UNIT 3 SECTION 2 LESSON 1-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂Word课时作业（北师大版2019）

[基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．We ought to ensure something that restores [(使) 恢复] our lost energy and cheers us up. 2．He gathered a huge mass (大量的) of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. 3．She is popular with her students as her teaching methods are unusual (不平常的)． 4．Another disadvantage of the Internet was that it was affecting (影响) people's private lives. 5．Chicks are hatched [(使)孵化] from the eggs. 6．They have invented a new car, which is powered by solar [太阳光(能)的] batteries. 7．This is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species (物种)． 8．Businessmen feel worried that growing cost will decrease (减少) their share of the market. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．A varied (vary) and ancient food culture should be famous worldwide. 2．The glass appears to reflect light naturally (natural)． 3．We can't afford to overlook such serious pollution (pollute) to the environment. 4．On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap negatively (negative)． 5．This rare bird has become an endangered (endanger) species. 6．Every mother has affection (affect) for her children. 7．They demanded the restoration (restore) of all their lost lands. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．We can't achieve the goal without your help. 没有你的帮助，我们就不能实现目标。 2．We don't find the book by association. That is, we don't find the book by referring to its contents. 我们不是通过关联来找书，也就是说，我们不会通过其内容来查找。 3．That is a beautiful campus where I made my dreams come true . 那就是成就我梦想的美丽校园。 4．He has found a good job for which he is qualified . 他已经找到了他所胜任的一份好工作。 5．The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “impossible”． 凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能”的。 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 In the last 500 million years, there have been five times 1. when life on Earth has almost ended. Many 2. scientists (scientist) say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction.There is 3. a long list of reasons why so many species 4. are dying (die) out. This time, human activity will be 5. to blame (blame) because human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times 6. faster (fast) than normal and has 7. negatively (negative) affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants. If a sixth mass extinction 8. occurs (occur), we would also be 9. at risk of dying out as our world and our lives depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants. In order to avoid the sixth extinction, we need to take steps to stop 10. destroying (destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It was a still African evening and Shirley Strum was writing down observations as she watched the behaviour of one of her favourite baboons(狒狒), Naomi.Suddenly，Shirley felt small hands softly touching her back.Surprised and puzzled，she slowly turned her head and saw it was Robin，Naomi's two­ year­old offspring(后代)．Ms Strum was thrilled，for she knew that such comforting gestures were the baboons' way of establishing and keeping their relationships with one another.It seemed that the group of baboons had come to accept and trust her. The group of monkeys in Kenya was known as the“Pumphouse Gang”．Of course，it was not really a gang，but one of nine troops of baboons totaling about eight hundred animals.They live around Lake Elmenteita，famous for its flamingos and pelicans.This particular group had been given its name because it was often seen near a water­pumping station. Probably the most significant conclusion she reached from her research was that the stable core of baboon troops isn't the powerful adult males，as had been originally thought，but is the family groups of mothers and their offspring.Strum discovered that adult males move from group to group，changing their friendships frequently，but the females' relationships remain unchanging. Baboons，the largest monkeys on the African continent，are also the most adaptable.This adaptability is particularly noticeable in their diet.The“Pumphouse Gang”had a very diverse diet，which enabled them to survive bad times when other wildlife in the area died.Baboons eat grass.But since they have to compete with other animals for this food，they add seeds，roots and flowers in their diet.They also enjoy insects and are not averse to a good piece of meat now and then. Strum says she did not have a single boring moment during her sixteen months studying the baboons.She believes that many old views about these monkeys need to be changed.By continuing our observations of nonhuman monkey behaviour，Strum thinks we can gain a better understanding of ourselves, of what we share with other monkeys，and of what is uniquely ours. [语篇解读]　本文详细介绍了Shirley Strum对狒狒的最新研究成果，修正了某些以前对狒狒的错误认识。 1．What indicated that Shirley Strum was acknowledged by the baboons? A．She could get close to observe their behaviour freely. B．Robin put the small hands gently on her back from behind. C．Naomi and Robin frequently played games with her at night. D．Naomi helped her to write down observations with performance. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第一段可知，有天晚上，Shirley Strum在记录Naomi的行为，Robin轻轻地把双手从后面放到她的背上，这对狒狒来说是一种建立和保持友好关系的举止。所以Shirley认为，她似乎得到了狒狒们的认可。] 2．Why was the group of monkeys in Kenya named“Pumphouse Gang”？ A．Because they fed on flamingos and pelicans. B．Because they lived near a water­pumping station. C．Because they consisted of nine troops of baboons. D．Because they were made up of eight hundred animals. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知答案。] 3．What does Shirley Strum approve of? A．The offspring of baboons know their mother but not their father. B．The core of a group of baboons tends to be the strongest adult male. C．Baboons have to eat other dead animals to live through difficult times. D．Baboons are the largest and strongest animals on the African continent. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，雄性的成年狒狒常常从一群去到另外一群，更换伴侣，而雌性的却保持与后代的稳定关系。这就相当于人类的走婚。可见其后代只认识母亲而不认识父亲。] 4．What's the probable meaning of the underlined word“averse”in Paragraph 4? A．Devoted.　　　　　 B．Accustomed. C．Addicted. D．Opposed. 解析：D　[词义猜测题。本段谈到为了度过困难时期，狒狒的饮食是多样化的。根据本段中的“Baboons eat grass.”可知，它们是食草动物，本段列举了很多草类食物。最后一句中的also表明，除了这些草类食物之外，为了活命，狒狒们也不排斥偶尔吃点肉类。也就是说狒狒并不是对肉类食物视而不见。] B Blood Falls is at the tip of a giant glacier in Antarctica. As its name suggests, the icy face of Blood Falls is red—but not from blood.Instead，the water gets its color because it's rich in iron. When the water comes out from its underground beginning, the iron is exposed to the air and quickly forms the red rust. A scientist recently studied the rusty water and came up with some surprising results. The water that feeds Blood Falls probably comes from a salty underground lake. It's home to microbes that surprisingly don't need oxygen to survive. “This salty lake is a sort of time capsule，”said Jill Mikucki, who led the study. When she and her team studied the water, they found no oxygen but lots of iron. They suspected that the underwater lake formed when a giant glacier, now 1,300 feet thick, moved over the salty lake at least 1.5 million years ago. This trapped the water and everything in it in an oxygen­free environment. Unlike human beings and most other forms of life, the microbes from Blood Falls don't need oxygen to live. Instead, they are able to exist using the iron. The study gives us more information about our own planet. It may be useful in other scientific areas—like the search for life on other planets. If scientists find living things on the Earth that live on iron instead of oxygen, researchers might have a better idea of where to look for life elsewhere. 5．For what does Blood Falls get the name? A．It is rich in oxygen. B．It reflects its red surroundings. C．Its water rich in iron is red. D．It is composed of blood. 6．What probably made Jill Mikucki most surprised? A．The color of Blood Falls. B．The movement of a giant glacier. C．The discovery of a salty underground lake. D．Microbes that don't need oxygen to survive. 7．What do the microbes from Blood Falls live on? A．Iron.　　　　　　 B．Water. C．Air. D．Oxygen. 8．Why did Jill Mikucki believe this salty lake is a sort of time capsule? A．Because it was formed by a giant glacier. B．Because it was home to special microbes. C．Because it could be used to study life on other planets. D．Because it was formed more than 1.5 million years ago. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。科学家在南极洲发现了神奇的、富含铁元素的“血瀑布”，此次发现提供给我们许多有关地球的信息，这对生命的研究也许具有划时代的意义。 5．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Instead，the water gets its color because it's rich in iron.When the water comes out from its underground beginning，the iron is exposed to the air and quickly forms the red rust.”可推测，“血瀑布”之所以有此名是因为水里富含铁元素，而铁暴露在空气中，很快就会形成红色的铁锈。故选C。] 6．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's home to microbes that surprisingly don't need oxygen to survive.”可知，这些微生物不需要氧气就能生存，这一点令她感到惊讶。故选D。] 7．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Instead，they are able to exist using the iron.”可知，这些微生物依靠铁元素生存。故选A。] 8．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They suspected that the underwater lake formed when a giant glacier, now 1,300 feet thick，moved over the salty lake at least 1.5 million years ago.”可知，她的团队觉得那个咸水湖形成于至少150万年前，所以她认为它有点像时间胶囊。故选D。] Ⅱ.七选五 Floods are one of the most common disasters in the United States. However, all floods are not alike. Some floods develop slowly, sometimes over a period of days. But flash floods can develop quickly, sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain. ____1____ It carries rocks and mud and can sweep away most things in its path. Overland flooding occurs outside a river but still can be harmful. Flooding can also occur when a dam breaks, producing effects similar to those of flash floods. 1．If a flood is likely to occur in your area, you should： Listen to the radio for information. If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move immediately to the higher ground. ____2____ 2. If you have time to prepare, you should： Make your home safe by bringing in outdoor furniture. Move essential items to an upper floor. ____3____ Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water. 3．If you have to leave your home right away, remember these tips： ·Do not walk through moving water. ____4____ If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you. · ____5____ If flood water rises around your car, give up the car and move to the higher ground if you can do so safely. Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away. A．Do not drive into flooded areas. B．Do not wait for instructions to move. C．Turn off all pieces of electrical equipment. D．Floods can cause death and loss of treasures. E．Six inches of moving water can make you fall. F．Mud left from flood water can contain chemicals. G．Flash floods often have a dangerous wall of roaring water. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了洪水来临时我们要采取的自救方法。 1．G　[细节句。由空前的“But flash floods can develop quickly，sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain.”可知，暴洪具有迅速性与不可预防性，空后的“It carries rocks and mud and can sweep away most things in its path.”介绍了暴洪的威力，所以设空处也应该是介绍暴洪，故G项符合语境。] 2．B　[细节句。由空前的“move immediately to the higher ground”可知，此处指在洪水来临时要及时转移到较高的地方，强调及时性，所以B项符合语境。] 3．C　[细节句。由空后的“Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.”可知此处在说有关电器的注意事项，C项与下文连接紧密，其中的electrical equipment属于原词复现。故选C项。] 4．E　[细节句。由前面的“Do not walk through moving water.”可知，走在流动的水里是很危险的，E项承接上文，是对空前的句子的解释，其中moving water是原词复现。故选E项。] 5．A　[主旨句。由后面的句子“If flood water rises around your car，give up the car and move to the higher ground”可知，开车遇到洪水时需要弃车。A项是祈使句，和上文形式一致，且A项中的drive与下文中的car相呼应，故选A项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Hawaii possesses the unique scenery of islands, but pollution takes away all the 1. ________ (beautiful) of the beaches here. I hate to go to the beaches on sunny weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(烟头) 2. ________ (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean. 3. ________ really annoys me is that I see tourists who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda 4. ________ (throw) the can into the place 5. ________ it should stay — the trash can. It's also 6. ________ (annoy) that some people walk right by rubbish and pretend that it's not there. The dogs or the fish are not to blame for it. It's our fault and we must blame 7. ________ (we). Everyone has to do his or her part to solve this problem. It can 8. ________ (hard) be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick 9. ________ rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More importantly, we need to start now 10. ________ the beaches are damaged beyond repair. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。夏威夷拥有独特的岛屿风光，但污染夺走了这里所有海滩的美丽。文章讲述了夏威夷的污染情况以及所要采取的措施。 1．beauty　[考查词性转换。根据空前的the及空后的of可知，此处应用名词。故填beauty。] 2．buried　[考查非谓语动词。固定结构：see＋宾语＋宾语补足语。此处宾语cigarette butts和bury之间是一种动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填buried。] 3．What　[考查主语从句。此处是主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，应用what引导，指代“真正让我恼火的事情”。又因为该单词位于句首，故填What。] 4．to throw　[考查非谓语动词。be taught to do sth.“被教导做某事”。故填to throw。] 5．where　[考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。] 6．annoying　[考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处描述的是“令人心烦的事情”，应使用­ing结尾的形容词。故填annoying。] 7．ourselves　[考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指“责备我们自己”。故填ourselves。] 8．hardly　[考查词性转换。根据句意，此处应用副词。故填hardly。] 9．up　[考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是短语pick up“捡起”。故填up。] 10．before　[考查状语从句。根据设空前后的逻辑关系可知，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填before。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$