UNIT 1 SECTION 3 GRAMMAR-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂Word课时作业（北师大版2019）

[基础性] Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．While online shopping has changed (change) our life，not all of its effects have been positive. 2．Silk had become (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．I have read (read) half of the English novel，and I'll try to finish it at the weekend. 4．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I hadn't seen (not，see)for years. 5．Just as I got to the school gate，I realised I had left (leave) my book in the cafe. 6．During his stay in Xi'an，Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends had recommended (recommend)． 7．－Haven't seen you for ages！Where have you been? －I went to Ningxia and stayed (stay)there for one year，teaching as a volunteer. 8．The twins，who had finished (finish)their homework，were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 9．I'm calling about the apartment you advertised (advertise)the other day.Could you tell me more about it? 10．On Monday mornings it usually takes (take)me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. [应用性] Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Months ago，we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea and we met no storms (没有遇到风暴)． 2．It won't be long before such a thing happens again (再次发生)． 3．We congratulated them on the success they had achieved (他们获得的)． 4．By the end of last year，he had treated 3,000 patients (治疗了3000个病人)． 5．Linda lost her passport again.It was the second time that it had occurred (发生)． 6．So far all cloned animals have suffered from (受到了) some different serious disorders. 7．If it rains tomorrow (明天下雨)，we'll put off the sports meeting. 8．Teenagers are damaging their health (在损害他们的健康)because they play computer games too much. 9．Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits (要求参观者不可触摸展品)． 10．The new railway had been built (被建好)by the end of last year. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A famous doctor Lord Robert Winston took a train from London to Manchester, and he found himself becoming angry.A woman picked up her phone and began a loud conversation, which lasted an unbelievable hour. Furious，Winston took pictures of the woman and post them on the social media. As the train arrived at its destination, Winston had had enough of the woman's rudeness. Meanwhile the press were waiting for her on the platform. And when they deliberately showed her the message, she used just one word to describe Winston's actions: rude. The story of Winston is something of a microcosm (缩影) of our age of increasing rudeness fueled by the social media. What can we do to fix this? Studies have shown that rudeness spreads quickly and virally, almost like the common cold. Once infected，we are more aggressive，less creative and worse at our jobs. The only way to end this is to make a conscious decision to deal with it.We must have the courage to point it out, face to face. We must say, “Just stop.”For Winston, that would have meant approaching the woman, telling her that her conversation was disturbing other passengers and politely asking her to speak more quietly or make the call at another time. The anger and injustice we feel at the rude behaviour of a stranger can drive us to do odd things. In my own research, I surveyed 2,000 adults, and discovered that the acts of revenge people had taken ranged from the ridiculous to the disturbing.Winston put the spotlight on the woman's behaviour—but in a way that shamed her. We must fight with rudeness directly. When we see it occur in a store, we must step up and say something. We must defend strangers in the same way we'd defend our best friends. But we can do it with grace, by handling it without any trace of aggression and without being rude ourselves. Because once rude people can see their actions through the eyes of others, they are far more likely to end that rude behaviour themselves. 1．Why did the woman use the word “rude” to describe Winston's actions? A．He said rude words to the woman. B．He lost his temper due to other people's rudeness. C．He behaved improperly and spoke loudly on the train. D．He pointed out the woman's rude behaviour in a wrong way. 2．What is the function of Paragraph 3? A．To draw a conclusion from the above story. B．To form a connecting link between the previous and the following. C．To tell us the ways to deal with rudeness. D．To show us the positive and negative effects of the social media. 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．We can deal with rudeness in an indirect way. B．Rudeness and manners can hardly coexist in a civilized society. C．Both strangers and acquaintances deserve our friendly warning. D．Rude people can't see their rudeness through others' eyes. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Don't Ignore Online Rudeness B．Civilization Calls for Civility C．How to Handle Rudeness Spread Online D．Rude Behaviour Makes a Rude Society [语篇解读]　本文以Winston医生的故事为例，对我们该如何应对粗鲁行为提出了建议。 1．D　[考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Furious，Winston took pictures of the woman and post them on the social media”可推知，这位女士用“rude”一词来形容Winston，是因为他用了一种错误的方式来指出这位女士的无礼行为。故选D项。] 2．B　[考查推理判断。本文前两段讲述了Winston医生的故事，从第四段开始介绍了有关粗鲁行为的研究并提出了应对粗鲁行为的建议。根据第三段中的“The story of Winston”和“What can we do to fix this？”可推知，第三段在文中起到承上启下的作用。故选B项。] 3．C　[考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“We must defend strangers in the same way we'd defend our best friends.But we can do it with grace，by handling it without any trace of aggression and without being rude ourselves.”可知，作者认为无论是陌生人还是熟人，我们都应给予友好的警告。故选C项。] 4．B　[考查主旨大意。本文以Winston医生的故事为例，对我们应该如何应对粗鲁行为提出了建议。根据文章内容可知，B选项“文明社会需要礼貌”符合文意。] B Many people spend more than four hours per day on WeChat, and it is redefining the word “friend”. Does friending someone on social networking sites make him or her your friend in real life? Robin Dunbar, a professor at Oxford University, found that only 15 of the 150 Facebook friends the average user has, could be counted as actual friends and only five as close friends. WeChat may show a similar pattern. Those with whom you attended a course together, applied for the same part­time job, went to a party and intended to cooperate but failed to take up most of your WeChat friends. In chat records, the only message may be a system notice, “You have accepted somebody's friend request.” Sometimes when seeing some photos shared on WeChat Moments, you even need several minutes to think about when you became friends. Also, you may be disturbed by mass messages (群发信息) sent from your unfamiliar “friends”， including requests for voting for their children or friends, links from pinduoduo. com (a Chinese e­commerce platform that allows users to buy items at lower prices if they purchase them in groups) and cookie­cutter (千篇一律的) blessings during holidays. You would have thought about deleting this type of “friends” and sorting out your connections. But actually you did not do that as you were taught that social networking is valuable to one's success. Besides, it would be really awkward if they found that you had unfriended them already. Then，you keep increasing your “friends” on social media and click “like” on some pictures that you are not really interested in. But the fact is that deep emotional connections do not come with the increasing number of your friends on social media. If the number of your friends reaches 150, maintaining these relationships can be tough to you, and sometimes even will make you anxious. According to Robin Dunbar, 150 is the limit on the number of people with whom one can maintain stable social relationships. 5．What can we learn from Robin Dunbar's finding in Paragraph 2? A．A Facebook user has 250 friends on average. B．Most of the social media friends can be actual friends. C．Among our social media friends, only a few people matter. D．Only 15 people of a person's Facebook friends can be close friends. 6．What does the third paragraph tell us about most of your WeChat friends? A．You have deep communication with them. B．You benefit a lot from their mass messages. C．You just have a nodding acquaintance with them. D．You become friends with them on important occasions. 7．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Removing unfamiliar friends on WeChat. B．Strengthening ties with your WeChat friends. C．Keeping increasing your friends on social media. D．Clicking “like” on pictures posted by your friends. 8．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．We will be anxious if we make friends online. B．We should avoid making any friends on social media. C．We should make as many friends as possible on social media. D．We have difficulty managing relationships with over 150 people. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章就“在社交媒体上与某人成为好友会让他/她成为你现实生活中的朋友吗？”进行了论述。 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“only 15 of the 150 Facebook friends the average user has，could be counted as actual friends and only five as close friends”可知，在我们的社交网络朋友中，只有几个人很重要。故选C。] 6．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Those with whom you attended a course together，applied for the same part­time job，went to a party and intended to cooperate but failed to take up most of your WeChat friends.In chat records，the only message may be a system notice，‘You have accepted somebody's friend request.’”可知，你和你的微信朋友可能大部分都是那些一起上过课、做过兼职、参加过一个聚会或想要合作的人，即你和他们只是点头之交而已，故选C。] 7．A　[词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“You would have thought about deleting this type of‘friends’and sorting out your connections.But actually you did not do that as you were taught that social networking is valuable to one's success.”可知，你可能会考虑删除这种类型的“朋友”，并整理你的人际关系。但实际上你并没有这么做。因为你被教导说社交网络对于一个人的成功是有价值的。由此可知that指的是“移除微信上不熟悉的朋友”。故选A。] 8．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If the number of your friends reaches 150，maintaining these relationships can be tough to you，and sometimes even will make you anxious.”可知，我们很难管理自己与超过150人之间的关系，故选D。] Ⅱ.完形填空 It's a memorable period when I lost a longtime job.It happened in 2004，when our company announced the job ____1____ ，facing the global economic crisis.We all ____2____ the insurance company we worked for was not as ____3____ as it used to be.Then，one day，I entered my office and was ____4____ I got fired. During that week，I did almost nothing to change my situation, ____5____ renewing my old contacts with writers that I built when I worked as an experienced ____6____ many years ago.Beyond this，I remained a ____7____ unemployed loser.Soon enough，I received an order from a writer.Then I was ____8____ by a few more people who needed my services，and gradually my reputation recovered. Though this ____9____ job couldn't support me long，I could make ends meet while ____10____ a job.During my hard times，I made the ____11____ of a man from Japan，who wanted to have his novel translated into English quickly，and I ____12____ that.We worked together for a while.He inspired me to find new opportunities from ____13____ companies instead of the same ones.I started to look at the world from another ____14____ ；I figured out what I truly wanted，and ____15____ the thought that “the man is for work，not the work for the man”． [语篇解读]　本文是记叙文。作者通过失业、找工作的历程，对工作有了新的认识，感悟到不能为了工作而工作，应为了自己想做的事努力。 1．A.training　　　　　　 B．advertisement C．cut D．loss 解析：C　[根据上文中的“I lost a longtime job”和下文中的“I got fired”可知，公司宣布要裁员。job cut“裁员”。] 2．A.expected B．realized C．promised D．suspected 解析：B　[根据上文中的“facing the global economic crisis”可知，作者和他的同事们已经意识到(realized)公司赢利不如以往。] 3．A.responsible B．influential C．profitable D．attractive 解析：C　[参见上题解析。profitable“有利润的，赢利的”，符合题意。responsible“负责的”；influential“有影响力的”；attractive“有吸引力的”。] 4．A.warned B．reminded C．convinced D．informed 解析：D　[有一天，作者到办公室后被通知他被解雇了。warn“提醒注意，使警惕”；remind“提醒，使想起”；convince“使相信”；inform“通知，告知”。] 5．A.except B．without C．like D．despite 解析：A　[作者几乎没有做什么来改变这种局面，除了联系一下以前工作时认识的人，except“除……之外”，符合题意。] 6．A.editor B．agent C．insurer D．translator 解析：D　[根据上文的“writers”和尾段中的“who wanted to have his novel translated into English quickly”可知，作者做的是翻译工作。translator“译者”，符合语境。editor“编辑”；agent“代理人，经纪人”；insurer“承保人”。] 7．A.low B．confused C．useless D．sensitive 解析：A　[上文提到作者被解雇，其后的一周作者几乎不做任何事情来改变自己失业的现状，由此可推知，他处于一种低沉、沮丧的状态，故选low“沮丧的，消沉的”。] 8．A.praised B．reached C．inspired D．caught 解析：B　[根据上文中的“renewing my old contacts”和下文中的“who needed my services”可知，这些需要作者服务的客户联系作者，reach在此处表示“(尤指用电话)联系，与……取得联系”，符合语境。] 9．A.relaxing B．literary C．temporary D．challenging 解析：C　[根据上文内容以及下文中的“couldn't support me long”可知，翻译只是作者暂时的工作。temporary“短暂的，暂时的，临时的”，符合题意。relaxing“令人放松的，轻松的”；literary“文学的，文学上的”；challenging“有挑战性的”。] 10．A.resigning from B．dreaming of C．keeping up D．hunting for 解析：D　[这份临时工作可以让作者找工作的同时勉强维持生计。resign from“从……辞职”；dream of“渴望，梦想”；keep up“保持”；hunt for“寻找”。] 11．A.acquaintance B．impression C．assessment D．celebration 解析：A　[根据下文可知，作者认识了这位来自日本的男士，make the acquaintance of sb.“结识某人”。] 12．A.accepted B．chosen C．repeated D．rejected 解析：A　[根据上文作者接翻译工作以及下文中的“We worked together for a while”可知，作者接受了(accepted)这一份翻译小说的工作。] 13．A.developing B．distinct C．potential D．similar 解析：B　[根据上文中的“He inspired me to find new opportunities”和下文中的“instead of the same ones”可知，他激励作者从不同的公司中寻找新机会，而不是相同的公司。developing“发展中的”；distinct“不同种类的”；potential“潜在的，可能的”；similar“相似的”。] 14．A.approach B．instruction C．angle D．background 解析：C　[根据上文可知，作者在这位日本朋友的鼓励下思想发生了变化，因此他开始从另一个角度看待世界。angle“观点，立场，角度”。] 15．A.possessed B．supported C．appreciated D．quit 解析：D　[根据上文中“started to look at the world from another __14__ ；I figured out what I truly wanted”可知，作者弄清了自己真正想要的，意识到不能为了工作而工作，摒弃了(quit)“人是为工作服务的，而不是工作为人服务的”这一想法。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$