Unit 1 Period Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Period Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures(见学生用书P52) ——短语 读下列教材原句并感知黑体部分的特点。 1．Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. 2．The first week was a little confusing. 3．First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. 4．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it. 5．The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student's reading ability.  我的发现： (1)句1中__名词__短语a really big challenge在句中作__表语__； (2)句2中__形容词__短语a little confusing在句中作__表语__； (3)句3中__副词__短语 very carefully在句中作__状语__； (4)句4中__名词__短语 advanced literature在句中作__宾语__； (5)句5中__名词__短语 The main purpose of the course在句中作__主语__。 常见的短语形式有名词短语(Noun Phrase)、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)、介词短语(Preposition Phrase)及动词短语(Verb Phrase)等。本单元只讲解前三种形式。 探究点1：名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 名词短语指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。常见名词短语的构成形式有： 1．限定词＋名词，如the girl, my bag。 2．限定词＋形容词＋名词，如a beautiful girl, his new jacket。 3．限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语，如a beautiful campus of my school。 4．限定词＋描述性名词＋名词，如my school life。 1．限定词包括冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this/that/these/those)、物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their等)、不定代词(some/no/neither/both等)和数词(one/two/first/second等)。 (1)He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 (名词短语my friend的构成形式为：限定词＋名词，在句中作表语) (2)I have three close friends. 我有三个要好的朋友。 (名词短语three close friends的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，在句中作宾语) (3)There are some red roses on the small table. 那张小桌子上有几朵红玫瑰。 (名词短语some red roses的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，在句中作主语) (4)We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当我们的组长。 (名词短语our group leader的构成形式为：限定词＋描述性名词＋名词，在句中作宾语补足语) 2．当多个形容词共同修饰一个名词时，它们通常按以下顺序排列：描绘形容词——大小形容词——长短形容词——形状形容词——年龄(新旧)形容词——颜色形容词——国籍形容词——材料形容词——用途(类别)形容词——名词。 a tall gray building 一座灰色的高楼 a famous Germany medical school 一所著名的德国医学院 This is a nice(好看的) small (小的)round (圆的)new (新的)brown (棕色的)French (法国的)oak (橡木)writing desk(写字台). 探究点2：形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 形容词短语指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。常见形容词短语的构成形式有： 1．副词＋形容词 (注意enough修饰形容词时，放在所修饰的形容词之后)，如very suitable，strong enough。 (1)A good friend is someone who makes you really happy. 好朋友就是能让你真正开心的人。 (形容词短语really happy的构成形式为：副词＋形容词，在句中作宾语补足语) (2)Your room is very beautiful. 你的房间很漂亮。 (形容词短语very beautiful的构成形式为：副词＋形容词，在句中作表语) (3)The little boy is old enough to go to school. 这个小男孩已经到了上学的年龄。(形容词短语old enough的构成形式为：形容词＋副词， 在句中作表语) 2．形容词＋介词短语，如good for nothing。 I am sure of success. 我确信会成功。 (形容词短语sure of success的构成形式为：形容词＋介词短语， 在句中作表语) 3．副词＋形容词＋介词短语，如well worthy of praise。 He is a teacher who is well worthy of respect.他是一位非常值得尊敬的老师。(形容词短语well worthy of respect的构成形式为：副词＋形容词＋介词短语， 在句中作表语) 探究点3：副词短语(Adverb Phrase或AdvP) 副词短语指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词短语的主要构成形式为“副词＋副词”(注意：very, quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。)，如quite well，clearly enough。 (1)He runs extremely fast.他跑得快极了。(副词短语extremely fast修饰动词runs) (2)The fire spread far too fast.火势蔓延得太快了。(副词短语far too fast 修饰动词spread) (3)Much more importantly, their underlying economic health has improved.更重要的是，他们内在的经济健康状况得到了改善。(副词短语much more importantly修饰整个句子) Ⅰ.用下划线标出下列句子中的名词短语 1．Mum, please give me two__tomatoes. I want to make a__vegetable__salad． 2．The__fallen__leaves are like a__thick__blanket__on__the__ground． 3．Just sign up for one__activity for the__joy__of__trying__something__new． 4．Mr Smith, a__famous__writer__of__science__fiction,__is to attend a__meeting． 5．I learn that you're coming to visit one__of__your__Chinese__friends. Ⅱ.用下划线标出下列句子中的形容词短语 1．Tom is much__more__friendly and he has more friends. 2．His face was white__with__anger． 3．The sport makes him strong__enough for his job. 4．This place of interest is well__worthy__of__a__second__visit． 5．What you learn at school plays a very__important part in shaping your behaviour in society. Ⅲ.用下划线标出下列句子中的副词短语 1．You are speaking too__fast. Can you speak a__little__more__slowly? 2．You speak clearly__enough. I can follow you to my school. 3．Strangely__enough,__she didn't seem to like ballet very__much． Ⅳ.单句语法填空 1．The man spoke quite __wonderfully__ (wonderful). 2．It's about an __hour's__ (hour) drive from here to my shool. 3．Please speak more __slowly__ (slow) so that we can follow you. 4．The room is __awfully__ (awful) dirty and it needs a good clean－up. 5．You, a beginner, are not advised to sign up for this __advanced__ (advance) course. Ⅴ.完成句子 1．他是一个好学生，以专注和好成绩出名。 He was a good student who was known for __concentration__and__good__grades__． 2．这两个人轻轻地下楼来到厨房。 The pair went down the stairs __quietly__ to the kitchen. 3．幸亏，杰夫保持冷静，非常迅速地关掉了煤气。 __Thankfully__， Jeff stayed calm and __turned__off__the__gas__very__quickly__． 4．网络学习日益成为人们获取知识、解决问题的重要手段。 Network learning has__increasingly__ become an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems. 5．总之，我们应该很好地了解它的优点和缺点，找到适当的方法使我们的学习更有效。 In conclusion，we should have __a__good__understanding__of__its__advantages__and__disadvantages__， finding a proper way to make our learning__more__efficient__． 6．作为一位杰出的外语老师，您帮助了我们很多。 As __an__outstanding__foreign__language__teacher__， you helped us a lot. 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业8　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$