Unit 4 单元检测（广州专用）-八年级英语上册单元高效复习必备（沪教版2024）

Unit 4 Invention 单元检测（广州专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为990分，考试时间为90分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（60分） 一、语法选择（原创） Inventions: Lighting Up Our Modern World​ Inventions have changed our lives in many ways, making daily tasks easier and helping society move forward. ____1____ great creations, from simple tools to new technologies, show ___2___ big impact.​ The tire, made by John Dunlop in 1888, changed how we travel. It took the place of hard wheels with air-filled ones. This let cars move ___3____ and quickly and ____4____both travel and trade. This invention alone changed ___5____ we explore the world. The light bulb, made better by Thomas Edison in 1879, pushed away darkness and let us work more hours. Before that, people used dangerous oil lamps. ___6____ Edison’s invention, factories could run at night. Families could read or work safely inside, avoiding accidents from dim lights.​ Computers became very important in modern life. People attach much ___7____ to them for work, school, and fun. They make hard tasks___8____than before, like sending messages or making art, and connect us all over the world.​ Mobile phones, made with new techniques, made communication much ___9____. Today, phones like Huawei Mate 70 Pro ___10____ make calls even in faraway places, helping international connections. We depend on them every day, for emergencies or talking to friends in ___11____ countries.​ Artificial intelligence (AI),____12___ newest thing , is already helping. AI tools work in hospitals, schools, and even home jobs, letting us avoid ___13____ boring work. Personally, I think AI ___14_____new inventions in future, like smarter robots and learning tools just for us.​ No doubt, these inventions have not only made our lives better ___15____ encouraged people to dream more. As technology gets better, we will see more great new things. Each new invention helps us move toward a brighter, more connected future.​ 1. A. a number of B. the number of C. an amount of D. a deal of 2. A. they B. their C. them D. theirs 3. A. smooth B. smoother C. smoothly D. more smoothly 4. A. benefit B. benefited C. is benefited D. had benefited 5. A. what B. which C. how D. why 6. A. In B. Through C. With D. By 7. A. important B. more important C. more importantly D. importance 8. A. easy B. easier C. easily D. more easily 9. A. good B. well C. better D. best 10. A. may B. can C. must D. should 11. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 12. A. a B. an C. the D.\ 13. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 14. A. lead B. leads C. led D. will lead 15. A. and B. but C. also D. or 【答案】ABDBC CDBCB ACCDB 【解析】文章介绍轮胎、灯泡等发明的影响，说明它们改善生活、推动社会进步，未来还会有更多伟大发明。 1A句意：许多伟大的创造，从简单的工具到新技术，都显示出它们巨大的影响。 A. a number of 许多（修饰可数名词复数）；B. the number of …… 的数量；C. an amount of 许多（修饰不可数名词）；D. a deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词）。考查短语辨析。句中 “great creations” 是可数名词复数，需要用 a number of 修饰，所以选 A。 2.B 句意：许多伟大的创造，从简单的工具到新技术，都显示出它们巨大的影响。 A. they 他们（主格）；B. their 他们的（形容词性物主代词）；C. them 他们（宾格）；D. theirs 他们的（名词性物主代词）。考查代词。空后 “big impact” 是名词短语，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，所以选 B。 3.D句意：这使得汽车行驶得更平稳、更快，并使旅行和贸易受益。 A. smooth 光滑的（形容词原级）；B. smoother 更光滑的（形容词比较级）；C. smoothly 光滑地（副词原级）；D. more smoothly 更光滑地（副词比较级）。考查副词比较级。句中 “move” 是动词，需要用副词修饰，且与 “quickly” 并列，根据语境可知是与之前的硬轮子对比，用比较级，所以选 D。 4.B句意：这使得汽车行驶得更平稳、更快，并使旅行和贸易受益。 A. benefit 受益（动词原形）；B. benefited 受益（过去式 / 过去分词）；C. have benefited 已经受益（现在完成时）；D. had benefited 已经受益（过去完成时）。考查时态。根据前面This let cars move…用一般过去时，这里平衡结构也用一般过去时，所以选 B。 5.C句意：仅此一项发明就改变了我们探索世界的方式。 A. what 什么；B. which 哪一个；C. how 怎样；D. why 为什么。考查宾语从句连接词。句意为 “这项发明改变了我们探索世界的方式”，表示 “怎样”，用 how，所以选 C。 6.C 句意：有了爱迪生的发明，工厂可以在夜间运转。 A. In 在…… 里；B. Through 通过（强调方式、途径）；C. With 有，随着（表示伴随）；D. By 通过（后接动名词）。考查介词。句意为 “有了爱迪生的发明，工厂可以在夜间运转”，表示 “有了”，用 With，所以选 C。 7.D 句意：人们在工作、学习和娱乐方面都非常重视它们。 A. important 重要的（形容词）；B. more important 更重要的（形容词比较级）；C. more importantly 更重要地（副词比较级）；D. importance 重要性（名词）。考查固定搭配。“attach much importance to” 是固定短语，意为 “非常重视……”，所以选 D。 8.B 句意：它们使困难的任务变得更容易，比如发送信息或创作艺术，并将我们在世界各地联系起来。 A. easy 容易的（形容词原级）；B. easier 更容易的（形容词比较级）；C. easily 容易地（副词原级）；D. more easily 更容易地（副词比较级）。考查形容词比较级。“make + 宾语 + 形容词” 是固定结构，且根据语境，电脑使困难的任务变得 “更容易”，用比较级，所以选 B。 9.C 句意：采用新技术制造的手机，使通信变得更好。 A. good 好的（形容词原级）；B. well 好（副词原级）；C. better 更好（形容词 / 副词比较级）；D. best 最好（形容词 / 副词最高级）。考查形容词比较级。句中有 “much” 修饰，且表示与过去相比，手机使交流 “更好”，用比较级，所以选 C。 10.B 句意：如今，像华为 Mate 70 Pro 这样的手机甚至能在偏远地区打电话，有助于国际联系。 A. may 可能；B. can 能够；C. must 必须；D. should 应该。考查情态动词。句意为 “如今，像华为 Mate 70 Pro 这样的手机甚至能在偏远地区打电话”，表示 “能够”，用 can，所以选 B。 11.A句意：我们每天都依赖它们，无论是紧急情况还是与其他国家的朋友交谈。 A. other 其他的（后接可数名词复数）；B. others 其他（代词，后不接名词）；C. another 另一个（后接可数名词单数）；D. the other （两者中的）另一个。考查代词。句中 “countries” 是可数名词复数，用 other 修饰，所以选 A。 12.C句意：人工智能（AI），这个最新的事物，已经在发挥作用。 A. a 一个（不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；B. an 一个（不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；C. the 定冠词（表示特指）；D. \ 零冠词。考查冠词。“newest” 是形容词最高级，前面需要用定冠词 the，所以选 C。 13.C 句意：人工智能工具在医院、学校甚至家庭工作中发挥作用，让我们避免做枯燥的工作。 A. do 做（动词原形）；B. to do 做（动词不定式）；C. doing 做（动名词）；D. did 做（过去式）。考查固定搭配。“avoid doing sth.” 是固定短语，意为 “避免做某事”，所以选 C。 14.D 句意：就我个人而言，我认为人工智能将在未来引领新的发明，比如更智能的机器人和专为我们设计的学习工具。 A. lead 带领（动词原形）；B. leads 带领（第三人称单数形式）；C. led 带领（过去式 / 过去分词）；D. will lead 将会带领（一般将来时）。考查时态。句中有 “in future”（在未来），表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，所以选 D。 15.B句意：毫无疑问，这些发明不仅使我们的生活变得更好，而且鼓励人们有更多的梦想。 A. and 和；B. but 但是；C. also 也；D. or 或者。考查固定搭配。“not only… but (also)…” 是固定短语，意为 “不仅…… 而且……”，所以选 B。 二、完形填空（10分，原创）(文章嵌入本单元所学的单词和短语，极好吻合课文所学知识) My Summer Camp Adventure Last month, I joined an international robotics summer camp in Beijing. On the first day, I _____16___ a number of students from different countries working together on their projects. The ____17___ activity at the camp was a robot-building contest, it was the main event that determines who would win. Every team had to make machines that could find their way through a maze(迷宫). Our team had three Chinese students and two from Australia, and we faced ____18___ right from the start. We ___19____ each other’s skills: Li Wei, who is good at coding, used special ___20_____ to program the robot’s movements, while I focused on putting the machine parts together. One day, our robot kept running into walls. We realized we should _____21___ hurrying. Instead, we needed to check each part one by one. This taught us patience and teamwork. During the competition, I was amazed by the creativity of other teams. Some used solar panels to ___22____ their robots, while others added sensors to detect obstacles. Thanks to Li Wei’s exact coding Our robot, named "Explorer," performed well. ____23____we didn’t win first place, we learned how to solve problems together. Personally, this experience was life-changing. I attach great importance to the friendships I made and the skills I got. The camp showed me that new ideas___24____ everyone, no matter where they are from. There’s no ____25____ this summer will stay with me—it changed how I love science. I can’t wait to see what future inventions will come from young minds like ours. 16. A. check B. noticed C. found D. realized 17. A. interesting B. central C. international D. necessary 18. A. efforts B. effects C. challenges D. technologies 19. A. fight for B. benefit from C. in search of D. depend on 20. A. opinions B. characters C. techniques D. personalities 21. A. avoid B. refuse C. allow D. admit 22. A. produce B. power C. protect D. invent 23. A. Since B. Although C. Because D. When 24. A. treat B. connect C. affect D. benefit 25. A. double B. doubt C. method D. wonder 【答案】BBCDC ABBDB 【解析】文章讲述作者参加北京国际机器人夏令营的经历，团队合作克服挑战，虽未获首奖但收获颇丰，这次经历改变了他，让他珍视友谊与技能。 16.B 句意：第一天，我注意到许多来自不同国家的学生正在一起做他们的项目。 A. check 检查；B. noticed 注意到；C. found 找到；D. realized 意识到。 根据语境，此处表达的是 “注意到” 学生们一起做项目这一情景，“noticed” 更符合语境，强调视觉上的观察和注意。 17.B 句意：夏令营的核心活动是机器人制作比赛，这是决定谁会获胜的主要赛事。 A. interesting 有趣的；B. central 核心的；C. international 国际的；D. necessary 必要的。 后句提到 “it was the main event”，说明这是主要活动，“central” 有 “核心的、主要的” 之意，与 “main” 呼应，故选 B。 18. C 句意：我们团队有三名中国学生和两名来自澳大利亚的学生，从一开始我们就面临挑战。 A. efforts 努力；B. effects 影响；C. challenges 挑战；D. technologies 技术。 结合下文团队遇到机器人撞墙等问题，可知从一开始就有挑战，“challenges” 符合语境。 19. D 句意：我们依靠彼此的技能：李伟擅长编程，他用特殊的技术为机器人的移动编程，而我专注于把机器零件组装起来。 A. fight for 为…… 而战；B. benefit from 从…… 受益；C. in search of 寻找；D. depend on 依靠。 后文描述了团队成员各自发挥技能，说明团队是 “依靠” 彼此的技能，“depend on” 符合语境。 20. C 句意：李伟擅长编程，他用特殊的技术为机器人的移动编程，而我专注于把机器零件组装起来。 A. opinions 观点；B. characters 性格；C. techniques 技术；D. personalities 个性。 编程需要技术，“techniques” 符合 “编程” 这一语境。 21. A 句意：我们意识到我们应该避免急躁。相反，我们需要一个一个地检查每个部件。 A. avoid 避免；B. refuse 拒绝；C. allow 允许；D. admit 承认。 根据 “Instead, we needed to check each part one by one” 可知，之前的做法是急躁的，所以要 “避免” 急躁，“avoid” 符合语境。 22. B 句意：有些团队使用太阳能板为他们的机器人提供动力，而另一些则添加了传感器来检测障碍物。 A. produce 生产；B. power 提供动力；C. protect 保护；D. invent 发明。 太阳能板的作用是为机器人提供动力，“power” 在此处作动词，有 “给…… 提供动力” 之意，符合语境。 23. B 句意：虽然我们没有赢得第一名，但我们学会了如何一起解决问题。 A. Since 自从；B. Although 虽然；C. Because 因为；D. When 当…… 时。 “we didn’t win first place” 和 “we learned how to solve problems together” 之间是转折关系，“Although” 表示转折，符合语境。 24. D 句意：夏令营向我展示了新想法使每个人受益，无论他们来自哪里。 A. treat 对待；B. connect 连接；C. affect 影响；D. benefit 使受益。 新想法对每个人是有益的，“benefit” 符合语境，表达新想法带来的积极作用。 25. B句意：毫无疑问，这个夏天的经历会一直伴随着我 —— 它改变了我对科学的热爱方式。 A. double 两倍；B. doubt 怀疑；C. method 方法；D. wonder 奇迹。 “There’s no doubt that...” 是固定句型，意为 “毫无疑问……”，符合语境，表达对这个夏天经历的深刻感受。 三、阅读理解（35分） 第一节、阅读选择（30分） A AI has changed our lives in some ways. Here are several useful AI inventions. Forpheus The ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player. What’s more, it not only encourages players with words like “Good job!”, but also gives some good advice to improve their skills. Chat GPT Developed by US company—OpenAI, Chat GPT is a helpful tool. You can ask it to write stories and e-mails, translate languages and answer all kinds of questions. The use of Char GPT has raised hot discussions in the education. Now anyone can use Chat GPT without paying money, so that the company can collect people’s ideas on how to improve the chatbot (聊天机器人). Facial Recognition (人脸识别) It is used a lot in the world, such as ACS. ACS won’t let a stranger in without the house owner’s agreement. Paying by facial recognition is common now. People can also use facial recognition to unlock their smart mobile phones. The police in Hangzhou even caught a criminal (罪犯) at a concert with its help. Hua Zhibing China’s first student made by AI, appeared at Tsinghua University and at once became an online star. Now, Hua is one year old and is the “youngest Chinese university student”. Now she can do lots of things—she is a poet, a painter, a news writer and more. Scientists hope that she can learn skills such as computer programming, drawing, creating web pages when she finishes university. “We hope she can keep learning and think like humans. We would also like her to understand people’s feelings as well as intellectual (智力的) needs.” 26. Why can people use Chat GPT for free now? A. Because it is able to teach machines. B. Because it needs to improve itself. C. Because it can help students pass exams. D. Because it can write stories and e-mails. 27. From the last paragraph, we can know that Hua Zhibing is ______. A. humorous B. brave C. talented D. honest 28. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To give some information about four inventions in ancient China. B. To tell us the history of AI inventions. C. To introduce some kinds of AI inventions. D. To help students get into a better university. 【答案】 26. B 27. C 28. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了一些有用的人工智能发明。 26. 细节理解题。根据“Now anyone can use Chat GPT without paying money, so that the company can collect people’s ideas on how to improve the chatbot (聊天机器人).”可知，因为聊天机器人可以收集人们关于如何改进它的想法，以便改进它自己。故选B。 27. 推理判断题。根据“Now she can do lots of things—she is a poet, a painter, a news writer and more.”可知，她可以做很多事情，她是诗人、画家、新闻作家等，说明她很有才华。故选C。 28. 主旨大意题。根据“AI has changed our lives in some ways. Here are several useful AI inventions.”并结合全文可知，本文主要是为了介绍一些人工智能发明。故选C。 B Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the motion picture camera and over 1,200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting at a young age. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy (报童) on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience did not end well. They fired him when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to spend much of his time experimenting with his first patent (专利) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity. Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing (祝福) in many ways. It kept conversations short so that he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24 hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat. Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world. 29. How often did Edison make a new invention? A. About every seven days. B. About every fourteen days. C. About once a week. D. About twice a week. 30. How was Edison after he became deaf? A. He kept positive. B. He was worried. C. He felt sorry. D. He was sad. 31. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The history of the electric light. B. Edison and his experiments. C. The importance of inventions. D. The whole life of Edison. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. Edison was lazy when he was young. B. Edison was poor so he needed to work on a train. C. Edison was very hard-working. D. He had little difficulty in experimenting. 【答案】29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 【解析】本文主要讲述了爱迪生的一生。 29. 细节理解题。根据“About every two weeks he created something new.”可知，他大约每两周就创造出一个新的东西。故选B。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing (祝福) in many ways”可知，他认为他的耳聋在很多方面是一种祝福，因此在耳聋后是保持积极的。故选A。 31. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了爱迪生一生的经历。故选D。 32. 推理判断题。根据“He always worked 16 out of every 24 hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat.”可知，他每天工作16个小时，由此可知他是勤奋的。故选C。 C The Internet has been around for many years, but it was the invention of the World Wide Web that made it really useful to people. Together, the Internet and the World Wide Web have changed the world. The Internet was invented by the US government in the 1960s, for the army to use. In the 1970s,scientists and business people also wanted to use the Internet to send and received messages. For some years, people could only send very simple texts. They could not send photos or documents by the Internet. That changed in 1991, when a British scientist named Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. The World Wide Web allows people to send various types of files, such as texts, photos and videos by the Internet, so more and more people started to use it in the 1990s. Today, the Web has hundreds of millions of users. It has changed the way people live, work and play. Through the Internet,email allows us to communicate nearly instantly with people thousands of miles away. People and businesses use e-commerce and online shopping to buy and sell things across the world. The Web also makes people’s lives easier because now many things can be done from home, twenty-four hours a day. The Web can help you do research for your homework, so that you do not need to go to the library. You can use Internet banking, instead of going to the bank. And, of course, people just “surf the Web” when they want to relax. Technology changes quickly, and it is hard to imagine what the future of the Internet and the Web will be. But it seems impossible to imagine life without them. 33. Choose the right order by the timeline. ①Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. ②The US government created the Internet mainly for the army. ③Scientists and businessmen began to use the Internet to exchange information. ④The World Wide Web has hundreds of millions of users. A. ①②④③ B. ②③①④ C. ②①③④ D. ④②③① 34. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Everyone can use the Web now. B. The US government invented the Internet. C. People in the army can use the Internet in the 1960s. D. The Internet is the same as the World Wide Web. 35. Paragraph 4 mainly talks about ________. A. how to use the Web B. how the Internet was invented C. how to change the Internet D. how the Web makes everyone’s life easier 36. The best title for the passage is “ ________ ”. A. The history of the Internet B. The World Wide Web C. The Internet and the Web D. The future of the Internet 【答案】 33. B 34. D 35. D 36. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了互联网和万维网的历史、区别及影响。 33. 细节理解题。根据“The Internet was invented by the US government in the 1960s, for the army to use. In the 1970s, scientists and business people also wanted to use the Internet to send and received messages.…That changed in 1991, when a British scientist named Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web.…Today, the Web has hundreds of millions of users.”可知，互联网在20世纪60年代由美国政府发明，为军队所用，②排第一；在70年代，科学家和商人开始使用互联网收发信息，③排第二；在1991年，Tim Berners-Lee发明了万维网，①排第三；现在，万维网有数亿用户，④排第四。故选B。 34. 推理判断题。根据“The Internet has been around for many years, but it was the invention of the World Wide Web that made it really useful to people.”可知，网络存在多年，但万维网的出现才使它对人们真正有用，说明两者不一样。故选D。 35. 段落大意题。第四段列举了万维网如何简化生活，如电子邮件、在线购物、居家办公等，核心是“使生活更便捷”。故选D。 36. 最佳标题题。全文围绕互联网和万维网的历史、区别及影响展开。选项C“互联网网和万维网”作为标题最为合适。故选C。 D So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. ______ For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 37. In China, space scientists get ideas from ______ when naming satellites. ①old stories     ②traditional projects     ③ancient famous people     ④popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ③④ 38. What do we know about Chang’e I according to Paragraph 2? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It visits the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 39. Which sentence can be put in ______ in Paragraph 4? A. Chinese culture has made a big difference to our development. B. Space scientists also get inspiration from movies about ancient Chinese. C. We have also developed some high-tech to help with our dream to the space. D. Besides ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. 40. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1    ②= Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 【答案】37. B 38. A 39. D 40. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国航天科学家在命名卫星和航天器时，从古代故事和名人中汲取灵感，展现了传统文化对现代科技的影响。 37. 细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，给卫星命名的灵感来源于古老的故事和古代的名人，即来源于①③。故选B。 38. 细节理解题。根据“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I”可知，嫦娥一号绕月运行。故选A。 39. 推理判断题。根据“For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago”可知，此处与用古代名人的人名命名有关。选项D“除古代故事外，科学家还从古代名人中获取灵感。”符合语境。故选D。 40. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述命名灵感来源；第二段以嫦娥、玉兔为例说明故事命名；第三段以夸父为例延续故事命名；第四段以墨子为例说明名人命名；第五段总结传统文化影响。文章结构为总分总结构，即①/②③④/⑤的结构。故选A。 第二节、阅读填空（5分） Papermaking technology (造纸术) is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. 41 Thousands of years ago in the Mediterranean (地中海), it was common for people to write messages on broken pieces from jars (坛, 罐).   42 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, an official named Cai Lun created a sheet of paper using mulberry (桑树) and other fibers (纤维) along with fishing nets, old clothes, and other wastes. He steamed and cooked all these materials with water, and changed them into pulp (纸浆). Then he poured the pulp out carefully on fine screen and dried it into a kind of thin paper. The paper was suitable for writing and was also very cheap, so it became very popular. 43 After the Eastern Han Dynasty, papermaking technology had been gradually improved. And then bamboo and straw could also be used as the materials for making paper. 44 For example, the Xuan paper is used for Chinese calligraphy and painting. Papermaking technology was introduced to the Korean peninsula and Japan in the late Sui and early Tang dynasties, and later to Arabia and other countries. 45 It also plays an important role in the development of global civilization. A. Therefore, Cai Lun played a great part in papermaking technology. B. Before it was invented, people wrote on different kinds of things. C. Because of different materials, many kinds of paper were produced for different uses. D. Animal skins and wood were also wood were also common materials to write on. E. The invention of paper provides a more convenient way for communication of information. 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. E 【解析】本文主要讲述了中国古代四大发明之一的造纸术的相关内容，包括造纸术发明前人们的书写载体、蔡伦的造纸方法、造纸技术的改进以及造纸术在国内外的传播和意义。 41. 根据“Papermaking technology (造纸术) is one of the four great inventions in ancient China”可知此处是描述和造纸术发明有关的信息。选项B“在它被发明之前，人们在不同种类的东西上书写。”符合语境。故选B。 42. 根据“Thousands of years ago in the Mediterranean (地中海), it was common for people to write messages on broken pieces from jars (坛，罐).”可知，前文提到在不同东西上书写，此处应是继续列举书写载体。选项D“兽皮和木头也是常见的书写材料。”符合语境。故选D。 43. 根据“an official named Cai Lun created a sheet of paper...The paper was suitable for writing and was also very cheap, so it became very popular.”可知，讲的是蔡伦造纸。选项A“因此，蔡伦在造纸技术方面发挥了重要作用。”符合语境。故选A。 44. 根据“And then bamboo and straw could also be used as the materials for making paper. For example, the Xuan paper is used for Chinese calligraphy and painting.”可知，因为不同的材料，产生了多种用途的纸。选项C“由于材料不同，生产出了多种用途的纸。”符合语境。故选C。 45. 根据“It also plays an important role in the development of global civilization.”可知，此处是说造纸术的发明为信息交流提供了更便捷的方式。选项E“纸的发明为信息交流提供了更便捷的方式。” 符合语境。故选E。 第2卷 非选择题（共40分） 第1节、 短文填词（5分） Albert Einstein once said, “I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.” The greatest inventions in history 46.d_________ on curiosity—without it, they’d be impossible. Curiosity helps people 47.b_______ a lot from new discoveries. Benjamin Franklin is a great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For instance, he flew a kite during a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod (避雷针). This invention helps 48.a_______ building damage from lightning. Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration (探索). He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! He lost his life while testing this invention. 49. A________ he failed, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. People learnt from his example and created safer ways to explore space—there’s no 50. d________ about his influence. Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 【答案】46.depend 47.benefit 48.avoid 49.Although 50.doubt 第二节、完成句子（一空一词，10分） 51.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is as interesting as that one. 52.因此，在轮子出现之后，第一条石路出现了 ______ ______ _______, the first roads made of stone appeared after _____ ______ _______ the wheel. 53.毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。 _______ ________, the wheel is one of the most important inventions______ _______ ________. 54. 嘲笑别人的缺点是不礼貌的。 It's impolite to ______ ______ ______ others' shortcomings. 55..这个新公园不仅美丽，而且很受孩子们欢迎。 This new park is ______ ______ beautiful ______ ______ very popular with children. 【答案】51.as interesting as 52.As a result the arrival of 53.Without doubt of all time 54.make fun of 55. not only but also 第四节、书面表达（15分） 我校第一届创客节于上周落幕，八年级的李华同学在本次创客节中发明了一个AI机器人并获得了一等奖的好成绩。假如你是校英语报的记者，请根据以下提示写一篇新闻稿，介绍李华的作品，要点如下： 外观 有两条长手臂，脸是一块屏幕，和学生一样高 功能 1. 会做家务 2. 教学生学英语 3. ……(自行补充) 意义 1. 鼓励学生使用新科技 2. ……(自行补充) 要求： 1. 不少于80词(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使语句通顺、条理清楚、意义连贯； 4. 卷面整洁、书写规范。 参考词汇: screen 屏幕 n.   function 功能 n.  technology 科技 n. Last week, Li Hua from the 8th grade invented an AI robot and won the first prize at the Invention Festival. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Last week, Li Hua from the 8th grade invented an AI robot and won the first prize at the Invention Festival. Li Hua’s invention is an AI robot. In terms of appearance, it has two long arms. Its face is a screen, and it is as tall as a student. When it comes to functions, this robot is truly amazing. Firstly, it can do housework such as cleaning the floor, washing dishes, which can greatly relieve the burden on family members. Secondly, it is an excellent English teacher for students. It can teach students English grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary through interesting interactive games. Moreover, it can also act as a study companion. It can answer various questions about different subjects like mathematics, science and history, helping students with their homework and self-study. The invention of this robot has great significance. On one hand, it encourages students to use new technologies. On the other hand, it shows that students have unlimited creativity. We look forward to seeing more creative inventions from our students in the future. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时为主； ③提示：根据题干所给材料详细地介绍李华发明的AI机器人，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点出活动的时间和李华取得了好成绩； 第二步，详细地介绍AI机器人的外观、功能； 第三步，介绍AI机器人的作用。 [亮点词汇] ①In terms of就……而言 ②When it comes to当提到…… ③act as扮演 ④On one hand...On the other hand一方面……另一方面 [高分句型] Firstly, it can do housework such as cleaning the floor, washing dishes, which can greatly relieve the burden on family members. (定语从句) 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Invention 单元检测（广州专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为990分，考试时间为90分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（60分） 一、语法选择（原创） Inventions: Lighting Up Our Modern World​ Inventions have changed our lives in many ways, making daily tasks easier and helping society move forward. ____1____ great creations, from simple tools to new technologies, show ___2___ big impact.​ The tire, made by John Dunlop in 1888, changed how we travel. It took the place of hard wheels with air-filled ones. This let cars move ___3____ and quickly and ____4____both travel and trade. This invention alone changed ___5____ we explore the world. The light bulb, made better by Thomas Edison in 1879, pushed away darkness and let us work more hours. Before that, people used dangerous oil lamps. ___6____ Edison’s invention, factories could run at night. Families could read or work safely inside, avoiding accidents from dim lights.​ Computers became very important in modern life. People attach much ___7____ to them for work, school, and fun. They make hard tasks___8____than before, like sending messages or making art, and connect us all over the world.​ Mobile phones, made with new techniques, made communication much ___9____. Today, phones like Huawei Mate 70 Pro ___10____ make calls even in faraway places, helping international connections. We depend on them every day, for emergencies or talking to friends in ___11____ countries.​ Artificial intelligence (AI),____12___ newest thing , is already helping. AI tools work in hospitals, schools, and even home jobs, letting us avoid ___13____ boring work. Personally, I think AI ___14_____new inventions in future, like smarter robots and learning tools just for us.​ No doubt, these inventions have not only made our lives better ___15____ encouraged people to dream more. As technology gets better, we will see more great new things. Each new invention helps us move toward a brighter, more connected future.​ 1. A. a number of B. the number of C. an amount of D. a deal of 2. A. they B. their C. them D. theirs 3. A. smooth B. smoother C. smoothly D. more smoothly 4. A. benefit B. benefited C. is benefited D. had benefited 5. A. what B. which C. how D. why 6. A. In B. Through C. With D. By 7. A. important B. more important C. more importantly D. importance 8. A. easy B. easier C. easily D. more easily 9. A. good B. well C. better D. best 10. A. may B. can C. must D. should 11. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 12. A. a B. an C. the D.\ 13. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 14. A. lead B. leads C. led D. will lead 15. A. and B. but C. also D. or 二、完形填空（10分，原创）(文章嵌入本单元所学的单词和短语，极好吻合课文所学知识) My Summer Camp Adventure Last month, I joined an international robotics summer camp in Beijing. On the first day, I _____16___ a number of students from different countries working together on their projects. The ____17___ activity at the camp was a robot-building contest, it was the main event that determines who would win. Every team had to make machines that could find their way through a maze(迷宫). Our team had three Chinese students and two from Australia, and we faced ____18___ right from the start. We ___19____ each other’s skills: Li Wei, who is good at coding, used special ___20_____ to program the robot’s movements, while I focused on putting the machine parts together. One day, our robot kept running into walls. We realized we should _____21___ hurrying. Instead, we needed to check each part one by one. This taught us patience and teamwork. During the competition, I was amazed by the creativity of other teams. Some used solar panels to ___22____ their robots, while others added sensors to detect obstacles. Thanks to Li Wei’s exact coding Our robot, named "Explorer," performed well. ____23____we didn’t win first place, we learned how to solve problems together. Personally, this experience was life-changing. I attach great importance to the friendships I made and the skills I got. The camp showed me that new ideas___24____ everyone, no matter where they are from. There’s no ____25____ this summer will stay with me—it changed how I love science. I can’t wait to see what future inventions will come from young minds like ours. 16. A. check B. noticed C. found D. realized 17. A. interesting B. central C. international D. necessary 18. A. efforts B. effects C. challenges D. technologies 19. A. fight for B. benefit from C. in search of D. depend on 20. A. opinions B. characters C. techniques D. personalities 21. A. avoid B. refuse C. allow D. admit 22. A. produce B. power C. protect D. invent 23. A. Since B. Although C. Because D. When 24. A. treat B. connect C. affect D. benefit 25. A. double B. doubt C. method D. wonder 三、阅读理解（35分） 第一节、阅读选择（30分） A AI has changed our lives in some ways. Here are several useful AI inventions. Forpheus The ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player. What’s more, it not only encourages players with words like “Good job!”, but also gives some good advice to improve their skills. Chat GPT Developed by US company—OpenAI, Chat GPT is a helpful tool. You can ask it to write stories and e-mails, translate languages and answer all kinds of questions. The use of Char GPT has raised hot discussions in the education. Now anyone can use Chat GPT without paying money, so that the company can collect people’s ideas on how to improve the chatbot (聊天机器人). Facial Recognition (人脸识别) It is used a lot in the world, such as ACS. ACS won’t let a stranger in without the house owner’s agreement. Paying by facial recognition is common now. People can also use facial recognition to unlock their smart mobile phones. The police in Hangzhou even caught a criminal (罪犯) at a concert with its help. Hua Zhibing China’s first student made by AI, appeared at Tsinghua University and at once became an online star. Now, Hua is one year old and is the “youngest Chinese university student”. Now she can do lots of things—she is a poet, a painter, a news writer and more. Scientists hope that she can learn skills such as computer programming, drawing, creating web pages when she finishes university. “We hope she can keep learning and think like humans. We would also like her to understand people’s feelings as well as intellectual (智力的) needs.” 26. Why can people use Chat GPT for free now? A. Because it is able to teach machines. B. Because it needs to improve itself. C. Because it can help students pass exams. D. Because it can write stories and e-mails. 27. From the last paragraph, we can know that Hua Zhibing is ______. A. humorous B. brave C. talented D. honest 28. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To give some information about four inventions in ancient China. B. To tell us the history of AI inventions. C. To introduce some kinds of AI inventions. D. To help students get into a better university. B Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the motion picture camera and over 1,200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting at a young age. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy (报童) on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience did not end well. They fired him when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to spend much of his time experimenting with his first patent (专利) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity. Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing (祝福) in many ways. It kept conversations short so that he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24 hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat. Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world. 29. How often did Edison make a new invention? A. About every seven days. B. About every fourteen days. C. About once a week. D. About twice a week. 30. How was Edison after he became deaf? A. He kept positive. B. He was worried. C. He felt sorry. D. He was sad. 31. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The history of the electric light. B. Edison and his experiments. C. The importance of inventions. D. The whole life of Edison. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. Edison was lazy when he was young. B. Edison was poor so he needed to work on a train. C. Edison was very hard-working. D. He had little difficulty in experimenting. C The Internet has been around for many years, but it was the invention of the World Wide Web that made it really useful to people. Together, the Internet and the World Wide Web have changed the world. The Internet was invented by the US government in the 1960s, for the army to use. In the 1970s,scientists and business people also wanted to use the Internet to send and received messages. For some years, people could only send very simple texts. They could not send photos or documents by the Internet. That changed in 1991, when a British scientist named Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. The World Wide Web allows people to send various types of files, such as texts, photos and videos by the Internet, so more and more people started to use it in the 1990s. Today, the Web has hundreds of millions of users. It has changed the way people live, work and play. Through the Internet,email allows us to communicate nearly instantly with people thousands of miles away. People and businesses use e-commerce and online shopping to buy and sell things across the world. The Web also makes people’s lives easier because now many things can be done from home, twenty-four hours a day. The Web can help you do research for your homework, so that you do not need to go to the library. You can use Internet banking, instead of going to the bank. And, of course, people just “surf the Web” when they want to relax. Technology changes quickly, and it is hard to imagine what the future of the Internet and the Web will be. But it seems impossible to imagine life without them. 33. Choose the right order by the timeline. ①Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. ②The US government created the Internet mainly for the army. ③Scientists and businessmen began to use the Internet to exchange information. ④The World Wide Web has hundreds of millions of users. A. ①②④③ B. ②③①④ C. ②①③④ D. ④②③① 34. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Everyone can use the Web now. B. The US government invented the Internet. C. People in the army can use the Internet in the 1960s. D. The Internet is the same as the World Wide Web. 35. Paragraph 4 mainly talks about ________. A. how to use the Web B. how the Internet was invented C. how to change the Internet D. how the Web makes everyone’s life easier 36. The best title for the passage is “ ________ ”. A. The history of the Internet B. The World Wide Web C. The Internet and the Web D. The future of the Internet D So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. ______ For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 37. In China, space scientists get ideas from ______ when naming satellites. ①old stories     ②traditional projects     ③ancient famous people     ④popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ③④ 38. What do we know about Chang’e I according to Paragraph 2? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It visits the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 39. Which sentence can be put in ______ in Paragraph 4? A. Chinese culture has made a big difference to our development. B. Space scientists also get inspiration from movies about ancient Chinese. C. We have also developed some high-tech to help with our dream to the space. D. Besides ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. 40. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1    ②= Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 第二节、阅读填空（5分） Papermaking technology (造纸术) is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. 41 Thousands of years ago in the Mediterranean (地中海), it was common for people to write messages on broken pieces from jars (坛, 罐).   42 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, an official named Cai Lun created a sheet of paper using mulberry (桑树) and other fibers (纤维) along with fishing nets, old clothes, and other wastes. He steamed and cooked all these materials with water, and changed them into pulp (纸浆). Then he poured the pulp out carefully on fine screen and dried it into a kind of thin paper. The paper was suitable for writing and was also very cheap, so it became very popular. 43 After the Eastern Han Dynasty, papermaking technology had been gradually improved. And then bamboo and straw could also be used as the materials for making paper. 44 For example, the Xuan paper is used for Chinese calligraphy and painting. Papermaking technology was introduced to the Korean peninsula and Japan in the late Sui and early Tang dynasties, and later to Arabia and other countries. 45 It also plays an important role in the development of global civilization. A. Therefore, Cai Lun played a great part in papermaking technology. B. Before it was invented, people wrote on different kinds of things. C. Because of different materials, many kinds of paper were produced for different uses. D. Animal skins and wood were also wood were also common materials to write on. E. The invention of paper provides a more convenient way for communication of information. 第2卷 非选择题（共40分） 第1节、 短文填词（5分） Albert Einstein once said, “I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.” The greatest inventions in history 46.d_________ on curiosity—without it, they’d be impossible. Curiosity helps people 47.b_______ a lot from new discoveries. Benjamin Franklin is a great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For instance, he flew a kite during a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod (避雷针). This invention helps 48.a_______ building damage from lightning. Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration (探索). He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! He lost his life while testing this invention. 49. A________ he failed, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. People learnt from his example and created safer ways to explore space—there’s no 50. d________ about his influence. Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 第二节、完成句子（一空一词，10分） 51.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is as interesting as that one. 52.因此，在轮子出现之后，第一条石路出现了 ______ ______ _______, the first roads made of stone appeared after _____ ______ _______ the wheel. 53.毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。 _______ ________, the wheel is one of the most important inventions______ _______ ________. 54. 嘲笑别人的缺点是不礼貌的。 It's impolite to ______ ______ ______ others' shortcomings. 55.这个新公园不仅美丽，而且很受孩子们欢迎。 This new park is ______ ______ beautiful ______ ______ very popular with children. 第四节、书面表达（15分） 我校第一届创客节于上周落幕，八年级的李华同学在本次创客节中发明了一个AI机器人并获得了一等奖的好成绩。假如你是校英语报的记者，请根据以下提示写一篇新闻稿，介绍李华的作品，要点如下： 外观 有两条长手臂，脸是一块屏幕，和学生一样高 功能 1. 会做家务 2. 教学生学英语 3. ……(自行补充) 意义 1. 鼓励学生使用新科技 2. ……(自行补充) 要求： 1. 不少于80词(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使语句通顺、条理清楚、意义连贯； 4. 卷面整洁、书写规范。 参考词汇: screen 屏幕 n.   function 功能 n.  technology 科技 n. Last week, Li Hua from the 8th grade invented an AI robot and won the first prize at the Invention Festival. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$