语法写作 第二板块 第四讲 如何设计衔接与结尾（课件）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（外研 主题复习版）

第四讲　如何设计衔接与结尾 “有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯”是读后续写最高档次的评分细则之一。根据此标准，考生在备考时必须注意从以下几处设计续写语言：首句接续、情节叙述、细节描写、段落过渡和故事结尾。本讲主要从首句接续、段落过渡和故事结尾三个方面讲解。 一、首句接续 续写部分所给的两段首句控制着故事的基本情节和发展方向，因此，接续好段落首句特别重要。接续首句时，注意从首句中人物的动作和情感入手，可以利用语法手段或细节描写进行接续。 1．利用语法手段接续 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Caught in such a dilemma, I could obviously feel a wave of helplessness and anxiety sweeping over me.(分词短语) ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第二段)Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. Delighted and excited, we agreed to meet at the same place where we last met.(形容词短语) ③(2022·浙江1月高考续写第一段)We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.The more we met, the more I knew his ability.(固定句型) 2．利用细节描写接续 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.He frowned instantly, hit by shock obviously.(动作描写) ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第二段)Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.A few minutes later, a taxi came into my sight, in which was exactly Gunter, still with friendly bright smile on his face.(场景描写) ③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第二段)I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.Giggling instantly with a broad smile spreading on his face, he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance.(神态描写) ④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段)We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.A flood of sympathy and sadness surged in my heart.(心理描写) 二、段落过渡 续写部分的两个段落在情节上是自然顺承、连贯一致的故事片段。因此，两个段落之间的衔接过渡十分重要。续写过渡句时，要从时间、空间、逻辑意义或心理变化等角度考虑才能写好前后两段的过渡句。 1．时间角度 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段尾句) ... With a final push, Gunter sent me onto the bus at the last minute, and my new-­found friend disappeared into the darkness of the night.(4天前的晚上) (第二段首句)(4天后)Four days later, when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised ... 2．空间角度 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段尾句) ... Without hesitation, he wiped away the tears and struggled to his feet to embrace the challenge.(David擦干眼泪，站起来迎接挑战) (第二段首句)(起跑线上)I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners ... 3．逻辑意义 (2021·浙江1月高考续写第一段尾句) ...Then Mom told me she had just filmed me managing to pull my head out of the pumpkin.(视频被录制完成) (第二段首句)(视频被发到网上)That video was posted the day before Halloween ... 4．心理变化 (2024·浙江1月高考续写第一段尾句) ...Eva's perspective shifted, and she began to see challenges as opportunities for growth rather than obstacles to overcome.(变得乐观) (第二段首句)(信心更坚定)Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. 三、故事结尾 读后续写的原文往往是一个扣人心弦的故事，因此，为故事设计一个精彩的结尾尤为重要，因为好的结尾可以让读者感觉到意犹未尽，回味无穷。写好一个结尾常用的方式有：哲理升华、自然顺承、呼应开头、寓情于景和人物对话。 1．哲理升华 哲理升华式结尾就是以富含哲理的议论句或名言警句等作为对故事或人物的评价，凸显文章主旨的一种结尾方式。 如2024年新高考Ⅰ卷中读后续写的哲理升华式结尾可以设计如下： ①I felt blessed to have such a warm­-hearted friend like Gunter. ②I couldn't help thinking: Trust between people is really like magic. ③I also knew that no matter where I lived, Gunter's kindness and trust would be a beacon of hope and humanity on my journey, and I decided to pass it on. 2．自然顺承 自然顺承式结尾是指顺着续写原文中的故事情节发展，自然地从故事的开端、发展、高潮到故事结束的一种结尾方式。这种结尾往往采用叙述性语言，给人以简洁明快的感觉。 [典例]　(2023·浙江1月高考)I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away. 分析：看到蜂鸟，作者感到宽慰和敬畏——上车离开时，意识到自己会永远珍惜这一段回忆。本结尾以空间切换为转折点，自然结束故事，留给读者足够的思考空间。 3．呼应开头 呼应开头式结尾是指续写部分最后一句中的部分用语与续写原文的开头部分的某部分用语相呼应。这种方式不会偏离主题，而且能保证文章前后逻辑上的一致，能唤起读者心理上的共鸣。 [典例]　(2024·浙江1月高考读写) 开头：One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building.It was a six­story building. 结尾：She was no longer overwhelmed by the size of the building, but instead saw it as an opportunity to improve herself. 分析：原文开头部分提到Eva对学校巨大的教学楼感到头疼；结尾部分呼应开头，讲述了她不再为巨大的教学楼感到担忧。 4．寓情于景 寓情于景是指在叙述故事时，表面上以描写景物结尾，而实际上，作者是通过景物寄托某种感情。这种结尾可以使读者发挥想象，体会情景之外作者的真正情感和用意。 [典例]　And after a while, the little deer was able to stand up and walked away. It was rescued! Waving goodbye to it, Harry and David felt relieved. At this moment, the whole forest woke up, the moonlight fading and winds singing to welcome the dawn. 分析：续写部分描述的是救治小鹿，使它重返森林。结尾处寓情于景，以晨曦来临，森林苏醒的情景传递了人与自然和谐相处的理念，以景寓情，升华了主旨。 5．人物对话 人物对话式结尾是指在续写段落的结尾，用简短的人物对话来揭示或照应主题的结尾方式。人物的对话能让读者“听”到人物的内心。 [典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I ran towards David and gave him a bear hug. “You made it！” His eyes twinkled with delight, saying, “Thank you. It was you who made me realize that just be myself, and I can be the master of my destiny.” 分析：此处以对话结尾，形象直观地呈现出作者看到David成功完成比赛时的激动与欣慰，以及David对作者的感激之情，衬托出师生情深谊重。 [即时训练] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Grandpa's Old Chair It was the annual cleaning day for the family. John and his mom were busy cleaning the house. They cleaned upstairs, downstairs, inside and outside until everything was spotless. Exhausted, they sank into the couch. Just then, John's mom noticed an old chair that was faded and worn. That chair was for John's grandpa, who had lived with them since John's grandma had died. “John, come and help me.” John's mom sprang to her feet. “We'll take the chair outside. The garbage truck is picking up on our block tomorrow.” As they attempted to move the chair, John's grandpa made his way through the door. Seeing what was happening, he quickly tried to stop them. “No！” he protested. “You can't take my chair.” “But it's so old ...” John's mom argued. “We'll buy you a new one.” “No，” he persisted, trying to push his chair back into place. John's mom finally let go of the chair and left the room. With a sigh of relief, the old man sank into his chair and closed his eyes. “Grandpa, why won't you let us get rid of the chair？” John asked. “You don't understand, John.” His grandpa shook his head and said, “I sat in this chair with your grandma right here when I asked her to marry me. And I sat in this chair the night your father was born. Many years later，” Grandpa's voice broke, “I sat in this chair when the doctor called and told me that your grandma was ill. I was lost without her, but the chair gave me comfort and warmth.” The old man's sadness seemed to grow as he recalled that fateful (重大影响的) day. “I understand now.” John looked at his grandpa and said, “This is not just an old chair. It is more like a friend.” “Yes，” he nodded. “We've gone through a lot together.” However, that night, when John and his grandpa were asleep, John's mom and dad carried the chair outside. It was a starless night. Spring had gone away and snow fell silently from the black sky and covered Grandpa's chair with a blanket of white. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The next morning, John was woken by the garbage truck pulling up to the house. ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing this, John's mom looked at Grandpa and slowly walked towards him. ________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [衔接过渡] 1．段首接续句 第一段：________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ (用首句的主语接续；动作描写；分词作补语；独立主格结构) 第二段：_______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _______________________(用首句的主语接续；动作描写；宾语从句) He rushed downstairs and saw his grandpa looking outside through the window, tears rolling down his hollow cheeks. She handed Grandpa a tissue and said, “I'm sorry ... I just didn't realize how much it meant to you. John and I will bring your chair back.” 2．段落过渡句 (逻辑意义衔接) John then ran back inside and said, “Mom, you can't throw Grandpa's chair. It has been with him for decades and is like a devoted friend who has witnessed the most important moments in his life！” 3．故事结尾句 ①自然式结尾： John and his grandpa wholeheartedly agreed that the living room would be rather dull without this old chair. ②对话式结尾： John's mom said, “I think we can redesign the style of the living room and decorate it again. This chair can add a little personality.” 完成读后续写 参考范文： The next morning, John was woken by the garbage truck pulling up to the house. He rushed downstairs and saw his grandpa looking outside through the window, tears rolling down his hollow cheeks. John followed his gaze and froze. The chair stood by the side of the truck, covered with snow. “Wait! Don't take that chair，” John shouted, swing both arms in the air as he rushed to stop it from being taken away. John then ran back inside and said, “Mom, you can't throw Grandpa's chair. It has been with him for decades and is like a devoted friend who has witnessed the most important moments in his life！” Hearing this, John's mom looked at Grandpa and slowly walked towards him. She handed Grandpa a tissue and said, “I'm so sorry ... I just didn't realize how much it meant to you. John and I will bring your chair back.” They brushed off the snow with their hands carefully and moved the chair back inside immediately. They placed it next to the fireplace so it could dry.John's mom stepped back, as if seeing the chair for the very first time. “Mm ... I guess it does give the room a certain touch of character，” she thought to herself. John and his grandpa wholeheartedly agreed that the living room would be rather dull without this old chair. $$