主题语境4 第2课时 对标主题—工匠精神（课件）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（外研 主题复习版）

2 课 时 第 对标主题—工匠精神 目录 课时作业评价 一、过词汇关 二、过阅读关 三、过表达关 一、主题词汇“拉清单” 子语境 归拢教材内词汇 摄影 人生 lens, pose, grocery, fascination, fashion, uncomplicated, faraway, celebrity, craft，white-haired, nothing more than, the most important photographer, a wide range of, everyday scenes, belong to, one's passion for, more than a fashion photographer 子语境 归拢教材内词汇 钟表 修复 precious, antique, restoration, workplace, timepiece, painstaking, workshop, polish, bark, artisan, preserve, timeless, modest, masters of their craft, the clock restoration master, present sb.with sth., originate from, bring ...back to life, a race against time, take on, take up 子语境 归拢教材内词汇 典范 人物 trial, by trial and error, craftsmanship, back down, the cutting edge (of sth.), think outside the box, break new ground, harsh, prosperous, architecture, ambitious, associate, analysis, comprise, a leading artist, die out, devote oneself whole-heartedly to, seek no fame, with great resolution, dedicate much of one's lives to 拓展教材外词汇 1.revive v． (使)复活；(使)恢复 2.precision n. 精确；准确 3.trained adj. 训练过的 4.conventional adj. 习惯的 5.alternative adj. 可替代的；非传统的 6.technique n. 技巧；技术 拓展教材外词汇 7.indication n. 指示；暗示，迹象 8.be engaged in 从事…… 9.immerse oneself in 沉浸于 10.quality over quantity　 质量胜过数量 11.at once 同时 12.plenty of practice 足够的训练 拓展教材外词汇 13.have one's own style 拥有自己的风格 14.strive for perfection 追求完美 15.put one's best foot forward 全力以赴 16.bring new vitality to the craft 为工艺注入新的活力 二、核心词汇“自盘查” Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．How did you get him to (摆好姿势) for this picture? 2．A dog was in the yard, who (吠叫) when he saw me coming. 3．A cricket (板球) team is (由……构成) of eleven players. 4．I wonder if you could help me (擦亮) the table, as my friends will be here soon. pose barked comprised polish 5．Children learn to use computer programs fascinating them by ____ (试验) and error. 6．Across the street from the bus stop was a big (食品杂货店) store. 7．Nothing was more (珍贵的)than their affection and love for her. 8．He was demonstrating the (技能) of egg carving for tourists. trial grocery precious craft 9．The beautiful scenery in that (遥远的) mountain village is beyond description. 10．When I got to know him, he was a student majoring in (建筑设计)． 11．There is no doubt that grades have improved and interest in education has (恢复)． 12．If you do something with (精准), you do it exactly as it should be done. faraway architecture revived precision Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出蓝体词汇的词性及词义) 1．(熟词生义)This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry. _______ 2．(熟词生义)Stone Age settlers fashioned necklaces from sheep's teeth._______ 3．(熟词生义)He knew how to win by craft and diplomacy what he could not gain by force._______ v.造成 v.制作 n.诡计 4．(一词多义)He has been riding in horse trials for more than a year. _________ 5．(转化词)Try inviting friends and business associates from different areas of your life to a party._______ n.选拔赛 n.伙伴 Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．We must spare no effort to preserve Chinese traditions _________ disappearing. 2．The expert has given a serious (analyse) of the situation at the meeting. 3．They think that celebrating Chinese festivals is a _______________ (fashion) activity. from analysis fashionable 4．Her (modest) and good behaviour made a deep impression on us. 5．Let's all take action now and contribute to the _________________ (prosperous) of our mother — the Earth! 6．The (restore) of the ancient temple is more beautiful than the original. modesty prosperity restoration 7．Some people have (ambition) dreams and keep pursuing them, but other people always focus on realistic goals and try to achieve them. 8．He is typically regarded as one of the most influential Chinese writers who were (associate) with the May Fourth Movement. ambitious associated 9．The mayor presented him a gold medal at an official city reception. 10．As parents we have a responsibility to give our children a sense of (belong)． with belonging Ⅳ.选词填空 back down, nothing more than, a wide range of, originate from, think outside the box，bring ...back to life, take on, take up, die out, immerse oneself in 1．He is unwilling to heavy responsibilities. 2．I painting as a hobby when I was eleven. 3．I work best when I can something for an extended period of time. take on took up immerse myself in 4．The fresh flowers picked from my garden the dull room . 5．Since most of the people present agreed with her, I had to________ . 6．The government has made laws to protect wild animals that are . brought back to life back down dying out 7．To come up with innovative solutions, you need to_______________ . 8．Wind is air moving near the surface of the earth. 9．More than 1,000 cities around the world have taken part in the event, which France in 1998. 10．They sell domestic appliances — washing machines, dishwashers and so on. think outside the box nothing more than originated from a wide range of 三、重点词汇“拓认知” 1．preserve [v.维护，保护；保存n.保护区] |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)preserve ...from (doing) ... 保护……免受…… be well preserved 保存完好的 (2)preservation n. 维护，保护；保存 in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态 |多|维|训|练|　 ①(话题写作之环境保护)It is believed that with these measures, the beauty of the Li River . 人们相信有了这些措施，漓江之美将会被保存下来留给后代。 ②(话题写作之生态保护) , all the rare plants . 在这个自然保护区，所有的珍稀植物都被保护得很好。 will be preserved for generations to come In this nature preserve are well preserved ③(倡议书)It is high time that we should take measures to___________ . 早该是我们采取措施保护我们的地球不受污染的时候了。 preserve our Earth from being polluted 2．associate [ v.与……有关；联想；联系；联合；交往 n.同事；伙伴] |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)associate ...with ... 　　　　　 把……与……联系起来；合伙 associate with sb. 与某人交往；(尤指)混在一起 be associated with ... 与……有关 (2)association n. 联想；联系；协会；社团；联合；交往 in association with ... 与……联合；与……有关联 |多|维|训|练|　 ①The young girl recalled some things (associate) with her first trip to Beijing. ②(场景描写)I always . 一闻到烘烤食物的味道，我就想起了童年。 ③(活动介绍)This exhibition was organized by the local government . 这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。 associated associate the smell of baking with my childhood in association with several paper-cutting artists 3．back down [退让；认输；放弃] |系|统|归|纳|　 back off　　　　　　　　 后退；放弃 back up 备份；支持；后退；倒(车) back and forth 来回地；反复地 look back on 回顾 turn one's back on 不理睬；背弃 |多|维|训|练|　 ①(人物描写)My mother has nerves of steel, and she ______________ from difficulties. 我母亲有钢铁般的意志，她在困难面前从不退缩。 ②(主旨升华句)But , it was the failed attempts that taught me the most about what worked and what didn't. 然而，回顾发生的这一切事情，正是那些失败的经历教会我哪些尝试是有用的，哪些是徒劳的。 never backs down/off looking back on all that had happened ③Raindrops gathered in a lotus leaf, . 雨珠聚集在荷叶上，来回滚动着。 rolling back and forth 4．think outside the box [不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考] |系|统|归|纳|　 think back to　　　　　　 回想，追忆 think over 仔细考虑，慎重思考 think highly of 高度重视；高度评价 think out 认真考虑；仔细盘算 think of 想起，为……着想 |多|维|训|练|　 ①(情节描写)He , believing that innovative ideas and solutions could be found beyond the conventional norms and boundaries. 他鼓励他的团队跳出框框思考，相信可以在传统规范和界限之外找到创新的想法和解决方案。 ②(人物描写)The skinny girl has gone through many hardships but . 这个瘦弱的女孩经历了许多磨难，但她总是为别人着想。 encouraged his team to think outside the box she is always thinking of others ③(话题写作之职业规划)After much hesitation, I decided to _________ and weigh its pros and cons.I couldn't help but_________ and the potential for growth. , I realized this could be a great opportunity for my career.(补全语段) 犹豫良久后，我决定仔细考虑这份工作邀请并权衡其利弊。我不禁对这家公司的声誉和发展潜力予以高度评价。回想起我以前的经历，我意识到这对我的职业生涯来说可能是一个很好的机会。 think over the job offer think highly of the company's reputation Thinking back to my previous experiences (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇)By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，” Mr Titterton said. “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner，” she laughed. “He's absorbed in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn！’ Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life.” (说明：文中加蓝词汇为主题词汇) [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇记叙文。身为律师的Robert Titterton在业余时间为钢琴家Maria Raspopova翻乐谱。这份工作看似简单，实则需要很多技巧，而Robert Titterton却完成得很出色，并被Maria Raspopova盛赞为一生中遇到的最好的翻页者。选文通过讲述翻乐谱这份工作的挑战性，凸显了Robert一丝不苟、认认真真的敬业精神，旨在引导学生秉承精益求精的工匠精神去做好每一件事情。 √ 1．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A．Read music. B．Play the piano. C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”可知，要成为钢琴家的乐谱翻页者，必须会识乐谱。故选A项。 √ 2．Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage? A．Boring. B．Well-paid. C．Demanding. D．Dangerous. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A lot of skills are needed for the job.”和第四段中的“Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.”以及文中对乐谱翻页者工作的具体描述可知，Titterton在舞台上的工作需要很多技巧以及大量的练习。demanding意为“要求高的，需要高技能的”，符合题意。 √ 3．What does Titterton need to practise? A．Counting the pages. B．Recognizing the “nodding”． C．Catching falling objects. D．Performing in his own style. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding’to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.”可知，无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来暗示翻页，而这需要他们同翻页者一起练习，以达成默契。所以Titterton需要练习来领会钢琴家的“点头”示意。故选B项。 √ 4．Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worst page turner”？ A．He has very poor eyesight. B．He ignores the audience. C．He has no interest in music. D．He forgets to do his job. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He's ...feeling every note, and I have to say：‘Turn, turn！’”可知，她的丈夫太专注于音乐了，他总是忘记自己的翻页工作，还需要她去提醒翻页。故选D项。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇记叙文，语篇结构为“总—分”。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves._______ ②(转化词)I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand._________;__________ ③(熟词生义)He's absorbed in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say ..._______ n.总谱 n.转弯处 n.音符 n.架；座 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①by day　　　　　　　　 _______ ②up to 50 page turns _____________ ③go wrong ______ ④fall off _____________ ⑤help sb.out _________________ 在白天 多达50次翻页 出错 从……掉下来 帮助某人摆脱困境 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot. 抓标志：并列连词 ；从属连词______ 判类型：主句(含两个宾语从句)＋时间状语从句 试翻译：你必须确保你不会一次翻两页，并确保当你必须翻回到正确的位置时，你能找到乐谱中的重复部分。 and when 2．Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. 抓标志：并列连词 ; 关系代词______ 判类型：并列复合句→分句1＋并列连词＋分句2(含一个定语从句) 试翻译：无声的舞台交流是关键，每位钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来示意翻页，这需要与他们的翻页者一起练习(以达成默契)。 and which 一、学经典句式，写美句子　 句式1　rather than ...“而不是……” |解|读|规|则| (2)other than　　 不同于；除……之外 or rather 更确切地说 more than 不仅仅；非常 (3)rather than为并列连词，常用于连接两个并列的句子成分。当rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空) ①You, rather than your colleague, (be) to blame for the accident. ②Lucy prefers to go shopping rather than (stay) at home on weekends. ③Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings rather than (harm) them. are stay harm |应|用|写|美| ④(主旨升华句)当你面临挑战时，试着把注意力集中于实际问题，而不是你对它的感受。 When you're facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem . ⑤(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)During the May Day holiday, I learned no new skills . 在五一假期期间，除了烹饪，我没有学到任何新的技能。 rather than how you feel about it other than cooking ⑥(演讲稿)尽管面临巨大的困难，但我宁愿失败也不愿放弃。 →In spite of facing massive difficulties,__________________________ .(would rather ...than ...) →In spite of facing massive difficulties,__________________________ .(would ...rather than ...) →In spite of facing massive difficulties,__________________________ .(prefer to ...rather than ...) I would rather fail than give up I would fail rather than give up I preferred to fail rather than give up 句式2　It＋be＋adj.＋that ...句型 |解|读|规|则| (1)It＋be＋adj.＋that从句：其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。用于该句型的常见形容词有clear, obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, certain, fortunate, strange, necessary, important, great 等。 (2)当形容词为important, necessary, strange, impossible, natural等时，that引导的主语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，形式为“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空) ① is clear that smoking is a danger to health. ②It's important that we (take) good care of the patient. ③It is natural she should feel nervous before giving a presentation, as public speaking can be a challenge for many people. It (should) take that |应|用|写|美| ④(人物描写)她以优异的成绩通过了考试，这真是太好了，这表明她的努力和勤奋得到了回报。 with flying colors, which shows her hard work and diligence have paid off. ⑤(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)你把我们的同学分成两组来练习英语口语是必要的。 two groups to practice our oral English. It is really great that she passed the exam It is necessary that you (should) divide our classmates into 二、建构主题语义场，丰韵语段　 (一)人物的贡献　 1．devotion to　　　　　　　 对……的奉献 2．play a crucial role in 在……中起关键性作用 3．make a great discovery 取得重大发现 4．make a great breakthrough 取得重大突破 5．With strong will and great determination, he achieved the great success in breeding hybrid rice, which improved the rice production and helped rid the world of hunger. 他以坚强的意志和坚定的决心，在培育杂交水稻方面取得了巨大的成功，提高了水稻产量，帮助世界摆脱了饥饿。 6．With skillful hands and great enthusiasm, Mr Wang spent his whole life restoring clocks dating back hundreds of years, which not only helps preserve traditional skills but also brings the clocks back to life. 王先生以精湛的技艺和满腔热情，一生致力于修复数百年前的钟表，这不仅有助于保护传统技艺，而且使钟表重获新生。 (二)人物的影响　 1．follow in the footsteps of sb./follow in sb.'s footsteps效仿某人 2．be highly praised for perseverance and diligence 因坚持不懈和勤奋努力而受到高度赞扬 3．deserve our admiration and respect　　 值得我们崇拜和尊重 4．be deeply touched by his spirits 被他的精神深深地触动 5．She has set a good example to us.I think that we should continue to work hard until we realise our dreams. 她为我们树立了一个很好的榜样。我想我们应该继续努力，直到实现我们的梦想。 6．More people will understand the culture behind the techniques, and more craftsmen will be encouraged to devote themselves to the work. 更多的人将会了解技术背后的文化，更多的工匠将会被鼓励投身于这份工作。 (三)个人感悟　 1．We should always bear in mind that modesty will promote us to go further. 我们应该时刻牢记，谦虚使人进步。 2．We all know that craftsmanship mainly consists of perseverance, diligence and expertise. 我们都知道，工匠精神主要包括毅力、勤奋和专业知识。 3．Let's follow in those great crafsmen's footsteps, devote ourselves to work, sharpen our skills and overcome difficulties with perseverance! 让我们跟随那些伟大工匠的脚步！全身心投入工作，提高技能，坚持不懈地克服困难！ 三、应用所学，写好微片段　 (一)主题词汇应用训练(蓝体字为主题词汇的复现) Generally speaking, artisans are people equipped with outstanding crafts in specific fields.Furthermore, they ①___________ (因坚持不懈、奉献精神被高度赞扬)．Their spirit is regarded as craftsman's spirit. are highly praised for perseverance and dedication There is no doubt that this spirit ② (发挥着关键作用) in today's fast-paced world.To begin with, it ③_____________ (有助于保护和传播宝贵的知识和工艺), which can make a great difference to our culture and civilization.Besides, with so many good examples set by these artisans, people ④_______________________________________ (被激励着全身心投入工作) and help our country become ⑤ (越来越繁荣)． plays a crucial role contributes to preserving and spreading precious knowledge and crafts are inspired to devote themselves whole- heartedly to work more and more prosperous As students, we should ⑥__________________________________ (向工匠学习，把他们的精神付诸实践)．Make continuous efforts to study hard! learn from artisans and put their spirit into practice (二)细节描写强化训练(对标主题完成语段) 1．人物的贡献 Mother Teresa is one of the greatest women in the world.She was born in Yugoslavia in 1910. At the age of 20, she went to India, where she first ① (担任教师一职). However, in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and was trained to become a nurse. She ② (全身心地去帮助) the poor, the sick and the homeless in India. Besides, Mother Teresa opened took up a position as a teacher was committed to helping many schools and hospitals in poor countries. While traveling, she ③ (号召人们去帮助) those in trouble. In 1979, she ④ (被授予诺贝尔和平奖) for the love and the service she had given to unfortunate people. called on people to help was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2．人物的影响 ① (被公认为“中国航天之父”)，Qian Xuesen passed away in Beijing on Oct. 31, 2009. It was snowing heavily as if ②__________________________ (在哀悼痛失这位温和而非凡的科学家). Overcome with sorrow, many Chinese people cried their hearts out, ③ (泪水顺着脸颊流淌) uncontrollably. Since 1958 he ④________________________________ (致力于航空航天科学) with passion and contributed a lot to the cause of China's aerospace. Acknowledged as the father of China's space program it were mourning the great loss of the gentle extraordinary scientist tears flowing down cheeks had been committed to aerospace science He always ⑤ (坚持自己的梦想) and he wouldn't ⑥ (承认失败) whatever difficulties he encountered.He has set a good example to us.I think that we should keep on trying until we realise our dreams. insisted on his dreams acknowledge defeat 课时作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·绍兴模拟)Sandoval, who comes from Los Angeles, has traveled and filmed in over 50 countries across seven continents and now lives in China.“In 2008, tired of my studio work in the U．S, I came to China, thinking I would be here one or two years, but it has turned out to be 16 years！” he said.He hopes his photographs will inspire others to embark on adventures as well. Sandoval is a professional photographer and learned commercial photography at what was then the Brooks Institute of Photography.With the hope of trying something different for himself, he went to Chengdu in Southwest China to live in October 2008 and has traveled throughout the country since then. In the beginning, he did editorial work for magazines both in and outside Sichuan, such as Vogue.Then he worked with the Sichuan tourism department to produce travel brochures, and also on ad campaigns for destinations for corporate companies. To him, Chengdu is the capital of a laid-back lifestyle.He was delighted to see that residents, dressed stylishly or comfortably, strolled in the streets “as slowly as snails”．Almost a “walking encyclopedia” of Chengdu, Sandoval covered every corner of Chengdu and recorded Chengduese and their lives with his camera, listening to the sound of mahjong tiles being shuffled (洗牌) and music from traditional stringed instruments. He also goes from place to place with his heavy travel kit.The varied culture and vast, beautiful land has kept him in China much longer than he had planned in the beginning.He remembers a wide range of adventures like exploring a local vineyard (葡萄园) and local wine in Yinchuan City, a riding performance by a Mongolian ethnic group in the Shuidonggou Horse Riding Show, and then the totally different experience of visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south. He thinks he has done a lot in “this beautiful and vast country” with his “travel photos”．“I try to show people the beauty of where I go.I try to inspire them to travel and go to places.I'm hoping to do more international work，” he said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了专业摄影师Sandoval的故事。Sandoval来自洛杉矶，曾在全球50多个国家旅行和拍摄，后来为了寻求新的生活体验来到中国，原本计划只待一两年，却意外地在中国生活了16年。他通过照片展示了中国的美丽，还记录下了成都人和他们的生活。 √ 1．Why did Sandoval come to China? A．He was not good at studio work. B．He wanted to step out of the comfort zone. C．He had a preference for international work. D．He was attracted by the picturesque nature of China. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the hope of trying something different ...the country since then.”可知，Sandoval到中国来是因为他想走出自己的舒适区，尝试一些不同的东西。故选B。 √ 2．What does the underlined word “laid-back” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Leisurely. B．Simple. C．Luxurious. D．Healthy. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“He was delighted to see ...‘as slowly as snails’．” 可知，成都的居民们在街上慢慢地散步。由此可知，当地的生活方式是悠闲的。画线词意思应该是“悠闲的，闲散的”，与Leisurely意思相近。 √ 3．Sandoval's experiences around China are mentioned in paragraph 5 to show . A．Sandoval's diverse hobbies B．Sandoval's desire for new careers C．Sandoval's superb photo technique D．Sandoval's fascination for Chinese culture 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The varied culture ...visiting the Hainan Free Trade Port in the south.”可推知，这里提到了Sandoval在中国的经历，以显示他对中国文化的迷恋。故选D。 4．What is the writing purpose of this text? A．To call on readers to take up photography. B．To praise Sandoval for spreading Chinese culture. C．To facilitate the development of tourism in Chengdu. D．To introduce the experience of a professional photographer. √ 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Sandoval, who comes from ...now lives in China.”可知，文章讲述了专业摄影师Sandoval的故事。Sandoval来自洛杉矶，曾在全球50多个国家旅行和拍摄，后来意外地在中国生活了16年，并通过照片展示了中国的美丽。因此，文章的目的是介绍一位专业摄影师的经历。故选D。 B (2025·长春一模)It's a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion by sand and wind. The team is devoted to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of which spans about a thousand years, from the 4th century to the 14th century.The cultural relics are the products of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road.“Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people，” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy. Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking (脱落), as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves, and the deposition of salts.To restore a mural requires an all-rounder.Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason (泥瓦匠) and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution.They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward. The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them.When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration.“Cultural relics are witnesses of history，” explains Su.“When you pursue the so-called intact (完好无损的) look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.” Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems.“It needs a long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes，” Su says.But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲的是敦煌莫高窟壁画的修复工作及其意义。 √ 5．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2? A．To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals. B．To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road. C．To stress the significance of the restoration work. D．To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知， 该团队致力于保护莫高窟735个洞穴中的45 000平方米的壁画和2 400多个彩绘雕塑。研究人员表示，他们的工作是为了更好地保护洞穴，弘扬敦煌伟大的“包容”精神，并激励现代人。由此推知，本段目的在于强调修复工作的重要性。 √ 6．Which of the following best describes the restoration work? A．Demanding. B．Well-paid. C．Interesting. D．Creative. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“To restore a mural requires an all-rounder.Restorers should ...evaluating the effect afterward.”可知，修复壁画需要全能型选手。由此推知，修复工作要求很高。故选A。 √ 7．What should restoring murals focus on according to paragraph 4? A．Spotting the faded murals in time. B．Fixing the missing parts of murals. C．Maintaining the current look of murals. D．Repainting to perfect the appearance of murals. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段 “The restoration should respect ...lose their key meaning.”可知，修复工作应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画。故选C。 √ 8．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings B．The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves C．The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation D．The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture 解析：标题归纳题。第一段“It's a race against time ...by sand and wind.”提出保护莫高窟文化的话题，第二段至第四段主要讲述壁画修复师的工作内容及其意义，第五段讲到修复工作是一个长期的过程。综上所述，本文主要围绕敦煌莫高窟的壁画修复工作展开。B选项为最佳标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·镇江一模)This story happened when I was in Saint Lucia for a holiday. My sister, Diana, who kept 9 with me for the holiday, went blind in one eye about 9 years ago.Diana sometimes is 10 about the way her eye looks.The pupil (瞳孔) is no longer black; it's sort of “flaming” in photos.Diana recently 11 a special contact lens (隐形眼镜片) that makes her 12 look normal, but she doesn't wear it often because it becomes quite painful after about an hour. One night, a photographer 13 by the hotel to take pictures of the guests as they entered the dinner area was photographing us.Diana 14 said that if she had known there were pictures taken to save this special 15 ， she would have worn her contact lens so her eye wouldn't be so 16 in the picture. The next day, while I was sitting with Diana talking, the same photographer handed her a photo, and quietly said, “I 17 the color of your eyes in the picture.” As he walked away, my sister happily said to me, “Look! He fixed my eye！” Hearing this, the photographer 18 ， walked back and said, “Just to be clear: I didn't 19 your eye.There isn't anything wrong with your eye.I 20 had the color of your eyes go well with each other.” Her eyes filled up with tears.It was very 21 for her heart to hear these beautiful words.It helped her change the 22 she feels about herself, and the picture, or rather, the 23 of human kindness has stuck in her memory ever since. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与妹妹Diana在圣卢西亚度假时的经历。当时，一个摄影师通过调整照片中Diana眼睛的颜色，帮助Diana改变了对自己的看法，并给她留下了深刻的记忆。 √ 9．A.pace B．security C．faith D．company 解析：根据上文“This story happened when I was in Saint Lucia for a holiday.”及下文“photographing us”可知，Diana是和作者一起度假的。keep company with“陪伴”。 √ 10．A.guilty B．sensitive C．cautious D．critical 解析：根据下文 “The pupil (瞳孔) is no longer black; it's sort of ‘flaming’ in photos.”推知，Diana对自己的眼睛外观敏感。故选B。 √ 11．A.Fetched B．invented C．purchased D．detected 解析：根据上文 “The pupil (瞳孔) is no longer black; it's sort of ‘flaming’ in photos.”推知，Diana应是购买了隐形眼镜让自己的眼睛看起来正常。故选C。 √ 12．A.eye B．expression C．outline D．face 解析：根据上文“The pupil (瞳孔) is no longer black; it's sort of ‘flaming’ in photos.Diana recently ...a special contact lens”可知，隐形眼镜让眼睛看起来正常。故选A。 √ 13．A.guided B．applied C．assigned D．Inquired 解析：根据下文“by the hotel to take pictures of the guests as they entered the dinner area”可知，摄影师是被酒店指派来拍照的。故选C。 √ 14．A.regretfully B．desperately C．apologetically D．Sympathetically 解析：根据下文“if she had known there were pictures taken to save this special ..., she would have worn her contact lens so her eye wouldn't be so ...in the picture.”可知，Diana为拍照没戴眼镜而感到遗憾。故选A。 √ 15．A.impression B．guest C．hotel D．memory 解析：根据上文“if she had known there were pictures taken to save this special”可知，拍照是为了保存特别的记忆。故选D。 √ 16．A.ugly B．shiny C．funny D．misty 解析：根据上文“The pupil (瞳孔) is no longer black; it's sort of ‘flaming’ in photos.”可知，Diana不希望照片中的眼睛看起来反光。故选B。 √ 17．A.printed B．mixed C．drew D．matched 解析：根据下文“I ...had the color of your eyes go well with each other.”可知，摄影师调整了眼睛的颜色使其与另一只相匹配。故选D。 √ 18．A.got around B．turned away C．turned around D．got away 解析：根据下文“walked back and said”可知，摄影师是在听到Diana的话后，转过身来解释。故选C。 √ 19．A.focus B．change C．protect D．cover 解析：根据下文“There isn't anything wrong with your eye.I ...had the color of your eyes go well with each other.”可知，摄影师没有改变Diana的眼睛，仅仅进行了颜色的调整。故选B。 √ 20．A.simply B．extremely C．really D．definitely 解析：根据上文“I ...the color of your eyes in the picture.”及“There isn't anything wrong with your eye.”可知，摄影师只是简单地调整了眼睛的颜色，使它们看起来更和谐。故选A。 √ 21．A.interesting B．amusing C．inviting D．healing 解析：根据上文“There isn't anything wrong with your eye.I ...had the color of your eyes go well with each other.”可知，这些话语对Diana的心灵有治愈作用。故选D。 √ 22．A.perspective B．insight C．way D．opinion 解析：根据第二段“Diana sometimes is ...about the way her eye looks.”，倒数第二段“There isn't anything wrong with your eye.”及下文“human kindness has stuck in her memory ever since”可知，这些话语改变了Diana看待自己的方式。故选C。 √ 23．A.exchange B．display C．secret D．account 解析：根据下文“human kindness”可知，摄影师的行为展示了人性的善良。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·长沙模拟)Putian wood carving, one of the four well-known 1 (category) of the art of Chinese wood carving, originated in the Tang and Song dynasties. 2 (serve) as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) item in China, it is a traditional folk carving technique of southeast China's Fujian Province. Zheng Chunhui, Lin Jianjun and Chen Yushu are three 3 (exception) representatives of wood carving masters.Zheng is a provincial-level inheritor (继承人) of the wood carving art, 4 not only excels in traditional wood carving technique, 5 expresses his love for his family and nation through his works.To promote the art, Zheng opened a unique wood carving gallery, which is the 6 (one) in Putian run by an individual and free to the public.The delicately made wood carving works by Lin 7 (shine) at a BRICS summit (峰会) several years ago, and meanwhile, the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces that are made by Chen 8 (show) at many international exhibitions over the past few years. Putian city is home 9 over 2,600 wood carving companies, and the wood carving works 10 (create) there were sold to more than 20 countries and regions around the world last year. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莆田木雕以及其代表人物。 1．categories　考查名词复数。category为可数名词，four修饰可数名词复数形式。故填categories。 2．Serving　考查非谓语动词。it和serve之间为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Serving。 3．exceptional　考查形容词。修饰名词representatives需用形容词exceptional，作定语。 4．who　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词inheritor指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导从句。 5．but　考查连词。not only ...but (also) ...为固定搭配。 6．first　考查序数词。定冠词the修饰序数词，空处需填序数词first。 7．shone　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“several years ago”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填shone。 8．have been shown　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，使用现在完成时；主语the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces和show之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；主语为复数名词，故填have been shown。 9．to　考查介词。be home to为固定搭配，意为“是……的所在地”。 10．created　考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the wood carving works。create和the wood carving works之间为动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填created。 $$