U1.3 Discovering Useful Structures&Listening and Talking-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册五维课堂同步Word教案（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P6)He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. 他向我们解释了建造一个如此艰难的结构的过程。 process n．过程；进程；步骤vt.处理；加工 ◆[佳句感知] We are all deeply moved by the ceremony，from which we realize that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth. 我们被成人礼仪式所深深触动，我们从中意识到责任感总是与我们的成长同步。 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①Care of the soul is 　a gradual process　 in which even the small details of life should be considered. 对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中的小细节都应该考虑在内。 ②We are still 　in the process of moving　. 我们还在搬着家呢。 ③Your application for a mortgage is 　in process　，which will not last long. 你申请按揭贷款的事正在办理中，这件事情不会持续很久。 ④All the information was then ready to 　be processed into　 film negatives. 然后，所有的资料都准备好要被制成胶片了。 语法填空 ⑤Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and 　forgiveness　 (forgive)． ⑥Such a person may 　be forgiven　 (forgive)if he is late，but not those who are deliberately late to create impression. 2．(教材P7)Forgive me for asking，but... 请原谅我询问，但…… forgive vt.&vi.原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅 　◆[佳句感知] Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. 原谅自己所犯的错误。 ◆[即学即练] 完成句子 ①She was quite later than usual.However，he 　forgave her for it　. 她比往常晚了很多，但是他原谅了她。 ②Can you 　forgive me for forgetting　 your birthday? 你能原谅我忘了你的生日吗？ ③I 　forgave her the mistake　 /forgave her for the mistake she had made. 我原谅了她所犯的错误。 限制性定语从句(Ⅲ) 自我探究 总结归纳 1.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future when，关系副词，作时间状语，在句中相当于during the time 2.Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage that，关系代词，指物，作主语，在从句中相当于cultural relics 3.After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959 who，关系代词，指人作主语，在从句中相当于scientists(前一个)和citizens(后一个) 4.Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece，and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water where，关系副词，作地点状语，在从句中相当于in the place 5.Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO，which runs a programme that prevents cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing which，关系代词，指物，作主语，在从句中相当于UNESCO，that关系代词，指物，作主语，在从句中相当于the programme [基本概念] 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which、as；关系副词有where、when、why。 [思维导图] [语法精析] 一、关系代词 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语(在限制性定语从句中可省略) whom 人 宾语(在限制性定语从句中可省略) whose(＝of whom/of which) 人的或 物的 定语 that 人或物 主语、宾语(在限制性定语从句中可省略) which 物 主语、宾语(在限制性定语从句中可省略) 　①The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，formed the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759. 例如，由Hans Sloane先生所收集的80,000件物品组成了1759年落成运营的大英博物馆的核心展览。 ②The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now. 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。 ③I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。 ④ The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人的数量达100万。 ◆[学以致用] ①Understanding her good intentions，I eat the food 　that/which　 is provided by Mom with appreciation. ②They were well trained by their masters 　who/that　 had great experience with caring for these animals. ③I am writing to tell you some details about the match 　which/that　 is due to be organised this Saturday afternoon in the city's stadium. ④In ancient China lived an artist 　whose　 paintings were almost lifelike. ⑤Researchers from Georgin Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device (装置)　that/which　 gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. 二、关系副词 关系副词 先行词 句法功能 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 ①Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to earth. 因为月球本身阻挡直线通讯信号，中国只好首先发射一颗卫星固定在月球上面的轨道点上，在那它可以发射信息号到飞船和地球。 ②I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane. 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 ③This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这就是我去年待过的山村。 ④The reason why he failed the exam was that he didn't study hard. 他考试不及格的原因是他学习不努力。 注意：当先行词为situation、ease、stage、point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。 ⑤They have reached the point where they have to break up with each other. 他们已经到了必须分手的地步。 ◆[学以致用] ①However，Molai went looking on his own and discovered a nearby island 　where　 he began to plant trees. ②I still remember the day 　when　 I first came to Beijing. ③Yesterday my brother and I went to the beach 　where　 we watched some people play volleyball. ④The reason 　why　 he came late was that it rained hard. 三、关系代词和关系副词的辨析方法 准确判断引导词在定语从句中所作的成分(主语、宾语、定语和状语)，从而才能正确判断出是填关系代词还是关系副词。 ①This is the museum where we saw the famous painting.(引导词在从句中作状语) 这就是我们看到那幅名画的博物馆。 ②This is the museum which/that we visited last summer.(引导词在从句中作宾语) 这就是我们去年夏天参观的那个博物馆。 ◆[学以致用] ①The factory 　where　 my father worked was built when China was founded. ②The factory 　that/which　 my father visited was built when China was founded. ③The days 　that/which　 he spent with his friends were quite pleasant. ④The days 　when　 he worked with his friends were quite pleasant. ⑤I don't believe the reason 　why　 you were absent yesterday. ⑥I don't believe the reason 　that/which　 you gave for your absence yesterday. 四、“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句 (一)构成形式 构成 句法 功能 用法指津 名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词 主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构 数词/形容词最高级＋of＋关系代词 主语 数词还可以用some、many、most等替换 介词(短语)＋关系代词 状语 关系代词常用which、whom或whose，且不能省略 介词＋关系代词＋名词 状语 关系代词常用which和whose 介词＋关系副词 状语 有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from或to ①Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choice on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. 餐厅可以在菜单上提供各种食物的选择，同时提供音乐选择，让顾客更好地控制就餐氛围。 ②Recently，I bought an ancient vase the price of which/whose price was very reasonable. 最近，我买了一个古董花瓶，它的价格很合理。 ③He has ten cousins，the youngest of whom is very clever. 他有十个表兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。 ④Rose is the person about whom you should care. Rose是你应该关心的那个人。 ⑤We bought a house at the back of which was a large garden. 我们买了一座后面有一个花园的房子。 ⑥I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm by which time many people have gone home. 直到五点半以后，很多人都已经回家了，我似乎才有时间。 ⑦There is a big window in my room from where I can see the railway station. 我的房间有一个大窗户，透过它我可以看到火车站。 (二)选用介词的依据 1．根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因它而出名。(be famous for“因……而出名”) 2．根据与先行词搭配的具体意义。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照片的相机。(with camera“用照相机”) 3．根据句子的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种离了它我们就无法生存的无色气体叫作氧气。 4．表示“所属”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。 I have about 10 books half of which are written by Mo Yan. 我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。 [名师点津]　在定语从句中，有一些“动词＋介词”短语中的介词提前将会失去短语动词的意义，即不能把介词移至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有：look after，look for，care for，deal with，get through，hear from/of，send for，see to等。 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正) The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误) ◆[学以致用] ①He wrote many children's books nearly half 　of which　 were published in the 1990s. ②I wish to thank Smith 　without whose　 help I would never have gone so far. ③English is a language shared by several cultures each 　of which　 uses it differently. ④The children all 　of whom　 had played the whole day were worn out. Ⅰ.单句写作 1．她送生日礼物的那个人是谁？ 2．她在其中扮演主角的那部电影是一个巨大的成功。 3．他收到了他期待已久的那封信。(look forward to) 4．在漆黑的大街上，没有她可以求助的人。(turn to) 5．上周末，我们参观了爷爷出生的那家医院。 6．我和史密斯先生一起工作的日子很快乐。 7．他没有完成工作的理由不合理(reasonable)。 答案：1.Who is the man (that) she gave the birthday present to? 2．The film (that/which) she played the leading role in was a great success.或The film in which she played the leading role was a great success. 3．He received the letter (that/which) he was looking forward to. 4．In the dark street, there was no one (who/whom) she could turn to for help.或In the dark street, there was no one to whom she could turn for help. 5．We visited the hospital where my grandpa was born last weekend. 6．The days when I worked with Mr.Smith were pleasant. 7．The reason why he didn't finish the work was not reasonable. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．This is the school 　 　 he visited last week.(which/where) 2．This is the school 　 　 he studied last year.(which/where) 3．The days 　 　 he spent with his friends were quite pleasant. (which/when) 4．The day 　 　 he stayed with his friends were quite pleasant.(which/when) 答案：1.which　2.where　3.which　4.when Ⅲ.用适当的关系词填空 Kate is my classmate 　 1 　 mother is my former English teacher.Kate is a girl 　 2 　 is easy to get along with and we all like her.She took the first place in the Speech Contest，　 3 　 made her mother happy.The winter holiday is coming 　 4 　 Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother.As we all know，Hong Kong is a shopping paradise 　 5 　 Kate intends to buy what she needs. 答案：1.whose 　2.who/that　3.which　4.when　5.where 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$