内容正文:
Module 2
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
一般过去时中 How many 与 How much 的特殊疑问句 高频易错点01
一、how many的用法
how many用来对可数名词的数量提问,后接可数名词的复数形式。
句型结构:—How many +可数名词复数+一般疑问句?
—基数词+可数名词(复数).
例:—How many books did you buy? 你买了多少本书?
—Five books. 五本书。
二、how much的用法
1. how much用来对不可数名词的量提问,后接不可数名词。句型结构:
—How much +不可数名词+一般疑问句?
—Half a kilo./ Six bottles...
例: —How much bread did you buy? 你买了多少面包?
—Half a kilo. 0.5千克。
2. how much用来询问价钱,意思是“多少钱”。
句型结构:
(1) How much is+可数名词单数/不可数名词?
(2) How much are +可数名词复数?
例: How much is this book? 这本书多少钱?
How much is milk? 牛奶多少钱?
How much are two apples? 两个苹果多少钱?
易错点提示
(1) 混淆名词类型:不可数名词(如 juice, cheese)只能用 how much,可数名词复数(如 apples, eggs)只能用 how many。
错误示例:How many cheese did you buy?(×)
正确示例:How much cheese did you buy?(√)
(2) 疑问句中动词形式错误:助动词 did 后必须用动词原形 buy,不可用过去式 bought。
错误示例:How many pears did she bought?(×)
正确示例:How many pears did she buy?(√)
小练笔
单项选择。
( ) 1. How many ________ did you buy?
A. schoolbag B. schoolbags C. ball
( ) 2. How much ________ did you eat?
A. chocolate B. vegetables C. noodles
( ) 3. How many ________ do you have?
A. box B. boxes C. a box
( ) 4. How many ________ are there in your school?
A. boy B. child C. girls
( ) 5.—________ is the T- shirt? —It's sixty yuan.
A. How B. How many C. How much
( ) 6.—How many hats do you have? —________
A. Three hats. B. Three cats. C. Three hat.
点
拨
1. B 解析: how many意为“多少”, 对可数名词的数量提问, 后面加可数名词复数。
2. A 解析: how much 意为“多少”, 对不可数名词的量提问, 后面加不可数名词。
3. B 4. C
5. C 解析: how much 意为“多少钱”, 对价格提问。
6. A 解析: how many 意为“多少”, 对可数名词的数量提问, 答句结构为“基数词+可数名词(复数).”。
一般过去时中 some 与 any 的用法高频易错点02
用法规则
词性
肯定句
否定句 / 疑问句
some
用于肯定句,修饰可数/不可数名词
用于表请求、建议的疑问句
(如 “Would you like some...?”)
any
不适用
用于否定句和一般疑问句,修饰可数/不可数名词
易错点提示
· 否定句中误用 some:表示 “没有一些” 时,必须用 any。
错误示例:We didn’t buy some chocolate.(×)
正确示例:We didn’t buy any chocolate.(√)
· 一般疑问句中误用 some:除表请求外,疑问句需用 any。
错误示例:Did you buy some apples?(×)
正确示例:Did you buy any apples?(√)
小练笔
用 some 或 any 填空。
1.Amy bought __________ juice for the picnic.
2.They didn’t buy __________ cheese yesterday.
3.—Did you eat __________ bananas? —No, I didn’t.
4.Let’s buy __________ pears. They look fresh.
点
拨
1.some 解析:肯定句中用 some 修饰不可数名词 juice。
2.any 解析:否定句中用 any 修饰不可数名词 cheese。
3.any 解析:一般疑问句中用 any 修饰可数名词 bananas。
4.some 解析:肯定句表建议,用 some 修饰可数名词 pears。
购物场景中的不规则动词过去式高频易错点03
常见动词及过去式
动词原形
过去式
例句(课本相关)
buy
bought
What did you buy?(你买了什么?)
eat
ate
She ate all the chocolate.(她吃光了巧克力。)
drink
drank
He drank two bottles of juice.(他喝了两瓶果汁。)
have
had
We had a big bag.(我们有一个大袋子。)
易错点提示
(1) 混淆规则与不规则变化:如将 drink 的过去式误写为 “drinked”(×),正确为 “drank”(√)。
(2) 否定句中动词形式错误:助动词 didn’t 后需用动词原形,不可用过去式。
错误示例:They didn’t ate the fruit.(×)
正确示例:They didn’t eat the fruit.(√)
小练笔
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.She _________(drink)a bottle of milk this morning.
2.We _________(buy)half a kilo of cheese last week.
3._________(do)you _________(eat)all the apples?
1.drank 解析:this morning 表示过去时间,drink 的过去式是 drank。
2.bought 解析:last week 表示过去时间,buy 的过去式是 bought。
3.Did; eat 解析:一般过去时的一般疑问句用助动词 Did,后接动词原形 eat。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 根据图片或首字母提示填词。
1.— milk do you want?
—Five , please.
2.This is h an apple.
3.We bought two bottles of .
4.She ate all the .
5.Daming bought some bananas and .
6.Jack ate apples.
7.I need a big for my picnic.
2、 选词填空。
first How many lost any How much list
8.Let’s make a shopping .
9.Let’s do our homework .
10. cheese did you buy?
11.We didn’t buy rice at all.
12.Yesterday he his books in the classroom.
13. pears do you want?
3、 用 “How many” 或 “How much” 填空。
14. tea do you want?
15. bananas did you buy?
16. apples did you eat?
17. cheese do you have?
18. rice do you need?
4、 单项选择。
( )19.Mr Wang ______ an English teacher five years ago. Now he ______ a Chinese teacher.
A.was; is B.was; was C.is; was
( )20.—_______ juice did you buy?
—We bought three bottles.
A.How many B.How far C.How much
( )21. —How much milk did you buy?
—I bought ________.
A.six B.one bottle C.any
( )22.How ______ water do we need?
A.much B.many C.old
( )23.—______ Amy like chocolate?
—Yes, she ______.
A.Does; do B.Do; do C.Does; does
( )24.Did Tom _____ all the chocolate?
A.eat B.eating C.ate
( )25.—What did you ______ at the supermarket?
—I ______ some bananas and juice.
A.buy; buy B.buy; bought C.bought; bought
( )26.—How much ______ did you buy?
—Two kilos.
A.bananas B.apple C.rice
( )27.—______ bananas did you buy?
—We didn’t buy any bananas. We bought twelve eggs.
A.How many B.How much C.What
( )28.—How _______ juice did you buy?
—Two bottles.
A.many B.some C.much
5、 按要求完成下列句子。
29.We bought four pears. (改为一般疑问句)
you four pears?
30.Did you need any bananas? (作否定回答)
, I .
31.Linda bought one kilo of cheese. (对划线部分提问)
Cheese did Linda buy?
32.The fruit is here. (对划线部分提问)
is the fruit?
33.I want six apples. (对划线部分提问)
apples do you want?
6、 情景交际。 选择正确的语句,将其序号写在横线上。
A: Hi, Lingling! Where did you go yesterday?
B: 34 A.How many apples did you buy?
B.I went to the supermarket.
C.How much milk did you buy?
D.No, I didn’t.
E.I bought some apples and milk.
A: What did you buy?
B: 35
A: 36
B: I bought five apples.
A: 37
B: I bought two bottles.
A: Did you buy any chocolate?
B: 38 I don’t like it.
7、 完形填空。
I 39 to the supermarket with Amy yesterday. We need food 40 our picnic. I 41 the 42 with me. The first thing 43 apples. We all like apples, so I 44 six kilos. The next was milk. We just bought two boxes of milk because Sam and Lily 45 like milk. Then, how 46 noodles did we buy? Let me see. We bought 47 a kilo. 48 last, we got a kilo of cheese and went home together. We were very happy.
( )39.A.go B.goes C.went
( )40.A.for B.in C.at
( )41.A.took B.takes C.taking
( )42.A.book B.news C.shopping list
( )43.A.is B.was C.were
( )44.A.buys B.brought C.bought
( )45.A.don't B.doesn't C.did
( )46.A.old B.much C.many
( )47.A.half B.two C.three
( )48.A.In B.At C.On
参考答案
1. How much bottles
【详解】句意:—你想要多少牛奶?—5瓶。本题考查固定搭配和可数名词及其单复数。根据句意可知询问数量,milk是不可数名词,用How much提问,根据图片可知单词是bottle瓶,Five后接可数名词复数,bottle的复数是bottles。故答案为How;much;bottles。
2.half/alf
【详解】句意:这是半个苹果。本题考查其他固定搭配。图片是半个苹果,half an apple半个苹果,符合句意,故答案为half。
3.
【详解】句意:我们买了两瓶果汁。本题考查不可数名词。根据图片和首字母,可知单词为juice果汁,不可数名词,不加s,故答案为。
4.
【详解】句意:她吃了所有的巧克力。本题考查不可数名词。根据图片和首字母,可知单词为chocolate巧克力,不可数名词,不加s,故答案为。
5.
【详解】句意:大明买了一些香蕉和大米。本题考查不可数名词。图中是香蕉和大米,大米rice,不可数名词,不加s,故答案为。
6.
【详解】句意:杰克吃了三个苹果。本题考查基数词。根据图片和首字母,可知单词为three三,基数词,故答案为。
7.
【详解】句意:我野餐需要一个大包。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据图片和首字母,可知单词为bag包,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为。
8.list 9.first 10.How much 11.any 12.lost 13.How many
【解析】8.句意:让我们列一个购物________吧。根据句意及所给单词可知,该空填list清单,shopping list购物清单,故答案为list。
9.句意:让我们________做家庭作业吧。根据句意及所给单词可知,该空填first首先的,符合句意,故答案为first。
10.句意:你买了________奶酪?根据句意及所给单词可知,cheese(奶酪)是不可数名词,用How much(多少)提问,故答案为How much。
11.句意:我们根本就没买大米。根据句意及所给单词可知,句子是陈述句否定形式,rice是不可数名词,用any(一些)修饰,故答案为any。
12.句意:昨天他把书________在教室里了。根据句意及所给单词可知,句子是一般过去时,该空填lost(丢失)符合句意,故答案为lost。
13.句意:你想要________梨?根据句意及所给单词可知,pears是可数名词复数,询问数量,用How many(多少)提问,故答案为How many。
14.How much 15.How many 16.How many 17.How much 18.How much
【分析】how many后面接可数名词复数,how much后面不可数名词
14.tea是不可数名词,故答案为How much。
15.banana是可数名词,故答案为How many。
16.apple是可数名词,故答案为How many。
17.cheese是不可数名词,故答案为How much。
18.rice是不可数名词,故答案为How much。
【点睛】
19.A
【详解】句意:王先生五年前是一名英语老师。现在他是一名语文老师。本题考查be动词。根据five years ago可知句子是一般过去时,主语Mr Wang是第三人称单数,be用is的过去式was;根据now可知句子是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,be用is。故选A。
20.C
【详解】句意:—你们买了多少果汁?—我们买了三瓶。本题考查固定搭配和特殊疑问句。A多少,B多远,C多少,根据答语可知问句问数量,juice是不可数名词,故选C。
21.B
【详解】句意:—你买了多少牛奶?—我买了______。本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。A六,B一瓶,C一些。milk是不可数名词,前面不能直接用基数词,排除A;any用于否定句或疑问句中表示一些,排除C;根据句意可知选项B符合,故选B。
22.A
【详解】句意:我们需要多少水?本题考查固定搭配和特殊疑问句。how much多少/多少钱,how many多少,how old多大,根据句意可知问需要多少水,water是不可数名词,故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:—艾米喜欢巧克力吗?—是的,她喜欢。本题考查助动词和一般疑问句的答语。主语Amy是第三人称单数,助动词用does,does引导的一般疑问句用does回答,故选C。
24.A
【详解】句意:汤姆吃了所有的巧克力吗?本题考查动词的形式,A是动词原形,B是动词的ing形式,C是动词过去式。助动词did后的动词用原形,故选A。
25.B
【详解】句意:—你在超市买什么了?—我买了一些香蕉和果汁。本题考查动词的形式。助动词did后的动词用原形;问答句时态要一致,问句是一般过去时,答语也应是一般过去时,答语谓语动词用过去式。bought是buy的过去式,故选B。
26.C
【详解】句意:—你买了多少米饭?—两公斤。本题考查不可数名词。A香蕉,可数名词复数;B苹果,可数名词单数;C米饭,不可数名词。how much询问数量,后跟不可数名词,故选C。
27.A
【详解】句意:—你们买了多少根香蕉?—我们没有买香蕉。我们买了十二个鸡蛋。本题考查固定搭配和特殊疑问句。A多少,B多少/多少钱,C什么,根据句意可知问买了多少根香蕉,bananas是可数名词复数,用how many提问,故选A。
28.C
【详解】句意:—你买了多少瓶饮料?—2瓶。本题考查其他固定搭配。A很多,B一些,C很多,juice饮料,是不可数名词,对不可数名词进行提问,故用how much。故选C。
29. Did buy 30. No didn’t 31. How much 32.Where 33. How many
【解析】29.略
30.略
31.略
32.略
33.略
34.B 35.E 36.A 37.C 38.D
【导语】本文讲了昨天买的食物。
34.上句问:你昨天去哪里了?可知这句回答地点,选项B“我去了超市。”符合语境,故选B。
35.上句问:你买了什么?可知这句回答买了什么,选项E“我买了一些苹果和牛奶。”符合语境,故选E。
36.下句说:我买了五个苹果。可知这句问数量,选项A“你买了多少个苹果?”符合语境,故选A。
37.下句说:我买了两瓶。可知这句问数量,选项C“你买了多少牛奶?”符合语境,故选C。
38.上句问:你买巧克力了吗?可知这句用yes或no回答,选项D“不,我没有。”符合语境,故选D。
39.C 40.A 41.A 42.C 43.B 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.A 48.B
【解析】略
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