Unit 3Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking Starting out(Word教参)-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas [对应学生用书P55] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．decade n．十年；十年期 2．tablet n．平板电脑 3．bunch n．一群，一伙 4．shelf n．搁板，架子 5．brick n．砖，砖块 6．saleswoman n．女销售员 7．jazz n．爵士乐 8．humble adj.简陋的 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．elder adj.年纪较长的→elderly adj.年老的 2．sympathy n．同情→sympathetic adj.同情的 3．dust n．尘土→dusty adj.尘土覆盖的；布满灰尘的 4．furnish v．在(房屋等)处布置家具；提供→furniture n．家具 5．mist n．薄雾，雾霭→misty adj.多雾的；薄雾笼罩的 6．lead v．带领；领导→leader n．领导者，领袖→leadership n．领导；领导地位 7．organ n．器官；风琴；机构→organic adj.有机的；绿色的 8．compete v．比赛；竞争→competition n．比赛→competitor n．竞争者→competitive adj.竞争的 ①名词加后缀­y构成形容词。形容词后缀­y表示“充满……的；有……特性的”。 dust→dusty　mess→messy rain→rainy　mist→misty ②名词后缀­ship表示状态、性质或品质。 leader→leadership　friend→friendship hard→hardship　relation→relationshi Ⅲ.短语互译 1．顺便拜访；顺便造访 drop in 2．被塞进，被装进 be packed into 3．突然出现，冒出来 pop up 4．一群 a bunch of 5．转向；求助于 turn to 6．stay in business 继续经营 7．wave goodbye to 向……挥手道别 8．under one's leadership 在某人的领导下 9．take over 接管；接任 10．turn into 变成 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：the day引导时间状语从句 教材原句：The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business，I was heartbroken. 翻译：听说经营了50年的彩虹书店要停业的那天，我的心都要碎了。 2．句型：现在分词(短语)作状语 教材原句：Sighing deeply，he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore. 翻译：他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营一家独立书店变得有多困难。 3．句型：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句：It made me realize that the bookstore and all that Old Casey had given to the community could soon disappear for good. 翻译：这让我意识到，书店和老凯西给社区带来的一切可能很快就会永远消失。 4．句型：as引导非限制性定语从句 教材原句：Well，as you can see，corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! 翻译：嗯，正如你所看到的那样，集体的智慧和创意相结合，把我这个简陋的书店带进了21世纪！ [对应学生用书P56] ◆难词注解 ①heartbroken adj.极度伤心的 heartbreaking adj.使人心碎的 ②legendary adj.大名鼎鼎的，传奇式的 ③fixture n．固定存在物 ④drop in顺便造访；顺便拜访 drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人 drop out (of ...)退出；辍学 drop back/behind后退；落后 ⑤pack v．打包 ⑥have a chat with sb.与某人闲聊 chat with sb.与某人闲聊(chat是动词) ⑦elderly adj.年老的 ⑧sigh v．叹气 sigh deeply 深深叹一口气 ⑨run v．经营；管理 ⑩independent adj.独立的 ⑪prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事；宁愿做某事 ⑫tablet n．平板电脑 ⑬discount n．减价；折扣 ⑭sympathy n．同情 ⑮stay in business继续经营 out of business停业；歇业 ⑯come back to sb.某人回想起 ⑰a bunch of 一群 bunch n．一群，一伙 ⑱frequently adv.经常地；频繁地 ⑲drop by顺道拜访 ⑳dusty adj.布满灰尘的 ㉑shelf n．搁板，架子 ㉒furniture n．家具 ㉓encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 ㉔comment n．评论 ㉕wave goodbye to sb.＝wave sb.goodbye向某人挥手道别 ㉖mist n．薄雾，雾霭 ㉗community n．社区 ㉘for good永远；永久 ㉙brick n．砖，砖块 ㉚exterior n．外部，外观 ㉛deliver v．发表；递送 ㉜nearby adv.在附近adj.附近的 ㉝pore over凝视，注视 ㉞stationery n．文具 ㉟replace v．以……替换，更换；取代 ㊱display v．陈列，展示 ㊲in good hands由可信任的人负责(或处理等)；被照顾得很好 at hand 在手边，在近处 by hand手工 (at) first hand第一手；亲自 hand in hand手拉手；密切相关 in hand在手头；在处理中 ㊳campaign n．运动；战役 ㊴saleswoman n．女销售员 salesman n．男销售员 ㊵grow up成长 ㊶take over接管；接任 take up继续；占用；开始从事 ㊷leadership n．领导；领导地位 ㊸turn into (使)变成 turn down调低；拒绝 turn out出席；结果是 turn to转向；求助于 turn up调高；突然出现 ㊹get together聚集；召集 ㊺organic adj.有机的；绿色的 ㊻recital n．朗诵会 ㊼jazz n．爵士乐 ㊽download v．下载 ㊾look up at抬头看，往上看 look up to sb.仰慕；钦佩 look sth.up查阅 look down on轻视，瞧不起 look on ...as把……看作 ㊿pop up突然出现，冒出来 combine ...with ...把……与……结合起来 creativity n．创造性，创造力 humble adj.简陋的 Ⅰ.原文释译 A New Chapter ❶The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business，I was heartbroken①.❷The bookstore，which was a legendary② fixture③ in the neighborhood，was a place where anyone could drop in④ and connect through their love of books. ❶The day是名词词组，在此处用作连词，引导时间状语从句；其中that引导宾语从句。 ❷句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The bookstore；句中where引导定语从句，修饰a place。 When I hurried to the store，I saw that ❸the books were already being packed⑤ into boxes．I had a long chat with⑥ Casey，the store's elderly⑦ owner.Sighing⑧ deeply，he told me how it was becoming difficult to run⑨ an independent⑩ bookstore.Most young people preferred reading⑪ e­books on tablets⑫.More and more customers were being attracted by chain stores and online discounts⑬.I tried to think of some words of sympathy⑭，but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business⑮ much longer. ❸此处使用了过去进行时的被动语态，结构为“was/were being＋过去分词”，表示在过去某个时间点正在进行的被动动作。 Childhood memories came back to me⑯ so clearly，❹as if the events had happened only yesterday．A bunch of⑰ us kids would frequently⑱ drop by⑲ the store after school.We'd look at the new books，or just chat with Old Casey.He knew every book in the store and would always pick the perfect one for us from a dusty⑳ shelf㉑.We spent hours reading，seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture㉒.Casey encouraged us to share㉓ our ideas and comments㉔ on the books，by writing them on a large board in one corner of the store. ❹as if 引导方式状语从句，从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。 When I left the bookstore，it was becoming cold and dark outside.I turned to wave goodbye to㉕ Casey，but both he and his bookstore were already hidden in a thick mist㉖.❺It made me realize that the bookstore and all that Old Casey had given to the community㉗ could soon disappear for good㉘. ❺made me realize为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；句中第一个that引导宾语从句，作realize的宾语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all。 A few months later，I was back in the neighborhood during my spring break and was surprised to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business.Its old brick㉙ exterior㉚ hadn't changed，but inside it was like a different world.In one area，a book reading was being delivered㉛.Nearby㉜，customers were poring over㉝ shelves selling stationery㉞，posters and other best­seller­themed gifts.The large board in the corner had been replaced㉟ by a big screen，❻where customers' comments on the month's best­seller were being displayed㊱．Clearly，the Rainbow Bookstore was in good，creative hands㊲. ❻where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰a big screen。 I was told that the community had decided to work together on a campaign㊳ to save the Rainbow Bookstore.The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley，❼a saleswoman㊴ who had grown up㊵ in the neighborhood and who had now taken over㊶ the bookstore from Casey． ❼a saleswoman是Jennifer Oakley的同位语；两个who均引导定语从句，修饰a saleswoman。 Under Jennifer's leadership㊷，the bookstore was being turned into㊸ a place for literature­loving members of the community to get together㊹.❽It had a café selling organic㊺ food，and there were now more community events such as book readings，poetry recitals㊻ and even jazz㊼ concerts and movie nights，where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded㊽. ❽本句是and连接的并列复合句。and前的分句中，现在分词短语selling organic food作定语，修饰a café。and后的分句中，where引导定语从句，修饰community events；其中that引导定语从句，修饰an experience。 I joined Casey，❾who was looking up at㊾ the screen on which readers' comments kept popping up㊿．“Well，as you can see，corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century！I'm so pleased to see that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here．” ❾who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Casey，其中on which引导定语从句，修饰the screen。 as引导非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如”。 that引导宾语从句，作see的宾语；其中I wanted it to offer to the community是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰everything。 Ⅱ.文本理解 ►主旨大意 The main idea of the text is that the development of technology has brought the Rainbow Bookstore back to life． ►文章架构 A New Chapter Old bookstore It was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood.Anyone could drop in and connect through their 1.love of books． New bookstore The large board was replaced by 2.a big screen，where customers' comments on the month's best­seller were being displayed. Campaign to save the bookstore The community had decided to work together on a campaign，led by 3.Jennifer Oakley，to save the bookstore. New function The bookstore was turned into a place for literature­loving members of the community to 4.get together． ►细节探究 1．What's the large board in the corner for？ (　　) A．It's for books. B．It's for the readers to sit on. C.People spend time reading on it. D．People can write their thoughts on it. 2．What can we infer from the third paragraph？ (　　) A．The Rainbow Bookstore was set up fifty years ago. B．The kids were on good terms with Old Casey. C．The kids spent hours reading in the bookstore after school. D．The kids often exchanged their ideas on the books orally. 3．What surprised the author a few months later？ (　　) A．The Rainbow Bookstore was still open. B．The old bricks of the Rainbow Bookstore were gone. C．Customers were buying stationery，posters and gifts. D．Customers were making comments on the big screen. 4．What did the old bookstore and the new bookstore have in common？ (　　) A．They were owned by Casey. B．They both sold books. C．They both had a café selling organic food. D．They were both humble. 答案：1～4　DBAB ►课文语法填空 The Rainbow Bookstore，1.dating(date) back to 50 years ago，was closing，which made me heartbroken.Because most of the young people 2.preferred(prefer) reading e­books，and chain stores and online discounts contributed to 3.its(it) tragedy.I could still remember the owner of the bookstore，Casey，a warm­hearted elderly man.Childhood 4.memories(memorize) came back to me.We kids used 5.to drop(drop) by the store，looking at the new books，chatting with Old Casey and 6.sharing(share) ideas and comments on the board.7.But to my relief，several months later，the bookstore was still there and open，having changed its functions.The bookstore is now a 8.different(differ) world，becoming 9.a place for literature­loving members of the community to get together.It is the corporate knowledge combined with creativity 10.that saved the bookstore. Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义 1．break ①Some kids who were throwing rocks broke several of the windows. 使破裂，使破碎 ②Hugh broke the silence.“Is she always late？” he asked. 打断；中断 ③The boy broke his arm and cried with pain. 使骨折 ④She had broken the 100 metres world record. 打破(纪录) ⑤They usually go shopping during their lunch break. 休息 2．deliver ①The president will deliver a speech about schools. 发表 ②They set off to deliver supplies to a distant village. 递送 ③They rushed her to the hospital where doctors delivered her baby. 接生 Ⅳ.教材续写积累 1．动作描写——匆忙 When I hurried to the store，I saw that the books were already being packed into boxes. [仿写]单句填空/完成句子 ①Sophie hurried to the gate and looked inside the green mailbox. ②电话突然响了，她急忙去接电话。 The telephone suddenly rang and she hurried to answer it. ③当我赶到学校时，我几乎上气不接下气。 When I hurried to school，I was almost out of breath. 2．人物描写之情绪——快乐、满意 I'm so pleased to see that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here. [仿写]单句填空/完成句子 ①I'm pleased to announce(announce) the winners of the contest. ②全家人对威廉成功的消息都感到很高兴。 The family are very pleased about the news of William's success. ③我很高兴地告诉你，他现在做得很好。 I'm pleased to tell you that he is now doing well. [对应学生用书P60] 1 attract v．吸引，引起……的兴趣 More and more customers were being attracted by chain stores and online discounts. 越来越多的顾客被连锁店和在线折扣吸引。 [要点突破] 　①attract sb.to sb./sth.吸引某人关注某人/某事 attract one's attention/mind吸引某人的注意 ②attraction n．吸引；吸引力；有吸引力的事 draw one's attraction吸引某人的注意 ③attractive adj.吸引人的；(事物)有吸引力的 be attractive to ...对……有吸引力 [写作佳句] Since you have always been interested in Chinese culture，I sincerely hope that you can tell me what traditional Chinese culture attracts you foreigners most and why. 既然你一直对中国文化感兴趣，我真诚地希望你能告诉我中国传统文化最吸引你们外国人的地方以及原因。 In Beijing，there are many tourist attractions，like the Great Wall，the Summer Palace and the Tian'anmen.But what attracts me most is the Great Wall，which is also attractive to foreigners.More and more foreigners are attracted by it and come to China. 北京有许多旅游胜地，比如长城、颐和园以及天安门。但是最吸引我的是长城，它对外国人来说也很有吸引力。越来越多的外国人被它吸引而来到中国。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/句式升级 ①During the process，I found this art was so great that I was attracted(attract) by it. ②As is known to all，Venice is one of the greatest tourist attractions(attract) in the world. ③We need to make the club attractive(attract) to a wider range of people. ④这个运动员出色的表现引起了教练的注意。 The player's wonderful performance attracted the coach's attention． ⑤泰山以其美丽的风景和历史遗迹吸引着游客。 Mount Tai is attractive to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites. ⑥He was attracted by the beauty and he didn't want to leave right now. →Attracted by the beauty，he didn't want to leave right now.(分词短语作状语) 　2 sympathy n．同情 　I tried to think of some words of sympathy，but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer. 我想要说些同情的话，却发现自己不得不承认彩虹书店的确经营不下去了。 [要点突破] ①express/feel sympathy for sb.对某人表达/感到同情 have no sympathy for sb.不同情某人 in sympathy with赞同；支持 out of sympathy出于同情 ②sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；表示同情的；赞同的；支持的 [写作佳句] With my heart racing and my face burning，I could see，from the corner of my eyes，some of my classmates looked at me out of sympathy. 我的心跳加速，脸在发烫，我从眼角的余光中可以看到，我的一些同学同情地看着我。 She is a sympathetic lady who always shows sympathy for the poor people. 她是一位富有同情心的女士，总是对穷人表示同情。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Hearing the bad news，I couldn't help feeling sympathy for the deaths in the accident. ②I am sure he will be in sympathy with the suggestion that you have come up with in the meeting. ③Her husband was sympathetic(sympathy) at first but his patience soon wore thin. ④出于同情，他给了这个可怜的孩子很多帮助。 Out of sympathy，he gave the poor child much help. ⑤我非常同情他，他独自把他的两个孩子养大。 I have a lot of sympathy for him；he brought up his two children on his own. 3 furniture n．家具 We spent hours reading，seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture. 我们会坐在店里陈旧而舒适的家具上，读上好几个小时的书。 [要点突破] furnish v．在(房屋等)处布置家具；提供 furnish ...with ...用……布置……；向……提供/供应…… furniture是“家具”的总称，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。如果要表示“量”，可用much、little、a little、a lot of或者lots of等修饰，但是绝不能用many、few、a few等修饰；如果要表示“数”，则可以用a piece of、an article/item of等修饰。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①All the furniture in my grandparents' room is(be) made of wood. ②My father liked to furnish his room with a great deal of Chinese­style furniture. ③这位科学家的卧室里陈设着最简单的家具。 The scientist's bedroom is furnished with the simplest furniture． 4 replace vt.以……替换，更换；取代；把……放回原处 The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen，where customers' comments on the month's best­seller were being displayed. 角落里的大板子被一个大屏幕取代，顾客对本月畅销书的评论展现在上面。 [情境探究] ①You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave. 你在离开前必须把书放回到书架上。 ②They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars. 他们用昂贵的新跑车替代他们钟爱的旧车。 [要点突破] ①replace A with B　用B取代A be replaced by被……替代 ②replacement n．替换；替换物；替代者 [写作佳句] ①His face was calm，and the excitement and pride in his eyes were replaced by sincerity and gratitude. 他面色平静，眼睛里的兴奋和骄傲被真诚和感激取代。 ②Many people believe that regular books will be one day replaced by e­books. 许多人认为，普通书籍总有一天会被电子书取代。 表示“代替”的短语还有in place of、take the place of、take one's place等。 [学以致用] 　单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Now most Chinese families have replaced coal fires with gas. ②Do you think books should be replaced by other media? ③He wasted little time in finding a replacement(replace) for me. ④我个人认为商店购物会与家庭购物并存，但绝不会被取代。 I think store shopping will exist along with home shopping but will never be replaced． ⑤秘书将代替董事长参加会议。 →The secretary will take the place of/replace the president to attend the meeting.(take the place of/replace) →The secretary will attend the meeting in place of the president．(in place of) →The secretary will take the president's place to attend the meeting.(take one's place) 5 compete v．竞争 Traditional bookstores can't compete with large bookstore chains. 传统书店无法与大型连锁书店竞争。 [要点突破] ①compete in参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete against/with与……比赛/竞争 compete for为争取/得到……而比赛 ②competition n．比赛；竞争 in competition with与……进行竞争 ③competitor n．竞争者，对手 ④competitive adj.竞争的 [写作佳句] ①Neil and Shawn were in the same class and the two boys competed in everything，and their test scores and grades were just about equal. 尼尔和肖恩是同班同学，这两个男孩在各个方面都互相竞争，他们的考试分数和成绩差不多。 ②In the pumpkin field，I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. 在南瓜田里，我与我的三个弟弟和妹妹比赛，寻找最大的南瓜。 More than 1，000 competitors took part in the competition to compete for first prize. 1 000多名参赛者参加了这项竞赛来竞争一等奖。 [学以致用] 　单句填空/完成句子 ①They found themselves competing with/against foreign companies for a share of the market. ②The athletes from all over the world competed for the gold medals. ③He competed in the Summer Olympic Games in Paris in 2024. ④Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive(compete) market. ⑤We are in competition with four other companies for the contract. ⑥When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition(compete) to watch. ⑦来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为第一枚金牌而竞争。 Runners from many countries are competing with/against each other for the first gold medal. 1 现在分词(短语)作状语 Sighing deeply，he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore. 他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营一家独立书店变得有多困难。 [情境探究] ①Walking in the street (＝When/While I was walking in the street)，I saw him. 我在街上走时看到了他。(时间状语) ②The bus was held up by the snowstorm，thus causing the delay (＝and thus caused the delay). 公共汽车被暴风雪所阻，因此造成了耽搁。(结果状语) ③Being spring(＝As/Since it is spring)，the flowers are in full bloom. 春天到了，百花盛开。(原因状语) ④Having failed many times(＝Although he had failed many times)，he didn't lose heart. 尽管他失败了很多次，但是他没有灰心。(让步状语) [要点突破] 现在分词(短语)在句中可以作原因、时间、让步、目的、条件、方式、结果状语等。现在分词(短语)作状语有以下特性： ①时间性。若现在分词表示的动作与主句谓语动作同时发生，用一般式；若现在分词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，则用完成式having done。 ②语态性。现在分词与主句主语之间是主谓关系。 ③人称一致性。分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。 在现在分词前加not即可构成其否定形式。例如： Not knowing her address，I can't write to her. 由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Having worked(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. ②Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way using(use) the sun and the stars. ③It rained heavily in the south，causing(cause) serious flooding in several provinces. ④老人正坐在椅子上，听着经典爵士乐。 The old man was sitting in the chair，listening to the classic jazz music． ⑤此外，海洋是“地球之肺”，提供了我们呼吸的大部分氧气。 Additionally，oceans are “the lungs of our planet”，providing most of the oxygen we breathe． 2 as引导非限制性定语从句 Well，as you can see，corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! 嗯，正如你所看到的那样，集体的智慧和创意相结合，把我这个简陋的书店带进了21世纪！ [情境探究] ①As we all know/As is known to us，nothing can be achieved without dedication and frustration. 众所周知，没有付出和挫折就没有任何收获。 ②As is often the case，he usually studies deep into the night before the exam. 考试之前他通常学到深夜，这是常有的事情。 ③One of the boys kept laughing，which really annoyed Jane. 有一个男生一直在笑，这真的让简非常恼火。 [要点突破] ①as引导的非限制性定语从句表示说话人的态度、看法、评论或解释，意为“正如”。 ②as引导非限制性定语从句时，关系代词as指代整个主句的内容，其本身在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 ③as引导的定语从句的位置比较灵活，可放在主句之前、之后，也可放在主句中间，一般用逗号与主句隔开。 ①which引导非限制性定语从句时，也可以指代整个主句的内容，但不可放在句首；其含义也不同，which意为“这一点；这件事”。 ②as引导定语从句的常用句式： as we have expected正如我们所预料的那样 as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的那样 as is well­known/as we all know众所周知 as is often the case这是常有的事 as is reported正如所报道的那样 as the old saying goes正如谚语所说 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①By boat is the only way to get here，which is how we arrived. ②As can be seen from his face，he is quite pleased. ③The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. ④正如我在电话里解释的那样，你的要求将在下次会议上予以考虑。 As I explained on the phone，your request will be considered at the next meeting. ⑤他渐渐喜欢上了读书，这使他的父母很高兴。 He was fond of reading gradually，which made his parents very happy． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$