Unit 1 Relationships过去完成时（单元核心语法精练） 英语北师大版2019选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 Relationships 核心语法精练（过去完成时） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、直接引语变间接引语 (同义句转换) 7 三、完成句子 13 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 16 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 16 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 18 1、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 第一组 1.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow). 2.In the 1950s in the USA, most families have just one phone at home and wireless phones (invent) yet. 3.If the new safety system (put) to use, the the accident would never have happened. 4.I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 5.Amy as well as her brothers (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 6.On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. 7. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; her child (eat) everything. 8.We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody (break) into the office during the night. 9.Peter (intend) to take a job in business, but something unexpected happened. 10.More patients (treat) in hospital in time before further steps were taken. 11.Instead of getting down to a new test as I (expect), he examined the precious work again. 12.A few months after her had arrived in China, Mr Smith (fall) in love with people and culture there. 13.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it. 14.The bridge (build) by the end of last year. 15.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. 16.They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. 17.When I arrived at the station, he (leave). 18.If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 19.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (carry) out in the past two years. 20.After we (have) our tests , we had a holiday. 21.At a young age, he (move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona. 22.It (rain) at that time and the streets were full of holes which were full of water. 23.I just graduated from West Coast University. I (receive) job skill training just before that, but I had never worked. 24.The full railway, which includes 72­kilometer section through Beijing, (complete) in four and a half years. 25.We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them. 26.It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent (need). 27.The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. 28.It was the fourth time she (shop) online for hours. I had already reminded her to think twice before buying anything, but my wife ignored what I had said. 29.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also (give) us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 30.The reason for this is that Britain’s supermarkets (experience) huge changes in the past decades. 第二组 1.The effectiveness of this medicine (evaluate) by these scientists the other day. 2.One of her cousins was (shoot) dead only a few streets away from where she lived. 3.David is one of those students who (praise) by the headmaster yesterday. 4.Jenny, along with two boys in our school, (invite)  to London to attend an international meeting the other day. 5.Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.” 6.Many a student (delay) at the airport, otherwise they would have arrived by lunchtime. 7.It is difficult to estimate the total value of what (steal). 8.I (appoint) to monitor the business in that branch of our factory last week. 9.To my father’s joy, one of his students (admit) to Beijing University last year. 10.The parts of a museum open to the public (call) galleries or rooms. 11.About 30 percent of the land (cover) in forest. 12.Every year, the moment I get on the train, I (surround) by Shanxi accents. 13.The Mid-Autumn Festival (celebrate) on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. 14.The fact is that a great deal of time (take) up by various activities and we’re facing a tight schedule. 15.The night sky (spot) with stars. 16.Smoking (forbid) during office hours. 17.In regular classes these children (hold) back in their intellectual(智力的)growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children. 18.Prices (mark) on the goods. 19.The GPNP (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems”. 20.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 21.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 22.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 23.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years. 24.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 25.On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. 26.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 27.Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. 28.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 29.Fast food (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 30.When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 31.Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 32.Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. 33.But at the moment, school (come) first. 34.Recent years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 35.In recent years, they (reflect) people’s wishes and faiths. 36.Many new tough problems (arise) since they came to America. 37.Many parts of China (see) very heavy rainfall in the past few days. 38.In the past decades, some number plates (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. 39.The unemployment rate in this district (fall) from 6% to 5% since two years ago. 40.It is the third time that you (be) late this month. 二、直接引语变间接引语 (同义句转换) 1．“How much have we spent on petrol this year?” Susan asked her husband.（直接引语变成间接引语） →Susan asked her husband how much they spent on petrol last year. 2．Our teacher said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”（直接引语变成间接引语） →Our teacher said that light much faster than sound. 3．I told Mary, “We will protect you from infection.”  (句型转换，直接引语变成间接引语) 4．She said to me, “They want to decrease the amount of fat they eat.” (句型转换，直接引语变成间接引语) 5．“Give me another piece of cake, please. ”he said to her.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →He her give him another piece of cake. 36．The teacher said, “You should keep on doing it.”（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →The teacher suggested I on   doing it. 7．“Let's have supper now. ”he said.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →He us to have supper . 8．“Let me stay up a little longer tonight, mother.” he  begged.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →He his mother let him stay  up a little longer that night. 9．“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?” Bill asked. (同义句转换) →Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad. 10．He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.” (同义句转换) →He again 11．“Go to the front at once!” the officer said to the soldiers. (改为间接引语) →The officer the soldiers the front at once. 12．The policeman said to the thief, “Freeze!” (改为间接引语) →The policeman the thief . 13．She said to me, “I lived here five years ago.” (同义句转换) →She told me she had lived five years . 14．He said to me, “You are wrong.” (同义句转换) →He told me that was wrong. 15．“Are you a soldier?” he asked. (同义句转换) →He asked if/whether was a soldier. 16．“I will come here again today,” she said. (同义句转换) →She said that would go there again that day. 17．The teacher said, “You are doing OK.” （同义句转换） →The teacher said that doing OK. 18．He said, “I have written a novel.” (同义句转换) →He said that a novel. 19．The teacher said, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” （同义句转换） →The teacher said that where there a will, there a way. 20．“I will come and help you tomorrow, Mary,” she said. (同义句转换) →She told Mary that she would and help her . 21．“I’ll come and see you again this evening, Tom,” he said. (同义句转换) →He told Tom that he would go and see him again 22．Mr Green asked, “Jack, have you passed the exam yesterday?” (同义句转换) →Mr Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam . 23．“I will come and see you again this evening, Tom.” she said. (同义句转换) →She told Tom that would go and see again that evening. 24．The candidate said to the manager, “Please give me five minutes for preparation.” (改为间接引语) 25．I said to him, “Be quiet and leave me alone.”(变成间接引语) I him be quiet and leave me alone. 26．He said, “I am proud of my motherland.” (改为间接引语) →He said that was proud of his motherland. 27．John said, “I wrote back telling him about it yesterday.” (改为间接引语) →John said that he had written back telling him about it . 28．“Come at five o'clock，”she said to him.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →She him come at five o'clock. 29．Mother said to her daughter, “Hurry up！”（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →Mother her daughter hurry up. 30．“Don't swim too far，” I said to the boys.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →I the boys to swim too far. 三、完成句子 1. 这是我第一次躺在星空下，只有微风陪伴着我们。(it is/ was the first time that句型；with复合结构) ________________ beneath the stars, ________________ us. 2. 我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger, with my hands trembling, ________________. 3. I ________________(intend) to see you yesterday, but I had an important meeting to attend. 昨天我本打算去看望你的，但我有一个重要会议需要参加。 4. 国王突然想到他将石头放在路中央很长时间却无人移走，这让他陷入了绝望。 ________________ he ________________ in the middle of the road for a long time and no one had moved it, ________________. 5. 他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。 Since 1958 he ________________ aerospace science and research and ________________ the cause of China’s aerospace. 6. 汤姆原本打算参加聚会，但他另有事务缠身。 Tom ________________ the party, but he was otherwise engaged.(intend) 7. 我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。 I ________________ you the dictionary yesterday, but I forgot to bring it here. 8. 我本打算要去参加那个聚会的，但是我不得不先完成那个讨厌的论文。 I ________ ________ to go to your party, but I had to finish that tiresome paper. 9. 医生告诉我，我的膝伤已经康复，或许可以进行一些适度的锻炼。 My doctor told me I ________________ my knee injury and could possibly take some moderate exercise.(recover) 10. 会议结束时，她已经专心起草提案超过三个小时了。 By the time the meeting ended, she ________ ________ ________ ________ drafting the proposal for over three hours. 11. 他戴着一块曾祖父传下来的手表，表上的划痕诉说着过去的故事。 He wore a watch that ________ ________ ________ ________ from his great-grandfather, its scratches telling stories of the past. 12. 因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也感到很兴奋。(it is/ was+ the first time that…) As ________________ Father cook food outdoors, my elder brother and I also felt thrilled. C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins ____1_____ I left school, but I often think about him. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things __2___ seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket! It was great fun. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a __3___ (present) to the class. I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour. Once I caught him and his friends __4___ (see) who could jump the farthest off the school stage. But when he got interested, he changed. I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing __5___ a good or a bad student. Look at Graham! I knew I ___6___ (choose) a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. My phone and laptop are never out of touching distance. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate ___7___ online. Yet the truth of the matter is: I feel lonely. I’m barely the only person ___8___ feels this way. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always ____9___ (distract). ____10____ is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey. 2. Extended reading A Thanksgiving Day story in the newspaper told of a school teacher who asked her class of first graders to draw a picture of something they were thankful for. She thought of how little these children from poor neighborhood 1 (actual) had to be thankful for. But she knew that most of them would draw pictures of turkeys or tables full 2 food. The teacher was taken back with the picture Douglas handed in — a small childishly (稚嫩的) hand! But whose hand? The class was 3 (puzzle) by the abstract drawing. “I think it must be the hand of God 4 brings us food, said one child. “A farmer,” said another, “because he 5 (feed) the turkeys. ”Finally, when the others were at work, the teacher bent over at Douglas’ desk, 6 (ask) whose hand it was. “It’s your hand, Teacher,” he said in a low voice. She remembered that frequently at break she had taken Douglas, 7 small lonely child by the hand. She often did that with the 8 (child). But it meant so much to Douglas. Perhaps this was everyone’s Thanksgiving, not for the material things 9 (give) to us but for the chance to give to others in 10 (what) small way. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A (2025届江苏省南通市崇川区高三上学期第一次调研)A unique food trend has recently gained 1 (popular) among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and affordable way 2 (enjoy) delicious food while also reducing food waste. So far this concept 3 (attract) the attention of many curious young individuals. The concept of “leftover food blind boxes” 4 (originate) abroad, specifically from an app called Too Good To Go that started in Denmark in 2015. Its goal is to fight against food waste by offering surplus (剩余的) unsold food from nearby stores and restaurants 5 a reduced price. Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad 6 shared their experiences, Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea, 7 (lead) to similar operations in major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Chengdu. The operational methods of the “leftover food blind box” model can vary between stores. Some boxes contain pre-packed meals 8 (base) on a store’s sales before the evening, while others allow 9 (customer) to choose from what still remains in the store around closing time. However, the latter option is less common. The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding 10 element of surprise to the dining experience. B (2026届四川省绵阳南山中学高三“零诊”模拟)Eight Treasures Duck, a classic dish from Jiangsu cuisine, 11 (have) a history of over 300 years. It gets 12 (it) name from the eight ingredients stuffed inside — glutinous rice, chestnuts, and dried fruits, 13 give the dish a rich, sweet flavor.​ 14 making this dish, chefs first clean a whole duck and remove its bones, keeping the skin intact. The duck 15 (stuff) with the eight treasures, then sewn up and braised (焖煮) slowly in soy sauce. The process, 16 takes several hours, requires patience and skill.​ In the past, Eight Treasures Duck 17 (serve) only on important occasions like weddings. Today, it is 18 (easy) to find in restaurants, yet still carries a sense of celebration. Many families enjoy it during the Lunar New Year, as the duck’s round shape symbolizes 19 (harmonious) and unity.​ 20 (compare) to other duck dishes, it stands out for its combination of savory and sweet tastes. Each bite tells a story of traditional cooking wisdom passed down through generations.​ C (山西省2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次大联考)A band 21 (consist) of Shanshan, a Danish girl and a group of Chinese gods of thunder perform a rock concert in Copenhagen, the city of fairy tales. They are brought together by a talking cat, who leads Shanshan into the Danish National Museum where she gets lost inside an ancient Chinese scroll. Shanshan helps the Chinese gods find their lost drum in Copenhagen, and the gods help Shanshan realise her music dreams. This is the 22 (recent) published Copenhagen Scroll by award-winning Chinese comic book artist Nie Jun. Born in 1975 in Xining, capital of Qinghai Province, Nie 23 (move) to Qingdao when he was a teenager, before studying at Chinese Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing. 24 (base) on what he saw and heard in the old courtyards of Beijing, his award-winning graphic novel My Beijing: Four Stories of Everyday Wonder (2018) tells of disabled girl Yu’er who cannot walk and dreams of becoming a swimmer at the Special Olympics. It has won several 25 (award). In 2024, Nie Jun 26 (inspire) to create Shanshan’s story by a Chinese scroll dating back 27 1596 in the Danish National Museum’s collection called The Thunder Department Goes on Out on Inspection, painted by royal artists at the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). In 28 interview, Nie said he felt that comic books can show the softer side of different countries. “I hope this comic book, 29 tells a story about something happening in the kingdom of fairy tales, would bring every ‘odd child’, including me, 30 (happy).” 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Relationships 核心语法精练（过去完成时） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、直接引语变间接引语 (同义句转换) 7 三、完成句子 13 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 16 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 16 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 18 1、 单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 第一组 1.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow). 2.In the 1950s in the USA, most families have just one phone at home and wireless phones (invent) yet. 3.If the new safety system (put) to use, the the accident would never have happened. 4.I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 5.Amy as well as her brothers (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 6.On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. 7. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; her child (eat) everything. 8.We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody (break) into the office during the night. 9.Peter (intend) to take a job in business, but something unexpected happened. 10.More patients (treat) in hospital in time before further steps were taken. 11.Instead of getting down to a new test as I (expect), he examined the precious work again. 12.A few months after her had arrived in China, Mr Smith (fall) in love with people and culture there. 13.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it. 14.The bridge (build) by the end of last year. 15.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. 16.They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. 17.When I arrived at the station, he (leave). 18.If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 19.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (carry) out in the past two years. 20.After we (have) our tests , we had a holiday. 21.At a young age, he (move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona. 22.It (rain) at that time and the streets were full of holes which were full of water. 23.I just graduated from West Coast University. I (receive) job skill training just before that, but I had never worked. 24.The full railway, which includes 72­kilometer section through Beijing, (complete) in four and a half years. 25.We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them. 26.It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent (need). 27.The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. 28.It was the fourth time she (shop) online for hours. I had already reminded her to think twice before buying anything, but my wife ignored what I had said. 29.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also (give) us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 30.The reason for this is that Britain’s supermarkets (experience) huge changes in the past decades. 1.答案：was being followed 解析：根据语境，他 “从未回头看是否被跟踪”，强调过去某时正在进行的被动动作，用过去进行时的被动语态。 2.答案：had not been invented 解析：yet 提示用完成时态，且 “无线电话未被发明” 发生在过去（1950s）的过去，用过去完成时的被动语态。 3.答案：had been put 解析：虚拟语气，与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时，且 system 与 put 是被动关系。 4.答案：was driving 解析：when 引导时间状语从句，主句表示 “正在开车” 时突然发现走错路，用过去进行时。 5.答案：was given 解析：as well as 连接主语时，谓语与前面的 Amy 保持一致，且 last week 提示用一般过去时的被动语态。 6.答案：were invited 解析：根据时间状语 on the last day，动作发生在过去，且 we 与 invite 是被动关系。 7.答案：had eaten 解析：“孩子吃完所有东西” 发生在 “她发现冰箱空了” 之前，即 “过去的过去”，用过去完成时。 8.答案：had broken 解析：break into the office 发生在 arrived 之前，属于 “过去的过去”，用过去完成时。 9.答案：had intended 解析：intend to do sth. 发生在 “意外发生” 之前，表 “原本打算”，用过去完成时。 10.答案：had been treated 解析：“更多病人被及时治疗” 发生在 further steps were taken 之前，用过去完成时的被动语态。 11.答案：had expected 解析：“我原本期望” 发生在 “他再次检查作品” 之前，用过去完成时。 12.答案：fell 解析：after 引导时间状语从句，主句表示 “史密斯先生爱上那里的人和文化”，用一般过去时。 13.答案：had hoped 解析：hope to do sth. 发生在 “没能做到” 之前，表 “原本希望”，用过去完成时。 14.答案：had been built 解析：by the end of last year 提示用过去完成时，且 bridge 与 build 是被动关系。 15.答案：had been trapped 解析：“被困在山中两天” 发生在 “救援人员营救” 之前，用过去完成时的被动语态。 16.答案：had driven 解析：虚拟语气，与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时。 17.答案：had left 解析：“他离开” 发生在 “我到达” 之前，用过去完成时。 18.答案：had caught 解析：虚拟语气，与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时。 19.答案：had been carried 解析：“发展计划被执行” 发生在 “我上个月去看” 之前，用过去完成时的被动语态。 20.答案：had had 解析：“考完试” 发生在 “放假” 之前，用过去完成时。 21.答案：moved 解析：and 连接两个并列动作，根据 now plays 可知前半句用一般过去时。 22.答案：was raining 解析：at that time 提示用过去进行时，表 “当时正在下雨”。 23.答案：had received 解析：receive job skill training 发生在 graduated 之前，用过去完成时。 24.答案：will be completed 解析：in four and a half years 提示用一般将来时，且 railway 与 complete 是被动关系。 25.答案：have reduced 解析：in recent years 提示用现在完成时，表 “近年来已减少排放”。 26.答案：is needed 解析：not only...but also 连接主语时，谓语与靠近的 natural talent 保持一致，且 talent 与 need 是被动关系。 27.答案：be imagined 解析：couldn’t 后接动词原形，且 beauty 与 imagine 是被动关系。 28.答案：had been shopping 解析：It was the fourth time that... 句型中，从句用过去完成时，且 for hours 提示用完成进行时。 29.答案：gives 解析：not only...but also 连接两个并列谓语，与 makes 保持一致，用第三人称单数。 30.答案：have experienced 解析：in the past decades 提示用现在完成时，表 “过去几十年经历了巨大变化”。 第二组 1.The effectiveness of this medicine (evaluate) by these scientists the other day. 2.One of her cousins was (shoot) dead only a few streets away from where she lived. 3.David is one of those students who (praise) by the headmaster yesterday. 4.Jenny, along with two boys in our school, (invite)  to London to attend an international meeting the other day. 5.Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.” 6.Many a student (delay) at the airport, otherwise they would have arrived by lunchtime. 7.It is difficult to estimate the total value of what (steal). 8.I (appoint) to monitor the business in that branch of our factory last week. 9.To my father’s joy, one of his students (admit) to Beijing University last year. 10.The parts of a museum open to the public (call) galleries or rooms. 11.About 30 percent of the land (cover) in forest. 12.Every year, the moment I get on the train, I (surround) by Shanxi accents. 13.The Mid-Autumn Festival (celebrate) on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. 14.The fact is that a great deal of time (take) up by various activities and we’re facing a tight schedule. 15.The night sky (spot) with stars. 16.Smoking (forbid) during office hours. 17.In regular classes these children (hold) back in their intellectual(智力的)growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children. 18.Prices (mark) on the goods. 19.The GPNP (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems”. 20.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 21.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 22.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 23.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years. 24.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 25.On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. 26.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 27.Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. 28.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 29.Fast food (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 30.When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 31.Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 32.Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. 33.But at the moment, school (come) first. 34.Recent years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 35.In recent years, they (reflect) people’s wishes and faiths. 36.Many new tough problems (arise) since they came to America. 37.Many parts of China (see) very heavy rainfall in the past few days. 38.In the past decades, some number plates (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. 39.The unemployment rate in this district (fall) from 6% to 5% since two years ago. 40.It is the third time that you (be) late this month. 答案： 1-10 was evaluated, shot, were praised, was invited, was painted, was delayed, was stolen, was appointed, was admitted, are called 11-20 is covered, am surrounded, is celebrated, is taken, is spotted, is forbidden, are held, are marked, is designed, have reported 21-30 are, declared, have made, recommeded, were invited, is, has grown, started, is, are removed, 31-40 were used, was told, comes, have seen, have reflected, have arisen, have seen, have become, has fallen 二、直接引语变间接引语 (同义句转换) 1．“How much have we spent on petrol this year?” Susan asked her husband.（直接引语变成间接引语） →Susan asked her husband how much they spent on petrol last year. 2．Our teacher said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”（直接引语变成间接引语） →Our teacher said that light much faster than sound. 3．I told Mary, “We will protect you from infection.”  (句型转换，直接引语变成间接引语) 4．She said to me, “They want to decrease the amount of fat they eat.” (句型转换，直接引语变成间接引语) 5．“Give me another piece of cake, please. ”he said to her.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →He her give him another piece of cake. 36．The teacher said, “You should keep on doing it.”（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →The teacher suggested I on   doing it. 7．“Let's have supper now. ”he said.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →He us to have supper . 8．“Let me stay up a little longer tonight, mother.” he  begged.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →He his mother let him stay  up a little longer that night. 9．“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?” Bill asked. (同义句转换) →Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad. 10．He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.” (同义句转换) →He again 11．“Go to the front at once!” the officer said to the soldiers. (改为间接引语) →The officer the soldiers the front at once. 12．The policeman said to the thief, “Freeze!” (改为间接引语) →The policeman the thief . 13．She said to me, “I lived here five years ago.” (同义句转换) →She told me she had lived five years . 14．He said to me, “You are wrong.” (同义句转换) →He told me that was wrong. 15．“Are you a soldier?” he asked. (同义句转换) →He asked if/whether was a soldier. 16．“I will come here again today,” she said. (同义句转换) →She said that would go there again that day. 17．The teacher said, “You are doing OK.” （同义句转换） →The teacher said that doing OK. 18．He said, “I have written a novel.” (同义句转换) →He said that a novel. 19．The teacher said, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” （同义句转换） →The teacher said that where there a will, there a way. 20．“I will come and help you tomorrow, Mary,” she said. (同义句转换) →She told Mary that she would and help her . 21．“I’ll come and see you again this evening, Tom,” he said. (同义句转换) →He told Tom that he would go and see him again 22．Mr Green asked, “Jack, have you passed the exam yesterday?” (同义句转换) →Mr Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam . 23．“I will come and see you again this evening, Tom.” she said. (同义句转换) →She told Tom that would go and see again that evening. 24．The candidate said to the manager, “Please give me five minutes for preparation.” (改为间接引语) 25．I said to him, “Be quiet and leave me alone.”(变成间接引语) I him be quiet and leave me alone. 26．He said, “I am proud of my motherland.” (改为间接引语) →He said that was proud of his motherland. 27．John said, “I wrote back telling him about it yesterday.” (改为间接引语) →John said that he had written back telling him about it . 28．“Come at five o'clock，”she said to him.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →She him come at five o'clock. 29．Mother said to her daughter, “Hurry up！”（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →Mother her daughter hurry up. 30．“Don't swim too far，” I said to the boys.（把下列直接引语变成间接引语） →I the boys to swim too far. 【答案和解析】 1．had 【详解】考查直接引语变成间接引语。句意：苏珊问她的丈夫去年他们在汽油上花了多少钱。直接引语是特殊疑问句要变成间接引语时，直接用原来特殊疑问词引导从句，疑问语序变成陈述语序；直接引语变间接引语，直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变间接引语要和主句的主语保持一致；直接引语变间接引语时，时态需要根据主句发生变化，此处主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去完成时。故填had。 2．travels 【详解】考查直接引语变成间接引语。句意：我们老师说光比声音传播得快得多。直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语为客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填travels。 3．I told Mary we would protect her from infection. 【详解】考查直接引语变成间接引语。句意：我告诉玛丽我们会保护她不受感染。直接引语中出现的第二人称代词要按照引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称；且直接引语的一般将来时，在间接引语中要用过去将来时。故转换为I told Mary we would protect her from infection. 4．She told me that they wanted to decrease the amount of fat they ate. 【详解】考查直接引语变成间接引语。句意：她告诉我，他们想减少脂肪的摄入量。直接引语变成间接引语时，直接引语出现的第三人称代词一般不需要变化；直接引语中的一般现在时，在间接引语中需用一般过去时。故转换为She told me that they wanted to decrease the amount of fat they ate. 5． asked; to 【详解】祈使句的直接引语变间接引句，可转化为动词加宾语加宾语补足语的形式，根据语境可知是要求，因此此题可转化asked her to give him。故填 asked; to 。 6． should keep 【详解】根据语境可知此句是建议，是跟在suggest 后的宾语从句，因此从句要用虚拟语气，虚拟的形式为should do。故填should；keep。 7． ordered; then 【详解】祈使句的直接引语变间接引句，可转化为动词加宾语加宾语补足语的形式，根据语境可知是命令，因此此题可转化ordered us to have supper。now要改为then。故填ordered; then。 8． begged; to 【详解】祈使句的直接引语变间接引句，可转化为动词加宾语加宾语补足语的形式，根据语境可知是请求，因此此题可转化beg his mother to let him stay up。故填begged; to。 9． where I had found 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：“你在哪里找到国外工作的广告？”比尔问道。分析句子可知，句子要求我们进行同义句转换，即将直接引语变间接引语，句子为宾语从句，原句为特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词“where”不变，用来引导从句，从句要用陈述语气，首先变主语，第二人称“you”变为第一人称“I”，其次变时态，一般过去时变为过去完成时，谓语动词为“had done”，“find”的过去分词为“found”，故空格处应填“where I had found”。故答案是where I had found。 10． asked/told/ordered me to go there the next/following day 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：他让我第二天再去那里。直接引语祈使句变间接引语，把原来的said (to sb.)变成asked/told/ordered，其句式为ask/tell/order sb. (not) to do sth.，其对应的人称、时间状语、地点状语按要求作出相应的变化，将come改为go，将here改为there，将tomorrow改为the next/following day，故填①asked/told/ordered ②me ③to ④go ⑤there ⑥the ⑦next/following ⑧day。 11． ordered to go to 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：这个军官对士兵们说立刻去前线。祈使句变间接引语，通常把祈使句变成不定式，并将主句主语变成ask/order/tell等，根据句意，此处用order，原句是一般过去时，应用一般过去时。故填①ordered；②to；③go；④to。 12． ordered to freeze 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：警察命令那个贼不要动。直接引语如是祈使句，变间接引语时，须将祈使句变为动词不定式，并在动词不定式前用tell, ask, order等，根据句意，警察是对那个贼下命令，故空一用order，原句主句是一般过去时，故填ordered。空二三填to freeze。故答案是：①ordered②to③freeze。 13． there before 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：她告诉我她五年前住在那里。直接引语陈述句变间接引语，将地点副词here改为there，将时间副词ago改为before，故填①there ②before。 14．I 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：他告诉我我错了。直接引语陈述句变间接引语，直接引语中的第二人称You，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称I，故填I。 15．I 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：他问我是不是士兵。直接引语一般疑问句变间接引语，直接引语中的第二人称you，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称I。故填I。 16．she 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：她说她那天会再去那里。直接引语陈述句变间接引语，直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，故填she。 17． we were 【详解】考查宾语从句，时态和主谓一致。句意：老师说我们做得不错。句子转换为that引导的宾语从句，由said可知，时态用一般过去时，上一句的You换为we，其后be动词用were，因此空格处是we were，故填we，were。 18． he had written 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：他说：“我写了一本小说。”分析句子可知，句子要求我们进行同义句转换，即将直接引语变间接引语，句子为“that”引导的宾语从句，原句为陈述句，首先变主语，第一人称“I”变为第三人称“he”，其次变时态，现在完成时变为过去完成时，谓语动词为“had done”，故空格处应填“he had written”。故填①he② had ③written。 19． is is 【详解】考查时态。句意：老师说，“有志者事竟成”。分析句子可知，原句用的是直接引语，同义句转换为间接引语，但是“Where there is a will, there is a way.”为谚语，转换为间接引语时时态不变，所以第一空填is，第二空填is。故填①is ②is。 20． go the next/following day 【详解】考查间接引语和时态。句意：她告诉玛丽第二天她会去帮助她。直接引语陈述句变间接引语，如果直接引语用一般将来时，间接引语就用过去将来时（would do），将come改为go，且将tomorrow改为the next/following day。故填①go ②the ③next/following ④day。 21． that evening 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：“汤姆，今天晚上我还会来看你的，”他说。分析句子可知，句子要求我们进行同义句转换，即将直接引语变间接引语，句子为“that”引导的宾语从句，原句为陈述句，需要我们变换时间状语“this evening”，“this evening”应该转换为“that evening”。故答案是that evening。 22． the day before 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：格林先生问杰克前一天是否通过了考试。直接引语陈述句变间接引语，将时间状语yesterday变为the day before，故填①the ②day ③before。 23． she him 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：“汤姆，今天晚上我还会来看你的。”她说。分析句子可知，句子要将直接引语变间接引语，句子为“that”引导的宾语从句，原句为陈述句，首先变主语，根据主句主语“She”可知，第一人称“I”变为第三人称“she”，其次变人称代词“you”，根据句中“Tom”可知，第二人称“you”变为第三人称“him”，作宾语。故答案是she; him。 24．The candidate asked the manager to give him/her five minutes for preparation. 【详解】考查直接引语改为间接引语。句意：候选人对经理说：“请给我五分钟准备。”改为间接引语，直接引语为祈使句时say to要改为tell/ask/order等词，引号里的祈使句要用tell/ask/order sb. to do sth.结构转变。时态保持不变，用一般过去时，所以改为The candidate asked the manager to give him/her five minutes for preparation。故改为：The candidate asked the manager to give him/her five minutes for preparation. 25． told/asked to 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：（直接引语）我对他说：“安静，别来烦我。”（间接引语）我叫他安静点，别来烦我。分析可知，直接引语“Be quiet and leave me alone”是祈使句，转换成间接引语时为句式结构：主语+动词ask/tell +复合宾语（名/代词+动词不定式），结合直接引语动词“said”可知，应是一般过去时，即，“I told/asked him to be quiet and leave me alone”。故答案为①told/asked；②to。 26．he 【详解】考查人称代词。句意：他说他为他的祖国感到骄傲。在直接引语和间接引语的相互转换中，如果直接引语中的人称为第一人称，变为间接引语时，就要将它变为与主句主语相一致的人称，结合He可知，用主格人称代词he。故填he。 27．the day before 【详解】考查时间状语。句意：约翰说他前一天已经回信告诉他了。直接引语变间接引语时，有些时间状语根据情况也要相应的改动，将yesterday改为the day before。故填the day before。 28． told； to 【详解】祈使句的直接引语变间接引句，可转化为动词加宾语加宾语补足语的形式，根据语境可知此处表示她告知他5点到达，因此此题可转化told him to come。故填 told； to。 29． ordered; to 【详解】祈使句的直接引语变间接引句，可转化为动词加宾语加宾语补足语的形式，根据语境可知是命令，因此此题可转化ordered her daughter to hurry up。故填ordered; to。 30． ordered； not 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：我对男孩们说：“不要游得太快！”。祈使句的直接引语变间接引句，可转化为动词加宾语加宾语补足语的形式，根据语境可知是命令，因此此题可转化order sb. not to do“命令某人不要做某事”，根据said可知为一般过去时。故填ordered； not。 三、完成句子 1. 这是我第一次躺在星空下，只有微风陪伴着我们。(it is/ was the first time that句型；with复合结构) ________________ beneath the stars, ________________ us. 【答案】It was the first time that I had lain; with only the breeze accompanying 【详解】考查固定句型和with复合结构。根据句意，第一空表示“这是我第一次躺”为固定句型“it is/ was the first time that”，结合句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，be动词为was，从句使用过去完成时，表示“躺”为lie，所以从句的谓语动词为had lain，位于句首单词首字母需大写，第一空为It was the first time that I had lain；第二空表示“只有微风陪伴”使用with复合结构，表示“只有微风”为only the breeze作宾语，表示“陪伴”为accompany，与宾语为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式accompanying，第二空为with only the breeze accompanying。故填①It was the first time that I had lain; ②with only the breeze accompanying。 2. 我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger, with my hands trembling, ________________. 【答案】since he had told me a lie 【详解】考查原因状语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“因为他向我撒谎了”，“因为”用since引导原因状语从句，“向我撒谎”是tell me a lie，“撒谎”发生在boiled with anger之前，因此用过去完成时，表示过去的过去发生的动作，因此空格处是since he had told me a lie。故填since he had told me a lie。 3. I ________________(intend) to see you yesterday, but I had an important meeting to attend. 昨天我本打算去看望你的，但我有一个重要会议需要参加。 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“本打算”，“打算”是intend，“打算”的动作发生在had之前，had是一般过去时，因此空格处用过去完成时，即had intended。故填had intended。 4. 国王突然想到他将石头放在路中央很长时间却无人移走，这让他陷入了绝望。 ________________ he ________________ in the middle of the road for a long time and no one had moved it, ________________. 【答案】It suddenly occurred to the king that; had placed the stone; which made him fall into despair 【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和固定短语。根据句意，第一空表示“某人突然想到……”常用句型“It occurs to sb. that...”，这里描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为occurred，“国王”是“the king”，所以第一空为It suddenly occurred to the king that；第二空表示“将石头放……”用“place the stone”，根据语境，“放石头”这个动作发生在“无人移走”之前，是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时“had +过去分词”，所以第二空为had placed the stone；第三空表示“这让他陷入了绝望”，这里“这”指代前面整个句子的内容，此处可使用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用关系代词which，“使某人陷入……”可以为“make sb. +do”结构，“陷入绝望”可以为fall into despair，结合语境，此处使用一般过去时，所以定语从句的谓语动词为made，第三空为which made him fall into despair。故填①It suddenly occurred to the king that; ②had placed the stone; ③which made him fall into despair。 5. 他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。 Since 1958 he ________________ aerospace science and research and ________________ the cause of China’s aerospace. 【答案】had been devoted to; made great contributions to 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据汉语提示可知，陈述过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。“献身于”为“be devoted to”。“做出巨大的贡献”可用固定短语make contributions to。make需要过去分词，和前文中的助动词had构成过去完成时，是并列的谓语动词。“巨大的”可用形容词great，修饰名词contributions。故填had been devoted to ；made great contributions to。 6. 汤姆原本打算参加聚会，但他另有事务缠身。 Tom ________________ the party, but he was otherwise engaged.(intend) 【答案】intended to have attended/ had intended to attend 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“原本打算做某事”用intend to have done sth.，表示过去本应该发生但实际上没有发生的动作，且“打算”这一动作发生在过去，谓语用过去式intended；表示“参加”用attend，所以用intended to have attended。或者：Tom被告知或意识到自己有其他事情要做(这个过去的时间点)之前，他已经有了参加派对的意图，时态用过去完成时，表示“原本打算做某事”用had intended to do sth.，所以用had intended to attend。故填intended to have attended或had intended to attend。 7. 我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。 I ________________ you the dictionary yesterday, but I forgot to bring it here. 【答案】had meant to give 【详解】考查虚拟语气。“打算做某事”mean to do sth.，“给”give，结合语意可知，说话人本打算把字典给对方，但计划未实现，动词intend用过去完成时态表示“本打算实现而未实现的计划”。故填had intended to give。 8. 我本打算要去参加那个聚会的，但是我不得不先完成那个讨厌的论文。 I ________ ________ to go to your party, but I had to finish that tiresome paper. 【答案】had planned 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“打算做”用plan to do，结合“本打算”表示原来的计划，用过去完成时。故填①had; ②planned。 9. 医生告诉我，我的膝伤已经康复，或许可以进行一些适度的锻炼。 My doctor told me I ________________ my knee injury and could possibly take some moderate exercise.(recover) 【答案】had recovered from 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“从……中康复”用动词recover from，且“康复”这一动作发生在医生告诉之前，即发生在过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had recovered from。 10. 会议结束时，她已经专心起草提案超过三个小时了。 By the time the meeting ended, she ________ ________ ________ ________ drafting the proposal for over three hours. 【答案】had been absorbed in 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。表示“专心于……”用be absorbed in。结合By the time the meeting ended可知，主句时态用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。故填had been absorbed in。 11. 他戴着一块曾祖父传下来的手表，表上的划痕诉说着过去的故事。 He wore a watch that ________ ________ ________ ________ from his great-grandfather, its scratches telling stories of the past. 【答案】had been passed down 【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“传下来的”，应用动词短语pass down“传承……”，从句“传下来”这个动作发生在主句“他戴着手表”之前，定语从句应用过去完成时，且手表与“传下来”之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态had been done，pass的过去分词是passed。故填①had；②been；③passed；④down。 12. 因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也感到很兴奋。(it is/ was+ the first time that…) As ________________ Father cook food outdoors, my elder brother and I also felt thrilled. 【答案】it was the first time that we had helped 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“第一次……”句型为it was the first time that+过去完成时；主语为we；表示“帮助”用动词help。故填it was the first time that we had helped。 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins ____1_____ I left school, but I often think about him. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things __2___ seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket! It was great fun. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a __3___ (present) to the class. I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour. Once I caught him and his friends __4___ (see) who could jump the farthest off the school stage. But when he got interested, he changed. I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing __5___ a good or a bad student. Look at Graham! I knew I ___6___ (choose) a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. My phone and laptop are never out of touching distance. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate ___7___ online. Yet the truth of the matter is: I feel lonely. I’m barely the only person ___8___ feels this way. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always ____9___ (distract). ____10____ is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey. 答案．1. occasionally 2. grateful 3. practical 4. lacked 5. access 6.demanding 7. constantly 8. associate 9.distracted 10. dominates 2. Extended reading A Thanksgiving Day story in the newspaper told of a school teacher who asked her class of first graders to draw a picture of something they were thankful for. She thought of how little these children from poor neighborhood 1 (actual) had to be thankful for. But she knew that most of them would draw pictures of turkeys or tables full 2 food. The teacher was taken back with the picture Douglas handed in — a small childishly (稚嫩的) hand! But whose hand? The class was 3 (puzzle) by the abstract drawing. “I think it must be the hand of God 4 brings us food, said one child. “A farmer,” said another, “because he 5 (feed) the turkeys. ”Finally, when the others were at work, the teacher bent over at Douglas’ desk, 6 (ask) whose hand it was. “It’s your hand, Teacher,” he said in a low voice. She remembered that frequently at break she had taken Douglas, 7 small lonely child by the hand. She often did that with the 8 (child). But it meant so much to Douglas. Perhaps this was everyone’s Thanksgiving, not for the material things 9 (give) to us but for the chance to give to others in 10 (what) small way. 【答案】 1．actually 2．of 3．puzzled 4．who/that 5．feeds 6．asking 7．a 8．children 9．given 10．whatever 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位小学老师在感恩节期间让一年级学生画出他们感恩的东西，而一个名叫道格拉斯的男孩画了老师的手。故事通过这个简单的画面，揭示了感恩节的真正意义——不仅是接受物质上的馈赠，更是给予他人关爱和温暖的机会。 1．考查副词。句意：她想到，这些来自贫困社区的孩子实际上几乎没有什么值得感恩的。空格处修饰句子，应该用副词actually作状语。故填actually。 2．考查介词。句意：但她知道他们中的大多数人会画火鸡或摆满食物的桌子。full of“充满”是固定搭配。故填of。 3．考查形容词。句意：全班同学都对这幅抽象的画感到困惑。根据句意和空格前的was可知，空格处应该用形容词puzzled作表语，修饰人的感情。故填puzzled。 4．考查定语从句。句意：“我认为这一定是上帝的手，他给我们带来食物，”一个孩子说。空格处引导限定性定语从句，对先行词God进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who或that代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填who或that。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“是农民的手，”另一个孩子说，“因为他喂养火鸡。”空格处是谓语动词，在直接引语中，用一般现在时；主语是he，谓语动词用三单形式。故填feeds。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，当其他孩子在画画时，老师弯下腰，在道格拉斯的桌子旁问这是谁的手。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词ask与句子的主语the teacher之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词asking作状语。故填asking。 7．考查冠词。句意：她想起，课间休息时，她经常牵着道格拉斯——一个孤独的小孩子的手。根据句意和空格后的单数名词child可知，空格处应该用不定冠词表示“一”，small的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 8．考查名词复数。句意：她经常这样牵着孩子们的手。此处指的是老师经常牵孩子们得手，肯定不是一个孩子，所以用child的复数形式children。故填children。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：也许这就是每个人的感恩节，不是为了给予我们的物质东西，而是为了有机会以任何小小的方式给予他人。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的the material things，动词give与the material things之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词given作定语。故填given。 10．考查限定词。句意：也许这就是每个人的感恩节，不是为了给予我们的物质东西，而是为了有机会以任何小小的方式给予他人。空格处作定语，修饰下文的small way，且意义为“任何”，所以用whatever。故填whatever。 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A (2025届江苏省南通市崇川区高三上学期第一次调研)A unique food trend has recently gained 1 (popular) among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and affordable way 2 (enjoy) delicious food while also reducing food waste. So far this concept 3 (attract) the attention of many curious young individuals. The concept of “leftover food blind boxes” 4 (originate) abroad, specifically from an app called Too Good To Go that started in Denmark in 2015. Its goal is to fight against food waste by offering surplus (剩余的) unsold food from nearby stores and restaurants 5 a reduced price. Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad 6 shared their experiences, Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea, 7 (lead) to similar operations in major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Chengdu. The operational methods of the “leftover food blind box” model can vary between stores. Some boxes contain pre-packed meals 8 (base) on a store’s sales before the evening, while others allow 9 (customer) to choose from what still remains in the store around closing time. However, the latter option is less common. The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding 10 element of surprise to the dining experience. 【答案】 1．popularity 2．to enjoy 3．has attracted 4．originated 5．at 6．who/that 7．leading 8．based 9．customers 10．an 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于中国年轻人中流行的“剩菜盲盒”这一独特食品的趋势。这种创新的餐饮选择既方便又实惠，同时还有助于减少食物浪费。 1．考查名词。句意：最近，一种独特的饮食潮流在中国年轻人中流行起来。此处作gained的宾语，应用名词，popular的名词形式为popularity，表“流行”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填popularity。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些创新的餐食选择被称为“剩食盲盒”，提供了一种方便又实惠的方式来享用美味食物，同时也减少了食物浪费。这里考查a way to do sth.，为固定搭配，意为“做某事的方式”，应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to enjoy。 3．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这个概念已经引起了许多好奇的年轻人的注意。此空考查谓语动词，主语this concept与attract为主动关系，再根据So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语this concept是单数。故填has attracted。 4．考查时态。句意：“剩食盲盒”的概念起源于国外，具体来说是源于2015年在丹麦推出的一款名为Too Good To Go的应用程序。这里考查谓语动词，主语The concept与originate为主动关系，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，originate的过去式为originated。故填originated。 5．考查介词。句意：其目标是通过以优惠价格提供附近商店和餐馆的剩余未售出食物来对抗食物浪费。这里考查at a...price，为固定搭配，意为“以……的价格”。故填at。 6．考查定语从句。句意：受到国外中国创作者发布的分享其经历的视频的启发，中国消费者和企业迅速接受了这一理念，这使得北京、上海和成都等中国主要城市也出现了类似的业务。此空考查定语从句，先行词为Chinese creators为人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。故填who或that。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到国外中国创作者发布的分享其经历的视频的启发，中国消费者和企业迅速接受了这一理念，这使得北京、上海和成都等中国主要城市也出现了类似的业务。此空考查非谓语，句子Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea与lead之间为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作结果状语。故填leading。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些盲盒里装的是基于商店晚间前销售情况预先包装好的餐食，而另一些则允许顾客在关店前后从商店剩余的食物中选择。这里考查非谓语，meals与base之间为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填based。 9．考查名词复数。句意：有些盲盒里装的是基于商店晚间前销售情况预先包装好的餐食，而另一些则允许顾客在关店前后从商店剩余的食物中选择。customer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式customers。故填customers。 10．考查冠词。句意：盲盒里的内容通常只有在打开时才会揭晓，这为用餐体验增添了一份惊喜。element为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且element以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 B (2026届四川省绵阳南山中学高三“零诊”模拟)Eight Treasures Duck, a classic dish from Jiangsu cuisine, 11 (have) a history of over 300 years. It gets 12 (it) name from the eight ingredients stuffed inside — glutinous rice, chestnuts, and dried fruits, 13 give the dish a rich, sweet flavor.​ 14 making this dish, chefs first clean a whole duck and remove its bones, keeping the skin intact. The duck 15 (stuff) with the eight treasures, then sewn up and braised (焖煮) slowly in soy sauce. The process, 16 takes several hours, requires patience and skill.​ In the past, Eight Treasures Duck 17 (serve) only on important occasions like weddings. Today, it is 18 (easy) to find in restaurants, yet still carries a sense of celebration. Many families enjoy it during the Lunar New Year, as the duck’s round shape symbolizes 19 (harmonious) and unity.​ 20 (compare) to other duck dishes, it stands out for its combination of savory and sweet tastes. Each bite tells a story of traditional cooking wisdom passed down through generations.​ 【答案】 11．has 12．its 13．which 14．When 15．is stuffed 16．which 17．was served 18．easier 19．harmony 20．Compared 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了江苏经典菜肴八宝鸭，包括其历史、制作方法、食用场合以及文化意义等。 11．考查主谓一致。句意：八宝鸭是江苏的一道经典菜肴，有300多年的历史。句子主语是“Eight Treasures Duck”，为第三人称单数，且句子描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 12．考查代词。句意：它的名字来源于内部填充的八种食材——糯米、栗子和干果，这些食材赋予了这道菜浓郁的甜味。根据后面的名词“name”可知，此处要用形容词性物主代词“its”来修饰名词作定语，表示“它的”。故填its。 13．考查定语从句。句意：同上。本句为包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词是“the eight ingredients”，指物，在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词“which”引导该从句。故填which。 14．考查时间状语从句。句意：制作这道菜时，厨师首先要清洗一只整鸭并去除骨头，保持鸭皮完整。根据“making this dish(制作这道菜)”可知，此处表示“当制作这道菜的时候”，要用“when”引导时间状语从句，主从句主语一致，此句为“when+现在分词”构成的状语从句中的省略，句首首字母要大写。故填When。 15．考查时态和语态。句意：鸭子内被填充八宝，然后缝合起来，在酱油中慢慢焖煮。“The duck”和“stuff”之间是被动关系，即鸭子被用八宝填充，且句子描述的是制作八宝鸭的过程，时态用一般现在时，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“The duck”为单数，故填is stuffed。 16．考查定语从句。句意：这个过程需要几个小时，需要耐心和技巧。这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词是“The process”，指物，在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词“which”引导该从句。故填which。 17．考查时态和语态。句意：在过去，八宝鸭只在婚礼等重要场合才会上桌。“Eight Treasures Duck”和“serve”之间是被动关系，即八宝鸭被上桌，且根据“In the past”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“Eight Treasures Duck”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“serve”的过去分词是“served”。故填was served。 18．考查形容词比较级。句意：如今，在餐馆里更容易找到它，但它仍然带有一种庆祝的氛围。根据“to find in restaurants(在餐馆里找到)”可知，此处是将过去和现在作比较，表示现在更容易在餐馆里找到八宝鸭，所以要用“easy”的比较级“easier”作表语。故填easier。 19．考查名词。句意：许多家庭在农历新年期间享用它，因为鸭子的圆形象征着和谐与团结。根据后面的“and unity”可知，此处要用名词“harmony”与“unity”并列作宾语，表示“和谐与团结”。故填harmony。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他鸭肉菜肴相比，它以其咸甜结合的味道脱颖而出。空白处在句子中做状语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语Eight Treasures Duck之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词表被动，句首首字母要大写。故填Compared。 C (山西省2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次大联考)A band 21 (consist) of Shanshan, a Danish girl and a group of Chinese gods of thunder perform a rock concert in Copenhagen, the city of fairy tales. They are brought together by a talking cat, who leads Shanshan into the Danish National Museum where she gets lost inside an ancient Chinese scroll. Shanshan helps the Chinese gods find their lost drum in Copenhagen, and the gods help Shanshan realise her music dreams. This is the 22 (recent) published Copenhagen Scroll by award-winning Chinese comic book artist Nie Jun. Born in 1975 in Xining, capital of Qinghai Province, Nie 23 (move) to Qingdao when he was a teenager, before studying at Chinese Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing. 24 (base) on what he saw and heard in the old courtyards of Beijing, his award-winning graphic novel My Beijing: Four Stories of Everyday Wonder (2018) tells of disabled girl Yu’er who cannot walk and dreams of becoming a swimmer at the Special Olympics. It has won several 25 (award). In 2024, Nie Jun 26 (inspire) to create Shanshan’s story by a Chinese scroll dating back 27 1596 in the Danish National Museum’s collection called The Thunder Department Goes on Out on Inspection, painted by royal artists at the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). In 28 interview, Nie said he felt that comic books can show the softer side of different countries. “I hope this comic book, 29 tells a story about something happening in the kingdom of fairy tales, would bring every ‘odd child’, including me, 30 (happy).” 【答案】 21．consisting 22．recently 23．moved 24．Based 25．awards 26．was inspired 27．to 28．an 29．which 30．happiness 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国著名漫画家聂峻及其创作的漫画作品。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：由丹麦女孩闪闪和一群中国雷公组成的乐队在童话之城哥本哈根举办了一场摇滚音乐会。句中谓语是perform，空格处用非谓语动词，band和consist之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故填consisting。 22．考查副词。句意：这是获奖的中国漫画家聂峻最近出版的《哥本哈根卷轴》。空格处用副词修饰动词published，recent的副词recently意为“最近”。故填recently。 23．考查时态。句意：聂于1975年出生于青海省省会西宁，十几岁时搬到青岛，后来在北京的中国美术学院学习。此处为谓语动词，由“when he was a teenager”可知，句子时态要用一般过去时，空格处用move的过去式。故填moved。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在北京老胡同里的所见所闻，他创作的获奖绘本《老街的童话》（MY BEIJING:Four Stories of Everyday Wonder）（2018 年）讲述了残疾女孩鱼儿的故事 —— 鱼儿无法行走，却梦想着能参加特奥会的游泳项目。句中谓语是tells，空格处用非谓语动词，his award-winning graphic novel和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Based。 25．考查名词的复数。句意：它赢得了几个奖项。空前有several，空格处用复数。故填awards。 26．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年，聂峻受到丹麦国家博物馆收藏的一幅1596年的中国画卷的启发，创作了闪闪的故事，画卷名为《雷部出巡图》，由明朝末期（1368-1644）的皇家艺术家绘制。Nie Jun与inspire之间是被动关系，由In 2024可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Nie Jun是单数，因此空格处是was inspired。故填was inspired。 27．考查介词。句意：2024年，聂峻受到丹麦国家博物馆收藏的一幅1596年的中国画卷的启发，创作了闪闪的故事，画卷名为《雷部出巡图》，由明朝末期（1368-1644）的皇家艺术家绘制。date back to是固定短语，意为“追溯到”，因此空格处用介词to。故填to。 28．考查冠词。句意：在一次采访中，聂说他觉得漫画可以展示不同国家柔软的一面。interview是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，interview是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。故填an。 29．考查定语从句。句意：我希望这部发生在童话王国的漫画能让所有（包括我在内）的怪小孩都开心。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词book是物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 30．考查名词。句意：我希望这部发生在童话王国的漫画能让所有（包括我在内）的怪小孩都开心。空格处用happy的名词happiness作宾语，happiness意为“开心”，是不可数名词。故填happiness。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$