选必4 U12 第1课时 语基夯实课（课件）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版）

第1课时　语基夯实课 目录 CONTENTS 单元词汇全面盘查 重点词汇深化学习 课时作业（一） 单元词汇全面盘查 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．These costs are payable whatever the _________(结果) of the case. 2．The ________(重力) of the moon is so weak that the food will float around. 3．However tremendous the difficulty we faced with, we will have no choice but to unite and __________(克服) it. 4．The government hopes the court will announce its _________(发现) before the end of the month. outcome gravity overcome findings 5．It will be many years before anyone can predict a hurricane's behaviour with much __________(准确性)． 6．NASA plans to ________(发射) a satellite to study cosmic rays. 7．In the past, she gained a reputation as a strong-willed, ___________(直言不讳的) woman. 8．His academic performance is well above average，but he is still ________(谦卑的) and hard-working. accuracy launch outspoken humble Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出蓝体词汇在句中的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. ________ 2．He was afraid that if he proposed she might refuse. _______ 3．Regular exercise helps to combat unwanted stress and is a good way of relaxing or letting off steam. _______ 4．I used to be all sweetness and light on the outside, but inside I would be boiling with rage. ____________ 5．“Of course there's something wrong！” Jem exploded. _____________ v.发起 v.求婚 n.怒气 v.怒火中烧 v.勃然(大怒) 6．①The minister declined to make a comment on the legend. ________ ②Besides, the number of snakes had declined as well. ________ ③Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons, including other environmental influences or genetic factors. ____________ ④Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the US agricultural economy. _________ v.谢绝 v.下降 v.衰退，衰弱 n．减少 Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．One movie is classified as pure art, the other as ____________ (entertain)． 2．She was an accomplished pianist, a superb swimmer, and a ________(gift) artist. 3．Some news will excite their readers __________(instant) while others won't. entertainment gifted instantly 4．A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city were in favour of the __________(propose) on healthcare reform. 5．Learning English on the Internet can allow you to learn English more conveniently and more ___________(efficient)． 6．Much money is needed for the _____________(preserve) of historic buildings and monuments. proposal efficiently preservation 7．The _____________(available) of physical evidence was not to be discussed. 8．Millions of tourists visit this icy festival every year, drawn by the _________(mass) ice sculptures that decorate the fairgrounds next to Songhua River. availability massive Ⅳ.选词填空 look up, in spite of, for the purpose of, turn on, not to mention, single out, go out 1．She ___________ the sunflower from the garden of flowers, its bright yellow petals shining in the warm sunlight. 2．I __________ the words in the dictionary and still didn't fully understand the meanings. singled out looked up 3．__________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances. 4．I remind myself over and over that I'm working only __________________ realizing one of my dreams. 5．Years were wasted, _____________ lives and money. 6．We were doing physics experiments in the laboratory when the power __________. 7．The vehicles in the future can _________ the automatic driving mode and drive to the destination autonomously. In spite of for the purpose of not to mention went out turn on 重点词汇深化学习 1．entertainment [n.娱乐活动，娱乐节目；招待；娱乐] |系|统|归|纳| (1)for entertainment　　　 为了娱乐 to one's entertainment 使某人高兴的是 (2)entertain vi.& vt. 使娱乐；招待 entertain sb.to sth. 用某物招待某人 entertain sb.with sth. 用某物使某人快乐 (3)entertaining adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 |多|维|训|练| ①She argues that wild animals (should) be left in the wild and not used for ______________(entertain) or advertisements. ②Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem ____________(entertain)． entertainment entertaining ③(情节叙述)Having found his mother weeping, little Tommy spared no effort to _________________ whatever he could think of.He vividly told __________________ to her.Finally, ___________________, his mother smiled through tears. 发现母亲在哭，小汤米不遗余力地用他能想到的方法来逗她开心。他生动地给她讲有趣的故事。最后，让他高兴的是，他的母亲破涕为笑了。 entertain her with entertaining stories to his entertainment 2．gifted [adj.有天赋的，有才华的] |系|统|归|纳| (1)be gifted in ...　　　 在……方面有天资 (be) gifted with ... 天生具有…… (2)gift n. 天赋；才能；礼物 have a gift for ... 在……方面有天赋 |多|维|训|练| ①(人物描写)She _____________________________, capable of attracting audiences with her soulful melodies. 她天生有一副好嗓子，能够用她深情的旋律吸引观众。 ②(人物描写)Emily ________________________ capturing beautiful moments through her photography, showcasing the world's beauty in a unique way. Emily擅长通过摄影捕捉美丽的瞬间，以独特的方式展示世界的美丽。 is gifted with a beautiful voice has a gift for/is gifted in 3．donate [vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献] |系|统|归|纳| (1)donate ...to ...　　　 把……捐赠给…… (2)donation n. 捐赠；捐献 make a donation 进行捐赠 accept a donation 接受捐赠 (3)donor n. 捐赠者 |多|维|训|练| ①The heart transplant will take place as soon as a suitable _________(donate) can be found. ②(人物描写)我们的女儿乔治亚捐赠了一大袋玩具给一个小女孩，她的母亲因病无法支付她的假期费用。(一句多译) →Our daughter Georgia ____________________________ a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.(donate) →Our daughter Georgia ____________________________________ a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.(donation) donor donated a large bag of toys to made a donation of a large bag of toys to 4．correspond [vi.通信；符合，相一致] |系|统|归|纳| (1)correspond to/with　 与……相符/相一致 correspond with sb. 与某人通信 correspond to ... 相当于……，类似于…… (2)correspondence n. 通信；来往信件；相关；相似 in correspondence with ... 与……通信；和……一致 keep up correspondence with (sb.) 与(某人)保持通信联系 |多|维|训|练| ①(话题写作之个人成长)Actually, all of us desire to achieve success, but sometimes our actions don't _________________________________. 事实上，我们都渴望获得成功，但有时我们的行动与我们的愿望不相符。 ②据我所知，从那时起，他和欧洲最重要的学者都有书信往来。(一句多译) →As far as I know, he ________________________ leading European scholars since then.(correspond) →As far as I know, he ________________________________ leading European scholars since then.(correspondence) →As far as I know, he _________________________________ leading European scholars since then.(correspondence) correspond with/to what we desire has corresponded with has been in correspondence with has kept up correspondence with 5．decline [vi.& vt.减少，降低；下降；衰退；谢绝 n.下降；衰退] |系|统|归|纳| (1)decline to　　　　　　 下降/减少到 decline by 下降/减少了 decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事 (2)a decline in sth. 在某方面减少/下降 in decline 下降 on the decline 走下坡路，在衰退中 fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落，陷入衰退 名师指津：(1)increase、 reduce、 crash、 decline与to搭配表示“……到”，与by搭配表示“……了”。 (2)decline作名词时，注意与介词的搭配特点，即in后是零冠词形式，而在on 后加定冠词。 |多|维|训|练| ①(情节叙述)To my surprise, I invited him to dine, but he ________________________________. 令我吃惊的是，我邀请他吃饭，但他婉言谢绝了我的邀请。 declined my invitation with thanks ②(话题写作之动物保护)The population of wild animals has been _______________ for decades due to habitat loss and poaching.Many conservation organizations have been working tirelessly to reverse this trend.However, _______________________ continues, with some species ______________ more than 50%.It's crucial that we take immediate action to protect these vulnerable species before they become extinct. 数十年来，由于栖息地丧失和偷猎，野生动物的数量一直在减少。许多保护组织一直在孜孜不倦地努力扭转这一趋势。然而，数量的下降仍在继续，有些物种下降了50%以上。在它们灭绝之前，我们立即采取行动来保护这些脆弱的物种至关重要。 on the decline the decline in numbers declining by 6．for the purpose of ...[为了……] |系|统|归|纳| with purpose　　　　　　　　 有目的地 with the purpose of ... 带着……目的 on purpose/by design 故意地 achieve/accomplish/fulfill a purpose 达到目的 |多|维|训|练| ①(建议信)_________________________________, you should join a club, for it is the best way to meet people with common interests. 为了交朋友，你应该加入俱乐部，因为这是结识有共同爱好的人最好的方法。 ②(人物描写)Amanda enrolled in a photography class __________________ improving her skills and pursuing her passion.Through her hard work and determination, she was able to ____________________ and capture stunning images that showcased her talent. Amanda报名参加了摄影课，目的是提升自己的技能并追求自己的热情。通过她的努力和决心，她实现了自己的目标，并拍摄出展示她才华的精彩照片。 With the purpose of making friends for the purpose of achieve her purpose 课时作业（一） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·马鞍山模拟)If you're looking for new headphones and want to try something different, House of Marley could be a good choice for you.As a company created by the Marley family to carry on Bob Marley's love for both music and the planet, the company creates attractive and timeless products that are good for the earth.Today we tried out a new type of over-car headphone which you could get with high quality at a really fair price. Battery Offering 32 hours of playback with noise canceling turned off, and 26 hours turned on, the headphones will get you through several days of listening to good music without charging the batteries.You can use them longer if you put them on airplane mode.And the quick-charge technology will allow you to enjoy a two-hour playback after just 15 minutes of charging. Sound The most important thing here is the sound.It has a lot of sound quality for you to choose from, with clear sound that will sound great on a classical track.You can also design the sound to your liking on the app. Material Made of wood and reusable aluminum (铝), the headphones weigh quite a bit but it's not to say that they're uncomfortable.The special ear pads (衬垫) fit around the ears closely, and the underside of the headband also has lots of soft pads so you can't feel uncomfortable even after hours of listening. Costs: RRP ￡199. If over-ear headphones aren't your thing, you can't go wrong with our other excellent products. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款新型头戴式耳机。 1．Which of the following can best describe the products of House of Marley? A．Beautiful.　　 B．Traditional. C．World-famous. D．Environmentally friendly. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“the company creates attractive and timeless products that are good for the earth”可知，House of Marley的产品是环保的、对环境有益的。 √ 2．What is special about the new type of headphone? A．It has long battery life. B．It works best in airplane mode. C．It can be fully charged in 15 minutes. D．It can recognize environmental noise easily. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“the headphones will get you through several days of listening to good music without charging the batteries”可知，这款新型耳机的特别之处在于它的电池寿命很长。 √ 3．Why are there many soft pads in the headphone? A．To make the headphones unbreakable. B．To make the headphones look beautiful. C．To make people feel physically comfortable. D．To improve the sound quality of headphones. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“the headband also has lots of soft pads so you can't feel uncomfortable even after hours of listening”可知，这款耳机有许多软垫是为了让人们佩戴起来感觉更舒适。 √ B (2025· 聊城模拟)College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award.The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize.But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue has ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country's top engineering schools and will graduate soon.Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology.These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity.Of course，“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It's truly a game changer！” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes.The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey's words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology.With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change.By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it's clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition.It took a few days for him to process the news, and he is already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people，” he added.“This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾学生Carvey Ehren Maigue凭借AuREUS系统技术在James Dyson可持续发展大奖赛中脱颖而出的故事。 4．What is the function of the second paragraph? A．To offer background information about Carvey. B．To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C．To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D．To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue has ultimately won — for good reason！”以及第二段可知，本段的功能是解释为什么Carvey能够赢得比赛。 √ 5．What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A．Its sustainability. B．Its high technology. C．Its new materials. D．Its effective use. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose”可知，AuREUS环保且耐用的特点使它符合比赛的宗旨，由此可知，是可持续性使它脱颖而出。 √ 6．What can we learn about AuREUS? A．It can detect some food waste. B．It may promote crop production. C．It is mainly meant for farmers. D．It can make waste advantageous. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.”可知，这种技术可以对遭受了自然灾害影响的农作物加以循环利用，将它们转化为新的能源。 √ 7．Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A．Positive and hotheaded. B．Hard-working and humble. C．Helpful and persistent. D．Broad-minded and accessible. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，Carvey是一个乐于助人且坚持不懈的人。 √ Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·成都模拟)China is once more at the forefront of scientific research and creation.In the field of artificial solar energy, Chinese scientists 1 (take) some exciting steps forward in the past few years. They have made an exact copy of the energy-generating (产生) process of the Sun 2 (successful) in an extremely large piece of equipment in Hefei, China, 3 was called an “artificial sun”．The generation of artificial solar energy works by “fusing” (熔化) together atoms. This process gives off heat, but there 4 (be) no radioactive waste formed.On the other hand, as is well-known, traditional nuclear power plants generate energy by splitting atoms quickly, 5 (result) in harmful waste at the same time.So compared with it, artificial solar energy could potentially offer a 6 (clean) way of providing power for the future, and help address the pressing problem of climate change.The heat 7 (produce) by the artificial sun reached about 100 million degrees Celsius. While controlling and containing such a huge amount of heat for a long time is not yet possible and 8 present, the high temperature can only be kept for about 103 seconds, it is already 9 huge step forward. The new scientific 10 (achieve), it is hoped, can help make the world a safer and better place for everyone going into the future. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家创造的“人造太阳”装置及其对环境的益处。 1．have taken　考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，应使用现在完成时，且主语是Chinese scientists，故填have taken。 2．successfully　考查副词。此处应使用副词修饰谓语动词have made，表示“成功复制了太阳产生能量的过程”。故填successfully。 3．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的先行词equipment，并在句中作主语，故填which。 4．is　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，这里讲的是人造太阳的工作原理，应用一般现在时；本句属于there be句型，且主语是radioactive waste，表单数概念，故填is。 5．resulting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填resulting。 6．cleaner　考查形容词比较级。根据上文中 “compared with it”以及句意可知，这里是人造太阳能与传统核电相比，应使用形容词比较级。故填cleaner。 7．produced　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词reached，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词The heat，且两者之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式。故填produced。 8．at　考查介词。at present表示“现在，目前”，是固定短语。故填at。 9．a　考查冠词。本空后面的step是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且huge以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a，表示“这是一个巨大的进步”。 10．achievement　考查名词。本空前面是修饰语The new scientific，后面是插入语it is hoped，而句子的谓语动词是can help，所以空处应用名词achievement作主语。 $$