Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Using Language&Other Parts(课件PPT)-【优化指导】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE (单元主题语境：人与社会——肢体语言的交际意义) Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Other Parts 栏 目 索 引 自主落实·掌握语言知识 熟读精思·研读文本精华 互动探究·精研核心知识 自主落实·掌握语言知识 incident twin internal slump bend reveal UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 tick imply barely chin stare ceiling perceive UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 bother weep conflict inquire adjust intervene component tone UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 slight slightly assess assessment pose clarify UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 educate educator education tendency lower low occupy UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 distract distinguish anxiety embarrassed UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 ashamed merely ultimately adjust react UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 have a tendency to do sth. straighten up in other words call on at work UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 想出(解决方法)；计算出 将……表演出来 (通常指意外地)最终到达；最终处于，到头来 在这种意义上 对……有信心 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课。 他们好像在睁着眼睛睡觉。 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 不管是什么，我知道我需要去探个究竟，搞明白发生了什么 事情。 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 熟读精思·研读文本精华 exposition UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 对肢体语言作出反应是教师职责的重要组成部分。 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 educator what to recognise tendency implies looking UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 harder anxiety Ultimately to UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 opened wide waved her arms closed her eyes as though UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 A frown UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 hid his face UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 互动探究·精研核心知识 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 照顾 往往会 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 tendency to travel have a tendency UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 at stared Staring UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 stared at glance at glared at UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 from herself distinguished UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 distinguish between right and wrong between the delicious ones and the not so delicious ones UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 from the not so delicious ones between the delicious ones and the not so delicious ones UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 Embarrassed embarrassment embarrassing UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 was embarrassed about/at felt/was embarrassed about/at what she had done UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 ashamed to tell shameful It is a shame that UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 up UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 for off in call on/upon people and the government to take measures UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 with UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 to look it didn't even bother to bothered me that UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 adjustable to adjustments adjust myself to my high school life UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 not all of its effects agree with everything UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 Nothing in my life impressed me not all of them UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 Whatever how whatever you like However/No matter how far away UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 课时梯级训练(十五) 谢 谢 Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．________ n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突 2．____ adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的n.孪生之一；双胞胎之一 3．________ adj.内部的；里面的 4．_____ vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) 5．____ vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 6．______ vt.揭示；显示；露出 7．____ vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n.钩号 8．_____ vt.意味着；暗示 9．______ adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 10．____ n．下巴 11．_____ vi.盯着看；凝视n.凝视 12．_______ n．天花板；上限 13．________ vt.察觉；看待；理解 14．______ vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便 15．____ vi.& vt.(wept，wept)哭泣；流泪 16．________ n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触 17．_______ (＝enquire) vi.& vt.询问；打听 18．______ vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯 19．_________ vi.干预；介入 20．_________ n．组成部分；零件 21．____ n．语气；腔调；口吻 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．______ adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→________ adv.略微；稍微 2．______ vt.评估；评价→__________ n．评价；评定 3．____ n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)→posture n．(坐、立的)姿势；态度；看法 4．_______ vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清→clarification n．澄清；阐明；净化 5．_______ vt.(在学校)教育；教导→________ n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→_________ n．(尤指学校)教育；培养 6．tend v．照顾，照料；往往会→________ n．趋势；倾向 7．_____ vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的→___ adj.低的；矮的 8．______ vt.占据；占用→occupation n．工作；职业→occupied adj.被占领的；有人使用(或居住)；忙于 9．________ vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→distraction n．分散注意力的事；消遣；娱乐 10．___________ vi.& vt. 区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的 11．_______ n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.焦虑的；忧虑；渴望 12．embarrass vt.(尤指在社交场合)使窘迫，使尴尬→___________ adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassment n．尴尬；难堪；窘迫 13．_______ adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的→shamefully adv.可耻地 14．mere adj.仅仅的；只不过→______ adv.只是；仅仅；只不过 15．ultimate adj.最后的；最终的；终极的→__________ adv.最终；最后 16．______ vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n．调整；调节 17．_____ vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；回应 动词加后缀­ment构成名词，后缀­ment表示“……的行为或结果”等。 state→statement　advertise→advertisement move→movement　govern→government Ⅲ.短语互译 1．有做某事的倾向/趋势 __________________________ 2．直起来；整理；收拾整齐 _____________ 3．换句话说；也就是说 ______________ 4．(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请 _______ 5．有某种影响；在工作 _______ 6．work out __________________________ 7．act out __________________ 8．end up _________________________________________ 9．in this sense ______________ 10．be confident about _____________ Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：部分否定 教材原句：Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ 2．句型：as though引导表语从句 教材原句：It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ 3．句型：whatever引导让步状语从句 教材原句：Whatever it is，I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ __________ Ⅰ.文本理解 ►语篇特征 The text is an __________(说明文). ►文章架构 ►细节探究 1．How can the writer know what makes each student tick？(　　) A．By talking with some students. B．By observing students' body language. C．By asking them to write a letter to the teacher. D．By having one­on­one conversations with each person. 2．What may students do when they are not interested in a lesson？(　　) A．Look up and make eye contact. B．Lean forward and look at the teacher. C．Smile when the teacher makes a joke. D．Lower their heads and look at the watch. 3．How may students feel when they have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs crossed？(　　) A．Happy.　　　　　　 B．Excited. C．Angry. D．Shocked. 4．What do students usually do when they are worried？(　　) A．Wear a frown. B．Brush their hair. C．Have their arms crossed. D．Have their legs closed. 5．Where is the text likely to be taken from？(　　) A．A research report. B．A science book. C．A social magazine. D．A health magazine. 答案：1～5 BDCAC ►难句突破 1．While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 分析：本句是一个复合句。“it is sometimes much harder ...troubled”是主句。while 引导的是让步状语从句；两个when 引导的都是宾语从句。while 引导让步状语从句时，相当于 although 或 though，常置于句首。 翻译：_____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 尽管要察觉学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中很容易，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 2．Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher. 分析：句中动词­ing 形式短语 Reacting to body language作主语，being a teacher 作介词 of 的宾语。 翻译：_____________________________________________________ ►课文语法填空 As an 1.________(educate)，people often ask me how I know 2.____ is going on in the minds of my students.I look at their body language.It's easy 3.____________(recognise)when students are interested in a lesson.Most tend to look up and make eye contact.People have a 4.________(tend) to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it 5._______(imply) he is bored.Some students are amused by something else.They spend all their time 6._______(look) anywhere but at me.While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much 7.______(hard) to distinguish when students are troubled.Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing 8._______ (anxious) may have their arms crossed in front of their chests.9.__________ (ultimate)，my duty is helping every student to learn.Reacting 10.__ body language properly is an important component of being a teacher. Ⅱ.原文释译 HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS? As an educator，people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much.At the same time，in a classroom of more than forty students，it is hard to have many one­on­one conversations with each person.So，how can I really know what makes each student tick? My answer? I look at their body language. ❶It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson. Most tend to look up and make eye contact.❷When I make a joke，they smile. ❸When I talk about something difficult，they look confused. I know when students are really interested，however，because they lean forward and look at me.People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.❹If two friends are leaning their heads together，they are probably writing notes to each other. ❺Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up，but there is an absence of eye contact.Their eyes barely move，and they always have the same distant expression on their faces.It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open. Some students are amused by something else.They spend all their time looking anywhere but at me.Then again，some students' favourite activity is daydreaming.❻With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. They are certainly interested in something，but who knows what.The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.However，if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other students or at home.❼Whatever it is，I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. Ultimately，my duty is helping every student to learn.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.❽Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher. 参考译文 我是如何了解我的学生的？ 作为一名教育工作者，人们经常问我是怎么知道学生的脑子里在想什么的。许多学生生性腼腆，沉默寡言。同时，班上有四十多个学生，很难与每个人进行一对一的谈话。那么，我是如何搞清楚每个学生为何会这样的呢？ 想知道我的答案吗？我观察他们的肢体语言。 学生对一堂课感兴趣时，很容易就可以看出来。大部分学生会抬头看，并且有眼神交流。我开玩笑时，他们露出笑容。我讲到难点时，他们一脸茫然。然而，学生兴趣盎然时，我也看得出来，因为他们会身体前倾，注视着我。人们往往会将身体倾向自己感兴趣的事物。所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。如果两个好朋友把头靠在一起，那么他们很可能是在互相写纸条。当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课。有些学生虽然抬着头，却没有眼神交流。他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上的表情疏远呆滞，好像在睁着眼睛睡觉。 有些学生在自娱自乐。整节课他们始终盯着别的东西，没看我一眼。此外，有些学生最喜欢的活动就是做白日梦。他们手托下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。一定是什么东西吸引了他们的注意力，但是谁也不知道到底是什么。重要的是提醒走神的学生专心听讲。 尽管要察觉学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中很容易，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前，双腿并拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。伤心或忧虑的学生几乎总是皱着眉头。他们也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或 羞愧的样子。有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕被老师提问。但是，要是一名学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。极有可能她与其他学生或家人发生了很大的冲突。不管是什么，我知道我需要去探个究竟，搞明白发生了什么事情。 最后，我的职责是帮助每一位学生学习。他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。对肢体语言作出反应是教师职责的重要组成部分。 ◆精学表达 Ⅰ.文本特征 1．标题表明了作者的写作目的，本文就是对标题提出的问题进行了回答。从文本结构来看，本文是一篇“总——分——总”结构的说明文。 2．从写作技巧上来看，文章第一段以疑问句(So，how can I really know what makes each student tick？)结束，就是一个“hook(钩子)”，用来勾起读者的阅读兴趣。第二段通过一问(My answer？)一答(I look at their body language.)简明扼要地提出，观察学生的肢体语言是了解学生的 关键。文章接下来的三段用了大量的例子来说明学生的肢体语言和他们的情绪状态之间有很强的关联，比如学生如果对课堂内容感兴趣，他们通常会抬头看并和老师有眼神交流。文章最后作出总结，对于学生肢体语言的反应是老师的必修课(Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher.)。 Ⅱ.语言特色 1．动作描写 文章通过运用大量的动作描写(lean forward and look at me、head lowered、have their arms crossed、hide their faces in their hands等)把课堂上学生的各种表现刻画得生动形象，画面感极强，给读者带来一种身临其境的感觉。 2．神态描写 肢体语言反映了相应的情绪状态。作者采用直接描述(look confused)结合动作描写(eyes barely move，wear a frown等)的方式，将课堂上学生的神态呈现在读者面前，读起来生动有趣。 3．多变表达 作者在写作时，运用了丰富的句式结构(句❶中it作形式主语；句❷、❸为复合句，when引导时间状语从句；句❹为复合句，if引导条件状语从句；句❺为复合句以及部分否定，who引导定语从句；句❻用了with 的复合结构；句❼中whatever引导让步状语从句；句❽中动名词短语作主语)，使得语言表达丰富多彩、准确达意、极具张力，避免了呆板乏味。 4．逻辑衔接 (1)文章第三、四、五段的首句就是段落主题句，直接点明了段落的核心内容，使得文章结构清晰，过渡自然，衔接紧密，整体感较强。 (2)文中of course、but、while(conj.尽管)、however、so等体现句子之间、意群之间逻辑关系的短语、并列连词和副词，运用恰当，使得文章衔接自然，逻辑清晰，行文流畅，有效增强了语言的表达效果。 ◆续写积累 1．神态描写之眼神——心理状态、肢体动作 Their eyes barely move，and they always have the same distant expression on their faces.It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open. [仿写]完成句子 ①当她对某件事感到兴奋时，她的蓝眼睛睁得大大的，挥舞着双臂。 When she got excited about something，her blue eyes ___________ and she ______________． ②汉娜闭上眼睛，好像太累了。 Hannah _________________________ she were too tired. 2．心理描写之“焦虑、尴尬、羞愧”——心理状态、肢体动作 Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. [仿写]完成句子 ①我皱起了眉头。 _______ now stood on my face. ②但那人并没有伸出手来，反而感到一阵羞愧，把脸埋了起来。 But instead of reaching out his hand，the man was overcome by a sudden burst of shame and ____________． 　1 tendency n．趋势；倾向 People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. 人们往往会将身体倾向自己感兴趣的事物。 [要点突破] ①have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向/趋势 ②tend v．倾向；往往会；照顾 tend to sb.＝look after sb.照料/照看某人 tend to/towards 倾向于 [写作佳句] (2024·全国甲卷)However，when a cat is looking for affection，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. 然而，当猫咪寻求关爱时，它们往往会发出绵长而柔和的喵喵声。 [学以致用] 赏句猜义/单句填空/同义句改写 ①My mother is so old that she needs to be tended (to). ______ ②We tend to meet up for lunch once a week. _______ ③When you think of a “life without limits” you have a ________(tend) to think that you can do anything. ④(2023·全国乙卷)I tend _________(travel) with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. ⑤People tend to think that the problem will never affect them. →People _______________ to think that the problem will never affect them.(tendency) 　2 stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视 With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 他们手托下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。 [要点突破] ①stare out of ...向……外凝视 ②stare at sb./sth.盯着/凝视某人/某物 [写作佳句] If we stare at the computer screens for a long time，our eyesight will be damaged inevitably. 如果我们长时间盯着电脑屏幕，我们的视力将不可避免地受到损害。 [学以致用] 单句填空/语境选词(stare at/glare at/glance at) ①My teacher stared __ me seriously and then turned to the other tearful girl. ②I didn't know what to say，so I just ______(stare) at the ground. ③_______(stare)out of the window and daydreaming makes me relaxed for a while. ④I _________ my father as if I understood a lot. ⑤I would _________ my watch and our conversation continued. ⑥Madame Bell _________ the whole class，face red with anger，and shouted，“Who threw the eraser？” 　3 distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别 While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 尽管要察觉学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中很容易，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 [要点突破] ①distinguish ...from ...把……与……区分开来；使……有别于…… distinguish between A and B区分A与B distinguish oneself表现突出 ②distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的 be distinguished as ...作为……而闻名 be distinguished for ...因……而出名 [写作佳句] (2024·全国甲卷)However，another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. 然而，猫还用另一种方式来区分不同的情况，那就是寻找熟悉的气味。 “将两物区分开”的表达还有： ①tell A from B ②tell the difference between A and B [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/同义句改写 ①Speech distinguishes human beings ____ animals. ②She distinguished _______(she) with her coolness and bravery. ③Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and _____________(distinguish) voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. ④阅读好书不仅能丰富我们的思想，还能教我们明辨是非。 Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to ___________________________________． ⑤I could distinguish the delicious ones from the not so delicious ones by looking at the appearance of this fruit. →I could distinguish ________________________________________ ________________ by looking at the appearance of this fruit. →I could tell the delicious ones ______________________________ by looking at the appearance of this fruit. →I could tell the difference __________________________________ ______________________ by looking at the appearance of this fruit. 　4 embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的 They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. 他们也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] Last Friday found me totally in a mess and that day I had an embarrassing conflict with my friend Anna at school. 上周五见证了我混乱的状况，那天，我和我的朋友安娜在学校发生了令人尴尬的冲突。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①___________(embarrass) and ashamed，I can't concentrate on anything. ②Kim was on the receiving end of a cold stare from Mrs.O'Meara，whose face reddened with _____________(embarrass). ③I was relieved to hear what she said and knew that she was here to help me resolve the upcoming ____________(embarrass) situation. ④他突然的提问让我感到难堪。 I ________________________ his unexpected question. ⑤听了萨姆的话，这位女士对她所做的事感到尴尬。 After hearing Sam's words，the woman _________________________ ______________________． 　5 ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧 They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. 他们也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] Embarrassed as the father was，he was not ashamed of his son. 尽管这位父亲很尴尬，但他并不为儿子感到羞耻。 ashamed与shameful ashamed意为“感到羞耻/羞愧的”，用来修饰人，多作表语；shameful意为“可耻的；丢脸的”，用来指事物或行为，多作定语。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①He felt _______(shame) of having done so little work. ②I was ashamed _______(tell) him that I had failed. ③Some students take it for granted to waste food，which is a ________(shame) behavior. ④他竟然会做出那样的事，真令人遗憾。 __________________ he should do something like that. 　6 call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；呼吁，号召 Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. 有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕被老师提问。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] On behalf of School Students' Union，I call on all of my fellow students to do what we can to help to decrease the chances of disease infection. 我代表学校学生会，呼吁我所有的同学尽我们所能来帮助减少感染疾病的机会。 [学以致用] 用适当的介词或副词填空/完成句子 ①The sound of happy laughter called __ memories of his childhood. ②Success in school calls ___ much hard work. ③Their travel plan was called ___ because of the bad weather. ④They finally sent her to the big city，where specialists can be called __ to study her rare disease. ⑤我们呼吁人们和政府采取措施抵制光污染。 We _______________________________________________________ to fight against light pollution. 　7 bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心n.麻烦；不便 However，if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. 但是，要是一名学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。 [要点突破] ①bother sb.with sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人；让某人为某事操心 bother about/with sth.为某事费心/烦恼 bother to do sth.费心做某事 ②It bothers sb.to do sth./that ...做某事使某人苦恼。/使某人苦恼的是…… [写作佳句] I am Li Hua，a new Senior 3 student，who is bothered by the overwhelming pressure of my fast­paced life. 我叫李华，是一名高三新生，我为快节奏生活的巨大压力而烦恼。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①I don't want to bother you ____ my hardship. ②I waited in the mall but it seemed nobody bothered _______(look) at me. ③Does __ bother you that she differs with you on that? ④他甚至都没通知我他要来。 He _____________________ let me know he was coming. ⑤让我烦恼的是，他对语言学习不感兴趣。 It ________________ he wasn't interested in language study. 　8 adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯 Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually ... 他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话…… [要点突破] ①adjust to (to为介词)... 适应于…… adjust ...to ...调整……以适应…… adjust oneself to sth.使某人适应某事 ②adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 make adjustments/an adjustment to ...对……进行调整 ③adjustable adj.可调节的 [写作佳句] We should adjust our schedule，take physical exercise，rest regularly，keep away from digital devices before sleep，and make better use of our time in class. 我们应该调整我们的时间表，进行体育锻炼，规律休息，睡前远离电子设备，更好地利用课堂时间。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①The shoes with __________(adjust) heels were invented. ②However，I think that you will quickly adjust __ the new surroundings although the weather and the food here are different from your country. ③He had to make a few ___________(adjust) to his original plan. ④我已经决定我要努力让自己适应高中生活。 I have decided that I will try to _______________________________． 　1 部分否定 Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课。 [情境探究] ①Not all the customers are tourists. 并不是所有的顾客都是游客。 ②Unsurprisingly，not everyone agrees that things are better. ＝Unsurprisingly，everyone does not agree that things are better. 不出所料，并非人人都认同情况有所好转。 ③Both of them are not reliable. ＝Not both of them are reliable. 他们两个人并非都可靠。 [要点突破] all、both、every、everybody、everything、completely、always、whole、entirely 等与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”。 全部否定表达法 表示全部否定意义的词(none、neither、nothing、nobody、never等)与肯定形式的谓语动词连用。 ①None of us could persuade him into giving up smoking. 我们当中没有人能说服他戒烟。 ②Nobody can recognize you in the crowd. 没有人能在人群中认出你。 [学以致用] 完成句子/同义句改写 ①尽管网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的效果都是积极的。 While online shopping has changed our life，______________________ have been positive. ②我同意你说的大部分内容，但我并不同意你讲的一切。 I agree with most of what you said，but I don't _____________________． ③我的一生中，没有什么比第一次参观长城给我的印象更深刻的了。 _______________________________ so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall. ④It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because all of them aren't fit for the jobs. →It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because _______________ are fit for the jobs. 　2 whatever引导让步状语从句 Whatever it is，I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 不管是什么，我知道我需要去探个究竟，搞明白发生了什么事情。 [情境探究] ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. 无论他们做什么，他总是尽自己最大的能力参与其中。 ②In my daily life，I always respect people with disabilities and never make fun of them no matter what happens. 生活中，我始终尊重残障人士，无论发生什么事，我都不会取笑他们。 [要点突破] ①whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 ②whenever、wherever、however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how，意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。 “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，可放在主句前或主句后。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)________ it is，no matter ___ small it might seem，write it down. ②你可以选择商店里你喜欢的任何东西。 You can choose _________________ in the shop. ③无论距离有多远，我们都会感觉彼此很亲近。 ______________________________ we are，we feel close to each other. $$