Unit 4 Period Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking--【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Period Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking (见学生用书P133) We cannot stop natural disasters but we can arm ourselves with knowledge: so many lives wouldn't have to be lost if there was enough disaster preparedness. 我们无法阻止自然灾害，但我们可以用知识武装自己：如果有足够的防灾准备，就不必失去这么多生命。 [Listening and Speaking] 1．__disaster__/dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n．灾难；灾害 2．tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n．(pl.－oes or－os)__龙卷风；旋风__ 3．__drought__/draʊt/ n．旱灾；久旱 4．landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/ n．(landfall)__(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡__ 5．__slide__/slaɪd/ vi. & vt. (slid, slid) (使)滑行；滑动 6．tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/n.__海啸__ 7．__flood__/flʌd/n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没 8．volcanic eruption/vɒlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn/__火山喷发__ 9．magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ n. __(地)震级；重大__ 10．__rescue__/ˈreskjuː/ n．& vt.营救；救援 11．__damage__/ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失 12．__destroy__/dɪˈstrɔɪ/ vt.摧毁；毁灭 13．evacuate/ɪˈvækjueɪt/ vt.__疏散；撤出__ vi.__撤离__ 14．helicopter /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n.__直升机__ 15．__death__/deθ/ n．死；死亡 16．__affect__/əˈfekt/ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 17．__shelter__/ˈʃeltə(r)/ n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险) [Listening and Talking] 1．__power__/ˈpaʊə(r)/n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 2．tap/tæp/vi.& vt.__轻叩；轻敲；轻拍__n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 3．__pipe__/paɪp/n.管子；管道 4．__whistle__/ˈwɪsl/vi.__吹口哨；发出笛声__vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声)；呼啸声 5．__emergency__/iˈmɜːdʒənsi/n.突发事件；紧急情况 6．__calm__/kɑːm/adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静 7．__aid__/eɪd/n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt. (formal)帮助；援助 8．__kit__/kɪt/n.成套工具；成套设备 first aid kit__急救箱__ 9．__on__ hand现有(尤指帮助) [Listening and Speaking] 1．slide(教材P48) 　 slide vi.&vt. (slid, slid) (to move easily and without interruption over a smooth surface)(使)滑行；滑动；迅速熟练地进出；(使)快捷而悄声地移动；(价格等)下滑；n.滑梯；(价格、数量等的)下降；幻灯片；(情况)变糟；(岩石、土等的)崩落 slide down沿着……滑落 slide into偷偷溜进；不自觉地陷入(某种情绪、态度或情境) [活学活用] (1)写出下列各句中slide的词性及含义 ①You can slide on the screen to unlock your phone.__v.滑动__ ②Much to buyers' surprise, house prices this year begin to slide.__v.下降__ ③It's fun to slide on the ice. __v.滑行__ ④I can see two young children playing happily on a slide.__n.滑梯__ (2)She __slid__ out/away while no one was looking. 她趁着没人看见溜了出去。 (3)He__slid__into__ the classroom while the teacher was writing on the blackboard. 趁老师在黑板上写字时，他偷偷溜进了教室。 (4)Tears were __sliding__down__ his cheeks when he heard the news that his wife had passed away. 当他听到妻子去世的消息时，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 (1)Nobody noticed when he entered the classroom; he slid into/stole into/sneaked into it from the back door. 他走进教室时没有人注意到。他从后门溜了进去。 (2)“The ice looked solid. Go ahead，”Harry urged. “Try it.You're lighter than I am.If the ice holds，we can run and slide carefully on it.It'll be fun.” “冰看起来是坚硬的。往前走。”哈里催促道。“试一下。你比我轻。如果冰能撑住，我们就可以在上面小心地奔跑和滑行。这会很有趣的。” 2．flood(教材P48) 　flood (1)vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没；充斥；挤满 flood in/into大量涌入 flood out of sth蜂拥而出 flood back不断涌现 flood the market with．..用……充斥市场 be flooded with充满…… (2)n. (a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry)洪水；大量 a flood of 大批，大量 in floods of tears泪如雨下 [活学活用] (1)She drew back the curtains and the sunlight came flooding in. 她拉开窗帘，阳光倾泻进来。 (2)She came downstairs in floods of tears. 她泪流满面地走下楼来。 (3)The Internet news is also __flooded__with__ false information, which misleads people easily. 网络新闻也充斥着虚假信息，很容易误导人们。 (4)单句语法填空 ①Our washing machine broke down yesterday and __flooded__(flood) the kitchen. ②He was __flooded__(flood) with joy when his first child was born. ③Car producers flood the market __with__ cheap cars. ④Memories of her time in Paris __flooded__(flood) back; she burst into tears. ⑤Large numbers of immigrants flooded __into/in__the area, which caused some local problems. (1)Suddenly the past came flooding in like a tide. 突然，过去(的记忆)如潮水般涌来。 (2)A flood of fear welled up inside him. 他心中涌起大量恐惧。 3．What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood－hit area？救援人员和士兵正在洪水灾区做什么？(教材P48) 　rescue n．&vt.(to help someone or something out of a dangerous, harmful, or unpleasant situation)救援；营救 (1)rescue．..from．..　把……从……营救出来 (2)come to one's rescue＝rescue sb营救某人 search and rescue 搜索与营救 a rescue team　救援队 (3)rescuer n．救援者 [活学活用] (1)The exhausted climbers were waiting for rescue workers. 精疲力竭的登山者正在等待救援人员。 (2)Some villagers were buried by the landslide，and the rescue team __came__to__their__rescue__． 一些村民因滑坡被埋，救援队前来营救他们。 (3)__To__rescue__the trapped and buried people, the government immediately took effective measures, sending the soldiers to the earthquake－stricken areas. 为了营救被困和被埋的人们，政府立即采取了有效措施，派遣士兵前往地震灾区。 (4)单句语法填空 ①The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors __from__ the sinking ship. ②__Rescuers__(rescue) said the injured were taken to a hospital nearby, and fortunately their injuries were not serious. ③Many scholars are making efforts__to__rescue__(rescue) disappearing languages. (1)The firefighters thought little/nothing of their personal safety and as usual rescued the people who were trapped in the fire. 消防队员们丝毫不顾个人安全，像往常一样救出了被困在火中的人。 (2)They struggled for four hours in the freezing water before they were rescued. 他们在冰冷的水中挣扎了四个小时才获救。 4．Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？首尔哪些建筑被毁？(教材P48) 　damage (1)vt.(to harm or spoil sth/sb)损害；破坏 be badly damaged　　遭受严重损害 damage one's health　损害某人的健康 (2)n.(physical harm caused to sth which makes it less attractive, useful or valuable)损坏；损失；损害；伤害 do/cause damage to　给……带来/造成毁坏/损失 [活学活用] (1)The Summer Palace, one of the most famous gardens in the world, suffered severe__damage__ during various periods of wars. 颐和园——世界上最著名的花园之一，在不同时期的战争中遭到了严重的破坏。 (2)As we all know, smoking can __do/cause__damage__to__our__health__． (damage n．) ＝It is well－known that smoking can __damage__our__health__．(damage vt.) 众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。 (3)单句语法填空 ①After he retired, the old man did all he could to protect the old temple from __being__damaged__(damage). ②The library __was__ badly __damaged__(damage) in the fire. ③ Strong winds had caused serious damage __to__ the roof. (1)Too many traffic jams have done damage to our daily life. 太多的交通堵塞破坏了我们的日常生活。 (2)Many a house has been damaged in the powerful earthquake so far，so the homeless survivors have to stay in tents for the time being. 到目前为止，许多房屋在这场强烈的地震中被破坏，因此无家可归的幸存者不得不暂时住在帐篷里。 5．2，400 homes destroyed 2 400座房屋被毁(教材P49) 　destroy vt.(to damage something so badly that it cannot be used)摧毁；毁灭 (1)destroy one's hope/confidence/faith 摧毁某人的希望/信心/信仰 be(completely) destroyed by fire/a bomb/an earthquake 被大火/炸弹/地震(彻底)摧毁 (2)destruction n. 毁灭；消灭；破坏 (3)destructive adj.毁灭性的，引起破坏的 [活学活用] (1)No one was injured in the earthquake, but the building was completely destroyed. 没有人在地震中受伤，但大楼被彻底毁坏了。 (2)Most of the old part of the city __was__destroyed__by__ bombs during the war. 城市的大部分旧城区在战争期间被炸弹摧毁了。 (3)单句语法填空 ①The accident seemed to have completely/totally__destroyed__(destroy) his confidence. ②Many species are in danger of extinction because of our__destruction__ (destroy) of their natural habitats. ③I worry about the __destructive__(destroy) effect that violent films may have on children. ④The fires burned for three days, __destroying__(destroy) a total of 25，000 buildings. ⑤It is reported that many a house __has__been__destroyed__ (destroy) by the terrible earthquake so far. (1)There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution，forests being destroyed, factory farming and overfishing. It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants. 如此多物种灭绝的原因有很多：空气和水污染、森林被破坏、工厂化养殖和过度捕捞。很明显，人类活动已经对地球上的所有其他物种产生了负面影响，包括动物和植物。 (2)The severe storm destroyed everything in its path and was thought to be responsible for as many as forty deaths. 这场强烈的风暴摧毁了沿途的一切，据信造成多达40人死亡。 6.82 killed, 500，000 affected 82人死亡，50万人受影响(教材P49) 　affect vt.(to produce a change in sb/sth)影响；(to attack sb or a part of the body; to make sb become ill/sick)(疾病)侵袭；(to make sb have strong feelings of sadness, pity, etc.)深深打动 (1)be affected by heat/cold/a high fever　中暑/着凉/发高烧 be greatly/deeply affected by．..　被……深深打动；深受……影响 (2)affection n．喜爱 have (an) affection for　喜欢…… (3)effect n．影响 have an effect/influence on/upon．.. 对……产生影响 [活学活用] (1)写出下列各句中affect的含义 ①As far as I'm concerned，following others' advice without thinking will affect our own decisions. __影响__ ②Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected by his speech.__深深打动__ ③The disease can affect your muscles. __(疾病)侵袭__ (2) I have a deep __affection__ for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me. 我很爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。 (3)With the government's aid, those __affected__ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人搬进了新家。 (4)单句语法填空 ①The story of the little hero__affected__(affect) all of us deeply yesterday. ②Although__affected__(affect) by a high fever, he continued with his work. ③As far as I'm concerned, staying up late every day is certain __to__affect__(affect) your health. ④There is no doubt that the human activity has a great effect __on/upon__ the earth. The audience were deeply affected，and they warmly applauded for a long time. ＝Deeply affected, the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词作状语) ＝The audience，who were deeply affected, warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句) 听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。 7．Shelters set up by the government 政府设立的避难所(教材P49) 　shelter (1)n.(a structure built to give protection, especially from the weather or from attack)避难处，庇护处；(protection from rain, danger or attack)庇护；居所 take shelter from．..　躲避…… give sb shelter for the night给某人提供过夜之处 under the shelter of．..(＝under one's shelter)在……的庇护下 (2)vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险) shelter sb/sth from．..　保护某人/某物以避免…… shelter from(the rain/wind/sunlight)躲避(雨/风/阳光) [活学活用] (1)Human beings need clothing, food and shelter. 人类有衣、食、住的需求。 (2)We were caught in a thunderstorm, without anywhere __to__shelter__． 我们遇上了雷雨，没有避雨的地方。 (3)单句语法填空 ①They were standing __under__the shelter of a huge tree. ②The house is surrounded with many big trees which can shelter the house__from__ the wind. ③We sat in the shade, __sheltering__(shelter) ourselves from the sun. ④He gave us shelter__for__ the night, which touched us deeply. ⑤A group of us were sheltering __from__ the rain under the trees. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 工人们为家园被毁的幸存者建造避难所。 【Listening and Talking】 1．power lines电线(教材P53) 　power n．(the public supply of electricity)电力供应；(the strength or energy contained in sth)力量；能量；(the ability to control people or things)控制力；能力；政权；权力 (1)have the power to do sth具有做某事的能力 be in one's power在某人的控制下 (2)come to power上台；执政(动作) be in power执政；掌权(状态) (3)be beyond one's power (to do sth)某人无权/无能力(做某事) be in/within one's power (to do sth)某人有权/有能力(做某事) (4)a power failure/cut停电 (5)powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的 powerless adj.无能为力的；无权的 [活学活用] (1)The subscriber you dialed is power off. 您拨打的用户已关机。 (2)As is known to all, knowledge is power. 众所周知，知识就是力量。 (3)新北师必修第二册I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the__power__ of nature. 我开始思考，以这种方式死去是多么令人惊叹，看到大自然的力量是多么美妙。 (4)单句语法填空 ①He came __to__ power when he was 25 years old and has been __in__ power for 40 years so far. ②It's not __in__ my power to make the decision. You'll need to ask the manager about that. ③They are on the way to inventing a new car, which __is__powered__ (power) by solar batteries. ④The local government did everything in its power __to__help__(help) those affected by the big flood. (1)I have decided that I will do everything in my power to work as a qualified volunteer. 我已经决定，我将尽我所能成为一名合格的志愿者。 (2)The splendid scenery of sunset on the beach will definitely leave a deep impression on you and hold you entirely in its power. 海滩壮观的日落景色一定会给你留下深刻的印象，完全将你震慑住。 2．Stay calm.保持冷静。(教材P53) 　calm (1)adj.(not excited, nervous or upset)镇静的；沉着的 stay/remain/keep calm　 保持镇静 (2)vt.(to make sb/sth become quiet and more relaxed, especially after strong emotion or excitement)使平静；使镇静 calm down　平静/镇静下来 calm sb down　使某人平静/镇静下来 (3)calmly adv.安静地；平静地；镇静地 [活学活用] (1)Dawn came, the sea calmed but the cold was as bitter as ever. 破晓之际，海面平静了下来，但是寒冷依旧。 (2)That we should __stay/keep/remain__calm__ in the face of danger matters much in case of emergency. 在危险面前我们应该保持镇静，这在紧急情况下是很重要的。 (3)单句语法填空 ①These activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them __to__calm__(calm) down and sleep. ②新译林必修第一册He finally __calmed__(calm) down, but it took some time. ③She reacted __calmly__(calm) to the news of his death. (1)I made great efforts to remove the nervousness that overtook me and calmed myself down to think of a workable plan. 我努力消除心头的紧张情绪，使自己平静下来，想出一个可行的计划。 (2)The storm was over, and the waves lapped calmly against the beach. 风暴过去了，浪花轻缓地拍打着沙滩。 3．first aid kit 急救箱(教材P53) 　aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资；辅助物；辅助设备vi.&vt.(formal)帮助；援助 (1)first aid　急救 give first aid on sb　对某人实施急救 (2)go/come to one's aid帮助某人 in aid of sb/sth　为了帮助某人/某事物 with the aid of　在……的帮助下 (3)a useful aid to ．.. ……的好助手 (4)aid sb in (doing) sth帮助某人(做)某事 aid sb in/with sth　在某事上帮助某人 aid sb to do sth　帮助某人做某事 [活学活用] (1)Having learned I was in trouble, he __went/came__to__my__aid__ without delay. 得知我遇到了麻烦，他立即帮助我。 (2)单句语法填空 ①We are collecting money __in__ aid of the people who have lost their homes in the earthquake. ②With our teachers__aiding__(aid) us，we learned how to perform first aid. ③They encouraged and __aided__ (aid) him in his scientific studies. ④I'd be very grateful if you can aid me __in/with__ my English. In return, I will aid you__to__learn__(learn) maths. (1)I will be more than happy if you can come to my aid.Your timely help will be highly appreciated. 如果您能来帮助我，我将非常高兴。您的及时帮助我将不胜感激。 (2)A good dictionary can be a useful aid to understanding a new language. 一本好词典是理解一门新语言的好助手。 4．Report to the class the safety instructions you listed and then explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.向全班报告你们列出的安全须知，然后解释人们应该备有哪些应急物资。(教材P53) 　on hand 现有(尤指帮助)；在手边，在近旁 归纳拓展： hand in 上交 hand out给予；分发 hand over (to sb)＝hand sth over (to sb)把(权力或责任)移交给(某人) hand in hand手拉手 go hand in hand密切相关 lend sb a hand帮助某人 [活学活用] (1)Our team of experts will be on hand to offer help and advice between 2：00 p．m. and 7 p．m. daily. 每天下午2点到下午7点，我们的专家小组将随时提供帮助和建议。 (2)I like to keep a certain amount of money__on__hand__ in case I need it. 我喜欢在手头备一定数额的钱，以备不时之需。 (3)根据所给中文提示，用hand短语的适当形式填空 ①__Handing__in__(上交) his/her homework on time every day is a must for every student. ②There is no doubt that poverty and poor health often __go__hand__in__hand__(密切相关). ③The present leaders have to decide whether to__hand__over__(移交) to a younger generation. ④The student on duty should __hand__out__(分发) the exercise books before class. (1)Our staff are on hand to help search for information. 我们的员工随时可以帮助搜集信息。 (2)We always keep some candles on hand in case there's a power cut. 我们手头总备有一些蜡烛，以供停电使用。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业21　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$