必修第三册（教师用书）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版）

|背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．soil n．　　　　　　　 土壤；国土，领土，土地 2．ecosystem n. 生态系统 3．continent n. 大陆，陆地，洲 4．biodiversity n. 生物多样性 5．towering adj. 高大的，高耸的；出色的 6．nutrient n. 营养素，营养物 7．carbon n. 碳 8．oxygen n. 氧，氧气 9．global adj. 全球的；全面的 10．greenhouse n. 温室，暖房 11．gas n. 气体；煤气；汽油 12．drought n. 旱灾，久旱 13．brochure n. 小册子 14．belt n. 地带，地区；腰带；传送带 15．medal n. 奖章，勋章 16．image n. 形象；图像；意象 17．habitat n. 生活环境，栖息地 18．nowhere adv. 无处，哪里都不 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．overseas adj.　　　　 海外的，国外的 adv. 在海外，向国外 2．region n. 地区，区域；行政区 3．million num. 一百万；许多，大量 4．species n．(pl.species) 种，物种 5．wildlife n. 野生动植物，野生生物 6．beneath prep. 在……下面，在……下方；配不上 7．mass n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的 8．living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 n. 生计，谋生；生活方式 9．thus adv. 因此，从而；这样 10．impact n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt. 有影响；冲击 11．damage vt.& n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 12．climate n. 气候；倾向，风气 13．track vt.& vi. 跟踪，追踪 n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 14．resident n. 居民，住户 15．chief n. 首领，最高领导人 adj. 主要的；首席的 16．protest vi. 反对，抗议 vt. 反对；坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对 17．profit n. 利润，收益；好处 vi.&vt. 获益，得到好处 18．process n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt. 加工，处理 19．recycle vt. 回收利用，再利用 20．former adj. 昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 21．official n. 官员，要员 adj. 公务的；正式的，官方的 22．poverty n. 贫穷，贫困；贫乏 23．further adj. 更多的，更进一步的 adv. 较远，更远；进一步 vt. 促进，增进 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．harm　n．& vt. 　 伤害，损害 harmful adj. 有害的；导致损害的 harmless adj. 无害的 2．long adj. 长的，长时间的 length n．　 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 lengthen v. (使)变长 3．vary v. 变化 variety n． 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的 4．survive vi. 生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 survivor n. 幸存者 survival n. 幸存，生存 5．disappear vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪 disappearance n. 消失；失踪 6．agriculture n. 农业，农学 agricultural adj. 农业的 7．extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的 extinction n. 灭绝，绝种 8．apply v. 应用；涉及；申请 application n. 应用，运用；申请 applicant n. 申请人；求职者 9．organize vt. 组织 organization n. 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 10．absolute adj. 绝对的，完全的 absolutely adv. 绝对地，完全地；极其 11．entire adj. 整个的，完全的，全部的 entirely adv. 完全地，全部地，完整地 12．defend vt. 保护；保卫 defence n．　　　 辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 13．economy n. 经济；节约 economic adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 economical adj. 节约的；经济的 14．poison vt. 污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药 poisonous adj. 有毒的 15．chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家 chemical n．　 化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的 chemically adv. (在)化学(性质)上；用化学方法 16．consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的 consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性 consequently adv. 因此；所以 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．后缀-ful助力“名”变“形”　 ①harm→harmful　　　　 有害的 ②power→powerful 强有力的 ③pain→painful 疼痛的 ④peace→peaceful 和平的 2．特殊名词单复数同形　 ①species 种，物种 ②series 系列 ③means 方法 ④works 工厂 |背|短|语| 1．a sea of　　　　　　 大量的；大片的 2．(be) alive with 充满，到处都是 3．play a significant part/role in ... 在……中起着重要的作用 4．in length 在长度上 5．do harm to 给……带来/造成危害 6．cut down 砍倒 7．a variety of 各种各样的；大量的 8．feed on 以……为食 9．in turn 相应地，转而 10．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成) 11．breathe life into 给……带来起色，注入活力 12．due to 由于，因为 13．be home to 是……的栖息地/家园 14．build up 逐渐增加，扩大 15．come up with 想出，想到 16．call for (公开)要求；需要 17．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) 18．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 19．protest against sth. 反对某事 20．give rise to 使发生(或存在) |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.(倍数＋the size of ...) 亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 2．The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length ...(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句) 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近 6 400 千米…… 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：人与自然 1．As we all know, with man destroying the natural environment, many animals are endangered. 众所周知，随着人类对自然环境的破坏，许多动物濒临灭绝。 2．Only in this way can we ensure the sustainable development of Mother Earth.Let's work together to build a harmonious ecology. 只有这样，我们才能保证地球母亲的可持续发展。让我们共同努力，构建和谐生态。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：形体描写之“腿” But my legs and arms were shaking. Every step felt like that thousands of needles were sinking into my legs. There were three blisters on each of my feet. I couldn't take it. Besides, because my bag was full, I put all my clothes on me, which made me feel very hot. Sweat was dripping down my face. It felt like I was in the Sahara! 但我的双腿和双臂在颤抖，每走一步双腿就像千万根针扎进去一样。每只脚上起了很多水泡，我可受不了。此外，因为我的包是满满的，我把所有衣服都穿在身上，这使我觉得很热。汗水从脸上滴落下来，感觉就像身处撒哈拉沙漠！ 高分悟道 本段加黑部分中关于腿部动作的描写，尤其是腿像针扎似的，形象地描绘出了人物疲劳、痛苦的精神状态。 高分有招 常见的与“腿”相关的高分词块有： drag one's heavy legs　　拖着沉重的双腿 cross one's legs 盘腿 shaky/trembling legs 颤抖的双腿 一、默写核心单词 1．overseas students　　　 　　 海外留学生 2．one overseas region of France 一块法国的海外领地 3．6 million square kilometres 600万平方千米 4．endangered species 濒危物种 5．protect wildlife 保护野生动植物 6．beneath the ocean's surface 在海平面以下 7．weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器 8．all living things 所有生物 9．Thus,_it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”． 因此，它常常被称作“地球之肺”。 10．have an impact on my life 对我的人生有影响 11．damage sb.'s career 损害某人的事业 12．stop climate change 阻止气候变化 13．led by a local resident 在一名当地居民的带领下 14．the chief cause of poverty 贫困的主要原因 15．a protest march 抗议游行 16．make huge profits 产生巨大的利润 17．in the production process 在生产过程中 18．recycle domestic waste 回收利用生活垃圾 19．a former UN official 一位联合国前官员 20．investigate the cause of the accident further 进一步调查这起事故的起因 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 三、默写重点短语 1．a_sea_of　　　　　　　 大量的；大片的 2．(be)_alive_with 充满，到处都是 3．play_a_significant_part/role_in_... 在……中起着重要的作用 4．in_length 在长度上 5．do_harm_to 给……带来/造成危害 6．cut_down 砍倒 7．a_variety_of 各种各样的；大量的 8．feed_on 以……为食 9．in_turn 相应地，转而 10．break_down 使分解(为)，使变化(成) 11．breathe_life_into 给……带来起色，注入活力 12．due_to 由于，因为 13．be_home_to 是……的栖息地/家园 14．build_up 逐渐增加，扩大 15．come_up_with 想出，想到 16．call_for (公开)要求；需要 17．spring_to_mind 突然记起(或想到) 18．get_rid_of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 19．protest_against_sth. 反对某事 20．give_rise_to 使发生(或存在) 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点 1．Tom is a fantastic musician.I'm absolutely (absolute) certain that his next concert will be a success. 2．I attached a photo to my application (apply) form and sent it to the company. 3．The entire village was destroyed.It now looks entirely (entire) different from the previous one. 4．We shouldn't forget the soldiers who died in defence (defend) of our country. 5．These students are often observed to take part in various (vary) sports events in the stadium. 6．They are working hard to measure the length (long) of the river found recently in the forest. 易错微点 1．in defence of意为“保卫……；为……辩护”；动词defend的常用搭配为defend ...from/against ...“保护……免遭……；保卫……；抵御……”。 2．various意为“各种各样的”，可用a variety of 或varieties of替换。 3．几组“adj.→n.→v.”： long→length→lengthen wide→width→widen high→height→heighten deep→depth→deepen 二、重点词汇—— 1．harm n．&vt.伤害，损害 ①As we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health. ②There is no harm in listening to your parents' opinions when you have trouble or problems. ③(话题写作之健康生活)众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。(一句多译) →It is known to us that eating too much junk food does_harm_to_your_health.(harm n．) →It is known to us that eating too much junk food is_harmful_to_your_health.(harmful) (1)do/cause harm to sb./sth. 对某人/物有害 do/cause sb. harm 对某人有害 there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 (2)harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to 对……有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 2．survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 ①Survivors (survive) of the accident were rushed to the nearest hospital in no time. ②If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival (survive)． ③(话题写作之动物保护)To make sure these beautiful animals are_to_survive,_we should take action right now. 为了确保这些美丽的动物能生存下去，我们应该马上采取行动。 (1)survive sth.　 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来 survive on 依靠……生存下来 A survive B (by ...) A比B活得长(……) (2)survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 survival n．[U] 幸存；[C]残存物 3．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.&vt.有影响；冲击 ①They say they expect the meeting to have a great impact on the future of the country. ②Her father's death impacted greatly on/upon her childhood years. ③(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, which_made_a_far-reaching_impact_on the Chinese educational system. 此外，他提议建立一个全国性的学校体系，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。 (1)have/make an impact on/upon sb./sth. 对某人/某物有影响 (2)impact on/upon 对……有影响/作用 名师指津：表达“对……有影响”还可以用have an effect/influence on；表达“对……有不好的影响”时，可用hit、deliver a blow to ...等。 4．profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.&vt.获益，得到好处；对……有用(或有益) ①Exercise is profitable (profit) for people of all ages. ②His purpose was to make a profit by improving the company's performance. ③(名言警句)I profit_more_from/by one consultation with you than from ten years of reading. 听君一席话，胜读十年书。 (1)make a profit/profits 获利 profit from/by ...　 从……中获利 (2)non-profit adj. 非营利的 profitable adj. 赢利的；有益的 5.consequence n．结果，后果；重要性 ①Consequently (consequent), I have every right to believe that my dream university is waving its hand at me. ②If you go on doing this, we won't answer for the consequence. ③(同义句转换)Because of bad health, he was unable to attend school regularly. →He was in bad health.As_a_consequence/In_consequence,_he was unable to attend school regularly. →As_a_consequence_of/In_consequence_of bad health, he was unable to attend school regularly. (1)as a consequence/in consequence 因此，结果(在句中作状语) as a consequence of/in consequence of 由于，因为 answer for the consequence 对后果负责 (2)consequent adj. 随之发生的，作为结果的 consequently adv.　 因此，所以 三、重点短语—— 1．break down使分解(为)，使变化(成)；(机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；消除；拆除 ①I was still sleeping when the fire broke out,_and then it spread quickly. ②Only then did I realize that it was so foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them. ③She longed to break in on their conversation but didn't want to appear rude. ④ After all, communication can help break down the barriers between the young and their parents. break in　　 强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴 break into 闯入，破门而入 break out 爆发，突然发生 break through　 突破；克服，战胜 break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离；摆脱 break off 中断；折断 2．due to由于，因为 ①(同义替换)Because of my English teacher's help, my English scores are always on the top of my class.Due_to ②(细节描写)We finally lost the match due_to_a_lack_of_confidence and everyone was terribly depressed. 由于缺乏自信，我们最终输掉了比赛，每个人都很沮丧。 ③(细节描写)She is_due_to_complete_her_studies_and_graduate later this year. 她预计今年晚些时候就要完成学业并毕业了。 due adj. 应得的；应付的；预定的 be due to sb.　　　 应付给某人 be due to do sth. 预定/预期做某事 名师指津： (1)be due to sb.中to为介词；be due to do sth.中to为不定式符号。 (2)表示“因为；由于”的介词短语还有：because of/on account of/as a result of/owing to/thanks to等。 四、一词多义—— ①For all these years, I have been working for others.I hope I'll build up my own business some day. __C__ ②Outdoor activities are really helpful in building up my body and enriching my school life. __B__ ③If you don't express your feelings, sadness and anger can build up. __A__ build up A．逐渐增加，扩大 B．增强……的体质 C．建立 D．开发 数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D篇)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇说明文。随着城市化进程，人们发现很难接触到大自然，一项研究表明大自然对居民的健康至关重要。文章呼吁人们亲近自然，与大自然多互动，保护自然，关爱健康。 1．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”以及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。故B项正确。 2．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park-goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句话“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories ... began to emerge.”可知，研究人员这样做是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。故D项正确。 3．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying ... a fountain on their lunch break”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，在工作日可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。故C项正确。 4．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段Kahn的话“And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护自然，故B项正确。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇说明文，采用了“问题—解决”型的语篇模式。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.v.膨胀 ②(一词多义)After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.v.留意，注意 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①access to　　　　　　　 能够接触、使用或进入……的权利或机会 ②focus on 专注于 ③take part in 参加 ④bring ...back into ... 让……回归到…… ⑤interact with 与……互动 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. 抓标志：从属连词 if；连接词 where；并列连词 but；关系代词 that 判类型：复合句(含一个条件状语从句和一个宾语从句)＋并列连词＋复合句(含一个定语从句) 试翻译：如果你幸运的话，你住的附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对原始的地方是不常见的。 由教材典句，学高级表达 句式1　倍数表达法 |解|读|规|则| 倍数表达法的三个基本句型和四个特殊句型： (1)三个基本句型： ①倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as； ②倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than； ③倍数＋the＋度量名词(size, length, height, depth, weight, width ...)＋of (2)四个特殊句型： ①倍数＋as many/much＋名词＋as； ②倍数＋more＋名词＋than； ③倍数＋that/those of； ④倍数＋what从句 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空) ①There is four times as much water in this pot as in that one. ②There are five times more books in our library than in yours. ③In this workshop, the output of July was 4.5 times that of January. |应|用|写|美| ④(景物描写)正在修建的新体育馆将是原来的三倍大。 →The new stadium being built will be three_times_the_size_of the previous one.(size) →The new stadium being built will be three_times_as_big_as the previous one.(as) →The new stadium being built will be three_times_bigger_than the previous one.(比较级＋than) 句式2　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词一般用whom(先行词指人)或which(先行词指物)。 (2)“介词＋关系代词”可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中，介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略；但若介词后置，则可用that代替which，用who代替whom，也可省略关系代词。 (3)介词的确定要遵循三点原则： ①根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定； ②根据定语从句中动词或形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定； ③根据定语从句的意义来确定。 (4)某些在从句中充当时间、地点、原因等状语的“介词＋关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、 where、 why互换。 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空) ①The colourless gas, without which we can't live, is called oxygen. ②This is the teacher from whom we've learnt a lot. ③He has visited the school for several times, in which he has many friends. |应|用|写|美| ④(感谢信)感谢你的帮忙，没有你的帮助我们不可能按时完成工作。 Thank you for your help, without_which_we_could_not_have_finished_the_work_on_time. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)这是一次宝贵而充实的经历，从中我们学到了很多植物方面的知识。 It was a valuable and enriching experience, from_which_we_acquired_a_lot_of_knowledge_ of_plants. 建构语义场，丰富语料库 子语境(一)　野生动物现状 1．a significant number of jaguars 数量可观的美洲豹 2．the list of species in danger of extinction 濒危物种的名单 3．Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. 人类活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。 4．Hunting and fishing have had damaging effects on the world's animal populations. 狩猎和捕鱼对世界动物种群产生了破坏性影响。 5．When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. 当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，让许多动物没有地方住、没有食物吃。 子语境(二)　野生动物保护 1．take measures　　　　　 采取措施 2．make efforts 做出努力 3．protect animal habitats 保护动物栖息地 4．play a significant role 扮演着举足轻重的角色 5．maintain the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem 维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡 6．take care of/protect animals with these measures 通过这些措施照顾/保护动物 7．Animals are very important to our world, and we must work together to protect them. 动物对我们的世界非常重要，我们必须共同努力保护它们。 8．From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals.It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 我不时地会看看这张照片，提醒自己尊重所有的动物。毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。 子语境(三)　人与自然和谐共处 1．a huge sea of green　　　　 一片绿色的海洋 2．a treasure house of species 物种的宝库 3．alive with the sounds of animals 处处可闻各种动物的声音 4．home to different kinds of living things 各种生物的家园 5．these irreplaceable plants and animals 这些无可取代的动植物 6．What is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. 最令人惊叹的是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现) It is well known that a great many human activities ①have done great harm to our home (对我们的家园造成了极大的伤害) — the earth. The temperature of the earth is becoming higher and higher ②as a consequence of the increasing emission of greenhouse gases (由于温室气体排放量的增加)．To make matters worse, some species ③are in danger of extinction (面临灭绝的危险) due to climate change as well as human activities.All of these in turn will do/cause damage to us human beings, such as more and more natural disasters and rare diseases. It's (high) time that ④we took/should take various methods to protect the earth from pollution (我们应该采取各种办法保护地球免遭污染)．All in all, keep in mind that rebuilding our green and clean earth ⑤calls for everyone's efforts and contributions (需要每个人的努力和付出)． (二)主题语段的细节描写训练 1．人与动物和谐相处(表达逻辑：细心照顾松鼠→松鼠健康成长→建立亲密关系) Our daughters and I ①took_turns_in_taking_care_of (轮流照顾) the little squirrel.Kaytlin ②took_on_the_most_responsibility (承担了大部分责任)．She taught it to eat from a bottle, and she woke in the night for its feeds.To our relief, it soon ③became_healthy_and_strong (变得健康又强壮)．Within a few weeks it became more active.④It_wasn't_long_before (不久之后) it was weaned (断奶) onto solid food and reintroduced to the wild.Its first few visits to the great outdoors were funny.Just like a child, it would ⑤play_in_the_grass_some_time (在草丛中玩一会儿) and then run back to Kaytlin for safety. 2．救助动物(表达逻辑：救治动物→治疗成功→心情愉悦) Harry ①took_immediate_measures (立即采取措施) to deal with its wound.②Calmly_and_skillfully (冷静而熟练地), Harry conducted an operation on Unicorn, and it seemed more obedient than before.Therefore, it didn't take much time for Harry to stop the bleeding ③as_an_experienced_rescuer (作为一名经验丰富的救援人员)．And after a while, Unicorn was able to stand up and walked away.Waving goodbye to it, ④they_felt_relieved (他们松了口气)．At this moment, ⑤the_whole_forest_woke_up (整个森林醒了过来), the moonlight fading while winds singing to welcome to the dawn. 3．动物救人(表达逻辑：Danny落水→狗狗奋勇相救→成功脱险→充满感激) Just then, a familiar barking was heard in the distance.In a split second, a splash of brown, out of breath, ①quickly_jumped_into_the_lake (快速跳到湖里)．It was One-Eyed! It barked, ②swimming_toward_Danny_with_all_its_might_(用尽全力朝着Danny游去)．On spotting One-Eyed, Danny seemed to see a ray of hope, ③attempting_to_move_towards_it_instantly (立刻试着朝它的方向移动)．Instinctively, Danny grabbed the tail of One-Eyed.Ultimately, ④they_managed_to_climb_ashore (他们成功爬上岸), exhausted.Gazing at One-Eyed with gratitude, Danny ⑤patted_it_tenderly (轻轻地拍了拍它)．One-Eyed was no longer troublesome; instead, it became a “hero” in his heart. 课时作业(一)　主题阅读集群训练　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·惠州模拟)Overlooking the Davis — Gant Varsity Soccer Field, a bed of overturned soil waits for further development.In a few years, this area will become a natural habitat and a playground for animals and residents.This peaceful area didn't appear naturally, but through planning and action taken by Catlin Gabel's Tiny Forest project launched by teacher Patrick Walsh. Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth.“Tiny forests flatten out time through the planting of all four layers (层)，” Walsh explained.The end result is a fast-growing, native forest in about 20 years.Over 600 plants from 43 species will be planted in the tiny forest, the first one in Oregon. Walsh was inspired to build a tiny forest after hearing about this idea, which emerged in Japan and has taken hold in North America.He shared his vision with seniors in his class.The seniors researched tiny forests and made a proposal resulting in Clean Water Services donating 60 trees and D|S5,000 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.Armed with these resources, Walsh and the students started working.“Something I didn't really expect was the outpouring of students' enthusiasm.Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the ‘dirty work’ really blew me away，” Walsh said. Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade.“I'll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it's really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and to do my bit.We're creating this educational space for many young kids，” Cover said. Walsh summed up his goal of the project, which is to build a place where students can enjoy and learn about nature.“The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it will deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation and trees when they look outside at the forest.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在老师Patrick Walsh的带领下，学校的学生合力种下了一片小森林，给未来留下了一份希望。 1．What is special about tiny forests? A．They originated in North America. B．They are usually planted in schools. C．They contain various types of trees. D．They become mature in a shorter time. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，森林通常需要数百年才能形成，但是小森林的生长时间大大缩短了，即它们会在较短的时间内成长起来。 2．What surprised Walsh in the process of planting the tiny forest? A．The abundance of native tree species. B．Public concern about the environment. C．The active participation of students. D．Support from local organizations. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Walsh 没有预料到学生们的热情会如此高。 3．How does Megan Cover feel about the project? A．Proud.　　　　　　 B．Regretful. C．Grateful. D．Disappointed. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段后两句可知，Megan认为这是一件非常有意义和伟大的事情，因此，她为自己能够参与到小森林项目中感到自豪。 4．What does Walsh want the forest to function as for the students? A．A model. B．A reminder. C．A resource. D．A witness. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推断，Walsh希望小森林能够对学生们起到提醒作用。 B The green, natural forest absorbs carbon dioxide from the air through photosynthesis (光合作用)．There is another way of dealing with the climate crisis.That is setting up fields of dark-colored solar panels, also known as “solar forests”， which replace power stations that use fossil fuels such as coal and gas to make electricity, thus mitigating harmful emissions of greenhouse gases. But since they are both relatively dark, they absorb a lot of solar radiation.Some of the energy is used for photosynthesis in natural forests or to produce electricity in “solar forests”， but most returns to the atmosphere, heating it up.Then what would be the more effective land use option in terms of the climate crisis: planting a forest, or building solar panels? This issue has long been debated by decision-makers around the world.Now, we may have an answer, thanks to a new study. First, the researchers compared the impact of a forest on the climate crisis in a dry area to that of a solar farm in a similar environment.The researchers found that the albedo (反射) effect of both of these “forests” was similar, but that the absorption or prevention of carbon emissions was very different.It turns out that it takes 2.5 years for the heat emitted by solar farms to be balanced by the carbon emissions that are avoided, thanks to the energy they produce.In the case of a natural forest of similar size, it would take more than 100 years of photosynthesis to balance its heating effect. The researchers also studied how the heating-cooling relationship changed in other climates and found that in more humid environments, the heating effect of planting large numbers of trees is smaller.And the break-even point is reached within 15 to 18 years. “In dry places, building solar forests seems far more effective in addressing the climate crisis.Meanwhile, forests absorb about a third of annual carbon emissions and play a vital role in the global rain cycle, in maintaining biodiversity and in many other environmental and social contexts.Preventing them from being cut down and planting more trees in humid areas are of great significance，” explains one of the researchers in the study. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建立“太阳能森林”来取代使用煤和天然气等化石燃料发电的发电站，从而减少有害的温室气体排放。 5．What does the underlined word “mitigating” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Releasing. B．Decreasing. C．Generating. D．Stabilizing. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。画线词前文提到采用深色的太阳能电池板就可以取代煤和天然气等化石燃料，那么使用无污染的太阳能就可以减少化石燃料排放的温室气体。故画线词意为“减少”，与B项词义相近。 6．What is the root cause of the long-running debate over the two types of forests? A．They cause much damage to the land. B．They result in a serious loss of farmland. C．They contribute to the warming of the atmosphere. D．They lose energy during the absorption of solar radiation. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，两种森林都会造成温度的升高，因此才会引起对这两种森林的争论。 7．What did the researchers find in the study conducted in the dry environment? A．The natural forest exhibits a stronger albedo effect. B．The solar forest can generate more energy in dry areas. C．The solar forest is superior in balancing the heating effect. D．The natural forest is more effective in solving the climate crisis. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“It turns out ... balance its heating effect.”可知，在干燥地区，太阳能森林只需要2.5年就能与它们产生的能量所避免的碳排放相平衡，而天然森林则需要100多年，说明太阳能森林在平衡热效应方面更胜一筹。 8．What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A．More trees should be planted in dry regions. B．More methods should be adopted to address the climate crisis. C．Fields of solar panels should be set up everywhere on the earth. D．Building solar panels and planting trees should be effectively combined. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在不同环境区域，太阳能森林和天然森林能发挥的功能、作用和优势也不同，因此两种森林有效结合起来就可以发挥出最大的效果。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2025·河南重点中学模拟)We often hear very bad statistics about the destruction of the Amazon. __9__ One Amazonian Indian tribe (部落) every year has disappeared since 1900.Unless something is done to prevent it, the Amazon will be totally destroyed in fifty years' time. __10__ Although it is being destroyed by big farmers and logging (伐木) companies, the biggest cause of its destruction is the cutting down of trees by thousands of small-scale farmers. __11__ They cut down trees of the rainforest to grow crops to make money.The soil of the Amazon is perfect for plants as long as there are trees.It is the trees that recycle the nutrients that make the Amazon suitable for growing food.When the farmers cut down the trees, the soil can only support crops for one or two years.__12__ Logging is the second biggest cause of the destruction of the rainforest.A lot of the trees are taken for firewood, charcoal, or for making furniture.Not only are these trees destroyed, but the trees around them are also destroyed to make way for the roads and tracks needed to take the wood away.Large areas of forest have also been cut down to free land for cattle farming. __13__ And the ranchers (牧场主) move on.More trees will be sure to disappear because of their cattle. Most of the rainforest lies within Brazil.Fortunately, it is beginning to bring more laws to protect its rainforest. A．Again the land cannot support them for long. B．So they have to move on, and cut down more trees. C．The problem involves organizations and governments. D．The trees are often considered important to big farmers. E．Poverty forces people to leave the cities and look for land. F．An area of rainforest, the size of Belgium, is cut down annually. G．The true key factor causing damage to the rainforest is not as you imagine. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马孙雨林遭到破坏的原因。 9．解析：选F　本句承接上下文，应具体说明亚马孙雨林遭到破坏的情况。故F项“每年有相当于比利时面积的热带雨林被砍伐”符合语境。 10．解析：选G　下文主要论述了森林被破坏的原因。故G项“造成雨林被破坏的真正的关键因素并不像你想象的那样”引出下文，符合语境。 11．解析：选E　根据上文可知，造成森林被破坏的最大原因是成千上万的小规模农户砍伐树木；下文则提到砍伐雨林是为了赚钱，说明是贫困导致 　 的，故E项“贫困迫使人们离开城市去寻找土地”符合语境。 12．解析：选B　上文提到土壤只能支持耕种一到两年，说明接下来应提到农民要搬迁至其他地方继续耕种。故B项“因此，他们不得不继续搬迁，砍伐更多的树”符合语境。 13．解析：选A　根据上下文可知，大面积的森林被砍伐，腾出的土地用于养牛，但这片土地又不能长久地供养这些牲畜的生存，因此，牧场主不得不再次搬迁，这导致更多的树木被砍伐。故A项“这片土地又不能长久地支撑他们”承上启下，符合语境。 课时作业(二)　语言技能综合训练 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2025·宿迁模拟)My passion has always been caring for animals.That's why I __1__ at Bidcawee.Bidcawee is a shelter (收容所) for cats and dogs, where all the animals are equally __2__.Whether the cat or the dog stays for a day or years, each one has a special place in my heart. Most of the shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly that they cause me to wonder why no one has taken them __3__ yet.The others need a bit of __4__ and love to warm up, but once they __5__ you, you fall in love with them.One of my favorites is a dog called Lola.She always bark at strangers.However, once she sees you often and gets __6__ around you, she greets you with her tail wagging (摇摆), side to side. A common characteristic with all of the dogs, though, is that they can adapt to changes and __7__ the life at the shelter.And that's what I find so amazing about them.Timmy is a 7-year-old dog that was __8__ after around six years with his owner.Nevertheless, he doesn't just stay there, thinking about the past and __9__ his person to come back.Instead, he focuses on the __10__ and is friendly with everyone.A two-year-old dog called Noob lost one of his legs in a car accident.However, he plays with other four-legged dogs __11__， as if the injury didn't bother him. Bidcawee constantly __12__ their volunteers, but to me, they have done more for me than I could ever give to them.I truly enjoy every moment I __13__ at this animal shelter, which gives me a __14__ to be with all these lovely dogs and cats.It is definitely one of my most rewarding __15__. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在Bidcawee做志愿者的经历。 1．A.learn　　　　　　 B．volunteer C．live D．observe 解析：选B　根据上文“My passion has always been caring for animals.”以及下文“their volunteers”可知，作者在Bidcawee做志愿者。 2．A.loved B．tested C．shown D．introduced 解析：选A　根据上文“Bidcawee is a shelter for cats and dogs”以及下文“each one has a special place in my heart”可知，所有的动物都接受到同样的爱。 3．A.there B．out C．home D．forward 解析：选C　根据上文“Most of the shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly”可知，去动物收容所可以领养动物，带回家。 4．A.assistance B．time C．effort D．support 解析：选B　根据下文“love to warm up”可知，剩下的那些狗需要一点时间和爱来接纳人类。 5．A.approach B．contact C．discover D．recognize 解析：选D　根据下文“you fall in love with them”可知，一旦动物认可人类，人们也会爱上它们。 6．A.curious B．comfortable C．active D．confident 解析：选B　根据下文“she greets you with her tail wagging, side to side”可知，狗在你身边感到舒服，就会向你示好。 7．A.get used to B．get ready for C．are familiar with D．are tired of 解析：选A　根据上文“adapt to changes”可知，所有的狗都有一个共同的特点，那就是它们能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。 8．A.injured B．raised C．abandoned D．adopted 解析：选C　根据下文语境可知，狗被抛弃了。 9．A.directing B．reminding C．requiring D．expecting 解析：选D　根据上文语境可知，狗没有只待在那里，沉浸于过去，期待着主人回来。 ` 10．A.present B．future C．changes D．memories 解析：选A　根据下文“is friendly with everyone”可知，狗对每个人都很友好，它没有沉浸于过去而是专注于当下。 11．A.quietly B．separately C．differently D．normally 解析：选D　根据下文“as if the injury didn't bother him”可知，它和其他肢体健全的狗正常玩耍。 12．A.helps B．meets C．invites D．thanks 解析：选D　志愿者们用心照顾着这里的动物，所以Bidcawee对志愿者是感激的。 13．A.spare B．choose C．spend D．remember 解析：选C　根据上文“I truly enjoy every moment”可知，作者很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻。 14．A.dream B．chance C．job D．duty 解析：选B　根据上文语境可知，作者很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让作者有机会和那些可爱的狗和猫在一起。 15．A.experiences B．achievements C．strategies D．improvements 解析：选A　在Bidcawee做志愿者对作者来说是一种有价值的经历。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·河南重点中学模拟) A Guizhou golden monkey “Xiao Fan” gave birth to a baby on March 21, 2024 in southwest China's Mount Fanjingshan region, the Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve Administration announced Friday.The Guizhou golden monkey is also called the rare Guizhou snub-nosed monkey __1__ (know) as the “Earth's only child”． The baby monkey is in sound health.Amazingly, over the past eight years, “Xiao Fan” __2__ (give) birth to four healthy babies successfully, according to the reserve administration.And this has made a great contribution to __3___ (they) research work. The rare Guizhou snub-nosed monkey, __4__ exclusively lives in the area of Mount Fanjingshan, a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, is under top-level __5__ (protect) in China and is listed as a “__6__ (critical) endangered” species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Yang Wei, head of the Guizhou snub-nosed monkey research center of the nature reserve, said that the breeding (繁殖) period of the monkeys was shortened from three years to two years at the center, thus __7__ (help) carry out scientific research on the monkeys greatly. Among the three species of golden snub-nosed monkeys endemic (特有的) to China, the Guizhou snub-nosed monkey is the one with the __8__ (small) population, the narrowest habitat and the least ecological information. There has been __9__ estimated population of 700 to 800 rare Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys. __10__ present, there are nine captive Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys at the research center. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。2024年3月21日，贵州梵净山国家级自然保护管理中心的黔金丝猴“小梵”产下一只幼崽。“小梵”在八年中已连续顺利产下了四只健康幼崽，让黔金丝猴的科学研究工作上了一个新台阶。 1．known　考查非谓语动词。be known as表示“被誉为”，此处用过去分词作定语。 2．has given　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“over the past eight years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语为Xiao Fan，助动词应用has。 3．their　考查代词。空处修饰名词词组research work，应用形容词性物主代词their。 4．who/which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词monkey，且在从句中作主语，故填who/which。 5．protection　考查名词。under protection表示“受到保护”，为固定搭配。 6．critically　考查副词。空处修饰形容词endangered，应用副词critically。 7．helping　考查非谓语动词。根据句意及此处的“thus”可知，空处需用动词的-ing形式作结果状语。 8．smallest　考查形容词最高级。根据句意以及下文“the narrowest habitat and the least ecological information”可知，此处需用形容词的最高级形式。 9．an　考查冠词。a population of为固定搭配，意为“人口数量为……”，且estimated以元音音素开头，故填an。 10．At　考查介词。at present为固定搭配，意为“目前，现在”，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填At。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2025·石家庄摸底考试)假定你是李华，外教Bruce要求你班同学做一个主题为“Wildlife Protection”的小组项目。作为组长，请你给Bruce写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．项目设想；　2.寻求指导。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Bruce， Yours， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear Bruce， Hope this letter finds you well.As the leader of our group project on Wildlife Protection, I'd like to share our ideas with you and seek your guidance. We plan to create an informative brochure highlighting the importance of wildlife conservation and ways in which we can contribute to it.We also intend to organize a school-wide campaign to raise the awareness about the issue. Could you please provide us with some suggestions and feedback on our project ideas? We greatly appreciate your support and expertise. Yours， Li Hua 　　　　　　　 课时作业(三)　读后续写讲评训练 　精品课件·名师析题 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 [1] Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. ❶ Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.❷ [2] The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn't surprised when she surfaced empty-handed. [3] During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter box (滤盒) was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya's path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb in her mouth waiting for her treat.❸ [4] “Maya! Where did you get that？” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish.“I know where she got it，” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place.“What's all this？” Katherine asked, obviously confused. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 “This is Maya's secret，” Hilda said with a big smile. 　 Now Katherine realized what had been going on. 　 　 [写作构思指导] 一、读文路径(把握结构主旨) 二、思考路径 1．理清故事双线 2．关注伏笔照应 伏笔1(句①)：暗示Katherine可能会给Hilda 道歉。 伏笔2(句②)：暗示Hilda最终发现了Maya的秘密。 伏笔3(句③)：揭示Maya的秘密并暗示了Maya的聪明。 3．构思续写内容(运用“5所”构思) 第一段： ①What was the secret？(根据原文伏笔2提出问题：所说——接续首句) ②What did Hilda think of？(所想——推进情节) ③What was Maya doing then？(所见——衔接下文) 第二段： ④How did Katherine feel？(根据原文伏笔3提出问题：所想——接续首句) ⑤What did Katherine do and say？(根据原文伏笔1提出问题：所做、所说——推进情节) ⑥What did Hilda do then？(所做——推进情节) ⑦How did Hilda and Katherine deal with Maya？(所做——推进情节) ⑧How did visitors respond？(所做——故事结尾) [逻辑润色成文] 一、写好两个关键语段 1．请设计Katherine为自己的行为向Hilda道歉的场景。 Feeling_embarrassed_for_having_blamed_Hilda,_Katherine_apologized_genuinely，“I'm_so_sorry,_Hilda._I_should_have_known_better_Maya_is_such_a_smart_and_naughty_dolphin.”_Hilda_hugged_Katherine_tightly_and_forgave_her_previous_rudeness. 2．请设计一个合理的结尾。 (自然式结尾)Word_soon_spread_about_Maya's_unique_talent_at_the_sea_life_park._ Visitors_flocked_to_witness_her_collecting_abilities_first-hand,_and_Maya_became_a_star_attraction. (感悟式结尾)The_day_ended_not_with_blame,_but_with_laughter_and_a_sense_of_ teamwork,_as_they_all_enjoyed_Maya's_intelligence_and_naughtiness. 二、衔接好，做到逻辑顺畅成文 “This is Maya's secret，” Hilda said with a big smile. “She's been secretly collecting items behind the tank's filter box！” Hilda explained, holding up the wet items she got back from behind the box. (对话描写，对应伏笔2) The moment she spotted these “valuable” items, it hit her that this little angel was trying to feast herself by handing in the items she hid. (心理描写) In addition, Maya was fetching random items she had been actively collecting so that she could exchange them with such treats as fish. (动作描写) Now Katherine realized what had been going on.Katherine's initial confusion turned into amazement as she recognized the intelligence of Maya. (对应伏笔3) Feeling embarrassed for having blamed Hilda, Katherine apologized genuinely, “I'm so sorry, Hilda. I should have known better Maya is such a smart and naughty dolphin.”(对话描写，对应伏笔1) Hilda hugged Katherine tightly and forgave her previous rudeness. Inspired by Maya's intelligence, Hilda and Katherine decided to change the training plans to include Maya's secret collecting habit. Word soon spread about Maya's unique talent at the sea life park. Visitors flocked to witness her collecting abilities first-hand, and Maya became a star attraction. |背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．county n．　　　　　　 郡，县 2．stair n. 楼梯；梯级 3．procedure n. 程序，步骤，手续 4．tsunami n. 海啸 5．odd adj. 奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 6．destructive adj. 引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的 7．conference n. 会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 8．charity n. 慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 9．staff n. 全体职工；管理人员 vt. 在……工作，任职于 10．slide n. 幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt. 滑行；逐渐陷入 11．fund n. 资金；基金 12．document n. 文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档 13．bar n. 酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt. 封；阻挡；阻止 14．dawn n. 黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi. 开始；开始清楚 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．disaster n．　　　　　 灾难，灾害；彻底失败 2．crash n. 碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt. 碰撞，撞击；崩溃 3．signal vi.& vt. 发信号，示意；标志 n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 4．exit vt.& vi. 出去，离去，退场；退出 n. 出口，通道；离开 5．roll n. 名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt. 翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 6．hug vt. 拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 7．occur vi. 发生，出现；存在于 8．shock n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊 9．supply n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供 10．flood n. 洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 11．downstairs adv. 在楼下，往楼下 n. 楼下 12．otherwise adv. 否则，不然；除此以外 13．curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的 14．unearth vt. 使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 15．destination n. 目的地，终点 16．beyond adv. 在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep. 在(或向)更远处；超出； 晚于；无法；超出……之外 17．rescue n．& vt. 救援，营救，抢救 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．injure vt. 　 　 伤害，使受伤；损害 injured adj. 受伤的；受损害的 injury n. 伤害；损害；受伤处 2．react vi. 反应；作出反应 reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 3．order n. 顺序；规则 orderly adj. 有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 4．confirm vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准 confirmation n. 确认；证实 5．relief n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 relieve vt. 减轻；缓解 6．inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知 information n. 信息 7．scare vt.& vi. 惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓 scared adj. 恐惧的；害怕的 scary adj. 恐怖的；可怕的 8．power n． 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力； 能力；能量；力量 powerful adj. 强大的；有感染力的 powerless adj. 无力的；没有能力的 9．donate vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血) donation n. 捐赠；捐献 donor n. 捐赠者 10．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生 eruption n. (火山的)爆发；喷发 11．export n． 出口产品，输出的产品； 出口，输出 vt.出口，输出 import n． 进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进 12．ash n. 灰 ashy adj. 覆盖着灰的；灰色的 13．bear v. 忍受 bearable adj. 可忍受的；能应付的 unbearable adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的 14．distant adj. 遥远的；冷淡的；疏远的 distance n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 15．sharp adj. 灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的； 尖锐的；强烈的 sharpen vt. 削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利 sharpener n. 磨削的工具 16．locate vt. 找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于) located adj. 位于；坐落在 location n. 位置 17．retire vi.& vt. 退休，退职 retirement n. 退休 retired adj. 已退休的 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．程度不一的“伤害”　 ①injure v．　　伤害　　 ②wound v．　　伤害 ③hurt v. 受伤 ④damage v. 损害 ⑤harm v. 伤害 ⑥impair v. 损害 ⑦destroy v. 破坏；损坏 2．不同类型的“发生”　 ①occur (偶然)发生 ②happen (偶然)发生 ③take place 发生 ④break out (战争等)爆发 ⑤come about 发生；产生 |背|短|语| 1．at large　　　　　　　 整个，全部 2．hold on to 抓紧，不放开；保存某物 3．at the same time 同时 4．in case 如果；假使；以防，以防万一 5．roll call 点名 6．safe and sound 安然无恙的 7．a series of 一系列 8．occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中 9．keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷静 10．warn sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人注意某事 11．to one's relief 使某人宽慰的是 12．go on 发生；继续 13．in the face of 面对；尽管，不顾 14．run out of 用完，耗尽 15．along with 与……一起 16．in all directions 向四面八方 17．take the form of 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 18．break out 突然开始，爆发 19．in the distance 在远处 20．far and wide 到处，各处 |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句) 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。 2．The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano.(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 人们抬头仰望，眼前景象让他们感到莫名恐惧，只见一团庞大的云正从火山口喷薄而出。 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：自然灾害 1．A great landslide hit a small village yesterday, washing away all the houses. 昨天，一场重大泥石流袭击了一座小村庄，冲垮了所有房屋。 2. Lots of houses there lay in ruins after the earthquake. 那里的许多房屋在地震后成为废墟。 3．In the earthquake, all the bridges fell down and fires broke out here and there. 在地震中，所有的桥梁坍塌，到处燃起了大火。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：形体描写之“身” He was moving faster and faster and finally he started to run. Strange energy filling his body made him feel like he could fly. When he finally stopped, he was breathing heavily, but he didn't feel tired. He smiled happily — it was a wonderful feeling. And nothing could stop it. 他的脚步越来越快，最后开始跑起来。一股说不出的能量灌注全身，让他觉得自己能飞起来。当他最终停下来时，他深深地吸了一口气，但他并不感到累，他开心地笑了笑——这感觉真神奇，什么也阻挡不了它。 高分悟道 本段中使用了“moving, run, filling his body, fly”等与身体有关的动作描写，刻画了汤米在帮助他人之后的轻松愉快的心情。 高分有招 常见的与“身体”相关的高分词块有： rush off　　　　　　　　急着走 get moving 马上行动 on the run 忙碌 body and soul 全心全意 build up one's body 强身健体 lie flat on the floor 平躺在地上 一、默写核心单词 1．in the disaster area　　　　 在受灾地区 2．loud crashes of glass breaking 玻璃破碎发出的巨响 3．signal to Mike 向迈克示意 4．exit_from the page 退出本页面 5．a roll of mints 一管薄荷糖 6．hug each other 互相拥抱 7．occur to her 她忽然想到 8．look at me in shock 震惊地看着我 9．in short supply 供应不足 10．flood damage 洪涝灾害 11．slip downstairs and out of the house 偷偷下楼溜出房子 12．Otherwise it's all talk. 否则全是空谈。 13．be very curious about the result　 对结果很好奇 14．unearth buried treasures 挖掘埋藏的珍宝 15．arrive at the destination 到达目的地 16．beyond their expectations 超出他们的预期 17．rescue three young climbers 营救三名年轻的登山者 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 三、默写重点短语 1．at_large　　　　　　　 整个，全部 2．hold_on_to 抓紧，不放开；保存某物 3．at_the_same_time 同时 4．in_case 如果；假使；以防，以防万一 5．roll_call 点名 6．safe_and_sound 安然无恙的 7．a_series_of 一系列 8．occur_to 被想到，浮现在脑中 9．keep_one's_head (在困境中)保持冷静 10．warn_sb._of/about_sth. 提醒某人注意某事 11．to_one's_relief 使某人宽慰的是 12．go_on 发生；继续 13．in_the_face_of 面对；尽管，不顾 14．run_out_of 用完，耗尽 15．along_with 与……一起 16．in_all_directions 向四面八方 17．take_the_form_of 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 18．break_out 突然开始，爆发 19．in_the_distance 在远处 20．far_and_wide 到处，各处 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点 1．After being cleaned, oiled and regulated, my watch slowed down to an unbearable (bearable) degree. 2．I admired my father, and his work filled me with awe and curiosity (curious)． 3．To relieve (relief) ourselves of the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 4．Rules alone don't secure an orderly (order) society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter. 5．The kitchen knife had become dull, so my mum asked me to sharpen (sharp) it. 6．She is very pleased with the result of her blood test, for all tested items show negative reactions (react)． 易错微点 1．curious的常见搭配有be curious about“对……感到好奇”，be curious to do sth.“渴望做某事”。 2．relieve常用于relieve one's pain/pressure，意为“减轻某人的痛苦/压力”，或relieve sb.of sth.，表示“减轻某人的……(负担等)”。 3．react的常见搭配有react to ...“对……作出反应”，react with“与……发生反应”。 二、重点词汇—— 1．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 ①Suddenly a good idea occurred to her, but she didn't know how to speak it out. ②It never occurred to him to_ask (ask) anyone to help him with English. ③(话题写作之亲子关系)It_occurred_to_me_that I can make a gift by myself for my mother. 我突然想到我可以亲手给妈妈做一件礼物。 sth.occur(s) to sb. 某人想起某事 It occurs to sb.that ... 某人(突然)想起…… It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人(突然)想起做某事 名师指津：occur是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。 2．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 ①I would be very grateful if you could inform me of your decisions at your earliest convenience. ②Online learning via the Internet always keeps us informed (inform) of the development of the latest technology in the world. ③They often get some useful information (inform) from the Internet. ④(词汇升级)We already know who's got the job but we haven't been told officially.informed (1)inform sb.of sth. 告知某人某事 inform sb.that ... 通知某人…… inform sb.＋疑问词＋to do 告知某人…… keep sb.informed (of sth.) 使某人随时了解(某事) (2)information n．　 信息，消息，情报 3．shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊 ①They were so shocked (shock) that they hadn't even thought to call for an ambulance yet. ②Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the shocking (shock) ending. ③(神情描写)He_stood_there_in_shock,_unsure what to do next. 他吃惊地站在那里，不知道接下来怎么办。 (1)in shock　 　　 震惊地，吃惊地 (2)shocked adj. 震惊的 be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊 (3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的 4．supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供 ①(感谢信)Looking back on the process of studying with you, I will never forget the help you_supplied/offered_to_me. 回顾和你一起学习的过程，我永远不会忘记你给我提供的帮助。 ②(活动介绍)此外，夏令营还为会员提供参观博物馆的机会，这是了解我们历史的好途径。(一句多译) →In addition, the summer camp supplies_a_chance_to_members to visit museums, which is a good way to learn about our history. →In addition, the summer camp supplies_members_with_a_chance to visit museums, which is a good way to learn about our history. (1)be in short supply 短缺，供应不足 a supply of (＋可数名词复数或不可数名词) 一批，很多 (2)supply sth.to sb.＝supply sb.with sth. 向某人提供某物 联想发散：表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有： ①provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb. ②offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb. 5．distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 ①I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant (distance) campground. ②(细节描写)The_sound_of_water_in_the_distance caught our attention and drove us to the riverbank. 远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们引到了河边。 ③(话题写作之人物描写)It was difficult to get along well with her because she always kept_everyone_at_a_distance. 很难与她融洽相处，因为她总是与每个人保持一定距离。 (1)in the distance　 在远方，在远处 at/from a distance 稍远处；离一段距离 at/from a distance of 在……远的地方 keep one's distance from ...＝keep ...at a distance 与……保持距离/疏远 (2)distant adj. 遥远的；(指人)远亲的；冷淡的 be distant from 远离…… 6.rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救 ①(话题写作之人物描写)Whenever we were in danger, they would come_to_our_rescue. 每当我们有危险时，他们都会赶来救援。 ②(场景描写)The wind and waves were very strong, which increased the difficulty in rescuing_the_drowning_boy.But the_rescue_workers didn't give up any hope of rescuing_him_from_danger.　风浪很大，这增加了营救这个溺水男孩的困难，但是救援人员没有放弃任何把他从危险中解救出来的希望。 (1)rescue sb./sth.from ... 从……中拯救某人/某物 (2)come/go to one's rescue 来/去营救某人 rescue team/workers 救援队/人员 三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏 run out of 用完，耗尽 ①(话题写作之环境保护)Facing the problem that quite precious natural resources may_be_run_out_of/used_up,_on no account can we waste them.　 面对相当宝贵的自然资源可能枯竭的问题，我们决不能再浪费它们。 ②(场景描写)Tom was running_after Jerry when he ran_across/into Spike.He ran so fast that he couldn't stop and as a result, he ran_into Spike.He had to run_away_from angry Spike.He ran and ran.He didn't shake off Spike until he ran_out_of his strength. 汤姆在追杰瑞时碰到了斯派克。他跑得如此快，以至于停不下来，结果撞到了斯派克身上。他不得不逃离愤怒的斯派克。他跑啊跑，直到力气耗尽，才甩开了斯派克。 run across　　　 偶然遇见 run out 用完，耗尽 run after 追赶，追逐 run into 撞上；偶然遇见 run away from ... 远离……；避开…… 易混辨析：①run out of意为“用完，耗尽”，为及物动词短语，后面要接宾语，用于主动语态时，主语只能是人；其同义短语为use up。 ②run out意为“用完；用光”，为不及物动词短语，主语常常是“物”。 四、一词多义—— 1.①The present regime has been in power for two years. __C__ ②Power is fed into the electricity line through an underground cable. __A__ ③I am sorry it's beyond my power to make a final decision on the project. __E__ ④The president has the power to approve the proposals. __B__ 1.power A．n.电，电力 B．n.权力 C．n.政权 D．n.控制力 E．n.能力 F．n.能量 G．n.力量 2.①Prices change according to supply and demand. __B__ ②The explosive mixture in a rocket consists of both a fuel and a supply of oxygen. __C__ ③We are here to supply the public with a free medical service. __D__ ④They should also have a stock of essential supplies for a disaster. __A__ 2.supply A．n.补给，补给品 B．n.供应 C．n.供应量，储备 D．vt.供应，供给，提供 3.①It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.It was only a very small fault.__D__ ②After the storm, there was a sharp drop in temperature.__B__ ③It's dangerous for a child to hold a sharp knife.__A__ ④He was very sharp with me when I was late.__C__ 3.sharp A．adj.锋利的 B．adj.急剧的，骤然的 C．adj.严厉的 D．adj.灵敏的 数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2024·浙江1月高考·阅读理解C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about D|S2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo, North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr.Krauss says.“In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大的防雹干预计划之争。选文提醒我们既要认识自然灾害，有灾害防范意识，又要辩证思考面对灾害的最佳解决方式，提高应对灾害的能力。 1．What does the project aim to do? A．Conserve moisture in the soil. B．Prevent the formation of hailstones. C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D．Investigate chemical use in farming. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a result ...dangerous hailstones.”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰雹的形成。 2．Who are opposed to the project? A．Farmers in east-central Alberta. B．Managers of insurance companies. C．Provincial government officials. D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“But farmers in east-central Alberta ...worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。 3．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D．To show the link between storms and moisture. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带来的危险。 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D．Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Due to the lack of scientific proof ...a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.”可推知，人工降雨公司将继续存在。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇说明文，采用了“问题—解决”型的语篇模式。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.v.播撒 ②(熟词生义)But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.adj.干旱的 ③(熟词生义)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.v.发表演讲 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①ice crystals　　　　　　　 冰晶 ②the provincial government 省政府 ③opposite effect 相反的效果_ ④lack of scientific proof 缺乏科学证据 ⑤win a lawsuit against 赢得对……的诉讼 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. 抓标志：从属连词before 判类型：主句＋目的状语＋时间状语从句 试翻译：飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶还没来得及变成危险的冰雹就像雨一样落下。 2．But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 抓标志：从属连词that 判类型：主句＋宾语从句 试翻译：但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，“防雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干旱的土地上偷走。 由教材典句，学高级表达 句式　the moment引导时间状语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)“一……就……”的表达形式： ①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句 ②the moment/minute/instant＋从句 ③upon/on＋n./doing ... ④no sooner ... than .../hardly ...when ... ⑤as soon as＋从句 (2)在no sooner ... than .../hardly ... when ...句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装。 |习|练|规|则|　(一句多译/句式升级) ①一回到家，我就把花在花瓶里插好。 →I arranged the flowers in the vase the_moment_I_arrived_home.(the moment) →I arranged the flowers in the vase on_arriving_home.(on doing) ②We had hardly left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room. →Hardly_had_we_left_the_dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(升级为倒装句) |应|用|写|美| ③(动作描写)我头一沾枕头就睡着了。(as soon as) I fell asleep as_soon_as_my_head_hit_the_pillow. ④(动作描写)一听到有人喊“救命”，他就冲出了房子。(upon doing) Upon_hearing_shouts of “help”， he dashed out of the house. ⑤(心理描写)我太震惊了以至于一听到这个消息我就僵在了原地。(the moment) So shocked was I that I was frozen to the spot the_moment_I_heard_the_news. 建构语义场，丰富语料库 子语境(一)　灾难爆发 1．the endless rain　　　　　 无尽的雨 2．push against the other 你推我搡 3．be caught/trapped in 陷入(困境) 4．hurry blindly and fearfully on 惊慌失措地盲目奔逃 5．The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof. 风在怒吼，雨敲打着房顶。 6．At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs. 那一刻，他们感到脚下的大地正在颤抖；他们听到远处有屋顶坍塌的巨响。 子语境(二)　应对措施 1．practise earthquake safety procedures 地震安全规程演练 2．keep calm to solve the problem 保持镇静以解决问题 3．Sabrina was frightened, but she soon kept her head. 萨布丽娜吓坏了，不过她很快冷静下来。 4．Her students' reaction was quick and correct — they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks. 她的学生们反应迅速正确——他们头朝里，钻到桌子下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。 子语境(三)　灾害的影响 1．do damage to ...　　　　　 对……造成损害 2．cause economic loss 造成经济损失 3．lose one's life 丧命 4．cut off electricity 断电 5．be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 6．Local farmers were desperate because the strong winds had done great damage to their wheat crops. 当地农民非常绝望，因为强风对他们的小麦造成了巨大损害。 7．The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。 子语境(四)　灾难逃生 1．make their escape　　　　　 逃生 2．warn sb.of the danger 提醒某人有危险 3．get away from 逃离 4．run to safety 跑到安全地带 5．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. 就在巨浪拍岸的前一刻，海滩上的人迅速疏散一空。 6．She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. 她示意学生们用双手护着头，排好队，有序离开教室。 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现) Natural disasters happen almost every day.In order to protect ourselves from these disasters, some measures should be taken. First of all, we need to set a sound pre-warning mechanism, ①which enables us at large to confirm the potential risks at an early stage (这使我们能够在早期阶段最大限度地确认潜在风险)．Secondly, an excellent Disaster Assistance Reaction Team should be equipped ②to rescue the victims (救援灾民) and they will take action quickly ③the_moment_a_disaster_occurs (灾难一发生)．Most importantly, everyone should learn some ways to save themselves and ④remember to keep their head in the face of natural disasters (记得在面对自然灾害时保持冷静)． Only by the above-mentioned practical measures can we respond quickly to natural disasters. (二)主题语段的细节描写训练 1．灾难场景(表达逻辑：地震场景描写→烘托危险气氛→衬托内心恐惧) ①The_earth_began_to_shake (大地开始颤动)．All across the city, streets ripped open.Buildings swayed.②Walls_collapsed (墙壁倒塌) and houses came crashing down.Windows shattered and ③broken_glass_fell_all_around_him (破碎的玻璃落在他的四周)．He tried to scream, but his throat was coated with dust.He wanted to run, but he couldn't even stand.④The_shaking_was_too_hard (震动太剧烈了)．And then there was a sound like an explosion.The ceiling above his head burst open. 2．遭遇灾难(表达逻辑：雪崩发生→积极自救) ①It_immediately_occurred_to_Paul (Paul立刻意识到) what was happening.“Avalanche (雪崩)！” he yelled to Scott, who was not far behind.Instantly, ②both_were_hit_by_a_mass_of_snow (两个人都被一大团雪击中) that would hit and carry them some 500 feet down the mountain.They remembered ③the_avalanche_survival_lessons_they_had_attended (他们上过的雪崩生存课)．Keep your head up.Try to swim.Stay on top of the snow.But the snow was too powerful and ④they_felt_themselves_rolling_like a_load_of_clothes_in_a_washing_machine (他们感觉自己就像洗衣机中滚动着的一团衣服)． 3．灾后感悟(表达逻辑：直面灾后惨状→救助受伤的灾民→对这一经历的感慨) We waited a long time before going downstairs.Hardly had the rushing water dropped when we saw the unrecognizable hotel gate.①There_was_dirt_and_broken_furniture_everywhere (到处都是淤泥和破碎的家具)．Some people ②who_were_caught_in_the_water (被困在水中的人) were either unconscious or burst into tears with pain.What we saw weakened our heart and ③we_decided_to_help_the_victims_after_a_narrow_escape (我们在死里逃生后决定帮助受害者)．Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before.The special trip to Penang ④was_deeply_impressed_in_my_mind (在我心中留下了深刻的印象)． 课时作业(一)　主题阅读集群训练　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·保定模拟)Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s, she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘)．It's what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay's annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀)． Along with other volunteers, Florio had spent hours with her daughter, Kyra Florio-Marinello, 15, and her daughter's friend Tatum Brennan, 15, planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind.But four days later, a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away.“The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，” said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.“The dune grass cost the town D|S32,000.” The event, centered on volunteerism, drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment.While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.Maria Rizzi, 70, of Massapequa, participated in the planting session with her grandson, Andrew Lepsis, 10.She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.“I'd be willing to do it again，” she said.“I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.” While the storm swept the new plants away, Florio said Tobay Beach's appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand.“Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches，” Florio said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。 1．What is the aim of the dune grass planting event? A．To protect the ocean from being polluted. B．To keep the shoreline in good shape. C．To reduce extreme weather conditions. D．To prevent people playing on the beach. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，沙丘植草活动旨在帮助稳定海滩沙丘，防止其被海岸线侵蚀，以此保持海岸线良好的形状。 2．Which of the following can best describe the dune grass planting event? A．Popular but costly. B．Traditional but complex. C．Creative and economical. D．Successful and rewarding. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“The latest dune ...town D|S32,000.”对参加该活动的人数和其花费的描述可知，沙丘植草活动受到了大家的欢迎和支持，但有点费钱。 3．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting? A．Incapable.　　　　　 B．Disappointed. C．Hopeless. D．Motivated. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said she would go back for another event ...coming.”可知，Maria Rizzi对沙丘植草活动充满希望，积极性很高。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Great Grass Planting B．The Best of the Storm C．Spirit Never Washed Away D．Volunteers Making History Together 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“While the outcome ...motivation.”和第四段内容可知，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。故C项“从未被冲走的精神”适合作文章标题。 B (2025·江西重点中学联考) Inside a large room at the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), tens of thousands of seeds are stored at a constant temperature of －20 ℃.Some of them may hold keys to helping us face the future. “Our center holds as many as 120,000 varieties of seeds.Many of them come from crops as old as agriculture itself.Other seeds were selected by researchers who've hiked in the past four decades through forests and mountains in the Middle East, Asia and North Africa, searching for wild relatives of wheat, rice, legumes (豆科植物) and other crops that are important to the human diet，” says Mariana Yazbek, who manages the research center. The research center, formed in the 1970s, once mostly helped farmers in poorer countries in hot and dry climates.But now it also sends seeds to scientists in Europe, Canada and the United States, to improve certain crops' resistance to the effects of climate change. “What we are collecting is a sample of the diversity that we have in nature，” adds Yazbek.“We save seeds in case extreme droughts, floods or other catastrophic events should wipe out plant species.These wild relatives of crops have witnessed so many different climates.The qualities that help them adapt and survive in these conditions are stored in their DNA.We have this diversity and it can be a tool to help us face the future.” Yazbek says scientists are particularly interested in crops like the legume because it absorbs a lot of greenhouse gas CO2 from the atmosphere.It also releases N into the soil, meaning the farmers have to use less chemical fertilizer.And the legume takes very little water to grow because it produces sugar alcohols that act as humectants, a substance that attracts and absorbs water and saves the plant from freezing or drying out. In another case, a wild wheat seed collected in Iran has allowed scientists in the US to develop new wheat varieties resistant to the Hessian fly, a harmful insect that causes tens of millions of dollars in damage to American crops every year. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际干旱地区农业研究中心(ICARDA)成立的时间、主要业务、工作区域等，并介绍了它对世界农业发展所起的重要作用。5.What can be learned about ICARDA? A．It has a complete collection of seeds. B．It just helps the undeveloped countries. C．It used to develop seeds for rich countries. D．It focuses on saving ancient and wild seeds. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中Mariana Yazbek 说的话可知，ICARDA致力于收集古老和野生的种子。 6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 4? A．Important. B．Wasteful. C．Terrible. D．Unforgettable. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句可知，画线词与“极端干旱”和“洪水”并列，由此可推出其词义应与C项接近，表示“灾难性的，极糟的”。 7．What can be inferred about the legume? A．It will grow much better in wet areas. B．It is friendly to the environment and soil. C．It will become the main crop for humans. D．It has difficulty in adapting to cold climate. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Yazbek说的话可知，豆科植物能吸收大量的温室气体二氧化碳，还将氮释放到土壤中，对环境和土壤都很友好。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Seeds Stored at ICARDA May Help Us Improve Our Crops B．A New Invaluable Seed Bank Is Constructed at ICARDA C．Scientists Have Made Breakthroughs in Ancient Seed Study D．New Seeds Are Successfully Developed for North America 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文特别是第一段和第三段可知，储存在ICARDA的种子可以改善农作物的基因，提高作物对气候变化影响的抵抗力，故A项“储存在ICARDA的种子可以帮助改善我们的作物”适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2025·河北高三大联考)We are all victims of climate change.Fighting with climate change can feel stressed, but there are a lot of things you can do to protect yourself and your loved ones.Experts recommend the following steps. ·__9__ Talk to your doctor about what types of alerts or weather events you should be looking out for when it comes to heat, stress interactions with medications, or exposures to heat, cold and virus. ·Prepare an emergency supply kit.This is especially important if you live in an area where flooding, hurricanes, or wildfires break out easily.Your family need to be safe.__10__ ·Eat less meat, and take more vitamins.Research found that the diets low in meat and high in fruits and vegetables were linked with less greenhouse gas emissions.__11__ Therefore, you should reduce people's vulnerability in high temperatures. ·Reduce the amount of single-use plastics in your life.The Natural Resources Defense Council says that small individual choices can add up.__12__ For example, you can carry grocery bags and a reusable water bottle and cook more at home. ·Pay attention to heat warnings, and find ways to stay cool.__13__ If you have air-conditioning, make sure it is working, or find out a place with air-conditioning, like a shopping mall, public library, or cooling shelter or community.Make sure you check on your friends during a heat wave, and ask that they check on you. A．Increase your health knowledge. B．It has tips on using easy alternatives. C．Don't be exposed to all kinds of climates. D．They could also lower risks of some diseases. E．And don't forget emergency supplies for pets! F．Housing quality plays a huge role in your staying cool. G．Even a few hours a day of air-conditioning can avoid heat illness. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在气候变化的情况下保护自己和家人的一些措施。 9．解析：选A　下文建议人们和医生谈论一些需要注意的事项。故A项“增加你的健康知识”能概括本段内容，符合语境。 10．解析：选E　上文提到了家人需要安全，空处为段尾句，应指出，除了人之外，宠物的应急设备也要准备。故E项“别忘了宠物的应急用品”承接上文，符合语境。 11．解析：选D　本段提到要少吃肉、多吃水果和蔬菜，接着介绍了这样做的好处——减少温室气体排放。故D项“它们还可以降低患某些疾病的风险”承接上文，继续说明少吃肉的好处。 12．解析：选B　上文提到减少生活中一次性塑料的使用量，结合后文的例子可知，可以选择塑料的替代品。故B项“它有使用简单替代品的提示”承上启下，符合语境。 13．解析：选G　上文提到要注意高温警告，想办法保持凉爽，G项“即使每天开几个小时的空调也能避免中暑”承接上文，说明具体保持凉爽的方法。　　　　　　　　　 课时作业(二)　语言技能综合训练　　　　　　 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2025·广州模拟)I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a __1__ as the snowstorm was approaching. Then the snow started and was coming down __2__.Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were __3__ and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window, thinking I could better __4__ the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really, I had no __5__ where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay __6__.I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night. The call left me in __7__.Breathe, I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I __8__ my location online and explained what I was __9__， wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post.I got a __10__ from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more __11__. Then I saw a big __12__ in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me, __13__ the wind and snow each step of the way.“You'll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the __14__.I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house, I burst into tears of __15__. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一场突如其来的暴风雪中迷路被困，随后通过社交媒体发出求救信号，最终得到一位陌生人在恶劣天气中的援助，并被引领至安全之地。 1．A.shortcut　　　　　 B．turn C．look D．risk 解析：选D　根据下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”可知，作者冒了很大风险。 2．A.soon B．fast C．lightly D．suddenly 解析：选B　根据下文“Within minutes I was in a whiteout.”可知，雪下得很快。 3．A.locked B．closed C．frozen D．broken 解析：选C　根据下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此处指暴风雪中车窗的状态；分析选项可知，C项“结冰”符合语境。 4．A.follow B．cover C．mark D．remember 解析：选A　根据下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此处指沿着路边。 5．A.plan B．clue C．doubt D．problem 解析：选B　根据下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911.”可知，作者因暴风雪迷路，不知道自己在哪里。 6．A.awake B．calm C．warm D．still 解析：选C　根据上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下来但为了取暖，仍然保持汽车发动机运转。 7．A.confusion B．trouble C．embarrassment D．panic 解析：选D　根据上文“The operator told me to wait things out for the night.”可知，作者报警求救，却被告知要等一晚上，故作者感到惊慌失措。 8．A.confirmed B．found C．posted D．checked 解析：选C　根据下文“Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post.”可知，作者在网上发了帖子。 9．A.looking at B．going through C．searching for D．carrying out 解析：选B　根据下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者讲述的是自己经历的事情。 10．A.tip B．comment C．like D．message 解析：选D　根据下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一条消息。 11．A.inspired B．relieved C．convinced D．amazed 解析：选B　根据上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人打算帮助作者，使作者感到如释重负。 12．A.policeman B．creature C．shadow D．figure 解析：选D　根据下文“He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此处指的是人影。 13．A.fighting B．avoiding C．checking D．reporting 解析：选A　根据上文语境可知，帮助作者的人顶着风雪前来，A项“fighting”符合语境。 14．A.goal B．danger C．depth D．direction 解析：选D　根据下文“I drove slowly behind him.”可知，前来帮忙的人知道方向，所以作者跟着他开车。 15．A.hope B．love C．gratitude D．pride 解析：选C　根据上文“But really, I had no ________ where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴风雪中迷路时受到了陌生人帮助，故作者心怀感激。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·咸阳模拟)Chinese achievements in pollution control, ecological recovery and protection, and green development China __1__ (make) in the past decade were highlighted at a Friday press briefing, __2__ a senior official pointed out China's __3__ (participate) and leadership in global climate governance. According to the press briefing, China has been the __4__ (fast) in improving air quality and the PM 2.5 level in cities at the prefecture level and above dropped by 34.8 percent from that of 2015.Days with good air quality reached 87.5 percent.Pollution of water bodies and the soil is also __5__ (effective) tackled.Ecological systems __6__ (protect) and restored.National parks are set and more than 300 endangered animal and plant species saw their wild populations recover, marking achievements in protecting ecological diversity. The country has taken __7__ active part in cooperation on climate change.It has done its best to help other developing countries to improve their climate response capacity __8__ (reduce) the harmful impacts of climate change.It also has distributed over 1.2 billion yuan on climate change and trained about 2,000 officials and experts in the field of climate change __9__ more than 120 developing countries. __10__ (head) forward, China will work with all parties to actively participate in the global governance of climate change. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了近几年中国在应对全球气候变化方面取得的成就。 1．has made　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，make作定语从句的谓语；根据时间状语“in the past decade”可知，应用现在完成时；主语是China，为第三人称单数，谓语也应用单数形式。 2．where　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a Friday press briefing，在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。 3．participation　考查名词。空前是名词所有格，所以空处应用名词作宾语，表示“参与”，故填participation。 4．fastest　考查形容词最高级。根据语境及空前的定冠词the可知，此处应填形容词最高级。 5．effectively　考查副词。空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词形式。故填effectively。 6．are protected　考查动词时态和语态。protect作本句谓语，和主语Ecological systems之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。 7．an　考查冠词。take an active part in意为“积极参加”，为固定搭配。故填an。 8．to reduce　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词has done，所以reduce应用非谓语形式；根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。 9．for　考查介词。train for意为“为……训练”，为固定搭配。 10．Heading　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词will work，所以head应用非谓语形式，且和逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式；空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2025·福州模拟)假定你是李华，你校英文报正在为今年的“全国生态日(National Ecology Day)”征集环保口号(slogan)。请你给口号征集负责人Alan写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你提出的口号；　2.口号的含义及优点。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文： Dear Alan， Having learned that our newspaper is collecting slogans for the National Ecology Day, I'm writing to introduce my own version: One Earth, One Family. I think my slogan is very persuasive.Although we live in different countries or different parts of a country, we have only one Earth.So it is our shared responsibility to protect our home planet and safeguard the biodiversity on Earth.My slogan also shows that only with joint efforts from all over the world can we protect our home planet. I will consider it a great honor if my slogan is selected. Best regards! Yours sincerely， Li Hua 　　　　　　　 课时作业(三)　读后续写讲评训练 　精品课件·名师析题 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 [1] It began as a typical January day. The grey skies were heavy with snow and wind in front of Valleyview School. I was in my first year of teaching and had no idea that this approaching snowstorm would be so severe. [2] By mid-day the principal called the school buses back so the three hundred kids could get home safely before it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, excited to go home early. The buses arrived but the storm suddenly worsened before the waiting kids could board and it was quickly clear no one was going anywhere soon. By now the bus drivers and a couple of snowplow (铲雪车) operators were discussing the situation. There were over three hundred children, staff, bus and snowplow drivers stuck inside the school.❶ [3] Night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping. We were facing some basic questions. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep？❷ [4] Earl, our school gatekeeper, began working non-stop to keep the heater running. Concerned about the old pipes freezing, he wrapped them with whatever material he could find. With our electricity lines swaying under the increasing weight of ice and snow in heavy winds, what would we do if we lost power? A plan was definitely needed. [5] Every parent was called to reassure them that their children were safe, and then people who lived close enough to brave the storm were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people had managed to travel through the heavy and blinding snow bringing bags of sandwiches, tinned juices, blankets and a couple of board games.❸ One woman, who lived right on the edge of the school, wrapped herself up and felt through the blinding snow with a huge kettle and enough ingredients to make tomato soup for at least half of the school. There wasn't a lot of food, but everything was shared, no one went hungry, and no one complained. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids.　 The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow.　 [写作构思指导] 一、读文路径(把握结构主旨) 二、思考路径 1．理清故事双线 2．关注伏笔照应 伏笔1(句①)：暗示雪停后，人们会为校车用铲雪车清理出车道。 伏笔2(句②)：暗示老师们会为学生解决睡觉问题。 伏笔3(句③)：暗示老师会组织孩子们开展一些娱乐性活动并且部分解决学生睡觉的问题。 3．构思续写内容(运用“5所”构思) 第一段： ①How did we make sleep arrangements for children？(根据前文伏笔2提出问题：所见——接续首句) ②What did the teachers do for the kids？(根据前文伏笔3提出问题：所做——推进情节) ③How did the kids feel？And what did they do？(所感、所做——推进情节) ④How did the staff spend the night？(所做——衔接下文) 第二段： ⑤How did the people clean the snow next morning？(所做——接续首句) ⑥What did others do to help the children and staff？(根据前文伏笔1提出问题：所做——推进情节) ⑦What did the helpers do after the children were rescued？(所做——推进情节) ⑧What lesson did we learn from the event？(所感——主旨升华) [逻辑润色成文] 一、写好两个关键语段 1．请设计老师们为孩子们安排的娱乐活动及孩子们乐观自娱的场景。 Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. Despite the challenging circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained. 2．请设计一个合理的结尾。 (感悟式结尾)Looking_back,_it_wasn't_just_the_snowstorm_that_made_that_day_memorable _—_it_was_the_resilience_and_kindness_shown_by_everyone_involved. (情景式结尾)With_the_shining_sunlight_casting_on_everyone,_we_all_felt_a_surge_of_ warmth_running_through_our_bodies. 二、衔接好，做到逻辑顺畅成文 Before night fell, we worked out entertaining and sleeping arrangements for the kids. As the evening came, the school gymnasium was transformed into a temporary dormitory, with rows of mats laid out and blankets spread for the children to sleep on. (对应伏笔2和伏笔3) Teachers took turns telling stories, playing board games and singing songs together to keep spirits high. (对应伏笔3) Despite the challenging circumstances, the children remained not fearful but surprisingly cheerful. (心理描写) Some of the older students even organized talent shows and games to keep everyone entertained. Meanwhile, the staff worked tirelessly to ensure that everyone was warm and safe throughout the night. (动作描写) The next morning the snow stopped and people began to clear the snow. The snowplows began to work. Parents and nearby residents arrived with tools in hand, ready to help dig out the buses a path through the snow. (对应伏笔1) The community spirit was truly inspiring, and together we were able to clear a path for the buses to finally leave. As the last bus carrying the last students pulled away, cheers erupted from those who remained behind. It was a challenging experience, but one that brought us all closer together. Looking back, it wasn't just the snowstorm that made that day memorable — it was the resilience and kindness shown by everyone involved. |背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．pot n. 　　　　　　　　 壶，瓶，罐；锅 2．comic n. 连环漫画；喜剧演员 adj. 滑稽的；喜剧的 3．frontier n. 国界，边界；尖端，边缘 4．billion num. 十亿 5．button n. 按键；纽扣 6．recipe n. 食谱；方法，秘诀 7．military adj. 军事的，军队的 8．goods n. 商品，货品；私人财产 9．commerce n. 商务，商业，贸易 10．site n. 网站，站点；地点；现场 11．cash n. 现金；金钱，资金 12．software n. 软件 13．guideline n. 准则，指导方针；参考 14．file n. 文件；文件夹；档案 15．mobile adj. 可移动的，非固定的；行动方便的；流动的 n. 手机 16．device n. 设备，仪器；手段，技巧 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．click n．　　　　　　　 点击，单击；咔哒声 vi.& vt. 使发出咔哒声；点击，单击 2．affair n. 公共事务，政治事务；事件，事情 3．majority n. 大部分，大多数；多数票 4．arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列 5．comment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt. 表达意见 6．surf vt.& vi. (互联网上)冲浪，浏览；进行冲浪运动 7．remove vt. 删除；移走；开除 8．request vt. 要求，请求 n. 要求，请求；要求的事 9．upload vt. 上载，上传 10．download vt. 下载 11．percentage n. 百分率，百分比；提成 12．quit vt.& vi. 停止，戒掉；离开 13．scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的 14．somehow adv. 不知怎么地；以某种方式(或方法) 15．journal n. 日记；报纸，杂志 16．wide-ranging adj. 覆盖面广的，内容广泛的 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．obvious　adj.　 　 显然的，明显的 obviously adv. 显然，明显地 2．access n． 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用 accessible adj. 可达到的，可接近的，可进入的 accessibility n. 可接近性，可访问性 3．deliver vt. 递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出 delivery n. 递送；发表，宣布 4．establish vt. 建立；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定 establishment n. 建立；设立；确立 5．instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；方便的 n． 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻 instantly adv. 立刻，立即，马上 6．aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 awareness n. 知道，认识，意识；兴趣 unaware adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的 7．belong vi. 应在(某处)；能适应 belongings n. 动产；财物 8．technique n. 技术，工艺，技巧 technical adj.　 技术的，技能的；专门技术的；专业的 technology n. 技术；科技 9．entertain vt. 使快乐；招待，款待 entertainment n. 娱乐活动；招待，娱乐 entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的 10．addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子 addicted adj. 沉溺于……的 addiction n. 瘾，沉溺，癖好 addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 11．reveal vt. 展示，显出；揭示，透露 revelation n. 展现，显示；披露；启示 12．appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢 appreciative adj. 感激的 appreciation n. 感激，欣赏 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．“-ment”名词集锦　 ①arrangement　　　　 安排；布置；约定；排列 ②disappointment 失望 ③enjoyment 乐趣 ④amazement 吃惊 ⑤development 发展 ⑥equipment 设备 ⑦encouragement 鼓励 2．“-ity”后缀相聚　 ①majority 大多数 ②minority 少数 ③identity 身份；同一性 ④gravity 重力，地心引力 ⑤equality 平等；相等 ⑥diversity 多样性 |背|短|语| 1．take off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行 2．get in touch with ... 与……取得联系 3．lie in 在于……；位于…… 4．bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 5．at one's fingertips 掌握(信息)，熟悉、精通 (知识等)，了如指掌 6．turn to 求助于，求教于 7．make an arrangement 做出安排 8．above all else 最重要的是，尤其是 9．no longer 　　　　　　　 不再，再也不 10．get in the way 阻挡，阻碍 11．to a certain extent 在一定程度上 12．set up　　　　　　　　 创建，建立 13．belong to 属于，归……所有 14．be glued to sth. 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近 15．shoot past 飞驰而过 16．knock sb. off one's feet 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地 17．be lost in 全神贯注，沉浸于 18．cut back on 减少，削减 19．reach for ... 伸手拿…… 20．take up 占据(时间、空间) 21．make up one's mind to do ...　 下定决心做…… 22．be/get used to doing sth. 　　 习惯于做某事 23．fix on 集中(目光、注意力等)于 |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.(have sth.done“让/使某人做某事”) 通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。 2．Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.(“only＋状语”引起的倒装) 唯有如此，互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。 3．I felt lost and anxious, as if I had missed something of value.(as if的用法) 我感到迷惘、紧张，仿佛我丢失了什么宝贵的东西。 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：网络生活 1．Computers have replaced humans in many areas of our life, making our work much easier and more efficient. 在我们生活的很多领域电脑已经代替了人类，使得我们的工作更容易、更高效。 2．What's more, Internet is just like a bridge of communication between people.People get closer through it, which promotes interpersonal relationships. 此外，互联网就像人们之间沟通的桥梁。人们通过它距离变得更近了，这改进了人际关系。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：情感表达之“兴奋” The payday arrived at last.Excitement swept over me, for it was the first time I had got paid for my work. While walking back home, I felt the flowers lining the path look like angels, swaying in the wind and dancing in the sun. I conceived many plans about how to dispose of my earnings. I needed a new football ...I intended ...Bounding into the yard, I noticed my parents standing beside the old truck with glum looks. 发工资的日子终于来了，我激动不已，因为这是我第一次领到工资。我走回家时，感觉路两边的花儿看起来像天使一般，在风中摇曳，在太阳下起舞。我做了很多设想怎样花我挣得的钱。我需要一个新足球……我打算……蹦蹦跳跳走进院子，我看到父母站在旧车旁边，满脸忧伤的样子。 高分悟道 本段中“Excitement swept over me”运用了无灵主语；“I felt the flowers lining the path look like angels, swaying in the wind and dancing in the sun.”运用了比喻和拟人修辞；“I conceived ...I needed ...I intended ...”运用了平行结构；“Bounding into”运用了分词短语作状语，表达了欢快的动作。这些心理及动作描写从不同的角度对作者拿到第一份工资后的兴奋心情进行了形象描述。 高分有招 常见的表示“兴奋”的高分词块有： flush with excitement　　　激动得满脸通红 can't hide one's excitement 难掩激动 a scream of thrill/excitement 激动的尖叫声 can't contain one's excitement无法抑制内心的激动 a ripple/shiver/wave/surge of excitement 一阵兴奋 to one's excitement/thrill 令某人激动的是 一、默写核心单词 1．click a mouse　　　　　　 点击鼠标 2．from military affairs to learning resources 从军事事务到学习资源 3．the majority of people 大部分人 4．travel arrangement 旅行安排 5．a comment on an update 对更新的评论 6．surf the Net looking for information 上网查找信息 7．remove illegally parked vehicles 移走非法停放的车辆 8．at his request 应他的要求 9．upload the pictures 上传图片 10．download the file from the Internet 从网上下载文件 11．ten percentage of students　 百分之十的学生 12．quit the bad habit 戒掉坏习惯 13．a scary movie 恐怖电影 14．realize that idea somehow 以某种方式实现那个想法 15．keep a journal_of travels 　 写旅行日志 16．have a wide-ranging conversation with her 与她进行了话题广泛的交谈 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 三、默写重点短语 1．take_off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行 2．get_in_touch_with_... 与……取得联系 3．lie_in 在于……；位于…… 4．bring_up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 5．at_one's_fingertips 掌握(信息)，熟悉、精通(知识等)，了如指掌 6．turn_to 求助于，求教于 7．make_an_arrangement 做出安排 8．above_all_else 最重要的是，尤其是 9．no_longer_ 不再，再也不 10．get_in_the_way 阻挡，阻碍 11．to_a_certain_extent 在一定程度上 12．set_up 创建，建立 13．belong_to 属于，归……所有 14．be_glued_to_sth. 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近 15．shoot_past 飞驰而过 16．knock_sb._off_one's_feet_ 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地 17．be_lost_in 全神贯注，沉浸于 18．cut_back_on 减少，削减 19．reach_for_... 伸手拿…… 20．take_up 占据(时间、空间) 21．make_up_one's_mind_to_do_... 　　下定决心做…… 22．be/get_used_to_doing_sth. 　　　 习惯于做某事 23．fix_on 集中(目光、注意力等)于 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点 1．The hall had no spare seats left last night.Obviously (obvious), the performance achieved great success. 2．He was addicted (addict) to reading, so he didn't notice me when I came into the room. 3．Sport has become an important form of entertainment (entertain), attracting both men and women. 4．The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and it's accessible (access) through a computer. 5．The majority (major) of students, accounting for 78 percent, are in favour of this idea. 6．However, a few customers complained about some minor issues, such as packaging or delivery (deliver)． 7．Thanks to the waiter's excellent arrangement(s) (arrange), I'm feeling so good. 易错微点 1．副词obviously意为“显然”，通常用作评注性状语，置于句首，修饰整个句子。 2．be/become/get addicted to doing sth.意为“对做某事痴迷；沉溺于做某事”；be addicted to ...意为“沉溺于……，对……入迷”，to为介词，后跟名词或动名词。 3．accessible意为“可进入的；可使用的”，常用于be accessible to“易接近的；能进入的”。 二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳 1．instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的 n．瞬间，片刻；某一时刻 ①She greeted everyone with a warm smile, which instantly (instant) made us feel at ease. ②The baby has been crying all the time, but in an instant her mood has changed when she sees her mother. ③(话题写作之学校生活)Generally speaking, we are busy reviewing the_instant_we_enter_senior_year,_which is considered a vital period. 一般来说，一进入高三我们都在忙着复习(功课)，这被认为是一段非常重要的时期。 (1)in an instant＝instantly 立刻；马上 for an instant 一瞬间 　一……就…… 2．aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 ①People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage. ②(话题写作之个人成长)As a member of the society, I_am/become_aware_that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. 作为社会的一员，我意识到有责任感是建设一个更好的社会所需要的。 ③(话题写作之环境保护)Earth Day, marked on 22nd April, is an annual event aiming to raise_public_awareness_about_environmental_protection. 4月22日的“地球日”是一个旨在增强公众环保意识的年度活动。 (1)be/become aware of 对……知道/明白；意识到…… be/become aware that ... 知道……；意识到…… as far as I'm aware 据我所知…… (2)unaware adj.　 未察觉的；不知道的 (3)awareness n. 知道；意识 raise one's awareness about/of 提高某人对……的认识 3．belong vi.应在(某处)；能适应 ①First of all, uniforms help the students look smart.The students feel that they belong to a particular group. ②(主旨升华句)Struggling for our dreams offers us a_sense_of_belonging. 为梦想奋斗让我们有一种归属感。 ③(写作增分句)In my opinion, you'd better put the book where/to_which_it_belongs. 在我看来，你最好把书放在它该放的地方。 (1)belong to　　 属于，归……所有 (2)a sense of belonging　 归属感 (3)belongings n. 所有物 名师指津：belong to不用于被动语态和进行时态，但是它的现在分词形式可以作后置定语。 4．request vt.要求，请求 n．要求，请求；要求的事 ①We ask everyone to attend the meeting in the afternoon. →Everyone_is_requested_to_attend the meeting in the afternoon.(用request及被动语态升级) ②We request that all cellphones be turned off for the duration of the performance. →It_is_requested_that all cellphones be turned off for the duration of the performance.(用it作形式主语升级) ③(活动介绍)At_their_request,_I made a presentation to show them how to make tea. 应他们的要求，我做了一个演示，向他们展示如何泡茶。 (1)request sb.(not) to do sth. 要求/请求某人(不)做某事 request that ...(should) do 要求……做…… It is requested that ...(should) do ... 要求……做…… (2)at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的要求/请求 make a request/requests for ... 要求/请求…… 5．appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢 ①I'd appreciate being_given (give) the chance to work in your company two years ago. ②(感谢信)Here I sincerely express_my_appreciation_to_you for your help with my English. 在这儿，我真诚地为你在英语上给我的帮助向你表示感谢。 ③(求助信)I_would_appreciate_it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems. 如果你能给我一些解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。 (1)appreciate one's doing sth.　　　　 感激某人做某事 I would appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激 (2)appreciation n．　 感激；欣赏 express one's appreciation to sb. 向某人表达感激 三、重点短语—— 1．take off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；起飞；脱下；休假；事业腾飞 ①I'd appreciate it if you could take over the driving for a while. ②In conclusion, smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health. ③With the development of science and technology, our country has taken on a new look. ④In 1944, he met Edith Piaf, and his career took off. ⑤If you take in more fat before bedtime, you will put greater burden on your body at night. take over　　 接管 take down 写下；记下；拆除 take up 开始从事；喜欢上；占用 take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事 2．above all else最重要的是，尤其是 ①(话题写作之人物描写)Above_all_else,_he is not only responsible but also patient, and he always devotes himself to arousing our learning interest. 最重要的是，他不仅有责任心，而且有耐心，还一直致力于激发我们的学习兴趣。 ②(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)All_in_all,_Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble character. 总而言之，范仲淹是一个榜样，一直激励着我做一个品德高尚的人。 after all　　 毕竟，终究 first of all 首先 all in all 整体说来；总而言之 in all 全部；合计 at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟 3．set up创建，建立；建起，设立 ①We are going to set off/out at 9：00 a．m.and come back to school at 4：30 p．m.on Sunday. ②As soon as she got home, my mother set about preparing lunch. ③He would always set down new ideas that occurred to him. ④When the last rays of sunlight were falling, we decided to set up camp along the river for the night. ⑤It's a good idea for you to set aside some time to read every night before you go to bed. set about (doing) sth.＝set out to do sth.　 开始着手(做)某事 set aside 留出；拨出；把……置于一旁 set off ＝ set out　　 动身；出发 set down 记下，放下 名师指津：set out和set about都有“开始做，着手做”之意，但是set out后接动词不定式，set about后接动词-ing 形式。 四、一词多义—— 1.①The Mobile Library project aims to improve literacy skills of children in undeveloped areas.__C__ ②The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.__A__ ③Now, do you know who invented the mobile？__D__ ④The kitchen of the house is especially designed for the elderly or people who are less mobile.__B__ 1.mobile A．adj.可移动的，非固定的 B．adj.行动方便的 C．adj.流动的 D．n.手机 2.①My parents brought me up to respect others. __C__ ②The topic attracted a lot of interest as soon as it was brought up in the meeting. __B__ ③He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight. __E__ ④Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. __D__ ⑤Click the right button to bring up a new menu. __A__ 2.bring up A．使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出 B．提出 C．教育 D．抚养 E．呕吐 数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. To do so，I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy：the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文向读者介绍了一本书，该书解释了何为数字极简主义并提供了实现极简主义生活方式的方法。语篇倡导人们进行可持续的数字极简主义生活方式，是对现在人们过度依赖数码产品、依赖网络以及把过多时间消耗在缺乏思考的设备之上的一种反思，也是对改变这种生活方式的一种呼吁。作为青少年，要明智、适度地使用网络来丰富自己的学习生活。 1．What is the book aimed at? A．Teaching critical thinking skills. B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C．Solving philosophical problems. D．Promoting the use of a digital device. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”、第二段中的“digital lives”和最后一段中的“a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle”可知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。故选B项。 2．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Clear-up. B．Add-on. C．Check-in. D．Take-over. 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“step away from”可知，画线词表示“清除，清理”，A项含义与画线词含义相近。 3．What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A．Theoretical models. B．Statistical methods. C．Practical examples. D．Historical analyses. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段首句及“You'll hear these participants' stories”可知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。 4．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A．Use them as needed. B．Recommend them to friends. C．Evaluate their effects. D．Identify the ideas behind them. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句可知，作者建议读者把这些方法当成帮助自己实现极简主义生活方式的工具，即在需要的时候使用这些方法。故选A项。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇说明文，采用了“总—分”的语篇结构。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(熟词生义)Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy.v.以……结束 ②(熟词生义)In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.vt.组织 ③(一词多义)In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.n.问题 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①make the case for　　 　 为……提供充分的理由 ②move on 接着，继续 ③step away from 远离 ④draw on 利用 ⑤take a closer look at 深度探索 ⑥work for 适用于 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable，before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 抓标志：关系代词that 判类型：主句＋定语从句 试翻译：在第一部分中，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，从调查是什么力量使这么多人对数字生活越来越难以容忍开始，然后再继续详细讨论数字极简主义哲学。 2．You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. 抓标志：关系代词that 判类型：主句＋定语从句 试翻译：你可以把这些做法看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立一种适合你特殊情况的极简主义生活方式。 由教材典句，学高级表达 句式1　“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 |解|读|规|则| (1)only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需用部分倒装，其结构为：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。 (2)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；only 放在句首修饰主语时，不用倒装。 |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①We can spend those days together happily only by understanding and learning from each other. →Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend_those_days_together_happily. ②A student is allowed to enter the room only if a teacher gives permission. →Only_if_a_teacher_gives_permission_is a student allowed to enter the room. |应|用|写|美| ③(主旨升华句)直到那时我才意识到，只有勇敢才能克服一切困难。 Only_then_did_I_realize_that it was bravery that can conquer whatever difficulty came in the way. ④(演讲稿)只有通过这种方式我们的地球才能成为更适宜居住的地方。 Only_in_this_way_could our earth become a better place to live in. 句式2　as if引导的从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)as if (＝as though)引导表语从句或方式状语从句。 (2)as if/though后既可跟陈述语气，又可跟虚拟语气。虚拟语气有三种形式：did (现在)、 had done (过去)、would/might/could＋do (将来)。 (3)如果as if从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，这样就出现“as if＋名词/不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词”结构。 |习|练|规|则|　(单句语法填空/单句写作) ①He stopped driving and went out of his car as if to_find (find) several passers-by and to ask the way. ②From time to time, Jason turned around as if searching (search) for someone. ③I felt as if my_heart_had_stopped. 我觉得好像我的心都不跳了。 |应|用|写|美| ④(情绪描写)汤姆冷静地解释了一切，就好像什么都没有发生过一样。 Tom explained everything calmly, as_if_nothing_had_happened. ⑤(情绪描写)女孩匆忙离开房间，好像生气了。 The girl left the room hurriedly as_if/though_(she_was)_angry. 建构语义场，丰富语料库 子语境(一)　互联网的功能 1．achieve almost anything online 在网上几乎什么都能做到 2．some truly life-changing advantages 一些实实在在改变生活的好处 3．make our lives unbelievably convenient 给我们的生活带来难以置信的便利 4．help us establish and maintain social ties 帮助我们建立并维持社交联系 5．One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.　 互联网的最大优势之一在于可以快速、方便地获取海量信息。 子语境(二)　网络安$$