专题11 初升高衔接主谓一致（讲义+课件+练习）- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程（暑期自学通用版）.docx

2025年 初升高衔接课程 主谓一致 专题十一 英语 目录 概述 意义一致 就近原则 1 2 3 4 语法一致 概述 主谓一致 所谓“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一致是主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面的一致，主语的单、复数形式决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。 语法一致、意义一致、就近原则 什么是主谓一致？ He is a teacher . We are students . There are some desks in the classroom . 主 谓 复 复 主 谓 谓 主 复 复 单 单 主谓一致：_______________________________ 主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致 4 语法一致 语法一致原则 主语和谓语在单复数形式上保持一致，即主语名词中心词是复数形式，谓语动词即为复数形式，主语为单数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词即为单数形式。 The boy is playing basketball now. The boys are playing basketball now. Either answer is correct. Both answers are correct. 语法一致(Grammar Agreement): 主语为单数形式，谓语动词就采用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也就采用复数形式。 主单谓单；主复谓复 [2024年全国甲卷] They _________(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in the witness of the natural beauties there . [2024年全国新高考II卷] “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ________(be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. ” [2022新高考I卷] The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____________ (be) previously unprotected. were were were 语法一致(Grammar Agreement): 主语为单数形式，谓语动词就采用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也就采用复数形式。 １．and 连接的名词作主语 　2). 连接的名词表示不同的事物,谓语动词用复数 1). and 连接的两个名词，指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and 的后面的名词前面没有冠词． [2022年浙江卷1月] But Cobb and others_______ (be)now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely…… are The poet and the writer _________ (have/has) come. The poet and writer_________ (have/has) come. have has 主单谓单；主复谓复 2. 不定式、不定代词、动名词、或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数 each neither either +of + the+复数名词或代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数 3. 不定代词: someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing,each等 Each of the participants __________ (have/has)played a role. Neither of the actors _________ (believe)what Huahua has said. has believes [2024 T8联考] Each year _______________(represent) by an animal . Chinese New Year 2024 is a year of Loong. is represented 4. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an 后接名词单数谓语动词用单数. Many a young man __________(speak) highly of this show. speaks 意义一致 意义一致原则 谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的单复数意义，而非其语法形式。 1.名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、距离、度量、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Seven kilometers is a long walk to me. One hundren dollars is too much to pay for this shirt. 意义一致 意义一致原则 谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的单复数意义，而非其语法形式。 1.名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、距离、度量、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Seven kilometers is a long walk to me. One hundren dollars is too much to pay for this shirt. 2. 一些以“-s”结尾的名词表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。 This news is important for us. Physics is my favorite subject. 3. 一些集合名词作主语时表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。如：clothing、luggage、furniture、equipment、jewelry、machinery等。 My luggage was sent by air. The equipment of our factory is designed by Chinese. 4. 一些集合名词形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数，即“形单意复”。如：people、police、cattle、poultry等。 More and more people attend open university. The police have arrested the murderer. 5.不定式、 现在分词和从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 To start from now on is never too late. Reducing the use of plastic bags is good for ecological protection. 6. 一些集合名词既可表示单数概念，也可表示复数概念。如：family, class, audience, public, government等 (1) 当视为整体时表示单数，谓语动词用单数形式； That family is a happy one. (2) 当视为个体时，谓语动词用复数。 The family are having lunch now. 7. and/both...and...连接两个主语时， (1) 表示两个不同的人或物时，为复数意义，谓语动词用复数; Reading and writing are very important. (2) 表示同一个人或物时，为单数意义，谓语动词用单数。 The teacher and writer is my aunt. 8. 复合不定代词作主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用单数。 There is something wrong with my watch. Nothing is imposible if you put your heart into it. 9. 有些短语，如: a lot of, most of, any of, half of, some of, none of, the rest of, all of, 百分数，分数等后接不可数名词或单数名词时，谓语动词用单数；接可数名词的复数形式时，谓语动词用复数。 A lot of money was spent on poverty reduction. Most of e-books have replaced the printed books. About three fouths of the surface of the earth is water. About 50 percent of the students in our school are girls. 二. 意义一致(Meaning Agreement）: 主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。 1. 有些集合名词如: class, family, government, group, team, audience ,enemy，committee等，在意义上是复数，但在语法形式上是单数，这类名词作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语用单数形式；如果强调其中一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式 The Trump Card family ____ (be) a big one. [2024湖南一模] Picking tea leaves _______(be) an important spring activity in the Yangtze River basin in South China . is is 注意：police , people, cattle 等这些集合名词作主语时谓语通常用复数形式 意单用单；意复用复 2. “ the +形容词”表示一类人或事物 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式 The injured _______(be) saved after the fire. The old________ (be) well taken care of in our country. were are 3. 主语中有all ,a part ,half, most, the rest等, 以及“分数或百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其连用的名词 Most of the apple _______ (be) eaten by Jack Nearly 60 percent of the students in our class_________( be) boys was are 4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词复数形式作主语作为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数 Twenty years ______ (be) only a short time in human history. Ten dollars ______(be) too much to pay. is is 就近原则 1.主语后有with, as well as, together with, along with, like, but, as well as, except, including, rather than, besides等引导的单词或短语时，谓语的单复数和前面的主语的单复数保持一致。 The teacher along with his students is attending the lecture. The students together with their teacher are going to attend the exam. 就近/就远原则 就近原则 2.由not only...but also..., not...but..., neither...nor..., either...or..., or等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语的单复数和其靠近的主语的单复数保持一致。（there be 句式也是如此） Not only the students but also the teacher hasn’t come. Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music. Either you or I am to blame. There is a book and two pens on the desk. 就近/就远原则 A or B either A or B neither A nor B Not only A but also B not A but B Verb 谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致 There/here be +A and B 三. 就近一致(Proximity principle): 谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定 There ____________ (be ) two captains and a member in a team. Not only my parents but also I________ (be ) fond of the show. are am 四. 就远原则 : 谓语动词的人称和数由离他最远的主语决定 四个“和” with together with along with as well as 五个“除” but except besides apart from in addition 一个“包括” including 一个“不是 ” 谓语与最远的主语保持一致 rather than The son as well as his parents ____________(want) to watch the film . Everyone except you __________(clean) the classroom. wants cleans 主单谓单 主复谓复 意复用复 意单用单 be(there be) not(not only… but also; not A but B) or(A or B; either A or B; neither A nor B；whether A or B) 1. and连接的名词指不同人、物谓用复；同一人、物谓用单 2.不定式、动名词、不定代词、从句+ 谓单 2. each/either/neither +of结构+谓单 3. many a 和 more than one 等+名单+谓单 5.集体名词作主语：强调个人谓用复；强调整体谓用单 6.the + 形容词作主语指一类人谓语用复数 7.主语中有all ,a part ,half, most, the rest等, 以及“分数或百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其连用的名词. 8.表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词复数形式作主语作为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数. “和”(with; together with ; along with ; as well as ) “除”(but；except；besides；apart from；in addition) 包括——including 不是——rather than 24 4 principles 4原则 语法一致 意义一致 就近原则 就近原则 2025年 初升高衔接课程 专题十一 英语 谢谢 聆听 $$ 专题11 初升高衔接主谓一致 一、主谓一致的概念 主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致。简单来说，如果主语是单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式；如果主语是复数，谓语动词就要用复数形式 。这是英语语法中一个非常基础且重要的内容，在各种英语考试以及日常英语运用中都频繁涉及。例如：He is a student.（主语he是单数，谓语动词用is）；They are students.（主语they是复数，谓语动词用are ） 二、主谓一致的三条原则 （一）语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取第三人称单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。 1. 一般情况：可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ◦ 例句：The book is interesting.（book是可数名词单数，谓语动词用is） ◦ Water is important for our life.（water是不可数名词，谓语动词用is） ◦ These books are mine.（books是可数名词复数，谓语动词用are） 2. 当主语后面跟有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except等短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与这些短语前面的主语保持一致，不受这些短语的影响。 ◦ 例句：My father with my brothers has gone fishing.（本句中主语是My father，是单数，尽管后面有with my brothers这个短语，但谓语动词仍用has gone，保持单数形式 ） ◦ The teacher as well as the students is going to the park.（主语是The teacher，是单数，所以谓语动词用is going ） （二）意义一致原则 谓语动词的变化以主语所表达的单、复数概念而定，而不是仅仅看主语的形式。 1. 集体名词作主语： ◦ 有些集体名词，如family, team, class, group, audience, government等，当它们作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式；当它们指集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ◦ 例句：My family is a big family.（这里family作为一个整体，谓语动词用is） ◦ My family are all music lovers.（这里family指家庭成员，谓语动词用are） ◦ The team wins the game.（team作为一个整体赢得比赛，谓语动词用wins，单数形式 ） ◦ The team are having a rest.（team指团队里的成员在休息，谓语动词用are） ◦ 有些集体名词，如people, cattle, police等，形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语动词需用复数形式。 ◦ 例句：The people in the village are very friendly.（people表示复数意义，谓语动词用are） ◦ The cattle are eating grass on the farm.（cattle是复数意义，谓语动词用are） ◦ The police are looking for the lost child.（police表示复数意义，谓语动词用are） 2. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，如果把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调数量，谓语动词可用复数形式。 ◦ 例句：Five years is a long time.（把五年看作一个整体，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Twenty dollars is enough for this book.（把二十美元看作一个整体，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Two tons of coal are needed for winter.（这里强调两吨煤这个数量，谓语动词用are ） 3. 不定代词作主语： ◦ 不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。 ◦ 例句：Each boy and each girl has a new book.（虽然有and连接两个主语，但each修饰，谓语动词用has ） ◦ Every pen and every pencil is in the box.（谓语动词用is ） ◦ 不定代词either, neither, each, one, the other, another, someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ◦ 例句：Neither of them is right.（neither作主语，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Someone is waiting for you at the gate.（someone作主语，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Everything is ready for the party.（everything作主语，谓语动词用is ） ◦ none作主语时，如果指人或可数的物，表数目，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；如果指不可数名词，表量，谓语动词用单数。 ◦ 例句：None of the students have/has seen the film.（指学生，表数目，单复数皆可 ） ◦ None of the water is left.（指水，不可数名词，表量，谓语动词用is ） （三）就近一致原则（邻近原则） 谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定。常见的连接词有not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…, or等。 1. 例句：Not only you but also he is good at English.（靠近谓语动词的主语是he，所以谓语动词用is ） 2. Either you or I am going to the meeting.（靠近谓语动词的主语是I，所以谓语动词用am ） 3. Neither the students nor the teacher knows the answer.（靠近谓语动词的主语是the teacher，所以谓语动词用knows ） 三、主谓一致的各种情形 （一）并列结构作主语 1. and及both…and…类： ◦ 一般来说，两个单数主语用and连接，表示两个不同的人或物时，动词用复数。 ◦ 例句：A teacher and a student are in the classroom.（老师和学生是两个人，谓语动词用are ） ◦ Tom and Jerry are good friends.（Tom和Jerry是两个人，谓语动词用are ） ◦ 但如果两个并列的单数主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念，则动词须用单数。常见的and所连接的表示同一概念的短语有：the poet and writer（诗人兼作家，指同一个人） ；a knife and fork（一副刀叉，指同一事物） ；bread and butter（黄油面包，指同一概念）等。 ◦ 例句：The poet and writer is coming to give us a talk.（诗人兼作家是同一个人，谓语动词用is ） ◦ A knife and fork is on the table.（一副刀叉是同一事物，谓语动词用is ） 2. 在由not…but…, not only…but (also)…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…等连接的并列主语中，谓语动词的人称和数应该和邻近它的主语相一致，也就是遵循就近一致原则。 ◦ 例句：Not you but your father is to blame for the accident.（靠近谓语动词的主语是your father，所以谓语动词用is ） ◦ Either you or he has to clean the classroom today.（靠近谓语动词的主语是he，所以谓语动词用has ） （二）不定代词作主语 除了前面在意义一致原则中提到的不定代词作主语的情况外，还有一些特殊情况： 1. “neither/either of +复数名词或复数形式的代词”作主语，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。在正式文体中常用单数，在非正式文体中常用复数。 ◦ 例句：Neither of the books is/are interesting.（两种表达都可以，is更正式，are更口语化 ） ◦ Either of them has/have a chance to win.（has和have都正确 ） 2. “the other +基数词(+复数名词)”，“another +基数词(+复数名词)”，both等作主语谓语动词用复数。 ◦ 例句：The other two students are from Canada.（the other two students作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ Another three apples are needed.（another three apples作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ Both of them are good at math.（both作主语，谓语动词用are ） （三）形容词的名词化作主语 1. 有些形容词加上the（如the old, the blind, the living, the dead, the rich, the poor, the young, the deaf等）用来表示一类人时，其意义为复数，谓语动词需用复数形式。 ◦ 例句：The old are taken good care of in our society.（the old表示老年人这一类人，谓语动词用are ） ◦ The rich should help the poor.（the rich指富人，the poor指穷人，谓语动词都用should help ） 2. 表示一类物或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。 ◦ 例句：The new is sure to replace the old.（the new和the old分别表示新事物和旧事物，是抽象概念，谓语动词用is ） （四）复数形式、单数意义的名词作主语 1. 以-ics结尾的学科名称的名词作主语时，谓语用单数。如physics（物理）, mathematics（数学）, politics（政治）, economics（经济）, linguistics（语言学）等。 ◦ 例句：Physics is not an easy subject for some students.（physics作主语，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Mathematics is my favorite subject.（mathematics作主语，谓语动词用is ） ◦ 注意：以-ics结尾的表示学科名称的名词作主语时，若改变词义表示学科能力时，则用复数形式。例如：His mathematics are not so good.（这里mathematics表示数学能力，谓语动词用are ） 2. 专有名词如国名、人名、书名、组织机构等作主语，形式上虽然是复数，但谓语动词还是要用单数。例如：The United Nations was founded in 1945.（联合国作主语，谓语动词用was founded ） 3. 以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛等名词作主语，谓语动词常用复数形式。例如：The Himalayas are the highest mountains in the world.（喜马拉雅山脉作主语，谓语动词用are ） 4. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语，通常看作整体，谓语用单数。例如：Ten kilometers is a long distance for me to run.（ten kilometers看作一个整体，谓语动词用is ） （五）集体名词作主语 1. 谓语动词只能用复数的情况：有些集体名词，如people, cattle, police等形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语动词需用复数。例句前面已列举。 2. 谓语动词单复数皆可的情况：集体名词，如audience（观众）, army（军队）, class（班级）, crew（船员）, company（公司）, crowd（人群）, enemy（敌人）, family（家庭）, group（团，组）, government（政府）, public（公众）, population（人口）, team（队员）等作主语时，若视为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；若着眼于组成该集体的每个成员时，谓语动词则用复数。例句前面已列举。 3. 表示国家、人民的名词作主语的情况：有些以-sh，-ese，-ch结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与the连用时表示复数含义，谓语动词用复数。例如：The Chinese are hard - working and brave.（the Chinese表示中国人，谓语动词用are ） （六）含有修饰语的名词作主语 1. 含有量词的名词作主语： ◦ 量词修饰由两个对应部分组成的名词：一些由两个对应部分组成一体的复数名词，如trousers（裤子）, pants（短裤）, glasses（眼镜）, scissors（剪刀）等作主语，前面若无a pair of, a suit of, a set of, a series of等这类的单位词，通常视为复数，谓语动词用复数。若带有单位词，则由单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式。 ◦ 例句：These trousers are too long for me.（没有单位词，trousers作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ A pair of glasses is on the desk.（有a pair of这个单位词，且pair是单数，所以谓语动词用is ） ◦ Two pairs of scissors are needed for the art class.（有two pairs of这个单位词，且pairs是复数，所以谓语动词用are ） ◦ 特殊量词修饰普通名词：含有像pile（堆）, mountain（山）, row（排）, mass（很多）, cup（杯）, basket（篮）, box（箱）, pack（包）, packet（小包）等词修饰的短语作主语，谓语动词根据修饰语的单复数形式而定。 ◦ 例句：A pile of books is on the floor.（a pile是单数，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Two piles of books are on the floor.（two piles是复数，谓语动词用are ） ◦ a group of和a couple of修饰复数名词，谓语动词用复数。 ◦ 例句：A group of students are playing basketball on the playground.（a group of students作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ A couple of friends are coming to visit me.（a couple of friends作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ a number of，the number of短语修饰名词作主语：a number of意为“许多”，修饰可数名词复数时谓语一般也用复数；the number of意思为“……的数目”，作主语时，谓语用单数。 ◦ 例句：A number of students have gone to the library.（a number of students作主语，谓语动词用have gone ） ◦ The number of students in our class is 50.（the number of students作主语，谓语动词用is ） ◦ several等词或其修饰的名词作主语：只修饰可数名词的量词several, a few, quite a few, a great many (of…)作主语或其修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词都用复数形式。 ◦ 例句：Several students are absent today.（several students作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ A few apples are left in the basket.（a few apples作主语，谓语动词用are ） ◦ some等词或其修饰的名词作主语：some, plenty of, a lot (of), lots (of)等词既可修饰或指代可数名词，又可修饰或指代不可数名词，其谓语的形式应根据所修饰词而定。 ◦ 例句：Some water is in the bottle.（修饰不可数名词water，谓语动词用is ） ◦ Some students are cleaning the classroom.（修饰可数名词students，谓语动词用are ） ◦ There is plenty of milk in the fridge.（修饰不可数名词milk，谓语动词用is ） ◦ There are plenty of eggs in the basket.（修饰可数名词eggs，谓语动词用are ） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题11 初升高衔接主谓一致 一、单项选择 1. The teacher, along with the students, ______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 3. A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 4. When and where to build the new factory ______ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 5. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 6. ______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are 7. This is one of the most interesting questions that ______ asked. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been 8. Many a student ______ going to take part in CET-4 next month. A. is B. is to C. are D. was 9. The League secretary and monitor ______ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 10. Every possible means ______ been tried, and we find only ______ this means can we do it well. A. have; in B. have; by C. has; in D. has; by 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. The old ______ (be) taken good care of in our country. 2. Mary as well as her sisters ______ (study) Chinese in China now. 3. More than one student ______ (have) passed the examination. 4. A number of cars ______ (be) in the park. 5. The number of pages in this dictionary ______ (be) about two thousand. 6. Between the two rows of trees ______ (stand) the teaching building. 7. Neither you nor I ______ (be) wrong. 8. Either of the plans ______ (be) equally dangerous. 9. Tom is the only one of the students who ______ (be) from the country. 10. All work and no play ______ (make) Jack a dull boy. 三、句子改错（每句均有一处错误） 1. The writer and the teacher are delivering a speech now. 2. Each boy and each girl have a new book. 3. A pair of shoes are under the bed. 4. The number of students in our class are 50. 5. Large quantities of water has been polluted. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题11 初升高衔接主谓一致 一、单项选择 1. The teacher, along with the students, ______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 3. A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 4. When and where to build the new factory ______ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 5. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 6. ______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are 7. This is one of the most interesting questions that ______ asked. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been 8. Many a student ______ going to take part in CET-4 next month. A. is B. is to C. are D. was 9. The League secretary and monitor ______ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 10. Every possible means ______ been tried, and we find only ______ this means can we do it well. A. have; in B. have; by C. has; in D. has; by 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. The old ______ (be) taken good care of in our country. 2. Mary as well as her sisters ______ (study) Chinese in China now. 3. More than one student ______ (have) passed the examination. 4. A number of cars ______ (be) in the park. 5. The number of pages in this dictionary ______ (be) about two thousand. 6. Between the two rows of trees ______ (stand) the teaching building. 7. Neither you nor I ______ (be) wrong. 8. Either of the plans ______ (be) equally dangerous. 9. Tom is the only one of the students who ______ (be) from the country. 10. All work and no play ______ (make) Jack a dull boy. 三、句子改错（每句均有一处错误） 1. The writer and the teacher are delivering a speech now. 2. Each boy and each girl have a new book. 3. A pair of shoes are under the bed. 4. The number of students in our class are 50. 5. Large quantities of water has been polluted. 答案 一、单项选择 1. 答案：D ◦ 解析：第一个空，句子主语是The teacher，along with the students是附加成分，谓语动词应与teacher保持一致，用单数is；第二个空，Reading Skills是一本书名，谓语动词用单数was。 2. 答案：B ◦ 解析：not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则，与Jane and Mary保持一致，用复数are。 3. 答案：A ◦ 解析：句子主语是A library，with five thousand books是后置定语，谓语动词用单数is offered，且这里是被动语态。 4. 答案：A ◦ 解析：When and where to build the new factory作主语，看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数，且是被动含义“还没有被决定” ，所以用is not decided。 5. 答案：C ◦ 解析：the number of...作主语，谓语动词用单数was；a number of...作主语，谓语动词用复数were。 6. 答案：C ◦ 解析：分数表达中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s，所以“五分之二”是Two fifths；land是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数is。 7. 答案：C ◦ 解析：先行词是questions，复数，关系代词that在从句中作主语，所以从句谓语动词用复数形式，且是被动语态“被问”，用have been。 8. 答案：A ◦ 解析：many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，根据next month可知用一般将来时的is going to结构，这里用is。 9. 答案：B ◦ 解析：The League secretary and monitor指同一个人，谓语动词用单数，这里用一般过去时was。 10. 答案：D ◦ 解析：means（方式，方法）单复数同形，这里有every修饰，看作单数，谓语动词用has；by this means是固定短语“通过这种方式”。 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. 答案：are ◦ 解析：“the + 形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数，the old指老年人，所以用are。 2. 答案：studies ◦ 解析：as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，Mary是单数，所以用studies。 3. 答案：has ◦ 解析：more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用has。 4. 答案：are ◦ 解析：a number of + 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，所以用are。 5. 答案：is ◦ 解析：the number of...作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。 6. 答案：stands ◦ 解析：这是一个倒装句，主语是the teaching building，谓语动词用单数stands。 7. 答案：am ◦ 解析：neither...nor...连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则，与I保持一致，用am。 8. 答案：is ◦ 解析：either of + 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用is。 9. 答案：is ◦ 解析：先行词被the only one of修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数，所以用is。 10. 答案：makes ◦ 解析：All work and no play是一个整体概念，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用makes。 三、句子改错 1. 答案：去掉第二个the；are改为is ◦ 解析：The writer and teacher指同一个人“这位作家兼老师” ，谓语动词用单数is。 2. 答案：have改为has ◦ 解析：each...and each...结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用has。 3. 答案：are改为is ◦ 解析：a pair of shoes作主语，谓语动词与pair保持一致，pair是单数，所以用is。 4. 答案：are改为is ◦ 解析：the number of...作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。 5. 答案：has改为have ◦ 解析：large quantities of + 名词作主语，谓语动词与quantities保持一致，用复数have。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$