必修1 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（学案）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版）

|背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．tornado n．　　　　　 龙卷风；旋风 2．drought n. 旱灾；久旱 3．landslide n. (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡 4．slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑动 5．tsunami n. 海啸 6．magnitude n. 震级；重大 7．evacuate vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤离 8．helicopter n. 直升机 9．crack n. 裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt. (使)破裂 10．brick n. 砖；砖块 11．metal n. 金属 12．unify vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体 13．context n. 上下文；语境；背景 14．volcano n. 火山 15．typhoon n. 台风 16．hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)飓风 17．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 18．aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt. 帮助；援助 19．kit n. 成套工具；成套设备 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．disaster n. 灾难；灾害 2．flood n. 洪水；大量 vi. 淹没；大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水；淹没 3．rescue n．& vt. 营救；救援 4．damage vt. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失 5．destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭 6．shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避(风雨或危险) 7．ruin n．& vt. 破坏；毁坏 8．percent n. 百分之…… adj.& adv. 每一百中 9．trap vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱 10．bury vt. 埋葬；安葬 11．effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 12．supply n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt. 供应；供给 13．tap vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 14．pipe n. 管子；管道 15．whistle vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声 16．calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静；使镇静 17．crash vt.& vi. 碰撞；撞击 n. 撞车；碰撞 18．sweep vt.& vi. (swept，swept) 打扫；清扫 19．wave n. 海浪；波浪 vi.& vt. 挥手；招手 20．strike vi.& vt. 侵袭；突击；击打 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．die　　　　vi.　　　 死；死亡 death n. 死；死亡 dead adj. 死的 deadly adj. 致命的 2．affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 affection n. 感情；喜爱 3．shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 震惊的 4．electric adj. 用电的；电动的 electricity n. 电；电能 electrical adj. 与电有关的 5．breath n. 呼吸 breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸 6．revive vt.& vi. 复活；(使)苏醒 revival n. 振兴；复苏 7．wise adj. 充满智慧的；明智的；英明的 wisdom n. 智慧；才智 8．suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受vi.受苦 suffering n. 折磨；苦难；痛苦 9．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出 eruption n. 喷发；(战争、怒气等的)爆发 10．survive vi. 生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过 survival n. 幸存 survivor n. 幸存者 11．power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 powerful adj. 有权势的；强有力的 powerless adj. 无权的；无能为力的 12．deliver vt.& vi. 递送；传达vt.发表 delivery n. 传送；递送；演讲方式 13．summary n. 总结；概括；概要 summarize v. 总结；概述 14．effect n. 影响；结果；效果 effective adj. 有效的 effectively adv. 有效地 15．long adj. 长的 length n. 长；长度 lengthen v. (使)变长 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．相互“帮助” ①aid v．& n．　　　　 援助；帮助 ②help v．& n. 帮助 ③assist v. 帮助；协助 ④favour n. 帮忙 ⑤support v．& n. 支持；帮助 2．多记名词后缀­th ①length 长；长度 ②strength 体力；力量；长处 ③depth 深度；最深处；深厚 ④truth 事实；真相；真理 ⑤growth 成长；生长；增长 ⑥warmth 温暖；暖和；热情 |背|短|语| 1．as if 似乎；好像；仿佛 2．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 3．in shock 震惊；吃惊 4．come to an end 结束；终结 5．dig out 挖掘出；发现 6．on hand 现有(尤指帮助) 7．nothing but 仅仅；只有 8．sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 9．cut across　　　　　　 　 抄近路穿过 10．get back up on one's feet 重新振作起来 11．in the open air 露天；在户外 12．carry out 执行；实施；贯彻；完成 13．out of gratitude 出于感激 14．fall down 跌倒；倒塌 15．in all directions 朝四面八方 |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引导表语从句或方式状语从句) 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 2．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. (be doing ...when ...正在做……这时……) 当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：灾害救助 1．A severe earthquake destroyed almost everything, leaving badly damaged buildings.一场剧烈的地震几乎摧毁了一切，留下了严重受损的建筑物。 2．Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to make sure that people are safe. 救援工人和士兵们正日夜工作，以确保人们安全。 3．Rescue teams are providing food and water, and shelters have been set up by the government. 救援队正提供食物和水，政府已设立避难所。 4．Governments, organisations and individuals went all out to fight against the terrible disaster and supplied the disaster­stricken areas with donations of money and materials. 政府、组织以及个人都全力以赴与这场可怕的灾难做斗争，并向受灾地区捐款、捐物。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：形体描写之“眼” He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition. 他点点头，咬紧嘴唇，眼泪夺眶而出。我紧紧地抱住他，轻轻地拍拍他的后背，“我相信你，你不会被别人看不起的。反而你跑步时大家都会为你鼓劲！”大卫瞬间受到激励，同意继续跑。看到他坚毅的眼神，我擦去他脸上的泪珠，保证陪他一直到比赛的结束。 高分悟道 本段中使用了“tears welling up in his eyes(独立主格结构), Seeing the determination in his eyes(分词作状语)”等与眼有关的动作，描写出人物由伤心到坚定的心理状态的变化，形象地展现了大卫不服输的坚强性格。 高分有招 常见的与“眼”相关的高分词块有： stare/gaze at　　　　　　　凝视 glare at 怒视 glance/glimpse at 瞥一眼 one's eyes narrow 眯起眼睛 fix/focus one's eyes on 集中注意力于 catch/lose sight of 看见/看不见 keep an eye on 照看 meet one's eyes 接触某人的目光 本部分内容见《课前默写本》P625 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点 1．The 　　　　　 (electric) went out during the storm. 2．She 　(breath) a sigh of relief when she found her key. 3．His 　 (wise) was evident in his thoughtful decisions. 4．After the surgery, the patient experienced some 　　　　(suffer)． 5．They felt 　　　　　 (power) to stop the spread of the rumor. 6．The 　　　　　 (deliver) of the pizza was surprisingly fast. 7．To 　　　　　 (summary), the experiment was a success. 8．Walking can help 　　　　　 (length) your lifespan. 9．Many people were injured and 3 people 　　　　　 (death) in the accident.,易错微点 1．breath为名词，breathe为动词，仅一字母只差，词性却不同。breathe a sigh of relief意为“松了口气”。 2．suffer用作及物动词时，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, loss, damage等名词作宾语。suffering 为名词，意为“疼痛；苦难；痛苦”。 3．summarize 为动词，意为“总结”；词缀­ize使名词转化为动词，如：apologize 道歉，realize 实现；意识到。 二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳 1．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 ①The once vibrant forest was affected 　　　　　 a strange disease, turning its leaves brown and lifeless. ②Many young people were affected by his story. They began to do voluntary work for the disabled. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled.(用分词短语作状语合并句子) ③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Furthermore, random grouping could result in language skill gaps within the groups, which could 　　　　　　　　 of practicing oral skills.此外，随机分组可能会导致小组内的语言技能差距，这可能影响口语技能练习的效果。 (1)be affected by　 受……的影响；被……感动 be affected with 感染……疾病 (2)affection n. 喜爱；感情 have affection for 喜爱；钟爱 (3)effect n. 影响；效果 have an effect on 对……产生影响 2．ruin n．& vt.废墟；破坏；毁坏 ①After the storm passed, the village lay 　　　　　　　 ruins, with shattered roofs and uprooted trees everywhere. ②The news of their hometown being reduced to 　　　　　(ruin) spread across social media, filling everyone with sorrow. ③(话题写作之健康生活)Regularly consuming junk food can　　　　　　　　　　 over time. 经常食用垃圾食品可能会逐渐损害一个人的健康。 (1)lie/be in ruins　　 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame/image/future 毁掉某人的健康/声誉/形象/前途 3.shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊 ①(语段练习)It was 　　　 great shock to me, a high school student, when I failed my math test. I was shocked 　　　　 (realize) how much I had overlooked in my studies. ②(心理描写)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，I was at a loss what to say. 意想不到的客人和礼物让我大吃一惊，我不知所措该说什么。 ③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I simply 　　　　　　　　　　， and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn't move a bit. 我只是震惊地站在那里，脚好像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。 (1)a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊 in shock 震惊；吃惊 (2)shocking adj. 令人震惊的 (3)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的 be shocked at/by ... 对……吃惊 be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊 4．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏 ①(动作、情绪描写)Jennifer sat on the floor，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， and her body trembled as she softly began to cry. 詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手掩面，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。 ②(一句多译)我每天专心于读英文报并获得了丰富的知识。 →I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 reading the English newspapers every day and I have gained abundant knowledge. →　　　　　　　　　 reading the English newspapers every day, I have gained abundant knowledge.(分词短语作状语) 埋头于；专心于 (2)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 名师指津：be buried in＝bury oneself in意为“埋头于；专心于”，在句中作状语，含有反身代词时动词bury用现在分词形式，反之用过去分词形式。 5．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 ①(语段练习)When it comes to study, we all know that 　　　　 effort, difficult problems will become easy, but 　　　　　 effort, even simple equations (方程式) can be challenging. So we need to spare no effort 　　　　 (learn) knowledge well. ②(演讲稿)Whatever I do in the future, I'll 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 无论我将来做什么，我都会努力实现我的目标。 　 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 (2)with effort　　 努力地 without effort 毫不费力地；容易地 6．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给 ①(语段练习)In our school, time seems to be 　　　　　 short supply, especially before exams. However, we have 　　　　 good supply of books and resources in the library, which helps us study effectively. ②(一句多译)此外，夏令营还为会员提供了一个参观一些博物馆的机会。 →In addition, the camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a chance to visit some museums. →Besides, the camp 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 members to visit some museums. (1)in short supply　　　 短缺 have a good supply of ... 备有许多…… 为某人提供某物 联想发散：表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有： ①provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for/to sb. ②offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb. 7．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过 ①After the storm, they had to survive 　　　　　 limited food and water. ②Despite the grief of losing her lifelong companion, Mary managed to survive her husband 　　　　　 10 years, cherishing the memory of their love. ③(主旨升华句)Life isn't about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　； it's about learning to dance in the rain. 生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。 ④(话题写作之灾害救助)After the hurricane swept through the town, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 在飓风席卷这个小镇后，许多人努力存活下来。 (1)survive from ... 从……存活下来 survive on ... 依靠……生存下来 survive ...by ... 比……多活了…… (2)survivor n. 幸存者 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物 名师指津：survive 表示“幸存；幸免于难”时，是及物动词，因而不要加多余的介词in, from等。 8．strike vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击 ①　　　　　 (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire it. ②The realization that I forgot my homework struck panic 　　　　　 my heart. ③(人物描写) 　　　　　　　　　　 Sarah's kindness was something special and that she always spent time helping others with a smile. 我突然想到，萨拉的善良真的很特别，她总是带着微笑花时间帮助别人。 ④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)　　　　　　　　　　 was how different it felt to draw outside rather than in a classroom. 让我印象最深刻的是，在户外画画和在教室里画画感觉完全不同。 (1)be struck by　 被……打动/迷住 strike ...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 It struck sb. that ... 某人突然想起…… (2)be on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 (3)striking adj. 引人注目的；突出的 联想发散：表示“某人突然想起……”的常用结构还有：It hit sb. that ...和It occurred to sb. that ...。 9．effect n．影响；结果；效果 ①(语段练习)The school's new method for providing extra tutoring will 　　　　　 (effect) help students grasp complex subjects better. This comes 　　　　　 effect from next semester, ensuring more focused learning. ②As is known to all, since the policy 　　　　　　　　， the pollution has been greatly reduced. 众所周知，自从实行这项政策以来，污染大大减少了。 ③(环境描写) It struck me that the beauty and peace of nature　　　　　　　　　 my well­being, bringing a sense of peace and refreshment. 我突然想到大自然的美丽和宁静对我的健康产生了深远的影响，给我带来了平静和焕发活力的感觉。 (1)come into/take effect 生效；见效 have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响 bring/carry/put ...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用 side effect　　 副作用 in effect 实际上；事实上 (2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的；实际的 effectively adv. 有效地；实际上 三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏 come to an end结束；终结 ①As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make 　　　　　 (end) meet. ②It's hoped that the project may 　　　　　　 school bullying in the area.人们希望这个项目可以结束该地区的校园欺凌。 ③We must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， not giving it up halfway.我们必须将这个实验进行到底，不要中途放弃。 ④(主旨升华句)After years of hard work and dedication, our journey 　　　　　　　　　　　　， but it is just the beginning of a new chapter in our lives.经过多年的努力和奉献，我们的旅程已经结束，但这只是我们生活中新篇章的开始。 bring/put an end to sth.＝bring/put sth.to an end　结束/终止某事 carry ...through to the end 将……进行到底 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 by the end of 到……为止 in the end 最后；终于 四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码) 1.①The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their homes.　　　 ②Without the reservoir, there would have been a terrible flood.　　　 ③The field flooded after the heavy rain.　　　 ④They could suddenly afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country.　　　 ⑤I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front.　　　 ⑥The heavy rainfall flooded the city streets, making it difficult for cars to pass.　　　 1.flood A．n.洪水 B．n.大量 (熟词生义) C．vi.淹没 D．vi.大量涌入(熟词生义) E．vt 使灌满水 F．vt.淹没 2.①The story about the dog's loyalty affected all who heard it.　　　 ②The cold weather affected our plans to go swimming.　　　 ③Many people were affected by the flu this winter.　　　 2.affect A．vt.影响 B．vt.(疾病)侵袭 C．vt.深深打动(熟词生义) 3.①His hand was so cold and he was unconscious. I feared he was going into shock.　　　 ②The scene in the movie shocked many viewers.　　　 ③The news of the accident left us all in shock.　　　 ④It was a shock to discover the corruption within the company.　　　 3.shock A．n.震惊 B．n.令人震惊的事 C．n.休克 D．vt.(使)震惊 4.①Here's one possibility: The word “marriage” means different things in different contexts.　　　 ②In this course we hope to look at literature in the frame of its social and historical context.　　　 ③You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.　　　 4.context A．n.上下文 B．n.语境 C．n.背景 5.①He gave a wave before getting on the bus.　　　 ②When he saw his friend in the crowd, he waved to get his attention.　　　 ③The waves at the beach were huge, perfect for surfing.　　　 ④She waved goodbye to her friends as she left school.　　　 5.wave A．n.海浪；波浪 B．n.挥手 C．vi.& vt.挥手 D．vi.& vt.招手(熟词生义) 数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段 (2024·浙江1月高考·阅读理解C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east­central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary­Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo, North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety., [真题评价] 1．What does the project aim to do？(　　) A．Conserve moisture in the soil. B．Prevent the formation of hailstones. C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D．Investigate chemical use in farming. 2．Who are opposed to the project？(　　) A．Farmers in east­central Alberta. B．Managers of insurance companies. C．Provincial government officials. D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 3．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999？(　　) A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D．To show the link between storms and moisture. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph？( 　) A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D．Cloud­seeding companies will continue to exist. [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇说明文，采用了“问题—解决”型的语篇模式。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.　　　　　　　 ②(熟词生义)But farmers in east­central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.　　　　　　　 ③(熟词生义)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.　　　　　　　 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①ice crystals　　　　　　　 ②the provincial government 　　　　　　　 ③opposite effect 　　　　　　　 ④lack of scientific proof 　　　　　　　 ⑤win a lawsuit against 　　　　　　　 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. 抓标志：从属连词　　　　　 判类型：主句＋目的状语＋时间状语从句 试翻译：飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶还没来得及变成危险的冰雹就像雨一样落下。 2．But farmers in east­central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 抓标志：从属连词　　　　　 判类型：主句＋宾语从句 试翻译：但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，“防雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干旱的土地上偷走。 由教材典句，学高级表达 句式1　as if引导表语从句或方式状语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)as if相当于as though，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem, look等系动词之后引导表语从句。as if/though还可引导方式状语从句。 (2)如果所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，从句要用陈述语气。 (3)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)； ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had＋过去分词)； ③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。 (4)as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常可以省略。 |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①Listen, the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there 　　　　　 (be) an emergency. ②When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it 　　　　　 (be) broken. ③The old man was lying on the ground as if he was badly hurt. →The old man was lying on the ground as if 　　　　　　　　.(状语从句的省略) |应|用|写|美| ④(场景描写)一靠近房子的时候，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，看起来很悲伤。 好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。 Upon approaching the house, I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad. It seemed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ⑤(神情描写)杰克什么也没说，但老师对他笑了笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明的事。 Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him 　　　　　 very clever. 句式2 be doing sth. when ...“正在做某事，这时……” |解|读|规|则| 句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”，还用于以下句型： (1)be about to do ...when ...正要做……这时…… (2)be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时…… (3)had (just/hardly) done ...when ... 刚做完……这时…… (hardly位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装) |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①She was walking along the bank of the river, and just at that time she heard a cry for help. →She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 she heard a cry for help. ②I had hardly got home when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it. →Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and packed my necessities into it. |应|用|写|美| ③(动作描写)她正要把花送给李先生，突然摔倒在地。 　 　 ④(场景描写)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。 　 　建构语义场，丰富语料库 子语境(一)　自然灾害 1．in the open air　　　　 露天；在户外 2．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 3．in shock 震惊；吃惊 4．sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 5．bring about 引起；导致 6．The whole city was in shock, and the air was filled with dust and screams of those trapped and those who couldn't find their loved ones. 整个城市陷入了震惊，空气中弥漫着尘土和被困者的尖叫声，以及那些找不到亲人的人的呼喊声。 7．The hurricane brought strong winds and heavy rain, causing flooding and power shutdowns. 飓风带来了强风和暴雨，导致洪水泛滥和停电。 子语境(二)　灾难救助 1．be filled with充满　　2.respond quickly迅速反应 3．rescue groups救援队 4.medical supplies医疗用品 5．With every breath filled with dust, they began their efforts to rescue those trapped.呼吸中还带有灰尘，他们就开始努力营救那些被困的人。 6．Some built temporary shelters in the open air, using whatever materials they could find. 有些人在露天地方用他们能找到的任何材料搭建临时避难所。 子语境(三)　灾后重建 1．be affected by　　　　　　 受……影响 2．be faced with 面对 3．show great strength 展现巨大的力量 4．take on a new look 呈现新面貌 5．The survivors were determined to rebuild their lives. 幸存者们决心重建他们的生活。 6．They united together, transforming their grief into a driving force to survive and rebuild. 他们团结在一起，将他们的悲痛转化为生存和重建的驱动力。 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现) Deep feelings during disaster ①　　　　　　　　　　(当灾难来临时), the true essence of humanity is revealed. Drought, landslides, and floods can ②　　　　　　　　 (造成严重破坏), trapping survivors under ruins as if a giant had crushed their homes with bricks. ③　　　　　　　　　(震惊中), communities come together, ④　　　　　　　 (救援那些被埋的人), who struggle to breathe. ⑤　　　　　　　　 (将智慧与行动统一起来作出的努力) become evident as people suffer together. ⑥　　　　　　　　 (物资和援助) are rushed to shelters, where ⑦　　　 (团结的力量) shines brightly. Survivors share stories with weary faces but ⑧　　　　　　　 (充满感激) for the hands that pulled them from the ruins. In these moments, the destruction pales compared to the spirit of rescue and mutual care. (二)主题语段的细节描写训练 灾后重建(表达逻辑：团结→展望) After the disaster, ①　　　　　　　　　 (各行各业的人们) worked together to rebuild the city. Engineers ②　　　　　　　 (设计新建筑); construction workers ③　　　　　　　　　　　 (清理废墟) and built structures. Teachers educated children in temporary schools, while ④ 　　　　　　　　　　 (医生治疗受伤者). Volunteers cooked meals and ⑤　　　　　　　 (分发物资). Everyone played a role, showing determination and teamwork. In the future, the city will rise again, ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (更加坚实和持久), with everyone's hard work and dedication. 单元双测评价 课下请完成配套训练P437－440相关内容 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$