴趣，我写信建议你参加中文阅读比赛。(建议信) [联想]“参加”表达还有： take part in；join in 练透——单句语法填空 ①A speech contest was held first, in which the participants(participate) shared their understanding of this special day. ②In order to increase participation(participate)in outdoor activities，our school organized an activity—climbing the Mountain Tai on September 10. 词汇升级 ③I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more readers will join in the interaction and share their own stories. →I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more readers will participate in the interaction and share their own stories. 9．transform vt. 使转化，使改观 (1)transform...into...把……变成…… transform sb/sth from... 把某人/某物 从……中转变 (2)transformation n. 转化；变换；变化 【佳句】As we all know，Artificial Intelligence is rapidly transforming our daily life. 众所周知，人工智能正快速地改变我们的日常生活。(应用文之科学技术) 练透——单句语法填空 ①The past ten years has witnessed a great transformation(transform)of my hometown. ②It was the selfless love and dependence from Otto that was transformed into the most powerful drug to cure my mom's physical illness. 词汇升级 ③Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. →Your generous help and tender care transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. 10．fault n．缺点，缺陷；责任，过错 (1)find fault with对……吹毛求疵；挑毛病 be at fault 有错；有责任 be one's fault 是某人的过错 (2)faulty adj. 有错误的，有缺点的 【佳句】As a matter of fact，it was my fault.So I must make an apology to you. 事实上，这是我的错。所以我必须向你道歉。(应用文之道歉信) 练透——单句语法填空 ①It is better to make an apology, even though the company is not at fault. ②He likes to find fault with other people，which makes them very unhappy. 读后续写之羞愧 ③Ruby低下了头，她感到非常后悔和羞愧，因为她意识到是自己的错让他们陷入了这样的境地。 Hanging her head down, Ruby felt so regretful and shameful that she realized it was her fault that put them into this situation． 11．consist of 由……构成 (1)be made up of由……组成 be composed of 由……组成 (2)consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于 consist with 与……一致/相符 【佳句】The exhibition consists of dozens of masterpieces painted by Chinese famous artists, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and etc. 这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰作，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等。(应用文之邀请信) 【点津】 consist of；belong to；come into being等几个短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。 练透——单句语法填空 ①The short film，consisting(consist) of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school. ②As we all know，the beauty of Mount Tai consists in charming scenery and rich culture. 句式升级 用定语从句改写句① ③The short film，which consists of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school. 3、 语法清单 认识it 在高考英语中，“it”是一个高频考点，用法灵活多样，主要涉及代词、形式主语、形式宾语、强调句等核心用法。 it 用法总表 【精讲·语法知识】 一、作人称代词，指代前文提到的事物、动物或上文情况 （1）指代单数可数名词或不可数名词（避免重复）： My watch is missing. I can’t find it anywhere.（指代前文的“watch”） The weather here is terrible, but it might get better tomorrow.（指代“weather”） （2）指代前文提到的情况或事件： He said he would come, but it turned out that he was busy.（指代“他说会来”这件事） 二、作非人称代词，指代时间、天气、距离、环境等 （1）指时间： It is 8 o’clock now. （2）指天气： It is raining heavily outside. （3）指距离： It is 10 kilometers from my home to school. （4）指环境/情况： It is quiet in the countryside. 三、作形式主语，代替真正的主语（不定式、动名词或从句） 当主语是不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）或从句（主语从句）时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用“it”作形式主语，将真正的主语后置。 （1） 代替不定式（to do）作主语 It is important to learn English well.（真正主语：to learn English well） It takes me an hour to get to school every day.（固定句型：It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.） （2） 代替动名词（doing）作主语 It is no use crying over spilt milk.（覆水难收，真正主语：crying over spilt milk） （3）代替主语从句作主语 It is clear that he will win the game.（真正主语：that he will win the game） It remains a question whether we can finish the task on time.（真正主语：whether we can finish the task on time） 常见句型： ①It is a pity/shame that...真可惜…… ②It is no wonder that...难怪…… ③It seems/appears that...似乎/看来…… ④It looks/seems as if/as though...看起来好像…… ⑤It happens that...碰巧…… ⑥It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起…… ⑦It is said/reported that...据说/据报道…… ⑧It is certain that...……是一定的 ⑨It is no use/good doing...做……没有用/好处 ⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间 四、作形式宾语，代替真正的宾语（不定式、动名词或从句） 当宾语是不定式、动名词或从句，且宾语后有宾语补足语时，常用“it”作形式宾语，将真正的宾语后置，结构为： 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语补足语 + 真正宾语 I find it easy to solve this problem.（真正宾语：to solve this problem；宾补：easy） He made it clear that he would not change his mind.（真正宾语：that从句；宾补：clear） We think it no good wasting time.（真正宾语：wasting time；宾补：no good） 常见句型： ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time/money/energy/...＋doing... 五、用于强调句（强调句型） 基本结构： It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分 强调句的核心是突出句子中的某个成分（主语、宾语、状语等）； 被强调部分是人时，可用“who”或“that”；强调其他成分（时间、地点、原因等）时，只能用“that”； 去掉“it is/was...that/who”后，句子仍完整通顺。 例句： I met Mary in the park yesterday.（原句） → It was I that/who met Mary in the park yesterday.（强调主语） → It was Mary that I met in the park yesterday.（强调宾语） → It was in the park that I met Mary yesterday.（强调地点状语） → It was yesterday that I met Mary in the park.（强调时间状语） 六、用于某些固定句型或习语中 1. It’s + 时间 + since从句（自从……以来多久了） It’s three years since I left my hometown. 2. It’s + 时间 + before从句（过了多久才……） It will be two hours before the train arrives. 3. It’s (about/high) time + (that) 从句（该做某事了，从句用过去时表虚拟） It’s high time we started our work. 4. It seems/appears/happens + that从句（似乎/碰巧……） It seems that he knows the truth. 5. It doesn’t matter + 疑问词从句（……没关系） It doesn’t matter when you will come. 七、高考常见误区提醒 （1） 区分强调句与定语从句： 强调句中“it is/was...that”去掉后句子完整；定语从句中“it”是先行词，去掉后句子不完整。 例：It is the house where I lived 10 years ago.（定语从句，where指代house，去掉it is...后“the house I lived 10 years ago”不完整） 例：It is in the house that I lived 10 years ago.（强调句，去掉it is...that后“I lived in the house 10 years ago”完整） （2）形式主语与形式宾语的判断： 形式主语位于句首，代替后置的主语；形式宾语位于谓语动词后，代替后置的宾语，且后接宾补。 掌握“it”的用法需结合具体语境，重点区分形式主/宾语、强调句与其他句型的差异，通过真题练习加深理解，避免混淆。 【经典练】 1. It is reported that ______ will take at least three years to complete the project. （答案：it 考点：形式主语，代替不定式“to complete the project”） 2. The book is very interesting, so I want to read ______ again. （答案：it 考点：人称代词，指代前文的“the book”） 3. ______ was in the street that I met my old friend yesterday. （答案：It 考点：强调句，强调地点状语“in the street”） 4. I find ______ important to practice speaking English every day. （答案：it 考点：形式宾语，代替真正宾语“to practice...”，后接宾补“important”） 5. ______ seems that she has known the truth about the accident. （答案：It 考点：固定句型“It seems that...”） 6. The weather here is nice, but ______ will turn cold next week. （答案：it 考点：非人称代词，指代“weather”） 7. ______ is no use arguing with him—he never changes his mind. （答案：It 考点：形式主语，代替动名词“arguing with him”） 8. It’s three years ______ we last saw each other. （答案：since 考点：固定句型“It’s + 时间 + since从句”） 9. He made ______ clear that he would not attend the meeting. （答案：it 考点：形式宾语，代替真正宾语“that从句”，后接宾补“clear”） 10. ______ doesn’t matter whether you agree with me or not. （答案：It 考点：固定句型“It doesn’t matter + 疑问词从句”） 11. ______ was Tom who helped me out of trouble last week. （答案：It 考点：强调句，强调主语“Tom”，可用“who”） 12. It will be a long time ______ we meet again. （答案：before 考点：固定句型“It will be + 时间 + before从句”） 13. The distance from my home to school is 5 kilometers, and ______ takes me 10 minutes to walk there. （答案：it 考点：形式主语，代替不定式“to walk there”） 14. It’s high time that we ______ (start) preparing for the exam. （答案：started 考点：固定句型“It’s high time + that从句”，从句用过去时表虚拟） 15. She said she would come, but ______ turned out that she was busy. （答案：it 考点：人称代词，指代前文“she would come”这件事） 一、核心知识运用 1.(2022・全国乙卷) There are alternatives to constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. 2.(2022・全国乙卷) Maybe it is because of the___combination___ (combine) of fresh air，smooth movement and exercise. 3.(2022・新高考 Ⅱ 卷) The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. 4.(2022・浙江 1 月卷) Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive (compete) and extremely serious fellow. 5.(2022・全国乙卷) By using the latest technologies，drones could also start providing higher­value services for railways，detecting faults (fault) in the rail or switches，before they can cause any safety problems. 6.Researchers are working hard to adapt (adapt) this new technology to practical use. 7.His efforts in promoting cultural exchange deserve our acknowledgement (acknowledge). 8.There is no definite (definite) answer to whether online education is better than traditional education. 9.The beautiful scenery of the lake never fails to attract (attract) visitors from all over the world. 10.This kind of plant is not suitable (suit) for growing in cold climates. 二、小试牛刀 1.The teacher asked the students to discuss which book to choose as extracurricular reading materials (讨论该选哪本书作为课外阅读材料). (疑问词＋to do) 2.The math problem is too difficult for most students to work out (太难了，多数学生解不出来). (too ...to ...) 3.There are moments where we doubt the correctness of the decisions we have made (我们会怀疑自己所做决定的正确性). (where 引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词) 4.Not all suggestions (并非所有的建议) are suitable for our current situation. (部分否定) 5.The new library is as quiet as the old one (和旧图书馆一样安静) but much larger in size. (as + adj./adv. + as) 三、短语复现(翻译句子） 1. 许多年轻观众更喜欢短视频而不是长篇纪录片。（a number of） A number of young viewers prefer short videos to long documentaries. 2. 这家新闻网站的报道有时候会带有明显的主观倾向。（at times） The reports on this news website at times have an obvious subjective bias. 3. 这种娱乐性强的节目并不适合作为儿童的启蒙教育内容。（be suitable for） This kind of highly entertaining program is not suitable for children's enlightenment education. 4. 有些老年人因不熟悉智能手机操作，常常被困于虚假新闻中。（be trapped in） Some elderly people, unaccustomed to using smartphones, are often trapped in fake news. 5. 她每天早上都会浏览新闻客户端，以得到关于国际形势的最新消息。（catch up on） She browses news apps every morning to catch up on the latest news about the international situation. 6. 一个合格的新闻报道通常由标题、导语、主体和结尾构成。（consist of） A qualified news report usually consists of a headline, a lead, a body and an ending. 7. 编辑们花了整整一下午才想出能准确概括事件核心的标题。（figure out，it 用法） The editors spent a whole afternoon figuring out it was the headline that could accurately summarize the core of the incident. 8. 社交媒体上的不实言论可能会对公众对事件的判断产生巨大影响。（have an impact on） False statements on social media may have a huge impact on the public's judgment of events. 9. 那个关于野生动物保护的纪录片成功引起了各年龄段观众的关注。（hold the attention of） The documentary on wildlife protection successfully held the attention of audiences of all ages. 10. 有一些情况，为了追求时效性，新闻报道会遗漏关键背景信息。（leave out，where 引导定语从句） There are cases where news reports leave out key background information in pursuit of timeliness. 4、 写作清单 请根据下面的提示写一篇关于电影《热辣滚烫》(YOLO) 的影评。由贾玲执导，贾玲、雷佳音领衔主演，众多知名演员如张小斐、杨紫、沙溢等出演；主人公杜乐莹宅家多年，生活迷茫，在与外界接触中结识拳击教练昊坤，本以为生活将步入正轨，却遭遇重重考验……； 反映主题：鼓励人们勇敢寻找自我、爱自己，即便面对挫折也要积极拥抱生活，实现自我成长 。 【点拨·写作技巧】 关于电影《热辣滚烫》的影评写作需紧扣 “影片概述 — 情节解析 — 主题升华” 的逻辑链。开头可简要介绍影片的导演、主演及上映后的反响；主体部分先梳理主人公杜乐莹的成长轨迹（从宅家迷茫到接触拳击的转变），再深入分析她遭遇的挫折如何推动人物弧光，最后结合细节提炼影片传递的生活态度；结尾可联系现实，强调影片对普通人突破自我的启示。注意使用与 “成长”“自我突破” 相关的词汇（如 struggle, self-discovery, perseverance, transformation 等），语言需兼具感染力与深刻性。 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 【开头常用语】 Directed by..., starring... and..., the film..., which tells the story of..., has won wide acclaim for... As a blockbuster characterized by... and..., ... has struck a chord with audiences of all ages. 【主体部分常用语】 The protagonist, once trapped in..., embarks on a journey of... after... What makes the film compelling is that... , as it vividly shows how... overcomes... Beneath the humorous scenes lies a profound theme: ... 【结尾常用语】 The film reminds us that... is not about..., but about... Through the story of..., we come to realize that... 【示例·分步写作】 请根据提示完成关于《热辣滚烫》的影评片段： 1. 由贾玲执导，贾玲、雷佳音领衔主演，众多知名演员出演的《热辣滚烫》，因真实的人物刻画和励志的故事赢得了观众的广泛好评。 Directed by Jia Ling, starring Jia Ling and Lei Jiayin, with many famous actors like Zhang Xiaofei, Yang Zi and Sha Yi in supporting roles, the film YOLO, characterized by realistic character portrayal and an inspiring story, has won wide acclaim from audiences. 2. 主人公杜乐莹宅家多年，生活迷茫，在结识拳击教练昊坤后，开启了一段充满挑战却意义非凡的成长之旅。 The protagonist Du Leying, who had stayed at home for years and felt lost in life, embarked on a challenging yet meaningful journey of growth after meeting boxing coach Haokun. 3. 影片引人入胜之处在于，它生动展现了杜乐莹如何在挫折中重拾勇气，逐渐与自己和解。 What makes the film compelling is that it vividly shows how Du Leying regains courage and gradually reconciles with herself amid setbacks. 4. 影片看似讲述拳击故事，实则传递着深刻的主题：勇敢寻找自我，即便屡遭困境也要热爱生活。 Beneath the boxing-themed plot lies a profound theme: bravely seek one's true self, and embrace life actively even when facing repeated difficulties. 5. 《热辣滚烫》提醒我们，成长不在于完美，而在于敢于迈出改变的第一步。 The film YOLO reminds us that growth is not about being perfect, but about daring to take the first step towards change. 【连句成篇】 YOLO, directed by Jia Ling and starring Jia Ling and Lei Jiayin, has won wide acclaim for its realistic character portrayals and inspiring narrative. Protagonist Du Leying, a long-term homebody trapped in confusion, embarks on a tough yet meaningful growth journey after encountering boxing coach Haokun. The film vividly depicts her regaining courage amid setbacks and gradually reconciling with herself. Beneath the boxing theme is a deep message: bravely seek one’s true self, love oneself, and embrace life actively despite frustrations. It reminds us growth isn’t about perfection but daring to take the first step of change. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 The Media 一、词汇清单 单词 1. alternative adj. 可替代的；另外的 n. 可供选择的事物 2. available adj. 可获得的，可用的；有空的 3. beauty n. 美人；美丽；美感 4. boost n. 增长vt. 促进，推动 5. budget n. 预算vi.& vt. 把…… 编入预算 6. broadcast n. 广播节目；电视节目vi.& vt. 广播；播送 7. candidate n. 候选人；考生 8. classic adj. 经典的n. 名著；经典作品 9. complicated adj. 难懂的；复杂的 10. creature n. 生物；动物 11. debate n．& vi.& vt. 讨论，辩论 12. diverse adj. 各种各样的 13. dismiss vt. 否定 14. generate vt. 产生，创造 15. genuinely adv. 真正地 16. link vt. 把…… 联系起来n. 联系，关联 17. pessimistic adj. 悲观的 18. proof n. 证明 19. profit n. 利润，收益，盈利 20. purchase vt. 购买n. 购买 (物) 21. spot n. 地点 22. sponsor vt. 赞助，资助；为…… 担保n. 赞助商；资助者 23. theme n. 主题 24. trap vt. 困住，使陷入危险中 25. welfare n. 幸福，健康；福利 26. witness vt. 亲身经历；目击n. 目击者；证人 短语 1.a number of 许多 2..at times 有时候 3. be suitable for 适合 4. be trapped in 被困于 5. catch up on 得到……消息 6. consist of 由……构成 7. figure out 解决，想出 8. have an impact on 对……有影响 9. hold the attention of 引起……的关注 10. leave out 遗漏 11. on alert 警戒，随时准备着 12. on the spot 在现场 13. participate in 参加 14. spring to mind 使人突然想起 15. stand out 突出，显眼 16. wean oneself off 使……摆脱/戒掉 17. got involved in 卷入 熟词生义 1. flow n. 流；流动；流畅 vi. 流；流动；涌流 2. current n. 水流；气流；电流 adj. 当前的；现在的 3. drift n. 漂流；漂移；趋势 vi. 漂流；漂移；缓慢移动 4. pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；倾泻；涌流 n. 倾泻；涌出 5. drain n. 下水道；排水管；消耗 vi.& vt. 排走；流走；耗尽 句型 1．疑问词＋to do ...it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out． 2．too ...to ...“太…… 而不能……” Some books are just too difficult to be adapted for technical reasons, although films like The Life of Pi are changing this idea. 3．where 引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词 At other times they are not, and there are instances where writers have been very unsatisfied with the film versions of their work ... 4．部分否定 However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. 5.as+ adj./adv.+as In fact,in the world of advertisements,such content is as old as advertising itself. 语法 It 用法 二、知识点精讲 1．acknowledge vt.承认 (1)acknowledge...to be/as ...承认……是/为…… acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事 acknowledge that... 承认…… It is acknowledged that ...……是大家公认的 (2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 【佳句】Lu Xun，acknowledged as one of the greatest modern writers in China，was born in Shaoxing，Zhejiang Province. 鲁迅出生于浙江绍兴，被公认为中国最伟大的现代作家之一。(应用文之人物介绍) 【点津】此外acknowledge还有“vt.(通过信函或邮件等)确认收悉；(公开)感谢”的含义。 练透——单句语法填空/语境辨义 ①Tom acknowledged__________________ (defeat)in the English speech competition，which made us quite depressed. ②I acknowledge my English teacher，without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. _________ ③世界公认，第24届北京2022年冬奥会是成功的。 ____________________________________the 24th Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a success. 2．alternative adj.可替代的；另外的 n．可供选择的事物 an alternative to... ……的替代物(to是介词) have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事 【佳句】Burning fuels can be harmful to the environment. That's why people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources. 燃烧燃料可能对环境有害。这就是为什么人们正在推动使用替代能源的原因。(应用文之演讲稿) 【点津】 “别无选择只好做……”的表达形式： (1)have no choice but to do sth (2)can't do sth but do sth 练透——单句语法填空 ①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to_________ (communicate)with others. ②Never in her wildest dream had she thought that she would run into such serious trouble.However, she had no alternative but_________ (pace) back and forth in the forest. 写美——同义句转换 ③Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes，in order to succeed，we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it. →Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes，in order to succeed, we __________________failure bravely and learn from it. 3．witness vt.亲身经历；目击 n．目击者；证人 (1)witness sth/that ...目击…… witness to (doing) sth 证实/证明(做)某事 (2)witness of/to sth 某事/物的目击者/见证人/证明/证据 【佳句】Witnessing her poor children and the suffering animal, Mr.Grant stretched out her hand, stroking them and wiping off theirs tear. 看到她可怜的孩子和受苦的动物，格兰特先生伸出她的手，抚摸他们，擦去他们的眼泪。(读后续写之动作描写) 练透——单句语法填空/语境辨义 ①These art works bear witness _________ the creativeness of the Chinese people. ②What the police did first was to question all the witnesses involved in the accident last week. _________ 写美——应用文写作之环境污染 ③众所周知，近年来空气污染日益严重，引起了我们的极大关注。 As is known to us all, ____________________________________, which has caused our great attention. 4．spot n．地点 (1)spot sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with 散布；点缀 (2)on the spot 当场；立刻；在现场 put sb on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 【佳句】They chose a new spot and began again. 他们选择了一个新的地点，重新开始。 【点津】此外spot还有“n.处所；斑点；污迹 vt.看见；注意到；发现”的含义。 练透——单句语法填空 ①It was by accident that I spotted a tailor with broad shoulders _________ _________ (shout)to two servants in a rude manner. ②He asked me how old I was in front of the whole office, which really put me _________ the spot. 应用文写作之通知 ③它将涵盖许多有用的中文学习技能。讲座结束后，刘老师将现场回答大家的提问。 It will cover many useful Chinese­learning skills. After the lecture, Mr. Liu will _________． 5．competitive adj.竞争性强的，有竞争力的 (1)compete vi. 比赛；竞争 compete in 参加(比赛，竞争) compete for... 为……而竞争 compete with/against sb (for...) (为……)与……对抗/竞争 (2)competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 【佳句】Though this was a competitive race，what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race. 虽然这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但真正重要的不是冠军的头衔，而是参赛者在比赛中表现出的决心。(应用文之建议信) 练透——单句语法填空 ①We can compete _________ students from other schools in debate contests or speech contests. ②As the youngest _________ (compete)，John will compete in the writing contest against others for the annual award of writing. 应用文写作之祝贺信 ③你成为这次比赛的冠军，真是个好消息。 It is really good news that you ___________________________． 6．combine vi.&vt.(使)结合，(使)组合 (1)combine with...与……结合 combine...with... 把……与……结合起来 (2)combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物) in combination with... 与……联合起来 【佳句】The beautiful scenery, combined with lovely weather and delicious food，made our visit to Qingdao pleasant and unforgettable. 美丽的风景，宜人的天气和美味的食物，使我们的青岛之行愉快而难忘。(应用文之旅游) 练透——单句语法填空 ①I do hope you will come to China to have a nice trip where you can witness in person the perfect _________ _________ (combine) of culture and nature. ②Performers wearing traditional Hanfu clothing will present the unique styles and attractions combined _________ classical folk dance. 同义句转换 将句②用combination改写 ③Performers wearing traditional Hanfu clothing will present the unique styles and attractions __________________ classical folk dance. 7．anticipate vt.预期，预料 (1)anticipate doing sth 预期做某事；期待 做某事 anticipate that ... 预期……；期待…… (2)anticipation n. 预料，预期，期望 do sth in anticipation of sth因预料到某事而做某事 【佳句】Without hesitation, she headed for the swimming pool with a brilliant smile, anticipating the championship. 她毫不犹豫地微笑着走向游泳池，期待着冠军的到来。(读后续写之喜悦) 练透——单句语法填空 ①Contrary to my _________ (anticipate), the teacher didn't blame me for dishonesty in the exam at all. ②Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than __________________ (anticipate). 一句多译 男孩们非常兴奋，他在房子里跑来跑去，期待着这一天的活动。 ③The boys were so excited that he ran around the house __________________ the day's events.(anticipation) ④The boys were so excited that he ran around the house ___________________________．(anticipate) 8．participate vi. 参加，参与 (1)participate in参加 (2)participant n. 参加者 participation n. 参与；参加 【佳句】Knowing that you are really into Chinese culture, I'm writing to advise you to participate in a Chinese Reading Contest. 得知你对中国文化很感兴趣，我写信建议你参加中文阅读比赛。(建议信) [联想]“参加”表达还有： take part in；join in 练透——单句语法填空 ①A speech contest was held first, in which the _________ (participate) shared their understanding of this special day. ②In order to increase _________ (participate)in outdoor activities，our school organized an activity—climbing the Mountain Tai on September 10. ③I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more readers will join in the interaction and share their own stories. →I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more readers will _________ the interaction and share their own stories. 9．transform vt. 使转化，使改观 (1)transform...into...把……变成…… transform sb/sth from... 把某人/某物 从……中转变 (2)transformation n. 转化；变换；变化 【佳句】As we all know，Artificial Intelligence is rapidly transforming our daily life. 众所周知，人工智能正快速地改变我们的日常生活。(应用文之科学技术) 练透——单句语法填空 ①The past ten years has witnessed a great_________ (transform)of my hometown. ②It was the selfless love and dependence from Otto that was transformed _________ the most powerful drug to cure my mom's physical illness. ③Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. →Your generous help and tender care __________________ my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. 10．fault n．缺点，缺陷；责任，过错 (1)find fault with对……吹毛求疵；挑毛病 be at fault 有错；有责任 be one's fault 是某人的过错 (2)faulty adj. 有错误的，有缺点的 【佳句】As a matter of fact，it was my fault.So I must make an apology to you. 事实上，这是我的错。所以我必须向你道歉。(应用文之道歉信) 练透——单句语法填空 ①It is better to make an apology, even though the company is not _________ fault. ②He likes to find fault _________ other people，which makes them very unhappy. ③Ruby低下了头，她感到非常后悔和羞愧，因为她意识到是自己的错让他们陷入了这样的境地。 Hanging her head down, Ruby felt so regretful and shameful that she realized __________________． 11．consist of 由……构成 (1)be made up of由……组成 be composed of 由……组成 (2)consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于 consist with 与……一致/相符 【佳句】The exhibition consists of dozens of masterpieces painted by Chinese famous artists, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and etc. 这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰作，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等。(应用文之邀请信) 【点津】consist of；belong to；come into being等几个短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。 练透——单句语法填空 ①The short film，_________ (consist) of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school. ②As we all know，the beauty of Mount Tai consists _________ charming scenery and rich culture. 用定语从句改写句① ③The short film，____________________________________，introduces the history and present situation of our school. 3、 语法清单 认识it 在高考英语中，“it”是一个高频考点，用法灵活多样，主要涉及代词、形式主语、形式宾语、强调句等核心用法。 it 用法总表 【精讲·语法知识】 一、作人称代词，指代前文提到的事物、动物或上文情况 （1）指代单数可数名词或不可数名词（避免重复）： My watch is missing. I can’t find it anywhere.（指代前文的________） The weather here is terrible, but it might get better tomorrow.（指代________） （2）指代前文提到的情况或事件： He said he would come, but it turned out that he was busy.（指代________这件事） 二、作非人称代词，指代时间、天气、距离、环境等 （1）指时间： ______ is 8 o’clock now. （2）指天气： ______ is raining heavily outside. （3）指距离： ______ is 10 kilometers from my home to school. （4）指环境/情况： ______ is quiet in the countryside. 三、作形式主语，代替真正的主语（不定式、动名词或从句） 当主语是不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）或从句（主语从句）时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用“it”作形式主语，将真正的主语后置。 （1） 代替不定式（to do）作主语 ______ is important to learn English well.（真正主语： ______） ______ takes me an hour to get to school every day.（固定句型： ______.） （2） 代替动名词（doing）作主语 It is no use crying over spilt milk.（覆水难收，真正主语：______） （3）代替主语从句作主语 It is clear that he will win the game.（真正主语：______.） It remains a question whether we can finish the task on time.（真正主语：______.） 常见句型： ①It is a pity/shame that...真可惜…… ②It is no wonder that...难怪…… ③It seems/appears that...似乎/看来…… ④It looks/seems as if/as though...看起来好像…… ⑤It happens that...碰巧…… ⑥It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起…… ⑦It is said/reported that...据说/据报道…… ⑧It is certain that...……是一定的 ⑨It is no use/good doing...做……没有用/好处 ⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间 四、作形式宾语，代替真正的宾语（不定式、动名词或从句） 当宾语是不定式、动名词或从句，且宾语后有宾语补足语时，常用“it”作形式宾语，将真正的宾语后置，结构为： 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语补足语 + 真正宾语 I find it easy to solve this problem.（真正宾语：_____________；宾补：_____________） He made it clear that he would not change his mind.（真正宾语：_____________；宾补：_____________） We think it no good wasting time.（真正宾语：_____________；宾补：_____________） 常见句型： ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time/money/energy/...＋doing... 五、用于强调句（强调句型） 基本结构： It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分 强调句的核心是突出句子中的某个成分（主语、宾语、状语等）； 被强调部分是人时，可用“who”或“that”；强调其他成分（时间、地点、原因等）时，只能用“that”； 去掉“it is/was...that/who”后，句子仍完整通顺。 例句： I met Mary in the park yesterday.（原句） → It was I that/who met Mary in the park yesterday.（强调_____________） → It was Mary that I met in the park yesterday.（强调_____________） → It was in the park that I met Mary yesterday.（强调_____________） → It was yesterday that I met Mary in the park.（强调_____________） 六、用于某些固定句型或习语中 1. It’s + 时间 + since从句（自从……以来多久了） It’s three years since I left my hometown. 2. It’s + 时间 + before从句（过了多久才……） It will be two hours before the train arrives. 3. It’s (about/high) time + (that) 从句（该做某事了，从句用过去时表虚拟） It’s high time we started our work. 4. It seems/appears/happens + that从句（似乎/碰巧……） It seems that he knows the truth. 5. It doesn’t matter + 疑问词从句（……没关系） It doesn’t matter when you will come. 七、高考常见误区提醒 （1） 区分强调句与定语从句： 强调句中“it is/was...that”去掉后句子完整；定语从句中“it”是先行词，去掉后句子不完整。 例：It is the house where I lived 10 years ago.（定语从句，where指代house，去掉it is...后“the house I lived 10 years ago”不完整） 例：It is in the house that I lived 10 years ago.（强调句，去掉it is...that后“I lived in the house 10 years ago”完整） （2）形式主语与形式宾语的判断： 形式主语位于句首，代替后置的主语；形式宾语位于谓语动词后，代替后置的宾语，且后接宾补。 掌握“it”的用法需结合具体语境，重点区分形式主/宾语、强调句与其他句型的差异，通过真题练习加深理解，避免混淆。 【经典练】 1. It is reported that ______ will take at least three years to complete the project. 2. The book is very interesting, so I want to read ______ again. 3. ______ was in the street that I met my old friend yesterday. 4. I find ______ important to practice speaking English every day. 5. ______ seems that she has known the truth about the accident. 6. The weather here is nice, but ______ will turn cold next week. 7. ______ is no use arguing with him—he never changes his mind. 8. It’s three years ______ we last saw each other. 9. He made ______ clear that he would not attend the meeting. 10. ______ doesn’t matter whether you agree with me or not. 11. ______ was Tom who helped me out of trouble last week. 12. It will be a long time ______ we meet again. 13. The distance from my home to school is 5 kilometers, and ______ takes me 10 minutes to walk there. 14. It’s high time that we ______ (start) preparing for the exam. 15. She said she would come, but ______ turned out that she was busy.· 1、 核心知识运用 1. (2022·全国乙卷)There are alternatives _________ constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. 2. (2022·全国乙卷)Maybe it is because of the_________ (combine) of fresh air，smooth movement and exercise. 3. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)The first group participated _________ a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. 4. (2022·浙江1月卷)Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely _________ (compete) and extremely serious fellow. 5. (2022·全国乙卷)By using the latest technologies，drones could also start providing higher­value services for railways，detecting _________ (fault) in the rail or switches，before they can cause any safety problems. 6. Researchers are working hard _________ (adapt) this new technology to practical use. 7. His efforts in promoting cultural exchange deserve our _________ (acknowledge). 8. There is no _________ (definite) answer to whether online education is better than traditional education. 9. The beautiful scenery of the lake never fails _________ (attract) visitors from all over the world. 10. This kind of plant is not _________ (suit) for growing in cold climates. 2、 小试牛刀 1. The teacher asked the students ____________________ (讨论该选哪本书作为课外阅读材料). (疑问词＋to do) 2. The math problem is ____________________ (太难了，多数学生解不出来). (too ...to ...) 3. There are moments ____________________ (我们会怀疑自己所做决定的正确性). (where 引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词) 4. ____________________ (并非所有的建议) are suitable for our current situation. (部分否定) 5. The new library is ____________________ (和旧图书馆一样安静) but much larger in size. (as + adj./adv. + as) 3、 短语复现(翻译句子） 1. 许多年轻观众更喜欢短视频而不是长篇纪录片。（a number of） _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 这家新闻网站的报道有时候会带有明显的主观倾向。（at times） _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这种娱乐性强的节目并不适合作为儿童的启蒙教育内容。（be suitable for） _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 有些老年人因不熟悉智能手机操作，常常被困于虚假新闻中。（be trapped in） _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 她每天早上都会浏览新闻客户端，以得到关于国际形势的最新消息。（catch up on） _________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 一个合格的新闻报道通常由标题、导语、主体和结尾构成。（consist of） _________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 编辑们花了整整一下午才想出能准确概括事件核心的标题。（figure out，it用法） _________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 社交媒体上的不实言论可能会对公众对事件的判断产生巨大影响。（have an impact on） _________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 那个关于野生动物保护的纪录片成功引起了各年龄段观众的关注。（hold the attention of） _________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 有一些情况，为了追求时效性，新闻报道会遗漏关键背景信息。（leave out，where引导定语从句） _________________________________________________________________________________ 4、 写作清单 请根据下面的提示写一篇关于电影《热辣滚烫》(YOLO) 的影评。由贾玲执导，贾玲、雷佳音领衔主演，众多知名演员如张小斐、杨紫、沙溢等出演；主人公杜乐莹宅家多年，生活迷茫，在与外界接触中结识拳击教练昊坤，本以为生活将步入正轨，却遭遇重重考验……； 反映主题：鼓励人们勇敢寻找自我、爱自己，即便面对挫折也要积极拥抱生活，实现自我成长 。 【点拨·写作技巧】 关于电影《热辣滚烫》的影评写作需紧扣 “影片概述 — 情节解析 — 主题升华” 的逻辑链。开头可简要介绍影片的导演、主演及上映后的反响；主体部分先梳理主人公杜乐莹的成长轨迹（从宅家迷茫到接触拳击的转变），再深入分析她遭遇的挫折如何推动人物弧光，最后结合细节提炼影片传递的生活态度；结尾可联系现实，强调影片对普通人突破自我的启示。注意使用与 “成长”“自我突破” 相关的词汇（如 struggle, self-discovery, perseverance, transformation 等），语言需兼具感染力与深刻性。 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 【开头常用语】 Directed by..., starring... and..., the film..., which tells the story of..., has won wide acclaim for... As a blockbuster characterized by... and..., ... has struck a chord with audiences of all ages. 【主体部分常用语】 The protagonist, once trapped in..., embarks on a journey of... after... What makes the film compelling is that... , as it vividly shows how... overcomes... Beneath the humorous scenes lies a profound theme: ... 【结尾常用语】 The film reminds us that... is not about..., but about... Through the story of..., we come to realize that... 【示例·分步写作】 请根据提示完成关于《热辣滚烫》的影评片段： 1. 由贾玲执导，贾玲、雷佳音领衔主演，众多知名演员出演的《热辣滚烫》，因真实的人物刻画和励志的故事赢得了观众的广泛好评。 ___________________, starring Jia Ling and Lei Jiayin, with many famous actors like Zhang Xiaofei, Yang Zi and Sha Yi in supporting roles, the film *YOLO*, ________________________, has won wide acclaim from audiences. 2. 主人公杜乐莹宅家多年，生活迷茫，在结识拳击教练昊坤后，开启了一段充满挑战却意义非凡的成长之旅。 The protagonist Du Leying,_________________ for years and felt lost in life, ___________ after meeting boxing coach Haokun. 3. 影片引人入胜之处在于，它生动展现了杜乐莹如何在挫折中重拾勇气，逐渐与自己和解。 ____________________________that it vividly shows how Du Leying ___________ and gradually ___________ amid setbacks. 4. 影片看似讲述拳击故事，实则传递着深刻的主题：勇敢寻找自我，即便屡遭困境也要热爱生活。 Beneath the boxing-themed plot lies a profound theme: ___________, and embrace life actively even when ___________. 5. 《热辣滚烫》提醒我们，成长不在于完美，而在于敢于迈出改变的第一步。 The film *YOLO* reminds us that ___________ is not about being perfect, but about ___________. 【连句成篇】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$