语法写作 第一块 语法项目(3) 形容词、副词（课件）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（人教 主题复习版）

语法项目(3)　形容词、副词 考点1　形容词、副词的句法功能 [高考体验] 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ____________ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 解析：空处应用形容词作定语修饰structure，故填functional，意为“功能(性)的”。 functional 2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, _______ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 解析：空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup，故空处填形容词tasty。 tasty 3．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)So, what are they learning? __________ (basic), how to describe a panda's life. 解析：分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，应用副词，且位于句首，故填Basically。 4．(2023·全国甲卷) _________(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 解析：be different from表示“与……不同”，是固定短语。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词短语作状语，且位于句首，故填Different。 Basically Different [系统归纳] 1．形容词、副词的用法 形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和宾语补足语；副词主要修饰动词、形容词和副词，也可修饰整个句子。 2．形容词的常见后缀 -­y storm→stormy　　 ice→icy -­al, -­ical globe→global 　　　politics→political -­ful success→successful plenty→plentiful -­able，-­(s)ible desire→desirable　 access→accessible -­less use→useless 　　　 home→homeless -­ly dead→deadly 　　　live→lively ­-tive attract→attractive 　 create→creative ­-(i)ous number→numerous mountain→mountainous 3．形容词变副词的规则 一般情况加­-ly common→commonly immediate→immediately 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，将y改为i然后加­-ly steady→steadily busy→busily 以-­le结尾，去掉e加­-y simple→simply gentle→gently 以-­ic结尾，加­-ally economic→economically scientific→scientifically [名师指津] 形容词(短语)也可作状语，此时一般用逗号与其他成分隔开，表示原因、结果或伴随的状态等。 Fortunately they came back, safe and sound. 幸运的是，他们安然无恙地回来了。 4．连接副词(用于连接句子或从句) still “仍然，依旧”，表示状态的持续 though “然而，可是”，多用于句末，表示转折 meanwhile “在此期间”，表示两个动作同时发生 besides “另外，而且”，表示递进关系 however “然而”，表示转折，后常有逗号 instead “相反”，表示相反的情况 otherwise “否则，不然”，表示结果 anyway/anyhow “尽管，即使这样”，表示让步 therefore/thus/ onsequently “因此，所以”，表示结果 moreover/furthermore/additionally “此外”，表示承接关系 考点2　形容词、副词的比较等级 [高考体验] 1．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the ________ (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell­-Saint Elias in southern Alaska ... 解析：根据句意可知，应用最高级形式largest。 largest 2．(2023·浙江1月高考)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and _________ (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 解析：空处与空前的smaller相呼应，表示在设计和装饰方面更简单，故填simpler。 simpler 3．(2022·全国甲卷)...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's ________ (high) mountain. 解析：根据常识可知，乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山，故填形容词的最高级。 4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _______ (hot) the spring! 解析：“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”结构意为“越……，就越……”，根据前面的“the colder”可知，设空处填hotter。 highest hotter [系统归纳] 形容词和副词的比较等级分为：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词和副词的原形。比较级和最高级的词形变化分规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1．规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加-­er或-­est 以e结尾的，只加­-r或-­st 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加­-er或­-est 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加­-er或­-est 其他双音节词和多音节词 在前面加more或most [名师指津] 有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，如right, wrong, excellent, extreme, perfect等，它们没有比较等级。 2．不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad (badly)/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 3．形容词与副词比较等级的用法 (1)平级比较 ·常用as＋形容词/副词原级＋as或not＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as引导 ·as＋形容词＋as＋数量词＝数量词＋形容词 The building is as tall as 100 meters. ＝The building is 100 meters tall. 这幢楼有100米高。 (2)表示比较的特殊结构 ·表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时，用“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”，意为“越……，就越……”。 ·不与其他事物相比较，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。 ·表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。 The more you hurry, the less progress you are likely to make. 欲速则不达。 ①However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now. 不管你怎么开始，记住没有比现在更好的开始时间了。 ②He is taller than any other student in our class. 我们班上他的个子最高。 (4)最高级的常用句型 ·形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的短语或从句 ·one of＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数 ·序数词及nearly, almost, among等＋形容词最高级＋名词 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country. ＝Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我们国家最大的城市之一。 (5)倍数表达法 倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ＝倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than ＝倍数＋the＋名词＋of ＝倍数＋what从句 It took three times as long as I had expected. 这件事花的时间是我预期的三倍。 [解题思维建模] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Running is cheap, easy and it's always __________ (energy)． 2．Together, we can transform our campus into a ________ (green), cleaner place. 3．Whenever looking back on this incident, I feel ________ (extreme) grateful to him. 4．You cannot imagine how ___________ (meaning) and interesting it was! energetic greener extremely meaningful 5．He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and ________ (hunger)． 6．The old people there were talkative and they told us their _________ (person) stories cheerfully. 7．He told me to call him the next time I was in Vienna and buy him a beer，which I _________ (happy) agreed to. 8．The title will be _________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. hungry personal happily officially 9．_________ (lucky)，he also has a cow which produces milk every day. 10．Scientists believe that the back of the moon is _____________ (ancient) than the front, so the soil age is valuable for studying the early history of the moon. Luckily more ancient Ⅱ.语篇填空(用形容词和副词知识填空) Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brains too much.It is not true.Through many studies, scientists show us that the 1._______ (much) you use your brain, the better it will be and the 2._________ (clever) you will become. Of course, if you want to keep your mind clear and active, you must take a proper rest and study 3._________ (proper)．To teenagers, using their brains in the morning is good for their health. more cleverer properly There are many ways to rest.One is a 4._________ (peace) rest such as sleep.Another is an 5._______ (act) rest.For example, take a walk outdoors and do some exercise every day.To change the way of brains' activities is also a good way to rest. In everyday life, to eat some eggs, meat, fresh vegetables and fruit is also good for the brain. Wish you a wise man and a happy life. peaceful active Ⅲ.单句写作 1．He _________________, hit by shock ____________. 他立刻皱起眉头，显然受到了惊吓。 2．_________________ his words, I burst into tears. 我被他的话深深打动了，哭了起来。 3．___________________, I tried my best ___________ every day. 在接下来的日子里，我每天都尽我最大的努力工作。 frowned instantly obviously Deeply moved by In the following days to work hard 4．He said he could sense ____________________________________ __________ in my story. 他说他能从我的故事中感受到一种坚定的态度和细心且创新性的思维。 5．Hearing my words, the teacher also felt ______________ .He said he loved my stories and believed I will _________________ in the future. 听到我的话，老师也感到十分欣慰。他说他喜欢我的故事，相信我将来会更成功。 a determined attitude, careful and creative thinking a great belief be more successful (3)比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式 ·否定词语＋比较级 ·比较级＋than＋ $$