专题2.1.1 代词（重温高考 + 考点精析 + 易错点聚焦 + 考点集训）2026届高考英语一轮复习【语法核心突破·精讲精练】

专题2.1.1 代 词 2026届高考英语一轮复习 【语法核心突破•精讲精练】 目录 contents 1. 重温2020-2025年高考真题 考向1 人称、物主与反身代词 考向2 替代词及不定代词 2. 考点精析 代词的核心考点 it 的用法 不定代词 3. 考点集训 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(代词专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 1. (2025年全国高考英语II卷)Over time, I’ve found ________ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 2. (2023·全国卷甲卷)This area, with ____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __ (for) all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰其后的名词beauty，应该用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 考向1 人称、物主与反身代词 单句语法填空 myself its 3. (2023·全国新课标卷I) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of _______ (they) contents. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。此空修饰后面的名词contents (东西)，需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4. (2020·全国卷II) Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of _____ (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我们鼓励读者在每卷中都包含的“进一步资源”部分的指导下，继续探索数字世界。所填的词在句中作定语，修饰名词Further Resources section，所以用形容词性的物主代词。故填our。 their our 5. (2020·全国卷II) ... in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ______ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 【解析】考查名词性物主代词。根据前一句来理解，说明“......也确实深深在印在我的记忆中”，此处应该是my memory，然后依照语法规则，用mine来代替my memory。故填mine。 6. (2020·全国卷I) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：关于月球成分的数据，例如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可能有助于中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。根据空格后的名词plan及前面的结构可知，此空要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 mine its 7. (2020·新高考全国卷I) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 【解析】考查反身代词的用法。句意：参观者除了观看展品，还可以通过电脑模拟来玩耍，想象自己生活在不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。句子主语是visitors，此空又在动词imagine后面做宾语，应该用反身代词。故填themselves。 themselves 考向 2 替代词及不定代词 单句语法填空 1. (2024年1月浙江卷) Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking       (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【解析】考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许其中一些更具前瞻性的产品，最终会推出一系列“为你量身定制”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。根据空白处前的 some of 可知，空白处应填不定代词 one的复数形式 ones，some of +复数名词 / 代词意为“……中的一些”。故填ones。 2. (2025·湖南长沙·二模) Despite her profession not being ___ (directly) related to opera, she actively seeks opportunities to learn and perform _______. 【解析】考查代词。句意：尽管她的职业与戏曲没有直接关系，但她积极寻找学习和表演戏曲的机会。设空处单词作宾语，指代前面的单数名词opera，用代词it作宾语。故填it。 ones it 3. (24-25高三下·重庆·阶段练习)Another member noted, “Actually, we find its head particularly similar to        of Ultraman.” 【解析】考查代词。句意：另一名成员指出，“实际上，我们发现它的头部与奥特曼特别相似。”空格处用that指代前面的head，表示“它的头部与奥特曼的头部特别相似”，故填that。 4.(2025·重庆·三模) “Working with publishers all over the world, including          from China, are essential for sharing knowledge,” says Martin Liu, chief operating officer at LID Publishing, whose London-based company released the English edition of The Power of Time,       (a) Chinese book. 【解析】考查代词。句意：与全球的出版商合作，包括来自中国的出版商，对于分享知识至关重要。这里表示“来自中国的出版商”，需用代词those指代前文提到的publishers。故填those。 that those 5.(24-25高三下·广东深圳·阶段练习)With the enhancement of China’s cultural soft power, domestic animation, Xiaohongshu, Douyin, and  _        are gradually becoming new vehicles for cultural export, helping Chinese stories reach the world. 【解析】考查代词。句意：随着中国文化软实力的提升，国产动画、小红书、抖音等正逐渐成为文化输出的新载体，帮助中国故事走向世界。空处和Xiaohongshu, Douyin并列，作主语，表示“其他事物”，应用代词others。故填others。 6.(2025·湖南长沙·模拟预测)These products are now exported to over 10 countries and regions, including          in Europe, America, and Southeast Asia, bringing the “taste of home” to overseas Chinese communities. 【解析】考查代词。句意：这些产品目前出口到10多个国家和地区，包括欧美和东南亚的那些国家和地区，为海外华人社区带来“家乡的味道”。此处指代前文“countries and regions”，为复数，用those指代同类事物。故填those。 others those 2.考点精析 代词的分类 复 数 复 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 人称代词 主语 I you he, she, it we you they 宾格 me you him, her, it us you them 物主代词 形容词性 my your his, her, its our your their 名词性 mine yours his, hers, its ours yours theirs 反身代词 myself yourself himself, herself, itself ourselves yourselves themselves 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such, the same 疑问代词连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that as 不定代词 some, any, every, each, many, much, a few, a little, all, none, both, either, neither, other, another 相互代词 each other, one another 代词分为九类，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 代词的核心考点 1. 人称代词 人称代词主格 I you (你) you (你们) we he she it they 人称代词宾格 me you you us him her it them 人称代词主格=主语/同位语 人称代词作主语时，应用主格形式 They always thought I would become an English teacher. 主语 主语 人称代词宾格用作表语/宾语： 人称代词宾格形式作及物动词或介词的宾语 人称代词宾格形式在系动词后作表语 ①I’m calling to ask you about the delivery. (我打电话给你，是询问发货的事。) ②As he is just a small child, you must be patient with him. (他只不过是个小孩子,你应该对他耐心点。) 作动词宾语 作介词宾语 2. 物主代词 形容词性物主代词 my your (你的) your (你们的) our his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine yours yours ours his hers its theirs 形容词性物主代词(定语)+名词形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，置于名词前作定语形容词性物主代词 +own + 名词“某人自己的……” ①She drove her car into the local game reserve. ②They made their own clothes. 作定语，修饰car 作定语，修饰clothes 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 名词性物主代词后不能接名词 在句中作主语、动词或介词的宾语或表语 ①Her apples are cheap. Mine are cheaper than hers. 她的苹果很便宜，我的比她的还便宜。 ②She’s an old friend of my mother’s. 她是我妈妈的一个老朋友。 作主语 作宾语 2. 反身代词 单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 动词/介词 +oneself/系动词 +oneself 反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语，但不可作主语 反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致 ①I could not wait another day to introduce myself. 我一天都等不了, 急着要介绍我自己。 ②I will be myself in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。 作动词宾语 作表语 含反身代词的固定搭配 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 teach oneself 自学 behave oneself 举止得体 seat oneself 坐下 come to oneself 苏醒 devote oneself to 致力于…… help oneself to 自己取用…… make oneself at home 不拘束 hurt oneself 弄伤自己 express oneself 表达自己 pride oneself on sth. 以……为自豪 talk to oneself 自言自语 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 amuse oneself 自娱自乐 find oneself (doing sth/ in a situation) 发现自己（处于某种状态或做某事） by oneself 独自地 of oneself 自动地 for oneself 为自己 in oneself 本身 it 的用法 it =上文出现的同一个人或事物 it 与 one/that 等代词用法在阅读理解的词义猜测题中是考查热点，应特别重视。 it = 上文的原文/原物/原人 one = a(n)+ 单数可数名词 ones = 泛指的复数名词 the one = the + 单数可数名词 that = the + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 the ones/those =the +复数名词 ①Where is wheat grown? It’s grown in the middle of China. 什么地方种植小麦？中国中部种植小麦。 ②His father bought him an excellent gift, one (= a gift) he had never seen. 他父亲给了他一份非常好的礼物，一份他从来没有见过的（礼物）。 ③The weather in Wuhan this year is much hotter than that several years ago. 今年武汉的天气比几年前热多了。 ④The students in Class One are more active than those (the students) in Class Four. 一班的学生比四班的学生活跃。 it 指代说话者不清楚的人/性别不明的婴儿 Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. (一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。) Who is knocking the door? It must be Mr. Johns. (谁在敲门？一定是琼斯。) it= 时间、天气、距离、环境等 ①Put on more clothes, Mary. It is very cold today. (多穿点衣服，Mary，今天外面很冷。) ②It is not far from my home to my school. (我家离我们学校不远。) ③It has been decades since the city last experienced such a drought. (这座城市上次遭遇如此干旱已是几十年前。) ④It was quiet in the abandoned hospital, with only the sound of dripping water echoing through the halls. (废弃医院里很安静，只有滴水声在走廊回荡。) it指代身份不明的人 指天气 指距离 指时间 指环境 it 作形式主语、代替不定式、动名词或从句 It be + adj. ( + of/for sb. ) +不定式 It be no good / use / pleasure + doing sth.做某事没有好处/用 处/乐趣 It is worthwhile to do / doing sth. 值得做某事 It takes (+ sb.) some time / money to do sth.（某人）花时间/ 钱做某事 It + 动词(take / cost / make等) + 宾语 + to do sth. It + be + 形容词/名词 + that / whether / wh-从句 It + 动词(seem / occur / strike等) + that从句 It is a pity / a fact / no wonder + that 从句 很遗憾……/事实 是……/难怪…… It is said / reported / believed / considered...that 从句 据说/ 报道/相信/认为…… It occurs to / hits / strikes sb. that从句 某人突然想起…… It is up to sb. to do sth.（由某人决定。） It remains unclear how to do sth. ① It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 你有必要在不用车时，将它锁上。 ② It is no pleasure staying at home doing homework all day. 整天呆在家里做家庭作业，让人感觉无趣。 ③ It’s a wonder that you could finish such a hard task in such a short time. 你在如此短的时间完成这么难的任务真是个奇迹。 ④It is only worthwhile to buy this software if you use it regularly. 只有经常使用，买这个软件才值得。 形式主语 真正的主语 形式主语 形式主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 形式主语 真正的主语 ⑤It is commonly believed that breakfast is the most important meal. 人们普遍认为早餐是最重要的一餐。 ⑥It suddenly occurred to the team that they were using outdated data. 团队突然意识到他们在用过时的数据。 ⑦Some believe it’s up to governments to regulate AI development. 有人认为政府应监管AI发展。 ⑧It’s no good crying over spilt milk - we need to find a solution. 覆水难收，我们需要找到解决方案。 形式主语 形式主语 形式主语 形式主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 it 作形式宾语→主语 + 谓语 + it + to do / doing /从句 主语 + like / enjoy / prefer / love / hate / dislike / appreciate + when/if 从句 主语 + think / believe / find / consider / feel / make 等 + it + adj./ n. (for / of sb.) to do / 从句 主语 + think / believe / find / consider / feel / make 等 + it + useless / worthwhile / no use / no good + doing... ①I would appreciate it if you pay back the money you borrowed. 如果你归还你借的钱，我将不胜感激。 ②I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child should make such a foolish mistake. 我仍然觉得很难想像，一个这么聪明的孩子竟然会犯如此愚蠢的错误。 真正的宾语 形式宾语 形式宾语 真正的宾语 it 用于固定结构 make it 成功；设法到达；约定时间 manage it 设法做成 get it 明白 take it easy 别着急 leg it 快跑；匆忙离开 brave it out 坚持到底；硬撑下去 cut it fine 时间卡得很紧；勉强赶上 call it a day 结束一天的工作；到此为止 beat it 走开；滚蛋(非正式，语气较强) hit it off 相处融洽；一见如故 cool it 冷静下来；悠着点 as it is 照现状 as someone put it 照某人所说 Don’t mention it.不客气。 believe it or not 信不信由你 when it comes to...谈到…… Easy does it. 小心行事；慢慢来 You asked for it. 你自找的(通常指不好的结果) That’s it. 就这样；结束了 It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行；不雨则已，一雨倾盆 It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹未为晚 It is easier to get than to keep it. 得之易，守之难 It is better to be clothed in rags than to be clothed with shame. 宁可穿破衣，不可蒙耻辱 不定代词 不同范围下不定代词的使用 都 任何（一个） 都不 另外 两者 both either neither the other 三者或三者以上 all any none another ①They both help with household chores every weekend. 他们俩每周末都帮忙做家务。 ②You can buy either of these two dresses - they’re both beautiful. 这两条裙子你买哪条都行，都很漂亮。 ③If you don’t like this restaurant, we can go to another (one). 如果你不喜欢这家餐厅，我们可以去另一家。 ④“Are you going to the party?” “I haven’t decided, but I’ll be there one way or the other.” “你去参加派对吗？” “还没决定，但我总会去的。” many, much, few, little few“很少人（或事物、地方）”、a few“有些（人、事物、地 方）；一些”，指代复数名词 little“不多的”，a little“少量的；一些”，指代不可数名词 many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数；much表示“许多”，修饰 不可数名词 ①Our startup made a little money in its first year, which was encouraging. 我们的初创公司第一年赚了点钱，这很鼓舞人心。 ②Very few of those who applied met the job requirements. 那些申请者中，几乎没人满足工作要求。 表肯定含义，修饰不可数名词 money 表否定含义，指代可数名词teachers none, nothing, no one / nobody 的区别 none 指人或物，表特指，可与 of 短语连用，对应疑问词 how many / much nothing指物，表泛指，不与of短语连用，对应疑问词 what no one/nobody 指代人，表泛指，不与of短语连用，对应疑问词 who ①I checked all the boxes, but none contained the missing documents. 我检查了所有箱子，但没有一个装着丢失的文件。 ②I arrived at the remote village and found no one spoke English. 我到达那个偏远村庄时，发现没人会说英语。 代词的部分否定和全部否定 all, both, everyone, everybody, everything以及“every +名词”与 not 连用时，表部分否定 no one, nobody, none, neither, not...any/either 以及“no+ 名词”表全部否定 not 与总括性副词，如：everywhere, always 等连用时，也表示部分否定 ①The museum has many paintings, though not all of them are authentic. / The museum has many paintings, though all of them are not authentic. 他们当中，并非所有人的行动都是出于利己的目的。 ②Not both of these methods can be applied simultaneously. / Both of these methods can not be applied simultaneously. 这两种方法不能同时使用。 ③Not everybody in our class likes reading classical novels. / Everybody in our class doesn’t like reading classical novels. 并非我们班的每个人都喜欢看古典小说。 ⑤The simple fact is that not everything from history survives the historical process. 一个简单的事实是，并非历史上的一切都能在历史进程中幸存。 习惯搭配中的不定代词 nothing but 仅仅；只是 anything but 决不 each other（两者）互相 one another (三者或以上）互相 one after another 一个接一个 every other day 每隔一天 some...others...一些……另一些…… some..., the others..一些……，其余的全部…… one..., the others...一个……，其余的全部…… some... some...others..有些……，有些……，另一些…… 3.考点集训 I.单句语法填空：（用适当的代词填空） 1. The teacher asked, “Whose essay is this? It’s certainly not ______ (I). The handwriting is completely different.” 【解析】mine 空格后无名词，需用名词性物主代词作表语。I的名词性物主代词为mine，这里=my essay。 2. When the twins finished the project, they proudly said they did it all by ______ (they). 【解析】themselves 固定搭配by oneself (独立完成)，句子主语是they，对应反身代词themselves。关键考点：反身代词与主语的人称/数一致。对比：by them (仅表被动，无“独立完成”含义)。 3. “______ (who) dictionary was left in the library?” the librarian asked, holding up a thick Oxford Advanced Learner’s. 【解析】Whose 空格修饰名词dictionary，需用疑问代词所有格形式。who的所有格为whose，功能相当于形容词性物主代词。陷阱选项：Who’s (是who is缩写，不符合语法)。 4. The historical site ______ we visited last summer has been listed as a World Heritage Site. 【解析】which / that 定语从句中缺宾语，先行词site为物，可用which / that或省略。不可用where (从句中visit为及物动词，需宾语)。高考高频考点：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 5. “These instructions are confusing. Could you please pass me ______ on the top shelf?” the technician said. 【解析】those 指代远处复数名词(instructions)，需用复数指示代词。此空those特指“the ones on the top shelf”。对比：this / these指近处，that / those指远处。 6. After failing the audition, the actor locked ______ (he) in the dressing room for hours. 【解析】himself 主语the actor与宾语为同一人，需用反身代词。男性单数反身代词为himself。典型错误：填him (语义错误，无法体现“自我封闭”)。 7. Your analysis is insightful, but ______ (we) covers more experimental data. 【解析】ours 比较句中空格后无名词，需用名词性物主代词(=our analysis)。we的名词性物主代词为ours。易混点：our (形容词性，后需接名词)。 8. “______ matters more: a high salary or job satisfaction?” the career advisor asked. 【解析】What 疑问代词作主语，指代抽象概念(重要的事物)。what可单独引导主语从句。干扰项：Which (用于有限选择，此处无范围限制)。 9. The endangered species ______ habitat was destroyed now faces extinction. 【解析】whose 定语从句中需表示“物种的栖息地”，用关系代词所有格。whose在定语从句中，既可指人也可指物，此处修饰habitat。难点：whose在从句中作定语，不可省略。 10. “I can’t believe you took ______ (I) notes without asking! These are my private lecture records!” the professor exclaimed. 【解析】my 空格后接名词notes，需形容词性物主代词作定语。I的形容词性物主代词为my。典型错误：填mine(名词性，后不可接名词)。 Ⅱ.语法填空(原创)(代词专练) When I first volunteered at the animal shelter last month, the manager handed me a registration form with a smile. “Please fill in   (you) personal information here first,” she said gently. “Most newcomers find   quite challenging to adapt initially, but I believe you’ll soon get used to   (we) daily routines.” As I was writing, I noticed a medium-sized dog watching me intently from his corner. “ is Buddy,” one staff member explained while cleaning nearby. “  (he) previous owner unfortunately abandoned _____ (he) at our gate last winter, so now   usually takes weeks to approach strangers.” To everyone’s surprise, Buddy suddenly walked straight to me and licked my hand! “Amazing! He’s clearly expressing   (he) trust and friendship!” the manager exclaimed. “We’ve never seen this level of immediate connection before. In fact,   of our 20 regular volunteers has ever received such a warm welcome from   (we) so-called ‘toughest customer’!” The whole room burst into laughter at this unexpected turn of events. your it our That / It His him he his none our 【导语】本文围绕志愿者在动物收容所的经历展开。故事情节生动有趣，包含志愿者填写表格、与流浪犬互动等场景，既考查语法知识又增强可读性。 1. your 考查形容词性物主代词作定语。句意：请先在这里填写你的个人信息。空格后为名词短语personal information，需用形容词性物主代词your修饰，表示“你的”。 2. it 考查形式宾语。句意：大多数新志愿者最初都觉得适应很有挑战性。“find it + adj. + to do”为固定结构，it作形式宾语指代后文隐含的不定式to adapt to the environment。 3. our 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：但我相信你很快会习惯我们的日常流程。空格后接名词daily routines，需用物主代词our，表示“我们的”，指代收容所工作人员集体的日常流程。 4. That/It 考查指示代词/人称代词。句意：那是巴迪。此处可用That指代前文提到的狗，也可用It作为中性指代。考查代词在情境中的灵活运用。 5. His 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他之前的主人。修饰名词previous owner，需用物主代词His表示“巴迪的”前主人。注意首字母大写。 6. him 考查人称代词宾格。句意：不幸地在去年冬天遗弃了他。及物动词abandoned后需接宾语，指代雄性动物用him。考查代词在句子中的成分判断。 7. he 考查人称代词主格。句意：所以他通常需要几周时间接近陌生人。作句子主语，需用主格he指代巴迪。考查代词在句子中的语法功能。 8. his 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他显然在表达他的信任和友谊。修饰名词trust and friendship，需用his表示“他的”。考查物主代词与名词的搭配。 9. none 考查不定代词否定用法。句意：事实上，我们20位常驻志愿者中没人。none of表示“...中没有一个”，与后文has ever received构成完全否定。 10. our 考查物主代词的情感表达。句意：从我们所谓的“最难搞的顾客”那里。用our表示集体归属感，将动物拟人化为“顾客”，体现工作人员的情感态度。考查代词在语境中的特殊用法。 III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2021年6月浙江高考）It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, __________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored (修复) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ____ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser who performed their __________ (marry) ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much ________ (small) than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home _____________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.” Although Mary loved flowers, _______ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A longtime neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. _____ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _____ (sell) most of their furniture. has proved for marriage smaller was painted herself neither to plant The sold 【导语】本文讲述了美国前总统亚伯拉罕·林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德故居的历史故事。文章描述了林肯夫妇购得这栋房子，并在此居住17年的生活点滴。通过玛丽侄女的回忆和邻居的叙述，展现了故居的变迁、玛丽对家居的精心打理，以及林肯一家在此的生活细节。文章最后提到林肯当选总统后出租故居的往事。 1. has proved 考查现在时。句意：虽然比不上乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河的庄园，但林肯在斯普林菲尔德市中心的故居自开放以来一直令游客着迷。since it opened表示从过去某个时间点持续到现在，需要使用现在完成时has proved，强调持续性的吸引力。 2. for 考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元和一些土地从查尔斯·德莱塞手中买下了它。表示“以...价格”购买时，使用介词for构成固定搭配buy sth. for...。 3. marriage 考查名词。句意：查尔斯·德莱塞曾在1842年为林肯夫妇主持过婚礼仪式。形容词性物主代词their后需要接名词，marry的名词形式是marriage。 4. smaller 考查形容词比较级。句意：房子刚建成时比现在小得多。than是比较级的标志词，small是单音节形容词，直接加-er构成比较级smaller。 5. was painted 考查时态和语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成白色。主语house与动词paint是被动关系，描述过去的状态，用一般过去时的被动语态was painted。 6. herself 考查反身代词。句意：这是她的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。reflection of后接反身代词herself，强调玛丽本人与房子的风格一致。 7. neither 考查并列连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但无论是她还是她丈夫都不以园艺闻名。nor提示需要使用neither...nor...的固定搭配，表示“既不...也不...”。 8. to plant 考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的姐姐经常来前院种花。表示目的的动作，用不定式to plant作目的状语。 9. The 考查定冠词。句意：1856年，林肯一家将房子扩建为完整的两层楼。姓氏复数前加the表示“林肯一家人”，是特定用法。 10. sold 考查过去分词。句意：1861年林肯当选总统后，他们出租了房子并卖掉了大部分家具。and连接两个并列的过去式动词，rented和sold保持时态一致。 $$