课时梯级训练(5) Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking Starting out(Word练习)-【优化指导】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

课时梯级训练(五)　Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I have not met him yet but I have read his profile(概况) on the Internet. 2．You're supposed to keep your towel(毛巾) clean every day. 3．Fundraising(募捐) isn't just about who raised or donated the most money. 4．He switched(改变) sides just days before the election. 5．A butterfly flew by and caught her attention，which distracted(使分心) her from her work. 6．The Smith family has occupied(占用) this farm for over a hundred years. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．These machines are constantly(constant) updated by improving the design of the computers. 2．Across the world，1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. 3．He can pay attention to what the teacher is talking or reading without being distracted(distract). 4．You must ensure their security(secure) when you take the children to the park. 5．John is very reliable(rely)—if he promises to do something，he will do it. 6．If a student lacks the motivation(motivate) to study，he will quickly become tired of studying. 7．We didn't have a TV at home when I was young，and I felt as though I missed out． 8．Occupied in looking(look) after her children，she can't spare any time to have a holiday. Ⅲ.选词填空 rely on，pick up，to be honest，make full use of，switch on，instead of 1．He is just a talker so don't rely on him to do anything. 2．You did the dishes last night，but you forgot to switch on the dishwasher. 3．The children picked up many sea shells at the seashore. 4．Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more. 5．To be honest，Joe is a pretty good boy. 6．You should make full use of every minute to improve yourself. Ⅳ.根据本单元所学知识完成句子 1．经理似乎对这个结果很满意。 It seemed that the manager was quite satisfied with the result. 2．他的自行车被偷了，他只好步行回家。 With his bike stolen，he had to walk home. 3．我相信你有足够的动力去实现自己的梦想。 I believe you are motivated enough to achieve your dream. 4．面对这么多问题，有些人倾向于认输。 Some people tend to throw in the towel when faced with so many problems. 5．起初我认为这是个坏主意，但仔细一想，我意识到她是对的。 At first I thought it was a bad idea，but on reflection I realized she was right． Ⅴ.阅读理解 (2024·宿迁高二检测)Many of us were told from an early age that，“you learn from your mistakes”．But is this actually true? The short answer is “yes”—failure can be a teachable moment.But learning from our mistakes is，in reality，very hard because we don't like to fail.It doesn't feel good，so we react to failure in impulsive and emotional ways，like giving up on a task prematurely，telling ourselves we don't care whether we succeed，or finding fault with the task itself.This is self­protective，according to Hallgeir，a professor of psychology at the Norwegian School of Economics.“Most of us want to think of ourselves as competent，” he says，so when we fail “it poses a serious threat to our self­image”． Fortunately，there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure.One of them is to adopt a third­person perspective.Instead of asking “Why did I fail？”，we could ask “Why did Sam fail？”，for example.Multiple studies by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan show that adopting a third­person perspective helps to soften our negative emotional reactions，allowing us to look at failure more objectively. A second strategy involves offering advice to others who may be in the same position as us.This strategy led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the test groups—involving both adults and children—that were asked to give advice based on their own failures.Professors Eskreis­Winkler and Duckworth found that the satisfaction of helping others “forces people to engage with their experience and what they have learned”． The writer Samuel Beckett once said：“Fail again，fail better.” But it now seems that we should be saying：“Fail again，fail smarter.” Failure is an unavoidable part of life，but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it，we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate(确定方向). 1．What does the underlined word “impulsive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Uncontrollable. B．Optimistic. C．Impressive. D．Ambitious. 2．Why don't we like to fail? A．Failure can be teachable. B．Failure threatens our self­image. C．Failure is an unavoidable part of life. D．Learning from our failures is very hard. 3．Which of the following will the writer agree with? A．Failure can be avoided if we learn from it. B．Giving advice to others can help us fail better. C．Only those who succeed can give advice to others. D．A third­person perspective helps us out of the bad feelings of failure. 4．What does the text focus on? A．Smarter ways to learn from failure. B．How to fail better when we fail again. C．Failure can let us succeed more easily. D．Why we react to failure in emotional ways. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，有一些方法可以帮助我们更客观地看待失败，比如采用第三人称视角或向他人提供建议等。 1．A　[解析]词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，impulsive与emotional是并列关系，是形容词，修饰名词ways；结合后文“like giving up on a task prematurely，telling ourselves we don't care whether we succeed，or finding fault with the task itself”可知，这些都是冲动的、情绪化的行为，impulsive与形容词uncontrollable“无法控制的”表达的意思相近。故选A。 2．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Most of us want to think of ourselves as competent，’he says，so when we fail ‘it poses a serious threat to our self­image’．”可推知，我们不喜欢失败的原因是失败威胁到了我们的自我形象。故选B。 3．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Fortunately，there is research to suggest that ...a third­person perspective.”可推知，作者会赞成第三人称视角可以帮助我们摆脱失败导致的负面情绪这种说法。故选D。 4．A　[解析]主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中的“Fortunately，there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure.”和最后一段的内容可推知，本文介绍了一些可以帮助我们克服失败带来的情感障碍的方法，帮助我们更聪明地从失败中吸取教训，所以“Smarter ways to learn from failure.”是文章的关注点。故选A。 Ⅵ.完形填空 (2025·周口高二检测)I was walking home from school one day and it happened to be a particularly cold and windy day.All of a sudden，an old lady drove up beside me and asked if I would like a ride 1 ．At first，I said it was OK and her 2 smile melted(融化) away the thought that I should never talk to 3 ！We had an amazing chat and she was just such a good woman.She told me her 4 and she dropped me off. I didn't see her or talk to her for about a month and one night as I 5 her kind gesture，I decided to return the favor.So，I made a lot of 6 and walked down to her house with my friend.At first I was a bit 7 she wouldn't remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies but luckily，I was 8 wrong.She was so happy，and she hugged me and kissed me and seemed so 9 that someone would do something like that! When I got home, my mom told me that she 10 and told my mom on the phone that she 11 because she was so moved.She said she would never 12 the kindness that was given to her！That filled me with such 13 ！There really is nothing else joyful like helping 14 and making someone's day 15 ！ Let us never forget the joy we get by giving others a hand! 1．A.hospital B．family C．home D．school 2．A.easy B．warm C．simple D．strange 3．A.women B．strangers C．drivers D．neighbors 4．A.address B．car C．family D．number 5．A.forgot B．remembered C．repeated D．regretted 6．A.bread B．salad C．sweets D．cookies 7．A.worried B．disappointed C．confused D．nervous 8．A.generally B．usually C．hardly D．completely 9．A.surprised B．confused C．satisfied D．fearful 10．A.visited B．came C．called D．drove 11．A.slept B．cried C．left D．laughed 12．A.permit B．forget C．pardon D．imagine 13．A.happiness B．interest C．puzzle D．sadness 14．A.else B．nobody C．anyone D．others 15．A.busier B．easier C．brighter D．harder 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看望一位曾在寒冷的天气里让自己搭车回家的老妇人，并认识到没有什么比帮助他人更能让人感到快乐的了。 1．C　[解析]根据上文I was walking home from school可知，作者是在放学回家的路上。故选C。 2．B　[解析]根据下文melted away the thought可知，这位老妇人温暖的笑容打消了作者原有的想法。故选B。 3．B　[解析]根据上文“All of a sudden，an old lady drove up beside me”可知，作者与这位老妇人素不相识，此处是说她温暖的笑容打消了作者不与陌生人说话的想法。故选B。 4．A　[解析]根据下文walked down to her house with my friend可知，这位老妇人告诉了作者她的地址。故选A。 5．B　[解析]根据下文I decided to return the favor可知，一个月后的一个晚上作者想起了这位老妇人的善举，决定为她做一点事情。故选B。 6．D　[解析]根据下文I was a bad man who poisoned cookies可知，cookies是原词复现，作者为老妇人做了很多饼干。故选D。 7．A　[解析]根据下文she wouldn't remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies可知，作者担心她不记得自己或把自己当成坏人。故选A。 8．D　[解析]根据下文“She was so happy，and she hugged me and kissed me and seemed so 9 that someone would do something like that！”可知，事实证明作者的担心完全错误。故选D。 9．A　[解析]根据下文that someone would do something like that可知，作者的做法让她感到很惊喜。故选A。 10．C　[解析]根据下文told my mom on the phone可知，这位老妇人打电话给作者的妈妈。故选C。 11．B　[解析]根据下文because she was so moved可以推断，她感动得哭了。故选B。 12．B　[解析]根据下文the kindness that was given to her可知，老妇人说永远也不会忘记作者的好意。故选B。 13．A　[解析]根据下文“There really is nothing else joyful like helping 14 and making someone's day 15 ！”可知，听到老妇人这样说，作者感到非常幸福，happiness与joyful呼应，符合语境。故选A。 14．D　[解析]根据语境可知，此处指作者认为“没有什么事情比帮助他人更让人感到快乐了”。该空需要使用代词，表示“别人”。故选D。 15．C　[解析]老妇人让作者搭车，作者很开心；作者带着饼干去看望她，她很惊喜，很感动。make one's day brighter表示“让某人的一天更美好”，符合语境。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$