Unit 3 Paying the Price 单元测试卷（单元测试卷）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第一册.

2025-2026学年高二选择性必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 3（参考答案） I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 BCBAB 6-10 AABAB 11-14 ACBB 15-17 DDD 18-20 ADB II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A（语法填空） 21．weren’t allowed 22．would bring 23．to arouse 24．which 25．because 26．Whenever 27．what 28．more alert 29．without 30．fasting Section B（选词填空） 31．G 32．J 33．C 34．H 35．E 36．F 37．I 38．A 39．B 40．K III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．B 54．B 55．A Section B （阅读理解） 56．C 57．B 58．A 59．D 60．B 61．C 62．D 63．C 64．B 65．A 66．D Section C（六选四） 67．B 68．F 69．E 70．C IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) 71.Textaholics are those who can't live without text messages, without which health problems may arise physically and mentally. （要点1）The problem is caused by mental trouble a person has in life.（要点2）To solve it, one should try to live a balanced life, getting isolated from the mobile phone and having more personal communication with family and friends.（要点3） V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） 72.The carpenter still delights in others’ misfortunes the way he used to. 73.Specialization is likely to be the trend of talent training in the future, and vocational education can effectively fill the gap of technical talents. 74.Ethnic minority costumes serve as cultural symbols of a nation, blossoming in their own ways during different historical periods, and will also play an increasingly important role in shaping national identity in the future. 75.It is the independence and confidence he has showed on different occasions that makes him recognized by his colleagues and entrusted with important responsibilities. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Dear David, I’m thrilled to hear that you’re planning a trip to China! Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I would highly recommend visiting an ancient town like Laojie. Laojie offers a unique glimpse into traditional Chinese life. Walking through its narrow lanes, you’ll be surrounded by ancient buildings, traditional crafts, and local delicacies. The atmosphere is rich in history and culture, allowing you to immerse yourself in the authentic essence of China. In contrast, museums, though informative, lack the lived-in feel and authentic charm of a place like Laojie. I’m confident that a visit to Laojie will leave you with unforgettable memories and a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. I look forward to hearing about your adventures! Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一选择性必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 3 Paying the Price 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street. 2. A. They both prefer E-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks. C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets. 3. A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price. C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality. 4. A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room. C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad. 5. A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes. C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light. 6. A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London. B. Londoners should have seen the foreign movie. C. Londoners had better learn foreigner languages. D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London. 7. A. The woman missed the discount. B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount. C. The woman fails to come to class on time. D. The woman can’t join the new classes. 8. A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack. 9. A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn. C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion. 10. A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds. B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain. C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world. D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11. A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition. C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor. 12. A. Improving the designs of saving energy. B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance. C. Developing a new use for the existing technology. D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems. 13. A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing. C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance. 14. A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher. C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass. Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage. 15. A. According to how important the work is. B. According to when the work occurs to you. C. According to how much you like the subject. D. According to when the work should be completed. 16. A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task. C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance. 17. A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan. C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage. 18. A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness. B. They regard them as fashionable appliances. C. They want to show their taste in gift choices. D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts. 19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness. 20. A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want. C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it. 【答案】1-5 BCBAB 6-10 AABAB 11-14 ACBB 15-17 DDD 18-20 ADB Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: I’d like to book two train tickets to London tomorrow morning, after the rush hour. M: No problem. Just give me a minute. There are three here at 9:00, 10:00 and 11:00. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 2. M: Our school is replacing printed textbooks with E-textbooks next semester. I can’t wait. W: Really? But tablets have too many distractions. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 3. W: 500 dollars? Do you typically spend that much on a pair of casual trousers? M: They’re a little pricey, yes, but they are special. Bear in mind they will last me several years and they are very fashionable too. Q: What does the man think of the trousers? 4. M: What we need is a roommate who is neat and clean. W: let’s write that in the advertisement: neatness is a must. Q: What do the two speakers want to do? 5. W: What’s that orange thing on your computer screen? M: It’s something I bought yesterday. It’s a plastic sheet that blocks the computer’s blue light. You know, the blue light will harm our eyes. Q: Why does the man cover the computer screen with the plastic sheet? 6. M: We are the only movie theatre in the whole country that only shows foreign movies. W: Is there enough demand for that? I would have thought that in London, most people don’t speak foreign languages. Q: What does the woman mean? 7. W: I’m only interested in the new classes, so how much of a discount is there on these 2 new classes? M: The same discount of 20% is being offered to everyone at the door on a first-come-first-serve basis for the first month. But you come too late. Q: What does the man imply? 8. M: Hey, haven’t seen you for a long time. Why don’t we have a snack and do some catching up? W: Yeah, why not? Q: What will they most probably do next? 9. W: As an emotional learner, I organize my notes into a story that I can connect to and recite to myself. M: That’s amazing. I didn’t know there are so many different ways to learn. Q: Why does the woman change her notes into a story? 10. M: I can’t believe that duck hunting is still legal in so many parts of the world. The scientific evidence clearly indicates a decline in the birds’ population. W: But can anyone be sure whether the decline is really caused by the hunting or by climate change? Q: What does the woman imply? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. M: Hello, Professor Smith, I’m John Wishart. I’m working on my entry for the Global Design Competition. My tutor said you might be able to help me with it. W: Ah, yes, I got a copy of your drawings. What sort of competition is it? M: Well, it’s an international design competition and we have to come up with a new design for a typical domestic kitchen appliance. W: I see, and are there any special conditions? Does it have to save energy for example? M: Actually, that was the focus in last year’s competition. This year’s different. We have to adopt an innovative approach to existing technology, using it in a way that hasn’t been thought of before. W: I see. What kitchen appliance have you chosen? M: Well, I decided to choose the dishwasher. W: Interesting, what made you choose that? M: Well, they’re an everyday kitchen appliance in most Australian houses but they’re all pretty boring and almost identical to each other. I think some people will be prepared to pay a little extra for something that looks different. W: That’s a nice idea. I see you’ve called your design ‘the Rockpool’, why is that? M: Basically, because it looks like the rock pools you find on a beach. The top is made of glass so that you can look down into it. W: And there’s a stone at the bottom. Is that just for decoration? M: Actually, it does have a function. Instead of pushing a button, you turn the stone. W: So, it’s really just a novel way of starting the dishwasher. 11. Why does John come to Professor Smith? 12. What’s the focus of this year’s competition? 13. Why has John chosen dishwashers? 14. What’s the function of the stone at the bottom? Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage. For a lot of people, summer is a time to enjoy the sun, have a vacation and relax. But if you need to study this summer, it’s very important to create a study schedule so you have enough time for your studies as well as time to enjoy your break. Here are four tips for you. First, get started with your schedule. The sooner you start, the sooner all your work is done and you’re free to do whatever you want during the holidays. Next, create a to-do list of everything that needs to get done. Write everything in order of their deadlines and separate them by subject, so that you can see everything you need to cover in the study plan. Then, plan it out. Make a schedule using a calendar or Excel. It could be daily, weekly or monthly depending on which way you prefer to plan. Include all the tasks you want to complete in that time period. Plan your time using two kinds of time blocks: free time and fixed time. Free time is when you have other summer activities and relax. Fixed time is when you need to do something which you’ve determined beforehand regardless of most situations. The last tip is to stick with it. Put your study plan where you can see it often. Each morning sees what you need to do and try to get it done. Reward yourself for completing the things you need to do and cross them off your schedule. 15. According to the passage, how should a to-do list be arranged? 16. What should you do in fixed time? 17. Who is the passage intended for? Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage. Most of us are actually terrible at giving gifts. Research has shown that givers are fascinated with the moment of unwrapping a gift even more than the gift itself. We want something from giving: looks of delight. This is why items like hyper-specific kitchen appliances and fancy old-fashioned clocks all seem like fantastic gifts. But it turns out receivers often want things that are far more practical—things they can actually use. In one study, researchers asked givers and receivers to rate gifts based on: desirability, like a fancy but complicated coffee maker, and practicability, like a coffee maker you can actually use without studying the instructions. They found that givers reliably chose the desirable gifts. But receivers preferred practicability. How can we design a gift-giving formula that is efficient and emotional as you want to be? A good way is to tell people what you want. A 2011 study looked at Amazon wish lists to determine if people were more appreciative of gifts from the list versus gifts that were total surprises. It turned out when people got gifts that weren’t on their list, they actually saw them as less thoughtful and less personal. Surprise is overrated—we’re happier to get what we ask for. 18. Why do gift givers prefer seemingly fantastic gifts? 19. According to the passage, which of the following do receivers value most about gifts? 20. How can we get a gift we desire? II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives. Why is this? Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States 21 (not allow) to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting 22 (bring) attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country’s need for independence. For 21 days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was 23 (arouse) people’s awareness of the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States. Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, 24 is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists. Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just 25 it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. 26 he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered 27 fasting brought about after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away. Sinclair said that fasting also made him 28 (alert) and energetic. Despite the advantages, choosing to go 29 food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn’t stop people from 30 (fast) for political, religious, or health reasons. 【答案】 21．weren’t allowed 22．would bring 23．to arouse 24．which 25．because 26．Whenever 27．what 28．more alert 29．without 30．fasting 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文，文章主要介绍了人们选择禁食的原因。 21．考查被动语态。句意：在 20 世纪初，英国和美国的女性不被允许投票。主语women与动词allow之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语in the early 20th century，要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填weren’t allowed。 22．考查过去将来时。句意：她们希望禁食会引起对这种不公正的关注。主句hoped是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去将来时，故填would bring。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的目标是唤起人们对美国农场工人恶劣工作条件的认识。空白处在句子中做表语表示主语的目的，用动词不定式，故填to arouse。 24．考查定语从句。句意：每年在斋月期间，这是一个宗教节日，穆斯林从日出到日落禁食。这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是Ramadan，在定语从句中作主语，且逗号前是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，故填which。 25．考查连词。句意：有些人偶尔禁食只是因为这让他们感觉更好。根据下文“it makes them feel better (这让他们感觉更好)”可知前后句是因果关系，故填because。 26．考查连词。句意：每当他感冒或发烧时，他就完全停止进食。根据空白处下文“he had a cold or a fever(他感冒或发烧)”可知，这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句，whenever 表示“无论何时；每当”，引导时间状语从句，故填Whenever。 27．考查宾语从句。句意：另一位美国作家厄普顿·辛克莱在多年暴饮暴食、消化不良和头痛之后发现了禁食带来的影响。discovered后接宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，故填what。 28．考查形容词的比较级。句意：辛克莱说，禁食也让他更警觉、更有活力。根据上文“His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away.(他的禁食持续了12天。在此期间，他的头疼和肚子痛消失了)”可知，此处将禁食前后进行比较，应使用形容词的比较级，故填more alert。 29．考查介词。句意：尽管有这些好处，但选择不吃东西可能非常危险。根据上文“His first fast last for 12 days (他的禁食持续了12天)”可知此处说的是禁食，go without为固定短语，表示“没有……也行；忍受没有……”，故填without。 30．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这并没有阻止人们出于政治、宗教或健康原因禁食。stop sb. from doing sth为固定短语，表示“阻止某人做某事”，from是介词，后接动名词，故填fasting。 Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．topic      B．developed      C． arguably     D．increasingly     E. repeated     F. events G. shares     H. individual     I. influenced     J. appeals          K. literary Poetry is a kind of writing in which the sound and meaning of groups of words express ideas or emotion in addition to the experiences or strong feelings the writer 31 . Unlike most other forms of writing, poetry is often written in lines, rather than paragraphs. Poetry also sounds different from other forms of writing, often using rhythm and rhyme to create an interesting sound when read aloud. Poetry catches the attention of a reader because it 32 to both emotions and senses. Sound is 33 the single most important aspect of any poem. The sound that any given word makes, or the sounds that come from specific groups of words used together, are what make poetry so unique as a form of writing. A typical story or report does not focus on the sounds that each 34 word makes when read. But poems generally contain few words, so it is important that each word plays a role in making an impact on the reader. Rhythm is the flow of sounds created by successive words in a poem. When you read a poem you can often hear this 35 pattern, or “beat” in the sounds. This is called meter. Some of the oldest and best-known poetry in the world came from Ancient Greece. As far back as 700 BCE, poets there recited their work at public 36 and religious ceremonies. The great epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer came from Greece. The Greeks eventually 37 Roman poets, such as Virgil, who wrote the Aeneid 30 BCE. In medieval times, poems such as Beowulf, The Divine Comedy by Dante. and The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer were written. Religion and romance became the 38 of choice for many poets at that time. Poetry 39 even more during the Renaissance period of history, an era of many great cultural achievements. This was the period during which Shakespeare, the most well-known poet, was making his mark! Needless to say, a trend had started. Poetry has continued to grow and change as a form of 40 expression in modern times. 【答案】 31．G 32．J 33．C 34．H 35．E 36．F 37．I 38．A 39．B 40．K 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诗歌的写作特点以及历史发展。 31．考查动词。句意：诗歌是一种写作，在这种写作中，除了作者所共有的经历或强烈的感情之外，还通过一组词的音意来表达思想或情感。根据“the experiences or strong feelings the writer”以及句意“共享”可知应填动词share，作谓语，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语用三单形式。故选G。 32．考查动词。句意：诗歌能吸引读者的注意力，因为它既能吸引人的情感，又能吸引人的感官。根据“Poetry catches the attention of a reader”以及句意“吸引”可知应填appeal，为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故选J。 33．考查副词。句意：声音可以说是任何诗歌中最重要的一个方面。根据“the single most important aspect of any poem”以及句意“可以说”可知应填副词arguably，修饰动词。故选C。 34．考查形容词。句意：典型的故事或报道并不关注每个单词在阅读时发出的声音。根据“word makes when read”以及句意“单词”可知应填individual，修饰名词word。故选H。 35．考查形容词。句意：当你读一首诗的时候，你经常会听到这种重复的模式，或者声音中的“节拍”。根据“pattern, or “beat” in the sounds”以及句意“重复的”可知应填repeated，修饰名词pattern。故选E。 36．考查名词。句意：早在公元前700年，那里的诗人就在公共活动和宗教仪式上背诵他们的作品。根据“and religious ceremonies”以及句意“活动”可知应填复数名词events，故选F。 37．考查动词。句意：希腊人最终影响了罗马诗人，比如公元前30年写了《埃涅阿斯纪》的维吉尔。根据“such as Virgil, who wrote the Aeneid 30 BCE”以及句意“影响”可知应填动词influence，发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选I。 38．考查名词。句意：宗教和浪漫成为当时许多诗人选择的主题。根据“Religion and romance”以及句意“主题”可知应填名词topic，作表语。故选A。 39．考查动词。句意：诗歌在文艺复兴时期得到了更大的发展，这是一个有着许多伟大文化成就的时代。根据“an era of many great cultural achievements”以及句意“发展”可知应填动词develop，发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选B。 40．考查形容词。句意：诗歌作为一种文学表达形式在现代继续发展和变化。根据“Poetry has continued to grow and change as a form of”以及句意“文学”可知应填形容词literary，修饰名词expression。故选K。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context AI can transform education for the better As students return to classrooms for the new year, it is striking to reflect on how little education has changed in recent decades. The sector remains a digital laggard (落后者). American schools and universities spend 2% and 5% of their budgets, 41 , on technology, compared with 8% for the average American company. When the pandemic forced schools and universities to shut down, the moment for a digital 42 seemed close when the market value of online tutoring providers like Chegg and Byju’s both increased. However, once covid was brought under control, classes continued much as before. If the pandemic couldn’t overcome the education sector’s 43 to digital interruption, can artificial intelligence? ChatGPT-like generative AI, which can converse cleverly on varieties of subjects, certainly 44 . So much so that educationalists began to 45 that students would use it to cheat on essays and homework. Increasingly, however, it is generating excitement as a means to provide 46 tutoring to various students and speed up boring tasks such as marking. Learners, for their part, are 47 the technology. Two-fifths of undergraduates reported using an AI chatbot to help them with their studies. Indeed, the technology’s popularity has raised awkward questions for companies like Chegg, which was losing customers 48 ChatGPT. Yet there are good reasons to believe that education specialists like Chegg who employ AI will eventually 49 generalists such as OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT. For one, AI chatbots often talk nonsense, an unhelpful trait in an educational context. “Students want content from 50 providers,” argues Kate Edwards, chief pedagogist at Pearson, a textbook publisher. The company has not allowed ChatGPT and other AIs to 51 its material, but has instead used the content to train its own models, which it is embedding into its set of learning apps. 52 , as Chegg’s Mr Rosensweig argues, teaching is not merely about giving students an answer, but about presenting it in a way that helps them learn. Understanding pedagogy (教学法) thus gives education specialists an 53 . Pearson has designed its AI tools to 54 students by breaking complex topics down, testing their understanding and providing quick feedback, says Ms Edwards. Byju’s is incorporating “forgetting curves” for students into the design of its AI tutoring tools, refreshing their memories at personalized 55 . Bringing AI to education will not be easy, but once answers on how to make use of this technology become clearer, such a development will certainly deserve top marks. 41．A．respectively B．appropriately C．totally D．ultimately 42．A．divide B．reverse C．boom D．withdrawal 43．A．tendency B．resistance C．attention D．anxiety 44．A．serve the purpose B．break the ice C．take the initiative D．do some good 45．A．maintain B．panic C．doubt D．wonder 46．A．personalized B．individualistic C．characteristic D．attentive 47．A．attempting B．declining C．opposing D．embracing 48．A．for B．under C．to D．in 49．A．detect B．transform C．overtake D．enhance 50．A．comprehensive B．advanced C．distinguished D．trusted 51．A．give away B．take in C．bring about D．hold up 52．A．By contrast B．Despite this C．What’s more D．As a result 53．A．applause B．edge C．hesitation D．improvement 54．A．convince B．engage C．capture D．challenge 55．A．intervals B．cost C．mercy D．best 【答案】 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．B 54．B 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能在教育领域的应用和发展前景。 41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：美国的学校和大学分别将预算的2%和5%用于技术，而美国公司的平均水平为8%。A. respectively分别地；B. appropriately适当地；C. totally完全地；D. ultimately最终地。根据“American schools and universities spend 2% and 5% of their budgets”可知，此处是指学校和大学分别的预算。故选A。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疫情迫使学校和大学关闭时，在线辅导提供商Chegg和Byju等的市值都有所增加，数字化繁荣的时刻似乎已经来临。A. divide分歧；B. reverse反转；C. boom繁荣；D. withdrawal撤退。根据“the market value of online tutoring providers like Chegg and Byju’s both increased”可知，在线辅导的市值增加，这说明在线辅导繁荣发展。故选C。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果疫情无法克服教育部门对数字中断的抵制，人工智能能吗？A. tendency趋势；B. resistance抵制；C. attention注意力；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“If the pandemic couldn’t overcome the education sector’s ”可知，疫情无法克服教育部门对数字中断的抵制。故选B。 44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：像ChatGPT这样可以在各种主题上进行聪明对话的生成式人工智能当然可以。A. serve the purpose达到目的；B. break the ice打破僵局；C. take the initiative采取主动；D. do some good做一些好事。根据“So much so that educationalists began to… that students would use it to cheat on essays and homework.”可知，生成式人工智能可以在各种主题上进行聪明对话，可推理出此处是指生成式人工智能可以达到目的。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以至于教育家们开始担心学生们会用它来在论文和作业上作弊。A. maintain维护；B. panic恐慌；C. doubt怀疑；D. wonder想知道。根据“that students would use it to cheat on essays and homework”可知，学生们会用ChatGPT来在论文和作业上作弊，这是指教育家们所担心的。故选B。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它作为一种为各种学生提供个性化辅导并加快评分等枯燥任务的手段，正越来越令人兴奋。A. personalized个性化的；B. individualistic个人主义的；C. characteristic独特的；D. attentive注意的。根据上文“it is generating excitement as a means to provide”可知，它为各种学生提供个性化辅导。故选A。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就学习者而言，他们正在接受这项技术。A. attempting尝试；B. declining下降；C. opposing反对；D. embracing拥抱。根据“Two-fifths of undergraduates reported using an AI chatbot to help them with their studies.”可知，五分之二的本科生报告称他们使用人工智能聊天机器人来帮助他们学习，这说明学习者正在接受这项技术。故选D。 48．考查介词词义辨析。句意：事实上，该技术的普及给Chegg等公司带来了尴尬的问题，Chegg正在失去客户，客户都流向了ChatGPT。A. for因为；B. under在……下面；C. to向；D. in在……里面。根据上文“which was losing customers”以及下文“ChatGPT”可知，Chegg的客户都流向了ChatGPT。故选C。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，有充分的理由相信，像Chegg这样使用人工智能的教育专家最终将超越OpenAI等通用人工智能，OpenAI是ChatGPT 的制造商。A. detect察觉；B. transform改变；C. overtake超越；D. enhance增强。根据“generalists such as OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT”和however可知，前后是转折关系，上文提到Chegg面临尴尬的问题，即其客户都流向ChatGPT，下文和上文是转折相反关系，应是指像Chegg这样使用人工智能的教育专家的好的一面，即它们将超越通用人工智能。故选C。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生希望从值得信赖的供应商那里获得内容。A. comprehensive综合的；B. advanced先进的；C. distinguished卓越的；D. trusted可信的。根据上文“For one, AI chatbots often talk nonsense, an unhelpful trait in an educational context.”以及下文“Providers”可知，人工智能聊天机器人经常胡言乱语，这在教育环境中是无益的，由此可推知，学生希望从值得信赖的供应商那里获得内容。故选D。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：该公司并未允许ChatGPT和其他人工智能系统使用其材料，而是利用这些内容来训练自己的模型，并将其嵌入到自己的学习应用程序套件中。A. give away赠送；B. take in接受；C. bring about引起；D. hold up举起。根据下文“but has instead used the content to train its own models, which it is embedding into its set of learning apps.”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，该公司是利用这些内容来训练自己的模型，并将其嵌入到自己的学习应用程序，而非允许ChatGPT使用其材料。故选B。 52．考查固定短语辨析。句意：此外，正如Chegg的罗森茨威格先生所说，教学不仅仅是给学生一个答案，而是以一种帮助他们学习的方式呈现答案。A. By contrast相比之下；B. Despite this尽管如此；C. What’s more此外；D. As a result结果。根据“as Chegg’s Mr Rosensweig argues, teaching is not merely about giving students an answer, but about presenting it in a way that helps them learn.”可知，下文表示对前面所述内容的补充或强调。故选C。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，了解教学法为教育专家提供了优势。A. applause掌声；B. edge优势；C. hesitation犹豫；D. improvement改进。根据“Pearson has designed its AI tools to … students by breaking complex topics down, testing their understanding and providing quick feedback, says Ms Edwards.”可知，了解教学法为教育专家提供了优势。故选B。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德华兹女士说，培生公司设计了人工智能工具，通过分解复杂的话题、测试学生的理解能力并提供快速反馈来吸引学生。A. convince使信服；B. engage吸引；C. capture捕捉；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Pearson has designed its AI tools to ”可知，培生公司设计了人工智能工具是为了吸引学生。故选B。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Byju正在将针对学生的“遗忘曲线”纳入其人工智能辅导工具的设计中，以个性化的时间间隔刷新他们的记忆。A. intervals间隔；B. cost花费；C. mercy仁慈；D. best最好的事物（人）。根据 “Byju’s is incorporating “forgetting curves” for students into the design of its AI tutoring tools, refreshing their memories at personalized”可知，将针对学生的“遗忘曲线”纳入其人工智能辅导工具的设计中，这样能以个性化的时间间隔刷新学生的记忆。故选A。 Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some things we cannot copy where I live. We will never celebrate Christmas inside a picture postcard. We have no winter wonderland, though once, inspired by a snowfall seen on the black-and-white television, I did collect some ice from the inside of the freezer to throw at my brother. By the time I got to him, all I had was a handful of rain. What we do have is electricity. As long as the Tennessee Valley Authority can light up the southern night with strands of color, shining from every house and mobile home, they can have their white Christmas. I have seen lights wrapped around mailbox posts. In the country, you need a whole lot of extension cord (电缆) to electrify a mailbox. I have seen them strung across the Peterbilt trucks. My mother never takes down her lights, strung on a cedar beam (雪松木梁) in the living room, though she does unplug them. The rich folks have switched to white lights, a lot of them, to be elegant. But it will always be lights of color, shining through a night which smells of woodsmoke, that mean Christmas to me. I find it especially hard not to live in the past at this time of year, when I would do anything to see the world like a child again. It is why I fill the refrigerator every December with chocolate-covered cherries and watch, for the hundredth time, those 50-year-old Christmas specials about Santa Claus. It is important that some things stay the same — that, at some point this season, someone will say, “We’re going to look at Christmas lights. Do you want to come?” I go sometimes and sometimes just say no. It is enough to know someone is going. I have a fine memory of the lights; I do not want it to grow less than it was by putting on it new lights bought at Walmart. 56．What is the primary feature that the author values about Christmas in their location? A．Snow-covered landscapes. B．Traditional winter wonderland scenes. C．Colorful Christmas lights. D．Cedar beams in living rooms. 57．By saying “What we do have is electricity.”, the author means electricity can _______. A．bring convenience to his life B．create a Christmas atmosphere C．generate warmth in harsh winter D．save cord to power a mailbox 58．How do the rich folks differ from others in terms of Christmas lights? A．They prefer white lights for elegance. B．They use fewer lights for simplicity. C．They avoid using extension cords. D．They rely on woodsmoke for lighting. 59．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．He takes delight in bidding farewell to the past. B．He gets fed up with looking at Christmas lights. C．He dislikes the color options available at Walmart. D．He feels relieved that Christmas lights tradition is preserved. 【答案】56．C 57．B 58．A 59．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对自己居住地圣诞节氛围的感受和回忆，描述了作者在房间里、屋外和看到别人家中的彩灯装饰，以及这些装饰给她带来的温馨和回忆，作者还表达了对过去圣诞节的怀念，尤其是与童年和简单快乐相关的记忆。 56．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What we do have is electricity. As long as the Tennessee Valley Authority can light up the southern night with strands of color, shining from every house and mobile home, they can have their white Christmas. I have seen lights wrapped around mailbox posts.(我们有的只是电。只要田纳西河谷管理局(Tennessee Valley Authority)能用一缕缕彩光照亮南方的夜晚，让每一所房子和移动房屋都能发出彩光，他们就能拥有自己的白色圣诞节。我看到过邮筒上缠满了灯)”以及第三段“But it will always be lights of color, shining through a night which smells of woodsmoke, that mean Christmas to me.(但对我来说，那永远是五彩缤纷的灯光，闪耀着柴烟味的夜晚，那才是圣诞节的意义)”可知，尽管作者所在的地方没有被雪覆盖的风景或传统的冬日仙境，但人们仍然用彩色圣诞灯装饰他们的家和院子，用以营造节日的氛围，作者对这些灯的详细描述和表达出的喜爱之情表明，彩色圣诞灯是作者所在地区圣诞节所珍视的主要特征。故选C。 57．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“What we do have is electricity. As long as the Tennessee Valley Authority can light up the southern night with strands of color, shining from every house and mobile home, they can have their white Christmas. I have seen lights wrapped around mailbox posts.(我们有的只是电。只要田纳西河谷管理局(Tennessee Valley Authority)能用一缕缕彩光照亮南方的夜晚，让每一所房子和移动房屋都能发出彩光，他们就能拥有自己的白色圣诞节。我看到过邮筒上缠满了灯)”可知，作者认为只要电力供应能够点亮每个房屋和移动住宅的彩色灯串，人们就可以拥有他们的白色圣诞节，作者描述了电力如何通过彩色灯串来为圣诞节创造氛围，这表明电力是营造圣诞氛围的关键，因此，作者的意思是电力可以创造圣诞氛围。故选B。 58．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The rich folks have switched to white lights, a lot of them, to be elegant.(有钱人为了显得优雅，很多人都改用白色的灯)”可知，有钱人更倾向于使用白色的灯来装饰，以体现他们的品味和优雅。故选A。 59．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“It is important that some things stay the same—that, at some point this season, someone will say, “We’re going to look at Christmas lights. Do you want to come?”(重要的是，有些东西保持不变——在这个季节的某个时候，有人会说，“我们要去看圣诞彩灯。”你想去吗？”)”可知，作者看到有些事物保持不变感到欣慰。故选D。 (B) When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the people at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this world would be. At school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then, why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make our actions reflect your words.” I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励)action. Now, ten years from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken. When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices - education, career, lifestyle - life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is progress, but we aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy on sustainable way of living. And we are leaning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was idealistic and innocent. Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change. 60．The purpose of what the speaker said at the age of 12 was to ________. A．end poverty and make school beautiful B．end poverty and solve the problems about environment C．find a wonderful place and clean it up D．find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselves 61．What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to ________. A．a long period of laughing B．a warm welcome C．a long period of clapping and applauses D．an expression used for greeting 62．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature. B．the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment. C．the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice. D．the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up. 【答案】60．B 61．C 62．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者12岁时在里约地球峰会上发言，希望大人们能做到在学校教育孩子时的要求，解决贫困问题，找出治理环境的方法，建立一个和平、美丽的世界，他的发言受到各国代表热烈赞扬。十年后作者初衷未改变，从我做起一起改变这个世界。 60．推理判断题。根据第一段“I remember my enthusiasm when，at the age of 12,I addressed the people at the Rio Earth Summit. ‘I am only a child,’ I told them. ‘Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this world would be.’ (我还记得我12岁时在里约热内卢地球峰会上向人们讲话时的那种热情。‘我只是个孩子。’我告诉他们。‘但我知道，如果花在战争上的钱都花在消除贫困和寻找环境问题的答案上，这个世界将会变得多么美好。’)”可推断，演讲者在12岁时所演讲的目的是结束贫困和解决环境问题。故选B。 61．词义猜测题。根据划线词前半句“I spoke for six minutes (我讲了六分钟)”和后句“Some of the delegates even cried. (一些代表甚至哭了)”可知，作者的演讲受到了与会人员的赞同。由此猜测，他们听完后全场起立鼓掌。所以ovation为“鼓掌”之意。故选C。 62．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. (我知道改变是可能的，因为我正在改变，仍在思考我的想法。我还在决定如何生活)”可知，纵使会有再多改变作者仍坚守自己的信念。故选D。 (C) Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 63．The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________. A．usually has a biological basis B．varies among people C．is socially and culturally shaped D．influences one’s thinking and evaluation 64．What changes can be found in an angry brain? A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. C．Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D．Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition. 65．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger? A．Approaching the source of anger. B．Trying to control what is disliked. C．Moving away from what is disliked. D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger. 66．What is the key message of the last paragraph? A．How anger differs from other emotions. B．How anger relates to other emotions. C．Behavioural responses to anger. D．Behavioural patterns of anger. 【答案】63．C 64．B 65．A 66．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了愤怒的危害和人在愤怒时脑电波的活动，并且最后详细阐述了进攻性愤怒和防守型愤怒的表现形式。 63．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. ”（愤怒的具体表达方式也因生物和文化因素而因人而异。在当代文化中，愤怒的肢体表达通常被认为对社会太有害，不能容忍。我们不再使用决斗来表达愤怒，是因为人们意识到这是对他人的侮辱行为。）可推断出，愤怒的表现形式受社会和文化的影响。所以C项“is socially and culturally shaped”（是社会和文化塑造的）符合题意。故选C项。 64．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. ”（但当我们生气时，左右前额叶区域的脑电图显示不平衡，因此，我们很可能会做出反应。）可知，人在生气的时候，大脑的额叶前部区域发现不平衡的图案。所以B项“Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. ”（不平衡模式出现在前额叶区域。）符合题意。故选B项。 65．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. ”（我们越生气，就越有可能朝着我们愤怒的目标前进。这与心理学家所说的攻击性愤怒是一致的：愤怒的人靠得更近，是为了影响和控制引起他愤怒的人或情况。）可知，进攻性愤怒的特点是：我们越生气，就越想接近激怒我们的那个生气对象。所以A项“Approaching the source of anger. ”（接近愤怒的源头。）符合题意。故选A项。 66．主旨大意题。文章最后一段主要说明了offensive anger（进攻性生气）和defensive anger（防御性生气）两种不同的生气形式。所以D项“ Behavioural patterns of anger”（愤怒的行为模式。）符合题意。故选D项。 Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). 67 The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. 68 These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). 69 If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. 70 Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A．They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B．Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C．Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D．In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E．They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F．For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. 【答案】67．B 68．F 69．E 70．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。缺乏自制力往往让我们无法达成目标，文章对如何提高自制力进行了一些介绍。 67．根据前文“Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). (我们最担心的问题，从暴饮暴食到没有足够的退休储蓄到没有足够的锻炼，都有一个共同点：缺乏自制力。自我控制是让我们有能力拒绝那些能让我们立刻感到满足，但从长远来看代价高昂的选择——一块巧克力蛋糕（而不是一个苹果），一个下午躺在沙发前（而不是去健身房）。)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自制力让我们往往无法达成目标，所以选项B“尽管我们的意愿是最好的，但我们经常无法实现我们的目标。”切合文意。故选B。 68．根据后文“These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. (这些激励可以提高我们的自制力，至少在一定程度上是这样。)”可知，此处是指有自制力的人往往很有动力点，所以选项F“例如，研究发现，当人们知道他们的努力会得到回报，或者当他们被告知他们的工作将使他人受益时，他们会坚持更长的时间来完成需要自我控制的任务。”切合文意。故选F。 69．根据前文“To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). (举一个著名的例子，在承诺合同网站stickK.com上，用户先投下一些钱（比如200美元），然后陈述一个他们想要实现的目标（比如一个月减掉10磅）。)”和后文“If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. (如果他们达到了目标，他们就能赚回自己的钱。如果他们不这样做，他们就会失去这笔钱。)”可知，此处是指用户需要陈述没有达成目标会受到的惩罚，所以选项E“他们还需要说明，如果他们不遵守承诺，这笔钱会怎么处理（例如，这笔钱会捐给他们不喜欢的朋友或慈善机构）。”切合文意。故选E。 70．根据前文“My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. (我和我的同事进行了一项新的研究，指出了一个可能更容易实施的不同解决方案：使用仪式。)”和后文“Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. (参加各种运动的运动员都有一些仪式，比如在比赛前按照完全相同的顺序吃同样的食物。)”可知，此处是介绍“仪式”是什么，所以选项C“仪式是我们采取的一系列步骤，同时附加某种象征意义。”切合文意。故选C。 IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Are you a textaholic? Do you spend over an hour each day texting your friends? Do you frequently neglect work, study and leisure activities to check your phone for text message? Are you moody and emotional if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs from texting too much? If you answered 'Yes' to any of the above questions, then the chances are that you are a textaholic.A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving text messages.The main symptoms are strong will to text which takes precedence over (优先于) everything else, and withdrawal symptoms (戒断症状)if messages fail to come in, leading to anger, depression and a lack of self-respect.Other problems include sleeplessness, eye strain, and repetitive strain injury due to constant messaging, not to mention expensive phone bills.The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. So what can you do if you think you may be textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance.Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out.Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re — learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Textaholics are those who can't live without text messages, without which health problems may arise physically and mentally. （要点1）The problem is caused by mental trouble a person has in life.（要点2）To solve it, one should try to live a balanced life, getting isolated from the mobile phone and having more personal communication with family and friends.（要点3） 【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作。 【详解】读完所给文章后用不多于60个词总结文章要点，要尽量用自己的语言。这是一篇议论文，通读全文可以从以下三方面进行概括： 要点一：短信狂是指那些生活中离不开短信的人，没有短信就可能出现身体和精神上的健康问题。可用到的词汇有：arise, physically and mentally, health problem等 要点二：这个问题是由生活中的精神问题引起的。可用到的词汇有：cause, metal trouble等。 要点三：为了解决这个问题，一个人应该尝试过一种平衡的生活，远离手机，与家人和朋友有更多的私人交流。可用到的词汇有：solve， try to do sth., a balanced life, isolated, personal communication等。 本篇以一般现在时为主。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.这位木匠还是和过去一样幸灾乐祸。（delight v.，the way） (汉译英) 【答案】The carpenter still delights in others’ misfortunes the way he used to. 【详解】考查时态、名词、固定搭配、副词、方式状语从句、名词所有格。表示“木匠”用carpenter，此处为特指，carpenter前加the。表示“以……为乐”用固定搭配delight in，本句表经常性、习惯性动作，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为The carpenter，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。表示“仍然”用副词still，作状语，修饰delights in。表示“不幸的事”用misfortune，不幸的事不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作delights in的宾语。表示“其他人”用others，用others’“其他人的”作定语，修饰名词misfortunes。表示“用这样的方法”用the way，引导方式状语从句。从句中：表示“他”用he，作主语。表示“曾经”用used to，作谓语。故翻译为The carpenter still delights in others’ misfortunes the way he used to. 73.专业化很可能是未来人才培养的趋势，职业教育可以有效补足技术人才缺口。(likely) (汉译英) 【答案】Specialization is likely to be the trend of talent training in the future, and vocational education can effectively fill the gap of technical talents. 【详解】考查名词、动词短语、名词短语、副词和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，主语“专业化”为名词Specialization；表示“很可能做某事”应为动词短语be likely to do；“是”用系动词be，放在动词不定式符号to后；表语“人才培养的趋势”应为名词短语the trend of talent training；“未来”用介词短语in the future作状语，即前一个分句翻译为：Specialization is likely to be the trend of talent training in the future；之后用and连接并列的分句，表示“职业教育”应为名词短语vocational education；“可以”用情态动词can；表示“有效地”为副词effectively；表示“补足技术人才缺口”应为动宾短语fill the gap of technical talents；结合句意可知，该句为陈述一般性事实，应为一般现在时。故翻译为：Specialization is likely to be the trend of talent training in the future, and vocational education can effectively fill the gap of technical talents. 74.少数民族服饰是一个国家的文化符号，在不同的历史时期用自己的方式绽放美丽，未来也将在树立民族形象方面起到越来越重要的作用。(way) (汉译英) 【答案】Ethnic minority costumes serve as cultural symbols of a nation, blossoming in their own ways during different historical periods, and will also play an increasingly important role in shaping national identity in the future. 【详解】考查短语、现在分词和时态。“少数民族服饰”为“ethnic minority costumes”，“用作”为“serve as”，“一个国家的文化符号”为“cultural symbols of a nation”，“少数民族服饰是一个国家的文化符号”描述的为科学事实，使用一般现在时，则翻译为“Ethnic minority costumes serve as cultural symbols of a nation.”；动词“绽放美丽”为“blossom”，它与主语“ethnic minority costumes”为主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，短语“用它们自己的方式”为“in their own ways”，短语“在不同的历史时期”为“during different historical periods”，则“在不同的历史时期用自己的方式绽放美丽”翻译为“blossoming in their own ways during different historical periods”；“在某方面起到越来越重要的作用”为“play an increasingly important role in”，“树立民族形象”为“shape national identity”，shape使用动名词形式作宾语，“在未来”为“in the future”，“也”为“also”，翻译“未来也将在树立民族形象方面起到越来越重要的作用”使用一般将来时，则翻译为“will also play an increasingly important role in shaping national identity in the future”，它和“Ethnic minority costumes serve as cultural symbols of a nation.”为并列关系，使用并列连词and连接。故翻译为：Ethnic minority costumes serve as cultural symbols of a nation, blossoming in their own ways during different historical periods, and will also play an increasingly important role in shaping national identity in the future. 75.正是在不同场合中表现出的独立、自信使他受到了同事们的认可，被委以重任。(It) (汉译英) 【答案】It is the independence and confidence he has showed on different occasions that makes him recognized by his colleagues and entrusted with important responsibilities. 【详解】考查强调句、定语从句和名词短语。本句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。分析可知，本句应用“it is+强调部分+that+其他”结构的强调句，强调部分是句子主语，“独立、自信”表达为 the independence and confidence；“在不同场合中表现出的”处理为修饰“独立、自信”的定语从句，关系代词代替先行词the independence and confidence在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词 that, which引导或者省略关系代词，从句谓语动词“表现”用has showed，陈述过去的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，表示“在不同场合中”应用介词短语on different occasions，名词复数occasions作宾语；因此这个主语部分翻译为the independence and confidence he has showed on different occasions；主句谓语动词“使”用 make 表达，陈述客观事实，且主语是抽象概念的名词，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“使他受到……认可”可用 makes sb. recognized by…表达，过去分词 recognized作宾补；表达“同事们”应用名词短语his colleagues，表示“被委以重任”应用entrusted with important responsibilities，entrusted与前面recognized并列作宾补。句首字母大写，故翻译为It is the independence and confidence he has showed on different occasions that makes him recognized by his colleagues and entrusted with important responsibilities. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李华，你的笔友David 要来中国旅游，因为对中国文化很感兴趣，他发邮件请你推荐一个旅游景点。在老街古镇和博物馆之间你会推荐哪一个？理由是什么？ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear David, I’m thrilled to hear that you’re planning a trip to China! Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I would highly recommend visiting an ancient town like Laojie. Laojie offers a unique glimpse into traditional Chinese life. Walking through its narrow lanes, you’ll be surrounded by ancient buildings, traditional crafts, and local delicacies. The atmosphere is rich in history and culture, allowing you to immerse yourself in the authentic essence of China. In contrast, museums, though informative, lack the lived-in feel and authentic charm of a place like Laojie. I’m confident that a visit to Laojie will leave you with unforgettable memories and a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. I look forward to hearing about your adventures! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生写信给David，推荐一个中国的旅游景点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 围绕：surround→enclose 本质：essence→nature 激动：thrilled→excited 难忘：unforgettable→memorable 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The atmosphere is rich in history and culture, allowing you to immerse yourself in the authentic essence of China. 拓展句：The atmosphere is rich in history and culture, which allows you to immerse yourself in the authentic essence of China. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Walking through its narrow lanes, you’ll be surrounded by ancient buildings, traditional crafts, and local delicacies. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] I’m confident that a visit to Laojie will leave you with unforgettable memories and a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$黄浦区2023学年度第一学期高三年级英语试卷听力部分现在开始one listening comprehension . section a directions。In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, i'd like to book two train tickets to london tomorrow morning after the rush hour. No problem. Just give me a minute. There are three here at nine o'clock, ten o'clock and eleven o'clock. Question, where does the conversation most probably take place? To our school is replacing printed textbooks with e textbooks next semester. I can't . wait really, but tablets have too many distractions. Question, what can we learn from the conversation? Three, five hundred dollars. Do you typically spend that much on a pair of casual trousers? They are a little Pricey, yes, but they are special there in mind. They would last me several years, and they are very fashionable too. Question, what does the man think of the trousers? For what we need is a roommate who is neat and clean. Let's write that in the advertisement. Needless is a must . question. What do the two speakers want to do? Five, what's that orange thing on your computer screen? It's something I bought yesterday. It's a plastic sheet that blocks the computer's blue lies. You know, the blue light will harm our eyes. Question, why does the man cover the computer screen with a plastic sheet? Six, we are the only movie theater in the whole country that only shows foreign movies. Is there enough demand for that? I would have thought that in london, most people don't speak foreign languages. Question, what does the woman mean? Seven, I mely interested in the new classes. So how much of a discount is there on these two new classes? The same discount of twenty percent is being offered to everyone at the door on a first come, first serve basis for the first month. But you come too late. Question, what does the man imply? Eight, hey, haven't seen you for a long time. Why don't we have a snack and do some catching up? Yeah, why not . question? What will they most probably do next? Nine, as an emotional learner, I organized my notes into a story that I can connect to and recite to myself. That's amazing. I didn't know there are so many different ways to learn. Question, why does the woman change her notes into a story? Ten, I can't believe that duck hunting is still legal in so many parts of the world. The scientific evidence clearly indicates a decline in the birds population. But can anyone be sure whether the decline is really caused by the hunting or by climate change? question? What does the woman imply? Section b directions in section b, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you'll be asked several questions. The conversation and the passengers will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through fourteen are based on the following conversation. Hello, professor smith. I'm john. Wished i'm working on my entry for the global design competition, my tutor said you might be able to help . me with IT. Uh, yes, I got a copy of your drawings. What sort of competition is that? Well, it's an international design competition. And we have to come up with a new design for a typical domestic kitchen appliance. I see. And other any special conditions, does that have to save energy, for example? Actually, that was the focus in last year's competition. This year's different. We have to adopt an an innovative approach to existing technology using IT in a way that hasn't been thought of before. I see what kitchen appliance have you chosen? Well, I decided to choose the dish washer. interesting. What made you choose that well . there in everyday kitchen appliance? In most australian houses, but they're all pretty boring and almost identical to each other. I think some people will be prepared to pay a little extra for something that looks different. That's a nice idea. I see you've caught your design, the rock pool. Why is that? Basically because IT looks like the rock pools you find on a beach. The top is made of glass so that you can look down into IT. and there's a stone at the bottom. Is that just for decoration? Actually, IT does have a function. Instead of pushing a button, you turn the stone. So it's really just a novel way of starting the dish washer. Now listen again, please. Hello, professor smith, i'm john. Wished i'm working on my entry for the global design competition. My tuder said you might be able to help . me with that. Uh, yes, I got a copy of your drawings. What sort of competition is that? Well, it's an international design competition, and we have to come up with a new design for a typical domestic kitchen appliance. I see and other any special conditions, does that have to save energy, for example? Actually, that was the focus in last year's competition. This year's different. We have to adopt an an innovative approach to existing technology using IT in a way that hasn't been thought of before. I see, what kitchen appliance have you chosen? Well, I decided to choose the dish washer. interesting. What made you choose that? Well, they're everyday kitchen appliance in most australian houses, but they'd all pretty boring and almost identical to each other. I think some people will be prepared to pay a little extra for something that looks different. That's a nice idea. I see you've caught your design, the rock pool. Why is that? basically? Because IT looks like the rock pools you find on a beach. The top is made of glass so that you can look down into IT. and there's a stone at the bottom. Is that just for decoration? Actually, IT does have a function. Instead of pushing a button, you turn the stone. So it's really just a novel way of starting . the dish washer. Questions eleven, why does john come to professor smith? Twelve, what's the focus of this year's competition? Thirteen, why has john chosen dish washers? Fourteen, what's the function of the stone at the bottom? Questions fifteen through seventeen are based on the following passage. For a lot of people, summer is the time to enjoy the sun, have a vacation and relax, but if you need to study this summer, it's very important to create a study shadow, so you have enough time for your studies as well as time to enjoy your break. Here are four tips for you. First, get started with your schedule. The sooner you start, the sooner all your work is done and you are free to do whatever you want during the holidays. Next, create a to do list of everything that needs to get done, write everything in order of their deadlines, and separate them by subject so that you can see everything you need to cover in the study plan. Then plan IT out, make a shadow using calendar or excel IT could be daily, weekly or monthly, depending on which way you prefer to plan. Include all the tasks you want to complete in that time period. Plan your time using two kinds of time blocks, free time and fixed time. Free time is when you have other summer activities and relax this time is when you need to do something which you've determined beforehand, regardless of most situations. The last step is to stick with IT, put your study plan where you see IT often each morning, sees what you need to do, and try to get that done. Reward yourself for completing the things you need to do and cross them off your shadow. Now listen again, please. For a lot of people, summer is the time to enjoy the sun, have a occasion and relax. But if you need to study this summer, it's very important to create a study schedule, so you have enough time for your studies as well as time to enjoy your break. Here are four tips for you. First, get started with your schedule. The sooner you start, the sooner all your work is done and you're free to do whatever you want during the holidays. Next, create a to do list for everything that needs to get done, write everything in order of their deadlines, and separate them by subject so that you can see everything you need to cover in the study plan. Then planned IT out, make a schedule using a calendar or excel. IT could be daily, weekly or monthly, depending on which way you prefer to plan. Include all the tasks you want to complete in that time period. Plan your time using two kinds of time blocks, free time and fixed time. Free time is when you have other summer activities and relax. Fixed time is when you need to do something which you've determined beforehand, regardless of most situations. The last tip is to stick with IT, put your study plan where you can see IT often each morning sees what you need to do and try to get that done, reward yourself for completing the things you need to do, and cross them off your schedule. Questions fifteen, according to the passage, how should the to do list be arranged? Sixteen, what should you do in fixed time? Seventeen, who is the passage intended for? Questions eighteen through twenty are based on the following passage. Most of us are actually terrible at giving gifts. Research has shown that givers are fascinated with the moment of unwrapping a gift even more than the gift itself. We want something from giving looks of delight. This is why items like hyper specific kitchen appliances and fancy old fashion clock all seem like fantastic gifts. But IT turns out receivers often want things that are far more practical things they can actually use. In one study, researchers asked givers and receivers to rate gifts based on desirable, like a fancy but complicated coffee maker, and practicability like a coffee maker you can actually use without studying the instructions. They found that givers reliably chose the desirable gifts, but receivers preferred practicability. How can we design a gift giving formula that is efficient and emotional as you want to be? A good way is to tell people what you want. I'd study looked at amazon wish lists to determine if people were more appreciative of gifts from the list versus gifts that were total surprises. IT turned out when people got gifts that weren't on their list, they actually saw them as less thoughtful and less personal. Surprise is overrated. We are happier to get what we ask for. Now listen again, please. Most of us are actually terrible at giving gifts. Research has shown that givers are fascinated with the moment of wrapping a gift even more than the gift itself. We want something from giving looks of delight. This is why items like hyper specific kitchen appliances and fancy old fashioned clocks all seem like fantastic gifts. But IT turns out receivers often want things that are far more practical, things they can actually use. In one study, researchers asked givers and receivers to rate gifts based on desirable, like a fancy but complicated coffee maker, and practicability like a coffee maker you can actually use without studying the instructions. They found that givers reliably chose the desirable gifts, but receivers preferred practicability. How can we design a gift giving formula that is efficient and emotional as you want to be? A good way is to tell people what you want. And study looked at amazon wish lists to determine if people were more appreciative of gifts from the list versus gifts that were total surprises. IT turned out when people got gifts that weren't on their list, they actually saw them as less thoughtful and less personal. Surprise is over ated. We are happier to get . what we ask for questions. Eighteen, why do gift givers prefer seemingly fantastic gifts? Nineteen, according to the passage, which of the following do receivers value most about gifts? Twenty, how can we get a gift we desire? That is the end of listening . comprehension. 2025-2026学年高一选择性必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 3 Paying the Price 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street. 2. A. They both prefer E-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks. C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets. 3. A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price. C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality. 4. A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room. C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad. 5. A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes. C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light. 6. A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London. B. Londoners should have seen the foreign movie. C. Londoners had better learn foreigner languages. D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London. 7. A. The woman missed the discount. B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount. C. The woman fails to come to class on time. D. The woman can’t join the new classes. 8. A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack. 9. A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn. C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion. 10. A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds. B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain. C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world. D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11. A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition. C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor. 12. A. Improving the designs of saving energy. B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance. C. Developing a new use for the existing technology. D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems. 13. A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing. C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance. 14. A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher. C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass. Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage. 15. A. According to how important the work is. B. According to when the work occurs to you. C. According to how much you like the subject. D. According to when the work should be completed. 16. A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task. C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance. 17. A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan. C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage. 18. A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness. B. They regard them as fashionable appliances. C. They want to show their taste in gift choices. D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts. 19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness. 20. A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want. C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives. Why is this? Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States 21 (not allow) to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting 22 (bring) attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country’s need for independence. For 21 days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was 23 (arouse) people’s awareness of the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States. Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, 24 is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists. Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just 25 it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. 26 he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered 27 fasting brought about after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away. Sinclair said that fasting also made him 28 (alert) and energetic. Despite the advantages, choosing to go 29 food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn’t stop people from 30 (fast) for political, religious, or health reasons. Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．topic      B．developed      C． arguably     D．increasingly     E. repeated     F. events G. shares     H. individual     I. influenced     J. appeals          K. literary Poetry is a kind of writing in which the sound and meaning of groups of words express ideas or emotion in addition to the experiences or strong feelings the writer 31 . Unlike most other forms of writing, poetry is often written in lines, rather than paragraphs. Poetry also sounds different from other forms of writing, often using rhythm and rhyme to create an interesting sound when read aloud. Poetry catches the attention of a reader because it 32 to both emotions and senses. Sound is 33 the single most important aspect of any poem. The sound that any given word makes, or the sounds that come from specific groups of words used together, are what make poetry so unique as a form of writing. A typical story or report does not focus on the sounds that each 34 word makes when read. But poems generally contain few words, so it is important that each word plays a role in making an impact on the reader. Rhythm is the flow of sounds created by successive words in a poem. When you read a poem you can often hear this 35 pattern, or “beat” in the sounds. This is called meter. Some of the oldest and best-known poetry in the world came from Ancient Greece. As far back as 700 BCE, poets there recited their work at public 36 and religious ceremonies. The great epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer came from Greece. The Greeks eventually 37 Roman poets, such as Virgil, who wrote the Aeneid 30 BCE. In medieval times, poems such as Beowulf, The Divine Comedy by Dante. and The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer were written. Religion and romance became the 38 of choice for many poets at that time. Poetry 39 even more during the Renaissance period of history, an era of many great cultural achievements. This was the period during which Shakespeare, the most well-known poet, was making his mark! Needless to say, a trend had started. Poetry has continued to grow and change as a form of 40 expression in modern times. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context AI can transform education for the better As students return to classrooms for the new year, it is striking to reflect on how little education has changed in recent decades. The sector remains a digital laggard (落后者). American schools and universities spend 2% and 5% of their budgets, 41 , on technology, compared with 8% for the average American company. When the pandemic forced schools and universities to shut down, the moment for a digital 42 seemed close when the market value of online tutoring providers like Chegg and Byju’s both increased. However, once covid was brought under control, classes continued much as before. If the pandemic couldn’t overcome the education sector’s 43 to digital interruption, can artificial intelligence? ChatGPT-like generative AI, which can converse cleverly on varieties of subjects, certainly 44 . So much so that educationalists began to 45 that students would use it to cheat on essays and homework. Increasingly, however, it is generating excitement as a means to provide 46 tutoring to various students and speed up boring tasks such as marking. Learners, for their part, are 47 the technology. Two-fifths of undergraduates reported using an AI chatbot to help them with their studies. Indeed, the technology’s popularity has raised awkward questions for companies like Chegg, which was losing customers 48 ChatGPT. Yet there are good reasons to believe that education specialists like Chegg who employ AI will eventually 49 generalists such as OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT. For one, AI chatbots often talk nonsense, an unhelpful trait in an educational context. “Students want content from 50 providers,” argues Kate Edwards, chief pedagogist at Pearson, a textbook publisher. The company has not allowed ChatGPT and other AIs to 51 its material, but has instead used the content to train its own models, which it is embedding into its set of learning apps. 52 , as Chegg’s Mr Rosensweig argues, teaching is not merely about giving students an answer, but about presenting it in a way that helps them learn. Understanding pedagogy (教学法) thus gives education specialists an 53 . Pearson has designed its AI tools to 54 students by breaking complex topics down, testing their understanding and providing quick feedback, says Ms Edwards. Byju’s is incorporating “forgetting curves” for students into the design of its AI tutoring tools, refreshing their memories at personalized 55 . Bringing AI to education will not be easy, but once answers on how to make use of this technology become clearer, such a development will certainly deserve top marks. 41．A．respectively B．appropriately C．totally D．ultimately 42．A．divide B．reverse C．boom D．withdrawal 43．A．tendency B．resistance C．attention D．anxiety 44．A．serve the purpose B．break the ice C．take the initiative D．do some good 45．A．maintain B．panic C．doubt D．wonder 46．A．personalized B．individualistic C．characteristic D．attentive 47．A．attempting B．declining C．opposing D．embracing 48．A．for B．under C．to D．in 49．A．detect B．transform C．overtake D．enhance 50．A．comprehensive B．advanced C．distinguished D．trusted 51．A．give away B．take in C．bring about D．hold up 52．A．By contrast B．Despite this C．What’s more D．As a result 53．A．applause B．edge C．hesitation D．improvement 54．A．convince B．engage C．capture D．challenge 55．A．intervals B．cost C．mercy D．best Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some things we cannot copy where I live. We will never celebrate Christmas inside a picture postcard. We have no winter wonderland, though once, inspired by a snowfall seen on the black-and-white television, I did collect some ice from the inside of the freezer to throw at my brother. By the time I got to him, all I had was a handful of rain. What we do have is electricity. As long as the Tennessee Valley Authority can light up the southern night with strands of color, shining from every house and mobile home, they can have their white Christmas. I have seen lights wrapped around mailbox posts. In the country, you need a whole lot of extension cord (电缆) to electrify a mailbox. I have seen them strung across the Peterbilt trucks. My mother never takes down her lights, strung on a cedar beam (雪松木梁) in the living room, though she does unplug them. The rich folks have switched to white lights, a lot of them, to be elegant. But it will always be lights of color, shining through a night which smells of woodsmoke, that mean Christmas to me. I find it especially hard not to live in the past at this time of year, when I would do anything to see the world like a child again. It is why I fill the refrigerator every December with chocolate-covered cherries and watch, for the hundredth time, those 50-year-old Christmas specials about Santa Claus. It is important that some things stay the same — that, at some point this season, someone will say, “We’re going to look at Christmas lights. Do you want to come?” I go sometimes and sometimes just say no. It is enough to know someone is going. I have a fine memory of the lights; I do not want it to grow less than it was by putting on it new lights bought at Walmart. 56．What is the primary feature that the author values about Christmas in their location? A．Snow-covered landscapes. B．Traditional winter wonderland scenes. C．Colorful Christmas lights. D．Cedar beams in living rooms. 57．By saying “What we do have is electricity.”, the author means electricity can _______. A．bring convenience to his life B．create a Christmas atmosphere C．generate warmth in harsh winter D．save cord to power a mailbox 58．How do the rich folks differ from others in terms of Christmas lights? A．They prefer white lights for elegance. B．They use fewer lights for simplicity. C．They avoid using extension cords. D．They rely on woodsmoke for lighting. 59．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．He takes delight in bidding farewell to the past. B．He gets fed up with looking at Christmas lights. C．He dislikes the color options available at Walmart. D．He feels relieved that Christmas lights tradition is preserved. (B) When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the people at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this world would be. At school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then, why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make our actions reflect your words.” I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励)action. Now, ten years from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken. When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices - education, career, lifestyle - life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is progress, but we aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy on sustainable way of living. And we are leaning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was idealistic and innocent. Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change. 60．The purpose of what the speaker said at the age of 12 was to ________. A．end poverty and make school beautiful B．end poverty and solve the problems about environment C．find a wonderful place and clean it up D．find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselves 61．What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to ________. A．a long period of laughing B．a warm welcome C．a long period of clapping and applauses D．an expression used for greeting 62．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature. B．the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment. C．the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice. D．the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up. (C) Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 63．The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________. A．usually has a biological basis B．varies among people C．is socially and culturally shaped D．influences one’s thinking and evaluation 64．What changes can be found in an angry brain? A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. C．Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D．Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition. 65．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger? A．Approaching the source of anger. B．Trying to control what is disliked. C．Moving away from what is disliked. D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger. 66．What is the key message of the last paragraph? A．How anger differs from other emotions. B．How anger relates to other emotions. C．Behavioural responses to anger. D．Behavioural patterns of anger. Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). 67 The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. 68 These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). 69 If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. 70 Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A．They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B．Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C．Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D．In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E．They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F．For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Are you a textaholic? Do you spend over an hour each day texting your friends? Do you frequently neglect work, study and leisure activities to check your phone for text message? Are you moody and emotional if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs from texting too much? If you answered 'Yes' to any of the above questions, then the chances are that you are a textaholic.A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving text messages.The main symptoms are strong will to text which takes precedence over (优先于) everything else, and withdrawal symptoms (戒断症状)if messages fail to come in, leading to anger, depression and a lack of self-respect.Other problems include sleeplessness, eye strain, and repetitive strain injury due to constant messaging, not to mention expensive phone bills.The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. So what can you do if you think you may be textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance.Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out.Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re — learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.这位木匠还是和过去一样幸灾乐祸。（delight v.，the way） (汉译英) 73.专业化很可能是未来人才培养的趋势，职业教育可以有效补足技术人才缺口。(likely) (汉译英) 74.少数民族服饰是一个国家的文化符号，在不同的历史时期用自己的方式绽放美丽，未来也将在树立民族形象方面起到越来越重要的作用。(way) (汉译英) 75.正是在不同场合中表现出的独立、自信使他受到了同事们的认可，被委以重任。(It) (汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李华，你的笔友David 要来中国旅游，因为对中国文化很感兴趣，他发邮件请你推荐一个旅游景点。在老街古镇和博物馆之间你会推荐哪一个？理由是什么？ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一选择性必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 3 Paying the Price 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street. 2. A. They both prefer E-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks. C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets. 3. A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price. C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality. 4. A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room. C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad. 5. A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes. C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light. 6. A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London. B. Londoners should have seen the foreign movie. C. Londoners had better learn foreigner languages. D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London. 7. A. The woman missed the discount. B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount. C. The woman fails to come to class on time. D. The woman can’t join the new classes. 8. A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack. 9. A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn. C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion. 10. A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds. B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain. C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world. D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11. A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition. C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor. 12. A. Improving the designs of saving energy. B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance. C. Developing a new use for the existing technology. D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems. 13. A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing. C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance. 14. A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher. C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass. Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage. 15. A. According to how important the work is. B. According to when the work occurs to you. C. According to how much you like the subject. D. According to when the work should be completed. 16. A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task. C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance. 17. A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan. C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage. 18. A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness. B. They regard them as fashionable appliances. C. They want to show their taste in gift choices. D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts. 19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness. 20. A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want. C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives. Why is this? Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States 21 (not allow) to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting 22 (bring) attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country’s need for independence. For 21 days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was 23 (arouse) people’s awareness of the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States. Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, 24 is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists. Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just 25 it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. 26 he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered 27 fasting brought about after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away. Sinclair said that fasting also made him 28 (alert) and energetic. Despite the advantages, choosing to go 29 food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn’t stop people from 30 (fast) for political, religious, or health reasons. Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．topic      B．developed      C． arguably     D．increasingly     E. repeated     F. events G. shares     H. individual     I. influenced     J. appeals          K. literary Poetry is a kind of writing in which the sound and meaning of groups of words express ideas or emotion in addition to the experiences or strong feelings the writer 31 . Unlike most other forms of writing, poetry is often written in lines, rather than paragraphs. Poetry also sounds different from other forms of writing, often using rhythm and rhyme to create an interesting sound when read aloud. Poetry catches the attention of a reader because it 32 to both emotions and senses. Sound is 33 the single most important aspect of any poem. The sound that any given word makes, or the sounds that come from specific groups of words used together, are what make poetry so unique as a form of writing. A typical story or report does not focus on the sounds that each 34 word makes when read. But poems generally contain few words, so it is important that each word plays a role in making an impact on the reader. Rhythm is the flow of sounds created by successive words in a poem. When you read a poem you can often hear this 35 pattern, or “beat” in the sounds. This is called meter. Some of the oldest and best-known poetry in the world came from Ancient Greece. As far back as 700 BCE, poets there recited their work at public 36 and religious ceremonies. The great epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer came from Greece. The Greeks eventually 37 Roman poets, such as Virgil, who wrote the Aeneid 30 BCE. In medieval times, poems such as Beowulf, The Divine Comedy by Dante. and The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer were written. Religion and romance became the 38 of choice for many poets at that time. Poetry 39 even more during the Renaissance period of history, an era of many great cultural achievements. This was the period during which Shakespeare, the most well-known poet, was making his mark! Needless to say, a trend had started. Poetry has continued to grow and change as a form of 40 expression in modern times. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context AI can transform education for the better As students return to classrooms for the new year, it is striking to reflect on how little education has changed in recent decades. The sector remains a digital laggard (落后者). American schools and universities spend 2% and 5% of their budgets, 41 , on technology, compared with 8% for the average American company. When the pandemic forced schools and universities to shut down, the moment for a digital 42 seemed close when the market value of online tutoring providers like Chegg and Byju’s both increased. However, once covid was brought under control, classes continued much as before. If the pandemic couldn’t overcome the education sector’s 43 to digital interruption, can artificial intelligence? ChatGPT-like generative AI, which can converse cleverly on varieties of subjects, certainly 44 . So much so that educationalists began to 45 that students would use it to cheat on essays and homework. Increasingly, however, it is generating excitement as a means to provide 46 tutoring to various students and speed up boring tasks such as marking. Learners, for their part, are 47 the technology. Two-fifths of undergraduates reported using an AI chatbot to help them with their studies. Indeed, the technology’s popularity has raised awkward questions for companies like Chegg, which was losing customers 48 ChatGPT. Yet there are good reasons to believe that education specialists like Chegg who employ AI will eventually 49 generalists such as OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT. For one, AI chatbots often talk nonsense, an unhelpful trait in an educational context. “Students want content from 50 providers,” argues Kate Edwards, chief pedagogist at Pearson, a textbook publisher. The company has not allowed ChatGPT and other AIs to 51 its material, but has instead used the content to train its own models, which it is embedding into its set of learning apps. 52 , as Chegg’s Mr Rosensweig argues, teaching is not merely about giving students an answer, but about presenting it in a way that helps them learn. Understanding pedagogy (教学法) thus gives education specialists an 53 . Pearson has designed its AI tools to 54 students by breaking complex topics down, testing their understanding and providing quick feedback, says Ms Edwards. Byju’s is incorporating “forgetting curves” for students into the design of its AI tutoring tools, refreshing their memories at personalized 55 . Bringing AI to education will not be easy, but once answers on how to make use of this technology become clearer, such a development will certainly deserve top marks. 41．A．respectively B．appropriately C．totally D．ultimately 42．A．divide B．reverse C．boom D．withdrawal 43．A．tendency B．resistance C．attention D．anxiety 44．A．serve the purpose B．break the ice C．take the initiative D．do some good 45．A．maintain B．panic C．doubt D．wonder 46．A．personalized B．individualistic C．characteristic D．attentive 47．A．attempting B．declining C．opposing D．embracing 48．A．for B．under C．to D．in 49．A．detect B．transform C．overtake D．enhance 50．A．comprehensive B．advanced C．distinguished D．trusted 51．A．give away B．take in C．bring about D．hold up 52．A．By contrast B．Despite this C．What’s more D．As a result 53．A．applause B．edge C．hesitation D．improvement 54．A．convince B．engage C．capture D．challenge 55．A．intervals B．cost C．mercy D．best Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some things we cannot copy where I live. We will never celebrate Christmas inside a picture postcard. We have no winter wonderland, though once, inspired by a snowfall seen on the black-and-white television, I did collect some ice from the inside of the freezer to throw at my brother. By the time I got to him, all I had was a handful of rain. What we do have is electricity. As long as the Tennessee Valley Authority can light up the southern night with strands of color, shining from every house and mobile home, they can have their white Christmas. I have seen lights wrapped around mailbox posts. In the country, you need a whole lot of extension cord (电缆) to electrify a mailbox. I have seen them strung across the Peterbilt trucks. My mother never takes down her lights, strung on a cedar beam (雪松木梁) in the living room, though she does unplug them. The rich folks have switched to white lights, a lot of them, to be elegant. But it will always be lights of color, shining through a night which smells of woodsmoke, that mean Christmas to me. I find it especially hard not to live in the past at this time of year, when I would do anything to see the world like a child again. It is why I fill the refrigerator every December with chocolate-covered cherries and watch, for the hundredth time, those 50-year-old Christmas specials about Santa Claus. It is important that some things stay the same — that, at some point this season, someone will say, “We’re going to look at Christmas lights. Do you want to come?” I go sometimes and sometimes just say no. It is enough to know someone is going. I have a fine memory of the lights; I do not want it to grow less than it was by putting on it new lights bought at Walmart. 56．What is the primary feature that the author values about Christmas in their location? A．Snow-covered landscapes. B．Traditional winter wonderland scenes. C．Colorful Christmas lights. D．Cedar beams in living rooms. 57．By saying “What we do have is electricity.”, the author means electricity can _______. A．bring convenience to his life B．create a Christmas atmosphere C．generate warmth in harsh winter D．save cord to power a mailbox 58．How do the rich folks differ from others in terms of Christmas lights? A．They prefer white lights for elegance. B．They use fewer lights for simplicity. C．They avoid using extension cords. D．They rely on woodsmoke for lighting. 59．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．He takes delight in bidding farewell to the past. B．He gets fed up with looking at Christmas lights. C．He dislikes the color options available at Walmart. D．He feels relieved that Christmas lights tradition is preserved. (B) When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the people at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this world would be. At school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then, why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make our actions reflect your words.” I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励)action. Now, ten years from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken. When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices - education, career, lifestyle - life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is progress, but we aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy on sustainable way of living. And we are leaning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was idealistic and innocent. Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change. 60．The purpose of what the speaker said at the age of 12 was to ________. A．end poverty and make school beautiful B．end poverty and solve the problems about environment C．find a wonderful place and clean it up D．find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselves 61．What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to ________. A．a long period of laughing B．a warm welcome C．a long period of clapping and applauses D．an expression used for greeting 62．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature. B．the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment. C．the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice. D．the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up. (C) Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 63．The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________. A．usually has a biological basis B．varies among people C．is socially and culturally shaped D．influences one’s thinking and evaluation 64．What changes can be found in an angry brain? A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. C．Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D．Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition. 65．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger? A．Approaching the source of anger. B．Trying to control what is disliked. C．Moving away from what is disliked. D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger. 66．What is the key message of the last paragraph? A．How anger differs from other emotions. B．How anger relates to other emotions. C．Behavioural responses to anger. D．Behavioural patterns of anger. Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). 67 The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. 68 These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). 69 If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. 70 Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A．They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B．Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C．Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D．In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E．They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F．For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Are you a textaholic? Do you spend over an hour each day texting your friends? Do you frequently neglect work, study and leisure activities to check your phone for text message? Are you moody and emotional if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs from texting too much? If you answered 'Yes' to any of the above questions, then the chances are that you are a textaholic.A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving text messages.The main symptoms are strong will to text which takes precedence over (优先于) everything else, and withdrawal symptoms (戒断症状)if messages fail to come in, leading to anger, depression and a lack of self-respect.Other problems include sleeplessness, eye strain, and repetitive strain injury due to constant messaging, not to mention expensive phone bills.The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. So what can you do if you think you may be textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance.Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out.Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re — learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.这位木匠还是和过去一样幸灾乐祸。（delight v.，the way） (汉译英) 73.专业化很可能是未来人才培养的趋势，职业教育可以有效补足技术人才缺口。(likely) (汉译英) 74.少数民族服饰是一个国家的文化符号，在不同的历史时期用自己的方式绽放美丽，未来也将在树立民族形象方面起到越来越重要的作用。(way) (汉译英) 75.正是在不同场合中表现出的独立、自信使他受到了同事们的认可，被委以重任。(It) (汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李华，你的笔友David 要来中国旅游，因为对中国文化很感兴趣，他发邮件请你推荐一个旅游景点。在老街古镇和博物馆之间你会推荐哪一个？理由是什么？ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$