第10讲 构词法（专项训练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第10讲 构词法 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01考查派生 考向02考查形容词后缀 考向03考查副词后缀 考向04考查名词后缀 考向05考查转化与合成 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查派生 在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。 1．Quickly gaining (popular) to be a must-visit spot for travellers, Eiffel Tower is open all year long and never sees a shortage of queues. 【答案】popularity 【解析】考查名词。句意：埃菲尔铁塔迅速走红，成为游客必去的景点，它全年开放，总是有人排队参观。空处作动词gaining的宾语，应用名词形式popularity“普及，流行”，为不可数名词，故填popularity。 2．If you are planning to come to Poland as a (tour), you will have plenty of interesting places to visit. 【答案】tourist 【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你计划以游客的身份来波兰，你将会有很多有趣的地方可以游览。 此处应填表示“游客”含义的名词作宾语，tour意为“旅行，旅游”，其表示“游客”的名词形式是tourist，且“a”后接名词单数。故填tourist。 3．Deep sleep is vitally important for overall physical health and recovery from injury or (ill). 【答案】illness 【解析】考查名词。句意：深度睡眠对整体身体健康以及从受伤或疾病中恢复至关重要。空处与injury并列，作介词from的宾语，应用名词形式illness“疾病”。故填illness 4．There’s no less (innovate) going on at the farm like this robot plant nurse which can inspect 50 acres of row crops for diseases, pests, or other issues. 【答案】innovation 【解析】考查名词。句意：在这样的农场里不乏创新之举，比如这个机器人植物护理员，它可以检查50英亩的行间作物是否有疾病、害虫或其他问题。提示词作there be句型主语，用名词innovation，意为“创新”，不可数名词。故填innovation。 5．Mr. Knospe is a solid professional documentary (photograph), not an artist with works in museums. 【答案】photographer 【解析】考查名词。句意：诺斯佩先生是一位可靠的专业纪录片摄影师，而不是一位作品收藏于博物馆的艺术家。空处作表语，应用名词photographer“摄影师”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式，故填photographer。 6．The main reason the native Sri Lankan Legume Tree went extinct was due to habitat loss from (develop) in the 20th century. 【答案】development 【详解】考查名词。句意：斯里兰卡本土豆科树灭绝的主要原因是20世纪的开发导致栖息地丧失。空处作介词from的宾语，应用名词形式development“开发”。故填development。 7．Researchers believe that watching live sporting events can improve well-being and reduce (lonely). 【答案】loneliness 【解析】考查名词。句意：研究人员认为，观看体育赛事直播可以改善幸福感并减少孤独感。空处作reduce 的宾语，应用名词形式loneliness“孤独（感）”。故填loneliness。 8．The failure was a big blow to him, but anyhow he wasn’t (courage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 【答案】discouraged 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这次失败对他来说是个沉重的打击，但无论如何，他并没有气馁，很快又恢复了往日的热情。设空处需填形容词，且结合“失败”和“很快像以往一样充满热情”可知，应表达“没有灰心”的意思，用形容词discouraged，作表语。故填discouraged。 9．They say Mr Chen is a friendly, sensitive, caring and (determine) person. 【答案】determined 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们说陈先生是一个友好、体贴、有爱心且意志坚定的人。根据空前的并列连词“and”可知，此处需用形容词与friendly、sensitive、caring并列作定语修饰名词person。determine为动词，意为“决定；确定”，其形容词形式是determined，意为“意志坚定的”，符合语境。故填determined。 10．Chinese tea culture started about 4000 years ago and gradually became an (amaze) tradition. 【答案】amazing 【解析】考查形容词。句意：中国茶文化始于约4000年前，并逐渐成为一种令人惊叹的传统。此处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词“tradition”，所给词“amaze”为动词，意为“使惊奇”，其形容词形式有amazing和amazed。其中，amazing表示“令人惊叹的”，用于修饰事物；amazed表示“感到惊叹的”，用于修饰人，此处修饰的是“tradition”（事物），因此应用amazing。故填amazing。 11．The principles of developing new habits through “everyday actions” are a much more (effect) way to change your life — one step at a time. 【答案】effective 【解析】考查形容词。句意：通过“日常行动”养成新习惯的原则是一种更有效的改变生活的方式 —— 一次一小步。空处修饰名词way，应用形容词形式effective“有效的”，作前置定语。故填effective。 12．We were so frustrated because we were __ (overwhelming) defeated by the No.1 school team. 【答案】overwhelmingly 【解析】考查副词。句意：我们感到非常沮丧，因为我们被第一校队彻底击败了。设空处修饰动词defeated，应用副词overwhelmingly作状语，意为“彻底地，压倒性地”。故填overwhelmingly。 13．She is a (remarkable) determined politician. 【答案】remarkably 【解析】考查副词。句意：她是一位非常坚定的政治家。设空处修饰形容词determined，应用副词，故填remarkably。 14．Thinking like Da Vinci, through the use of exercises, drawing and honesty, helps to guide us to be the people we (true) are in a world of fog, noise and traffic. 【答案】truly 【解析】考查副词。句意：像达芬奇一样思考，通过练习、绘画和真诚，有助于引导我们在一个充满迷雾、喧嚣和忙碌的世界中成为真正的自己。空处修饰句子，应用副词，作状语；所给词true为形容词，其副词形式为truly，意为“真正地”。故填truly。 15．Kaplan is a worldwide (education) service provider, offering academic and career advancement opportunities for students. 【答案】educational 【解析】考查形容词。句意：Kaplan是一家全球性的教育服务提供商，为学生提供学术及职业发展方面的机会。空处修饰名词短语service provider，作定语，应用形容词，educational为形容词，表示“教育的”，符合句意。故填educational。 考向02 考查形容词后缀 1．Because West Lake is an area of outstanding natural beauty, the number of boats available for hire on the lake is (limit). 【答案】limited 【句型】考查形容词作表语。句意：因为西湖是一个自然美景出众的地区，在湖上可供租用的船只数量有限。设空处跟在系动词后面作表语，且根据句意可知，设空处意为“有限的”，所以要用limited。故填limited。 2．I don’t think a man’s main mission in life is to earn as much money as possible. My dream is to live a more (meaning) life. 【答案】meaningful 【句型】考查形容词。句意：我认为一个人生活的主要使命不是尽可能多地赚钱。我的梦想是过更有意义的生活。空处修饰名词life，应用形容词形式meaningful“有意义的”，与空前的more构成形容词的比较级形式，作前置定语。故填meaningful。 3．It’s vital that you feel (comfort) at a college of your choice and the setting of a college could impact what your comfort level is. 【答案】comfortable 【句型】考查形容词。句意：在你选择的大学里感到舒适是至关重要的，而大学的环境会影响你的舒适程度。根据空前的系动词“feel”可知，此处需用形容词作表语，comfort为名词或动词，意为“安慰；舒适”，其形容词形式是comfortable，意为“舒适的”，符合语境。故填comfortable。 4．To keep themselves (wake), people sat together and told each other stories. 【答案】awake 【句型】考查形容词。句意：为了保持清醒，人们坐在一起互相讲故事。 根据固定搭配“keep + 宾语 + 形容词”，意为“使……保持某种状态”，此处需用wake的形容词形式awake“醒着的”，作宾语补足语，说明themselves的状态。故填awake。 5．Chinese characters have been adapted into (digit) form in the modern era. 【答案】digital 【句型】考查形容词。句意：在现代，汉字已经被改编成数字形式。根据空后的名词“form”可知，此处需用形容词作定语，digit为名词，意为“数字”，其形容词形式是digital，意为“数字的”。故填digital。 6．Making a (decide) choice between going on with education and starting a job right away is not an easy task. 【答案】decisive 【句型】考查形容词。句意：在继续接受教育和立即开始工作之间做出果断的决定并非易事。此处为形容词作定语，根据空前不定冠词a和空后的名词choice可知，空处需用decide的形容词形式decisive作定语修饰名词choice，意为“果断的，坚决的”，make a decisive choice意为“做出果断的决定”，符合题意。故填decisive。 7．Our school always aims to create an (include) environment where every student feels valued and respected. 【答案】inclusive 【句型】考查形容词。句意：我们学校始终致力于创造一个包容的环境，让每个学生都感到自己受到重视和尊重。本空修饰名词environment，作前置定语，应用形容词inclusive“包容的”。故填inclusive。 8．The files in the office cupboard were kept in an (order) system, making it easy to find any document. 【答案】orderly 【句型】考查形容词。句意：办公室橱柜里的文件都按照一定的顺序摆放着，这样就能方便地找到任何一份文件了。修饰名词system用形容词orderly，故填orderly。 9．Maria is (gift) at languages and can speak five different languages fluently. 【答案】gifted 【解析】考查形容词。句意：玛丽亚有语言天赋，能流利地说五种语言。be gifted at表示“在……方面有天赋”。故填gifted。 10．The girl’s family was very (support) when she decided to pursue her dream of becoming an artist, encouraging her every step of the way. 【答案】supportive 【解析】考查形容词。句意：当这个女孩决定追求成为艺术家的梦想时，她的家人给予了极大的支持，一路上一直鼓励着她。作表语，用形容词supportive，故填supportive。 考向03 考查副词后缀 1．The Harmony OS does have some bugs but (basic) it’s a good system. Otherwise, it would not be accepted by the market. 【答案】basically 【解析】考查副词。句意：Harmony操作系统确实有一些bug，但基本上它是一个不错的系统。否则，就不会被市场所接受。设空处修饰句子“it’s a good system”，应用副词作状语，故填basically。 2．Tourism is an industry that has a (necessary) close connection with governments. 【答案】necessarily 【解析】考查副词。句意：旅游业是一个与政府有着必然紧密联系的行业。设空处应填副词形式作状语，修饰形容词close，所给词necessary的副词形式是necessarily，意为“必然地”，符合句意。故填necessarily。 3．The sounds of the fireworks were (terrible) annoying. I was woken up by the noise quite a few times. 【答案】terribly 【解析】考查副词。句意：烟花的声音非常令人讨厌。我被噪音吵醒了好几次。设空处应填副词作状语，修饰形容词annoying，terrible的副词形式是terribly，意为“非常，极其”。故填terribly。 4．I don’t think I am going to the park today. Firstly, I am feeling a bit tired and need a break. (second), I have been there several times before. 【答案】Secondly 【解析】考查副词。句意：我想我今天不去公园了。首先，我觉得有点累，需要休息一下。其次，我以前去过好几次。空格处需要一个副词来承接上文的“Firstly(首先)”，表示顺序上的“其次、第二”，应用副词secondly作状语，修饰整句话，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Secondly。 5．The roads are (special) built for the disabled to ensure they can move around safely and conveniently. 【答案】specially 【解析】考查副词。句意：这些道路是专门为残疾人修建的，以确保他们能够安全、方便地出行。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词built；special的副词为specially，意为“专门地”。故填specially。 6．It’s true that (current) there are more people applying for each available job opening. 【答案】currently 【解析】考查副词。句意：的确，目前申请每一个空缺职位的人更多了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子；current的副词形式为currently，意为“目前，当前”，符合语境语法。故填currently。 7．This has not been a (notable) successful project. 【答案】notably 【解析】考查副词。句意：这不是一个特别成功的项目。successful是形容词，需要用副词来修饰，notable的副词形式是notably。故填notably。 8．All 132 passengers died (instant) when the plane slammed into (重重地撞上) the mountain. 【答案】instantly 【解析】考查副词。句意：当飞机撞到山上时，所有132名乘客当场死亡。空处修饰动词died，应用副词instantly，意为“立刻，马上”，作状语。故填instantly。 9． (subsequent) , she’d be given more work and greater responsibilities. 【答案】Subsequently 【解析】考查副词。句意：随后，她将被赋予更多的工作和更大的责任。空处修饰后文整个句子，提示词的副词形式subsequently“随后”符合题意，作状语；位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Subsequently。 10．The experienced painter colored the detailed picture (effortless), making the whole scene come to life. 【答案】effortlessly 【解析】考查副词。句意：这位经验丰富的画家毫不费力地给这幅细节丰富的画作上色，让整个画面栩栩如生。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词colored，effortless是形容词，意为“不费力的；容易的”，其副词形式为effortlessly，表示“毫不费力地”，符合语境。故填effortlessly。 考向04 考查名词后缀 1．The detailed (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. 【答案】analysis 【解析】考查名词。句意：对数据的详细分析揭示了消费者行为中一些令人惊讶的趋势。提示词作主语，用名词analysis，意为“分析”，结合谓语动词“reveals”可知，主语是单数名词。故填analysis。 2．Last night, a strange (happen) at the abandoned factory left the locals puzzled and sparked intense debates among them. 【答案】happening 【解析】考查名词。句意：昨晚，在废弃工厂发生了一件奇怪的事情，这让当地人感到困惑，并在他们之间引发了激烈的辩论。设空处需要填入名词来充当句子的主语，指代“发生的事情”。happen转换为名词形式 happening，意为“发生的事情，事件”。故填 happening。 3．Our science teacher gave us a detailed (explain) of the scientific content very patiently, using various examples to help us understand it clearly. 【答案】explanation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们的科学老师非常耐心地给我们详细解释了科学内容，并用各种例子帮助我们清楚地理解它。根据空前的形容词“detailed”可知，此处需用名词作宾语，explain为动词，意为“解释”，其名词形式是explanation，意为“解释”，且由不定冠词“a”可知，应用单数形式。故填explanation。 4．A diverse diet with the (include) of various fruits and vegetables is important for maintaining good health. 【答案】inclusion 【解析】考查名词。句意：均衡的饮食中应包含各种各样的水果和蔬菜，这对于保持身体健康非常重要。根据空格前的the和空格后的of可知，空格处应该用名词inclusion作介词with的宾语。故填inclusion。 5．Every market town in England has a (person) shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. 【答案】personality 【解析】考查名词。句意：英格兰的每个集镇都有其因数百年来生产和交易的商品及服务而形成的独特特质。这里需要一个名词作宾语，person的名词为personality表示“特质，个性”。故填personality。 6．The (pay) for the course is due by the end of this month, so please make sure to transfer the money on time. 【答案】payment 【解析】考查名词。句意：该课程的费用需在本月月底前支付完毕，所以请务必按时转账。根据空格前的The可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式payment作主语。故填payment。 7．The (run) finished the marathon in just under three hours, setting a new personal record. 【答案】runner 【解析】考查名词。句意：这个赛跑者在不到三个小时内完成了马拉松，创造了新的个人记录。空格处需填入一个名词作为主语，指代“完成马拉松的人”，使用名词runner，根据setting a new personal record可知，用单数。故填runner。 8．I attended a (present) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. 【答案】presentation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我在高中时参加了野生动物保护主义者格兰特・布朗的一场演讲。作动词的宾语，表示“演讲”用名词presentation，不定冠词提示用单数。故填presentation。 9．I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear (win). 【答案】winner 【解析】考查名词。句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但说到选择我最喜欢的定居地点，意大利显然是最佳选项。根据空前的定冠词“the”和形容词“clear”可知，此处需用名词作表语，win为动词，意为“赢”，其名词形式是winner，意为“赢家”，结合语境可知，此处指意大利是“赢家、最佳选项”，应用单数形式。故填winner。 10．The local museum invited a history (special) to give a lecture on ancient civilizations. 【答案】specialist 【解析】考查名词。句意：当地博物馆邀请了一位历史专家来做一场关于古代文明的讲座。提示词作宾语，结合句意，表示“专家”，用单数specialist。故填specialist。 考向05 考查转化与合成 在空白处填入画线单词的正确含义。 1. After users delete messages or empty the trash, they must compact their mail database on the server. 【答案】清空 【解析】考查形容词转化为动词。并列位于动词。句意：用户删除消息或清空垃圾后，必修压缩服务器上的邮件数据库。 2. When you charge the battery, irons will flow through the liquid. 【答案】充电 【解析】考查名词作动词。“充电”。句意：当你给电池充电时，电池里的液体会发生离子运动。 3.I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. 【答案】削减；降低 【解析】考查动词名词化。cut作动词“切；割；砍”。此处作名词“降低”。句意：我拍了一张花瓶的照片，然后在网上发了上去，收费10美元。有几条信息来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条要求降价。 4.We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics. 【答案】工厂 【解析】考查词类活用。此处作名词“工厂”。句意：我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能去除微塑料。 5.He seems quiet, but like still waters, he runs deep with knowledge. 【答案】静止的 【解析】still副词，本义“仍旧”，此处作形容词，“静止的，不动的”。句意：他看起来沉默寡言，但正如静水流深，内心蕴藏着深厚的学识。 6.McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer" when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. 【答案】演员阵容，全体演员 【解析】考查词类转化。cast本义作动词“投掷”，此处作名词“全体演员”。句意：麦卡玛斯是比奇伍德高中的三年级学生。当《汤姆·索亚》首次上演时，他就在演员阵容中，并且是儿童剧院的常客，已经演出了五部剧。 7.Don’t be cross with him—after all，he meant to help. 【答案】生气的 【解析】考查词性转化。cross原义“穿过”，作动词，此处作形容词，“生气的”。句意：别生他的气，毕竟他是想帮忙的。 8. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. 【答案】亲自的，现场的； 【解析】考查构词法。句意：你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生来组织一个学习小组，或者安排与你的教授面对面的会面来讨论课程的概念。 9.They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of eaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. 【答案】逛公园的人 【解析】考查构词转化。句意：他们调查了几百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，说明他们在公园里与自然进行的有意义的互动。 10.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. 【答案】使（翻倒） 【解析】考查构词转化。句意：这项研究推翻了流行的观点，即当人类在大约30万年前进化时，所有的语音都存在。 题型 理解长难句 分析句子成分，并翻译下列句子。 1.The new policy, which is aimed at reducing carbon emissions by promoting the use of renewable energy sources, stimulating public transportation development, and encouraging energy - efficient building designs, has faced strong opposition from some industries that are heavily reliant on fossil fuels and are concerned about the potential economic impacts on their operations. 【分析】1.主干：The new policy has faced strong opposition from some industries，即“新政策遭到了一些行业的强烈反对” 。2.修饰成分：“which is aimed at reducing carbon emissions...and encouraging energy - efficient building designs”是定语从句，修饰“policy”，说明政策的目的，其中包含三个并列的动名词短语“promoting the use of renewable energy sources”（促进可再生能源的使用）、“stimulating public transportation development”（刺激公共交通发展）和“encouraging energy - efficient building designs”（鼓励节能建筑设计 ）；“that are heavily reliant on fossil fuels and are concerned about the potential economic impacts on their operations”也是定语从句，修饰“industries”，描述这些行业的特点和担忧。 【句意】这项新政策旨在通过促进使用可再生能源、刺激公共交通发展和鼓励节能建筑设计来减少碳排放，但遭到了一些严重依赖化石燃料的行业的强烈反对，这些行业担心这可能对其业务造成经济影响。 【构词法】 1.emission n. 排放物；散发；排放； 2.renewable adj. 可再生的；可更新的 ；可继续的； 3.energy - efficient adj. 节能的； 4.opposition n. 反对；反抗；对立；反对派； 5.reliant adj. 依赖的；依靠的 ；信赖的； 6. economic adj.经济的； 2. One study published last year, which analyzed the lifestyles of more than two hundred and seventy-six thousand male and female United States veterans, found that adopting eight healthy behaviors could add up to twenty-four years to people's lives. 【分析】1. 主干：One study found that...（一项研究发现...... ） 2. 修饰成分： “published last year”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“study”，表示“去年发表的研究”。  “which analyzed the lifestyles of more than two hundred and seventy - six thousand male and female United States veterans”是which引导的非限定性定语从句，同样修饰“study”，用于补充说明该研究分析了27.6万多名美国退伍男女军人的生活方式 。  “that adopting eight healthy behaviors could add up to twenty - four years to people's lives”是that引导的宾语从句，作“found”的宾语，说明研究发现的具体内容，即采取八种健康行为可以使人们的寿命延长多达24年。 【构词法】 1.lifestyles生活方式； 2.veteran n. 老兵；退伍军人；经验丰富的人  ；adj. 经验丰富的；老兵的 3. female 女性的； 4. behavior  /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ ：n. 行为；举止；态度 3. An increasing number of scientists, who are dedicated to exploring the mysteries of the universe, believe that the discovery of gravitational waves, which can provide crucial insights into the nature of black holes and the early universe, marks a significant milestone in the field of astrophysics. 【分析】1. 主干：An increasing number of scientists believe that... 2.修饰成分：who are...引导定语从句修饰先行词scientists; that引导宾语从句作believed的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词waves；marks作that引导的宾语从句中的谓语。 【句意】越来越多致力于探索宇宙奥秘的科学家认为，引力波的发现为深入了解黑洞本质和早期宇宙提供了关键线索，这是天体物理学领域的一个重要里程碑。 【构词法】 1.dedicated adj. 专注的；献身的；专用的 2.mystery n. 神秘的事物；奥秘；谜 3.gravitational adj. 重力的；引力的 4.milestone n. 里程碑；重大事件；转折点 5.astrophysics n. 天体物理学 4.As governments struggle to enforce emission reduction targets amid rising global temperatures, energy conglomerates persist in delaying renewable energy transitions, a practice that exacerbates environmental degradation and fuels public outcry." 【分析】时间状语从句As...+主句+同位语结构（a strategy/practice that...）"的复合句式，通过并列结构（regulating AI systems.../enforce emission reduction targets...）和现在分词短语（increasingly integrated.../amid rising...）实现信息密度最大化，同时使用抽象名词（controversy/outcry）增强正式文体特征。 【句意】在全球气温持续攀升的背景下，当各国政府努力执行减排目标时，能源巨头仍在拖延可再生能源转型，这种做法加剧了环境恶化并引发公众强烈抗议。 【构词法】 1. enforce /ɪnˈfɔːrs/ v. 实施，执行 2.conglomerate /kənˈɡlɑːmərət/ n. 企业集团 3.transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. 转型 4.exacerbate /ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt/ v. 加剧 5.degradation /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/ n. 退化 6.outcry公开反对；强烈抗议；尖叫； 5. Drawing on a wealth of recent archaeological discoveries that span the globe, as well as deep reading in often neglected historical sources (their bibliography runs to 63 pages), the two researchers dismantle not only every element of the received account but also the assumptions that it rests on. 【分析】1.主干：the two researchers dismantle not only every element of the received account but also the assumptions（两位研究人员不仅拆解了现有说法的每一个要素，还拆解了这些说法所基于的假设），使用了“not only...but also...”结构，连接两个并列宾语。 2.修饰成分：状语：Drawing on a wealth of recent archaeological discoveries that span the globe, as well as deep reading in often neglected historical sources 为现在分词短语作状语，表明研究人员进行剖析所借助的手段。其中，“a wealth of recent archaeological discoveries that span the globe”（全球范围内丰富的最新考古发现） 中，“that span the globe”是定语从句修饰“discoveries”；“as well as deep reading in often neglected historical sources”表示“以及对常被忽视的历史资料的深入研读” 。 定语从句：“that it rests on”是定语从句，修饰先行词“assumptions”，“it”指代“the received account”，意思是现有说法所依赖的假设 。 【句意】两位研究人员利用了世界各地最近的大量考古发现，以及对经常被忽视的历史资料的深入阅读（他们的参考书目长达63页），不仅拆解了公认叙述的每一个元素，还拆解了它所依赖的假设。 【构词法】 1.archaeological adj. 考古学的；考古的 2.neglected adj. 被忽视的；未被重视的 5.bibliography n. 参考书目；文献目录 6.dismantle v. 拆开；拆卸；（逐渐）废除；取消 7.assumption n. 假定；假设；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得 1.（2025年新高考I卷）They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important 【答案】给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得 【解析】考查构词法转化。strike本义“打击；罢工；撞击”。此处作动词“给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得”，短语strike sb as + adj.，指某事给某人留下某种印象或感受。句意：他们本可以写几页关于计算机必要性的文章，但写作本身对他们来说并不重要 2.（2025年新高考I卷阅读）We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs 【答案】考虑；解释 【解析】考查构词法转化。account本义“账户；账目；描述”。此处作动词，“解释”。句意：我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。 3.（2024年新高考II卷）Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. 【答案】overvisited, over+visit+ed，参观过度的 【解析】考查构词法合成。overvisited由over（过于，超过的）+visit(访问，探访)+ed合成。句意：要有意识地选择。过度旅游的目的地之所以如此，是有原因的：它们是特别的。 4. （2024年新高考II卷）After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are. 【答案】热心的，富于同情心的，慈爱的 【解析】句意：warm-hearted由warm+hearted合成。在我把意大利作为我的永久家园后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热心。 5.（2023年全国甲卷） Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits.   【答案】没有吸引物的 【解析】考查构词法。attract 吸引+-ant +-free 构成。“没有……的”。句意;我们希望有一个干净、没有吸引物的地方，熊可以经过而不会养成坏习惯。 6.（2023年新高考II卷）The flight was uneventful, and Tiffy was a great passenger. 【答案】顺利的，平凡的，平安无事的 【解析】考查构词转换。句意：这次航班平安无事，蒂菲是一个伟大的乘客。 7.（2022年新高考全国I卷）The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution. 【答案】相互作用 【解析】考查构词转换。句意：自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音并不一定保持稳定，而是我们今天发现的巨大多样的语音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。 8.（2023年全国乙卷）The ________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world 【答案】remarkable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 9.（2022年6月浙江卷）John Olson, a former (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. 【答案】photographer 【解析】考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 10.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 　　　　 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food. 【答案】tasty　 【解析】考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,无疑是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词修饰后面的名词 soup作定语,故空处需用tasty “美味的”。 11.(2023年1月浙江高考卷) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. 【答案】spacious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 12.（2023年全国甲卷) ______ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 【答案】Different 【解析】考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 13.（2023年上海春招）Teachers and scholars must look beyond today's career-mindedness in talking about challenges to the humanities. 【答案】career-mindedness职业精神；humanities n. （总称）人的名词复数 ；人性；人文科学 【解析】在谈论人文学科面临的挑战时，教师和学者必须超越今天的职业思维。 14.(2022年新高考II卷) Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 　　　　　　 (confidence) speaking English. 【答案】confident　 【解析】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 15.（2022年1月浙江卷）When the answer was no ,she declined the________(invite) . 【答案】invitation 【解析】考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第10讲 构词法 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01考查派生 考向02考查形容词后缀 考向03考查副词后缀 考向04考查名词后缀 考向05考查转化与合成 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查派生 在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。 1．Quickly gaining (popular) to be a must-visit spot for travellers, Eiffel Tower is open all year long and never sees a shortage of queues. 2．If you are planning to come to Poland as a (tour), you will have plenty of interesting places to visit. 3．Deep sleep is vitally important for overall physical health and recovery from injury or (ill). 4．There’s no less (innovate) going on at the farm like this robot plant nurse which can inspect 50 acres of row crops for diseases, pests, or other issues. 5．Mr. Knospe is a solid professional documentary (photograph), not an artist with works in museums. 6．The main reason the native Sri Lankan Legume Tree went extinct was due to habitat loss from (develop) in the 20th century. 7．Researchers believe that watching live sporting events can improve well-being and reduce (lonely). 8．The failure was a big blow to him, but anyhow he wasn’t (courage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 9．They say Mr Chen is a friendly, sensitive, caring and (determine) person. 10．Chinese tea culture started about 4000 years ago and gradually became an (amaze) tradition. 11．The principles of developing new habits through “everyday actions” are a much more (effect) way to change your life — one step at a time. 12．We were so frustrated because we were __ (overwhelming) defeated by the No.1 school team. 13．She is a (remarkable) determined politician. 14．Thinking like Da Vinci, through the use of exercises, drawing and honesty, helps to guide us to be the people we (true) are in a world of fog, noise and traffic. 15．Kaplan is a worldwide (education) service provider, offering academic and career advancement opportunities for students. 考向02 考查形容词后缀 1．Because West Lake is an area of outstanding natural beauty, the number of boats available for hire on the lake is (limit). 【答案】limited 【句型】考查形容词作表语。句意：因为西湖是一个自然美景出众的地区，在湖上可供租用的船只数量有限。设空处跟在系动词后面作表语，且根据句意可知，设空处意为“有限的”，所以要用limited。故填limited。 2．I don’t think a man’s main mission in life is to earn as much money as possible. My dream is to live a more (meaning) life. 【答案】meaningful 【句型】考查形容词。句意：我认为一个人生活的主要使命不是尽可能多地赚钱。我的梦想是过更有意义的生活。空处修饰名词life，应用形容词形式meaningful“有意义的”，与空前的more构成形容词的比较级形式，作前置定语。故填meaningful。 3．It’s vital that you feel (comfort) at a college of your choice and the setting of a college could impact what your comfort level is. 【答案】comfortable 【句型】考查形容词。句意：在你选择的大学里感到舒适是至关重要的，而大学的环境会影响你的舒适程度。根据空前的系动词“feel”可知，此处需用形容词作表语，comfort为名词或动词，意为“安慰；舒适”，其形容词形式是comfortable，意为“舒适的”，符合语境。故填comfortable。 4．To keep themselves (wake), people sat together and told each other stories. 【答案】awake 【句型】考查形容词。句意：为了保持清醒，人们坐在一起互相讲故事。 根据固定搭配“keep + 宾语 + 形容词”，意为“使……保持某种状态”，此处需用wake的形容词形式awake“醒着的”，作宾语补足语，说明themselves的状态。故填awake。 5．Chinese characters have been adapted into (digit) form in the modern era. 【答案】digital 【句型】考查形容词。句意：在现代，汉字已经被改编成数字形式。根据空后的名词“form”可知，此处需用形容词作定语，digit为名词，意为“数字”，其形容词形式是digital，意为“数字的”。故填digital。 6．Making a (decide) choice between going on with education and starting a job right away is not an easy task. 【答案】decisive 【句型】考查形容词。句意：在继续接受教育和立即开始工作之间做出果断的决定并非易事。此处为形容词作定语，根据空前不定冠词a和空后的名词choice可知，空处需用decide的形容词形式decisive作定语修饰名词choice，意为“果断的，坚决的”，make a decisive choice意为“做出果断的决定”，符合题意。故填decisive。 7．Our school always aims to create an (include) environment where every student feels valued and respected. 【答案】inclusive 【句型】考查形容词。句意：我们学校始终致力于创造一个包容的环境，让每个学生都感到自己受到重视和尊重。本空修饰名词environment，作前置定语，应用形容词inclusive“包容的”。故填inclusive。 8．The files in the office cupboard were kept in an (order) system, making it easy to find any document. 【答案】orderly 【句型】考查形容词。句意：办公室橱柜里的文件都按照一定的顺序摆放着，这样就能方便地找到任何一份文件了。修饰名词system用形容词orderly，故填orderly。 9．Maria is (gift) at languages and can speak five different languages fluently. 【答案】gifted 【解析】考查形容词。句意：玛丽亚有语言天赋，能流利地说五种语言。be gifted at表示“在……方面有天赋”。故填gifted。 10．The girl’s family was very (support) when she decided to pursue her dream of becoming an artist, encouraging her every step of the way. 【答案】supportive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当这个女孩决定追求成为艺术家的梦想时，她的家人给予了极大的支持，一路上一直鼓励着她。作表语，用形容词supportive，故填supportive。 1．The Harmony OS does have some bugs but (basic) it’s a good system. Otherwise, it would not be accepted by the market. 【答案】basically 【详解】考查副词。句意：Harmony操作系统确实有一些bug，但基本上它是一个不错的系统。否则，就不会被市场所接受。设空处修饰句子“it’s a good system”，应用副词作状语，故填basically。 2．Tourism is an industry that has a (necessary) close connection with governments. 【答案】necessarily 【详解】考查副词。句意：旅游业是一个与政府有着必然紧密联系的行业。设空处应填副词形式作状语，修饰形容词close，所给词necessary的副词形式是necessarily，意为“必然地”，符合句意。故填necessarily。 3．The sounds of the fireworks were (terrible) annoying. I was woken up by the noise quite a few times. 【答案】terribly 【详解】考查副词。句意：烟花的声音非常令人讨厌。我被噪音吵醒了好几次。设空处应填副词作状语，修饰形容词annoying，terrible的副词形式是terribly，意为“非常，极其”。故填terribly。 4．I don’t think I am going to the park today. Firstly, I am feeling a bit tired and need a break. (second), I have been there several times before. 【答案】Secondly 【详解】考查副词。句意：我想我今天不去公园了。首先，我觉得有点累，需要休息一下。其次，我以前去过好几次。空格处需要一个副词来承接上文的“Firstly(首先)”，表示顺序上的“其次、第二”，应用副词secondly作状语，修饰整句话，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Secondly。 5．The roads are (special) built for the disabled to ensure they can move around safely and conveniently. 【答案】specially 【详解】考查副词。句意：这些道路是专门为残疾人修建的，以确保他们能够安全、方便地出行。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词built；special的副词为specially，意为“专门地”。故填specially。 6．It’s true that (current) there are more people applying for each available job opening. 【答案】currently 【详解】考查副词。句意：的确，目前申请每一个空缺职位的人更多了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子；current的副词形式为currently，意为“目前，当前”，符合语境语法。故填currently。 7．This has not been a (notable) successful project. 【答案】notably 【详解】考查副词。句意：这不是一个特别成功的项目。successful是形容词，需要用副词来修饰，notable的副词形式是notably。故填notably。 8．All 132 passengers died (instant) when the plane slammed into (重重地撞上) the mountain. 【答案】instantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：当飞机撞到山上时，所有132名乘客当场死亡。空处修饰动词died，应用副词instantly，意为“立刻，马上”，作状语。故填instantly。 9． (subsequent) , she’d be given more work and greater responsibilities. 【答案】Subsequently 【详解】考查副词。句意：随后，她将被赋予更多的工作和更大的责任。空处修饰后文整个句子，提示词的副词形式subsequently“随后”符合题意，作状语；位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Subsequently。 10．The experienced painter colored the detailed picture (effortless), making the whole scene come to life. 【答案】effortlessly 【详解】考查副词。句意：这位经验丰富的画家毫不费力地给这幅细节丰富的画作上色，让整个画面栩栩如生。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词colored，effortless是形容词，意为“不费力的；容易的”，其副词形式为effortlessly，表示“毫不费力地”，符合语境。故填effortlessly。 1．The detailed (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. 【答案】analysis 【详解】考查名词。句意：对数据的详细分析揭示了消费者行为中一些令人惊讶的趋势。提示词作主语，用名词analysis，意为“分析”，结合谓语动词“reveals”可知，主语是单数名词。故填analysis。 2．Last night, a strange (happen) at the abandoned factory left the locals puzzled and sparked intense debates among them. 【答案】happening 【详解】考查名词。句意：昨晚，在废弃工厂发生了一件奇怪的事情，这让当地人感到困惑，并在他们之间引发了激烈的辩论。设空处需要填入名词来充当句子的主语，指代“发生的事情”。happen转换为名词形式 happening，意为“发生的事情，事件”。故填 happening。 3．Our science teacher gave us a detailed (explain) of the scientific content very patiently, using various examples to help us understand it clearly. 【答案】explanation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的科学老师非常耐心地给我们详细解释了科学内容，并用各种例子帮助我们清楚地理解它。根据空前的形容词“detailed”可知，此处需用名词作宾语，explain为动词，意为“解释”，其名词形式是explanation，意为“解释”，且由不定冠词“a”可知，应用单数形式。故填explanation。 4．A diverse diet with the (include) of various fruits and vegetables is important for maintaining good health. 【答案】inclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：均衡的饮食中应包含各种各样的水果和蔬菜，这对于保持身体健康非常重要。根据空格前的the和空格后的of可知，空格处应该用名词inclusion作介词with的宾语。故填inclusion。 5．Every market town in England has a (person) shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. 【答案】personality 【详解】考查名词。句意：英格兰的每个集镇都有其因数百年来生产和交易的商品及服务而形成的独特特质。这里需要一个名词作宾语，person的名词为personality表示“特质，个性”。故填personality。 6．The (pay) for the course is due by the end of this month, so please make sure to transfer the money on time. 【答案】payment 【详解】考查名词。句意：该课程的费用需在本月月底前支付完毕，所以请务必按时转账。根据空格前的The可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式payment作主语。故填payment。 7．The (run) finished the marathon in just under three hours, setting a new personal record. 【答案】runner 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个赛跑者在不到三个小时内完成了马拉松，创造了新的个人记录。空格处需填入一个名词作为主语，指代“完成马拉松的人”，使用名词runner，根据setting a new personal record可知，用单数。故填runner。 8．I attended a (present) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. 【答案】presentation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我在高中时参加了野生动物保护主义者格兰特・布朗的一场演讲。作动词的宾语，表示“演讲”用名词presentation，不定冠词提示用单数。故填presentation。 9．I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear (win). 【答案】winner 【详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但说到选择我最喜欢的定居地点，意大利显然是最佳选项。根据空前的定冠词“the”和形容词“clear”可知，此处需用名词作表语，win为动词，意为“赢”，其名词形式是winner，意为“赢家”，结合语境可知，此处指意大利是“赢家、最佳选项”，应用单数形式。故填winner。 10．The local museum invited a history (special) to give a lecture on ancient civilizations. 【答案】specialist 【详解】考查名词。句意：当地博物馆邀请了一位历史专家来做一场关于古代文明的讲座。提示词作宾语，结合句意，表示“专家”，用单数specialist。故填specialist。 考向02 考查形容词后缀 1．Because West Lake is an area of outstanding natural beauty, the number of boats available for hire on the lake is (limit). 2．I don’t think a man’s main mission in life is to earn as much money as possible. My dream is to live a more (meaning) life. 3．It’s vital that you feel (comfort) at a college of your choice and the setting of a college could impact what your comfort level is. 4．To keep themselves (wake), people sat together and told each other stories. 5．Chinese characters have been adapted into (digit) form in the modern era. 6．Making a (decide) choice between going on with education and starting a job right away is not an easy task. 7．Our school always aims to create an (include) environment where every student feels valued and respected. 8．The files in the office cupboard were kept in an (order) system, making it easy to find any document. 9．Maria is (gift) at languages and can speak five different languages fluently. 10．The girl’s family was very (support) when she decided to pursue her dream of becoming an artist, encouraging her every step of the way. 考向03 考查副词后缀 1．The Harmony OS does have some bugs but (basic) it’s a good system. Otherwise, it would not be accepted by the market. 2．Tourism is an industry that has a (necessary) close connection with governments. 3．The sounds of the fireworks were (terrible) annoying. I was woken up by the noise quite a few times. 4．I don’t think I am going to the park today. Firstly, I am feeling a bit tired and need a break. (second), I have been there several times before. 5．The roads are (special) built for the disabled to ensure they can move around safely and conveniently. 6．It’s true that (current) there are more people applying for each available job opening. 7．This has not been a (notable) successful project. 8．All 132 passengers died (instant) when the plane slammed into (重重地撞上) the mountain. 9． (subsequent) , she’d be given more work and greater responsibilities. 10．The experienced painter colored the detailed picture (effortless), making the whole scene come to life. 考向04 考查名词后缀 1．The detailed (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. 2．Last night, a strange (happen) at the abandoned factory left the locals puzzled and sparked intense debates among them. 3．Our science teacher gave us a detailed (explain) of the scientific content very patiently, using various examples to help us understand it clearly. 4．A diverse diet with the (include) of various fruits and vegetables is important for maintaining good health. 5．Every market town in England has a (person) shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. 6．The (pay) for the course is due by the end of this month, so please make sure to transfer the money on time. 7．The (run) finished the marathon in just under three hours, setting a new personal record. 8．I attended a (present) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. 9．I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear (win). 10．The local museum invited a history (special) to give a lecture on ancient civilizations. 考向05 考查转化与合成 在空白处填入画线单词的正确含义。 1. After users delete messages or empty the trash, they must compact their mail database on the server. 2. When you charge the battery, irons will flow through the liquid. 3.I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. 4.We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics. 5.He seems quiet, but like still waters, he runs deep with knowledge. 6.McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer" when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. 7.Don’t be cross with him—after all，he meant to help. 8. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. 9.They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of eaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. 10.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. 题型 理解长难句 分析句子成分，并翻译下列句子。 1.The new policy, which is aimed at reducing carbon emissions by promoting the use of renewable energy sources, stimulating public transportation development, and encouraging energy - efficient building designs, has faced strong opposition from some industries that are heavily reliant on fossil fuels and are concerned about the potential economic impacts on their operations. 分析： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. One study published last year, which analyzed the lifestyles of more than two hundred and seventy-six thousand male and female United States veterans, found that adopting eight healthy behaviors could add up to twenty-four years to people's lives. 分析： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. An increasing number of scientists, who are dedicated to exploring the mysteries of the universe, believe that the discovery of gravitational waves, which can provide crucial insights into the nature of black holes and the early universe, marks a significant milestone in the field of astrophysics. 分析： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.As governments struggle to enforce emission reduction targets amid rising global temperatures, energy conglomerates persist in delaying renewable energy transitions, a practice that exacerbates environmental degradation and fuels public outcry." 分析： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Drawing on a wealth of recent archaeological discoveries that span the globe, as well as deep reading in often neglected historical sources (their bibliography runs to 63 pages), the two researchers dismantle not only every element of the received account but also the assumptions that it rests on. 分析： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.（2025年新高考I卷）They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important 2.（2025年新高考I卷阅读）We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs 3.（2024年新高考II卷）Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. 4. （2024年新高考II卷）After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are. 5.（2023年全国甲卷） Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits.   6.（2023年新高考II卷）The flight was uneventful, and Tiffy was a great passenger. 7.（2022年新高考全国I卷）The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution. 8.（2023年全国乙卷）The ________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world 9.（2022年6月浙江卷）John Olson, a former (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. 10.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 　　　　　　 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food. 11.(2023年1月浙江高考卷) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. 12.（2023年全国甲卷) ______ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 13.（2023年上海春招）Teachers and scholars must look beyond today's career-mindedness in talking about challenges to the humanities. 14.(2022年新高考II卷) Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 　　　　　　 (confidence) speaking English. 15.（2022年1月浙江卷）When the answer was no ,she declined the________(invite) . 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$