必修3 UNIT 4 Scientists who changed the world（课件）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

目录 CONTENTS 迁移应用—过阅读关 03. 发展提升—过表达关 04. 自主学习—过识记关 01. 课堂学案—过词汇关 02. 课下测评—过高考关 05. 1 自主学习—过识记关 |背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．republic n．　　　　　 共和国，共和政体 2．data n. 数据，资料，材料 3．illustrate vt. 说明，解释；加插图于 4．lightning n. 闪电 5．thunderstorm n. 雷雨，雷暴 6．ribbon n. 带子，丝带；带状物 7．metal n. 金属 8．bang n. 突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击 vi.& vt. 砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞 9．bomb n. 炸弹；核武器 vt. 轰炸 10．evil n. 罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处 adj. 恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的 11．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n. 品行，道德；寓意 12．intellectual adj. 脑力的；智力发达的 n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者 13．mystery n. 神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．deadly adj.　　　致命的；十足的，彻底的 2．survival n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 3．province n. 省，省份 4．broad adj. 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的 5．experiment n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi. 做实验，进行实验；尝试 6．trial n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.& vt. 测试，试验 7．household adj. 家庭的，家用的，家务的 n. 一家人，家庭 8．postpone vt. 延迟，延期 9．sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的 10．error n. 错误，差错 11．conduct vt.& vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止 12．surround vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关 13．intelligent adj. 有才智的，聪明的；有智力的 14．theory n. 学说，论；原理；看法，意见 15．charge vt.&vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责； 使……承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管 16．standout adj. 突出的 n. 突出的人(或物) 17．credit n. 赞扬，认可；信用 vt. 存入金额；把……归于 18．negate vt. 取消，使无效；否认，否定 19．freedom n. 自由 20．publish vt. 出版，发行；发表；公布 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．intend vt.& vi. 想要，计划；意指 intention n. 目的；意图；打算 2．limit n．& vt. 限制 limited adj. 有限的 limitation n. 限制；局限；极限 3．contain v. 包含；含有；容纳；控制，克制 container n. 容器；集装箱，货柜 4．wise adj. 聪明的，有智慧的，明智的 wisdom n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智 wisely adv. 聪明地，明智地 5．benefit n． 益处 vt.对……有益处 vi.得益于 beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 6．indicate vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出 indication n. 迹象；表明；显示；暗示 7．accident n. 意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇 accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的 8．electric adj. 电的，发电的，电动的 electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的；发电的 electricity n. 电，电能 9．involve vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 involved adj. 有关的；卷入的 involvement n. 参与；牵连；包含 10．science n. 科学 scientist n. 科学家 scientific adj.　　 科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的 11．apply vt.& vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关 application n. 申请 applicant n. 申请者 12．ignore v. 忽视，不理 ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的 ignorance n. 无知 13．permit vt.& vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证 permission n. 许可；允许 14．responsible adj. 有责任心的 responsibility n. 责任，负责；职责，义务 15．declare vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 declaration n. 声明，宣告 16．nation n. 民族；国家；国民 national adj. 民族的；国家的；国有的 nationality n. 国籍；民族 17．evolve v. 进化 evolution n. 进化；演变，发展 18．marry v. 结婚 marriage n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．后缀为-al的名词　 ①survive v．→survival n．　　 幸存 ②remove v．→removal n. 移除 ③arrive v．→arrival n. 到达 ④refuse v．→refusal n. 拒绝 ⑤propose v．→proposal n. 提议 ⑥approve v．→approval n. 批准；同意 2．身上带“电”的单词　 ①electric adj.　　　　　 电的，发电的，电动的 ②electricity n. 电，电能 ③electrical adj. 电的；与电有关的 ④electronic adj. 电子的 ⑤electrics n. 电学 ⑥electrician n. 电工；电学家 |背|短|语| 1．refer to　　　　　　　　 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 2．speed up (使)加速 3．pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的 4．through trial and error 反复试验 5．by accident 偶然，意外地 6．with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 7．let sb. down 使某人失望 8．as to 关于，至于 9．take it for granted 想当然地认为， 认为……是理所当然 10．put forward 提出，提议，建议 11．thanks to 由于；幸亏 12．far from the truth 根本不是事实 13．work out 计算出；理解 14．draw on 利用，动用 15．work on 致力于，研究 16．(be) involved in 被卷入，与……有关系 17．put another way 换句话说 18．to the credit of 归功于…… |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments.(it was not until ...that ...) 然而，在经过无数次失败试验之后，直到20世纪70年代屠呦呦才成功发现了青蒿素。 2．It is our responsibility ... to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed ...(not ...but ...“不是……而是……”) 我们有责任……教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨…… 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：杰出人物 1．She made great contributions to science and was considered as the greatest woman scientist throughout the world. 她为科学做出了巨大的贡献，被认为是世界上最伟大的女科学家。 2．Many of us regard him as our model, whose deeds encourage us to follow our passion and strive for our dreams. 我们很多人把他视为榜样，他的事迹激励着我们追随自己的激情，为自己的梦想而奋斗。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：情感表达之“高兴” Lucy nodded cheerfully. Madison put her arm around Lucy's shoulders, both smiling. With applause and laughter echoing through the house, Lucy joined the other girls to enjoy the party. 罗茜惬意地点点头，麦迪逊抱住她的双肩，两人都笑了。掌声、笑声回荡在屋里，罗茜和其他女孩一起享受着聚会的快乐。 高分悟道 本段中使用了“cheerfully, smiling, laughter, enjoy”等词，通过描写人物的各种笑容，表达了高兴的情绪。 高分有招 常见的表示“高兴”的高分词块有： in a good mood　　　　　 心情很好 in high/cheerful spirits 兴高采烈 roar with laughter 放声大笑 to one's delight/joy 令某人开心的是 be all smiles 喜笑颜开 beam with pleasure 喜不自胜 be seized by joy 欢欣鼓舞 一、默写核心单词 1．one of the diseases　 最致命的疾病之一 2．the struggle for 为生存而斗争 3．most of that country 该国的大部分省份 4．acquire a knowledge 获得广泛的知识 5．redesign the 重新设计实验 deadliest survival provinces broad experiments 6．in clinical 在临床试验中 7．use water containers 用家用的盛水容器 8． the trials on patients 推迟在病人身上进行试验 9．make an 出差错 10．have safety data 有充足的安全性数据 11． scientific research 开展科学研究 trials household postpone error sufficient conduct 12．Tall trees the lake. 环湖都是大树。 13．the development 智力发展 14．the and practice of language teaching 语言教学理论与实践 15． the battery 给电池充电 16．a scientist 一位杰出的科学家 surround intellectual theory charge standout 17．to the of science 归功于科学 18． the results of elections 否定选举结果 19． of speech 言论自由 20．be in all the daily papers 发表在所有日报上 credit negate freedom published 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) intend intention limited limit limitation container contain wisdom wise wisely beneficial benefit indicate indication accident accidental electric electrical involve involved scientific science scientist ignorance ignore ignorant permit permission responsibility responsible declare declaration nationality nation national evolution evolve marriage married 三、默写重点短语 1． 　　　　　　　　 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 2． (使)加速 3． 成功，奏效，达到目的 4． 反复试验 5． 偶然，意外地 6． 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 refer to speed up pay off through trial and error by accident with a bang 7． 使某人失望 8． 关于，至于 9． 想当然地认为， 认为……是理所当然 10． 提出，提议，建议 11． 由于；幸亏 12． 根本不是事实 let sb. down as to take it for granted put forward thanks to far from the truth 13． 计算出；理解 14． 利用，动用 15． 致力于，研究 16． 被卷入，与……有关系 17． 换句话说 18． 归功于…… work out draw on work on (be) involved in put another way to the credit of 2 课堂学案—过词汇关 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点 1．I'm sorry to say that I can't finish the work within the (limit) time. 2．There is good reason for it.It is by no means (accident)． 3．Sometimes, people don't like asking questions for fear of appearing stupid and (ignore)． limited accidental ignorant 4．They will ask you to sign a (declare) allowing your doctor to disclose your medical details. 5．In our country, everyone has rights and (free) to express his thoughts and ideas. 6．All the (indicate) are that he is filled with anger now. declaration freedom indications 7．As we know, taking positive attitudes towards life is ___________ (benefit) to our bodies and minds. 8．The scientist was determined to make a great breakthrough in _________(science) research. beneficial scientific 易错微点 1．名词declaration意为“公告；宣布；宣言”，其动词declare的常见搭配有declare war on/against ...“对……宣战”，declare against/for“声明表示反对/支持”，declare ...open“宣布……开幕”。 2．形容词加后缀-dom可变成名词，除freedom外，常见的还有：wise→wisdom; bored→boredom。 3．indication 意为“迹象，暗示”，常用于indication of (doing) sth.“(做)……的暗示”；其动词indicate的常用搭配有indicate sth.to sb.“向某人表明或暗示某事”，indicate that ...“表明或暗示……”。 二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳 1．intend vt.&vi.想要，计划；意指 ①They intended a large sum of money the development of the tourist industry. ②Last weekend, our class took part in a picking activity, which ______ (intend) for experiencing the joy of doing farm work in person. for is intended ③(活动介绍)The campaign the public to protect the environment. 这项活动旨在教育公众保护环境。 ④(2023·浙江1月高考写作)Last weekend, I took part in an event _____ learning more about daily biology. 上周末，我参加了一个活动，目的是学习更多关于日常生物学的知识。 is intended to educate with an intention of (1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事 (2)be intended for ... 专为……而设计；专供……使用的 be intended to be/do ... 为……打算(或设计)的 (3)intention n. 　 意图，目的，打算 with an/the intention of ...　 打算…… 2．involve vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 ①Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves _________(spend) quite a lot of time with students. ②(活动介绍)200 students from all grades_________________________ . 来自各个年级的200名学生参加了这次跑步比赛。 spending got involved in this running race ③(话题写作之个人成长)You should ____________________________ where you can gain experience for growth. 你们应该多参加社区活动，从中能获得成长经验。 involve yourselves in more community activities (1)involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事； 将某人牵涉到(做)某事中 involve doing sth.　 包括做某事 (2)get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；参加 be/get involved with sb./sth. 与某人混在一起； 和某事有密切联系 3．apply vt.&vi.应用；申请；涂；有关 ①We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class our future professions. ②To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of (apply) to attend the opening ceremony. ③(申请信) the opportunity to teach traditional Chinese crafts and art as part of the Chinese Workshop. 我写信是为了申请成为Chinese Workshop的一分子，有机会去教授一些中国传统的工艺和艺术。 to applicants I am writing to apply for (1)apply ...to ... 把……应用于……； 把……涂到……上 be applied to ... 　　 被应用于…… apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请…… apply oneself/one's mind to (doing) sth. 致力于/专心于(做)某事 (2)application n．　 书面申请 applicant n. 　 　 申请人 4．permit vt.&vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证 ①Employees are permitted (use) the golf course during their free hours. ②When you are in, please don't touch the machines without __________(permit)． ③The rules of the school do not permit (park) near the school gate. to use permission parking (2)permission n．　 　 许可 with/without one's permission 得到允许/未经允许 5．responsibility n．责任，负责；职责，义务 ①It was on that day that I learned the value of ___________________ (responsible)． ②Mike is responsible designing the entire project. ③(主旨升华句)Through this activity, the students _________________ and gratitude. 通过这次活动，学生们培养了强烈的责任感和感恩之心。 responsibility for developed a strong sense of responsibility (1)bear responsibility for 承担……的责任 take the responsibility for/of doing sth. 负起对(做)某事的责任 a sense of responsibility　 责任感 (2)responsible adj. 负责的，有责任的 be responsible for　 应对……负责 三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏 put forward 提出，提议，建议；推荐；将 ··· ···提前；拨快(时钟指针) ①I put going to the doctor because I was busy at that time. ②A suggestion has been put that we should recycle the textbooks. ③The names of the successful candidates will be put on the college noticeboard. off forward up ④Friends have to learn to put up each other's annoying shortcomings and tolerate differences of opinions. ⑤In response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put ___in the theatre twice a week. with on put aside 　 储存；(把……)撇开不理； 不考虑；放下正在做的事；留出 put off 推迟，延期 put up 修建；举起；抬起；张贴； (为……)提供食宿；提高(价钱) put up with 忍受；容忍 put on 表演(节目)；穿上；戴上；增加(体重) 四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码) 1.①The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city. ___ ②The way he conducts himself reflects on the family. ___ ③A study conducted in Ohio discovered that green areas of the city experienced less crime. ___ ④Kids who use media in unhealthy ways may have problems with relationships, conduct and other emotional symptoms. ___ ⑤Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera. ___ 1.conduct A．vt.组织， 实施 B．vt.指挥 C．vt.引导， 带领 D．vt.表现 E．n.行为， 举止 C D A E B 2.①She didn't intend to refer to the topic during the speech. ___ ②When you deliver a speech, if necessary, you can refer to your notes. ___ ③When I spoke of that girl, I wasn't referring to your daughter. ___ 2.refer to A．查阅，参考 B．提到，谈及 C．有关；指的是 B A C 3.①The plan put forward in the last meeting isn't accepted by everyone. ___ ②I think he is fit for the position; therefore, I'll put him forward as a candidate. ___ ③You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes to avoid coming late. ___ ④They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. ___ 3.put forward A．提出，提议，建议 B．推荐 C．将……提前 D．拨快(时钟指针) A B D C 数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段 3 迁移应用—过阅读关 (说明：文中加蓝词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。学生通过阅读此文，能深刻领悟到主人公对未知的好奇心，敢于提出问题并努力探索的决心，以及对待科学研究的严谨态度，体现了“立德树人”的根本任务。 √ 1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“observing how nature solved problems” “When he got older ... the messes people were making.”和第二段中的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions”以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出，John拥有研究事物的好奇心，善于思考，故选C。 √ 2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The task John ... placed them in the tanks”及第四段中的“all that was left was pure water”可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验他的生态机器的处理效果，故选D。 3．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John's research plans. B．To show an application of John's idea. C．To compare John's different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John's invention. √ 解析：推理判断题。上文讲到了John的发明成功了。根据第五段的中心句“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs”可知，多年来，John做了很多重大的工作。下文提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中的应用，故选B。 √ 4．What is the basis for John's work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 解析：推理判断题。本文主要围绕John的疑问“A dirty stream, for example ... people were making.”展开，正是在这个疑问的指引下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力，故选A。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇记叙文，采用了“问题—解决”型的语篇模式。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(一词多义)With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did._______ ②(熟词生义)He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington._______ v.认为 v.处理 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①clean up　　　　　　　　　 _____ ②a series of ___________________ ③get used to _______________ ④take ...as ... __________________ ⑤take on _____ ⑥kind of _____________ 清理 一系列的；一连串的 习惯于；适应于 把……看作是…… 承担 在某种程度上 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 抓标志：从属连词 ；连接词_____ 判类型：时间状语从句＋主句(含分词短语作状语和宾语从句) 试翻译：当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 when how 4 发展提升—过表达关 由教材典句，学高级表达 句式　not ...but ...“不是……而是……” |解|读|规|则| (1)not ... but ...意为“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个并列成分。 (2)当not ... but ...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近一致”原则的还有：or; not only ... but also ...; either ... or ...; neither ... nor ...等。 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空/单句写作) ①Not you but the interpreter (be) to answer for it. ②It is that makes a great difference to your life tomorrow. 是你现在做的事情而不是你说的话对你今后的生活有重大影响。 is not what you say now but what you do |应|用|写|美| ③(主旨升华句)这次的经历告诉我，决定你是谁的不是你被给予了什么，而是你如何利用所被给予的。 The experience tells me that it is ________________________________ that determines who you are. ④(建议信)不是做我们喜欢做的事，而是喜欢我们必须做的事才能让生活快乐。 It's not doing the things we love,_________________________________ . not what you are given but how you make use of it but loving the things we have to do that makes life happy 建构语义场，丰富语料库 子语境(一)　杰出人物的突出成就 1．for his contributions to the studies of electricity 因为他对电学的贡献 2．manage to find solutions to the problem 成功找到解决这个问题的方法 3．overcome enormous technical difficulties 攻克了巨大的技术难题 4．make great achievements in many fields 在许多领域取得了巨大的成就 5．be considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine 被认为是对中医药发展的巨大贡献 6．devote himself to improving the output of hybrid rice 致力于提高杂交水稻的产量 子语境(二)　杰出人物的影响力 1．encourage scientists to further explore ... 鼓励科学家们进一步探索…… 2．set an outstanding example to sb. 为某人树立杰出的榜样 3．leave a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象 4．make sb.more interested in science 让某人对科学更感兴趣 5．His life experience is inspiring young people to achieve their dreams. 他的人生经历正鼓舞着年轻人去实现他们的梦想。 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(蓝体字为单元词汇的复现) ① (旨在提高学生的科学意识)，the science festival with the theme of “The Beauty of Science” was launched in our school last week. Intended to raise students' awareness of science At the beginning, an expert was invited to teach us how to make robots, after which the students ②______________________________ (参与了丰富多彩的活动), such as programming robots and designing robots.As to other activities, scientific knowledge quizzes and lectures about advanced technologies were arranged at different time.At this festival, we also appreciated various devices on the spot, ③ (它们对我们的日常生活很有帮助)．④ (最令人印象深刻的是) involved themselves in the colourful activities which are very beneficial to our daily life What was most impressive was that the festival made us students realize ⑤__________________________ (追求科学是没有界限的)． In conclusion, not only did the festival motivate us to apply ourselves to science but it also raised our awareness of innovation. there is no limit to pursuing science (二)对标单元主题创写语段 作者热爱科学，喜欢做一些小实验。一天，他把一些水放在自己做的一个小铝箔容器里，然后放进微波炉加热，结果铝箔容器燃烧起来，作者吓得大哭…… 请结合所给首句用第一人称续写一段文字，具体描述一下爸爸说了什么，作者有什么感悟、做出了哪些改变。注意运用对话描写及心理描写。 My dad, hearing the sound, hurried over and asked, “What happened？”　 参考范文： My dad, hearing the sound, hurried over and asked, “What happened？” I explained the situation, feeling embarrassed and frightened by the unexpected outcome. My dad comforted me and explained patiently, “Metal should never be put in the microwave. It can cause a fire risk. Scientific experiments are serious and cannot be conducted blindly. Therefore, be cautious about what you do.” My dad's words sank in, and I promised to change my impulsive behaviour and adopt a more cautious approach. It was a turning point on my path to pursuing science, and I was grateful for the invaluable advice that my dad had shared with me. 5 课下测评—过高考关 课时作业(一)　主题阅读集群训练　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·广州模拟)“You like pottery (陶艺) more than you like science，” a family member said.I knew the comment was made lightly, but I felt frustrated and disappointed.I had worked so hard to achieve a balance between my scientific and artistic pursuits.Why was my creative side still seen as a weakness and a disturbance, in opposition to my science? As a little girl, I created art by breaking up eggshells, dying them, and gluing them to a cloth.I also conducted science experiments with my mom, a high school science teacher, on the back porch.In college, I loved my chemistry courses and research work, and I regarded cooking as my creative outlet, hosting weekly dinner parties for friends. Yet I heard time and again that creative expression and science were not possible together.When my college roommate concluded with a personality test that I was the “creative” type, the rest of my friends said that couldn't be right, because “I was a scientist and therefore was not creative”. As I was preparing for graduate school and studying for the chemistry GRE test, I realized I talked about science the same way I would paint a picture, explaining concepts in broad strokes (粗线条地) — in part because I struggled to remember technical scientific terminology.I worried my way of thinking wouldn't fit in with “proper” scientists.In the end, though, my desire to pursue a scientific career won out.I figured I would continue to find a way to balance my research with my creative pursuits, regardless of what others thought. When in graduate school I found pottery, which I could pursue on evenings and weekends.After my first class, I was attracted.It has inspired me to more intentionally mix my art with my science.I keep a notebook at my lab table filled with words of mug (马克杯) designs inspired by my experiments.Through the challenge of getting my paper into its core concepts in such a way that it could be displayed on a mug, I gained a better understanding of my project.Pottery has now turned into a way for me to train my brain to be creative and think outside the box. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是如何在科学研究和艺术创作之间找到平衡的。 √ 1．What did the family member think of the author's pottery? A．It still had room for improvement. B．It would relax the author in her work. C．It made up for the author's weakness. D．It did no good to the author's career. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可推知，作者的一位家人认为陶艺对作者的事业没有帮助。 √ 2．How did the author show her creativity as a college student? A．By dying eggshells. B．By performing science experiments. C．By doing some cooking. D．By attending social parties. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者把烹饪作为体现自己创意的方式，每周为朋友们举办晚宴。 √ 3．What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 3? A．She didn't get along well with her classmates in college. B．She nearly gave up her pursuit of art. C．She once doubted her way of understanding science. D．She was angry about being misunderstood by friends. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句可推知，作者曾经怀疑自己理解科学的方式。 4．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The notebook. B．The design of the mug. C．The challenge of the paper. D．The author's science research. √ 解析：代词指代题。根据上文可知，作者在学习陶艺的时候受到启发，于是有意识地将它与科学研究结合在一起，并在马克杯上展示出来，这使她对自己的研究课题有了更好的了解。由此可知，it指代“作者的科学研究”。 B (2025·菏泽模拟)Science is always seen as hard-core and hard to understand.But could you imagine hundreds of people being attracted by the cover of a science magazine? The achievement was completed after Wang Yixi and his team made the cover of an October issue of Structure, a US-based Cell Press journal.The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme (酶) involved in the biosynthesis (生物合成) of an important organic compound is activated — the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team.Another one of his popular works that carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image, describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa, carrying her newly discovered compound to fill a crack in the sky. While studying Chemistry at university, Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain, but the amount of text was too large and abstract.As he had been interested in drawing, and related software like Photoshop, he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art.He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers. It didn't take long before his classmates and professors noticed his talents and asked him to help them with their papers.By word of mouth, more people beat a path to Wang's door and were willing to pay for his service.Over the past four years, Wang and his team have come up with more than 10,000 visual works for academic papers across a variety of fields, many of which have made their way to the world's top academic journals, including Nature, Science and Cell. “Every scientific paper is innovative, and graphics are an essential part of scientific papers，” Wang says, adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods, to showcase experimental results, visually process data or compare differences among experiments. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了王义西通过使用中国元素生动地展现了科学过程，解释了他的灵感来源以及贡献。 √ 5．What play a special role in Wang's works? A．Fairy tales.　　　　 B．Chinese elements. C．Rich colors. D．Complex structures. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国元素在王义西的作品中扮演了特殊的角色。 √ 6．What can we learn about Wang Yixi from paragraph 3? A．He preferred painting to Chemistry. B．He developed useful mapping software. C．He had an active mind to solve problems. D．He had trouble conducting his experiment. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，王义西在解决问题时能够运用积极思维。 7．How does Wang make abstract papers easily understood? A．By visualizing them vividly. B．By showing them accurately. C．By explaining them in detail. D．By constructing them uniquely. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段以及最后一段可知，王义西通过生动地想象将论文进行可视化处理，以使抽象的论文易于理解。 √ √ 8．What is the best title for the text? A．The power of art B．Dilemmas of science C．Mysteries of Chemistry D．Inspiration from science 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段并结合全文可知，文章主要说明了王义西通过使用中国元素生动地展现了科学过程，解释了他的灵感来源以及贡献。故D项“科学的灵感”适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2025·广州模拟)Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique.It involves explaining what you're learning to others.By teaching what you've learned from memory, you engage in active recall. 9 It also ensures that you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it.The technique consists of four repeatable steps. 精品课件·名师析题 To begin, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand. 10 The more interested you are, the faster you'll grasp it.Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged. 11 Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old.If you'd rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience.But it works much better if you use a real person.They'll be able to let you know when something isn't clear. While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding. 12 Review your notes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward. Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person.This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit. The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. 13 You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else.However, with great efforts in mastering this method, you'll see your learning results improve quicker than ever before. A．It is mentally demanding. B．This helps the information stick in your mind better. C．Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct feedback. D．Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning. E．Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone else. F．Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning. G．When this happens, refer back to the original material for the missing pieces. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主理查德·费曼提出的“费曼学习法”。 9．解析：选B　上文提到，通过根据记忆教授你所学的内容，你就能积极回忆。故B项“这有助于信息更好地留在你的脑海中”承接上文，符合语境。 10．解析：选D　下文介绍了兴趣和学习之间的关系：你越感兴趣，就能越快掌握它。此外，一个个人感兴趣的话题会让你保持动力和投入。故D项“你对它的好奇心将决定你的学习进度”衔接下文，符合语境。 11．解析：选E　下文提到：记下要点，用五岁小孩能理解的方式解释。如果你不想真的教别人，你可以把它教给一个想象中的听众。故E项“一旦你选择了一个主题，你就可以把它教给其他人”引起下文，符合语境。 12．解析：选G　上文提到，在教学过程中，你可能会发现自己理解上的差距；下文则说，出现这种情况的解决办法是回顾笔记。故G项“当这种情况发生时，请回到原始材料中查找缺失的部分”承上启下，符合语境。 13．解析：选A　下文提到，你需要积极地思考问题，而不是被动地阅读或听别人说话。故A项“这对思维要求很高”引起下文，符合语境。 课时作业(二)　语言技能综合训练　　　　　 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2025·德州模拟)In Lincoln Elementary School, the students went wild with excitement on hearing the announcement of the upcoming science fair. Among the 1 participants was Alex, a promising young scientist with a passion for 2 . Alex envisioned creating a volcano model for the fair, complete with a(n) 3 display using baking soda (小苏打) and vinegar (醋). He was busy with his project when he noticed Mia, a recent addition to the school, 4 to resolve the complexities of the science fair. Instead of being 5 ， Alex decided to extend a helping hand and invited Mia to 6 him. Their working together became a lively 7 of ideas and creativity. Alex patiently explained the scientific method, 8 his knowledge with Mia, who, in turn, put forward new thoughts. They 9 searched for materials, exploring science by trial and error. Time flying, their joint project, an eye-opening solar-powered model, was 10 . On the science fair day, the school gym was full of scientific wonders. When Alex and Mia confidently introduced their project and skillfully 11 the awe-inspiring sight of volcanic eruption, the judges were deeply impressed and awarded them a special 12 for teamwork. Alex's decision to 13 to Mia not only made the fair memorable for them but generated positive energy among the students, who realized that 14 ， as well as kindness, is truly a 15 in supporting one another in the pursuit of scientific knowledge. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了亚历克斯在为科学博览会做准备时，主动帮助了遇到困难的米娅，他们共同合作并在博览会上大获成功。作者通过这个故事强调了在追求科学的道路上，善良和合作是不可或缺的。 √ 1．A.daring　　　　　　　 B．curious C．hesitant D．eager 解析：根据上文语境可知，听到即将召开科学博览会，学生们都很激动，所以大家都渴望参与。 √ 2．A.theory B．biology C．experiments D．adventures 解析：根据下文的“Alex envisioned creating ...and vinegar.”可知，亚历克斯想制作一个火山模型，所以他应是对科学实验充满热情。 √ 3．A.burning B．erupting C．talent D．gravity 解析：根据上文的“Alex envisioned creating a volcano model for the fair”可知，亚历克斯打算制作一个火山模型，在博览会上进行火山喷发的展示。 √ 4．A.struggling B．offering C．demanding D．managing 解析：根据下文的“to resolve the complexities of the science fair”可知，米娅正在努力解决一些复杂的问题。 √ 5．A.well-intended B．self-absorbed C．hard-working D．easy-going 解析：根据下文的“Alex decided to extend a helping hand”可知，亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是向米娅伸出援助之手。self-absorbed意为“只顾自己的，自我专注的”。 √ 6．A.replace B．accompany C．join D．instruct 解析：根据下文语境可知，亚历克斯邀请米娅加入自己。 √ 7．A.exchange B．race C．change D．challenge 解析：根据下文描述的两个人的互动可知，他们积极地交流想法和创意。 √ 8．A.sharing B．checking C．doubting D．acquiring 解析：此处表示亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识。 √ 9．A.aimlessly B．randomly C．leisurely D．tirelessly 解析：此处表示他们不知疲倦地寻找材料，通过反复试验来探索科学。 √ 10．A.initiated B．born C．planned D．located 解析：此处表示他们的合作项目——一个令人大开眼界的、由太阳能驱动的模型——诞生了。 √ 11．A.analyzed B．designed C．filmed D．demonstrated 解析：根据下文的“the awe-inspiring sight of volcanic eruption”可知，他们熟练地展示了火山喷发的场景。 √ 12．A.contract B．recognition C．permit D．degree 解析：根据上文语境可知，他们给评委们留下了深刻的印象，获得了特别的认可。 √ 13．A.reach out B．get through C．give in D．look up 解析：根据上文的“Alex decided to extend a helping hand”可知，此处指亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的事。reach out to sb.“向某人伸出援手”。 √ 14.A.competition B．dignity C．discipline D．cooperation 解析：根据上文的“awarded them a special for teamwork”可知，他们的合作使同学们意识到，合作和善良是支持彼此追求科学知识的必备条件。 √ 15．A.destination B．subject C．must D．signal 解析：此处强调“合作和善良”是必不可少的。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·保定模拟)Walking into the Palace Museum, visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture.But 1 can't be seen is the science and technology behind it.The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology, thus 2 (enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition, communication, tourism services and heritage protection. The Palace Museum, 3 (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China's most complete variety, has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices 4 independent intellectual property rights (IPR)．The 5 (history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system, risk judgment and early warning systems, and preventive measures.With the introduction of AI, big data and cloud computing, the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and 6 emergency platform for immovable cultural relics. Additionally, digital technologies 7 (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics.It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information, 850,000 pieces/sets of images, 1,500 three-dimensional models and high-precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas, bringing cultural resources to life and offering 8 (good) digital services for Internet users.The Palace Museum is 9 (true) an amazing example of applying the 10 (combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了故宫博物院将传统修复技术与现代科学技术相结合，从而增强了其文化展示、交流、旅游服务和遗产保护的能力。 1．what　考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句，作主语，指代事物，应用连接代词what。 2．enhancing　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填enhancing。 3．equipped　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，且The Palace Museum与equip之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填equipped。 4．with　考查介词。句意：故宫博物院配备了中国品种最齐全的文化遗产保护和研究团队，开发并集成了14种具有自主知识产权的特殊监测设备。根据句意可知，空处表示“有”，应用介词with。 5．historical　考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词data，表示“历史的”。故填historical。 6．an　考查冠词。platform为可数名词，此处泛指“一个应急平台”，且emergency以元音音素开头，故填an。 7．have been applied　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；主语与谓语之间为被动关系，且主语为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填have been applied。 8．better　考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，此处表示“更好的”，应用形容词比较级better。 9．truly　考查副词。修饰谓语动词应用副词。故填truly。 10．combination　考查名词。apply后接名词作宾语，combination“结合”为抽象概念，是不可数名词。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom来信询问你最喜欢的科学家。请你给Tom写封回信，内容包括： 1．简介该科学家； 2．喜欢他/她的原因； 3．他/她对你的影响。 精品课件·名师析题 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Tom， Yours sincerely， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear Tom， Nice to hear from you.The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, an agricultural pioneer of China. It is known that there exists hunger in many countries.To help more people to get enough food, Yuan Longping devoted himself to improving the output of hybrid rice.Thanks to his research, the output doubled.More importantly, Yuan Longping was willing to share his achievement with others, which contributed to ridding the world of hunger. It is his devotion that makes him successful and his devotion has inspired me a lot.I will study hard, hoping to contribute to the country and people like him. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 课时作业(三)　读后续写讲评训练 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 [1] The very first speech I had given changed my life more than I could ever have imagined. I was a third-grader when I chose Susan B．Anthony to be the topic. When I got the assignment, I went to the library and began researching the Women's Fight for the Right to Vote. 精品课件·名师析题 I never really thought about a time when women had no voting rights and that their opinions didn't count. I learned that Susan B．Anthony led the fight to give women a say in our society. She overcame a lot of obstacles in order to do that. [2] About a week after giving my school speech, my mom read a newspaper article about a statue honoring Susan B．Anthony. The problem was that few people ever got to see the statue. It was dedicated (落成) in 1921, but within twenty-four hours it was taken down to the basement and stored where it had remained for nearly eighty years. [3] When I read that article, I was getting angry! This statue belonged in a place of honor. I felt that it should be in the round hall, along with the statues of Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King Jr, and George Washington.❶ [4] The article asked for donations because it would take $74,000 to move the thirteen-ton statue out of the basement. I decided to write a letter with a self-addressed envelope asking my relatives and friends to send a Susan B．Anthony coin or a $1 bill to me to contribute to the Women's Voting Statue Campaign. Every day I ran to the mailbox after school. But a month later, my piggy bank was still far from full.❷ [5] So every night, after my homework, I wrote more letters at the kitchen table. Pretty soon the whole family got involved in the project. My seven-year-old brother, David, prepared stamps and envelopes. My mother and grandmother found addresses for people I wanted to contact and my dad drove me around and gave me tons of encouragement when I spoke to big groups. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I passed around a piggy bank for donations at the end of each speech.　 I was interviewed on TV.　 [写作构思指导] 一、读文路径(把握结构主旨) 二、思考路径 1．理清故事双线 2．关注伏笔照应 伏笔1(句①)：暗示Susan B．Anthony的雕像会与亚伯拉罕·林肯等伟人的雕像放在一起。 伏笔2(句②)：暗示作者在前期筹款困难的情况下不断努力，进而引发后续更广泛的社会支持。 3．构思续写内容(运用“5所”构思) 第一段： ①How did the audience react？(所做——接续首句) ②How about the piggy bank？(所见——推进情节) ③How did I think of the statues？ (根据原文伏笔1提出问题：所想——推进情节) ④Was I noticed by the TV station？(所做——衔接下文) 第二段： ⑤Was the interview a success? (所感——接续首句) ⑥What happened after the interview? (所见——推进情节) ⑦Was enough money raised？ (根据原文伏笔2提出问题：所做——推进情节) ⑧How did I feel? What lesson did I learn from this event？ (所感——主旨升华) [逻辑润色成文] 一、写好两个关键语段 1．请设计“我”接受电视台采访后出现的情形。 Following the interview, more reports came out telling thousands of people about my goal. More supporting letters began to pour in. With joint efforts of people, enough money was raised. 2．请设计一个合理的结尾。 (感悟式结尾) (哲理式结尾) It was quite an experience to witness the generosity of people who were all inspired by the remarkable Susan B．Anthony, and keep her statue alive for generations to come. The statue event tells people that history is a mirror and knowing history can make fewer mistakes. 二、衔接好，做到逻辑顺畅成文 I passed around a piggy bank for donations at the end of each speech. My audience eagerly participated, not just by contributing spare change, but also words of encouragement. The piggy bank grew heavier with each passing day, filled with coins, bills and the collective spirit of a community coming together for a noble cause. It wasn't long before I raised $2,000. With a good start, I began to imagine that statue in the round hall next to the greatest Americans in history. (对应伏笔1) My speech has captured the widespread attention since a TV station reached out to me. I was interviewed on TV. The program made a hit. Following the interview, more reports came out telling thousands of people about my goal. More supporting letters began to pour in. With joint efforts of people, enough money was raised. (对应伏笔2) Excitement and gratitude filled my heart with so many people observing the relocation of the statue nearly a century later. (心理描写) It was quite an experience to witness the generosity of people who were all inspired by the remarkable Susan B．Anthony, and keep her statue alive for generations to come. (1)permit $$