高效作业21 Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking &Listening and Talking-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Unit 4　Natural Disasters 高效作业21 [Period Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking] (见学生用书P241) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed__ during the earthquake. 2．The loud noise of the truck outside affected__ our study yesterday. 3．Too much drinking will do damage__ to your health; you should take the doctor's advice and give it up. 4．The firefighters did all they could to put out the fire and tried to rescue__the trapped people. 5．More __shelters__ (避难所) for the homeless should be built in some big cities. 6．Millions of people in that country are suffering from starvation as a result of the __drought__ (旱灾). 7．Some children were swinging and__sliding__ (滑行) on the ice happily when they heard someone crying for help. 8．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after __death__ (死亡). 9．A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the__flood__(洪水). 10．Remember to __evacuate__(疏散) the guests immediately and direct them to safe places once a fire breaks out in the hotel. 11．How would the disabled people escape in an__emergency__(紧急情况)? 12．The plane narrowly avoided the __disaster__(灾难) when one of the engines cut out on take－off. 13．The __pipe__(管道) burst, sending out a shower of water. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Earthquakes are one of the most deadly natural __disasters__(disaster). 2． We will do everything in our power __to__help__(help) you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties. 3．The disease causes thousands of __deaths__(die) each year. 4．As floodwater rose, their homes were all __flooded__， so people __flooded__ into a big house on the top of the hill. (flood) 5．__Affected__(affect) by a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly. 6．The houses which had been __damaged__(damage) in the terrible earthquake were repaired. 7．__To__rescue__(rescue) the drowning boy，the soldier jumped into the lake without hesitation. 8．I'd like to help but it's not in my power __to__cancel__(cancel) the order. 9． She heard the wind __whistling__(whistle) through the trees and the howl of a distant wolf. 10． The teacher was__tapping__(tap) her fingers on the desk impatiently trying to silence the pupils when I passed the classroom. 11．The hunt for the escaped prisoner will continue, with the police__aided__(aid) by the local government. Ⅲ.短语填空 1．As people in mounting numbers __flood__into__(大量涌入) cities, city services have been at a breaking point(极限). 2．When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers __came__to__our__rescue__(前来救援我们). 3．Obviously, this disaster has __caused/done__serious__damage__to__(给……带来严重损害) the country's economy. 4．His health will__be__badly__affected__by__(被严重影响) this disease. 5．The workers wear masks to __shelter/protect__ their eyes __from__(保护……免受……) the glare of the fire. 6．Always have your dictionary __on__hand__ (在手边) when you study. 7．Several hours later, the little boy was rescued __with__the__aid__of__ (在……的帮助下) the police. 8． After the President__came__to__power__(上台， 执政), he delivered a wonderful speech to the whole country. Ⅳ.写作佳句 1．像吸烟、酗酒等坏习惯，养成容易但戒掉难。(slide) It's easy to __slide__into__bad__habits__ like smoking and drinking, but it's hard to quit. 2．看到墙上的照片时，他童年的记忆涌上心头。(flood) Memories of his childhood came__flooding__back__when he looked at the photos on the wall. 3．昨晚，我们在附近的一家咖啡馆避雨。(shelter n．) Last night, we __took__shelter__ from the rain in a nearby café. 4．我不得不说我非常喜欢中国。(affection) I have to say I__have__a__great__affection__for__China. [话题语篇提升] Ⅴ.阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 2024·台州中学高一检测As a child, I had spent my holidays travelling our village in Bangladesh — running across the rice fields or farms and fishing in lakes. But this had started to wear__off as a teen. One thing I remember about that trip was when we were only about half an hour away from our village, we had to get out of our car. The road in front of us was completely under water. We all got on a bamboo boat for another two or three hours. That was 15 years ago — the last time I visited our village. One by one, many other villagers left there. But my father has been working hard to build it up. He doesn't want it to be lost. Yes, we should protect our home. But there is something else to think about: climate crisis(气候危机). Bangladesh is at the centre of the climate crisis — it is hit by floods, droughts, storms and other natural disasters. “I jokingly say, Bangladesh is a laboratory for natural disasters，” says Prof Ainun Nishat, an expert on climate change from Bangladesh. The period from June to October sees heavy rains. But the rainfall time is becoming more erratic(难以预测的). In 2020, Sylhet, my home town, was hit by huge floods that affected thousands of families, whose homes were swept away. In fact, over a quarter of the country was flooded. Nearly 1.3 million homes were damaged, and hundreds of people died. The weather is getting more extreme(极端的). It is getting too hot. And the supply of water can't be relied upon, leaving the land getting drier. Although people have worries about droughts and floods, unlike in the past, the country is well－prepared to deal with them. Prof Nishat says, “Maybe 20 or 30 years ago we depended on external(外部的) support to return to normal from any natural disaster, but now it's different. The country has developed, and we have suffered from these disasters many times, so the people are one of the most prepared.” (　C　)1．What does the underlined phrase “wear off” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Advance.　　　　　B．Make sense. C．Disappear. D．Lose control. (　A　)2．What do we know about Bangladesh? A．It is affected by many natural disasters. B．It needs more people to build it up. C．People living there lead an unhappy life. D．Experts are studying why the climate changes there. (　D　)3．Why does the author mention the flood happening in 2020? A．To prove floods are difficult to avoid. B．To show the effects of climate change. C．To prove floods are frequent in Bangladesh. D．To show the great damage caused by floods. (　B　)4．What do Prof Nishat's words in the last paragraph show? A．People in Bangladesh think the external support is unnecessary. B．People in Bangladesh try to rebuild their homes on their own. C．Bangladesh needs more support to aid its development. D．Bangladesh is trying hard to deal with climate change. 【语篇解读】作者回忆了自己的祖国孟加拉国以前受到洪水、干旱、风暴和其他自然灾害袭击的情景以及现在的情况。 1．C　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“One thing I remember about that trip was when we were only about half an hour away from our village, we had to get out of our car. The road in front of us was completely under water. We all got on a bamboo boat for another two or three hours.(那次旅行我记得的一件事是，当我们离村子只有半小时的路程时，我们不得不下车。我们前面的路完全被水淹没了。我们都上了竹船，又行驶了两三个小时。)”和第二段内容可知，那个村子以前的景象已经都消失了。由此可知，画线短语wear off的意思是“消失”，和disappear意思相近。故选C。 2．A　细节理解题。根据第三段的中“Bangladesh is at the centre of the climate crisis — it is hit by floods, droughts, storms and other natural disasters.(孟加拉国处于气候危机的中心——它受到洪水、干旱、风暴和其他自然灾害的袭击。)”可知，孟加拉国受到许多自然灾害的影响。故选A。 3．D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In 2020, Sylhet, my home town, was hit by huge floods that affected thousands of families, whose homes were swept away. In fact, over a quarter of the country was flooded. Nearly 1.3 million homes were damaged, and hundreds of people died.(2020年，我的家乡锡尔赫特遭受了特大洪水的袭击，成千上万的家庭受到影响，他们的家园被冲走了。事实上，超过四分之一的国土被洪水淹没。近130万座房屋受损，数百人死亡。)”可知，作者提到2020年发生的洪水是为了展示洪水造成的巨大破坏。故选D。 4．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中他说的话“Maybe 20 or 30 years ago we depended on external(外部的) support to return to normal from any natural disaster, but now it's different. The country has developed, and we have suffered from these disasters many times, so the people are one of the most prepared.(也许二三十年前，我们需要依靠外部支持才能从自然灾害中恢复正常，但现在情况不同了。国家已经发展了，我们遭受过很多次这样的灾难，所以人们是最有准备的。)”可推断出，Nishat教授的话表明了孟加拉国人民试图靠自己重建家园。故选B。 B Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami, adding weight to the idea that they have a “sixth sense” for disasters, experts said on Thursday. Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the waves that killed so many people along the Indian Ocean island's coast seemingly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found. “No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare or rabbit. I think animals can sense disasters. They have a ‘sixth sense’. They know when things are happening，”H.D.Ratnayake, deputy director(副局长) of Sri Lanka's Wildlife Department, said on Wednesday. The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km inland at Yala National Park in the southeast, one of Sri Lanka's nature reserves and home to hundreds of wild elephants. “There has been a lot of evidence(证据) of dogs barking or birds migrating(迁徙) before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proved，” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo. “There have been no specific studies because you can't really test it in a lab or a field setting，” he said. Other authorities agreed with this conclusion. “Wildlife seems to be able to pick up certain signs, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters，” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife. Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators(捕食性动物). The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence on Sri Lanka's damaged coast is likely to support. (　A　)5．What happened after the Indian Ocean tsunami? A．Many people died but wild animals survived. B．The “six sense” of wild animals developed. C．Wild beasts were killed or went missing. D．The coast was found in good condition. (　B　)6．What does H．D.Ratnayake do? A．He is a zookeeper. B．He is a wildlife official. C．He is a movie director. D．He is an animal behaviour expert. (　C　)7．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “detecting” in Paragraph 5? A．Taking up. B．Putting up. C．Picking up. D．Bringing up. (　D　)8．In which section of a newspaper can we read this text? A．Travel. B．Custom. C．Culture. D．Discovery. 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了专家们对于动物可能对灾难有“第六感”的重大发现。 5．A　细节理解题。根据第二段“Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the waves that killed so many people along the Indian Ocean island's coast seemingly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found.(斯里兰卡野生动物官员表示，在印度洋岛屿海岸造成如此多人死亡的海浪似乎放过了野生动物，没有发现死亡动物。)”可知，本次海啸造成了人员死亡，动物却活下来了。故选A。 6．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“H.D. Ratnayake, deputy director(副局长) of Sri Lanka's Wildlife Department(斯里兰卡野生动物局的一位副局长H.D.Ratnayake)”可知，H.D.Ratnayake为野生动物局的官员。故选B。 7．C　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“Wildlife seems to be able to pick up certain signs, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters(野生动物似乎能够发现某些迹象，尤其是鸟类。有许多关于鸟类detecting即将到来的灾难的报道)”可知，鸟类能发现灾难的某些迹象，画线词与上文中的pick up同义，意为“察觉；发现；注意到”。故选C。 8．D　推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段“Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami, adding weight to the idea that they have a ‘sixth sense’ for disasters, experts said on Thursday.(专家周四表示，野生动物似乎躲过了印度洋海啸，这证明了它们对灾难有‘第六感’的这种想法的正确性。)”可知，本文主要介绍了专家们对于动物的一项重大发现，因此文章可能出自报纸的“发现”版。故选D。 Ⅵ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 2024·永州一中高一检测 How to Prepare for and Survive a Flood Flood is a common natural disaster around the world. 1．__B__ If so, quickly review these flood safety guidelines to increase your chances of survival and protect your possessions. Pay close attention to the radio, television, community announcements or your cell phone for official flooding updates. 2．__E__ A flood watch means a flood is possible in your area. A flood warning means a flood is already occurring or will occur soon—and you should be prepared to leave the flood area. 3．__A__ Put at least three days of supplies for everyone in it, including water (one gallon per person per day), non－perishable(不易变质的) food, a flashlight, battery－powered radio, solar－powered phone chargers, extra batteries, and a 7－day supply of medications. If you have time before you leave, secure your home. Bring in outdoor furniture. Move necessary items to the highest part of the upper floor of your home. Turn off all the appliances(家用电器) like TV, refrigerator, washing machine, and air－conditioner. 4．__G__ Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water can sweep you off your feet. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. 5．__F__ If you come upon a flowing stream where water is above your ankles, stop, turn around and go another way. People underestimate(低估) the force and power of water. A．Have an emergency survival kit on hand. B．Are you in a frequently flood－stricken area? C．How to ensure your safety in a serious flood? D．Take as much useful furniture as possible when you leave. E．Know the difference between a flood “watch” and “warning”． F．Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you. G．Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water. 【语篇解读】洪水是世界各地常见的自然灾害。本文主要介绍了洪水到来时应该采取的一些措施。 1．B　根据下文“If so, quickly review these flood safety guidelines to increase your chances of survival and protect your possessions.(如果是，请迅速查看这些洪水安全指南，以增加你的生存机会并保护你的财产。)”中的 “If so”可知，B项“Are you in a frequently flood－stricken area? (你在一个经常遭受水灾的地区吗？)”符合语境。故选B。 2．E　根据下文“A flood watch means a flood is possible in your area. A flood warning means a flood is already occurring or will occur soon—and you should be prepared to leave the flood area. (洪水预警意味着你所在的地区可能会发生洪水。洪水警报意味着洪水已经发生或即将发生，你应该做好离开洪水地区的准备。)”可知，下文分别介绍了洪水预警和洪水警报。E项“Know the difference between a flood ‘watch’ and ‘warning’. (了解洪水‘预警’和‘警报’之间的区别。)”符合语境。故选E。 3．A　空处是本段主旨句。根据下文“Put at least three days of supplies for everyone in it, including water (one gallon per person per day), non－perishable(不易变质的) food, a flashlight, battery－powered radio, solar－powered phone chargers, extra batteries, and a 7－day supply of medications. [为每个人提供至少三天的用品，包括水(每人每天一加仑)、不易变质的食物、手电筒、电池供电的收音机、太阳能手机充电器、额外的电池和7天的药物供应。]”可知，下文介绍洪水到来时需准备的逃生物品。A项“Have an emergency survival kit on hand.(手头有应急救生包。)”最能概括本段主旨。故选A。 4．G　根据上文“Turn off all the appliances(家用电器) like TV, refrigerator, washing machine, and air－conditioner. (关掉电视、冰箱、洗衣机、空调等所有家用电器。)”可知，上文讲到要关掉家用电器。G项“Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.(如果你身体潮湿或站在水中，请勿触摸电气设备。)”承接上文，选项中的electrical equipment与上文中的appliances相对应，符合语境。故选G。 5．F　根据上文“If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving.(如果你必须在水中行走，那就走在水不流动的地方。)”可知，上文讲到在水中行走时的注意事项。F项“Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you.(用棍子检查你面前地面的牢固程度。)”进一步补充说明在水中行走应注意什么，符合语境。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$