Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking(课件PPT)-【优化指导】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE (单元主题语境：人与社会——肢体语言的交际意义) Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking 栏 目 索 引 自主落实·掌握语言知识 熟读精思·研读文本精华 互动探究·精研核心知识 自主落实·掌握语言知识 gesture witness cheek bow waist barrier fake UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 interaction vary appropriate approve UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 demonstrate employ identical interpret UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 differ favour anger reliable UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 vary from ...to ... approve of sth. be appropriate to ... by contrast by comparison break down 亲吻某人的脸颊 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 通过；用完；接通电话；渡过(困难时期等) 寻求帮助；求助 在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的 笑脸。 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 熟读精思·研读文本精华 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 the body language in our life UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 to express varies that/which Making by approved UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 meanings employing down better UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 使用 雇用 从事于，忙于(做某事) UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 分别 部分 参加；参与 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 (被)支撑；(使)倚靠 剩余部分 休息(时间) UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 Looking into her shining eyes UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 looked down UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 nodded my head shook her head UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 互动探究·精研核心知识 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 various in varieties with UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 a variety of/varieties of activities varying from paper-­cutting to calligraphy UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 inappropriate an appropriately UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 his music (should) be played at this festival are appropriate to/for It is appropriate to wear UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 By with/to are contrasted with UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 of approval trying UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 gave his approval to us making a video to record our experiences approved of us making a video to record our experiences UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 witnesses to UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 witnessed witnessed how people cared for each other UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 employment are employed employed UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 Employed in reading Employing himself in reading UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 differences can make a great difference UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 differs obviously from is obviously different from are obvious differences UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 偏心，偏袒 喜爱 帮助 赞同 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 in UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 favourites favourable and I'd like you to do me a favour/do a favour for me UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 (身体)垮掉 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 消除 分解 出故障 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 out into UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 out away down up the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 on reliable on UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 rely on him to pay back rely on it that he will pay back UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 more worrying more intelligent more a more interesting novel UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 高中英语　选择性必修　第一册　R 返回导航 课时梯级训练(十三) 谢 谢 Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．_______ n．手势；姿势；姿态 2．_______ vt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人 3．_____ n．面颊；脸颊 4．___ vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结 5．_____ n．腰；腰部 6．_______ n．隔阂；障碍 7．____ adj.假装的；假的；冒充的 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．interact vi.互动；相互影响→___________ n．交流；相互影响 2．____ vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样化；多变性 3．___________ adj.合适的；恰当的→appropriately adv.适当地，恰当地→inappropriate adj.不恰当的 4．_______ vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；认可→disapproval n．反对 5．___________ vt.表现；表达；说明；证明→demonstration n．演示；表达；证明 6．______ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employment n．雇用；使用；就业→employer n．老板，雇主→employee n．员工 7．_________ adj.相同的→identically adv.相同地；同一地 8．_________ vt.把……理解(解释)为vi.& vt.口译→interpreter n．口译员→interpretation n．解释；演绎 9．______ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；分别的→difference n．差异；不同之处 10．_______(NAmE vor) vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourite adj.最喜爱的 11．_____ n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地 12．rely v．相信，信赖；依靠，依赖→________ adj.可靠的；可信赖的 前缀in­表示“非；不；相反的”。 accurate→inaccurate　correct→incorrect capable→incapable　convenient→inconvenient Ⅲ.短语互译 1．从……到……变化/不等 ___________________ 2．赞成/批准某事 _______________ 3．适合…… _____________________ 4．相比之下 ___________ 5．(与……)相比较 _____________ 6．消除；分解；打破 __________ 7．kiss sb.on the cheek ____________________ 8．get through _______________________________________ 9．ask for help __________________ Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：“连词＋doing”省略句 教材原句：In Japan，it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ 2．句型：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 教材原句：And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ ________________ Ⅰ.原文释译 LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions① with other people.We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.Words are important，but ❶the way people stand，hold their arms，and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings． ❶the way后的从句为定语从句，省略了关系词that/in which。 Just like spoken language，body language varies②from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate③ to the culture you are in.For example，making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries is a way to display④ interest.In other countries，by contrast⑤，eye contact is not always approved⑥of.For example，in many Middle Eastern countries，men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact.In Japan，❷it may demonstrate⑦respect to look down when talking to an older person． ❷it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语to look down。 The gesture⑧ for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures.In Japan，someone who witnesses⑨ another person employing⑩ the gesture might think it means money.In France，a person encountering⑪an identical⑫ gesture may interpret⑬ it as meaning zero.However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，❸as it is not considered polite． ❸as引导原因状语从句。 Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ⑭ around the world.In many countries，shaking one's head means“no”，and nodding means“yes”．By comparison⑮，in Bulgaria and southern Albania，the gestures have the opposite meaning.❹There are also differences in how we touch each other，how close we stand to someone we are talking to，and how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia，people may ❺kiss their friends on the cheek ⑯ when they meet.Elsewhere，people favour⑰ shaking hands，bowing⑱ from the waist⑲，or nodding the head when they meet someone else. ❹本句为there be句型，其中包含三个并列的由how引导的宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。在第二个宾语从句中，we are talking to为省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词someone；第三个宾语从句中包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。 ❺此处为“及物动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名词”结构。 Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.❻Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”． A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. ❻并列的动词­ing形式(短语)作主语，表示一个完整的动作，故谓语动词用单数形式。 Some body language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can break down⑳ barriers.We can use a smile to apologise，to greet someone，to ask for help，or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.And if we are feeling down or lonely，❼there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend． ❼“nothing better than ...”为“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。 ◆难词注解 ①interaction n．交流；相互影响 ②vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变 ③appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的 ④display vt.显示，显露；展示 ⑤by contrast相比之下 ⑥approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过 ⑦demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明 ⑧gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态 ⑨witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 ⑩employ vt.使用；应用；雇用 ⑪encounter vt.遇到，遭遇；不期而遇 ⑫identical adj.相同的 ⑬interpret vt. 把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt. 口译 ⑭differ vi.相异；不同于 ⑮by comparison(与……)相比较 ⑯cheek n．面颊；脸颊 ⑰favour vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同 ⑱bow vi. 鞠躬；点头 vt. 低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结 ⑲waist n．腰；腰部 ⑳break down消除；分解；打破 barrier n．隔阂；障碍 参考译文 听听肢体是怎么说话的 在与他人的交往中，我们用话语和肢体语言来表达自己的思想和观点。通过观察肢体语言，我们可以洞察人们的想法。话语十分重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的方式，也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。 和口语一样，肢体语言因文化的不同而不同。关键在于，要使用你所处的文化里得当的肢体语言。例如，在一些国家，眼神交流——直视某人的眼睛——是表达兴趣的一种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，社交上不允许男性和女性进行眼神交流。在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。 “OK”这个手势在不同的文化中有着不同的含义。在日本，一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势，可能会认为这表示金钱。在法国，面对同样的手势，人们可能会将其理解为“零”的意思。然而，在巴西和德 国，你应该避免做出这个手势，因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。 即便是用于表示“是”和“不”的手势语，在世界各地也不尽相同。在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部地区，这两个身势语的含义截然相反。我们如何触碰对方、说话时与对方之间的距离、见面或分别时的表现，也都各不相同。在法国、俄罗斯等国家，朋友见面时会相互亲吻脸颊。在其他地方，与别人见面时，人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。 有些手势语似乎在任何地方都有着同样的意义。双手合十放在头部的一侧，同时闭上你的眼睛，表示“睡觉”。表示“我吃饱了”的一个好方式，就是在饭后用手在肚子上画圈。 某些肢体语言有着许多不同的用处。最好的例子可能就是微笑了。微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境，在全是陌生人的世界里交到朋友。微笑可以消除隔阂。我们可以用微笑来道歉，问候他人，寻求帮助或开启对话。专家建议，我们应该对着镜子微笑，让自己感到更加快乐和坚强。当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。 Ⅱ.文本理解 ►主旨大意 The passage is mainly about _____________________________． ►文章架构 ►主旨匹配 (　　)Para.1　A．Body language varies in different cultures. (　　)Para.2　B．Body language can show our feelings. (　　)Para.3　C．The gestures for “yes” and “no” are different. (　　)Para.4　D．The different meanings of“OK”． (　　)Para.5　E．Smiling has many different uses. (　　)Para.6　F．Some gestures with the same meaning. 答案：Para.1～Para.6 BADCFE ►细节探究 1．What does the gesture for “OK” mean in Japan？(　　) A．Zero. B．Money. C．Impolite. D．Yes. 2．What do people in France usually do when they meet their friends？(　　) A．They make eye contact. B．They employ the “OK” gesture. C．They kiss their friends on the cheek. D．They shake their hands and nod their heads. 3．What will you do to express “I am full”？(　　) A．Shaking your head. B．Placing your hands together. C．Placing your hands on the stomach. D．Moving your hand in circles over your stomach. 4．What does the sentence “there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend” imply？(　　) A．A friend's smiling face can drive away our bad mood. B．We can ask our friends to smile when we are sad. C．Smiling is a good way to break down barriers. D．A smile helps us find friends in a world of strangers. 5．Why does the author mention the body language “smiling”？(　　) A．To smile to find a stranger as a friend. B．To explain different uses of the body language. C．To suggest smiling in the mirror all day. D．To comfort the friend when he feels down. 答案：1～5 BCDAB ►课文语法填空 We use both words and body language 1.__________(express) our thoughts and opinions.Just like spoken language，body language 2.______ (vary) from culture to culture.The crucial thing is using body language in a way 3.__________ is appropriate to the culture you are in.4.______(make) eye contact in some countries is a way to display interest.In other countries，5.__ contrast，eye contact is not always 6.________(approve)of.The gesture for “OK” has different 7.________(meaning) in different cultures.In Japan，someone who witnesses another person 8._________(employ) the gesture might think it means money.Some body language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.A smile can break 9.____ barriers.If we are feeling down，there is nothing 10.______(good) than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义 1．employ ①In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. ______ ②How many people does the company employ？______ ③She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done. ____________________ 2．part ①There are also differences in how we touch each other，how close we stand to someone we are talking to，and how we act when we meet or part. ______ ②We spent part of the time in the museum. ______ ③He had no part in the decision. ___________ 3．rest ①Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”． ______________________ ②The first question was difficult，but the rest were pretty easy. ____________ ③After five day's working，all you need is a good rest. _____________ Ⅳ.教材续写积累 1．动作描写之眼部动作 ①For example，making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. 例如，在一些国家，眼神交流——直视某人的眼睛——是表达兴趣的一种方式。 ②In Japan，it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. 在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。 [仿写]完成句子 ①看着她闪亮的眼睛，我平静下来，然后带着她如一缕阳光般温暖的话语走上舞台。 _____________________________，I calmed down and then walked onto the stage with her warm words like a ray of sunshine. ②丽莎点了点头，但随即失望地低下了头。 Lisa nodded，but then ___________ in disappointment. 2．动作描写之头部动作 In many countries，shaking one's head means“no”，and nodding means “yes”． 在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。 [仿写]完成句子 ①我点点头，低声说：“是的，先生。”我犯了一个多么大的错误啊！ I ______________ and said in a low voice，“Yes，sir.”What a big mistake I had made! ②害羞的她习惯性地摇了摇头，转移了视线，在那里呆滞了几秒钟。 Shy，she customarily ______________ and averted her gaze，numb there for seconds. 　1 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变 Just like spoken language，body language varies from culture to culture. 和口语一样，肢体语言因文化的不同而不同。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] In Chongqing，you can buy delicate handicrafts and taste a wide variety of local foods including hotpot there. 在重庆，你可以买到精致的手工艺品，品尝到包括火锅在内的各种当地美食。 a variety of/varieties of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/句型转换 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on _______(vary) subjects there. ②Though Lucy and Lily are twins，they vary __ character. ③There are _________(variety) of reasons in favour of my opinion that space exploration is worthwhile. ④Changes in price normally vary ____ changes of supply and need. ⑤该活动于上周三在学校操场举行，包括常规的田径比赛等多种活动。 The event，held in the schoolyard last Wednesday，witnessed ______ _____________________________，including regular track and field events. ⑥A wide range of Chinese art forms will be presented，which varies from paper­cutting to calligraphy. →A wide range of Chinese art forms will be presented，___________ ______________________________．(用分词作状语) 　2 appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的 The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 关键在于，要使用你所处的文化里得当的肢体语言。 [要点突破] ①be appropriate to/for ...对……来说是合适的/恰当的 It is appropriate for sb. to do sth.＝It is appropriate that sb.(should) do sth.某人做某事是恰当的。 ②appropriately adv.适当地 ③inappropriate adj.不恰当的；不合适的 [写作佳句] Only in appropriate ways can we properly deal with pressure. 只有用适当的方式，我们才能正确地处理压力。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①It's _________________(appropriate) to judge a person from his appearance. ②At __ appropriate moment，I'll offer the visitors some coffee. ③You need to participate in extracurricular activities _____________ (appropriate)to achieve a balance between learning and activities. ④他的音乐在这个节日里演奏是合适的。 It is appropriate that _________________________________________． ⑤在这个场合穿朴素的衣服是合适的。 →Plain and simple clothes ______________________ this occasion. →______________________ plain and simple clothes on this occasion. 　3 by contrast 相比之下 In other countries，by contrast，eye contact is not always approved of. 相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] The snow was icy and white，contrasting with the brilliant blue sky，which composed a wonderful landscape painting. 冰冷的白雪和明媚的蓝天交相辉映，组成了一幅绝妙的风景画。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①___ contrast，Mary is more diligent than Tom. ②In contrast __________ their computer system，ours seems very old­fashioned. ③当这些人造花和自然花对比时，你几乎看不出区别。 When the artificial flowers ___________________ natural ones，you can hardly tell the difference. 　4 approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过 In other countries，by contrast，eye contact is not always approved of. 相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 [要点突破] ①approve sth.批准/通过某事 approve of (sb./one's) doing sth.赞成/同意(某人)做某事 ②approval n．赞成；同意；批准；通过 get one's approval 得到某人的同意/批准 give one's approval to ...某人同意/批准…… [写作佳句] (2024·北京卷)The approval of others is rewarding，while their disapproval is strongly disliked. 他人的赞许令人欣慰，而他们的反对则让人十分反感。 “赞成/同意某人做某事”不可以用approve sb.to do sth.，因为approve用作“同意；赞成”时是不及物动词，所以应该用approve of sb./one's doing sth.，其中介词of后是动词­ing的复合结构。 [学以致用] 单句填空/一句多译 ①Most parents approve __ their children taking advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams. ②I would appreciate it if my application could get your ________ (approve). ③I approve of your ______(try) to earn some money，but please don't neglect your studies. ④老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历。 →The teacher ______________________________________________ __________________ at school.(approval) →The teacher ______________________________________________ at school.(approve) 　5 witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人 In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 在日本，一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势，可能会认为这表示金钱。 [要点突破] ①witness sth.当场看到，目击(尤指罪行或事故) ②be (a) witness to sth.目击/看见某事(发生)；是某事的目击者/见证人 [写作佳句] On October 30th，we witnessed the launch of Shenzhou­19 into space with excitement. 10月30日，我们满怀激动地见证了神舟十九号的发射。 witness作“见证”讲时，同see等词一样，可以用时间或地点名词作主语，使用拟人化的手法。 Time seemed to cease to witness the great moment. 时间似乎停止了，为了见证这个伟大的时刻。 [学以致用] 单句填空/词汇升级/完成句子 ①Historic sites serve as carriers and _________(witness) of history；paying a visit to them enables us to get exposed to our history and culture in depth. ②Every shovel(铲子) of snow was a witness __ the energy and excitement in me. ③The next morning，when John came downstairs，he saw the dog standing by the window and looking outside._________ ④就在那一天，我见证了人们是如何互相关心的。 On that very day I _________________________________________． 　6 employ vt.使用；应用；雇用 In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 在日本，一个人看到另外一个人使用这个手势，可能会认为这表示金钱。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] However，we cannot live with our parents forever because of further education，employment or something else. 然而，因为深造学业、就业或其他事情，我们不能永远和我们的父母住在一起。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句型转换 ①Mr.Smith will be invited to give students ____________(employ) guidance before graduation. ②More than 3，000 local workers ____________(employ) in the tourism industry at present. ③The report examined teaching method __________(employ) in the classroom. ④He was employed in reading and he didn't see Tom come in. →___________________，he didn't see Tom come in.(过去分词短语作状语) →____________________________，he didn't see Tom come in.(现在分词短语作状语) 　7 differ vi.相异；不同于 Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. 即便是用于表示“是”和“不”的手势语，在世界各地也不尽相同。 [要点突破] [写作佳句] With the development of science and technology，our life in the future will greatly differ from what it is now. 随着科学技术的发展，我们未来的生活将与现在有很大的不同。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Though there are many similarities about table manners between our countries，there are still some ___________(different). ②每个人的微小努力都会对我们的社会起到巨大作用。 Small efforts made by everyone ___________________________ to our society. ③英式英语和美式英语在发音和拼写方面差别明显。 →British English ______________________ American English in pronunciation and spelling.(differ) →British English ___________________________ American English in pronunciation and spelling.(different) →There _______________________ between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.(difference) 　8 favour(NAmEvor) vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同；喜爱；偏心，偏袒 Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 在其他地方，与别人见面时，人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。 [情境探究] 写出下列句中favour的含义 ①We have to apply the same rules to everyone，showing no favour. ____________ ②Chinese export commodities have enjoyed growing favour among buyers abroad. ______ ③I want to ask a favour of you.Will you lend me your car？______ ④I talked to Susie about travelling abroad，and she was all in favour of going abroad. ______ [要点突破] ①in favour of支持，赞同；有利于 in sb.'s favour有利于某人 ②do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb.给某人以恩惠；帮助某人 ask sb.a favour＝ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙 ③favourable adj.赞同的；有利的；给人好印象的 ④favourite adj.特别喜爱的 n．特别喜爱的人或事物 [写作佳句] The meeting came to a close.The majority voted in favour of the proposal. 会议结束了，大多数人投票赞成这项提议。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Everyone present at the meeting was __ favour of what he put forward. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These plants included modern Western __________ (favourite) such as rosemary，lavender and fennel. ③He made a __________(favour) impression on his future colleagues. ④我想告诉你一些关于我暑假计划的事情，并且我希望你能帮我一个忙。 I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation _____________________________________________________． 　9 break down消除；分解；打破；出故障；(身体)垮掉 A smile can break down barriers. 微笑可以消除隔阂。 [情境探究] 写出下列句中break down的含义 ①His health broke down at last；I think it was because he had overworked.____________ ②The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them. ______ ③It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down，but much less time for paper. ______ ④For example，if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. _______ [要点突破] [写作佳句] I was still living in London when the war broke out. 战争爆发的时候我还住在伦敦。 [学以致用] 用适当的介词或副词填空/完成句子 ①He was only 10 when the war broke ___． ②Burglars broke ____ the empty house while the owner was away on holiday. ③A quarrel broke ___ between the couple，which made their son break ____ from his family. ④The computer system broke ______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. ⑤I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken __，for they seemed very happy together when I last saw them. ⑥真的，我爸爸开的卡车经常在路上抛锚，这给我爸爸带来了麻烦。 Really，__________________________________________________，which made my dad in trouble.　 　10 reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings，their body language or the words they speak? 要理解一个人的感受，他们的肢体语言与他们说的话，哪个是更可靠的指引呢？ [要点突破] [写作佳句] (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. 这一创新设计几乎不需要什么努力就能实现每周新鲜绿叶蔬菜的可靠供应。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句式升级 ①I realized there was no one left to help me and I could only rely __ myself. ②My friend is a ________(rely) person，and you can rely __ it that he will give you a hand. ③We may rely on his paying back all the debts. →We may _______________________ all the debts.(用不定式改写句子) →We may ________________________________ all the debts.(用it作形式宾语改写句子) “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。 [情境探究] ①Peter likes nothing better than going to the coast and letting the boat drift aimlessly in the sea. 彼得最喜欢去海边，让船在海中漫无目的地漂流。 ②Nobody can do the work better than he did. 这项工作他做得最出色。 ③I have never met a kinder man. 我从来没遇见过这么宽容的人。 [要点突破] 在“否定词＋比较级”句式中，常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。 比较级表达最高级含义的常用句式如下： ①比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 ②比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词 ③比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 “can't ...enough”与“can't ...too ...”表示“再怎么……也不过分”，用否定形式表示肯定意义。 You can't be too careful. 你再怎么小心也不为过。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句型转换 ①I have never spent a _____________(worrying) day. ②Tom is ________________(intelligent) than any other student/all the other students in his class. ③—We're sure to overcome this disease. —I couldn't agree with you _____(much). ④It is the most interesting novel I've ever read. →I have never read ________________________．(否定词＋比较级) $$