UNIT 3 Section 4 Using Language-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册五维课堂同步Word教案（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress & Video Time HEALTHY EATING There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet.For example，scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food.However，there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food，as it is sugar　 [1]．Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans.And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day(Journal of the American Medical Association,2014)．This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.Put more simply，while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer. [1]画线部分中的that引导同位语从句，解释说明increasing evidence；as it is是一种语言衔接结构，意为“事实上，实际情况是”，多用来陈述一种原因或状况，尤其是当该原因或状况与预期或需要不相符时。 Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks.The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone.The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100—150 calories a day from sugar，which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar　 [2]．In other words，if you want to be healthy，you have to cut down on desserts，and cut out sweet drinks altogether. [2]画线部分是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰less than 100—150 calories；定语从句中又包含一个what引导的宾语从句。 Beyond this，you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods，especially fruit and vegetables，which are full of vitamins and fibre，rather than processed foods.Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients.Besides this，it is also important to have some meat，beans，or dairy products in your diet，as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.As with everything in life，moderation is key.The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing. Finally，a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly.It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full.　 [3]What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.　 [4]Eating slowly also allows your body to digest your food better，and will allow you to enjoy your food more.In addition，studies show that consistent eating habits，for example，taking three meals a day at the same time each day，are better for our health.It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time，rather than to eat a lot in one meal，and then a little in the next. [3]画线部分属于“It takes some time for sb./sth.to do...”句型，意为“做……花费某人/某物多长时间”。you start eating为省略关系词when的定语从句，修饰先行词the time。 [4]本句中what引导主语从句，what在从句中作宾语；that people...feel hungry是that 引导的表语从句，表语从句中又包含一个who引导的定语从句(修饰先行词people)和because引导的原因状语从句。 There is no one trick to healthy eating.Rather，healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food.One question you can ask yourself is，“Do I eat to live，or live to eat？”If you are using food mostly for nutrition，then you are on the right track with your diet.However，if food has become the centre of your life，you might be on the road to bad health.It is up to you to decide how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet.,健康的饮食 现在关于健康饮食由什么构成有很多争论。比如，科学家多年来一直坚持说健康的一大敌人是高脂食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而实际上是糖。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，通过糖摄入25%或更多日需卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是每天摄入不到10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014)。无论他们其他方面的饮食多么健康，都确实如此。更简单地说，当人们还在持续争论高脂食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖才是杀手。 这些额外的糖大多来自甜食和含糖饮料。一个普通美国人仅通过含糖饮料就能摄入三分之一的糖。美国心脏协会建议，我们应当将每日从糖中摄取的热量控制在100－150卡路里以内，这些热量还没有一罐含糖饮料或一根糖棒通常所含的热量多。换言之，如果你想健康，你就必须减少甜点的摄入，并且完全不喝含糖饮料。 除此之外，你可以通过食用不同种类的新鲜食物来保持健康，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而非加工食品。加工食品通常营养含量较少，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。此外，在你的饮食中加入一些肉类、豆类或乳制品也很重要，因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所必需的蛋白质。和生活中的每件事一样，适度是关键。理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西都不会吃得太多或太少。 最后，健康饮食的一个根本要点是细嚼慢咽。从你开始吃东西的那一刻起，你的大脑需要大约20分钟来告诉身体你吃饱了。这意味着，咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。细嚼慢咽也能让你的身体更好地消化食物，让你更享受食物。另外，研究表明，始终如一的饮食习惯，例如，每天在相同的时间吃三餐，对我们的健康更有益。而且每餐最好都吃适量的食物，而不是一顿饭吃很多，而下一顿饭只吃一点。 健康饮食没有诀窍。更确切地讲，健康饮食始于对食物的健康态度。你可以问自己一个问题：“我是为了生存而吃，还是为了吃而生存？”如果你吃饭主要是为了汲取营养，那么你已经在饮食方面走对了路子。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的中心，你就可能会走上健康不良的道路。你要决定你想如何生活，并在饮食方面作出正确的决定。 [重点单词] 1．　calorie　 n．卡路里 2．　association　 n．协会；关联 3．　category　 n．类别；种类 4．　fibre　 n．纤维；纤维制品 5．　quantity　 n．数量；数额 6．　ideal　 adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 7．　fundamental　 adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则 8．　chew　 vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 9．　consistent　 adj.一致的；连续的 10．　modest　 adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 11．　trick　 n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 12．　overall　 adj.总体上，大致上 adj.全面的；综合的 [重点短语] 1．make 　up　 组成，构成 2．be 　likely　 to do...有可能做…… 3．regardless 　of　 不管，不顾 4．put more 　simply　 更简单地说 5．limit...　to　 ...把……限制到……(程度) 6．in 　other　 words换句话说 7．cut down 　on　 缩减…… 8．rather 　than　 而不是 9．quantities 　of　 大量的…… 10．end 　up　 doing 结果是…… 11．be 　up_to　 sb.to do...由……决定做…… [重点句式] 1．Besides this，it is also important to have some meat... [句式分析]　It＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.做某事是…… 试译：　除此之外，(在饮食中)摄入一些肉类也很重要。　 2．It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. [句试分析]　It takes some time for sb./sth.to do...做……花费某人/某物多长时间 试译：　从你开始吃东西的那一刻起，你的大脑需要大约20分钟才告诉身体你吃饱了。　 [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P32)There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. 现在关于健康饮食由什么构成有很多争论。 (1)as to至于，关于(用于转移话题) ◆[佳句感知] (1)As to that technical problem，I will deal with it in detail later. 至于那个技术问题，我以后再详细处理。 (2)They have not decided yet as to who will be in charge of the project. 关于谁将负责这项工程，他们还没有决定。 (3)He asked for my advice as to what to do next. 关于接下来要做什么，他征求了我的意见。 [归纳拓展]　as for 至于，关于(用于转移话题) as to 可跟从句或“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①我们把它定在下周六吧。至于我们野餐的地点，由你来决定。 Let's make it next Saturday.　As_for/to_the_place　 for our picnic，it's up to you. ②弗兰克实在拿不准工作是不是适合他。 Frank was very uncertain 　as_to_whether_the_job_was_suitable_for_him　. (2)make up组成，构成；编造；补上；化妆 ◆[佳句感知] (1)Ten doctors make up the medical team. 十名医生组成了这支医疗队。 (2)The medical team is made up of/consists of ten doctors. 这支医疗队由十名医生组成。 (3)I couldn't think of a story to tell the children，so I made one up. 我想不出有什么故事可给孩子讲了，所以我只好编了一个。 (4)The boy is working hard to make up for the lost time. 那个男孩正在努力学习以弥补失去的时间。 [归纳拓展]　make 构成的其他短语： make out辩论清楚；理解 make the most of充分利用 make room for...为……腾地方 make sense讲得通；合乎情理 make it 获得成功 make up one's mind下定决心 make use of...利用…… ◆[即学即练] [用make的相关短语完成句子] ③The teacher suggested that every minute should 　be_made_use_of/be_made_the_most_of　 to improve our spoken English. ④Since Tom is good at 　making_up　 stories，I think he will be a good novelist in the future. ⑤Kate heard a man's voice in the background，but she couldn't 　make_out　 what he was saying. 2．(教材P32)And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day(Journal of the American Medical Association,2014)． 在美国，通过糖摄入25%或更多日需卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是每天摄入不到10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014)。 association n．[C]协会，社团；[U]联合，合伙，交往；联想，联系 ◆[佳句感知] (1)The support of members is of great importance to our association. 会员们的支持对于我们协会来说非常重要。 (2)We are working in association with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless. 我们正与本地的一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。 [归纳拓展]　in association with...与……合伙/联合 associate vt.联想，联系；vi.交往，(尤指)混在一起　n．[C]伙伴，同事　adj.(常用于头衔)非正式的，准的，副的 associate...with...把……和……联系/联想在一起 associate with sb.与某人交往(尤指混在一起) associated adj.有联系的；相关的，有关联的 associated with...与……有联系/相关联 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①I，representing our university's student 　association　 (associate)，went to the Beijing Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students. ②Nuts are rich in a kind of mineral 　associated　 (associate)with high­quality sleep. ③The book was published in 　association　 (associate)with the People's Education Press. ④The Chinese traditionally wear something red on New Year's Day，as the color is associated 　with　 happiness. ⑤When talking about China，people often associate it 　with　 the Yellow River. 3．(教材P32)This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. 无论他们其他方面的饮食多么健康，都确实如此。 regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”，为介词短语，在句中作状语 ◆[佳句感知] (1)He always does what he wants，regardless of what we say to him. 他总是我行我素，根本不听我们对他说的话。 (2)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，gender or educational background. 我们俱乐部对所有人开放，不论年龄、性别或教育背景。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] 如果他每天都在那儿努力比赛，你应该表扬他的努力，不管他的球队是赢是输。 If he's out there every day and playing hard，you should praise his effort 　regardless_of_whether_his_team_wins_or_loses　 . 4．(教材P32)In other words，if you want to be healthy，you have to cut down on desserts，and cut out sweet drinks altogether. 换言之，如果你想健康，你就必须减少甜点的摄入，并且完全不喝含糖饮料。 cut down削减，缩小(数量、数目或尺寸)；砍倒 ◆[佳句感知] (1)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut down. 我叔叔还未能戒烟，但至少他已经少抽了。 (2)With more and more forests cut down，some animals are facing the danger of dying out. 随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。 [归纳拓展]　cut down on...减少/缩减 cut out停止做(或使用、食用)；裁剪；删去 cut off中断(电话通话)；停止，中断(供给) cut in插嘴，打断(谈话) ◆[即学即练] [用cut的相关短语完成句子] ①Experts think the amount of homework for the students should be 　cut_down　 .Besides，teachers should encourage their students to make good use of their spare time. ②The water supply has been 　cut_off　 temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. ③It is impolite to 　cut_in　 when other people are talking. ④Deserts are also created because people 　cut_down　 trees and dig up grass. 5．(教材P32)Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients. 加工食品通常营养含量较少，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。 quantity n．[C，U]数量，数额，数目；大量；[U]量 ◆[佳句感知] (1)We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night. 那天晚上我们大吃大喝了一顿。 (2)A large quantity of books are stored in the library near the playground. 大量的书被保存在操场附近的图书馆里。 (3)Large quantities of water are needed to water the fields in this area. 这个地区需要大量的水来灌溉田地。 (4)They are now developing ways to produce the vaccine in large quantities and cheaply. 目前他们正在研究大批量低成本生产这种疫苗的方法。 [归纳拓展] in large quantities/in quantity大量地 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①In the picture we can see that there 　are　 quantities of apples in the basket and there 　is　 a large quantity of milk in the bucket.(be) [完成句子] ②若是你大量订购的话，我认为有可能会打折。 If you order it 　in_quantity或in_large_quantities　，I think a discount will be possible. 6．(教材P33)If you have bad eating habits，make a list of things you can do to get rid of them. 如果你有不良的饮食习惯，列一张清单，列出你为摆脱它们能做的事情。 get rid of 意为“摆脱，丢弃，扔掉”。 ◆[佳句感知] (1)Getting rid of garbage is a big problem in many cities. 在很多城市，清理垃圾是一个大问题。 (2)You are supposed to get rid of carelessness，for it often leads to terrible errors. 你们应当改掉粗枝大叶的毛病，因为它常常酿成严重的错误。 [归纳拓展]　be rid of摆脱 rid oneself of摆脱，从……中解脱 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①你有帮助他摆脱这个坏习惯的可能的方法吗？ Do you have any possible ways to help him 　(to)be/get_rid_of　 such a bad habit? ②他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。 He wanted to 　rid_himself_of　 the burden of the secret. [句式精析] 1．(教材P32)Besides this，it is also important to have some meat，beans，or dairy products in your diet，as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. 除此之外，在你的饮食中摄入一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也很重要，因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所必需的蛋白质。 [句式分析]　本句中it为形式主语，而后面的不定式短语to have some meat，beans，or dairy products in your diet是真正的主语。 ◆[佳句感知] (1)It is cheap enough to buy the dictionary. 这本词典很便宜，能买得起。 (2)It is very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. 对于孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。 (3)It is clever of you to work out the maths problem. 你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 [归纳拓展] (1)在句型“It＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.”中，不定式前可以加上逻辑主语。 (2)It＋be＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.句型中，作表语的形容词说明不定式行为的性质和特点，常见的有easy，difficult，important，necessary，possible等。 (3)It＋be＋adj.＋of sb.to do sth.句型中，作表语的形容词说明不定式的逻辑主语的性格和品行，常见的有kind，nice，good，polite，rude，wise等。 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①It is necessary 　for　 you to know about the Yangtze River，the mother river of Chinese civilisation. ②It is careless 　of　 you to make lots of mistakes. ③I think 　it　 necessary for you to make an apology to your mother. 2．(教材P32)It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. 从你开始吃东西的那一刻起，你的大脑需要大约20分钟来告诉身体你吃饱了。 [句式分析] ◆[佳句感知] (1)It took three hours for her to mend her bicycle.(＝It took her three hours to mend her bicycle.) 她花了三个小时修理自行车。 (2)It'll take a long time for her to recover from the illness.(＝It'll take her a long time to recover from the illness.) 她的病需要很长时间才能痊愈。 [归纳拓展] (1)这一句型表示“做……花费某人/某物多长时间”，此句型中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，动词take在本句型中意为“需要……时间，费时”。 (2)此句型也可转换为：It takes sb./sth.some time to do sth [辨析比较]　take/spend/cost/pay 易混词 宾语 常用句型 take 时间 It takes(sb./sth.)some time to do sth. It takes some time(for sb./sth)．to do sth. Sth.takes(sb./sth.)some time. spend 时间、金钱 Sb.spends some time(in)doing sth. Sb.spends some money(on)doing sth. Sb.spends some time/money on sth. cost 金钱 Sth.costs(sb.)some money. It costs some money to do sth. pay 金钱 Sb.pays(sb.)some money for sth. (1)The book cost him 10 yuan.＝He spent 10 yuan on the book.＝He paid 10 yuan for the book. 他花了十元钱买这本书。 (2)He spent 2 hours(in)reading the book.＝It took him 2 hours to read the book. 他花了两个小时读这本书。 ◆[即学即练] [选词填空：take/spend/cost/pay] ①—That must have been a long trip. —Yeah，it 　took　 us a whole week to get there. ②The recorder 　cost　 him 500 yuan.But I didn't think it was worth that much. ③She 　spent　 many hours on a single cup of coffee in a warm cafe because she had no money to 　pay　 for the heating at home. [单句写作] ④我花了一个小时做家庭作业。(take) It_took_me_an_hour_to_do_the_homework.或It_took_an_hour_for_me_to_do the_homework.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$