Unit 4 单元检测（沈阳专用）-八年级英语上册单元高效复习必备（沪教版2024）

Unit 4 Invention 单元检测 (沈阳专用) 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为90分，考试时间为90分钟。 第一部分选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（分二节，共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节：阅读下列短文，然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 A Virtual Reality (VR) Virtual Reality (VR) VR creates a virtual world that users can research. It is used in gaming, education, and training. With a VR headset, you can feel like you are in a different place. It provides an experience that makes you feel you’re really taking part in the events you are seeing on the screen. B Virt x Virtual Tactile Clothing Virt x Virtual Tactile Clothing Designed by Zheng Qingyun’s team from Tongji University, Virt x won the 2024 Dyson Design Award in Mainland China. It’s really cool and helpful. It’s for the hearing-impaired people. With the help of the clothing, they can “feel” sound through touch. C Artificial Intelligence (AI) Artificial Intelligence (AI) AI is the ability of machines to learn and perform tasks like humans. It is used in many fields, such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. AI can help us make better decisions and improve our lives. D Self-driving Cars Self-driving Cars Self-driving cars are very cool. They use sensors and special programs to drive without people. They might reduce accidents and make traffic better. As technology improves, we’ll probably see more of them. They are changing how we travel. 1. Which of following can best describe VR? A. Fun and helpful. B. Fun and educational. C. Unreal and awful. D. meaningful but unreal 2. What can AI help people do? A. Look healthy. B. Choose better things. C. Eat food fast. D. Look beautiful 3. What can we learn in Passage D ? A. Our travel ways are changing now. B. People will reduce accidents by driving cars. C. There will be fewer and fewer cars on the road. D.They will bring more danger for us. 4. What’s the theme of the four passages? A. New inventions in the future. B. New inventions have been created. C. New inventions make our lives better. D. The most important inventions B Have you ever unlocked a shared bike? Have you ever ordered a meal online? Have you ever enjoyed watching the short-form videos on the Internet? Well, if no one had invented the cell phone. none of these would have been possible. Luckily, someone did invent the cell phone. That person is Martin Cooper, and he did that 51 years ago, in 1973. Cooper used to work for Motorola. In the 1970s, the company was competing with AT&-T, a larger company, to make a cell phone system. Cooper didn’t think Motorola’s product was good enough, He didn’t like AT&T’s idea of a car phone, either. The man had a new idea. He wanted to make it possible for people to talk on their phones anywhere. It took Cooper and his team 90 days to design the world’s first cell phone. The product was called Dyna TAC. People could talk on it for 25 minutes before its battery (电池) died. The phone’s short battery life wasn’t a big problem, Cooper once joked. Why? Well, the phone was too heavy (1,100 grams) to hold in hand for more than 25 minutes! On 3 April, 1973. Cooper made the world’s first public cell phone call. He called Joel Engel, an AT&.T manager. Cooper told Engel, “I’m calling you on a cell phone. It’s a real, hand held cell phone.” On the other end of the line, there was only silence. Cell phones have changed a lot since that first call. They’re much smaller and can do many more things. Cooper, now 96, is surprised at the progress. But the man has also kept thinking about life in the future. “Keep learning all your life,” he says, “or you’ll lose the ability to learn-that would be terrible!” 5. Why does the writer raise three questions in the first paragraph? A. To list the usage of cell phones. B. To show the importance of cell phones. C. To do a survey about what people use their cell phones for. D. To do a survey about whether people can use their cell phones in a proper way. 6. What was the big problem that Cooper needed to solve according to his joke in Paragraph 4? A. The weight of the cell phone. B. The usages of the cell phone. C. The battery life of the cell phone. D. The appearance design of the cell phone. 7. Why did Engel keep silent when Cooper called him by using the cell phone? A. Because Engel couldn’t hear clearly on the line. B. Because Cooper didn’t make the cell phone better. C. Because Engel was busy designing his cell phone. D. Because Cooper invented the cell phone before AT&.T could. 8. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Keep Learning All Your Life B. Rapid Development of the Cell Phone C. The Father of the Cell Phone D. The Competition Between Cooper and Engel C Jiang Xingyu became the youngest chief engineer at a well-known energy company in Yunnan. He was born in Chuxiong, a small city with strong winds and beautiful mountains. As a child, Jiang was always interested in making small models with his hands. He enjoyed making simple windmills from paper and old fans, and liked to watch them spin when the wind blew. His parents encouraged his hobby and bought him science books, so he learned more about how wind could be used to make electricity. At university, Jiang studied physics and joined many science clubs. He worked very hard and never stopped asking questions. His dream was to invent something useful for his hometown and for China. After years of hard work, Jiang led a team of young engineers to invent a smart windmill. This windmill could turn itself towards the wind and start or stop working by itself, saving more energy than traditional ones. After making this smart windmill, Jiang’s team won a national innovation prize for their invention. Now, as a successful engineer, Jiang wants to give back to society. He has helped build new windmills in many parts of Yunnan, providing clean energy for thousands of people. In 2025, he plans to visit local schools to teach students about science and environmental protection. Jiang believes that young people in Yunnan can become great inventors too if they are curious and work hard. He hopes his story will inspire more students to love science and protect the environment. 9. When did Jiang win a national innovation prize? A. While he was at university. B. After making a smart windmill. C. When he was a child. D. After moving to Beijing. 10. What was Jiang’s childhood hobby? A. Drawing. B. Reading novels. C. Making windmills. D. Keeping pets. 11. What does Jiang plan to do in 2025? A. Build more windmills in Yunnan. B. Teach students about science and protecting the environment. C. Travel around the world. D. Work alone on new inventions. 12. What is the writer’s main purpose? A. To introduce a young inventor and his work. B. To ask students to learn more physics. C. To show the history of windmills. D. To describe Yunnan’s wind resources. D Many people believe that light bulbs were invented by Thomas Edison. Is that true? Edison was born in 1847 in Milan, Ohio, USA. In school, Edison was often absent-minded, and his teacher did not think that he was very smart. In 1854 his family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, where young Edison sold candy and newspapers on trains from Port Huron to Detroit. These early sales experiences led Edison to discover his talents as a businessman and eventually (最后) to found fourteen companies, including ‘General Electric’, which still exists today. Edison started his career as an inventor in Newark, New Jersey. In 1878 Edison formed the Edison Electric Light Company. During his first public demonstration (展示) of his incandescent light (白炽灯) bulb on December 31, 1879, he said, “We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles.” Light bulbs were not the only things Edison worked on. He also built the first industrial research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. There, Edison and his assistant, William J. Hammer, worked on the telephone, phonograph (留声机), electric railway, and electric lighting. However, Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented; he only improved them so that they could be sold to the public. He did not invent the electric light bulb either. He did, however, start the first company that made and sold electric light bulbs. The only major invention that he actually did invent was the phonograph. It was his invention of the phonograph in 1877 that made him famous, and he became known as “The Wizard of Menio Park” (门洛帕克的奇才), New Jersey. 13. What is the main idea of the article? A. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, which has helped humankind to see in the dark. B. Thomas Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented, but he did improve many of the inventions we use today. C. Thomas Edison was the first scientist to use an industrial research laboratory. D. Thomas Edison invented a lot of things, including the light bulb. 14. What are some of the things that Edison worked on? A. The light bulb, electric railway, and phonograph. B. The steam engine, fax machine, and television. C. The phonograph, computer, and telephone. D. The light bulb, camera, and phonograph. 15. What did Edison actually invent? A. The light bulb. B. The telephone. C. The computer. D. The phonograph. 16. Which of the following sentence can be used to best describe Edison? A. He was absent-minded and not very smart indeed. B. He was a good businessman as well as an inventor. C. He was famous for his great invention: the light bulb. D. He was a businessman but not an inventor. 第二节：阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余选项。 Papermaking technology (造纸术) is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. 17 Thousands of years ago in the Mediterranean (地中海), it was common for people to write messages on broken pieces from jars (坛, 罐).   18 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, an official named Cai Lun created a sheet of paper using mulberry (桑树) and other fibers (纤维) along with fishing nets, old clothes, and other wastes. He steamed and cooked all these materials with water, and changed them into pulp (纸浆). Then he poured the pulp out carefully on fine screen and dried it into a kind of thin paper. The paper was suitable for writing and was also very cheap, so it became very popular. Therefore, Cai Lun played a great part in papermaking technology. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, papermaking technology had been gradually improved. And then bamboo and straw could also be used as the materials for making paper. 19 For example, the Xuan paper is used for Chinese calligraphy and painting. Papermaking technology was introduced to the Korean peninsula and Japan in the late Sui and early Tang dynasties, and later to Arabia and other countries. 20 It also plays an important role in the development of global civilization. A. Papermaking technology went back a long way. B. Before it was invented, people wrote on different kinds of things. C. Because of different materials, many kinds of paper were produced for different uses. D. Animal skins and wood were also wood were also common materials to write on. E. The invention of paper provides a more convenient way for communication of information. 二、完形填空（10分）(文章嵌入本单元所学的单词和短语，极好吻合课文所学知识) My Summer Camp Adventure Last month, I joined an international robotics summer camp in Beijing. On the first day, I _____21___ a number of students from different countries working together on their projects. The ____22___ activity at the camp was a robot-building contest, it was the main event that determines who would win. Every team had to make machines that could find their way through a maze(迷宫). Our team had three Chinese students and two from Australia, and we faced ____23___ right from the start. We ___24____ each other’s skills: Li Wei, who is good at coding, used special ___25_____ to program the robot’s movements, while I focused on putting the machine parts together. One day, our robot kept running into walls. We realized we should _____26___ hurrying. Instead, we needed to check each part one by one. This taught us patience and teamwork. During the competition, I was amazed by the creativity of other teams. Some used solar panels to ___27____ their robots, while others added sensors to detect obstacles. Thanks to Li Wei’s exact coding Our robot, named "Explorer," performed well. ____28____we didn’t win first place, we learned how to solve problems together. Personally, this experience was life-changing. I attach great importance to the friendships I made and the skills I got. The camp showed me that new ideas___29____ everyone, no matter where they are from. There’s no ____30____ this summer will stay with me—it changed how I love science. I can’t wait to see what future inventions will come from young minds like ours. 21. A. check B. noticed C. found D. realized 22. A. interesting B. central C. international D. necessary 23. A. efforts B. effects C. challenges D. technologies 24. A. fight for B. benefit from C. in search of D. depend on 25. A. opinions B. characters C. techniques D. personalities 26. A. avoid B. refuse C. allow D. admit 27. A. produce B. power C. protect D. invent 28. A. Since B. Although C. Because D. When 29. A. treat B. connect C. affect D. benefit 30. A. double B. doubt C. method D. wonder 第二部分非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 31 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, "Let's have 32 (冠词) competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up with a good way to visit the West Lake even 33 (介词) rainy days will be the winner." Lu Ban 34 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 35 (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work. The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his work 36 (连词) felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 37 (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 38 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, "You win. Your 39 (invent) can protect us from rain better." So the umbrella was invented. Later, people began to use paper, which was 40 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题,41〜43小题，每题2分,44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 “Four great inventions” in ancient China are important symbols of the country. Now China has “new four great inventions”: high-speed trains, mobile payment, bike sharing and online shopping. They are changing people’s lives in China and maybe all over the world. High-speed trains By the end of 2016, China had the world’s largest high-speed railway network (网). More than 2,500 high-speed trains are running across China each day. Lin Jinlong, an overseas (海外的) student from Cambodia, shared his experience of travelling by Chinese high-speed train from Beijing to Tianjin. The two cities are over 100 km away, but the trip took only about half an hour. “That was amazing!” Lin said. Mobile payment (移动支付) Mobile payment has become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life. It makes their lives much more convenient. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat anything with my smart phone,” said Lin, “Even vegetable sellers are using mobile payment.” Online shopping You are out if you have never shopped online. Now you can buy almost everything from websites (网站), and get what you’ve bought within days. China’s online shopping makes many foreigners feel both excited and surprised. Bike sharing Bike sharing allows users to pick a bike anywhere in the city and leave it anywhere at the end of their journey. It’s really convenient, cheap and green. Mobike, a bike sharing company, has even brought the service to some other countries. 41. Does mobile payment make Chinese people’s lives more convenient or more difficult? 42. What does the writer think of bike sharing? 43. Where can you buy almost everything if you shop online? 44. Of all the new four great inventions, which is the most useful to you? Why? Write 30 words or more. 第四节、书面表达（15分） 假设你是阳光中学学生李华。学校正在举办科技节，你参加以“科技改变生活”为主题的演讲比赛，介绍一项你认为最重要的发明。用英语写一篇演讲稿，包含以下信息。 1. 介绍你认为最重要的发明； 2. 指出其用途和你喜欢的原因； 3. 它对你有什么作用和影响。 要求：1. 80词左右（开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3. 条理清晰，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范； 4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。 Hello, everyone! I am Li Hua in Class 1, Grade 9 from Sunshine Middle School. It’s a great honor for me to speak here. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all for my speech. Thank you! 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Invention 单元检测 (沈阳专用) 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为90分，考试时间为90分钟。 第一部分选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（分二节，共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节：阅读下列短文，然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 A Virtual Reality (VR) Virtual Reality (VR) VR creates a virtual world that users can research. It is used in gaming, education, and training. With a VR headset, you can feel like you are in a different place. It provides an experience that makes you feel you’re really taking part in the events you are seeing on the screen. B Virt x Virtual Tactile Clothing Virt x Virtual Tactile Clothing Designed by Zheng Qingyun’s team from Tongji University, Virt x won the 2024 Dyson Design Award in Mainland China. It’s really cool and helpful. It’s for the hearing-impaired people. With the help of the clothing, they can “feel” sound through touch. C Artificial Intelligence (AI) Artificial Intelligence (AI) AI is the ability of machines to learn and perform tasks like humans. It is used in many fields, such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. AI can help us make better decisions and improve our lives. D Self-driving Cars Self-driving Cars Self-driving cars are very cool. They use sensors and special programs to drive without people. They might reduce accidents and make traffic better. As technology improves, we’ll probably see more of them. They are changing how we travel. 1. Which of following can best describe VR? A. Fun and helpful. B. Fun and educational. C. Unreal and awful. D. meaningful but unreal 2. What can AI help people do? A. Look healthy. B. Choose better things. C. Eat food fast. D. Look beautiful 3. What can we learn in Passage D ? A. Our travel ways are changing now. B. People will reduce accidents by driving cars. C. There will be fewer and fewer cars on the road. D.They will bring more danger for us. 4. What’s the theme of the four passages? A. New inventions in the future. B. New inventions have been created. C. New inventions make our lives better. D. The most important inventions 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了四种新发明，分别是虚拟现实技术、虚拟触觉服装、人工智能和自动驾驶汽车。这些发明使我们的生活更加美好。 1. 推理判断题。根据“It is used in gaming, education, and training. With a VR headset, you can feel like you are in a different place. It provides an experience that makes you feel you’re really taking part in the events you are seeing on the screen.”可知，VR很有趣，能帮助人们做很多事情。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“AI can help us make better decisions and improve our lives.”可知，人工智能可以帮助我们做出更好的决定，改善我们的生活。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“They might reduce (减少) accidents and make traffic better. As technology improves, we’ll probably see more of them. They are changing how we travel.”可知，无人驾驶汽车会减少事故、改善交通，正在改变我们的出行方式。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。四段内容都介绍了新技术/发明如何改善生活、让未来更加便利，故主题是“新发明让生活更美好”。故选C。 B Have you ever unlocked a shared bike? Have you ever ordered a meal online? Have you ever enjoyed watching the short-form videos on the Internet? Well, if no one had invented the cell phone. none of these would have been possible. Luckily, someone did invent the cell phone. That person is Martin Cooper, and he did that 51 years ago, in 1973. Cooper used to work for Motorola. In the 1970s, the company was competing with AT&-T, a larger company, to make a cell phone system. Cooper didn’t think Motorola’s product was good enough, He didn’t like AT&T’s idea of a car phone, either. The man had a new idea. He wanted to make it possible for people to talk on their phones anywhere. It took Cooper and his team 90 days to design the world’s first cell phone. The product was called Dyna TAC. People could talk on it for 25 minutes before its battery (电池) died. The phone’s short battery life wasn’t a big problem, Cooper once joked. Why? Well, the phone was too heavy (1,100 grams) to hold in hand for more than 25 minutes! On 3 April, 1973. Cooper made the world’s first public cell phone call. He called Joel Engel, an AT&.T manager. Cooper told Engel, “I’m calling you on a cell phone. It’s a real, hand held cell phone.” On the other end of the line, there was only silence. Cell phones have changed a lot since that first call. They’re much smaller and can do many more things. Cooper, now 96, is surprised at the progress. But the man has also kept thinking about life in the future. “Keep learning all your life,” he says, “or you’ll lose the ability to learn-that would be terrible!” 5. Why does the writer raise three questions in the first paragraph? A. To list the usage of cell phones. B. To show the importance of cell phones. C. To do a survey about what people use their cell phones for. D. To do a survey about whether people can use their cell phones in a proper way. 6. What was the big problem that Cooper needed to solve according to his joke in Paragraph 4? A. The weight of the cell phone. B. The usages of the cell phone. C. The battery life of the cell phone. D. The appearance design of the cell phone. 7. Why did Engel keep silent when Cooper called him by using the cell phone? A. Because Engel couldn’t hear clearly on the line. B. Because Cooper didn’t make the cell phone better. C. Because Engel was busy designing his cell phone. D. Because Cooper invented the cell phone before AT&.T could. 8. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Keep Learning All Your Life B. Rapid Development of the Cell Phone C. The Father of the Cell Phone D. The Competition Between Cooper and Engel 【答案】5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一部手机的发明。 5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever unlocked a shared bike? Have you ever ordered a meal online? Have you ever enjoyed watching the short-form videos on the Internet? Well, if no one had invented the cell phone, none of these would have been possible. ”可知，作者在第一段提出三个问题是为了显示手机的重要性。故选B。 6. 细节理解题。根据第四段“It took Cooper and his team 90 days t o design the world’s first cell phone. The product was called Dyna TAC. People could talk on it for 25 minutes before its battery (电池) died. The phone’s short battery life wasn't a big problem, Cooper once joked. Why? Well, the phone was too heavy (1,100 grams) to hold in hand for more than 25 minutes! ”可知，根据第4段中的笑话，库珀需要解决的大问题是手机的重量。故选A。 7. 细节理解题。根据第五段“On 3 April,1973, Cooper made the world’s first public cell phone call. He called Joel En gel, an AT&T manager. Cooper told Engel, ‘I’m calling you on a cell phone. It’s a real, hand held cell phone. On the other end of the line, there was only silence.’”可知，库珀用手机打电话给恩格尔时，他保持沉默是因为库珀比美国电话电报公司先发明了手机。故选 D。 8. 标题归纳题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了第一部手机的发明过程。故文章的最佳标题应是“手机之父”。故选C。 C Jiang Xingyu became the youngest chief engineer at a well-known energy company in Yunnan. He was born in Chuxiong, a small city with strong winds and beautiful mountains. As a child, Jiang was always interested in making small models with his hands. He enjoyed making simple windmills from paper and old fans, and liked to watch them spin when the wind blew. His parents encouraged his hobby and bought him science books, so he learned more about how wind could be used to make electricity. At university, Jiang studied physics and joined many science clubs. He worked very hard and never stopped asking questions. His dream was to invent something useful for his hometown and for China. After years of hard work, Jiang led a team of young engineers to invent a smart windmill. This windmill could turn itself towards the wind and start or stop working by itself, saving more energy than traditional ones. After making this smart windmill, Jiang’s team won a national innovation prize for their invention. Now, as a successful engineer, Jiang wants to give back to society. He has helped build new windmills in many parts of Yunnan, providing clean energy for thousands of people. In 2025, he plans to visit local schools to teach students about science and environmental protection. Jiang believes that young people in Yunnan can become great inventors too if they are curious and work hard. He hopes his story will inspire more students to love science and protect the environment. 9. When did Jiang win a national innovation prize? A. While he was at university. B. After making a smart windmill. C. When he was a child. D. After moving to Beijing. 10. What was Jiang’s childhood hobby? A. Drawing. B. Reading novels. C. Making windmills. D. Keeping pets. 11. What does Jiang plan to do in 2025? A. Build more windmills in Yunnan. B. Teach students about science and protecting the environment. C. Travel around the world. D. Work alone on new inventions. 12. What is the writer’s main purpose? A. To introduce a young inventor and his work. B. To ask students to learn more physics. C. To show the history of windmills. D. To describe Yunnan’s wind resources. 【答案】 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了云南楚雄出生的年轻工程师蒋兴宇的成长经历、发明创造和社会贡献。 9. 细节理解题。根据第二段“After making this smart windmill, Jiang’s team won a national innovation prize for their invention.”可知，获奖时间是在发明智能风车之后。故选B。 10. 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a child, Jiang was always interested in making small models with his hands...He enjoyed making simple windmills from paper and old fans...”可知，他的童年爱好是制作风车。故选C。 11. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2025, he plans to visit local schools to teach students about science and environmental protection.”可知，2025年，他计划访问当地学校，向学生传授科学和环保知识。故选B。 12. 主旨大意题。全文围绕蒋兴宇的个人经历、发明成就和社会贡献展开，因此，作者的目的是介绍这位年轻发明家及其工作。故选A。 D Many people believe that light bulbs were invented by Thomas Edison. Is that true? Edison was born in 1847 in Milan, Ohio, USA. In school, Edison was often absent-minded, and his teacher did not think that he was very smart. In 1854 his family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, where young Edison sold candy and newspapers on trains from Port Huron to Detroit. These early sales experiences led Edison to discover his talents as a businessman and eventually (最后) to found fourteen companies, including ‘General Electric’, which still exists today. Edison started his career as an inventor in Newark, New Jersey. In 1878 Edison formed the Edison Electric Light Company. During his first public demonstration (展示) of his incandescent light (白炽灯) bulb on December 31, 1879, he said, “We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles.” Light bulbs were not the only things Edison worked on. He also built the first industrial research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. There, Edison and his assistant, William J. Hammer, worked on the telephone, phonograph (留声机), electric railway, and electric lighting. However, Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented; he only improved them so that they could be sold to the public. He did not invent the electric light bulb either. He did, however, start the first company that made and sold electric light bulbs. The only major invention that he actually did invent was the phonograph. It was his invention of the phonograph in 1877 that made him famous, and he became known as “The Wizard of Menio Park” (门洛帕克的奇才), New Jersey. 13. What is the main idea of the article? A. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, which has helped humankind to see in the dark. B. Thomas Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented, but he did improve many of the inventions we use today. C. Thomas Edison was the first scientist to use an industrial research laboratory. D. Thomas Edison invented a lot of things, including the light bulb. 14. What are some of the things that Edison worked on? A. The light bulb, electric railway, and phonograph. B. The steam engine, fax machine, and television. C. The phonograph, computer, and telephone. D. The light bulb, camera, and phonograph. 15. What did Edison actually invent? A. The light bulb. B. The telephone. C. The computer. D. The phonograph. 16. Which of the following sentence can be used to best describe Edison? A. He was absent-minded and not very smart indeed. B. He was a good businessman as well as an inventor. C. He was famous for his great invention: the light bulb. D. He was a businessman but not an inventor. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. D 16. B 222. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱迪生的故事，旨在培养学生向科学家学习。 13. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“However, Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented; he only improved them so that they could be sold to the public.”可知，爱迪生并没有发明很多东西，他改良它们只是为了能卖给大众。故选B。 14. 细节理解题。根据第三段“There, Edison and his assistant, William J. Hammer, worked on the telephone, phonograph, electric railway, and electric lighting.”可知，爱迪生研究了电话、留声机、电气化铁路和电灯。故选A。 15. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The only major invention that he actually did invent was the phonograph.”可知，唯一真正的发明是留声机。故选D。 16. 推理判断题。根据第二段“These early sales experiences led Edison to discover his talents as a businessman...”和最后一段“It was his invention of the phonograph in 1877 that made him famous, and he became known as “The Wizard of Menio Park” , New Jersey.”可知，他是成功的商人和发明家。故选B。 第二节：阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余选项。 Papermaking technology (造纸术) is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. 17 Thousands of years ago in the Mediterranean (地中海), it was common for people to write messages on broken pieces from jars (坛, 罐).   18 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, an official named Cai Lun created a sheet of paper using mulberry (桑树) and other fibers (纤维) along with fishing nets, old clothes, and other wastes. He steamed and cooked all these materials with water, and changed them into pulp (纸浆). Then he poured the pulp out carefully on fine screen and dried it into a kind of thin paper. The paper was suitable for writing and was also very cheap, so it became very popular. Therefore, Cai Lun played a great part in papermaking technology. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, papermaking technology had been gradually improved. And then bamboo and straw could also be used as the materials for making paper. 19 For example, the Xuan paper is used for Chinese calligraphy and painting. Papermaking technology was introduced to the Korean peninsula and Japan in the late Sui and early Tang dynasties, and later to Arabia and other countries. 20 It also plays an important role in the development of global civilization. A. Papermaking technology went back a long way. B. Before it was invented, people wrote on different kinds of things. C. Because of different materials, many kinds of paper were produced for different uses. D. Animal skins and wood were also wood were also common materials to write on. E. The invention of paper provides a more convenient way for communication of information. 【答案】17. B 18. D 19. C 20. E 【解析】本文主要讲述了中国古代四大发明之一的造纸术的相关内容，包括造纸术发明前人们的书写载体、蔡伦的造纸方法、造纸技术的改进以及造纸术在国内外的传播和意义。 17. 根据“Papermaking technology (造纸术) is one of the four great inventions in ancient China”可知此处是描述和造纸术发明有关的信息。选项B“在它被发明之前，人们在不同种类的东西上书写。”符合语境。故选B。 18. 根据“Thousands of years ago in the Mediterranean (地中海), it was common for people to write messages on broken pieces from jars (坛，罐).”可知，前文提到在不同东西上书写，此处应是继续列举书写载体。选项D“兽皮和木头也是常见的书写材料。”符合语境。故选D。 19. 根据“And then bamboo and straw could also be used as the materials for making paper. For example, the Xuan paper is used for Chinese calligraphy and painting.”可知，因为不同的材料，产生了多种用途的纸。选项C“由于材料不同，生产出了多种用途的纸。”符合语境。故选C。 20. 根据“It also plays an important role in the development of global civilization.”可知，此处是说造纸术的发明为信息交流提供了更便捷的方式。选项E“纸的发明为信息交流提供了更便捷的方式。” 符合语境。故选E。 二、完形填空（10分）(文章嵌入本单元所学的单词和短语，极好吻合课文所学知识) My Summer Camp Adventure Last month, I joined an international robotics summer camp in Beijing. On the first day, I _____21___ a number of students from different countries working together on their projects. The ____22___ activity at the camp was a robot-building contest, it was the main event that determines who would win. Every team had to make machines that could find their way through a maze(迷宫). Our team had three Chinese students and two from Australia, and we faced ____23___ right from the start. We ___24____ each other’s skills: Li Wei, who is good at coding, used special ___25_____ to program the robot’s movements, while I focused on putting the machine parts together. One day, our robot kept running into walls. We realized we should _____26___ hurrying. Instead, we needed to check each part one by one. This taught us patience and teamwork. During the competition, I was amazed by the creativity of other teams. Some used solar panels to ___27____ their robots, while others added sensors to detect obstacles. Thanks to Li Wei’s exact coding Our robot, named "Explorer," performed well. ____28____we didn’t win first place, we learned how to solve problems together. Personally, this experience was life-changing. I attach great importance to the friendships I made and the skills I got. The camp showed me that new ideas___29____ everyone, no matter where they are from. There’s no ____30____ this summer will stay with me—it changed how I love science. I can’t wait to see what future inventions will come from young minds like ours. 21. A. check B. noticed C. found D. realized 22. A. interesting B. central C. international D. necessary 23. A. efforts B. effects C. challenges D. technologies 24. A. fight for B. benefit from C. in search of D. depend on 25. A. opinions B. characters C. techniques D. personalities 26. A. avoid B. refuse C. allow D. admit 27. A. produce B. power C. protect D. invent 28. A. Since B. Although C. Because D. When 29. A. treat B. connect C. affect D. benefit 30. A. double B. doubt C. method D. wonder 【答案】BBCDC ABBDB 【解析】文章讲述作者参加北京国际机器人夏令营的经历，团队合作克服挑战，虽未获首奖但收获颇丰，这次经历改变了他，让他珍视友谊与技能。 21.B 句意：第一天，我注意到许多来自不同国家的学生正在一起做他们的项目。 A. check 检查；B. noticed 注意到；C. found 找到；D. realized 意识到。 根据语境，此处表达的是 “注意到” 学生们一起做项目这一情景，“noticed” 更符合语境，强调视觉上的观察和注意。 22.B 句意：夏令营的核心活动是机器人制作比赛，这是决定谁会获胜的主要赛事。 A. interesting 有趣的；B. central 核心的；C. international 国际的；D. necessary 必要的。 后句提到 “it was the main event”，说明这是主要活动，“central” 有 “核心的、主要的” 之意，与 “main” 呼应，故选 B。 23. C 句意：我们团队有三名中国学生和两名来自澳大利亚的学生，从一开始我们就面临挑战。 A. efforts 努力；B. effects 影响；C. challenges 挑战；D. technologies 技术。 结合下文团队遇到机器人撞墙等问题，可知从一开始就有挑战，“challenges” 符合语境。 24. D 句意：我们依靠彼此的技能：李伟擅长编程，他用特殊的技术为机器人的移动编程，而我专注于把机器零件组装起来。 A. fight for 为…… 而战；B. benefit from 从…… 受益；C. in search of 寻找；D. depend on 依靠。 后文描述了团队成员各自发挥技能，说明团队是 “依靠” 彼此的技能，“depend on” 符合语境。 25. C 句意：李伟擅长编程，他用特殊的技术为机器人的移动编程，而我专注于把机器零件组装起来。 A. opinions 观点；B. characters 性格；C. techniques 技术；D. personalities 个性。 编程需要技术，“techniques” 符合 “编程” 这一语境。 26. A 句意：我们意识到我们应该避免急躁。相反，我们需要一个一个地检查每个部件。 A. avoid 避免；B. refuse 拒绝；C. allow 允许；D. admit 承认。 根据 “Instead, we needed to check each part one by one” 可知，之前的做法是急躁的，所以要 “避免” 急躁，“avoid” 符合语境。 27. B 句意：有些团队使用太阳能板为他们的机器人提供动力，而另一些则添加了传感器来检测障碍物。 A. produce 生产；B. power 提供动力；C. protect 保护；D. invent 发明。 太阳能板的作用是为机器人提供动力，“power” 在此处作动词，有 “给…… 提供动力” 之意，符合语境。 28. B 句意：虽然我们没有赢得第一名，但我们学会了如何一起解决问题。 A. Since 自从；B. Although 虽然；C. Because 因为；D. When 当…… 时。 “we didn’t win first place” 和 “we learned how to solve problems together” 之间是转折关系，“Although” 表示转折，符合语境。 29. D 句意：夏令营向我展示了新想法使每个人受益，无论他们来自哪里。 A. treat 对待；B. connect 连接；C. affect 影响；D. benefit 使受益。 新想法对每个人是有益的，“benefit” 符合语境，表达新想法带来的积极作用。 30. B句意：毫无疑问，这个夏天的经历会一直伴随着我 —— 它改变了我对科学的热爱方式。 A. double 两倍；B. doubt 怀疑；C. method 方法；D. wonder 奇迹。 “There’s no doubt that...” 是固定句型，意为 “毫无疑问……”，符合语境，表达对这个夏天经历的深刻感受。 第二部分非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 31 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, "Let's have 32 (冠词) competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up with a good way to visit the West Lake even 33 (介词) rainy days will be the winner." Lu Ban 34 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 35 (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work. The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his work 36 (连词) felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 37 (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 38 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, "You win. Your 39 (invent) can protect us from rain better." So the umbrella was invented. Later, people began to use paper, which was 40 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared. 【答案】31. stories 32. a 33. on 34. thought 35. building 36. and 37. surprised 38. easily 39. invention 40. cheaper 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲁班和妻子发明雨伞的典故。 31. 句意：在中国，关于伞的发明有不同的故事。story“故事”，可数名词，被different修饰，用其复数形式。故填stories。 32. 句意：咱们来进行一场比赛吧。competition是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素发音开头，其前应加不定冠词a。have a competition“比赛”。故填a。 33. 句意：即使在雨天也能想出游览西湖的好办法的人就是赢家。根据“rainy days”可知，具体到某一天的时间使用on。故填on。 34. 句意：鲁班认为这很容易。think“认为”，动词。时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填thought。 35. 句意：然后他花了一整晚在湖边建造亭子。build“建造”，动词。spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填building。 36. 句意：第二天早上，当鲁班谈论起自己的成果并感到自豪时，他的妻子手里拿着一件不寻常的东西。根据“The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his work...felt proud”可知，前后句为并列关系，and“并且”符合语境。故填and。 37. 句意：鲁班很惊讶。surprise“使惊讶”，动词。此处应用其形容词surprised“惊讶的”，作表语，修饰人。故填surprised。 38. 句意：他发现这个用丝绸和竹子做成的物件可以轻松地开合。easy“容易的”，形容词。此处应用其副词easily，修饰动词。故填easily。 39. 句意：你的发明能更好地为我们挡雨。根据“your”可知，此处作主语应使用名词invention。故填invention。 40. 句意：后来，人们开始使用比丝绸更便宜的纸。cheap“便宜的”，形容词。根据“than”可知，此处用其比较级。故填cheaper。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题,41〜43小题，每题2分,44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 “Four great inventions” in ancient China are important symbols of the country. Now China has “new four great inventions”: high-speed trains, mobile payment, bike sharing and online shopping. They are changing people’s lives in China and maybe all over the world. High-speed trains By the end of 2016, China had the world’s largest high-speed railway network (网). More than 2,500 high-speed trains are running across China each day. Lin Jinlong, an overseas (海外的) student from Cambodia, shared his experience of travelling by Chinese high-speed train from Beijing to Tianjin. The two cities are over 100 km away, but the trip took only about half an hour. “That was amazing!” Lin said. Mobile payment (移动支付) Mobile payment has become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life. It makes their lives much more convenient. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat anything with my smart phone,” said Lin, “Even vegetable sellers are using mobile payment.” Online shopping You are out if you have never shopped online. Now you can buy almost everything from websites (网站), and get what you’ve bought within days. China’s online shopping makes many foreigners feel both excited and surprised. Bike sharing Bike sharing allows users to pick a bike anywhere in the city and leave it anywhere at the end of their journey. It’s really convenient, cheap and green. Mobike, a bike sharing company, has even brought the service to some other countries. 41. Does mobile payment make Chinese people’s lives more convenient or more difficult? 42. What does the writer think of bike sharing? 43. Where can you buy almost everything if you shop online? 44. Of all the new four great inventions, which is the most useful to you? Why? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】41. Mobile payment make Chinese people’s lives more convenient. 42. The writer thinks bike sharing is really convenient, cheap and green. 43. If we shop online, we can buy almost everything from websites. 44. Of all the new four great inventions, online shopping is the most useful to me. Because I can buy everything I want at home and it helps me save a lot of time. 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国新的四大发明：高铁、移动支付、共享单车和网购。 41. 根据“Mobile payment has become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life. It makes their lives much more convenient.”可知，移动支付让中国人的生活更加便利。故填Mobile payment make Chinese people’s lives more convenient. 42. 根据“It’s really convenient, cheap and green.”可知，作者认为共享单车很便利、便宜而且环保。故填The writer thinks bike sharing is really convenient, cheap and green. 43. 根据“Now you can buy almost everything from websites (网站)”可知，如果我们在网上购物，我们可以从网站上买到几乎所有的东西。故填If we shop online, we can buy almost everything from websites. 44. 开放性作答，结合实际，言之成理即可。参考答案为：Of all the new four great inventions, online shopping is the most useful to me. Because I can buy everything I want at home and it helps me save a lot of time. 第四节、书面表达（15分） 假设你是阳光中学学生李华。学校正在举办科技节，你参加以“科技改变生活”为主题的演讲比赛，介绍一项你认为最重要的发明。用英语写一篇演讲稿，包含以下信息。 1. 介绍你认为最重要的发明； 2. 指出其用途和你喜欢的原因； 3. 它对你有什么作用和影响。 要求：1. 80词左右（开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3. 条理清晰，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范； 4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。 Hello, everyone! I am Li Hua in Class 1, Grade 9 from Sunshine Middle School. It’s a great honor for me to speak here. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all for my speech. Thank you! 【答案】Hello, everyone!       I am Li Hua in Class 1, Grade 9 from Sunshine Middle School. It’s a great honor for me to speak here.       Among all the inventions, the mobile phone has influenced our daily life most. Today, millions of people across the world own mobile phones. There are different types of mobile phones for us to choose from.       The mobile phone is such a practical tool for communication that it helps us in many ways. On the one hand, it makes communication much easier, as we can keep in touch with others anytime, anywhere by making a call or chatting on WeChat. On the other hand, we can use it to take photos, shop online or call a taxi. I believe the mobile phone will help us more in the future.       That’s all for my speech. Thank you! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是演讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，应注意不要遗漏提示的要点，在每个要点下要适当增加细节，使表述内容更完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接已给的开头，介绍一项对我们生活影响最大的科技产品； 第二步，根据在现实生活中的体会，介绍该科技产品对我们生活的影响； 第三步，总结上文，相信将来这项科技对我们帮助更大。 [亮点词汇] ①choose from从中选择 ②on the one hand...on the other hand一方面……另一方面 ③keep in touch保持联系 ④in the future未来 [高分句型] ①The mobile phone is such a practical tool for communication that it helps us in many ways.(such...that引导结果状语从句) ②I believe the mobile phone will help us more in the future. (宾语从句) 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$